Дисертації з теми "In vivo extracellular recording"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "In vivo extracellular recording".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Bradley, Peter Mark James. "A Novel Fibre-Optic Probe for Simultaneous Extracellular Electrical and Intracellular Fluorescence Recording in Neurones In Situ and In Vito." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503894.
Повний текст джерелаKobaïter, Maarawi Sandra. "Effets électrophysiologiques de la stimulation du cortex moteur sur les noyaux somatosensorielslatéraux du thalamus : étude expérimentale sur un modèle de stimulation du cortex moteur chez le chat." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10100/document.
Повний текст джерелаMotor cortex stimulation (MCS) is a neurosurgical technique developed on empirical basis and currently used as last solution for patients suffering from refractory neuropathic pain. The present work is a new attempt among other contemporary studies aiming to understand the mechanisms of action of MCS, which remain incompletely elucidated at that time. The main objective of this thesis is to study the electrophysiological effect of MCS at the thalamic level, in a cat model. The first part of this work aims to establish the stereotactic somatotopic map of the cat motor cortex (MC), not available so far in the literature. Based on this mapping, we created and validated a cat model of MCS, using a mini-invasive electrode implantation. The second part of this study included a recording and analysis of the potential changes of the unitary extracellular activity of cells located in the thalamic ventro-postero-lateral (VPL) nucleus, induced by different MCS protocols. Our results indicate a modulation of the VPL cells activity after MCS, depending on the nociceptive or non-nociceptive nature of the recorded thalamic cell. MCS increases the activity of non-nociceptive cells and decreases that of nociceptive cells. For a given cell the matching between the somatotopy of the MC stimulated region and the receptive field localization of the recorded thalamic cell is not a prerequisite for obtaining such a modulation. In conclusion, the present work has proven a neuro-modulatory differential effect of MCS on nociceptive and non-nociceptive cells in the thalamic VPL nucleus
Blum, Richard Alan. "An Electronic System for Extracellular Neural Stimulation and Recording." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16192.
Повний текст джерелаBernstein, Jacob (Jacob Gold). "Development of extracellular electrophysiology methods for scalable neural recording." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107581.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
In order to map the dynamics of neural circuits in mammalian brains, there is a need for tools that can record activity over large volumes of tissue and correctly attribute the recorded signals to the individual neurons that generated them. High-resolution neural activity maps will be critical for the discovery of new principles of neural coding and neural computation, and to test computational models of neural circuits. Extracellular electrophysiology is a neural recording method that has been developed to record from large populations of neurons, but well-known problems with signal attribution pose an existential threat to the viability of further system scaling, as analyses of network function become more sensitive to errors in attribution. A key insight is that blind-source separation algorithms such as Independent Component Analysis may ameliorate problems with signal attribution. These algorithms require recording signals at much finer spatial resolutions than existing probes have accomplished, which places demands on recording system bandwidth. We present several advances to technologies in neural recording systems, and a complete neural recording system designed to investigate the challenges of scaling electrophysiology to whole brain recording. We have developed close-packed microelectrode arrays with the highest density of recording sites yet achieved, for which we built our own data acquisition hardware, developed with a computational architecture specifically designed to scale to over several orders of magnitude. We also present results from validation experiments using colocalized patch clamp recording to obtain ground-truth activity data. This dataset provides immediate insight into the nature of electrophysiological signals and the interpretation of data collected from any electrophysiology recording system. This data is also essential in order to optimize probe development and data analysis algorithms which will one day enable whole-brain activity mapping.
by Jacob G. Bernstein.
Ph. D.
Sayed, Herbawi Abdalrahman [Verfasser], and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Paul. "High-density CMOS probes for large-scale extracellular neural recording." Freiburg : Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1226657265/34.
Повний текст джерелаSilpa, Nagari. "NANOSTRUCTURED SENSORS FOR IN-VIVO NEUROCHEMICAL RECORDING." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/487.
Повний текст джерелаNagari, Silpa. "Nano-structured sensors for in-vivo neurochemical recording." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/735.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from document title page (viewed on March 24, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 55 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-54).
Watts, Joanne. "Regulation of extracellular arginine levels in the hippocampus in vivo." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404830.
Повний текст джерелаKuykendal, Michelle Lea. "Closed-loop optimization of extracellular electrical stimulation for targeted neuronal activation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52303.
Повний текст джерелаPatel, Manoj Kumar. "An investigation into electrophysiological changes associated with myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion using extracellular and intracellular recording techniques." Thesis, Coventry University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308953.
Повний текст джерелаCzeschik, Anna [Verfasser], Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolfrum, and Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Fitter. "Nanocavity arrays for extracellular recording and stimulation of electroactive cell systems / Anna Czeschik ; Bernhard Wolfrum, Jörg Fitter." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1130151530/34.
Повний текст джерелаSörensen, Sören Per. "Development of a cell-based drug screening platform : extracellular recording and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on microelectrode array chips." Thesis, University of Bath, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486476.
Повний текст джерелаDrushel, Richard Frederick. "Anatomical and extracellular matrix development of embryonic chick leg muscle in vivo and in vitro." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1060365796.
Повний текст джерелаReisbig, Nathalie A. "Synovial Extracellular Matrix and Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells are Chondrogenic In Vitro and In Vivo." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543150403002824.
Повний текст джерелаBieber, Stéphanie [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Sperandio. "The role of extracellular MRP8/14 in leukocyte recruitment in vivo / Stéphanie Bieber ; Betreuer: Markus Sperandio." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1228787271/34.
