Статті в журналах з теми "Increased production productivity"
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1
Giovannetti, G., P. Zingari, and P. Terzolo. "EXPLOITATION OF FOREST PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH INCREASED MUSHROOM PRODUCTION." Acta Horticulturae, no. 457 (July 1998): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1998.457.16.
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Singh, Manoj Kumar. "Increased Productivity of Sesame through Improved Production Technologies in Bundelkhand." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 1682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.1601.
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Kurz, Werner A., Graham Stinson, and Greg Rampley. "Could increased boreal forest ecosystem productivity offset carbon losses from increased disturbances?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1501 (November 20, 2007): 2259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2198.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To understand how boreal forest carbon (C) dynamics might respond to anticipated climatic changes, we must consider two important processes. First, projected climatic changes are expected to increase the frequency of fire and other natural disturbances that would change the forest age-class structure and reduce forest C stocks at the landscape level. Second, global change may result in increased net primary production (NPP). Could higher NPP offset anticipated C losses resulting from increased disturbances? We used the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector to simulate rate changes in disturbance, growth and decomposition on a hypothetical boreal forest landscape and to explore the impacts of these changes on landscape-level forest C budgets. We found that significant increases in net ecosystem production (NEP) would be required to balance C losses from increased natural disturbance rates. Moreover, increases in NEP would have to be sustained over several decades and be widespread across the landscape. Increased NEP can only be realized when NPP is enhanced relative to heterotrophic respiration. This study indicates that boreal forest C stocks may decline as a result of climate change because it would be difficult for enhanced growth to offset C losses resulting from anticipated increases in disturbances.
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Kumar, N., R. F. Anderson, R. A. Mortlock, P. N. Froelich, P. Kubik, B. Dittrich-Hannen, and M. Suter. "Increased biological productivity and export production in the glacial Southern Ocean." Nature 378, no. 6558 (December 1995): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/378675a0.
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., Yanuar. "Dampak Trasfer: Teknologi, Manajemen Dan Pemasaran Terhadap Produktivitas dan Biaya Produksi Produj Palm Sugar ( Studi Kasus Koperasi Ar-Ridho Nagari Simpang Tonang Kecamatan Duo Koto, Kabupaten Pasaman, Provinsi Sumatera Barat)." Jurnal Ekonomi 19, no. 1 (November 29, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/je.v19i1.409.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Limited funds, education and skill levels to make the productivit and quality of SME products in general difficult to complate in the free market. Help management, production technology, and marketing from University can improve the quality, productivity, and product marketing SMEs(coorperative). This sutdy compared the productivity and efficiency of palm sugar products Cooperative Ar-Ridho before after management assitance, technology, production and marketing by Tarumanagara University of Jakarta. The empirical findings of this study are increased productivity and improved efficiency of palm sugar products after the transfer technologycally,management,and marketing
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Alibayev, N. N., V. G. Semenov, A. B. Baimukanov, S. D. Mongush, M. N. Ermakhanov, and G. S. Abuov. "INCREASE OF CAMEL MILK PRODUCTIVITY BIOPOTENTIAL." Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 247, no. 3 (September 5, 2021): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-247-3-11-15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The milk productivity of arvan camels in Syzdykbekov A and the Kazakh baktrian in Baghdat for 10 months of lactation against the background of the use of the probiotic Vet 3 was studied and its effective dose was established – 40 mg per 1 kg of live mass. Against the background of using said probiotic, an increase in milk productivity for 10 months of lactation was established in dishes of arvan breeds and Kazakh bactrian by 7.1 and 7.6 %, respectively, compared to the control group of camels where the probiotic was not used. Studies indicate that probiotic use has a certain impact on dairy productivity in all camel breeding zones in the basic dairy production areas. At the same time, in experimental groups, the weight for 3 months of lactation increased in the arvan breed from 36 to 54 kg, in the Kazakh bactrian breed – from 27 to 36 kg, in the Mongolian bactrian breed – from 36 to 45 kg compared to control groups, which is an additional reserve for camel milk production.
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Baumgras, John E. "Hooking Rules Increase Cable Yarder Productivity." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 4, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/4.1.33.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Hooking rules designed to increase average turn volume by limiting the minimum volume yarded per turn were tested with a small skyline cable yarder. The test was conducted on a steep-slope Appalachian hardwood site, harvesting fuelwood from logging residue. Average volume per turn yarded increased from 10.0 to 12.3 ft3, increasing yarder production from 121 to 156 ft3 per hour, and reducing yarding cost from $22.74 per hundred ft3 to $17.75 per hundred ft3. These results demonstrate the feasibility of applying a simple set of hooking rules to improve the efficiency of smallwood harvesting operations. North. J. Appl. For. 4:33-35, March 1987.
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Holmes, Thomas P., and David E. Calkin. "Econometric analysis of fire suppression production functions for large wildland fires." International Journal of Wildland Fire 22, no. 2 (2013): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we use operational data collected for large wildland fires to estimate the parameters of economic production functions that relate the rate of fireline construction with the level of fire suppression inputs (handcrews, dozers, engines and helicopters). These parameter estimates are then used to evaluate whether the productivity of fire suppression inputs during extensive fire suppression efforts are similar to productivity estimates derived from direct observation and used as standard rates by the US Forest Service. The results indicated that the production rates estimated with operational data ranged from ~14 to 93% of the standard rates. Further, the econometric models indicated that the productivity of all inputs taken together increases more than proportionally as their use is increased. This result may indicate economies of scale in fire suppression or, alternatively, that fire managers learn how resources may be deployed more productively over the course of a fire. We suspect that the identified productivity gaps are primarily due to unobserved factors related to fire behaviour, other resources at risk, firefighter fatigue, safety considerations and managerial decision-making. The collection of more precise operational data could help reduce uncertainty regarding the relative importance of factors that contribute to productivity shortfalls.
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Bounnit, Touria, Imen Saadaoui, Rihab Rasheed, Kira Schipper, Maryam Al Muraikhi, and Hareb Al Jabri. "Sustainable Production of Nannochloris atomus Biomass Towards Biodiesel Production." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 5, 2020): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nannochloris atomus (QUCCCM31) is a local marine microalga showing potential to serve as renewable feedstock for biodiesel production. The investigation of the impact of temperature variation and nitrogen concentrations on the biomass and lipid productivities evidenced that biomass productivity increased with the temperature to reach an optimum of 195 mgL−1 d−1 at 30 °C. Similarly, the lipid content was strongly influenced by the elevation of temperature; indeed, it increased up to ~3 folds when the temperature increased from 20 to 40 °C. When both stresses were combined, triacylglycerols and lipid productivity reached a maximum of 45% and 88 mgL−1 d−1, respectively at 40 °C. Cultures under high temperatures along with Nitrogen-Depleted (ND) favored the synthesis of Fatty Acids Methyl Ester (FAMEs) suitable for high quality biodiesel production, whereas cultures conducted at low temperature coupled with Nitrogen-Limited (NL) led to a production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Our results support the feasibility of cultivating the thermotolerant isolate QUCCCM31 year-round to meet the sustainability challenges of algal biomass production by growing under temperature and nitrogen variations. The presence of omega 3 and 9 fatty acids as valuable co-products will help in reducing the total process cost via biorefinery.
