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1
Furman, Anatoliy. "Methodological reconstruction of system-thought-activity approach to understanding consciousness." Psihologìâ ì suspìlʹstvo 1, no. 83 (March 30, 2021): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/pis2021.01.005.
Анотація:
The goal of the proposed study is a radical reorganization on a cyclical-deed basis of the stages of the historical formation of methodological concept of consciousness in the theory of activity and STA(system-thought-activity)-methodology as a well-known domestic philosophical trend of the second half of the XX century. (G.P. Shchedrovitsky and his school). The process of updating the principles and norms of the STA-approach to understanding the category and mechanism of consciousness became possible due to metatheoretical guidance in its interpretation as an attributive invariant-way of human existence in interpenetration and unity of its modalities such as noumenal and phenomenal, transcendent and immanent, unknowable and cognizable, speechless and speechful, indefinite (unnamed) and signified (named). To solve this supertask, three search steps were performed, which reveal as the author’s vision of the problematic context of philosophical methodologization in working with consciousness and the main modes of its comprehension (consciousness-phenomenon, consciousness-noumen, consciousness-category, conscious experience, consciousness of being) in the format of integral directions of philosophy development (ontology, metaphysics, phenomenology, polymethodology), as well as principles, conditions and features of system-thought-activity ideas about consciousness as a conceptual means of methodological work and intellectual basis and, at the same time a resource of collective and individual thinking activity. First of all, starting from the reasoned distinction of two research strategies of cognition-construction of reality (scientific-natural and metaphysical), which form essentially different ontological pictures of consciousness, it is concluded about the extensiveness and even deadlock of the first and heuristics and productivity of the second. The last one requires not only the critical-reflexive usage of the existing scope of philosophical knowledge, but also the implementation of competent philosophical methodologization on the way to creating a metatheory of consciousness. In fact, such work, within the defined range of goals and tasks and carried out in the format of this study: according to the principle of quintessence, the optimal number of modes of consciousness understanding is singled out, where each of them is subject to meta-description by definition, essential features and functional characteristics, and constructed a fivefold thought-scheme, which in the post-non-classical style mutually reconciles these understanding modes. In the main part of the semantic metaconsideration of the raised methodological issues it is proved that the cultural achievements of STA-methodology in comprehension of the resource potential of human consciousness are unique, firstly, considering the departure of its representatives from the scientific-subject consideration of the phenomenon of consciousness, and the implementation of a purely methodological approach, secondly, considering the peculiarities of their advocated way of using the category of consciousness, namely as a conceptual means, thought-toolkit. Yes, there is every reason to believe that G.P. Shchedrovitskiy and his circle members carried out a full-fledged act of collective thinking activity, particularly in joint understanding work with the sphere of consciousness, which we reconstructed at the stages of canonical thinking-deed: 1) s i t u a t i o n a l stage – conceptual and categorical elaboration of the problem of consciousness is carried out on the achievements of logic, and later methodology, with their main subject – thinking and setting for the creation of its content-genetic theory by means of activity approach; 2) m o t i v a t i o n a l – consciousness, starting from the generalizations of the cultural-historical theory of the development of higher psychic functions of L.S. Vygotskiy, was comprehenced as an intellectual means of domestication and socialization of the person through the mastery of signs as an instrument of determining influence of intersubjective cooperation with others as opposed to the secondary value of knowledge, the functionalities of consciousness; 3) a c t i o n – a wide sign-instrumental use of the concept and category of consciousness in collective and individual thinking activity, especially in such conceptual organizations as “scoreboard of consciousness”(the flow of consciousness, which is intended for both objective actions and on knowledge), “mechanisms of consciousness” (generate thinking in sensual form as images or objective perceptions, or sign form), “pure consciousness” (spontaneous, meaningless, unstructured, self-causal – independent of the experience of sensual perception, from the action of any empiricism), “organized consciousness” (rhythmically balanced in functioning, filled with psychocultural formations, although not durable, fluid, requires considerable internal (motivational, intellectual, volitional, etc.) efforts of the person for its maintenance, harmonization of all available material which has got to its spherical flow of life), herewith pure consciousness, organizing, loses its spontaneity, is freed; 4) a f t e r-a c t i o n – substantiation of reflexivity as one of the main determinants of the cooperation effectiveness of several acts of activity, and at the same time maturity and perfection of consciousness; reflection is responsible for the organization of consciousness, which, however, itself structurally determines the reality of reflection; only in the reflexively enriched, thought-communicative organizational space of methodological seminars and sessions, organizational and organizational-action games do the functionalities of consciousness find their sign-semantic shelter, witness settlement (primarily in texts, formulas, schemes, models, drawings).
2
Bostock, William Walter. "Boulding’s Psychic Capital: The Linking of Individual and Collective Identities." Buletin Psikologi 29, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/buletinpsikologi.55083.
Анотація:
The purpose of this article is to establish that Kenneth E. Boulding, an economist whose work also encompassed many other disciplines, provided a valuable insight within the study of psychology. Boulding observed that while in an economic unit there is a store of financial capital which is necessary for continued existence, also in human nature there is a need for a reserve of psychic capital that is vital for the mental health of the individual and society. Psychic capital does this by providing a link consisting of positive feelings shared between the individual and the larger grouping. Boulding proposed that a coherent body of thoughts, memories, and emotions may be shared between individual and collective minds as shared psychic capital. Finally, some present-day examples are given whereby the consequences of a loss of psychic capital have been observed with particular emphasis on collective depression and suicide.
3
Luci, Monica. "The psychic skin between individual and collective states of mind in trauma." Journal of Psychosocial Studies 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/147867321x16098253250019.
Анотація:
This article attempts to develop an argument about a relationship between the individual intra-psychic functioning and the social and political life in trauma. This relationship, it is argued, is mediated by the skin and sensations related to touch and the imagination of it. The deepest transformations of the individual self and a group’s political and social life seem to go through a rearrangement of the psychic skin as a means of development. Three examples show how the psychic skin operates at the point of intersection between the individual and group states of mind reshaping the individual self and group identity. One example is about the relationship between the fascist architecture in the city of Rome and the 1930s fascist political project of shaping a ‘New Man’; another is my understanding of the post-traumatic suffering and changes of my refugee patients who have survived torture, which is a trauma inflicted by a collective; and third, it is an hypothesis of the role which the Western Wall in Jerusalem had in reshaping Israeli identities on the backdrop of traumatic history and wider tensions of two peoples on that disputed territory.
4
Haslam, Nick, and Melanie J. McGrath. "The Creeping Concept of Trauma." Social Research: An International Quarterly 91, no. 1 (March 2024): 311–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sor.2024.a923123.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT: Over the past century the concept of trauma has substantially broadened its meanings in academic and public discourse. We document four directions in which this semantic expansion has occurred at different times: from somatic to psychic, extraordinary to ordinary, direct to indirect, and individual to collective. We analyze these expansions as instances of "concept creep," the progressive inflation of harm-related concepts, and present evidence for the rising cultural salience and semantic enlargement of trauma in recent decades. Expansive concepts of trauma may have mixed blessings for personal and collective identity.
5
Wojtczak, Sylwia. "Co zrobić z bestią? Metafora jako narzędzie kategoryzacji niektórych ludzi na przykładzie ustawy z dnia 22 listopada 2013 r. o postępowaniu wobec osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi stwarzających zagrożenie życia, zdrowia lub wolności seksualnej innych osób." Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna 5, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 88–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/fped.2016.5.1.5.
