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1
Assy, Eliane. "Study of indoor air quality by multi-sensor systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'exposition à la pollution de l'air intérieur est considérée comme un enjeu sanitaire majeur pour toute population en général, entraînant des maladies respiratoires et cardiovasculaires voir des décès prématurés. Malgré un nombre croissant d'études au cours des dernières décennies, les données sur la pollution de l'air intérieur sont encore limités. Ce manque est dû notamment aux différents environnements, publics ou privés à étudier, et à la disponibilité des techniques d’analyse qui peuvent être déployées dans ces environnements de manière à ne pas gêner les occupants. Pour ces raisons, les capteurs chimiques à faible coût désormais présents dans le commerce constituent des instruments prometteurs pour l'étude de la QAI, sous réserve qu'ils soient bien caractérisés.Dans ce travail, les systèmes multi-capteurs conçus dans le cadre d'un projet multidisciplinaire au sein de l'Université de Lille, ont été testés dans des conditions semi-contrôlées en laboratoire afin d'évaluer leurs performances métrologiques et leurs limites. Les résultats ont révélé que les capteurs étaient capables de quantifier avec une résolution temporelle élevée (30 secondes), les concentrations de CO2, CO, NOx, O3, VOC et PM, en dépit de certains problèmes de calibration liés aux interférences chimiques et à la dépendance de la réponse des capteurs à l'humidité relative.Ces capteurs ont été déployés dans divers bâtiments résidentiels et non résidentiels de l'agglomération lilloise. Les mesures ont montré que, la plupart du temps, les concentrations de polluants de l'air intérieur sont en dessous des valeurs seuils recommandées par la communauté scientifique. Les mesures ont également permis, lorsqu'elles sont couplées aux registres spatio-temporels d'activité remplis par les occupants, d'identifier et de caractériser les événements conduisant à des concentrations supérieures aux valeurs recommandées. Ces déterminants de la QAI incluent la cuisson, même sur une cuisinière électrique, les processus de combustion tels que la fumée de cigarette ou la brûlure de bougies ou d'encens, la consommation de produits de soins corporels et de nettoyage de la maison, et même la simple présence des occupants.Les mesures des capteurs ont été utilisées afin de calculer un indice de la qualité de l'air intérieur en temps quasi-réel, basé sur l'indice Int’Air®. Cet indice modifié converge rapidement vers l'indice Int’Air® permettant ainsi d'effectuer une évaluation simple et peu coûteuse de la QAI, comme exigé par les autorités réglementaires. Par ailleurs, ce nouvel indice réagit immédiatement aux événements de pollution, ce qui pourrait être utilisé par les gestionnaires de bâtiments pour prendre des mesures visant à améliorer la QAI lorsque cela s'avère nécessaireExposure to indoor air pollution is a major health hazard for the general population, leading to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and even to premature death. In spite of an increasing number of studies in the last decades, indoor air pollution data are still scarce. This is due in part to the many different environments, public or private, to be investigated, and to the availability of instruments that can be deployed in such environments without disturbing the occupants. For these reasons, the now commercially available low-cost chemical sensors are promising instruments for the study of IAQ, provided they are well characterized.In the present work, sensor nodes developed in a multidisciplinary project within the University of Lille, were tested in laboratory semi-controlled conditions to assess their performances and limitations. They were found adequate to quantify with a high time resolution (30 seconds) the concentrations of CO2, CO, NOx, O3, VOC and PM, in spite of some calibration issues linked to chemical interferences and to the dependence of the sensors response on the relative humidity.These sensors nodes were deployed in various residential and non-residential buildings in the metropolitan area of Lille. These measurements showed that, most of the time, the indoor air pollutants concentrations are below the threshold values recommended by the scientific community. The measurements also allowed, when coupled to space-time-activity logs filled by the occupants, to identify and characterize the events leading to concentrations in excess of the recommended values. Such IAQ determinants include cooking, even on electric stove, combustion processes such as cigarette smoking or burning candles or incense, use of body care and housecleaning products, and even the mere presence of occupants.The sensors data were used to calculate a quasi-real time indoor air quality index, based on the INT’AIR® index. This modified index converges quickly with INT’AIR®, therefore allowing to perform an easy and cheap assessment of IAQ as mandated by regulatory instances. At the same time, the new index also responds immediately to pollution events, which could be used by building managers to take actions to improve IAQ when necessary
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Miranda, Cavalcante Neto Luiz. "Dynamic indicator of individual exposure to air quality based on multi-sensor measurements : a tool for personalized prevention." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MTLD0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'évolution récente des technologies de détection des gaz a popularisé l’usage des micro-capteurs dans de nombreuses applications : analyse de la qualité des produits alimentaires, nuisances olfactives, surveillance de la pollution de l'air ambiant et intérieur. Les capteurs de gaz à base d'oxyde métallique (MOX) dominent le marché des capteurs prêts à l'emploi grâce à leur miniaturisation, leur coût réduit et leur disponibilité. Cependant, les capteurs MOX sont rarement utilisés seuls pour mesurer un gaz unique, car ils sont sensibles à de nombreux paramètres, dont plusieurs gaz simultanément, et sujets à la dérive au fil du temps. Ils sont généralement regroupés en grappes (ou « nez électroniques ») combinant différents modèles de capteurs MOX aux sensibilités variées. Avec un traitement de données approprié via des algorithmes de reconnaissance des formes, ces systèmes fournissent des informations précieuses sur l'échantillon mesuré. Pour la qualité de l'air intérieur (QAI), ces grappes de capteurs MOX servent à mesurer la concentration de composés organiques volatils (COV), avec des résultats parfois comparables aux équipements analytiques de laboratoire. Cette thèse étudie les informations fournies par ces grappes dans les applications de QAI, et comment les transmettre à l'occupant sous la forme d'un indice individuel dynamique de QAI, d'où le titre de la thèse. L'approche retenue a d’abord consister à étudier le nombre de degrés de liberté d'un système multi-capteurs MOX à l'aide d'un outil d'analyse dimensionnelle : la dimensionnalité intrinsèque (ID). L’objectif était d’identifier une configuration optimale pour un moniteur de QAI. Pour cela, plusieurs ensembles de données, illustrant différentes situations de QAI, ont été analysés. Nous avons ensuite développé notre propre base de données, comprenant 10 activités intérieures quotidiennes, surveillées par un grand nombre de capteurs MOX. Lors de l'analyse de ces données, nous avons constaté que l'ID pouvait aussi indiquer l'état de la pollution de l'environnement surveillé. Après avoir approfondi les effets des activités sur l'ID du système, un article a été publié sur ces résultatsRecent developments in gas sensing technology have made the use of microsensors popular for a large variety of applications, such