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Septifani, R., R. Astuti, and Y. Kusumastuti. "Green productivity analysis of raw rubber production." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 924, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/924/1/012052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Rubber is a well-known commodity that has been cultivated for a relatively long time in Indonesia. Rubber plays an essential role in contributing foreign exchange incomes, job opportunities, and providing industrial raw materials. In 2014, Indonesia became the second-largest rubber producer after Thailand, with a rubber yield of 3,979 tons. Increased rubber production is linear to the environmental damage that occurs so that productivity improvement tools based on environmental or green productivity are needed. This research aims to determine the factors influencing productivity level and improvement efforts by considering the environmental performance indicator. The method used is the Environmental Performance Indicator (EPI). Two expert respondents filled the weighted result, i.e., academician and head of waste treatment. The selection of alternative improvement using Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The result is Multi Soil Layering (MSL) which could save the cost of IDR 253,651,626.2 per year or 70% water savings. This alternative can increase productivity by 11.12% from 76.13% to 85.25% and raise the EPI value of 0.766 from 0.201 to 0.967.
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RODE, L. M., G. H. COULTER, G. J. MEARS, and J. E. LAWSON. "BIOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS TO RUMINANT PRODUCTION." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 859–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas86-096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Productivity is at a maximum when the principles of chemistry and genetics allow it to proceed no further, even under ideal environmental conditions. It is often limited by current knowledge, which could be improved through research, by the antagonism between selection criteria, or by economic considerations that make additional productivity unrealistic. Emphasis on increased productivity per se should give way to or at least accommodate improved efficiency of production. Some of the areas of constraint and potential improvement as they relate to the nutritional and reproductive physiology and genetics of ruminants are discussed. For the most part, advances in the level of production will continue to be made in small increments. Radical changes in performance brought about by new technology must be tested thoroughly under practical conditions to assure that long-term deleterious effects on the ruminant population do not exceed the apparent productivity benefits in the short term. Key words: Biological constraints, ruminants, nutrition, physiology, metabolism, reproduction
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Anang, Benjamin Tetteh, and Joseph A. Awuni. "Effect of Training on Small-Scale Rice Production in Northern Ghana." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 12, no. 3-4 (December 13, 2018): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2018/3-4/2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Training in modern farming methods enables farm households in developing countries to improve agricultural productivity. Notwithstanding the efforts of governmental and non-governmental organisations to provide farmers with agricultural training, productivity remains low. The existing literature provides little empirical evidence of the effect of training on agricultural productivity in Ghana. This study therefore seeks to bridge this gap by investigating small scale rice farmers’ participation in agricultural training programmes and its effect on productivity in northern Ghana. A treatment effect model was used to account for sample selection bias. The results indicated that participation in training increased with the number of extension visits, group membership, access to credit and the degree of specialisation in rice production. Furthermore, total output and labour productivity both increased with participation in training but the relationship with land productivity (yield) was insignificant. On average, participation in training was associated with 797kg increase in rice output, while labour productivity increased by 7.3kg/man-day. With the exception of farm capital, all the production inputs had a positively significant relationship with output suggesting sub-optimal use of capital in production. The study concludes that farmers’ training needs are not adequately being met while inadequate capital is constraining farm output. Increasing access to extension service and involving farmer-based organisations in the design and implementation of training programmes will enhance participation and farm performance.
JEL Classification: C21, D24, Q12
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Zsarnóczai, J. Sándor, and Zoltán Zéman. "Output value and productivity of agricultural industry in Central-East Europe." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 65, No. 4 (April 24, 2019): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/128/2018-agricecon.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study analyses the correlations among different economies of selected EU-12 member states based on comparison of agricultural economics variances, namely the output value of the agricultural industry, productivity of input, agricultural gross value added, subsidies on production, agricultural labour input and agricultural income per annual working unit in the period of 2010–2016, based on the Special Program for Social Sciences, as statistical methods. The EU-12 achieved a higher increase in productivity of input, output value of agricultural industry, agricultural gross valued added, as well as agricultural income per agricultural annual working unit compared to the average results of EU-28 for 2010–2016. The output value of agricultural industry and agricultural gross value added per intermediate consumption decreased by 1.35% and by 3.3%, but the factor income – net value added at factor cost – per annual working unit increased by 21%, because of the subsidies on production increased by 3.4% for 2010–2016. In EU-28, the factor income per annual working unit increased, but most of this income was for developing agricultural production technology.
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Dai, Shuai. "Improve the Design Intelligence through Wireless Networks to Increase Agricultural Production in Provincial Countries." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (March 29, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5991783.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The agricultural field requires hard work and enough human resources to complete any agriculture tasks. Apart from these requirements, maintenance costs and services of the agricultural equipment have also to be considered. Therefore, according to the agricultural work essentials, the workforce has to be increased, and productivity can also be improved. However, it is not easy to find a human resource under certain rash circumstances. By then, the productivity of agriculture may get affected; to overcome this issue, specific intelligent systems can be introduced to manage the productivity of the provincial states of the country. According to the requirement of agricultural productivity, intelligent sensors can be fixed in the agricultural land to monitor the status of the land and crops to take precautionary actions. To implement this intelligent technology in this research, wireless sensors are fixed to collect data and perform analysis with the aid of intelligent decision support systems. The study results proved that the provincial countries have obtained increased agricultural production from 2014 to 2020.
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Gan, Yantai, Chantal Hamel, H. Randy Kutcher, and Lee Poppy. "Lentil enhances agroecosystem productivity with increased residual soil water and nitrogen." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 32, no. 4 (July 13, 2016): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170516000223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractLentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) may have a potential to enhance the productivity of agroecosystems in dry areas where water and nutrients are limited. This study quantified soil water, residual soil nitrogen (N), and crop yields in lentil-based systems in comparison with continuous cereal and conventional summerfallow systems. A 3-yr cropping sequence study was conducted for three cycles in Saskatchewan (50.28°N, 107.79°W) from 2007 to 2011. On average, soil retained 187, 196 and 337 mm of water in the 0–1.2 m depth at crop harvest in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Summerfallow contained the same amounts of water as the cropped treatments at the harvest in 2009 and 2010. However, in 2008, summerfallow contained more soil water than the cropped treatments. The effect of lentil cultivar on soil water conservation varied with years; the cultivars Glamis, Laird and Sedley conserved highest amounts of soil water by the planting time of 2009 and 2010, but no differences were found among cultivars in 2011. Soil available N (NO3− + NH4+) at spring planting time was 50.4 kg ha−1 in the preceding lentil treatments, which was 44% higher compared with preceding barley or flax, but was 25% lower compared with preceding summerfallow. Lentil cultivars had a similar amount of soil residual N. Grain production in the 3-yr rotation averaged 6.3 t ha−1 per rotation for the wheat–lentil–durum system and 6.8 t ha−1 for the wheat–cereal–durum monoculture, averaging 36% greater compared with wheat–summerfallow–durum system. The lentil system increased total grain production through the access of residual soil water and biologically fixed N, whereas continuous cereal system relies on inorganic fertilizer input for yield. Summerfallow system relies on ‘mining’ the soil for nutrients. We conclude that the adoption of lentil systems will enhance grain production through the use of residual soil water and available N.