Анотація:
The paper is to show the consequences of using in public and legal discourse some expressions, which disseminate certain metaphors in the individual and collective cognition. The analysed example is the expression ‘the act about the beasts’ used widely in Poland towards an act of 22 of November 2013 abouta procedure towards persons with psychic disorders resulting a risk for life, health and sexual freedom of other persons. Such an identification of the act has been a realization of the metaphor PERSON WITH PSYCHIC DISORDERS RESULTING A RISK FOR LIFE, HEALTH AND SEXUAL FREEDOM OF OTHER PERSONS IS A BEAST. This metaphor may be a psychological means to facilitate dehumanized perception of certain human beings.
6
Zografova, Yolanda. "DIVERSITY, EUROPEAN IDENTITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE." Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century 7, no. 1 (December 15, 2013): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/ppc/13.07.04.
Анотація:
The wide range of transformations subsequent to the enlargements of the European community reverberate in all important spheres of the way of life. The individual and social psychic experience the important influence of the enlargement processes and so do the interhuman, intergroup and cross-cultural relations. To a mutual intergroup tolerance and the lacking conflicts integration of foreign citizens, of immigrants and refugees in a certain country, lead the importance of a collective European identity and the formation of commonly shared values, norms and rules. This is found to be a controversial and uneasy process. Social knowledge and social psychology in particular could help elaborate new models of relations on a supra-individual level directed toward research on collective phenomena through interdisciplinary approach.
7
Sheehi, Stephen. "Psychoanalysis under Occupation: Nonviolence and Dialogue Initiatives as a Psychic Extension of the Closure System." Psychoanalysis and History 20, no. 3 (December 2018): 353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2018.0273.
Анотація:
This article examines how ‘dialogue initiatives’ function as the psychic extension of Israel's Apartheid closure system and as an act of ‘extractive introjection.’ The article pays particular critical attention to the political and psychological fallacies offered by the theoretical concept (or phantasy) of ‘third space,’ which purportedly provides a possibility for ‘co-created’ space that extricates victim and victimized from their binary relationship. Rather, the author proposes that ‘third space’ facilitates Israelis’ theft of Palestinian individual and collective psychic life. In response, the author posits that sumud, or acts of refusal and ‘stalwartness,’ functions as a psychological means of defending against these assaults within the dehumanizing spatial, material, and social realities of Israel's closure system in the West Bank and Gaza.
8
Malej, Izabella. "Błok i Jung: inflacja ego („Wiersze o Przepięknej Pani”)." Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, no. 14 (November 22, 2021): 109–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3143.si.2021-14.5.
Анотація:
According to depth psychology, whose pioneer is C.G. Jung, inflation is an emotional state, most often triggered by a dream, manifested by an increase in sexual urge, a feeling of higher energy, power and fascination. Ego inflation can have a dual effect on the individual who experiences it: positive, which is associated with the possibility of establishing contact with archetypes as elements of the collective unconscious, and negative, leading to a sense of possession. In both cases, which often occur together, the key to understanding this unique state of psychic energy is contact with symbols, previously latent in the psychic genotype. In the creative process, as well as in crucial moments of life, the ego acquires the special privilege of insight into the unrecognised realms of the unconscious, which leads to a kind of emotional explosion, a feeling of ecstasy. The ego of the creator, stunned by new possibilities and filled with psychic energy, undergoes excessive growth, “swelling”. Carl Jung calls this state being possessed by the unconscious complex. In the case of Alexander Blok, one can speak of being possessed by the archetype of the Eternal Feminine – Anima, which is proven in the cycle Verses About the Beautiful Lady (1901–1902). The symbol of the Beautiful Lady unites within its archetypal structure various kinds of psychological oppositions (consciousness and unconsciousness, inner woman and inner man, ecstasy and fear). The Beautiful Lady as the numinous element of the poet’s psychic structure acquires the status of an energetic dominant or the centre of the unconscious.
9
Zavadska, Galina. "THE TECHNOLOGY OF DEVELOPING HARMONIC HEARING." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (July 24, 2015): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2014vol2.647.
Анотація:
In Latvia, the development of harmonic hearing takes an important place in the process of training pre-service music teachers, because a music teacher is a conductor of a school choir or a conductor of some other choir collective. The issues relating to the system of properties of harmonic musical hearing have been highlighted in a range of scientific works by different authors (Teplov, 1947; Sloboda, 1988; Petrushin, 1997). However, at present the understanding of the nature and ways of developing harmonic hearing is sometimes quite controversial. This, first of all, can be attributed to the complexity of the interrelations between harmonic hearing and general psychic processes: perception, presentation, reproduction, memory, and thinking. The interconnectedness of general human and specific, individual qualities makes this problem difficult to study. The solution of the problem is made difficult by the fact that a collective teaching at sol-fa classes in a higher education establishment often conflicts with learners’ individual peculiarities and problems of developing their harmonic hearing. Within the frame of the case study the technology of developing harmonic hearing based on the strategy of experiential learning (model by David Kolb, 1984) has been worked out. The presented technology is grounded on individual students’ learning styles and on the author’s model of developing harmonic hearing (Zavadska, 2012b).
10
Magnus, Erica W. "The Emergence of Theatrical Praxis as a Mediative Technology for Individual Consciousness." Kronoscope 13, no. 1 (2013): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-12341263.
Анотація:
Abstract Most theatre histories attest the seemingly sudden appearance in ancient Greece of a theatrical form in full bloom. If, as critic Joseph Frank suggests, major changes in aesthetic forms “always involve major changes in the sensibility of a particular cultural period,” the emergence of a new aesthetic form leads us to examine the historical record for transitions of some magnitude. The 5th century BCE was a period of radical change, particularly with regard to ideas about time. I propose that western theatre emerged in answer to psychic needs engendered by the new experience of time in the 5th century BCE. Through performance and the thematic concerns of the plays, the time and space of individual life was measured in relation to the demands of collective and cosmic concerns. I contend that theatrical praxis is, in Foucault’s phrase, a “technology of the self ” through which human beings learn the parameters of identity and personal agency.1
11
Gallo, Simona. "Sinophone verses from lyrical (e)scapes: an account of poetics and poïesis in distress." Altre Modernità, no. 28 (November 30, 2022): 286–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2035-7680/19132.
Анотація:
The initial outburst of the pandemic, in early 2020, forced China and the rest of the world into seclusion, anxiety, social alienation. In the Sinosphere, a human response to the aporia of isolation is the lyrical production, a prosperous literary activity through which the individual gives shape to a collective consciousness.
The present paper examines a collection of Sinophone verses sprung from the Covid-19 threat and dismay, as a psychic necessity to re-organize the perception of the outer world. Specifically, it studies a body of fifty-two poems composed by twelve lyrical Sinophone voices, published in Chinese in a spring number of the respected literary journal Jintian 今天. This investigation primarily focuses on the cultural, aesthetic, and psychological value of a lyrical polyphony embodied by unchained Sinophone voices, which sing against the background of a common predicament. In parallel, it reads the collection as a collective memory and a cultural repository, engendered by a narrative projection of experience: to that end, it combines a narratological approach with the observation of certain lyrical features of a “poetics of distress”.
12
Dragonas, Thalia. "Golden Dawn through a psychosocial lens." Historein 15, no. 2 (July 17, 2016): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/historein.317.
Анотація:
The economic and sociopolitical factors related to the current Greek crisis are translated into intrapsychic and interpersonal mechanisms in order to explain the political phenomenon of Golden Dawn. I draw on psychoanalytic concepts to reflect on how the crisis has functioned as a mechanism for the production and control of individual and collective subjectivities. I argue that the crisis has created immense insecurity and has fuelled feelings of desperation, fear and anger. For some, these feelings have been displaced onto a substitute reality offered by a transcendent group represented by Golden Dawn; personal boundaries have loosened, and subjectivities have been absorbed by a large, collective “false self”. At the centre of the notion of this substitute reality is the fantasy of omnipotence, channelled through the mechanism of projection onto the leader of the group. History is used and misused in order to cement the psychic life of the group and as a compensatory mechanism for the felt national shame. Moreover, collective denigration, or even extinction, of immigrants serves to displace negative feelings and impulses onto the “other”. I borrow Freud’s contention that when evil is not condemned, raw and wild impulses are let loose –hence, the assassination of a leftwing rapper that has landed Golden Dawn in court.