Повний текст джерелаZiebro, Thomas R. "In vivo PPy(DBS) sensors to quantify excitability of cells via sodium fluctuations in extracellular solution." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492031927557033.
Повний текст джерелаHiratsuka, Toru. "Intercellular propagation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation revealed by in vivo imaging of mouse skin." Kyoto University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199209.
Повний текст джерелаAnnecchino, Luca. "Development and validation of a robotic two-photon targeted whole-cell recording system for in vivo electrophysiology." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/56991.
Повний текст джерелаAhn, Jeong H. Lee Myeongwoo. "The functional analysis of NPXY motif in [beta] integrin in vivo." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5275.
Повний текст джерелаCzerniecki, Stefan. "In vivo investigation of talin, tensin, and integrin-linked kinase dynamics at stable cell-extracellular matrix adhesions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44285.
Повний текст джерелаSomerville, Margaret. "The action of extracellular products from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on airway mucus secretion in vivo and in vitro." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241369.
Повний текст джерелаCao, Yi. "Investigation of expression of extracellular matrix component genes during tendon healing process an in vivo chicken study /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42182414.
Повний текст джерелаDamen, Angela N. "In vivo Characterization Of Non-Myocyte Heterogeneity During The Postnatal Development Of The Cardiac Interstitium." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1415625809.
Повний текст джерелаLau, Petrina Yau Pok. "Long-term plasticity of excitatory inputs onto identified hippocampal neurons in the anaesthetized rat." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:172e0d36-0d67-4932-962e-9ee08dcc366c.
Повний текст джерелаRünker, Annette E. "Mutations in the extracellular domain of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 impair protein trafficking in vitro and in vivo." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965753778.
Повний текст джерелаTiwari, Ekta. "ASSESSMENT OF CANINE BLADDER FUNCTION RESTORATION USING BEHAVIORAL MONITORING AND IN-VIVO ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/590674.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
Spinal cord injuries and other neurological disorders can disturb the regulation of normal bladder function including continence and micturition. Developing new neuronal pathways by surgically rerouting nerves is a potential approach for restoring bladder function. Our laboratory successfully rerouted somatic nerves to the anterior vesical branch of the pelvic nerve to reinnervate the bladder muscle in canines. Electrical stimulation of these transferred nerves induced detrusor pressure and bladder emptying and we confirmed regrowth of these rerouted nerves using retrograde neurotracing methods. In these studies, reinnervation was proved at 1st and 3rd months after decentralization. We believe that our aim of developing an approach to surgically reinnervate the bladder after long-term decentralization is critical to the success of the reinnervation surgery due to the possibility that patients would delay having a surgery until they try other non-surgical approaches or therapies. We also demonstrated the reinnervation of urethral and anal sphincters by femoral to pudendal nerve transfer after sacral ventral root transection to restore continence. However, these studies did not demonstrate the reinnervation of bladder, urethra and anal sphincter, all in same animal that would be helpful to human patients with lower motor neuron lesioned bladders to restore both continence and emptying. Therefore, prior to applying these surgical procedures to human patients, further investigation is required to prove the effectiveness of nerve transfer strategies in this canine model using multiple experimental techniques. This dissertation is a part of a larger project in canines examining whether surgical rerouting of obturator to pelvic nerve and sciatic to pudendal nerve allows restoration of bladder, urethral and anal sphincter functions, including continence (storage) and emptying (voiding and defecation) functions, in lower motor neuron lesioned bladders. In this study, it was aimed to explore bladder and urethral reinnervation using behavioral observation and in-vivo electrophysiological techniques. In order to completely prove that the reinnervation surgeries are responsible for restoration of bladder and urethral functions, it was first necessary to demonstrate the absence of these functions in animals with long term decentralized bladders and to determine whether the same animals were able to recover functions after reinnervation. In specific aim 1, we addressed this goal by tracking squat-and-void behaviors at monthly intervals after decentralization and reinnervation, using home cage video recordings and evaluation of bladder sensation and emptying after bladder filling. Immediately prior to euthanasia, reinnervation was also explored by electrical stimulation of transferred nerves to evaluate motor function. Retrograde neuronal tracing was also performed to explore sensory reinnervation. Results showed evidence of functional restoration of bladder and urethral function in reinnervated animals based on behavior observation and electrical stimulation of transferred nerves. Also, regrowth of neuronal cells in the new neuronal pathways was observed that were developed by the nerve transfer surgeries. This study also aimed to establish an electroneurogram recording method (part of in-vivo electrophysiological experiments) to explore afferent (sensory) neuronal activity in transferred nerves induced by bladder filling. However, the extraction of neuronal activity from the peripheral nerves is a challenging task. Several factors including noise, interference from surrounding muscle activities and the electronic components can affect these microvolts level recordings. Choice of recording electrode in configuration with the whole recording setup also plays a significant role while performing these low amplitude signal recordings. In specific aim 2, we addressed this issue by refining electroneurogram recording techniques to obtain high strength signal during multifiber recording. We first developed custom electrodes, suitable for varying nerve diameters and available implantation sites, were tested for functionality. Then, we performed multiple testing using these electrodes with different amplifiers to calibrate noise in saline. Testing results helped to establish the recording setup suitable for in-vivo experimental environment. Later, these refined techniques were applied to record afferent (sensory) activity of sciatic nerves and afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) activity of hypogastric nerves in rats. Based on the recording results, it was aimed to employ similar techniques