as the analysis of quality of food products, odor nuisances, and air pollution monitoring in the ambient and in the indoor air. Notably, metal-oxide-based gas sensors (MOX sensors) have dominated the market for off-the-shelf gas sensor due to their miniaturization, cost-effectiveness, and availability. Despite that, MOX sensors are usually not used individually to measure a single gas as they are notoriously known to be sensitive to a large number of parameters, including multiple gases at the same time, as well as being prone to drift in their measurement during their lifetime. The solution to that is that is most applications, these sensors are grouped in clusters (sometimes called electronic noses) containing different models of MOX sensors capable of measuring different species of gases with different levels of sensitivity and, with proper data treatment in the form of a pattern recognition algorithm, they can provide valuable information about the sample presented to them. For indoor air quality (IAQ) applications, these clusters of MOX sensors are typically used to measure concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)in the indoor air, with results sometimes comparable to analytical laboratory equipment. In this thesis, we study which type of information these clusters of sensors can provide to us, specifically in IAQ applications and how we can convey this information to the occupant of a monitored indoor environment in the form of a dynamic individual IAQ index, hence the title of the thesis. The chosen approach was, at first, to study the number of degrees of freedom of a system containing multiple MOX sensors using a dimensional analysis tool (the intrinsic dimensionality, or ID, of the system) to try to find an ideal configuration for an IAQ monitor to. To do so, multiple datasets were analyzed, which contained different IAQ situations. We ended up developing our own dataset containing reproductions of 10 different day-to-day indoor activities monitored by a large number of MOX sensors. During the analysis of this dataset, we realized that the ID can also be an important indicator of the state of the air pollution in the monitored indoor environment, so after further exploring the effects of the performed activities in the ID of the system, a paper was published with the findings of this study
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Riffelli, Stefano. "Sustainable comfort in indoor environments: global comfort indices and virtual sensors." Doctoral thesis, Urbino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11576/2700929.
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Rahmani, Mariam. "Indoor Air Quality Measurements." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2003. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/415.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucfBachelors
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering
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Cony, Louis. "Élaboration et développement d’un indice de la qualité sanitaire de l’habitat : outil de quantification de la « favorabilité » à la santé." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Si nous n’amoindrissons pas l’importance de la qualité de l’air extérieur (en particulier dans les zones à trafic routier important, dans les zones à proximité de sites industriels…) ou dans les transports (comme les espaces confinés souterrains) dans l’exposition des personnes aux polluants de l’air, la prise en compte de l’exposition aux polluants des occupants dans leurs logements est primordiale puisque les gens y passent en moyenne autour de 80% de leur temps. La première étape de ce travail a consisté à définir tout d’abord un nombre réduit de polluants à considérer à l’intérieur des logements par un processus de hiérarchisation consistant à comparer les niveaux d’exposition aux différents polluants par rapport à leurs valeurs sanitaires de référence. L’analyse des indices mono et multi polluants existants nous a permis d’aboutir à la définition d’un nouvel indice multi polluants, nommé ULR-QAI, qui a été utilisé comme indicateur principal dans la suite de l’étude. Le deuxième chapitre était quant à lui dédié au développement de l’outil numérique nécessaire à reproduire les situations diverses et variées qui peuvent être rencontrées dans les logements. L’objectif était ici de reproduire le transport des polluants de l’air extérieur vers l’intérieur, les sources intérieures de polluants ainsi que les phénomènes physiques essentiels (transferts de polluants entre les différentes pièces d’un logement, variation de l’humidité relative de l’air, dépôt de particules, filtration…) pour l’évaluation des niveaux de concentration des polluants cibles définis dans le chapitre précédent. Ainsi, un environnement de simulation hygrothermique, aéraulique et de QAI a été construit par couplage des logiciels TRNSYS et CONTAM. Enfin, une analyse des éléments impactant la QAI des logements a été développée dans le dernier chapitre. Le but ici n’était pas uniquement d’observer l’influence de certains paramètres mais bien de quantifier et de hiérarchiser, à travers le calcul de l’indice ULR-QAI, les polluants, leurs sources, les systèmes ainsi que les actions pouvant être entreprises par les occupants pour améliorer la QAI de leurs logementsWithout lessening the importance of outdoor air quality (especially in areas with heavy road traffic or near industrial sites...) or transport (such as confined underground spaces) in people's exposure to air pollutants, considering the exposure of occupants to pollutants in their dwellings is essential since people spend around 80% of their time there. The first step of this work consisted in defining a reduced number of pollutants to be considered inside the dwellings through a prioritization process consisting in comparing the levels of exposure to the different pollutants in relation to their health reference values. The analysis of the existing single and multi-pollutant indices led to the definition of a new multi-pollutant index, called ULR-IAQ, which was used as the main indicator in the rest of the study. The second chapter was dedicated to the development of the numerical tool necessary to reproduce the various and varied situations that can be encountered in dwellings. The objective here was to reproduce the transport of pollutants from outdoor to indoor, indoor sources of pollutants as well as the main physical phenomena (pollutant transfers between the different rooms, variation in air relative humidity, deposition of particles, filtration...) for the evaluation of the concentration levels of the target pollutants defined in the previous chapter. Thus, a simulation environment combining energy, airflow and pollutant transport for multizone buildings has been developed by coupling TRNSYS and CONTAM software. Finally, an analysis of the elements impacting the IAQ of dwellings was developed in the last chapter. The goal here was not only to observe the influence of certain parameters but also to quantify and prioritize, through the ULR-IAQ index calculation, the pollutants, their sources, the systems as well as the actions that can be taken by the occupants to improve the IAQ of their dwellings
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Curti, Valerio. "Indoor air quality and moulds." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22721.
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Adler, Stuart Alan. "Indoor air quality and architecture." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23178.
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Schuh, Christine. "Performance indicators for indoor air quality." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/NQ54809.pdf.