13
Peruzzi, Marco. "The Protection of Platform Work in the Perspective of EU Law, between Individual and Collective Rights." European Business Law Review 33, Issue 7 (December 1, 2022): 1109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2022048.
Анотація:
From the perspective of labour law, the analysis of the topic of digital platforms focuses on the reconstruction of the protections applicable to platform work, which requires a distinction between individual and collective rights, i.e. between the question of the enforceability of individual rights provided by law in the employment relationship and the question of the recognition of collective rights that may allow for the introduction of rules throughout a negotiation process and the conclusion of collective agreements. The aim of this essay is to address the issue of the protection of platform work on both sides of individual and collective rights, from the perspective of European Union law and in the light of some useful insights from Italian case law and legislative interventions. This will help to understand the importance of the regulatory initiatives proposed and launched on this issue by the European Commission in 2021. European Union, Labour law, competition law, digital platform, platform work, worker, self-employed persons, collective agreements, data processing, private international law.
14
Kaës, René. "Alliances inconscientes et pacte dénégatif dans les institutions." Revue de psychothérapie psychanalytique de groupe 13, no. 1 (1989): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rppg.1989.1036.
Анотація:
Uncounscious alliances and pacts of denial within institutions. Unconscious alliances are those psychical formations related to the bond created -as an effect of each subjects' unconscious within an inter-subjective whole-among the subjects themselves and within the relation¬ ship of each to the whole that they make up. These alliances describe the co-repressive function exercised by the collective entity (couple , group, institution) in its relation to repression within the individual subject. They open the door to the analysis of the role of the unconscious of an Other which is more than singular inside the psychic space of the subject. Three types of unconscious alliance are proposed and examined through the analysis of a couple and an institution : the community of the renuncia¬ tion of instinct (S. Freud), the narcissistic contract (P. Aulagnier), the pact of denial (R. Kaës).
15
Dieterich, Max, Adrian Dragu, Angrit Stachs, and Johannes Stubert. "Clinical Approaches to Breast Reconstruction: What Is the Appropriate Reconstructive Procedure for My Patient." Breast Care 12, no. 6 (2017): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000484926.
Анотація:
Breast reconstruction after breast cancer is an emotional subject for women. Consequently, the correct timing and surgical procedure for each individual woman are important. In general, heterologous or autologous reconstructive procedures are available, both having advantages and disadvantages. Breast size, patient habitus, and previous surgeries or radiation therapy need to be considered, independent of the chosen procedure. New surgical techniques, refinement of surgical procedures, and the development of supportive materials have increased the general patient collective eligible for breast reconstruction. This review highlights the different approaches to immediate breast reconstruction using autologous or heterologous techniques.
16
Hollander, Philip. "Rereading “Decadent” Palestinian Hebrew Literature: The Intersection of Zionism, Masculinity, and Sexuality in Aharon Reuveni's ‘Ad Yerushalayim." AJS Review 39, no. 1 (April 2015): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009414000622.
Анотація:
This article asserts that politics motivated Aharon Reuveni to employ representations of psychic fragmentation and dysfunctional social institutions to portray Palestinian Jewish life in his novelistic trilogy‘Ad Yerushalayim. These purportedly decadent representations helped him foreground individual and collective flaws he saw limiting the early twentieth-century Palestinian Jewish community's development and promote norms he saw as conducive to growth. Thus, as examination of the trilogy's central male figures demonstrates, Reuveni advances a Zionist masculinity grounded in introspectiveness and ongoing commitment to the achievement of communally shared goals. To further support this Zionist masculine form, the trilogy categorizes men who pursue homosocial ties with others who don't maintain this masculinity as homosexuals. Thus gender and sexuality are used to coerce male readers into adopting specific behavioral norms. This attention to gender and sexuality's role in early twentieth-century Palestinian Hebrew fiction offers a way to grasp its long-overlooked political character.
17
Mukherjee, Ankhi. "Fissured Skin, Inner-Ear Radio, and a Telepathic Nose: The Senses as Media in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children." Paragraph 29, no. 3 (November 2006): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/prg.2007.0006.
Анотація:
This essay brings the postcolonial novel in relation with an often-overlooked but rich resource: the embedded, materialist figurations of psychoanalysis. It examines Salman Rushdie's use of the alternative register of sensory perception in Midnight's Children to piece together an extant self that corresponds both actively and passively to the new historical and political realities of the subcontinent. In doing so, however, the essay moves beyond critical commonplaces about Rushdie's magical realism and revisionary historiography to align his æsthetic instead to the media conditions under which Freud worked, the emergent ideas of transference and telepathy, and the resultant imperatives of Freudian psychoanalysis. The capaciousness and indeterminate logic of Midnight's Children can be read as those of an analytic medium which indiscriminately receives psychic material, both individual and collective. The narrator, like Freud's analyst, is idealized as amedia technology who/which (imperfectly) reconstructs a story from the derivatives of the national unconscious.
18
Soares, Lucas. "Stasis del alma y psicologización de la política en República IV." Elenchos 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/elen-2014-350204.
Анотація:
AbstractIn Republic 436a-c Plato introduces, for the first time, the problematic postulate of the tripartition of the species-functions of the soul to pass on to justify it by starting from the so-called “Principle of conflict” or “of the impossibility of opposites”. To reach this point in the dialogue, we will firstly place this passage in the conceptual architecture of the work, taking the topic of stasis (sedition, revolt, civil war) as the thread for the reconstruction of the argumentative sequence that leads into the psychological model of the parts in conflict. We actually start from the hypothesis that Plato gets to the tripartition of the soul from the evidence that in the psychological reality of the individual there exists a stasis that is produced in the soul due to injustice, contrasting to the concord and friendship that is a result of justice. On the basis of the psychological model of the parts in conflict, the psycho-political objective looked for in Republic, points to the achievement of the psychic unity as a condition for the political unity; since Plato’s political objective is to make citizens become better, which can only be reached through an improvement of the individual soul. Through the topic of stasis and the lexis of the conflict that derives from it, we uphold that Plato intends to prove not only the political and tripartite constitution of the soul, but first and foremost the priority that the psychic tripartition holds over the political order.
19
Bolívar, Antonio, Jesús Domingo, and Purificación Pérez-García. "Crisis and Reconstruction of Teachers’ Professional Identity: The Case of Secondary School Teachers in Spain." Open Sports Sciences Journal 7, no. 1 (November 28, 2014): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01407010106.
Анотація:
While the teachers’ identity crisis is a recurring dilemma, it has acquired its own set of characteristics at the end of modernity. In addition, there are characteristics specific to secondary school teachers in Spain. Therefore, this topic must be placed within the broader framework of the modernity crisis and the academic community. From a narrative-biographical perspective, identities are constructed within a socialization process, like a story. This article describes the design of a study on the professional identity crisis of secondary school teachers in Spain. The study sequentially combines different individual interviews and focus groups. The research can be considered a collective case study, a multiple case study (individual interviews), and a greater collective study (focus groups). Finally, this article presents some of the study’s main conclusions. Identity is crucial to how teachers construct the nature of their work on a daily basis (motivation, satisfaction and competence). Therefore, and given the current crisis, it is necessary to evaluate alternative discourses that can lead to better school systems and a reconstruction of teachers’ identity in the academic community.