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Filipiak, Tadeusz. "PRODUCTIVITY OF PRODUCTION FACTORS IN HORTICULTURAL FARMS IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 2004-2014." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 6 (January 10, 2018): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7905.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of the study was to assess the productivity of horticultural production factors in Poland in the years 2004- 2014. The general characteristics of horticultural holdings in Poland were determined, including the productivity of labor and capital, as well as the productivity of land per hectare of UAA. The average farm size increased by 6% on average in the period 2006-2014 and reached 6 hectares in 2014. It was found that in the horticultural farms the productivity of all factors of production in nominal terms increased. In real terms, labor productivity decreased by about 16.6%, capital productivity remained at the same level, and land productivity decreased by more than 52.3%. The production value for 1 AWU was 81,000 in 2014, for 1 ha 38 thous. zł, and for 1 zł of assets 0.38 zł. The observed tendencies of changes in factor productivity and income levels indicate that the scale of production, including farm size, is needed to grow in order to maintain the viability of farms.
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Katou, Anastasia A., and Pawan Budhwar. "Human resource management and organisational productivity." Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance 2, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 244–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joepp-06-2015-0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present robust evidence about the effects of human resource management (HRM) systems on organizational productivity, by mixing both distal objective and proximal subjective measures, and by proposing an estimation method that employs hard HRM data. Design/methodology/approach – The purpose of the study is achieved via a simultaneous equations system that has been estimated and simulated, based on an augmented Cobb-Douglas production function, which innovatively has been transformed from static to dynamic, using both economics-based literature and literature from the HRM discipline. Findings – The study supports the view that HRM has a positive impact on productivity, through employee skills, attitudes, and behaviour. Additionally, the study finds that a 10 per cent increase in the extent of the systematic use of HR practices will lead to a 3.27 per cent increase in the total production, and that employee compensation and incentives play the most important role in improving production efficiency. Further, the study finds that for each additional year of systematic use of HR practices, total production will be increasing by 0.07 per cent per annum. Practical implications – The findings of the study suggest practitioners that competitiveness (expressed by increased productivity) will be increased not by reducing costs, as a result of dismissing employees or decreasing wages, but instead by improving productivity as a result of increased compensation and incentives, and improved training and development. Originality/value – The key output of the paper is the development of a sophisticated model that links an HRM system to a production system, through intermediate HRM outcomes, and the extension of the “generalised method of moments” as a systems estimation method that should be used for curing possible misspecification and common method bias problems in the HRM discipline.
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Ottoni, Daniel, Alex de Matos Teixeira, Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves, Naiara Taís Alves Da Silva, Diego Soares Gonçalves Cruz, Isabella Hoske Gruppioni Côrtes, João Pedro Costa Alves De Oliveira, and Diogo Gonzaga Jayme. "Optimization tifton-85 grass cutting for productivity and nutrient value." Bioscience Journal 37 (January 28, 2021): e37009. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-48179.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this work was to determine the impact of cutting Tifton-85 grass at 14, 28, 42, 46, 70, and 80 days of regrowth on its production and nutritional characteristics during the rainy season. The study area of 238 m2 was divided into four sub-area, with 6 plots of 2 × 2 m spaced 1 m between plots and 2 m between sub-area. Random block design was used. The statistical analyses were performed following a randomized block design. Results were obtained as means from evaluations conducted in two consecutive years. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased as the cutting age increased. However, crude protein, NDF nitrogen, ADF nitrogen and leaves/stem relationship decreased as the cutting age increased. The production of digestible dry matter increased linearly as the cutting age increased. Similarly, grass height, green matter and dry matter production (DMP) increased as the cutting age increased. The different cutting age did not influence the nitrogen A, B1 + B2, and B3 fractions of the grass. However, the C fraction increased as the cutting age increased. Longer intervals between cuts increased the grass productivity per cut, but compromised its nutritional composition and leaves/stem relationship. For Tifton -85, the regrowth age of 28 days allows greater production of dry matter and greater accumulated production of crude protein and digestive dry matter in the rainy season or over time.
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Wang, Yun Rui. "Analyze and Improvement of Production Site Based on IE." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 3754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.3754.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Productivity level was inseparable with production site layout, facility and operation personnel arrangement, the production site facility and production line were optimized basis of IE through detailed analysis of automobile roof rail production process. Added quick die change equipment, online polish machine, measured several parameters before and after improvement using time measure method. The improvement enable the whole production line staff reduced 2, production beat increased 17%, saturation of personnel increased 26%, the production line balance and productivity were improved, brought good economic benefit for the enterprise.
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Sukova, S. A., T. N. Barmina, M. I. Slozhenkina, I. F. Gorlov, A. A. Kaidulina, M. V. Frolova, and A. K. Natyrov. "Ensuring the stability of milk production based on an individual approach to feeding lactating cows." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 022100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/2/022100.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The article presents the results of feeding dairy cows in loose housing according to detailed nutrition requirements, depending on milk productivity. Experimental research were conducted on basis of a dairy complex of farm enterprise «Donskoe», LLC, of Kalachevsky District of Volgograd Region. The number of cows on the farm enterprise was 2500 animals at the beginning of the experiment. The feeding diets are presented for each of the groups of cows, formed in accordance with the daily productivity, indicating the main elements of nutritional and energy value. The increase in the energy value of the ration provided an increase in milk productivity. Thus, the energy value of diets increased from 234.53 MJ of exchange energy for cows with a minimum productivity of 29 kg of milk per day (first group) to 302.47 MJ of metabolic energy for cows with a maximum milk productivity of 35 kg and more (third group). The dry matter content in the diet increased from 23.22 to 27.93 kg, crude protein – from 3406.70 to 4624.48 g, respectively. The number of highly productive cows increased by 16.1%, productivity increased by 11% due to the transition to differentiated feeding.
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FIEDUREK, JAN, MARCIN SKOWRONEK, and ANNA GROMADA. "Selection and Adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisae to Increased Ethanol Tolerance and Production." Polish Journal of Microbiology 60, no. 1 (2011): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2011-007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A total of 24 yeast strains were tested for their capacity to produce ethanol, and of these, 8 were characterized by the best ethanol yields (73.11-8 1.78%). The most active mutant Saccharomyce s cerevisiae ER-A, resistant to ethanol stress, was characterized by high resistance to acidic (pH 1.0 and 2.0), oxidative (1 and 2% of H2O2), and high temperature (45 and 52 degrees C) stresses. During cultivation under all stress conditions, the mutants showed a considerably increased viability ranging widely from about 1.04 to 3.94-fold in comparison with the parent strain S. cerevisiae ER. At an initial sucrose concentration of 150 g/l in basal medium A containing yeast extract and mineral salts, at 300C and within 72 h, the most active strain, S. cerevisiae ER-A, reached an ethanol concentration of 80 g/1, ethanol productivity of 1.1 g/Il/h, and an ethanol yield (% of theoretical) of 99.13. Those values were significantly higher in comparison with parent strain (ethanol concentration 71 g/1 and productivity of 0,99 g/l/h). The present study seems to confirm the high effectiveness of selection of ethanol-resistant yeast strains by adaptation to high ethanol concentrations, for increased ethanol production.