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Yontz, Raymond Reese. "AN OVERVIEW OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY." MSSTATE, 2003. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04082003-080526/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is designed to introduce beginning and experienced heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) engineers to common indoor air quality (IAQ) problems and solutions. The bulk of the work is a literature review of common pollutants, pollutant sources, HVAC equipment and systems, and remediation techniques. Pollutants covered include fungi, bacteria, dust mites, viruses, biofilms, microbiological volatile organic compounds (MVOC?s), volatile organic compounds (VOC?s), carbon dioxide, ozone, and radon. The HVAC systems covered are ventilation, direct expansion (DX), desiccant dehumidification, and system filters. The remediation techniques discussed are proper hygiene and maintenance, increased ventilation, humidity control, and proper selection of building materials.
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Amissah, Patrick Ken. "Indoor air quality : combining air humidity with construction moisture." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21574.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The project aims to improve the modelling of moisture transfers at internal surfaces by linking the finite volumes representing the Heat, Air and Moisture (HAM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) domains. Conflation of both models facilitates the detailed study of moisture flow as it impacts on indoor air quality and occupant health. The thesis lays down the conceptual framework for the subsequent development of an indoor air quality analytical tool. The work thus improves the modelling of construction feature risk assessment, for example, moisture absorption and desorption at the internal fabric surfaces in as much as it relates to indoor air quality. Through such an improvement, an indoor air quality analytical tool for the prediction of time-varying temperature/humidity conditions at specific locations within the building is enabled and subsequently these conditions may be related to the likely occurrence of mould. Humidity in indoor spaces is one of the most important factors in the determination of indoor air quality. High indoor humidity is a major contributor to the accumulation of moisture in the building envelope. This often results in dampness within the building envelope and subsequent health-related problems for the occcupants. Moderation of the indoor relative humidity, temperature and moisture content of the indoor air amongst others is a pre-requisite for a healthy building because it affects the perception of indoor air quality, thermal comfort, occupant health (asthma, respiratory illness, etc), building durability, material emission and energy consumption. Excessively high relative humidity promotes the growth of moulds and mildew on building surfaces. The basis for the envisaged conflation evolves around the boundary layer theory as it pertains to the velocity, thermal and concentration profiles associated with flow parallel to a flat surface, a phenomenon which is recognised as being similar in nature to buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer within building enclosures (White 1988). Within the framework of modelling of indoor air flows, the conflated modelling approach is very much dependent upon the treatment of the internal surface convection, for example, in the conflation of HAM and CFO models. This is referred to as the pivot point for the handshaking between HAM and CFO modelling domains. Within the framework of this project, the pivot point refers to the treatment of surface convection mass transfer at the internal surface to facilitate the hand shaking between HAM and CFO modelling domains. The two-time step coupling approach based on the loose coupling algorithm is adapted for the conflation. The technique involves a process whereby the HAM and CFO models are processed independently but exchange information at the interface at every time-step. The numerical method for the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations is based on the co-located grid arrangement, whereby all flow variables are defined in the centre of the grid cells. The transport equations are integrated for each grid cell and the Gauss Theorem applied to yield an integral over the cell face. These cell face integrals are then approximated using interpolation of the cell centred data. For the resolution of flow in the near-wall regime, the Low-Reynolds number k-ε turbulence model is used. A configuration mechanism with a rules-based moisture control algorithm to facilitate the handshaking of the HAM and CFO domains is presented. Methods for the solution of problems due to moisture migration across the interface, which are effected through variation of the convective mass transfer coefficient, hm, through variation of the standard k-ε turbulence model, namely the lowReynolds number model with its embedded wall damping functions and through adjustment of the source terms of governing transport equations of the CFO and HAM models are also discussed.
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Marsik, Tomas. "Developing computer models to study the effect of outdoor air quality on indoor air for the purpose of enhancing indoor air quality." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3286622.
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Ratnam, Edward. "Indoor air quality simulation and feedback control." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388935.
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GREEN, CHRISTOPHER FRANK. "ASSESSMENT AND MODELING OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029515955.
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Nasrullah, M. "Investigation of indoor pollution and deposition of particles on indoor surfaces." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7631.
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Montgomery, James. "Air filtration : predicting and improving indoor air quality and energy performance." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54074.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Air filtration is used to reduce particle concentrations in the indoor environment to provide improved occupant health due to reduced exposure. Increased focus on occupant health in emerging design standards is leading to the installation of higher efficiency filtration systems. These systems generally have higher resistance to flow and therefore impose a greater energy penalty. Previous air filter models have used simplified assumptions with regards to the dynamics of filter operation, which have limited the potential to determine energy efficiency or optimization approaches to system design and operation. This dissertation focuses on developing an improved air filter model to investigate the potential for system modifications to reduce energy consumption and improve indoor air quality (IAQ) within commercial buildings.
A new air filter performance model was developed using generalizable results from ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2012 and validated against laboratory and real-world experiments. The results showed better agreement with laboratory tests than with real operation. The filter model was combined with existing indoor particle dynamics and epidemiological models to determine the impacts of changes to system operation through monetization of operation costs and health benefits. Laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the role that particle properties and relative humidity play in determining the filter performance changes with the aim of better understanding the reasons for discrepancies in operation between laboratory and field filter tests.
Operation can now be optimized by accounting for dynamic characteristics of filter performance. Benefits of improved filtration efficiency were found to outweigh added costs. Adopting specific indoor particle concentration limits is recommended to replace existing specifications relying on filter efficiency. System designs can then be optimized to account for local particle concentration and energy costs. A number of system design changes have been highlighted that allow for simultaneous reduction in operation cost and indoor particle concentrations. Relative humidity has been identified as a critical parameter in filter performance and standardized tests should be modified to account for variability in relative humidity and particle characteristics typical of real operation to allow for improvements to future model predictions. Supplementary materials: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54056Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Beaulieu, Karen A. "Management of indoor air quality in Canadian schools." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ42313.pdf.
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Leung, Ho-yin Henry, and 梁浩賢. "Evaluation of indoor air quality in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254640.
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Öztürk, Ayse. "The architectural design process and indoor air quality." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21352.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bringing a building into existence that has never been made and used before is a kind of invention which is made by an architect. Being an architect necessitates the ability to synthesize separated things besides talent. The architect should relate different things such as people's needs and activities, natural features of earth, manufactured products, etc to each other in a systematic way that he or she can produce solutions for design problems and select the most suitable solution to meet people's needs. Thus a building can be imagined as if it physically exists, and as if it is occupied by users. Although, indoor air quality (IAQ) has been discussed for almost thirty years, it is a new subject for architects from the architectural design point of view. Most of the time, the subject is defined as an engineering problem. However anything related to the building should be recognised by architects, as well, so that they can try to find alternative solutions. Examining the Architectural Design Process and IAQ together in the whole Building System enables the architect to think about IAQ systematically, and to search design solutions to prevent or reduce possible indoor air pollution before it occurs. This thesis shows a way of considering IAQ and the building together during the architectural design stage. In this consideration, the building is modelled as a system, the Architectural Design Process is based on The RIBA Plan of Work, IAQ is adapted as a process, the Architectural Design Process and IAQP are examined together, and the Architectural Design Process is evaluated in terms of IAQ.