20
Davidson, Jacob D., Matthew M. G. Sosna, Colin R. Twomey, Vivek H. Sridhar, Simon P. Leblanc, and Iain D. Couzin. "Collective detection based on visual information in animal groups." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, no. 180 (July 2021): 20210142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0142.
Анотація:
We investigate key principles underlying individual, and collective, visual detection of stimuli, and how this relates to the internal structure of groups. While the individual and collective detection principles are generally applicable, we employ a model experimental system of schooling golden shiner fish ( Notemigonus crysoleucas ) to relate theory directly to empirical data, using computational reconstruction of the visual fields of all individuals. This reveals how the external visual information available to each group member depends on the number of individuals in the group, the position within the group, and the location of the external visually detectable stimulus. We find that in small groups, individuals have detection capability in nearly all directions, while in large groups, occlusion by neighbours causes detection capability to vary with position within the group. To understand the principles that drive detection in groups, we formulate a simple, and generally applicable, model that captures how visual detection properties emerge due to geometric scaling of the space occupied by the group and occlusion caused by neighbours. We employ these insights to discuss principles that extend beyond our specific system, such as how collective detection depends on individual body shape, and the size and structure of the group.
21
Yakoviyk, Ivan, Kateryna Yefremova, and Evgen Novikov. "Economic security and the role of collective West in the post-war recon struction of Ukraine." Law and innovations, no. 2 (38) (June 24, 2022): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2022-2(38)-2.
Анотація:
Problem setting. Although the outcome of the Russian-Ukrainian war is uncertain, it is necessary to start thinking about the future reconstruction of Ukraine. The paper examines issues related with the complex of problems connected with the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine and the participation of the collective West, which means a set of countries (USA, EU member states, Canada, Scandinavian countries) participating in Euro-Atlantic integration. In this article, we use previous experience of post-war reconstruction of Western Europe (for example, the Marshall Plan after World War II). We set out the key principles of international cooperation in the renovation of the Ukrainian economics and the state as a whole, as well as the role of individual subjects of international law in this process. The paper is intended to involve foreign and domestic lawyers in a discussion on a wider range of issues, which will include further and more detailed analysis of the best ways to rebuild Ukraine after the war. Analysis of resent researches and publications. The idea of developing a European plan for the reconstruction of Ukraine (“Marshall Plan for Ukraine”) began to be discussed after the Revolution of Dignity. However, it has not been the subject of serious research. The situation changed after Russia declared war on Ukraine. As Ukraine has a chance to win the war, the leaders of the United States, the European Union and Ukraine are discussing the possible content of a “New European Plan for Ukraine.” However, today, both in Ukraine and abroad, this issue is dominated by journalistic publications, which determines the relevance and practical significance of the development of the problem. Target of research is to reveal the content, main directions of participation of international financial institutions and individual states in the reconstruction of Ukraine after the war. Article’s main body. The article considers the problem of determining the content of the “New European Plan for Ukraine” in relation to the postwar period. The uniqueness of the plan to restore the Ukrainian economy is emphasized. The steps of international financial institutions and individual countries regarding the revival of Ukraine during and after the war are analyzed. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The conclusion that grants should make up a large share of foreign aid flows in the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is substantiated. An important step in Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction should be the write-off of foreign debt, or at least part of it, by foreign financial institutions, primarily the IMF and the World Bank, as an important and necessary sign of genuine solidarity of the international community. Emphasis is placed on the special role of the United States and the European Union in the postwar reconstruction of Ukraine, in particular on the issue of writing off Ukraine’s foreign debt.
22
Santana dos Santos, Ana Dulce, Silvio Arcanjo Matos Filho, Ricardo Souza Evangelista Sant'Ana, Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira Souza, Zulmerinda Meira Oliveira, and Octávio Muniz da Costa Vargens. "Pleasure and suffering in the work of palliative oncology nurses: A reflective discursive presentation." International Health Trends and Perspectives 2, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/ihtp.v2i2.1547.
Анотація:
In palliative care, nursing work is characterized by the concept of suffering as nurses cope with not only the death of patients, but also challenges with interacting with families. This suffering however, if offset by the concept of pleasure, as patients find meaning in illness, pain, and in the acceptance of death as a natural process, which generates pleasure. This reflective discursive presentation is based on the theoretical framework of Dejours’ psychodynamics of work and highlights the area of palliative oncology nursing as a source of suffering and pleasure. The daily life of palliative oncology nurses, subjectivity at work, and constant interactions between psychic, social, individual, and collective factors are discussed. In their clinical practice, palliative oncology nurses break with the prescribed way of engaging in care while building on various meanings of work that transforms and is also transformed. Considerations related to the need for teaching and research activities to examine pleasure and suffering in palliative oncology nursing is presented.
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Warden, Clyde A., Stephen Chi-Tsun Huang, Wan-Hsuan Yen, and Judy F. Chen. "The Tao of consumption: private self in a collective culture." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 31, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 756–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-06-2020-0135.
Анотація:
PurposeCollectivism in service research is so bound with Asian cultures as to risk being overly deterministic. Contesting this stereotype, this paper surfaces the individualistic consumption facets of consumers within a collectivist cultural setting, describing the compensating role servicescapes may play and the service marketing opportunities they present.Design/methodology/approachWithin a Chinese cultural research frame, a qualitative grounded approach is adopted that surfaces subconscious metaphors of private consumption through photo elicitation, deep psychological metaphor elicitation and triangulated with field observation.FindingsIndividuals within a collectivist culture do actively seek private psychic space to regenerate the self and prepare for social obligations heavily influenced by Confucian norms. Servicescapes play an important role in private consumption as they provide both a physical and mental oasis of privacy not easily obtainable in regular life and work.Practical implicationsService providers could offer East Asian consumers a package that includes the individual aspect of their value system, whenever and however they see suitable. More specifically, servicescapes can be designed to provide services that facilitate consumer restoration by implementing the mental metaphors consumers of have this process.Social implicationsA stereotype of a consumption has grown around Chinese consumers that while not totally false, misses a vital aspect of human values and risks missing profitable market niches. Consideration of the whole person's collective-individualistic cycle benefits both the consumer and the business.Originality/valueMoving beyond a one-dimensional description of East Asian consumer behavior, focused on collective values, we show the key role servicescapes play in private consumption. A psychological renewal of the self, in preparation to re-enter the collective, show the multiple aspects of Asian consumers.
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Rouchy, Jean-Claude. "Identité culturelle et groupe d’appartenance." Revue de psychothérapie psychanalytique de groupe 9, no. 1 (1987): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rppg.1987.969.
Анотація:
Cultural identity and the belonging group. Research into the cultural foundations of psychic structure must take place simultaneously at the individual, group and psycho-social level of analysis. Identity, as both an individual and a collective phenomenon, and the primacy of the group dimension become manifest in the imaginary space created by groups, exactly as Bion pointed out in reference to the protomental system. The cultural incorporates work like reflexes in the soma and found the synchrony of all interactions taking place within the same culture. Individuation, which always remains unfinished, would thus emerge from the shared common base (which is of a fusional and non-mental character) existing in the form of the individual’s internalisation of the belonging group of which he is a part. A distinction is drawn between primary belonging groups, which are “natural” in so far as they are extensions of family structure, and which supply the matrix of the group’s cultural indentity, determining the limits of the individual and group realms, and secondary belonging groups, which are “instituted” and bring people together. The relationship between trans-cultural experiences, aiming at achieving unity, and inter-cultural experiences, which recognize limits and differences is a source of tension for the individual and the group. Examples are given of the function of excitation “screens” within instituted groups and of the cultural dimension of the analytic setting.
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Blagojevic, Marina. "Beyond the spiral of hate: Reconstructing positive memory." Temida 5, no. 4 (2002): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem0204003b.