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Mao, Z. Y., and Lyle E. Craker. "HOREHOUND (Marrubium vulgaris L.) PRODUCTION IN NORTHERN AMERICA: RESPONSES TO MULCH, SHADING, AND NITROGEN TREATMENT." HortScience 27, no. 11 (November 1992): 1162b—1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1162b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mulch, light level, and nitrogen fertilization were tested for their effects on productivity of horehound (Marrubium vulgaris L.). Yield of this plant increased under mulched conditions and with the addition of nitrogen fertilizer. Yield decreased with reduced light levels. Productivity of individual plants correlated with the number of branches per plant, leaf size, and leaf chlorophyll content. The number of branches per plant decreased with increased shading, but increased with increased nitrogen fertilization. The influence of mulch and shading on productivity could be due to the changes in soil temperature and in soil water potentials. Full-sun, high nitrogen, and mulch are suggested for optimum field production of horehound.
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Lovett, D. K., A. Bortolozzo, P. O’Kiely, P. Conaghan, and F. P. O’Mara. "In vitro methane production as influenced by harvest date and level of nitrogen application." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Increasing animal productivity increases daily enteric methane (CH4) emissions but reduces CH4 output per unit of animal production. Irish livestock production systems are characterised by a high dependence on grazed pasture. Increased nitrogen (N) fertiliser application can increase animal productivity through increased intake. The objective of this trial was to assess the effect of N level application and pasture maturity on in vitro methane production.
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Glenn, D. M., and W. V. Welker. "The Management of Sod Proximity Increases Peach Productivity." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 843B—843. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.843b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mature peach trees were grown in six different-sized vegetation-free areas (VFA) (0.36 to 13 m2) with and without stage-III drip irrigation for 6 years. As the VFA increased, so did the trunk cross-sectional area, total yield/tree, large fruit yield/tree, and pruning weight/tree. The application of supplemental irrigation increased yield of large fruit and leaf N percentage in all VFAs. Winter hardiness was not affected by either size of the VFA or irrigation. The yield efficiency of total fruit and large fruit decreased, however, with the increasing size of VFAs. The smaller VFAs resulted in smaller, more-efficient trees. Managing the size of the VFA was an effective, low-cost approach to controlling peach tree size and, when combined with irrigated, high-density production, offers a potential for increased productivity.
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Novayanti, Yusni, and M. Yamin. "Potential to Increase Production and Income of Farmers of Freshwater Swamp Riceland in Gandus District, Palembang Regency." Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jlso.11.1.2022.562.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gandus District, Palembang Regency has 1,017.255 hectares of rice fields, most of which are spread in Pulokerto Village, which was a rice field with a freshwater swamp typology. Statistical data shows that rice productivity in Palembang Regency (4.4 tons/ha) was still low when compared to South Sumatra Province rice productivity (4.89 tons/ha) and national rice productivity (5.13 tons/ha). The writing of this article aimed to provide an overview of the potential for increasing the production and income of farmers in Gandus District, Palembang Regency. The potential for increased production can be analyzed by considering the productivity gap between rice productivity in Palembang Regency, provincial and national rice productivity, with intensification to increase productivity and increasing planting intensity to increase planted area. Agricultural intensification can be done through the use of superior seeds, proper fertilization, control of plant pests and diseases, and counseling to convey innovation and technology. Meanwhile, increasing cropping intensity by improving the irrigation system. With the increase in productivity and planting intensity, it can contribute to increasing the income and welfare of farmers in Pulokerto Village, Gandus District, Palembang Regency.
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Filipiak, Tadeusz. "CHANGES IN RESOURCES AND THE STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION FACTORS AND THEIR PRODUCTIVITY IN HORTICULTURAL HOLDINGS IN THE YEARS 2010-2018." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 3 (September 21, 2020): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the research was to assess the changes in relations between factors of production and their effectiveness in horticultural holdings depending on their economic size in Poland in the years 2010-2018. The general characteristics of FADN horticultural holdings in Poland have been presented, followed by a description of the capital-labor ratio and the capital-land ratio and land resources per work unit, that is, the basic correlations between factors of production. Productivity of work, land and capital measured by gross added value was determined. On the basis of research, it was found that the resources of production factors increased along with the economic size of horticultural holdings. In the examined period, land resources decreased (apart from the biggest farms), labor expenditures were reduced, while capital resources increased. Increase in capital value, accompanied by a reduction in land and labor resources, resulted in enhancing the capital-labor ratio and capital-land ratio. In general, as economic size increased, so did the productivity of factors of production. The highest productivity of labor, land and capital was recorded in the biggest holdings. In the examined period, in all classes of economic size, an increase in labor and land productivity was observed (with the exception of the largest holdings), as well as a decrease in capital productivity (in all classes). Deterioration of capital productivity of horticultural holdings was due to a greater increase in capital value in comparison with gross added value. In the examined period, productivity of factors of production decreased in the largest holdings (economic class 5), despite the achievement of the highest productivity of factors of production in comparison with other classes.
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Manabe, Kenji, Yasushi Kageyama, Takuya Morimoto, Tadahiro Ozawa, Kazuhisa Sawada, Keiji Endo, Masatoshi Tohata, Katsutoshi Ara, Katsuya Ozaki, and Naotake Ogasawara. "Combined Effect of Improved Cell Yield and Increased Specific Productivity Enhances Recombinant Enzyme Production in Genome-Reduced Bacillus subtilis Strain MGB874." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 23 (September 30, 2011): 8370–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.06136-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTGenome reduction strategies to create genetically improved cellular biosynthesis machineries for proteins and other products have been pursued by use of a wide range of bacteria. We reported previously that the novelBacillus subtilisstrain MGB874, which was derived from strain 168 and has a total genomic deletion of 874 kb (20.7%), exhibits enhanced production of recombinant enzymes. However, it was not clear how the genomic reduction resulted in elevated enzyme production. Here we report that deletion of therocDEF-rocRregion, which is involved in arginine degradation, contributes to enhanced enzyme production in strain MGB874. Deletion of therocDEF-rocRregion caused drastic changes in glutamate metabolism, leading to improved cell yields with maintenance of enzyme productivity. Notably, the specific enzyme productivity was higher in the reduced-genome strain, with or without therocDEF-rocRregion, than in wild-type strain 168. The high specific productivity in strain MGB874 is likely attributable to the higher expression levels of the target gene resulting from an increased promoter activity and plasmid copy number. Thus, the combined effects of the improved cell yield by deletion of therocDEF-rocRregion and the increased specific productivity by deletion of another gene(s) or the genomic reduction itself enhanced the production of recombinant enzymes in MGB874. Our findings represent a good starting point for the further improvement ofB. subtilisreduced-genome strains as cell factories for the production of heterologous enzymes.