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Miranda, Catarina Amélia Filipe. "Indoor air quality in classrooms of a school." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15079.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Engenharia do AmbienteEste trabalho tem como principal objectivo estudar qual o efeito das carpetes na qualidade do ar interior de uma escola primária. Para alcançar este objectivo, as concentrações de PM10, PM2.5 e BC foram medidas no interior e exterior da escola. As medições foram em três diferentes períodos em duas salas de aulas onde uma troca entre carpete e piso liso foi realizado. O cálculo da deposição e re-suspensão de partículas, no interior das salas, foi feito através da equação do balanço mássico. A comparação entre o número de partículas, partículas em suspensão e carbono negro também foi realizada. Existe uma boa relação entre PN e PM (R2<0.94), pelo que o equipamento Dylos pode ser útil para estudos posteriores, uma vez que é mais económico. Quando o chão da sala é coberto por uma carpete, os resultados sugerem que os níveis de re-suspensão são mais baixos e os níveis de deposição mais elevados. Desta forma, recomenda-se o uso de carpete dentro da sala de aula para melhorar a qualidade do ar interior.
The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the effect of the carpet on the indoor air quality of a primary school. To achieve this goal PM10, PM2.5 and BC are measured inside and outside the school. The measurements are performed in two classrooms where an exchange between carpet and regular smooth floor was carried out during three periods. The mass balance equation is used to determinate the resuspension and deposition of particles inside the classrooms. The comparison between particle number, particle matter and black carbon are also performed. To save money, the Dylos equipment might be useful for further studies. There is a high relation between PN and PM (R2<0.94). The results revealed lower resuspension and higher deposition levels when carpet is present in the classroom. Thus, it is recommended to use the carpet inside the classroom.
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Chidurala, Veena. "Measurement and Analysis of Indoor Air Quality Conditions." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862782/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
More than 80% of the people in urban regions and about 98% of cities in low and middle income countries have poor air quality according to the World Health Organization. People living in such environment suffer from many disorders like a headache, shortness of breath or even the worst diseases like lung cancer, asthma etc. The main objective of the thesis is to create awareness about the air quality and the factors that are causing air pollution to the people which is really important and provide tools at their convenience to measure and analyze the air quality. Taking real time air quality scenarios, various experiments were made using efficient sensors to study both the indoor and outdoor air quality. These experimental results will eventually help people to understand air quality better. An outdoor air quality data measurement system is developed in this research using Python programming to provide people an opportunity to retrieve and manage the air quality data and get the concentrations of the leading pollutants. The entire designing of the program is made to run with the help of a graphical user interface tool for the user, as user convenience is considered as one of the objectives of the thesis. A graphical user interface is made for the user convenience to visualize graphically the data from the database. The designed system is tested and used for the measurement and analysis of the outdoor air quality. This data will be available in the database so it can be used for analyzing the air quality data for several days or months or years. Using the GrayWolf system and the designed outdoor air quality data measurement system, both the indoor and outdoor air quality was measured to analyze and correlate.
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Leung, Ho-yin Henry. "Evaluation of indoor air quality in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22264073.
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Underberg, Heidi Lee. "Indoor/ambient residential air toxics results in rural western Montana." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-08072009-194333.
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Leung, Wai-yip, and 梁偉業. "Indoor air quality and heating, ventilation & air conditioning systemsin office buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253787.
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Janse, van Rensburg Francois. "An investigation of indoor air quality assessment in office buildings." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the last several years studies have shown that the quality of indoor air may be worse than outdoor air. People spend as much as 90% of their time indoors, therefor, the associated health risk due to indoor air pollution may be greater than the risk due to outdoor air pollution. Building designs have altered dramatically over the last two decades resulted in "tighter" buildings that rely on sophisticated mechanical systems to provide for the quantity of air required throughout the building. These changes over the years could result in an increased number of complaints received regarding Sick Building Syndrome symptoms. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that up to 30% of office buildings world-wide may have significant problems regarding poor indoor air quality (IAQ). This study involves a literature study of the major indoor air pollutants regarding the source of the pollutant, the associated health effects, the measuring techniques available and the results of previous studies conducted on the specific pollutant. Measurements will be taken in two sealed buildings, one an old and the other a new building to identify the major pollutants. A questionnaire was compiled specifically for building occupants and completed by the occupants of both buildings. From the results obtained a step-by-step method for solving indoor air quality (IAQ) problems was proposed. The method was applied and evaluated in a case study of a problem building where indoor air quality related problems were experienced. The results of the study revealed that the major indoor air pollutants are present in old as well as new buildings. The study also revealed that some office workers might be more susceptible than others to the medical reactions cause to human beings by these pollutants. Some concentrations are higher in new buildings than in old buildings. The responses from the questionnaire was evaluated against the results obtained from the measurement study. The step-by-step method in the case study provided a more systematic approach at solving IAQ problems at buildings. Solving indoor air quality problems is a very practical issue and does not necessarily require an investment of expensive high technology equipment, but might merely require a practical approach. Environmental Health Officers can play a major role in providing expert advice when scrutinizing building plans. Environmental Health Officers should empower themselves with the knowledge to do inspections or investigations in office buildings by using the step-by-step method for investigating indoor air quality problems. By addressing indoor air quality problems in buildings, the workers in healthy buildings can increase their productivity with lasting effects on a company’s bottom line.
25
Leung, Wai-yip. "Indoor air quality and heating, ventilation & air conditioning systems in office buildings /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18734315.