in order to record nerve activity in the canine model. Prior to applying these refined techniques to explore sensory reinnervation from new neuronal pathways after nerve transfer surgeries, in specific aim 3, we aimed to assess the hypogastric nerve activity in normal intact and acutely lumbosacral decentralized bladders using these refined techniques. The effects of electrical stimulation of hypogastric nerves or lumbar roots on detrusor pressure were determined, as were effects of isoflurane versus propofol anesthetics on hypogastric nerve stimulation evoked pressure. Hypogastric nerve activity was recorded using custom-made bipolar cuff electrodes during bladder filling. To confirm or refute that any increase in electroneurogram during bladder filling is due to afferent activity from the end organ, the hypogastric nerve was transected between the recording electrode and the spinal cord and the effects of bladder filling on afferent but not efferent activity were recorded. Results showed that electrical stimulation of hypogastric nerves evoked low amplitude detrusor pressures that did not differ between the two anesthetics. Upper lumbar (L2) ventral root stimulation evoked detrusor pressures were suppressed, yet not eliminated after transection of hypogastric nerves and all spinal roots below L5. Afferent and efferent hypogastric nerve activity did not change with bladder filling in neuronally intact bladders but decreased in decentralized bladders. No change in afferent activity were observed during bladder filling in normal intact and decentralized bladders. Overall findings in this research indicate that the new neuronal pathways created by nerve transfer can restore bladder sensation and emptying function in lower motor neuron-lesioned canines. A more complete decentralized bladder model needs to include transection of both the lumbosacral spinal roots innervating the bladder and the hypogastric nerves prior to performing nerve transfer surgeries. The refined electroneurogram recording methods may be suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of nerve transfer surgeries by monitoring the sensory activities of the transferred nerve.
Temple University--Theses
Tan, J. J. "Cardiosphere-derived stem cell culture, characterisation and labelling for in vivo testing in the infarcted heart." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d902b4f4-6e32-45dd-9767-8e0a17967393.
Повний текст джерелаHalpern, Jeffrey Mark. "Non-Planar Diamond Electrodes for Biomedical Neural Sensing and Stimulating." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1269612139.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Chemical Engineering Title from PDF (viewed on 2010-05-25) Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
Pospischil, Martin. "Interaction between synaptic conductances and action potential initiation in cortical neurons : computational models and analysis of intracellular recording." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066647.
Повний текст джерелаStridh, Sara. "Regulation of Renal Hyaluronan in Water Handling : Studies in vivo and in vitro." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Integrativ Fysiologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-209763.
Повний текст джерелаCastagnola, Valentina. "Implantable microelectrodes on soft substrate with nanostructured active surface for stimulation and recording of brain activities." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2646/.
Повний текст джерелаImplantable neural prosthetics devices offer, nowadays, a promising opportunity for the restoration of lost functions in patients affected by brain or spinal cord injury, by providing the brain with a non-muscular channel able to link machines to the nervous system. The long term reliability of these devices constituted by implantable electrodes has emerged as a crucial factor in view of the application in the "brain-machine interface" domain. However, current electrodes for recording or stimulation still fail within months or even weeks. This lack of long-term reliability, mainly related to the chronic foreign body reaction, is induced, at the beginning, by insertion trauma, and then exacerbated as a result of mechanical mismatch between the electrode and the tissue during brain motion. All these inflammatory factors lead, over the time, to the encapsulation of the electrode by an insulating layer of reactive cells thus impacting the quality of the interface between the implanted device and the brain tissue. To overcome this phenomenon, both the biocompatibility of materials and processes, and the mechanical properties of the electrodes have to be considered. During this PhD, we have addressed both issues by developing a simple process to fabricate soft implantable devices fully made of parylene. The resulting flexible electrodes are fully biocompatible and more compliant with the brain tissue thus limiting the inflammatory reaction during brain motions. Once the fabrication process has been completed, our study has been focused on the device performances and stability. The use of high density micrometer electrodes with a diameter ranging from 10 to 50 µm, on one hand, provides more localized recordings and allows converting a series of electrophysiological signals into, for instance, a movement command. On the other hand, as the electrode dimensions decrease, the impedance increases affecting the quality of signal recordings. Here, an organic conductive polymer, the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT, has been used to improve the recording characteristics of small electrodes. PEDOT was deposited on electrode surfaces by electrochemical deposition with a high reproducibility. Homogeneous coatings with a high electrical conductivity were obtained using various electrochemical routes. Thanks to the increase of the surface to volume ratio provided by the PEDOT coating, a significant lowering of the electrode impedance (up to 3 orders of magnitude) has been obtained over a wide range of frequencies. Thermal accelerated ageing tests were also performed without any significant impact on the electrical properties demonstrating the stability of the PEDOT coatings over several months. The resulting devices, made of parylene with a PEDOT coating on the active surface of electrodes, have been tested in vitro and in vivo in mice brain. An improved signal to noise ratio during neural recording has been measured in comparison to results obtained with commercially available electrodes. In conclusion, the technology described here, combining long-term stability and low impedance, make these implantable electrodes suitable candidates for the development of chronic neural interfaces
Di, Summa Pietro Giovanni. "Schwann cell-like differentiated adipose-derived stem cells : in vivo applications and future perspectives for nerve regeneration." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schwann-celllike-differentiatedadiposederived-stem-cellsin-vivo-applications-and-futureperspectives-for-nerve-regeneration(cce4ab09-f58b-48c6-9372-5efcb1127e1a).html.