Анотація:
(Re) construction of positive memory should provide deconstruction of existing, ruling paradigms about Balkan as the space predestinated for "repeating the history" and eternal antagonisms between different ethnic groups. In this way, the basis will be created for establishment of a new paradigm for understanding of the wars in the former Yugoslavia and elsewhere. Also, the process of reconciliation will be strengthened and the sense of our own individual and collective responsibility for "good" instead of "bad" "destiny" will be developed. "Positive history" is necessary element of both self-understanding and the process of creation of individual, collective and regional identity. It is also necessary element for understanding of THE CONTINUUM OF THE GOODNESS, as well as of imperishability of the need for the exchange and cooperation, and therefore for reconciliation and reconstruction.
26
Censi, Martina. "Espace, déplacement et identité dans le roman Amīrkā (2009) de Rabīʿ Ǧābir". Quaderni di Studi Arabi 15, № 1-2 (22 грудня 2020): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667016x-15010219.
Анотація:
Abstract In the novel Amīrkā (2009), the Lebanese novelist Rabīʿ Ǧābir narrates the story of Martha Ḥaddād, a young woman who, in 1913, leaves her village in Mount Lebanon to go to the United States of America. She is in search of her husband who left Lebanon before. The path of Martha is a physical and symbolic displacement from the village of her origins – poor and conservative – to the United States, the “New World” where a new life, rich and prosperous, seems possible. This article focuses on the role of space in shaping individual and collective identities through Martha’s paths of “deterritorialization” and “reterritorialization”. Her experience of displacement in migration is the standpoint for deconstruction and reconstruction of her individual identity which becomes the symbol of the collective search for a Lebanese national identity after the fall of the Ottoman Empire.
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Paikah, Nur, and Marjana Fahri. "LEGAL RECONSTRUCTION OF INHERITED RICE FIELD MANAGEMENT RIGHTS IN BONE, SOUTH SULAWESI." Jurnal Al-Dustur 6, no. 2 (October 28, 2023): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30863/aldustur.v6i2.5141.
Анотація:
The existence of rights to the management of jointly inherited rice fields and the concept of legal reconstruction of the control of inherited rice fields is qualitative research; the approach used is social, legal research, data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study results describe the management of jointly inherited rice fields using three systems: the individual inheritance system, the mayoral inheritance system, and the collective inheritance system, especially in the community where there is a habit of using the collaborative inheritance management system for rice fields. The management of the jointly inherited rice fields still exists where the rice fields are not sold only with an agreement that the inheritance will be received in turn with relatives and become a souvenir from the parents. Conflicts often arise because the collective inheritance system is carried out only verbally. Hence, there is a need for legal reconstruction to make a written agreement involving witnesses and the local government so that no party is harmed.
28
Schmidt, Eva-Maria. "Needing a child to be fulfilled? The relevance of social norms around childbearing desires in collective orientations and individual meanings." Journal of Family Research 36 (January 17, 2024): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/jfr-942.
Анотація:
Objective: This study examines collective orientations and individual meanings regarding a fulfilled life with the aim of answering the questions of which social norms around childbearing become relevant in the biographical fertility decisions of women and men, and how they do so. Background: While the normative expectations of social networks have been found to be highly relevant for individuals who are in the process of deciding for or against childbearing, the findings are inconsistent and fragmented. This study contributes to the knowledge on this topic by examining social norms as normative and empirical expectations. Method: In a qualitative approach, data from five focus groups (n=22) were triangulated with biographical interviews (n=9) with women and men of different ages and different family statuses across Austria. The in-depth analysis facilitated the reconstruction of collective orientations around childbearing desires and individual meanings. Results: The desire for childbearing was identified as a gendered social norm, both in collective orientations and individuals’ meanings, long before and after fertility decisions were made. Strong relationalities to social norms around gendered responsibilities for (expectant) parents also shaped individual desires, particularly women’s. Conclusion: The relationalities of childbearing desires and persistent gendered parenting norms entail gendered challenges. They are related to individual self-optimization and self-responsibility, and have the potential to hamper childbearing decisions.
29
Likhtarev, Ilia A., Vadim V. Chumack, and Victor S. Repin. "Retrospective Reconstruction of Individual and Collective External Gamma Doses of Population Evacuated After the Chernobyl Accident." Health Physics 66, no. 6 (June 1994): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199406000-00004.
30
Lewis, Gail. "In the absence of truth at least not the lie: Travels toward self, other and relatedness." Psychology of Women Section Review 14, no. 1 (2012): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpspow.2012.14.1.33.
Анотація:
One paradoxical effect of feminist, critical race and poststructuralist challenges to the ‘truths’ of race and gender was to afford a redefined politics of presence for those who were often little more than stereotyped cardboard cut-outs constituted through the norms of racalised-gendered intelligibility. The contestation and destablisation of the truths of these norms enabled the emergence of ‘fleshy’ subjects and new forms of knowledge through which to constitute new selves who were concerned with crafting new forms of intersubjective relatedness. Yet this was often, in another paradoxical move, at the expense of the acceptance of the legitimacy of psychic and emotional ‘truths’ grounded in individual and collective experience of the dynamics of race and gender. In this paper I attempt to trace how concepts and approaches taken from post-Kleinian psychoanalytic theory offer a way to afford knowledges grounded in the experiential due epistemological weight and contribute to a nuanced delineation of the grounds of relationality through and upon which ever evolving but in some sense ‘integrated’ selves meet and interact with others.
31
Zelenkova, Tatyana V. "To the Problem of Creating a System-Network Psychological Thesaurus in the Context of Metamodern." Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 44, no. 6 (2023): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020595920029079-2.
Анотація:
The presented article is devoted to the problem of developing a system-network organization of modern concepts of psychology, presented in a series of articles by A.L. Zhuravleva and E.A. Sergienko. The importance of the new approach for the integration of psychological knowledge is emphasized. We analyze the concept of mapping psychic reality presented by the authors from the perspective of the three principles of metamodern. The principles of non-exclusion, holarchic association, inclusion of the subject and the primacy of social practices make it possible to consistently combine the largest number of research positions. We discuss the introduction of new “over-integrated” concepts of individual and collective subjects, which demonstrate, along with “umbrella” concepts, the optimal combination of network and hierarchical approaches. The author notes that the optics of the proposed organization of the conceptual system allows you to take a fresh look at both the known classes of mental phenomena and highlight previously unknown ones. Our main thesis is that the system-network model, while maintaining the principle of historical continuity, has all necessary and sufficient integration qualities.
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Egloff, G., and D. Djordjevic. "Pre- and postnatal psychosocial intervention concepts." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1345.
Анотація:
Psychiatry, psychoanalysis and infant mental health research of the last decades have led to intervention concepts for pre- and postnatal stages of human development. Such concepts reach from how parents-to-be can be prepared for parenthood to how to intervene in support of relation and attachment in infants, toddlers and older children. Especially the postnatal relation of infant and parents has been examined extensively, as have parental competencies. The expression of intuitive parental competencies (according to Papousek and Papousek) may be compromised by diverse factors, thus putting the infant's psychic development at risk in general. Early intervention concepts may help out to some extent. In German-speaking countries, there are intervention programs focusing on bonding as there are on handling, processing of and coping with trauma, on promoting secure attachment between infant and parents, on relational issues, on bodily contact, on understanding the infant's signals, including those of the preterm infant, as well as on educational practices. From prenatal period onwards up to kindergarten age there are structured interventions, including the involvement of parents and parents-to-be. Yet, some factors of psychic development and of pathology may not necessarily be reached by these. Whereas concepts on an individual level of personality education do exist, nevertheless there might have to be collective measures. There seems to be a need to augment the agenda as there is good reason to assume that in the last decades there has been a motion toward new social deprivation stemming from societal depravation processes, which might potentiate future deprivation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Jamili, Leila Baradaran, and Ziba Roshanzamir. "Postmodern Feminism: Cultural Trauma in Construction of Female Identities in Virginia Woolf's The Waves." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.4p.114.