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Rasheed, Abubakar, Gershom Endelani Mwalupaso, Qasir Abbas, Xu Tian, and Rafay Waseem. "Women Participation: A Productivity Strategy in Rice Production." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072870.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agriculture is an important engine for economic growth and a vigorous driver of poverty reduction in developing countries. In Pakistan, rice production is one of the most essential sectors. However, it has been underperforming, largely because of low women’s participation, which is often a crucial resource in agriculture and the rural economy. Unfortunately, previous studies have seldom recognized and emphasized the role of women in triggering agricultural and rural development. We address this research gap using 300 farm households’ survey data forms collected from Pakistan farmers by applying the stochastic frontier analysis. The results indicate that women’s participation is associated with higher labor/land ratio, land productivity, and finally improved technical efficiency. Precisely, women’s participation increased technical efficiency (TE) by 47.3%. Interestingly, in view of previous studies, this evidence is not sporadic. Overall, our study provides some evidence to promote women’s participation in rice production, as such empowerment of women holds great potential to enhance agricultural production, which is consistent with the aim of sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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Figueiró, Clarissa Gusmão, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira Carneiro, Lucas De Freitas Fialho, Mateus Alves Magalhães, Gabriel Browne de Deus Ribeiro, and Fernanda Barbosa Ferreira. "WOOD DRYERS: A SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE FOR INCREASED CHARCOAL PRODUCTION." FLORESTA 50, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v50i1.59355.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the technical and economic viability of a wood dryer in the charcoal production. Drying was carried out for 72 hours using wood from Eucalyptus sp. in two classes of diameter. The average admission temperature of combustion gases in the dryer was 100-150ºC. It was determined the mass of water withdrawn by drying and estimated the amount of wood that would be consumed during the pyrolysis to remove the same amount of water, being this wood converted into charcoal mass. In the economic analysis were determined the indicators net present value, internal rate of return and discounted payback. The dryer presented technical feasibility, reducing wood moisture by 8% and, consequently, increasing the charcoal productivity by 3.3%, and economic viability, with good financial indicators for current market conditions, including a discounted payback of 6 years. In this way, the use of a wood dryer was presented as an efficient way to take advantage of an environmental liability of pyrolysis, which contributes to the increase of sustainability in the charcoal production.
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Mohd Nur, Nurhayati, Siti Zawiah Md Dawal, Mahidzal Dahari, and Nur Faraihan Zulkefli. "Variation of Work Productivity Performance at Different Levels of Production Standard Time." Applied Mechanics and Materials 851 (August 2016): 879–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.851.879.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigated the variation of work productivity performance at different levels of production standard time. Twenty subjects performed repetitive tasks at three different levels of production standard time, corresponding to “normal, “hard” and “very hard”. The work productivity and perceived fatigue were recorded. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed on the data and the results indicated that work productivity and perceived fatigue were significantly affected by production standard time. The results indicated that there was a decrease in work productivity performance as the perceived fatigue increased. The reduction in work productivity performance is related to the functional incapacity of the workers whereby they are exposed to higher risk of WMSDs in harder production standard time.
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Kukartsev, Viktor A., Vladislav V. Kukartsev, and Vadim S. Tynchenko. "Production Technology of Synthetic Iron to Ensure the Efficiency of Casting Production." Materials Science Forum 989 (May 2020): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.989.600.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modernization of physical and mechanical properties of casting alloys, through the introduction of new processes, which can be used to obtain a precise casting with a smooth surface, which does not require machining, with a constant increase in the productivity of the implemented processes, is changing the technological and economic profile of modern foundry. The most advanced equipment is the induction crucible, melting furnace, which belongs to the main production assets and has a direct impact on productivity and, consequently, on profitability. For this reason, it is the main factor determining the content of the development strategies of the enterprise as a whole. Since 2000, iron scrap has been gone, due to the active sale of it abroad, the cost of pig iron and foundry has increased dramatically, in addition, the cost of their delivery increased. This led to higher prices in the production of castings made of synthetic iron, due to the increase in the cost of batch materials. In addition, there were problems with the use of acidic lining, as the cheapest and having a high resistance, as a part of the metal began to use an increased amount of scrap steel and, for this reason, to raise the melting temperature above 1450 Celsius. For this reason, the efficiency of production must be paid great attention.
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Irwansyah, Defi, Cut Ita Erliana, Fadlisyah Fadlisyah, Mutammimul Ula, and Mahlil Fahrozi. "Increasing Productivity in CPO Production Using The Objective Matrix Method." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 2, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v2i2.232.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PT. Ika Bina Agro Wisesa (IBAS) is a company that produces products in the form of crude oil or CPO (Crude Palm Oil). The company sets a minimum production target of FFB that must be processed to reach 30 tons in one boiling with a minimum production target of 600 tons/day. The company is required to increase productivity. The problem so far is that the company has never measured the productivity of the production process, which will then affect the achievement of production targets. Measurement of productivity is critical because the measursizeoductivity can determine whether the company meets productivity targets for production or not. Therefore, it is necessary to measure productivity to assess the value of productivity and efforts to increase productivity in CPO production and how to increase productivity in CPO production and efforts to increase productivity using the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method at PT. Ika Bina Agro Wisesa. Analysis of productivity using the OMAX method, ratio 3 (labor productivity) and ratio 4 (machine productivity) has a very high percentage of poor performance, which means that ratio and 4 have an insufficient level of productivity. Unlike the case with the achievement of productivity ratio 1 (productivity of raw materials) and ratio 2 (productivity of working hours) wh, ich shows a low percentage of poor performance, which means that the productivity level of ratio one and ratio 2 has a better productivity level than ratio three and ratio 4 Analysis The results of the productivity index in the company decreased and increased for each month, in November it experienced a decrease of -79.49, while in December it experienced a significant increase in the amount of 595.02 and January at 69.98. in February decreased to -23.63. Furthermore, productivity in March - September 2021 was unstable, with an increase and dropped for July, a decrease of -0.64 and, a slight increase in August of 0.28.
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Webb, R. Alan, Michael G. Williamson, and Yue (May Zhang. "Productivity-Target Difficulty, Target-Based Pay, and Outside-the-Box Thinking." Accounting Review 88, no. 4 (February 1, 2013): 1433–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50436.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT In an environment where individual productivity can be increased through efforts directed at a conventional task approach and more efficient task approaches that can be identified by thinking outside-the-box, we examine the effects of productivity-target difficulty and pay contingent on meeting and beating this target (i.e., target-based pay). We argue that while challenging targets and target-based pay can hinder the discovery of production efficiencies, they can motivate high productive effort whereby individuals work harder and more productively using either the conventional task approach or more efficient task approaches when discovered. Results of a laboratory experiment support our predictions. Individuals assigned an easy productivity target and paid a fixed wage identify a greater number of production efficiencies than those with either challenging targets or target-based pay. However, individuals with challenging targets and/or target-based pay have higher productivity per production efficiency discovered, suggesting these control tools better motivate productive effort. Collectively, our results suggest that the ultimate effectiveness of these control tools will likely hinge on the importance of promoting the discovery of production efficiencies relative to motivating productive effort. In doing so, our results provide a better understanding of conflicting prescriptions from the practitioner literature and business press.