Повний текст джерелаWatanabe, Moe, Yuki Sugiura, Eiji Sugiyama, Michiko Narita, Edita Navratilova, Takashige Kondo, Naohiko Uchiyama, et al. "Extracellular N-acetylaspartylglutamate released in the nucleus accumbens modulates the pain sensation: Analysis using a microdialysis/mass spectrometry integrated system." SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627130.
Повний текст джерелаKonduri, Suchitra. "The Influence of normal physiological forces on porcine aortic heart valves in a sterile ex-vivo pulsatile organ culture system." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-03042005-135623/unrestricted/konduri%5Fsuchitra%5F200505%5Fmast.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDr. Athanassios Sambanis, Committee Member ; Dr. Timothy M. Wick, Committee Member ; Dr. Ajit P.Yoganathan, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
Joyce, Belinda Jane. "Elastin synthesis in the fetal sheep lung in vivo : effects of physical, metabolic and endocrine factors." Monash University, Dept. of Physiology, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5263.
Повний текст джерелаCisterna, Ambart Ester Covarrubias. "Análise da ação do embrião e dos hormônios ovarianos na regulação da matriz extracelular de células deciduais: estudo in vivo e in vitro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42134/tde-24052014-084021/.
Повний текст джерелаDuring pregnancy in several species of mammals, including humans and mice, endometrial fibroblasts undergo extensive morphofunctional changes acquiring an epithelial phenotype. Those new cells form a new structure in the uterus called decidua. In mice, the decidual reaction can be artificially induced in pseudopregnant females resulting in the formation of a structure morphologically similar to the decidua called deciduoma, a relevant model to study the putative role of the embryo upon decidualization. Endometrial decidualization is an essential event for the success of pregnancy. A notable remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and molecular composition occurs during this process. There are evidences, many of them coming from studies of the Laboratory of Reproductive and Extracellular Matrix Biology (LBR-MEC), that estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) modulate the remodeling of the uterine ECM. Nevertheless, there is no consistent information about the role, if it exists, of the embryo on the regulation of the endometrial ECM. Furthermore, it was not yet clarified how the ovarian hormones act on the production of ECM components by decidual cells. Thus, the objective of present study was to identify the composition and organization of the ECM during the development of the mouse deciduoma; and to study by qPCR, Western blot and immunolocalization methods, the effect of hormones E2 and medroxiprogesterone (MPA) on synthesis and secretion of ECM molecules by primary cultures of mouse decidual cells obtained from deciduoma. We found that the distribution of collagen types I, III, IV, V and proteoglycans decorin, biglycan and versican in deciduoma, was similar to that previously observed in the decidua. The in vitro assays showed E2 increases the gene expression for the core protein of Decorin, while MPA increases the expression of the core protein of Biglycan. In addition, was observed that both hormones increase the expression of desmin a marker of decidualization. These results showed that in the endometrium of both pregnant and pseudopregnant animals ECM molecules such as collagens and proteoglycans are similarly modulated by ovarian hormones. At from the present study we may conclude that ECM remodeling is an intrinsic event that happens during decidualization modulated by E2 and MPA and this modualation independ of the presence of the embryo in the uterus. In adition we showed that in decidual cells in vitro the gene expression and the secretion of proteoglycans decorin and biglycan are differentially regulated by hormones E2 and MPA.
Rodríguez, Salinas Roberto Javier. "El uso e impacto de las técnicas de grabación y mezcla analógica en la producción musical estadounidense de pop y rock (2011-2017): Alternativas para su aplicación en el estudio digital." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654919.
Повний текст джерелаThe hereby thesis attempts to identify and analyze the influence and application of analog audio in contemporary music production by covering diverse criteria: sonic/technical, performative, social, of preservation or archive, among others. Although digital audio, and its derived use of editing and mixing tools, are currently considered standard in the music industry, it is also known that a significant number of producers, engineers and artists still employ analog recording and mixing techniques developed decades ago. Hence, analog audio presents itself as an alternative to the modern creative and production processes, at both sonic and performance levels. This work begins with the technical and aesthetical development within an analog recording, comparing it afterwards with its digital counterpart. To serve this purpose, the opinion and detailed production processes of renowned American producers and professionals, responsible for the most acclaimed records in the last ten years, are taken into consideration. Those records evidence the creative use of analog audio, as well as its adaptation to a digital setup. Finally, independent producers could benefit the most from the information and arguments in this paper, because they directly or indirectly know the benefits of working analog, even when they often lack the resources to acquire these tools. Therefore, the author attempts to bring tools and solutions for the application of analog and digital audio in a single modern production.