Анотація:
The present article sheds new light on trauma as a devastating phenomenon respecting the construction of male and female characters' identities and reveals reconstruction of male and female identities in Virginia Woolf's (1882-1941) The Waves (1931). Trauma is defined as an unexpected event that leaves the most terrible marks on the person's self, identity, psyche, emotions, beliefs, etc. Individual trauma is diagnosed by the male and female characters' horrendous responses regarded as post-traumatic stress disorder in terms of a distressing recollection of the traumatic occurrence. In contrast, cultural trauma, like patriarchy, gender, or sexual difference which has a horrific influence on cultures, can encompass traumatically the collective identity of male and female characters. In The Waves, the characters such as Rhoda, Jinny, and Susan get involved in the struggle for the self-definition relating to their collective and individual identities, respectively. No wonder, this article exploits an integrated method of feminism and psycho-trauma. It contextualizes the ideologies of postmodern feminist critics, such as Judith Butler (1956-), Helene Cixous (1937-), Cathy Caruth (1955-), and Luce Irigaray (1930-). Woolf, de facto, reveals how trauma as a catastrophe, either individual or collective, affects shockingly male and female characters' identities, so that their physical and psychological responses can be analyzed in terms of diagnosis of the trauma and its aftermath.
34
Ndjalla, Alexandre. "Death of COVID-19, Early Burial and Social Health: Between Preservation of Life and Respect for Culture." Journal of Religious and Cultural Dynamics 1, no. 1 (November 25, 2022): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.58425/jrcd.v1i1.77.
Анотація:
Purpose: Death is a difficult moment which is managed in a particular way at the individual and collective level. It is synonymous with dysfunction at both the family and social levels. As such, a set of regulatory measures is put in place to restore the balance. In Africa and in Cameroon, the organization of funerals is an important moment for the recognition of the person who has left, but also for the members of the family, social and cultural body who remain. Therefore this paper aims to research the perceptions around early burial in context of COVID-19 and the impact on social life.Methodology: To achieve this, the researcher adopted a methodological approach specific to anthropology with field research based on individual interviews.Findings: This shows that burial is a kind of therapy. This organization responds to and is part of a particular care process. The failure to respect the dead is often the source of other problems of social balance and health.Conclusion: With the COVID-19 pandemic, new rules of life and social organization have emerged. And these are also visible and lived in the management of the deaths of this pandemic.Recommendation: It would therefore be important to give families the possibility of carrying out certain rites related to death and burial for the psychic and social balance.
35
Bishoyi, Jatin. "LOKSAMGRAH: AN AFFIRMATIVE THOUGHT FOR SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 4 (April 30, 2017): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4.2017.1817.
Анотація:
For Bhagavad-Gita, both individual and society as a whole is dependent on three principal conditions for their existence such as Niskama karma, Svadharma and Loksamgrah. Loksamgrah is used in a very comprehensive connotation as it not only looks at the collective well-being of this world but the universe as a whole. It is because in Loksamgrah the word ‘Loko’ does not mean only people of this world but all the beings of satyaloka, pitruloka, devaloka, bhurloka and other loka. In Gitarahasya Tilak points out, “The word ‘Loksamgrah’ has been used in the Bhagavad-Gita to mean the maintenance, not only of human beings, but that the human and all others spheres, such as of the Gods etc. should be maintained, and that they should become mutually beneficial”. True to say the recommendation of Loksamgrah on our public life have triggered concerns that public services, ranging from physical world to metaphysical world could become more imperative but in fact, it only would have minimal impact on public life i.e. it only attempts to minimize distress and problems both at individual and society levels. As a whole it could only attempt to inculcate the values of public service and integrity attitude. Radhakrishnan points out that, “Loksamgrah stands for the unity of the world, the interconnectedness of society. If the world is not to sink into a condition of physical misery and moral degradation, if the common life is to be decent and dignified, religious ethics must control social action”.
36
Smith, Kevin Michael. "The Promise of (Un)happiness: 34 Literature and Yi Si-u's Surrealist Poetics in Colonial Korea." positions: asia critique 30, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 653–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-9967292.
Анотація:
Abstract This article examines Korean surrealism—the avant-garde movement most explicitly preoccupied with questions of the psyche and subjectification within an historical context of colonial unfreedom—through attention to the short-lived journal Samsa munhak 三四文學 (34 Literature, 1934–37) and its most representative poet, Yi Si-u 李時雨. Drawing from psychoanalysis and affect theory, it addresses Yi Si-u's scholarly underexamined but substantive meditations on the constitution of the subject, desire, and repression, focusing specifically on the question of (un)happiness and its implications for psychic and political freedom in a colonial climate of despair only partially brightened by the allure of the commodity. The author aims to demonstrate how Yi's surrealist refraction of subjective desire both registers the sociopolitical pressures of his historical context as well as negatively conceptualizes a liberated form of happiness at odds with the standardized variant administered by the hegemonic colonial authority. As such, the dialectical inseparability of collective liberation from psychosocial repression and the individual pursuit of happiness can become legible, an insight that may contribute to current theorizations of affect, commodification, and emancipatory movements.
37
SADAKATA, MAMORU. "Regional Governance: Lessons from European Involvement in Yugoslav Conflicts." Japanese Journal of Political Science 4, no. 2 (November 2003): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109903001130.
Анотація:
The fragmentation of Yugoslavia has wrought extensive political and social change in the Balkans and Europe more generally. After the collapse of communism and the breakup of Yugoslavia, many Balkan countries have transformed their political systems. European states have attempted to engage and manage this breakup on an individual and collective basis. The involvement of the international community, and above all of EU countries adjacent to the Balkans, has greatly influenced processes of conflict resolution and post-conflict reconstruction in the region.
38
Filippidou, Eleni. "The Dance from a Distance. The Pandemic and Its Contribution to Changing the Context of Dance." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 5, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i3.201.
Анотація:
The ethnographic field of this study is the internet and specifically the virtual community called "Online Traditional Dance Seminars". The aim of this research paper is to study the reconstruction of the identity of Greeks involved in the kinetic activity of Greek traditional dance, during the covid-19 pandemic. Netnography was used to collect the data of the research. Oral history was also used as a method, through which everyday memory is projected as a quest of social history. For the presentation and analysis of the data, Geertz's model of "thick description" was adopted. Finally, the interpretation of the data was based on the theoretical visuals of the socio-cybernetic according to the control model of identity (ICT-identity control theory) that Burke proposed, under the terms of Berry's acculturation model. The analysis of the data showed that the traditional dance communities in Greece, in order to maintain the model of their identity, were acculturated and transformed into virtual dance communities, constructing a new identity of their collective and individual self. This new identity did not remain the same, but changed again when the conditions of the pandemic changed. This constant reconstruction of identity justifying the position that both the collective and the individual identity are not permanent, but are adapted according to the environmental conditions, being at the same time a process of interaction and internal control, that is a cybernetic process.
39
Bezdrabko, Valentyna V. "Document, Archive, Memory in the Context of George Orwell’s Literary Heritage." SUMY HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL JOURNAL, no. 33 (2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/shaj.2019.i33.p.5.