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Sutrisno and Nanang Setiyo. "The impact of the pandemic covid-19 on the small industry of processing the "Krecek" crackers in Bantul Yogyakarta." E3S Web of Conferences 316 (2021): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131601025.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
“Krecek” crackers are a popular food in Yogyakarta and its surroundings, made from cow, buffalo or goat skin. A “Krecek” cracker is usually processed as a complement to the Gudeg menu which is very popular in Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine total production, revenue, income, profit, R / C ratio, capital productivity, and labor productivity before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in a small industrial center (home industry) processing "Krecek". This research was conducted by using the census method to 33 home industrial cracker processing “krecek” in production centers, in Segoroyoso, Pleret, Bantul. The results showed that during the Covid-19 pandemic era, the processing of "krecek" decreased production by an average of 33.87%, income decreased by 20.02%, and profits decreased by 21.35%. However, the RC ratio increased from 1.07 to 1.09, labor productivity increased by 30.17% and capital productivity increased by 22.63%. The conclusion of this research is that the "Krecek" cracker processing business during the Covid-19 pandemic has decreased production, income and profits, but it is still feasible.
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Han, Mee-Jung, Ki Jun Jeong, Jong-Shin Yoo, and Sang Yup Lee. "Engineering Escherichia coli for Increased Productivity of Serine-Rich Proteins Based on Proteome Profiling." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 10 (October 2003): 5772–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.10.5772-5781.2003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Variations in proteome profiles of Escherichia coli in response to the overproduction of human leptin, a serine-rich (11.6% of total amino acids) protein, were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The levels of heat shock proteins increased, while those of protein elongation factors, 30S ribosomal protein, and some enzymes involved in amino acid biosynthesis decreased, after leptin overproduction. Most notably, the levels of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of serine family amino acids significantly decreased. Based on this information, we designed a strategy to enhance the leptin productivity by manipulating the cysK gene, encoding cysteine synthase A. By coexpression of the cysK gene, we were able to increase the cell growth rate by approximately twofold. Also, the specific leptin productivity could be increased by fourfold. In addition, we found that cysK coexpression can improve the production of another serine-rich protein, interleukin-12 β chain, suggesting that this strategy may be useful for the production of other serine-rich proteins as well. The approach taken in this study should be useful in designing a strategy for improving recombinant protein production.
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Faggotter, S. J., I. T. Webster, and M. A. Burford. "Factors controlling primary productivity in a wet–dry tropical river." Marine and Freshwater Research 64, no. 7 (2013): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12299.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Algal production in rivers fuels foodwebs, and factors controlling this production ultimately affect food availability. Conversely, excessive algal production can have negative effects on higher trophic levels. The present study examined permanent waterholes in a disconnected wet–dry tropical river to determine the controls on algal production. Primary production in this river system was high compared with arid-zone and perennially flowing tropical rivers. Phytoplankton biomass increased over the dry season but this appeared to be because waterhole volume decreased, due to evaporation. Nitrogen (N) was the key limiting nutrient for phytoplankton, with rapid N turnover times, depletion of particulate 15N-nitrogen reflecting increasing N fixationover the dry season, and N stimulation in phytoplankton bioassays. The waterholes were shallow, providing sufficient light for accumulation of benthic algal biomass. Exclosure experiments were also conducted to determine the impact of top–down control on benthic algal biomass, with no evidence that exclusion of fish and crustaceans increased benthic algal biomass. The shallow off-channel waterhole in our study had substantially higher concentrations of nutrients and chlorophyll a than did the on-channel waterholes. This suggests that future anthropogenic changes, such as increased water extraction and increased nutrient inputs, could make the waterholes more vulnerable to deteriorating water quality, such as e.g. algal blooms, low concentrations of dissolved oxygen.
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Glenn, D. M., G. Puterka, T. Baugher, T. Unruh, and S. Drake. "Hydrophobic Particle Films Improve Tree Fruit Productivity." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 548a—548. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.548a.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hydrophobic particle film technology (HPF) is a developing pest control system for tree fruit production systems. Studies were established in Chile, and Washington, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia in the United States, to evaluate the effect of HPF technology on tree fruit yield and quality. Studies in Chile, Washington, and West Virginia demonstrated increased photosynthetic rate at the leaf level. Yield was increased in peaches (Chile) and apples (West Virginia), and fruit size was increased in apples (Washington and Pennsylvania). Increased red color in apple was demonstrated at all sites with reduced russetting and `Stayman' cracking in Pennsylvania. HPF technology appears to be an effective tool in reducing water and heat stress in tree fruit resulting in increased fruit quality.
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Saptari, Adi, Jia Xin Leau, and M. Nor Akramin. "Optimizing Assembly Line Production through Line Balancing: A Case Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 761 (May 2015): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.761.104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Line Balancing principles, the total workload in the assembly process is divided as evenly as possible among the workstations, without violating the sequences and relations in the assembly operations. Line balancing is important in an assembly system as it balances the line and increases the efficiency, as well as the productivity of a system. A case study was conducted in the assembly line of an electrical accessories manufacturer in Malaysia. The cycle time for each station was recorded, and the standard cycle time was estimated. The productivity, as well as the efficiency of the current assembly line, were studied. In terms of the productivity, the performance of the current systems was 500 units/worker/day, while the expected productivity was 600 units/worker/day. An assembly line setting was proposed based on the Line Balancing Method; the productivity for the proposed line increased to 671 units/worker/day, or in rough additional increase around 34%.
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Kaiira, M. G., G. N. Chemining’wa, F. Ayuke, Y. Baguma, and E. Atwijukire. "Production Potential of Allelopathic Rice, Cymbopogon, Desmodium, Mucuna and Maize." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 9 (August 15, 2021): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n9p202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Allelochemicals regulate the productivity of crop ecosystems. A screen house experiment was conducted (2016) at the National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Uganda to determine the effects of NERICA 1 rice (an interspecific hybrid between Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima species), Cymbopogon nardus (C), Desmodium uncinatum (D), Mucuna pruriens (Mc) and LONGE 6H, Zea mays (Mz) on crop relative growth rates (RGR), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrient levels. One field study was conducted on a farm (2017) to establish the allelopathic interactive effects of RCDMcMz on Striga hermonthica (a parasitic weed), crop competition and productivity. Data was collected on striga, RMz growth, nutrient levels and yield. Potted rice reduced (30%-47%) in root length but Mz leaf length increased (31% & 15%) with Mc & D. RMc reduced (73%) striga and increased rice RGR (14-42 days). RD similarly reduced (67%) striga. RC increased (96%, 44% & 73%) rice NPK uptake, RGR (14-42 days), reduced (57%) striga and increased (1.56) the combined land equivalent ratio (CLER) and rice grain yields. RMz reduced (16%, 38% & 38%) rice NPK reserves, RGR (14-42 days), CLER (1.0), grain yields and increased (36%) striga. RD recorded higher CLER (1.56). MzMc reduced (15% & 27%) maize P uptake and NP uptake increased (42% & 9.3%) under MzC & MzD (73% & 29%). RMc increased rice RGR (14-42 days). Maize RGR (14-28 days) increased under MzD, MzMc & MzC and reduced (28-42 days) under MzD, RC & MzMc.. The ecosystems’ productivity was attributed to allelopathy.