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Guo, Fangfang. "Development of a model for controlling indoor air quality." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAH011/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ce travail a consisté à analyser et de simuler à l’aide du modèle INCA-Indoor la qualité de l’air intérieur, et de développer une nouvelle méthodologie pour étudier les contributions des différents processus aux concentrations de polluants. Cette nouvelle méthodologie se base sur un nouveau programme de sensibilité INCA-Indoor-D, permet d’identifier rapidement les paramètres les plus sensibles qui peuvent influencer la qualité de l’air intérieur. Le modèle INCA-Indoor a été validé expérimentalement en utilisant les données mesurées lors de la campagne MERMAID (2014-2015). L’application du programme de sensibilité INCA-Indoor-D est pour analyser des sensibilité des concentrations de OH par rapport aux divers paramètres. Une classification de l’importance de ces paramètres en fonction de la sensibilité a ainsi été effectuée. Ce travail de thèse offre une nouvelle analyse de la pollution de l’air ainsi que de nouvelles perspectives d’études possibles dans un bâtiment basse consommationThis study consisted in the study of indoor air quality with INCA-Indoor model, and especially the development of a fast methodology to identify the most sensitive parameters influencing indoor air quality. The methodology is based on a sensitivity program INCA-Indoor-D, which was built to identify the most important parameters affecting pollutant concentrations. With measurement data from MERMAID (2014-2015), it is intended to continue to evaluate the INCA-Indoor model, which was used to analyze the indoor air quality of a low energy building. The first application of the sensitivity program INCA-Indoor-D is performed to develop a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of indoor [OH] with respect to diverse parameters. Sensitivity has been settled with a classification of the parameters. The results in this study provide useful information about roles of different processes controlling indoor air quality and the effects of different parameters on indoor pollutant concentrations
27
Ha, Mona M. "Indoor air quality, office health, safety and well-being." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ42314.pdf.
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28
Betuz, Naima Ebru. "Assessment Of Indoor Air Quality In Crowded Educational Spaces." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615317/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Indoor air quality has become a challenge together with the global aim &lsquodecreasing energy consumption&rsquo
. Increasing insulation levels of building envelopes but implementing inaccurate building system details has caused excessive heat, accumulation of pollutants, etc. in spaces. In terms of educational spaces, the increase in complaints and illnesses due to unfavorable indoor air conditions leads to a decrease in concentration and so academic performance of students and staff. In the context, the aim of the study was indicating the poor indoor air quality conditions caused by inadequate fresh air supply in crowded educational spaces and making recommendations for the improvement. In the study, a classroom and a design studio in the METU Faculty of Architecture building were investigated. In order to examine the existing situation, at two locations of each room the temperature, relative humidity and CO2 were continuously recorded between 13 September 2011 and 24 February 2012 and air speed for ten-day periods between 26 November 2011 and 5 January 2012. The evaluation of the collected data indicated that both of the rooms had temperature, so relative humidity and CO2 accumulation problems mainly due to insufficient fresh air supply in the winter period. In order to eliminate the poor conditions in the rooms, the needed outdoor air can be provided through the inlet openings coupled with fan coils, which are in existence but not in use.
29
Tang, Man-wah Myra, and 鄧敏華. "Indoor air quality and HVAC systems in institutional buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255322.
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30
Chan, Wai-Tin. "Multidisciplinary approach of design for acceptable indoor air quality." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289460.
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31
Shahabian-Moghaddam, Farzad. "Multidisciplinary approach of design for acceptable indoor air quality." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289462.
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32
Yang, Xudong 1966. "Study of building material emissions and indoor air quality." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9366.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-210).
Building materials and furnishings emit a wide variety of indoor pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). At present, no accurate models are available to characterize material emissions and sorption under realistic indoor conditions. The objective of this thesis is to fill that gap. Using the emission data measured in small-scale and full-scale environmental chambers, this investigation has developed a numerical model for simulating emissions of "wet" materials applied to porous substrates. This model considers VOC mass transfer processes in the air, material-air interface, material film, and the substrate. The model can predict "wet" material emissions under different environmental conditions (i.e., temperature, velocity, turbulence, and VOC concentration in the air) with reasonable accuracy. We developed two models for simulating VOC emissions from dry materials. One is a numerical model for short-term predictions, the other is an analytical model for long-term predictions. The models have been successfully used to examine the VOC emissions from two particleboard samples and a polypropene Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) carpet. A VOC sorption model has also been developed to analytically solve the VOC sorption rate as a function of air-phase concentrations. The model has been validated using an analytical solution as well as data obtained from sorption experiments. The emission and sorption models that we developed have been further used to study indoor air quality (IAQ) in a small office with different ventilation systems. The results show that displacement ventilation may not provide better IAQ than mixing systems if the VOC sources are from the floor. Further, our study shows sink effects from internal walls of gypsum board.
by Xudong Yang.
Ph.D.
33
Giampiccolo, Andrea. "TiO2-based photocatalytic coatings for improving indoor air quality." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760905.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide have been widely studied since the discovery in 1972 of water photolysis by TiO2 electrodes. Rutile and anatase are the most studied of the different TiO2 polymorphs due to their chemo-physical properties. When irradiated with ultraviolet light, TiO2 is able to absorb photons, creating on the surface an electron and a positive “hole”. This electron-hole pair then reacts with water and oxygen, generating chemical radicals. These are very unstable and reactive species which can neutralise pollutants. In the introduction pollutants and their influence in the air quality are described as well as the state of art of TiO2, photochemistry; semiconductor doping, chemo-physical principles, and TiO2 coatings. Various protocols to test photoactivity of both powders and coatings are discussed studying both gas phase and liquid phase reactions looking at UV and visible light irradiation. The sol-gel synthesis of pure and tungsten- and cobalt-doped TiO2, as well as graphene/TiO2 hybrids, was explored modifying the conditions and parameters to optimise the photocatalytic activation of TiO2 in the visible light range. A comprehensive study of manufactured and commercially available TiO2 powders and coatings was performed to identify the differences between photocatalytic properties, using electron microscopy, Raman and UV-vis diffusive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. An important question that was answered in this thesis is whether the physical properties of nanoparticles or their electronic properties are critical for their photocatalytic behaviour. Results for doped powders of different particle size and surface area showed how the positioning of their electronic band gap with the wavelength of the visible light source was fundamental for an effective photocatalytic process for the application wantedIn the application of TiO2 for the built environment, lime and MDF were considered as substrates for coatings. Lime-based coatings were prepared mixing commercial K7000 TiO2 with the plaster and photoactivity of the coatings was evaluated looking at formaldehyde degradation. MDF based coating were produced using both produced sol-gel pure, doped TiO2 and tested by observing degradation of Ink Intelligent inks under both UV and visible light confirming the photoactivity. Throughout this work sol-gel was employed for the production of pure and doped TiO2 nanoparticles with the anatase crystalline phase. Photocatalytic tests on the synthesised particles under UV light shows comparable performances with commercial particles. Synthesised particles and coatings shows promising performances, higher than commercially available particles when irradiated with visible light confirming a possible application in indoor environment.