Анотація:
The article is devoted to the current topic of modern archival science – preserving the documentary heritage of mankind through information “cumulative” systems, in particular documents and archives. Particular attention is given to the role of the state, the individual, and the society in constituting memory. There are two types of memory: individual and collective, that is, culture. Memory, document, archive – concepts, and categories are polysemantic. Integral, broad-based importance belongs to culture (collective memory), which is seen as the interaction of the contemporary with the past in multifaceted socio-cultural manifestations. Collective memory, like individual memory, has its own traits of identification, serving as traces of the past. Memory is maintained through various forms of social existence (book, document, museum exhibit, antique item, etc.) and institutional cultural systems (museum, archive, library, etc.). The metadiscourse of the study was George Orwell’s “1984” novel Utopia, which uncovers the path of a free-spirited person with a distorted worldview to attempt to protect the memory space in the name of memory of the past and preserve it. The most important condition for an adequate examination of the social significance of documents in order to keep them permanently is to determine the degree of documentation of the reality of social relations, as well as the degree of representation and possible reconstruction, in addition to public memory focused on the life of an individual, and the memory of emotional. The author’s narrative in the form of diaries, memoirs, and letters allows revealing individual impressions of time, each specific epoch in the history of mankind. Everyday life forms an attitude towards documentary heritage at the domestic level, and the sphere of professional activity is an awareness of responsibility for the creation of history in the future on the basis of preserved data on a national, global scale. The influence of the form of government, the level of development of civil society, the degree of freedom, and the will of every citizen on the formation of world memory are also pointed out. Keywords: document, archive, memory, collective memory, individual memory, state, society, George Orwell, “1984”.
40
Iliuk, Oleh. "A PRAGMATIC VERSION OF LIBERALISM AS A METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF THE FREEDOM OF THE VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 42(10-12) (December 24, 2022): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.42(10-12)-7.
Анотація:
A key concept in the pragmatic reconstruction of liberalism is the concept of pragmatic faith: people unite in communities to achieve a new social reality – the one in which they believe – and achieve this goal through their actions under the influence of their faith. William James emphasizes the priority of a person's beliefs over valueless knowledge, John Dewey demonstrates the power of collective efforts in defense of faith in democracy, Richard Rorty proves the right of an individual to embody his faith even against the existing system of social institutions.
41
Sarfati, Raphaël, Julie C. Hayes, Élie Sarfati, and Orit Peleg. "Spatio-temporal reconstruction of emergent flash synchronization in firefly swarms via stereoscopic 360-degree cameras." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 170 (September 2020): 20200179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0179.
Анотація:
During mating season, males of synchronous firefly species flash in unison within swarms of thousands of individuals. These strongly correlated collective displays have inspired numerous mathematical models to explain how global synchronous patterns emerge from local interactions. Yet, experimental data to validate these models remain sparse. To address this gap, we develop a method for three-dimensional tracking of firefly flashes, using a stereoscopic set-up of 360-degree cameras. We apply this method to record flashing displays of the North American synchronous species Photinus carolinus in its natural habitat as well as within controlled environments, and obtain the three-dimensional reconstruction of flash occurrences in the swarm. Our results show that even a small number of interacting males synchronize their flashes; however, periodic flash bursts only occur in groups larger than 15 males. Moreover, flash occurrences are correlated over several metres, indicating long-range interactions. While this suggests emergent collective behaviour and cooperation, we identify distinct individual trajectories that hint at additional competitive mechanisms. These reveal possible behavioural differentiation with early flashers being more mobile and flashing longer than late followers. Our experimental technique is inexpensive and easily implemented. It is extensible to tracking light communication in various firefly species and flight trajectories in other insect swarms.
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NASCIMENTO, Ananda Kenney da Cunha, and Marcus Túlio CALDAS. "Dimensão Espiritual e Psicologia: A Busca pela Inteireza." PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES - Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica 26, no. 1 (2020): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18065/rag.2020v26n1.7.
Анотація:
This article aimed to research the spiritual dimension in psychology from the lines of thought of Viktor Emil Frankl, founder of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis, and Carl Gustav Jung, creator of Analytical Psychology. To do so, we use the bibliographic method, emphasizing the use of the works of the authors and more contemporary interpreters of these authors. Logotherapy excelled for showing to be a therapeutic method structured with goals, procedures and facilitating techniques specifics for the patient who experiences some kind of existential suffering to seek and find meaning. Analytical psychology has showed that the psychotherapy envisions favoring the individual's process of psychic development, that is, awareness of consciousness, through the approach of the ego-Self axis. In this context, it values the influence of the Imago Dei archetype at the collective and individual levels, and the conscious experience of religiosity. Therefore, we conclude that the ideas of Frankl and Jung show more approximations than distances in relation to philosophical influences, the understanding of the importance of the conscious experiences of the human being with religiosity and spirituality in search of integration, unity, and wholeness of his dimensions. Differing in the understanding of the foundation of the spiritual dimension in man.
43
Pokutta, Dalia A., and Evgeny Vdovchenkov. "The Unetice Culture Group in palaeosociological perspective." Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego 41 (2020): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2020.41.3.
Анотація:
Based on the current state of knowledge in research on the Unetice culture in Poland, the article discusses several key issues for the reconstruction of palaeosocial prehistoric societies. Departing from the classical definition of archaeological culture, and basing on the results of e.g. bioarchaeological analyzes, the authors discuss the problems of individual and collective identity in the Early Bronze Age (the so-called opera model), and related issues of territoriality, linguistic community and customs. The article presents, among others, the Unietyce funeral rites as well as the typology and evolution of mounds (the so-called prince burials).
44
Soloviov, O., and O. Litvinova. "“FEAR PSYCHOLOGISTS” AND THE “INFERNALITY” OF AUTOCRATICAL SOCIETY: PSYCHOANALYSIS OF ONE ACCENTUATION." Psychology and Personality, no. 1 (February 23, 2024): 9–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4078.2024.1.298763.
Анотація:
This article is, due to its purpose and its context, which goes beyond psychological problems, although it is based on it, written rather in the style of an essay. This made it possible to describe the phenomenon of “psychologists of fear” and to point out its psycho-social nature, although not with the necessary scrupulousness. The phenomenon of the “psychologist of fear” is considered against the background of modern sociality, which allows us to consider the close, if not to say, inextricable, functional (causal) connection between, on the one hand, the inner-psychic world of a dictator who gains power through a distorted electoral procedure, and, on the other hand, by the subconscious, archetypal, biologically engaged psyche of the “man of the masses”.
It is shown that this interpersonal, functional inseparability of the “grand I” of the dictator and the “collective WE” of the human mass is based, including, and not least, on the archetypes of evil, which in the modern “infernal culture” can be openly imposed, philosophical legitimized in totalitarian societies. The mental “toolkit” is listed, thanks to which the psycho-social phenomenon of evil functions within individual psyches and is integrated into the social phenomenon. It is pointed out the ontological foundations of the phenomenon of evil, which is based on the fundamental ability of a person to subjectively evaluate anything (Soloviov, 2015) and, guided by this evaluation, through his motor (muscular) acts, translate the contents of the individual psyche into the information content of sociality.
45
Zubiaur Gorozika, Nekane Erritte. "La reconstrucción de la memoria contra la irreversibilidad del tiempo. Reescrituras del melodrama en el cine de Juan José Campanella." Signa: Revista de la Asociación Española de Semiótica 28 (June 28, 2019): 1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/signa.vol28.2019.25132.
Анотація:
El artículo analiza la forma en que las películas de Juan José Campanella El mismo amor, la misma lluvia (1999) y El secreto de sus ojos (2009) reformulan algunos de los rasgos principales del melodrama. Ambas películas ponen en escena la reconstrucción de la memoria del personaje, narrada por él mismo, con el objetivo de obtener una segunda oportunidad que le permita recuperar el amor perdido y alcanzar un final feliz. Esta reconstrucción permite además articular un juego reflexivo y metalingüístico en torno a la creación de la ficción y vincular la memoria individual con la memoria histórica y colectiva de Argentina.This article analyzes the way the films by Juan José Campanella Same Love, Same Rain (1999) and The Secret in Their Eyes (2009) reformulate some of the main characteristics of melodrama. Both films show the reconstruction of the main character’s memory, told by himself, in order to earn the opportunity of a second chance, the possibility to recover the lost love and come to a happy end. This reconstruction starts a reflexive and metalinguistic game up around the creation of fiction and links individual memory to the historical and collective memory of Argentina.