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Ducat, Daniel C., J. Abraham Avelar-Rivas, Jeffrey C. Way, and Pamela A. Silver. "Rerouting Carbon Flux To Enhance Photosynthetic Productivity." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 8 (February 3, 2012): 2660–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07901-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTThe bioindustrial production of fuels, chemicals, and therapeutics typically relies upon carbohydrate inputs derived from agricultural plants, resulting in the entanglement of food and chemical commodity markets. We demonstrate the efficient production of sucrose from a cyanobacterial species,Synechococcus elongatus, heterologously expressing a symporter of protons and sucrose (cscB).cscB-expressing cyanobacteria export sucrose irreversibly to concentrations of >10 mM without culture toxicity. Moreover, sucrose-exporting cyanobacteria exhibit increased biomass production rates relative to wild-type strains, accompanied by enhanced photosystem II activity, carbon fixation, and chlorophyll content. The genetic modification of sucrose biosynthesis pathways to minimize competing glucose- or sucrose-consuming reactions can further improve sucrose production, allowing the export of sucrose at rates of up to 36.1 mg liter−1h illumination−1. This rate of production exceeds that of previous reports of targeted, photobiological production from microbes. EngineeredS. elongatusproduces sucrose in sufficient quantities (up to ∼80% of total biomass) such that it may be a viable alternative to sugar synthesis from terrestrial plants, including sugarcane.
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Ismail, Saleh M., and Fathy S. El-Nakhlawy. "Optimizing water productivity and production of sunflower crop under arid land conditions." Water Supply 18, no. 5 (January 12, 2018): 1861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A field experiment was carried-out during 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons at the Agriculture Experimental Station of King Abdulaziz University to investigate the effect of stress and full irrigations with different plant densities on yield and yield attributes of sunflower and to determine water productivity under the investigated treatments. The design of the experiment was a split block with four replications. Main blokes contained full and stress irrigation water regimes while the sub mains comprised six plant densities of sunflower cultivar (Helianthus annuus L.). Results revealed that decreasing irrigation water regime to 65% of field capacity (FC) reduced daily and seasonal water supplies, yield, yield attributes and oil content of sunflower crop but increased water productivity. Increasing plant density reduced head diameter, seeds yield/plant and seed index. Combination of 50 cm row spacing with 15 cm inter row spacing under 100% FC and 60 cm row spacing with 15 cm inter row spacing under 65% FC produced the highest significant seeds yield and water productivity. In these combinations, using full irrigation requirement increased seeds yield by about 10% compared with the stressed one. However, the stress combination increased water productivity by about 38% compared with fully irrigation combination.
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Vántus, András. "Effects of the development of production factors on productivity." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 63 (February 17, 2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/63/1829.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In every economic sector, the enacted and expected quality of the products strongly affects its market entry and subsistence. The aim of management is success, competitiveness and subsistence that require adequate human and material resources and enough production stock. We must also notice that the quality of tools and instruments significantly influences work productivity. This applies to both plant production and animal husbandry.
The author researched milk production factors with methodical observation, document analysis and interviews. Data were collected with a ten-year interval, thus this assay can highlight the field, volume and sources of investments during this period and that the production stock increased in most farms and decreased in few. The data also shows the influence of investments on work productivity - there are differences between farms of equal size, so there are still ways of development.
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Kojola, Ilpo, Timo Helle, and Pekka Aikio. "Productivity of semi-domesticated reindeer in Finland." Rangifer 11, no. 2 (October 1, 1991): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.11.2.978.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>In spite of a twofold increase in the density of reindeer in Finland from 1974 to 1987, meat production per reindeer increased during this period. This was possible due to calf harvesting and supplemental feeding. Results from multiple regression models indicated that calf harvesting influenced both per unit area and per capita production more than supplemental feeding. Correlation between meat production and animal density decreased with increased supplemental feeding. Traditionally, southern and central herds of reindeer fed mainly on arboreal lichens in late winter; however, due to large-scale logging, woodlands rich of arboreal lichens had been greatly reduced. Economic carrying capacity of the winter range apparently has been exceeded in the south; a heavy crash in the number of reindeer is likely if supplemental feeding ceases. In northern herds, intensive calf harvesting enabled satisfactory yield without supplemental feeding. In northern herds, yield increased mainly per unit area (i.e. by increases in herd size); in the south yield per reindeer increased.</p><p>Lithantuotantoon vaikuttavat tekijat Suomen poron-hoidossa.</p><p>Abstract in Finnish / Tiivistelmd: Huolimatta Suomessa vuosien 1974 ja 1987 valilla tapahtuneesta porotiheyden kaksinkertaistumisesta, lihantuotto poroa kohti kasvoi jakson aikana. Tama johtui oletettavasti vasateurastuksesta ja lisaruokinnasta. Monimu-uttujaregressiomallien tulosten perusteella vasateurastuksella nayttaisi olevan lisaruokintaa suurempi vaikutus seka poroa etta pinta-alaa kohti laskettuun tuottoon. Ruokinnan tehostuessa pienentyi lihantuoton ja porotiheyden valinen riippuvuus. Etelaosan ja keskiosan porot syovat perinteisesti puussa kasvavia jakalia kevattalvella. Hakkuista johtuen luppometsien osuus on suuresti vahentynyt. Talvilaidunten ekonomien kantokyky on ilmeisesti ylitetty etela- ja keski-osassa; syva romahdus poromaarissa on todennakoista, jos ruokinta lopetettaisiin. Pohjoisosassa voima-perainen vasate-urastus mahdollistaa tyydyttavan tuoton ilman ruokintaa. Pohjoisessa tuotto kasvoi pinta-alayksikkoa kohden (poro-maarat kasvoivat), etelassa kasvoi poroa kohti laskettu tuotto.</p><p> </p>
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Ahmad, Mumtaj, Pasarul Islam, and Shamsul Haque Siddiqui. "Role of Agricultural Technology on Socio-Economic Development in Hathras District, Uttar Pradesh." National Geographical Journal of India 66, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.48008/ngji.1743.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agriculture in India has experienced a significant transformation in the past fifty years, with agriculture being more and more oriented to a productivist form of socio-economic production. Introduction of new agricultural technologies, high yielding varieties of seeds, improve access to irrigation, education, efficient use of fertilizers and extension services are capable of enhanced productivity per unit of land. Increased production further reflects on socio-economic transformation in rural communities. The study uses secondary data from various sources published by the Government of India and the Government of Uttar Pradesh. The study covers the period between 2000-01 and 2014-15 to analyze the role of agricultural technologies on socio-economic transformation in Hathras district. The methodology adopted for the present study are Data Interpolation or Extrapolation, Yang’s Crop Yield Index, Dayal’s Labour Productivity, Data Standardisation technique Z- score, and Composite Z score. The study concludes that the district has experienced tremendous technological changes in agricultural practices, agriculture induced better productivity and productivity further leads to overall socio-economic transformation.