Tesis
Ghanavi, Parisa. "Effects of cartilage dust on cartilage formation in in vitro and in ectopic in vivo models." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101499/1/Parisa_Ghanavi_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPierucci, Amauri. "Influencia dos polimeros poli caprolactona (PCL) e poli L-acido latico (PLLA), sobre a expressão de componentes da membarna de celulas de Schwann in vitro e in vivo." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316490.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T22:46:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pierucci_Amauri_D.pdf: 4256178 bytes, checksum: fe35fc60e55f7ea9104ff8bf2bc809f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: A regeneração periférica é um fenômeno intrincado que envolve diferentes tipos celulares, dentre os quais as células de Schwann são os componentes celulares não neurais mais importantes. Após a lesão periférica, as células de Schwann proliferam e, juntamente com os macrófagos, participam na fagocitose dos fragmentos de mielina e dos axônios em degeneração. Essas auxiliam na orientação axonal em direção ao órgão alvo através da formação das bandas de Büngner. Ainda, atuam no rearranjo dos componentes da matriz extracelular do microambiente do nervo lesado, bem como na produção de vários fatores neurotróficos, entre eles, o fator neurotrófico do nervo (NGF), fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF), fator neurotrófico de crescimento ciliar (CNTF), visando à manutenção, desenvolvimento e regeneração dos neurônios após a lesão. As lesões nervosas que acometem no nervo periférico podem ser resultado de traumas como esmagamento, transecção parcial ou completa do nervo. Quando ocorre a transecção completa do nervo, há a perda de continuidade e forma-se uma fenda entre o coto proximal e o coto distal. No sentido de reparar-se o nervo lesionado, foram desenvolvidas diversas técnicas, incluindo-se o emprego de autoenxertos, próteses tubulares não absorvíveis e inertes (polietileno) e biorreabsorvíveis (biomateriais). Essas últimas têm a vantagem de sustentarem o inicio do processo regenerativo, orientando o brotamento axonal em direção ao coto distal, além de serem degradadas à medida que o nervo cresce em diâmetro. Podem ainda ser confeccionadas com as dimensões, formatos e porosidade desejados. Devido às características positivas destas próteses reabsorvíveis, a importância das células de Schwann e dos componentes da matriz extracelular, o presente trabalho tem como objetivos estudar a influência dos biomateriais poli L-ácido láctico e poli caprolactona sobre a expressão, pelas células de Schwann, das cadeias a1, a2 e ß1 que compõem as lamininas tipo I e II, bem como a expressão de colágeno tipo IV, através do emprego das técnicas de imunohistoquímica realizadas após a tubulização e imunocitoquímica através da cultura purificada de células de Schwann sobre os diferentes biomateriais. Além disso, avaliamos o comportamento das células de Schwann sobre os biomateriais, através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Já o resultado da regeneração axonal foi estudado através de uma análise morfológica pela microscopia de luz, microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e morfometria dos nervos regenerados. Comparando-se estruturalmente os tubos confeccionados pelo método de extrusão e solvente, pôde-se observar que o último apresentava espessura reduzida em comparação às próteses confeccionadas pelo método de extrusão. Ainda, a transparência dos tubos, ora propostos em nossa metodologia, influenciou positivamente durante o processo de implantação da prótese na tubulização. Após a regeneração, observou-se que o número de fibras regeneradas no interior dos tubos derivados das membranas de PCL foi significantemente maior, 30 e 60 dias após tubulização. Ainda, uma intensa marcação com S-100, colágeno tipo IV e laminina foi observada no nervo regenerado no interior das próteses, em cujos grupos utilizaram-se os biomaterias (PCL e PLLA). De fato, a imunomarcação demonstrou que os biomateriais e o microambiente no interior dos tubos foram capazes de estimular positivamente as células de Schwann em resposta à lesão nervosa periférica. Em conjunto, nossos resultados evidenciam que os tubos de PCL e PLLA derivados da membrana podem ser considerados um método alternativo na preparação de próteses tubulares visando o reparo do nervo periférico
Abstract: The present study proposed a new approach to produce tubular conduits designed for peripheral nerve repair. In this sense, membranes of PLLA and PCL were obtained after solvent evaporation and wrapped around a mandrel. The effectiveness of the nerve regeneration was compared with polyethylene and PCL extruded prosthesis 30 and 60 days after surgery. The comparison between extrusion and solvent tubes cleared shown structural differences which were directly proportional to the hardness and transparency. An important factor to be considered is that the fiber counting indicated that solvent PCL tubes provided a significantly greater number of axons 30 days after repair. Sixty days after operation, the greatest regenerative performance was obtained with PCL, regardless the method of construction of the tube. An intense labeling against S-100, type IV collagen and laminin could be observed in the tissue obtained from solvent PCL and PLLA groups, indicating that such constructions are able to positively stimulate Schwann cell responses. Overall, the present results provide evidence that solvent conduits may be regarded as an alternative preparation method for tubular prosthesis aiming peripheral nerve regeneration. In the in vitro study, PCL and PLLA solvent polymers were used for culturing purified of Schwann cells. The imunolabeling revealed an up-regularion of the expression of collagen IV, laminin I, laminin II and S-100 by the Schwann cells, showing that biodegradable polymers enhance the activity of such cells, positively influencing the peripheral nerve regeneration process
Doutorado
Anatomia
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Chaudun, Fabrice. "Involvement of dorsomedial prefrontal projections pathways to the basolateral amygdala and ventrolateral periaqueductal grey matter in conditioned fear expression." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0118/document.