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Krahn, Elizabeth. "Transcending the “Black Raven”: An Autoethnographic and Intergenerational Exploration of Stalinist Oppression." Qualitative Sociology Review 9, no. 3 (July 31, 2013): 46–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.9.3.04.
Анотація:
Many of Canada’s aging immigrants were displaced persons in Europe post-WWII and have internalized psychological effects of their traumatic past within a society that tends to marginalize or pathologize them. While early collective trauma literature focuses on individualized, psychotherapeutic approaches, more recent literature demonstrates the importance of externalizing and contextualizing trauma and fostering validating dialogue within families and community systems to facilitate transformation on many levels. My research is an autoethnographic exploration of lifespan and intergenerational effects of trauma perceived by Russian Mennonite women who fled Stalinist Russia to Germany during WWII and migrated to Winnipeg, Canada, and adult sons or daughters of this generation of women. Sixteen individual life narratives, including my own, generated a collective narrative for each generation. Most participants lost male family members during Stalin’s Great Terror, verschleppt, or disappeared in a vehicle dubbed the Black Raven. Survivors tended to privilege stories of resilience – marginalizing emotions and mental weakness. The signature story of many adult children involved their mother’s resilience, suppressed psychological issues, and emotional unavailability. Results underline the importance of narrative exchange that validates marginalized storylines and promotes individual, intergenerational, and cultural story reconstruction within safe social and/or professional environments, thus supporting healthy attachments.
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Lebeau, Vicky. "Feeling Poor: D.W. Winnicott and Daniel Blake." New Formations 96, no. 96 (March 1, 2019): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/newf:96/97.07.2019.
Анотація:
This article draws on Donald Winnicott's understanding of human dependence and Ken Loach's film I, Daniel Blake (2015) to open up a new space between 'psychoanalysis' and 'politics'. Its starting-point is what Stuart Hall has described as the 'ferocious onslaught' on the post-war social-democratic settlement and its initial commitments to the idea of the 'full life' and 'social security for all'. Putting dependence at the heart of human experience, Winnicott's psychoanalysis is especially attuned to the individual and collective harms imposed by this new 'age of austerity'. 'Feeling Poor' explores the structures of material and psychic dispossession at work in contemporary regimes of austerity – in particular, the neoliberal denial of human dependence and vulnerability. What does the neoliberal world, its reformations of the social state, make of the primal situation of dependence – its terrors and dreads as well as its impulses towards culture and community? How might we reconceive vulnerability in solidarity rather than stigma? What might a psychoanalysis attuned to 'dependence as a living fact' contribute to the cultures of protest mobilized through the aesthetics of British social realism? Part of a wider exploration of the question of psychoanalysis and class, this article attempts to think about the symbolic functions of care embedded in the post-war welfare state and engages the potential of Winnicott's psychoanalysis as a means to social critique.
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Tchikine, A. A. "Reading Russian Philosophy and Max Scheler Together: The Problem of the Other I." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 62, no. 2 (May 12, 2019): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2019-62-2-127-141.
Анотація:
The article explores the parallels between the theory of sympathy developed by Max Scheler and the understanding of the foreign I in Russian philosophy. Russian philosophy has been developing the topic of foreign psychic life since the 1880s, and it regards Scheler’s theory as unable to raise above the level of emotional contagion. True sympathy is possible, when the Other is already present to the I, or, according to Nikolay Lossky, there is an original gnoseological difference between “the lived” (perezhivaniye) and “the observed” (predmet nablyudeniya). Russian philosophy emphasizes the hermeneutical aspect of the problem – the original division and the search for understanding, as does Vasily Rozanov, who also shifted the accent from the general to the individual, particular and even intimate. Semyon Frank pointed out that the feelings of another person will only form a shell of meaningless observation, if not connected to the living knowledge through the human ability to resonate with something transcendent. And Russian philosophy assumes the fact of the original collectiveness of consciousness. This is the impulse given to it by the philosophy of Sergei Trubetskoy and developed in the philosophy of Russian neo-Kantianism, with Ivan Lapshin depicting a creative person, taking up the collective function of experimenting over the psyche to create and expand the map of human feelings.
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Dundelová, Jana. "Issues of environmental (ir)responsibility." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 7 (2013): 2085–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072085.
Анотація:
In this paper the author reflects the questions of humans’ relationship to the environment and of their ecological behaviour that becomes together with the development of modern technologies increasingly relevant just as the question whether humans are able to affect fundamentally the environment on the Earth by their activities. According to some authors (e.g. Ehrlich, 1968; Gore, 2006; Wilson, 1995; Winter, Koger, 2009; Šmajs, 2005) human survival is directly connected with people’s relationship to the nature; but other influential authors have contradictory opinions or they are at least afraid of overestimation of ecological activities that can lead to neglecting of other important problems (e.g. Simon, 1981; Goklany, 2007; Lomborg, 2007; Klaus, 2007, 2009).These issues are dealt in this article mainly from the perspective of psychological theories and concepts – the Freud’s concept of unconsciousness is discussed as well as groupthink, theory of dissonance, contingency trap, Milgram’s theory of autonomous and agentic state of consciousness, group and intergroup behaviour, social dilemma – tragedy of the commons. Achieving a sustainable way of life depends on the equilibrium between consumption of individuals and regenerative abilities of the natural environment. However, people still behave as if they were separated from the nature. The linking axis of this article is the question of psychic powers causing individual and collective ecological (ir)responsibility and the resulting consequences.
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Vianna, Monica, and Joana Vilhena Novaes. "COMPULSÃO ALIMENTAR: UMA LEITURA PSICANALÍTICA." POLÊM!CA 19, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/polemica.2019.47387.
Анотація:
Resumo: A alimentação, enquanto um aspecto da vida cotidiana do sujeito, é um veículo de produção de sentido e saúde. De modo que a comensalidade trata de um comportamento coletivo, além de individual. No Brasil, nas últimas décadas, observou-se mudanças significativas nos aspectos subjetivos ligados ao comer. O presente artigo tem como objetivo propor uma reflexão sobre os aspectos psíquicos associados à Compulsão Alimentar, a partir de uma perspectiva teórica psicanalítica. Para tanto, voltamos nosso olhar para os primórdios do desenvolvimento infantil respaldados pelos conceitos de introjeção canibal de Melanie Klein, (1957) e de objeto absolutamente necessário do André Green, (2009). Além disso, aventaremos algumas semelhanças e dissonâncias conceituais entre adição, impulsividade e compulsão, visando aprofundar a compreensão da C.A sob o prisma desses constructos teóricos.Palavras-chave: Corpo. Psicanálise. Adição. Impulsividade. Compulsão alimentar.Abstract: Food, as an aspect of the subject's daily life, is a vehicle of meaning and health production. So that the commensality deals with a collective behavior, besides being individual. In Brazil, in recent decades, there have been significant changes in subjective aspects related to eating. This article aims to propose a reflection on the psychic aspects associated with Eating Compulsion, from a psychoanalytic theoretical perspective. To this end, we turn our gaze to the beginnings of child development backed by the concepts of cannibal intrusion of Melanie Klein, (1957) and an absolutely necessary object of André Green, (2009). In addition, we will make some similarities and conceptual dissonances between addition, impulsivity and compulsion, aiming to deepen the understanding of binge eating from the perspective of these theoretical constructs.Keywords: Body. Psychoanalysis. Addition. Impulsivity. Binge eating.