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Utari, Putu Mas Krisna, I. Ketut Satriawan, and I. Wayan Gede Sedana Yoga. "Analisis Produktivitas Produksi PT. Karya Pak Oles Tokcer Denpasar." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 7, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2019.v07.i04.p10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to measure the level of production productivity, analyze the contribution of the productivity ratio component and compile recommendations for productivity improvement at PT. Karya Pak Oles Tokcer, productivity is the ratio of output and input is more directed to the operational aspects in the transformation of inputs into outputs. In this study there are 6 ratios that are used as criteria in measuring productivity, these ratios are included in the criteria of efficiency, effectiveness and infrential. The method used is the Objective Matrix (OMAX). The lowest level of production productivity obtained in November 2018 decreased by -36.2% with a productivity index value of 177.1, while the highest value in February 2018 increased by 87.5% with a productivity index value of 403.0 . Analysis of the contribution of the productivity ratio component to production productivity at PT. Karya Pak Oles Tokcer who received the highest productivity value is a ratio of 3 with a value of 774.9 and the lowest productivity value is a ratio of 6 with a value of 430.9. Proposed improvement of production productivity in the ratio of 1 to 156 hours, ratio 2 of Rp. 14,256,935, ratio 3 of Rp. 535,252,794, ratio 4 of 48 people, ratio 5 of Rp. 4,525,849,355, the ratio of 6 to 152 hours.
Keyword: production, productivity, objective matrix (OMAX), PT. Karya Pak Oles Tokcer
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Nordjo, Ralph Essem, and Charles K. D. Adjasi. "The impact of credit on productivity of smallholder farmers in Ghana." Agricultural Finance Review 80, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-10-2018-0096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of access to production credit on the productivity of smallholder farmers. Design/methodology/approach Data for the study were drawn from the Agricultural Value Chain Facility (AVCF), which was implemented in the Northern Region of Ghana. This paper uses the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to estimate the average treatment effect of access to production credit on the productivity of smallholder farmers. The rationale for the choice of this estimation technique is to control for selection bias since the treatment variable (access to production credit) was not randomised. The authors also test for the effect of hidden bias using “Rosenbaum bounds” sensitivity analysis. The study uses two control groups to examine the net effect of credit on productivity. Findings The results reveal that smallholder farmers with access to production credit increased productivity through investment in farm inputs. For the impact of credit on productivity using control Group 1, the result shows that farmers with access to credit increased their productivity by 0.170 metric tonnes per hectare and for control Group 2, the result shows an increase of 0.252 metric tonnes per hectare more than farmers who are without access to production credit. Practical implications The evidence as provided by this paper is that access to production credit is significant to meet the credit needs of smallholder farmers and therefore contributes to the policy debate on whether access to credit has impact on the productivity of smallholder farmers. Originality/value The paper shows the importance of production credit in augmenting the production function of smallholder farmers.
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Ha, Sanghyun, Ho Kim, Ho Chun, In Hwang, Jong-Hee Lee, Jin-Cheol Kim, In Kim, and Hae Park. "Effect of Oxygen Supply on Surfactin Production and Sporulation in Submerged Culture of Bacillus subtilis Y9." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 14, 2018): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091660.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fermentation parameters for surfactin production and sporulation in a submerged culture of Bacillus subtilis Y9 with various oxygen transfer rates in 5 L jar fermenters were investigated. The oxygen-uptake rate (OUR) was positively correlated with volumetric surfactin productivity. When OUR value increased from 0 to 250 s−1, productivity increased up to 45 mg/L·h; however, no further increase was observed at OUR values above 255 s−1. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient KLa increased with increasing agitation speed. However, a reduction in surfactin production was observed at the highest agitation speed of 500 rpm. Productivity sharply decreased after spore appearance, and remained low until the end of the culture. A mesh-type sparger was installed to generate microsized air bubbles. When the system was operated at 400 rpm with the mesh-type sparger, KLa was higher than that at 500 rpm with an original sparger. Under agitation at 400 rpm with the mesh-type sparger, productivity was maintained above 42.3 mg/L·h until 24 h, resulting in the highest surfactin concentration of 875 mg/L. Thus, a mesh-type sparger promotes KLa, leading to an increase in productivity.
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Mardhiana, Hawwin, Erma Suryani, Ully Asfari, and Muhammad Nasrullah. "SYSTEM DYNAMIC FRAMEWORK: INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGARCANE TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE CULTIVATION." Sustainability in Food and Agriculture 2, no. 2 (June 8, 2021): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/sfna.02.2021.105.109.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sugarcane as a raw material for producing sugar is a strategic agricultural commudity in economy and sugar industry. With the increase of population, the consumption and demand for sugar will also increase and this causes domestic sugar production to be unfulfilled. Some problem that arise in this commodity include sugarcane productivity and yields are not optimal, how to increase farmer’s income from the residue of the sugarcane harvesting. To achieve the basic need of domestic sugar, it is necessary to increase land productivity and sugarcane production in order to support the sustainable of sugarcane cultivation. The result of study show simulation scenario of intensification of the use of quality seeds, the productivity of sugarcane increased by 1.03% per year and increased sugarcane production in smallholder farmers’ gardens. PBN production increased by an average of 0.96% per year and PBS increased by an average of 1.52 per year. In addition, there is a scenario of utilizing residual crops in the form of silsage and biobriquette in year 2030. This study took a case study at PT. PTPN X Surabaya City which represents the East Java area. The harvested areas used in this study are People’s Plantation (PR), National Large Plantation (PBN) and Private Large Plantation (PBS). This study uses a key focus area of sugarcane cultivation to increase sugarcane productivity and production efficiency and support sustainable cultivation.
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Bellemare, M., L. Rochefort, and L. Lapointe. "Rhizome sectioning and fertilization increase the productivity of cloudberry in natural peatlands." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 89, no. 3 (May 1, 2009): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps08078.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effects of combining rhizome sectioning and in-depth mineral fertilization on cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) growth and production in a natural peat bog were determined over four growing seasons. Observed enhancements of growth and fruit production included: increases in the density of ramets and leaves from the second year; increased flower density from the third year; and increased fruit density from the fourth year. No effect on fruit size was observed. These results demonstrate that it is possible to stimulate growth and productivity of cloudberry by cultural treatments applied to natural mires.Key words: Wild berry, Rubus chamaemorus, fruit yield, rhizome sectioning, mineral fertilization, cloudberry
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Davis, Murray R., Robert B. Allen, and Peter W. Clinton. "The influence of N addition on nutrient content, leaf carbon isotope ratio, and productivity in a Nothofagus forest during stand development." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 2037–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To test whether increased nitrogen (N) availability might increase productivity in maturing mountain beech (Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook. f.) Poole) forest in central South Island, New Zealand, we applied N to 25-year-old sapling and 125-year-old pole stands. Nitrogen fertilizer increased foliar and fine-root N concentrations, fine-root growth, and leaf litter production in both sapling and pole stands but had no effect on stem basal area increment or individual leaf area, and it decreased individual leaf mass marginally. Heavy flowering and seeding occurred in the second year after fertilizer was applied, and N increased production of both. Leaf litter production and flowering responded similarly to N in sapling and pole stands, but N increased fine-root and seed productivity more in pole stands than in sapling stands, confirming our hypothesis that productivity of pole stands was more limited by low N availability. Resource allocation to fine roots and seed production may have restricted stem basal area increment response to N in the short term. Pole stands had higher leaf δ13C values than sapling stands. It is concluded that both low N availability and moisture stress may contribute to the decline in productivity and wood biomass previously found in mature mountain beech stands.