Повний текст джерелаA central endeavour of modern neuroscience is to understand the neural basis of learningand how the selection of dedicated circuits modulates experience-dependent changes inbehaviour. Decades of research allowed a global understanding of the computations occurring inhard-wired networks during associative learning, in particular fear behaviour. However, brainfunctions are not only derived from hard-wired circuits, but also depend on modulation of circuitfunction. It is therefore realistic to consider that brain areas contain multiple potential circuitswhich selection is based on environmental context and internal state. Whereas the role of entirebrain areas such as the amygdala (AMG), the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) or theperiaqueductal grey matter (PAG) in fear behaviour is reasonably well understood at themolecular and synaptic levels, there is a big gap in our knowledge of how fear behaviour iscontrolled at the level of defined circuits within these brain areas. More particularly, whereas thedmPFC densely project to both the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and PAG, the contributions ofthese two projections pathway during fear behaviour are largely unknown. Beside theinvolvement of these neuronal pathways in the transmission of fear related-information, theneuronal mechanisms involved in the encoding of fear behaviour within these pathways are alsovirtually unknown. In this context, the present thesis work had two main objectives. First,evaluate the contribution of the dmPFC-BLA and dmPFC-vlPAG pathways in the regulation offear behaviour, and second, identify the neuronal mechanisms controlling fear expression in thesecircuits. To achieve these goals, we used a combination of single unit and local field potentialrecordings coupled to optogenetic approaches in behaving animals submitted to a discriminativefear conditioning paradigm. Our results first, identified a novel neuronal mechanism of fear expression based on the development of 4 H oscillations within dmPFC-BLA circuits thatdetermine the dynamics of freezing behaviour and allows the long-range synchronization offiring activities to drive fear behaviour. Secondly, our results identified the precise circuitry at thelevel of the dmPFC and vlPAG that causally regulate fear behaviour. Together these data provideimportant insights into the neuronal circuits and mechanisms of fear behaviour. Ultimately thesefindings will eventually lead to a refinement of actual therapeutic strategies for pathological conditions such as anxiety disorders
Ramos, Karina Lawrence. "Análise comparativa das distribuições espaciais de moléculas envolvidas na migração e invasão de um tumor cerebral de rato in vivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42134/tde-30052008-123952/.
Повний текст джерелаGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumour and presents high proliferative, invasive and angiogenic capacities. In the present study the spatial distribution of molecules involved with these processes was analyzed in a rat GBM (C6) in vivo. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that tumours expressed extracellular matrix elements (collagens I, III and IV, fibronectin, tenascin C and R, vitronectin and proteoglycans), adhesion molecules (RHAMM, CD44 and integrins) and the proteolytic enzyme MMP-2. At the tumour borders and around the cells migrating along blood vessels these molecules seemed to organize in a pericellular pattern. The adhesion molecules analysis showed that RHAMM could have a pivotal role in hyaluronic acid recognition. Flt-1 and flk-1 expression by tumour cells suggests a role for these VEGF receptors not only in endotheliocyte metabolism, but also in tumour proliferation. All of the studied molecules are potential targets for anti-cancer therapies.
Krüger, Hagen. "Elektrophysiologische Untersuchungen zu Einflüssen von ionotropen Glutamatantagonisten sowie 5-HT1A-Agonisten auf die Kaliumchlorid-induzierte "spreading depression" im neokortikalen Hirnschnittpräparat der adulten Ratte." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14462.
Повний текст джерелаRepetitive cortical spreading depression (SD) and SD-like events, associated with a massive de-polarization of neuronal and glial cells, is thought to play a key role in the induction of neuronal damage in the peri-infarct zone following experimental focal cerebral ischemia. In addition, ex-perimental and clinical data suggest that SD is the underlying mechanism of neurological distur-bances during migraine auras as well. However, detailed analyses on the consequences of repeti-tive SDs on cortical function and involved receptors are lacking. Using an in vitro rat model of SD I investigated in this thesis the electrophysiological properties of repetitive potassium chloride (KCl)-induced SDs, their influence on synaptic neurotransmis-sion and the effects of ionotropic glutamate antagonists and 5-HT1A agonists in neocortical slices obtained from adult rats. Whereas repetitive SDs revealed only non-significant variations in du-ration, amplitude and integral when elicited at intervals of 30 min, paired-pulse inhibition of ex-tracellularly recorded field potential responses was significantly affected by repetitive SD even under normoxic conditions. Compared to the control recordings, each SD episode caused a sig-nificant decrease in the efficacy of intracortical GABAergic inhibition by approximately 10%. Since excitatory synaptic transmission was unaffected, these data indicate that repetitive SDs cause a selective suppression of GABAergic function even in the non-ischemic brain. None of the compounds tested prevented the SD-induced cortical disinhibition. However, the SD-associated negative shift in the extracellular DC potential was reduced by ketamine, a selective N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA-) receptor antagonist. Ketamine significantly (p < 0.01) re-duced the amplitude of the first SD peak and blocked the second SD peak. Ketamine also de-creased the SD duration at half maximal amplitude (p < 0.05). NBQX, a selective a-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist did not affect the SD-accompanied cortical depolarization, whereas selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1A receptor agonists 8-OH-DPAT and BAY x 3702 shortened concentration-dependently the duration of the SD up to 50 %. Nevertheless, both 5-HT1A receptor agonists caused a strong disinhibition of neu-ronal function with a tendency towards paired-pulse facilitation as well. Thus, repetitive SD and SD-like events may induce neuronal hyperexcitability due to a selective suppression of intrinsic inhibitory GABAergic function. Under normoxic conditions, SD-induced disinhibition may be involved in the generation and maintenance of migraine or associated neurological disturbances. Under hypoxic-ischemic conditions, neuronal hyperexcitability may contribute to the gradual expansion of the ischemic core and the metabolic deterioration of the penumbral tissue after SD episodes. This underlines the deleterious effect of SD to the outcome of focal cerebral ischemia. Although the precise mecha-nisms of SD generation and propagation remains far from established, the present pharmacologi-cal profile of KCl-induced SD in vitro links the induction and propagation of SD in rat neocorti-cal slices mainly to a local increase of [K + ] e and a subsequent activation of NMDA- receptors. This corroborates the neuroprotective effect of a NMDA- receptor blockade observed in various in vitro and in vivo models. However, as it has been demonstrated in clinical trials, NMDA- re-ceptor antagonists in use today cause psychomimetic and cardiovascular side effects in humans and are therefore currently of low clinical benefit. The activation of 5-HT1A receptors by selective agonists represents a new pharmacological strategy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, since shortened SD waves may represent a less energy-consuming process under conditions of limited energy supply and are probably associated with an efflux of excitatory neurotransmitters to a lesser extent. The potential clinical benefit of 5-HT 1A receptor agonists remains to be investi-gated in clinical trials, since systemic administration of these compounds after the onset of acute focal cerebral ischemia might interfere with normal functions of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the intact, non-ischemic brain.