34
Newcomer, Derek A. "Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality at Four Fitness Facilities." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1083330505.
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35
Tang, Man-wah Myra. "Indoor air quality and HVAC systems in institutional buildings /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2554942x.
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36
Kasper, Kenneth M. "Does exposure science support the concern over indoor air quality? /." Link to online version, 2006. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/1546.
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37
Dokka, Tor Helge. "Modelling of indoor air quality in residential and commercial buildings." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1255.
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38
Huo, Yan. "Ventilation impact on indoor air quality problems in partitioned offices." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25925.pdf.
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39
Dhaliwal, Baljit. "Alternative fuel effects on vehicle emissions and indoor air quality." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0011/MQ60113.pdf.
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40
Hui, Sum-wong, and 許森煌. "A study of indoor air quality management in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255516.
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41
Pegas, Priscilla Nascimento. "Indoor air quality in elementary schools of Lisbon and Aveiro." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/9719.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doutoramento em Ciências e Engenharia do AmbienteTem havido uma preocupação crescente com a qualidade do ar interior (QAI) nas escolas em muitos países. Muitos estudos epidemiológicos têm encontrado diferenças regionais entre ambientes interiores. Apesar da elevada incidência de asma e rinite na população infantil, praticamente nada se sabia sobre a QAI em escolas portuguesas. A percepção dos problemas de QAI é crucial para avaliar os riscos para a saúde e rendimento dos estudantes, e para sugerir meios de reduzir a exposição a poluentes indesejáveis. Neste estudo procurou-se obter as concentrações de poluentes de interesse em estabelecimentos de ensino do 1º ciclo de Lisboa e Aveiro, estimar o estado atual de casos de asma e rinite em escolas primárias da capital, avaliar a influência de diferentes materiais das salas de aula/construção e hábitos escolares na QAI, identificar potenciais fontes de poluentes nos interiores e exteriores das salas de aula e propor medidas mitigadoras. Catorze escolas de Lisboa foram visitadas para obter a caracterização física das construções em termos de estrutura, ventilação, materiais de acabamento, produtos de limpeza, densidade de ocupação e potenciais fontes interiores de poluição. Os estudantes foram questionados sobre os seus hábitos e sintomas respiratórios através de inquéritos do modelo ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood). Durante a primavera, outono e inverno (2008-2010), nas salas de aula e pátios, foram monitorizados, por amostragem passiva, compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs), carbonilos e dióxido de azoto (NO2). Foram também medidos parâmetros de conforto e níveis de microrganismos. Duas escolas localizadas, uma no centro da cidade e outra na região suburbana, em Aveiro foram estudadas em 2010. Parâmetros de conforto, microrganismos, COVs, NO2, material particulado (PM10) foram medidos no interior e no exterior de ambas escolas. Os iões solúveis, carbono orgânico e elementar (OC e EC), e compostos orgânicos presentes no material particulado foram subsequentemente analisados em laboratório. Uma medida mitigadora - fitoremediação - foi avaliada na escola do centro da cidade de Aveiro em 2011. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que a QAI é pior do que a do ar exterior. Em geral, os níveis de CO2 e dos bioaerosóis excederam os níveis máximos aceitáveis para o conforto dos ocupantes estipulado pelas regulamentações portuguesas. Quase todos os COVs e carbonilos identificados mostraram razões interior/exterior (I/E) maiores que uma unidade, o que demonstra a importante contribuição de fontes interiores em todas as escolas. As razões I/E das concentrações de NO2 nunca excederam a unidade. Os níveis interiores diários de PM10 foram sempre maiores que os exteriores, exceto nos fins de semana. Após a colocação de plantas numa das salas de aula, observou-se uma redução estatisticamente significativa nos níveis de CO2, COVs, carbonilos, PM10, OC, e dos iões nitrato, sulfato, amónia, cálcio e carbonato. A possível redução dos níveis de poluentes no interior após a colocação de plantas pode representar uma solução de baixo custo para reduzir a exposição a muitos compostos, melhorar o rendimento e aumentar o bem estar dos alunos e professores em sala de aula.
There is a growing concern about indoor air quality (IAQ) in schools in many countries. Most epidemiological studies have found significant differences among indoor environments from different regions. Despite the high incidence of asthma and rhinitis in children, virtually nothing was known about the IAQ in Portuguese schools. The perception of IAQ problems is crucial to assess health risks and students’ performance, and to suggest ways to reduce the exposure of children to undesirable pollutants. The main purpose of this study was to obtain the concentrations of pollutants of interest in Lisbon and Aveiro schools, to estimate the actual state for asthma/rhinitis in Lisbon’s primary school population, to evaluate the influence of outdoor environment on indoor air, to evaluate the influence of different classroom/building materials and school habits on IAQ, to evaluate the relevance of both indoor and outdoor air quality to the incidence of respiratory symptoms and students’ performance, to identify potential outdoor/indoor pollutant sources, and to propose mitigation measures. Fourteen schools of Lisbon city were visited to obtain the physical characterisation of the buildings in terms of structure, ventilation, furniture materials, cleaning products, occupant density, and potential indoor pollutant sources. Students were questioned about habits and respiratory symptoms through ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) surveys. During spring, autumn and winter seasons (2008-2010), classrooms and playgrounds were monitored by volatile organic compound (VOC), carbonyl and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) passive sampling. Comfort parameters and microorganisms were also measured. Two schools located in Aveiro, one at the city centre and another on the outskirts of the city, were the target of the study in 2010. Comfort parameters, microorganisms, VOCs, NO2 and particulate matter (PM10) were measured inside and outside of both schools. The soluble ions, organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) and organic compounds in particulate matter were subsequently analysed in the laboratory. A mitigation measure – phytoremediation - was evaluated at the city centre Aveiro school in 2011. The results of this study showed that IAQ is worse than outdoor air. Generally, the CO2 and bioaerosol levels were higher than the acceptable maximum values stipulated by the Portuguese regulations. Almost all identified VOCs and carbonyls showed indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios higher than one, which denotes an important contribution from indoor sources at all schools. In general, the I/O NO2 ratios never exceeded the unity. The daily indoor PM10 levels were always higher than those outdoors, except on weekends. After the placement of potted-plants in one classroom, a statistically significant reduction in the levels of CO2, VOCs, carbonyls, PM10, organic carbon, and ions (nitrate, sulphate, ammonia, calcium, and carbonate) was observed. The use of plants may represent a low-cost solution to reduce exposure to many compounds and lifetime risk, and to further improve performance, attendance and welfare of students and teachers in classrooms.