Zbrzeski, Adeline. "Circuits intégrés d’enregistrement et d’analyse en temps réel des potentiels de champ neuronaux : application au traitement de la maladie de Parkinson, par contrôle adaptatif de stimulations cérébrales profondes." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14328/document.
Повний текст джерелаParkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative diseases throughout theworld. In this context, the research project associated with this thesis is to improve the symptomatictreatment of Parkinson’s disease through the development process of deep brain stimulationadaptive. The work of this thesis is based on the design of an ASIC for recording andprocessing of neural signals, in response to a variety of issues : ongoing treatment and real-timefocus on specific bands of very low-frequency and highly configurable. The goal is to use theprocessed information to the control and generation of a stimulation signal. This ASIC wasdeveloped, characterized and used electronically in a context in vivo. A closed-loop system wasmade from the ASIC, showing functional. These in vivo validations open up many possibilitiesfor investigation of the concept of closed-loop brain stimulation
Hammad, Mira. "Reconstruction of auricular cartilage using natural-derived scaffolds with an in vivo application in rabbit model Effects of hypoxia on chondrogenic differentiation of progenitor cells from different origins Cell sheets as tools for ear cartilage reconstruction in vivo Cartilage tissue engineering using apple cellulosic scaffolds Cell-secreted matrices as cell supports: Novel approaches for cell culture applications." Thesis, Normandie, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NORMC404.
Повний текст джерелаSuccessful reconstruction of auricular cartilage defects requires the appropriate restoration of the cartilaginous deformities by potential cell sources as well as providing suitable tissue supports. This work aimed to investigate different scaffolds and biomaterials for in vitro auricular cartilage engineering as well as in vivo auricular cartilage repair in rabbit models. We first showed that auricular perichondrocytes are the best candidates for auricular cartilage regeneration and hypoxia is not necessary for their chondrogenic differentiation. These cells successfully formed cartilaginous cell sheets which were used to regenerate cartilage tissue in vitro and to fill and reconstruct cartilage defects in vivo in allogenic rabbit models. Furthermore, we tested cellulose-derived tissue by decellularizing apple tissue and its use as a scaffold. Repopulated with cells, these scaffolds surpassed alginate hydrogels by enhancing colonization and upregulating the cartilaginous expression in different mammalian cells. In the final part of the thesis, we examined cell-secreted matrices and used them as a coating for different cell culture applications. Interestingly, these coatings promoted both allo- and xenogeneic cell culture, increased proliferation, and boosted chondrogenesis. We also highlighted phenotype preservation during chondrocytes expansion on these cell-secreted matrices. Our study provides novel tools and approaches for multiple cell culture applications
Driffort, Virginie. "Rôle du canal sodique NaV1.5 et de la sous-unité auxiliaire β4 dans l’invasivité des cellules cancéreuses mammaires in vitro et in vivo". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR3310.
Повний текст джерелаThe abnormal expression of sodium channel Nav1.5 in breast cancer is correlated with metastatic development and an increased mortality. The Nav1.5 channel is located in invadopodia in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, where it increases proteolytic activity by allosteric modulation of exchanger NHE-1 and activation of acidic proteases. In vivo, in a xenograft model in nude NMRI mice, the expression of Nav1.5 potentiates lung colonization by human breast cancer cells. Metastatic colonization is inhibited by treatment with ranolazine, a pharmacological inhibitor of Nav1.5. The β4 subunit, an auxiliary subunit of Nav channels, is expressed at low levels or lost when tumors are more aggressive, and its suppression in vitro increases celI invasiveness. This increase seems to be independent of Nav1.5 and could be associated with the transition of cells to an amoeboid phenotype. In conclusion, Nav1.5 expression and the loss of β4 expression seem to play complementary roles in the invasiveness of cancer cells
Zanona, Querusche Klippel. "Estudo dos efeitos da MT3 na plasticidade sináptica de longa duração e interações com a sinalização gabaérgica em hipocampo dorsal pela eletrofisiologia in vivo em animal anestesiado." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132342.