42
Trivette, Miriam Rachel. "Indoor Air Quality: Determination of VOC's in a Reproductive Clinic." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to perform an indoor air quality (IAQ) investigation at the Center for Applied Reproductive Science (CARS) to assess whether VOCs exist at levels dangerous to embryo. Formaldehyde, n-hexane, benzene, and styrene concentrations were measured at six locations. Formaldehyde concentrations were comparable to office and residential indoor air. N-hexane, benzene, and styrene were not detected. In addition, acetaldehyde, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol were detected. IAQ parameters (carbon dioxide, temperature, humidity, pressure, and particulates) were measured at 22 sites monthly for one year. Temperature and humidity readings were within Environmental Protection Agency recommendations. Particulate concentrations were below Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards. Pressure readings indicated the facility was under a negative pressure. Carbon dioxide concentrations exceeded recommendations established by American Society for Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Recommendations include assessing air intakes to assure dampers are adjusted to allow 15 ft3/min/person of fresh air established by ASHRAE.
43
Hsieh, Ting-yun, and 謝梃蘊. "Development of Indoor-Vehicle Air Quality Index System." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10949768316961292062.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
環境規劃與管理研究所
91
Many countries have set up indoor air quality standards to protect human health in recent years. Some indoor air quality index systems have been developed as well. In Taiwan, however, current studies of the indoor environment index are based on the design of building and air conditioning, with the focus on comfort and energy saving. It results in a massive and subjective index system with numerous index items including temperature, humidity, lighting and so on. In this study, human health effects and risks are analyzed by means of the risk assessments and dose-response effects of major indoor air pollutants. An indoor air quality index system was developed based on the results of risk assessment, epidemiology studies, current regulations and standards, literatures research, et al. Eight major indoor air pollutants are discussed in this research: Particulate(PM2.5), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO),Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Ozone (O3), Formaldehyde (HCHO), and Total Volatility Organic Compounds (TVOCs). The health risk assessment was conducted by introducing Hazard quotient (HQ) and cancer risks. Similar to the United States Ambient Air Quality Index (AQI) system, an Indoor Air Quality Index (IAQI) system is developed for the human health protection. Based on the lowest acceptable risks for adults, the following pollution concentrations are defined as the IAQI value of 150: PM2.5 : 65ug/m3, NO2 : 0.29ppm, SO2 : 0.13ppm, O3 : 0.05ppm, CO : 23.1ppm, CO2 : 3500ppm, HCHO : 0.06ppm, TVOCs： 0.30 mg/m3. This IAQI system is demonstrated by applying to actual indoor air quality monitoring results. The application of the IAQI system is addressed in this research.
44
Chen, Chia-Chen, and 陳家蓁. "Developing an Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Wireless Monitoring Network and Dynamic Air Quality Index System." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q9np65.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
環境工程與管理研究所
97
The purpose of this study is to develop an Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Wireless Monitoring Network and Dynamic Air Quality Index System. There are three parts in this study; 1. to build an Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Wireless Monitoring Network (AQWMN). 2. to improve Indoor Air Quality Index (IAQI) System for creating a Dynamic Air Quality Index System. 3. to integrate AQWMN and IAQI system. ZigBee wireless technique and gaseous pollution sensors that contain sensors of Carbon dioxide (CO2), Carbon monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3) as well as sensors of temperature, and humidity will be integrated into one indoor air monitor system which will be applied for one particular community in Banciao, Taipei County. Moreover, several laboratory and field tests were also conducted to evaluate accuracy of the system in controlled conditions and real world environments. Nine major indoor air pollutants are discussed: PM10, PM2.5, CO2, CO, O3, HCHO, TVOC, bacteria and fungi. Therefore, the indoor air quality index (IAQI) system is developed in this research based on epidemiology studies, current regulations and standards, and the two classes of Taiwan indoor air quality guideline (IAQG). IAQI system uses the similar scale of the U.S. ambient air quality index (AQI) system. The above pollution concentrations are defined as the IAQI ratings of 100 (IAQG-class I) and 150 (IAQG-class II) to develop a local index system for the human health protection in Taiwan. According to the results of this study, the AQWMN system can monitor air quality of three different sites simultaneously, and wireless transmit data into computer database which users could browse and check instant or historical records through internet. Among the gaseous pollution sensors, sensors of CO2, CO, temperature, and humidity have better performance. The test results of Indoor/Outdoor Air Quality Index for community showed that most serious air pollution occurred in parking area in both long-term and short-term monitoring, followed by Indoor recreation center; however, the air quality of Square area is within standard. By using the Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Wireless Monitoring Network and Dynamic Air Quality Index System, community managers and policy makers can easily monitor air quality in real-time, and evaluate the impacts of management to the air quality and human health. It can provide indoor air quality self-management for Building managers and serve as an assessment tool to ensure the improvement of indoor air quality.
45
HUNG，YAO-CHANG and 洪耀場. "A Study of Indoor Air Quality Index Ding Tai Ran Assembly Building in Taichung City." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xd2udt.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士逢甲大學
建築碩士在職學位學程
107
Air pollution is the invisible killer of 『health』, the indoor air quality is not necessarily better than the outside.Luxury and style are the symbol of modern architecture. In order to pursue the magnificent facade, a large amount of building materials are used to decorate and decorate, thus causing pollutants, resulting in poor air quality, which makes people susceptible to respiratory diseases.A measured study found that up to 87% of indoor air quality is unqualified, and the highest rate of formaldehyde in the master bedroom is 40%, followed by volatile organic compounds. The unqualified space is the most in the living room and master bedroom. The failure rates were 35.7% and 26.3%, respectively.A lot of people buy houses only pay attention to decoration, layout and furniture, but ignore the impact of indoor environmental quality on human health. Living and eating are the same. If you live in the wrong house, you will get sick, but the nervous system is damaged, suffering from depression, memory confusion. Severe cases of renal dysfunction, lung poisoning, asthma attacks, leukemia, brain lesions and lung cancer, etc., to stay away from these lesions, of course, must improve the quality of living environment. In the study conducted a series of air quality testing studies on the indoor space of the Ding Tai Ran Collection Residential Building in Taichung City.Divided into residential, public, parking and other spaces for the survey, to explore the current status and problems of air quality, and to analyze the factors affecting air quality.testing of indoor air quality pollutant contents of the specified EPA 101 years according to the Executive Yuan on November 23 regulations include: chemical (CO2, CO, O3, HCHO, TVOC), physical (PM10, PM2.5) and biological (Bacteria, Fungi) and other nine kinds of factors, the actual use of contaminated instruments measured values. The research method is as follows: 1. The survey method: the instrument for a long time to detect the concentration of pollutants for eight hours, in the residential space for the detection of the module. 2. The analysis method: the use of linear line chart analysis and correlation analysis of the degree of correlation for a pollutant. 3. During the construction of its main indoor pollutants and concentrations of the changes in the situation. The main results in this study are as follows: 1. The correlation of CO for each pollutant factor is: (1) CO to floor, belonging to low (negative) correlation, R2 = 0.0748, R = -0.2735. (2) CO is temperature (high) (positive) correlation, R2 = 0.4695, R = 0.6852. (3) CO vs. humidity, which is moderate (positive) related, R2 = 0.3081, R = 0.5551. (4) CO is a low (negative) correlation with CO2, R2 = 0.0860, R = -0.2933. (5) CO to HCHO, which is low (positive) related, R2 = 0.0011, R = 0.0332. (6) CO vs. TVOC, which is moderate (negative) related, R2 = 0.1368, R = -0.3699. (7) CO vs. O3, which is low (negative) related, R2 = 0.0485, R = -0.2202. (8) CO vs. PM2.5, which is moderate (positive) related, R2 = 0.1043, R = 0.3230. (9) CO is highly (positive) related to PM10, R2 = 0.6648, R = 0.8154. 2. The ability of Baihejing to purify various pollutants in different spaces (1) Residential space：The ability of Baihejing to purify CO, CO2, HCHO and TVOC is -0.1308, -13.1480, -0.0029, -0.0053, respectively. (2) Public space：The ability of Baihejing to purify CO, CO2, HCHO and TVOC is -0.0132, -2.3681, -0.0002, -0.0015, respectively. (3) Parking space：The ability of Baihejing to purify CO, CO2, HCHO, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 is -0.0330, -1.5604, -0.0002, -0.0002, -0.0824, -0.2912, respectively. Keywords：Super High Building ,Air Quality, Public Space
46
Knoespel, Paul David. "Indoor air quality modeling." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/22573183.html.
Повний текст джерела
47
HSU, MENG-CHUN, and 許孟群. "Indoor Air Quality Monitoring System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4wk8f9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
資訊工程系
106
In recent years, air pollution has become a topic of concern. In particular, changes in the lifestyle of the general public in the past 30 years, make people spend 80% of their time in the indoor environment every day. The quality of indoor air quality directly affects environmental comfort and human health. However, existing air quality monitoring systems can only provide large areas and cannot provide local areas, such as air sensing data of public rooms. This paper uses the campus environment as the field. Integration of PM2.5, CO2, temperature and humidity sensors, LoRa/WiFi transmission interface, MQTT/Node Red, Line BOT and Mongo DB in this system. Realize campus indoor air quality monitoring system, instantly sense air information in each classroom, instant display and postback to cloud database. Users can use the Line software or web interface to instantly learn relevant information, In addition to the relevant sensing, the subsequent system will incorporate feedback control for air quality in the field. Automatically start relative facilities to provide a comfortable/safe learning environment.
48
Rhodes, Joshua Daniel. "Indoor air quality in retail stores." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Retail stores are understudied given the energy, occupant health, and potential sales impacts associated with poor indoor air quality (IAQ). There is also evidence of elevated pollutants in retail environments. This thesis is an exploration of the indoor air quality of retail stores. The first section of this thesis is a literature review on field investigations of the indoor air quality in retail buildings. Sixteen investigations report different measurements in 17 specific types of retail environments. Measurements vary depending on the specific investigation, but include VOCs, SVOCs, particles, microbiological species, and radon. When reported, indoor to outdoor ratios of almost all pollutants are greater than unity, suggesting the importance of indoor sources in retail environments. The second section of this thesis is an analysis of the whole store net emission factor for different retail environments. From the types of pollutants found in the retail store investigations, VOCs were the only pollutant group studied frequently enough to merit this analysis. The final section is an analysis of the potential for pollutant remediation strategies. Two methods, increasing air change rate and air cleaning, are considered with an analysis of the energy penalties associated with each.text
49
Brauer, Michael, Angelo Kouris, Ron Booth, and Ryan Mulligan. "Indoor air quality in ice arenas." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/879.
Повний текст джерела
50
Yu-Sung, Chen, and 陳育松. "Comparison of the air quality pollution index with the revised air quality index." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18713207558590010402.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士東海大學
環境科學系
92
Abstract The Air Quality Index is the only way for common people to recognize the seriousness of air pollution. Recently, due to a dramatic increase in the number of people subject to irritation, the current PSI (Pollution standard Index), which only reflects the major pollutants, could not provide the sufficient information. Currently Taiwan is using the old American PSI system. However, the United States of America has already adopted the new system which is called AQI (Air Quality Index). The major difference between PSI and AQI is the inclusion of suspended of particles, PM2.5, and a selection method of either 8 hours or 1 hours during increased O3 periods. The aim of this research has applied RAQI together with the Environmental Protection Section’s Air Quality monitoring data in order to provide Taiwan’s real air quality condition. The major purpose of this research is to discuss the priority assessment method of air pollution quality by using the Revised Air Quality Index (RAQI) in order to establish on objective and sensible evaluation procedure, and also to compare and contrast the difference between PSI and AQI and its feasibility and effectiveness for Taiwan in order to clearly understand the current air quality situation. The study result, which is based on the five Taiwan monitor stations, shows that southern Taiwan’s suspended particulates have significantly greater impact than in central and northern areas, and Taiwan’s PM2.5/PM10 index is higher than that of other countries. However, in regard to O3, different time intervals were adopted in different areas, and time some giving an 8-hr average and some 1-hr, resulting in indexes ranging 101 to 150, higher for 1-hr than for 8-hr. Moreover, comparing each RAQI, PSI and AQI has shown that a high pollution area has significant difference from others, and also more varied detrimental pollutants appeared. Furthermore, RAQI has more wide coverage and an effectively distinguish high and low pollution air quality events.