Повний текст джерелаThe cholinergic muscarinic system exerts modulatory function over different aspects of cognition and emotion. All five muscarinic receptors subtypes (mAChR), M1 to M5, are expressed at mammals hippocampus and at least two of them are simultaneously activated by most of the drugs, hindering significant advances on the role of each component of this system. The muscarinic toxin 3 (MT3) is a selective antagonist for the M4 subtype, allowing the investigation of the modulatory actions of this receptor over learning, memory and synaptic plasticity. The M4 are G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that act through Gi/o triggering inhibitory effects on which cells they are occur. Previous behavioral studies have shown that administration of MT3 soon after aversive task training exerts amnestic effects over memory, while administration prior to recall, leads to facilitation. A possible explanation to these results could be that the local circuits involved on memory consolidation and recall are different in nature. On this perspective, the amnestic effect of MT3 over memory consolidation should be consequence of GABAergic interneurons inhibition suppression; while the effect on recall, should be over glutamatergic synapses modulation. Thereby, the present work, with the objective to investigate how the M4 receptor modulates long-term synaptic plasticity and interacts with the GABAergic system, in vivo electrophysiological approach of anesthetized rats’ hippocampus was applied. Hence, field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) from CA1 were recorded after stimulation of contralateral Schaffer Collateral pathway with drugs infusion 15 min before or after high or low frequency electric stimulation (HFS: 10 trains 0.5 Hz, 20 pulses 100 Hz; LFS: 600 pulses 1 Hz, respectively). Neither MT3 (4.00 μg/μl), bicuculline (0.06 μg/μl), baclofen (0.20 μg/μl) nor vehicle, isolated or combined, changed the baseline evoked response amplitude 15 min after infusion nor the paired-pulse facilitation ratio (PPF). MT3 apparently attenuated, but not significantly, the long-term potentiation (LTP) compared to control (31.8% and 66.0% potentiation 60 min after HFS, respectively). In addition, there was no significant difference between baseline and 60 min after HFS fEPSP amplitude at MT3 group. Bicuculline, although did not abolish LTP neither changed PPF, it did produce a potentiation of only 36.4%. Baclofen induced a potentiation similar to control group. Baclofen administration also significantly reduced PPF compared to baseline. The simultaneous administration of MT3 and bicuculline or baclofen led to a potentiation similar to the control group. MT3 did not show any effect over LTP maintenance when applied 15 min after HFS. Lastly, it was not possible to induce long-term depression (LTD) with the used LFS protocol. Although there was no statistical significance between groups due to the low animal numbers used, data suggest that bicuculline had reduced LTP amplitude. Baclofen did alter PPF and the same was not observed on control group. When bicuculline or baclofen were injected with MT3, those alterations were not observed. These are inconclusive and preliminary results, notwithstanding this work allowed to set up the in vivo electrophysiology technique in anesthetized animals what will provide new tools for future research.
Steidl, Esther. "Mise au point d’une plateforme de tests in vitro pour l’évaluation du potentiel proconvulsivant de façon précoce au cours du développement de médicaments." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0050.
Повний текст джерелаThe goal of the present work was to develop a platform of tests that could predict the proconvulsive potential of compounds in development as early as possible during preclinical phases. These tests were carried out in vitro from hippocampal slices recorded with multi-electrode arrays (MEAs). The MEA technology is particularly adapted because it allows to investigate compounds’ effect on a wide area of a native neural network, including all the complexity and organization of the different cell types. In addition, rapidity and low compound consumption of the MEA-based assays make them suitable for early stages of development.First, the evaluation of reference proconvulsive/seizurogenic compounds allowed to determine the parameters that should be monitored to detect proconvulsive properties. It appeared that reference compounds triggered one or several of the following effects: increase of the population spikes area and repetition of spikes, triggering of epileptiform discharges and/or increase of the CA1 neurons firing. The experimental conditions of the assays were then modified to increase their sensitivity and thus detect even weak proconvulsive compounds. This platform of 3 complementary assays was termed NS-PC set.15 compounds, including positive and negative controls, were provided by partner pharmaceutical companies to be tested under blind conditions on NS-PC set. A new faster and cheaper assay, termed NS-PC screen, was also designed based on the recording of 4-aminopyridine-induced epileptiform discharges in hippocampal slices
Pye, Richard Laurence. "Measuring the Acute Physiological Effects of Leptin in the Carotid Body." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1449583350.
Повний текст джерелаErlandson, Melissa. "Investigating the plasticity of sensory cortical circuits in the context of learning in the wild-type mouse and a conditional mouse model of fragile X syndrome." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0342.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this project is to study the plasticity of the cortical circuits in the context of the learning of wild type mice and models of Fragile X Syndrome. First, investigations into the efficacy of recording combination of extracellular local field potentials with UV laser stimulation (LSPS) to map networks were performed. We found extracellular field records could be used to detect the synaptic responses evoked by LSPS. Our results indicate an alternative method for obtaining complete maps of excitatory intracortical networks. Next, we developed a sensory associative learning paradigm and studied its effects on excitatory intracortical networks the barrel cortex. Ex vivo a weakening of the excitatory projections between layers 4 and 2/3 which in the columns of vibrissae C was observed and declined function of the speed of the behavioural response. Finally, we used these same approaches in a Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) model mouse. To study the links between sensory deficits, associative learning, and functional alterations of sensory networks, we used a model of mutant mice in which the FXS pathology was targeted to the layer 4 of the somatosensory cortex. Our hypotheses were that behavioural conditioning would change the cortical sensory circuits of the FXS sensory mutant and that the abnormal plasticity of these circuits would in turn affect the performance. It was found the WT mice exhibited a similar depression, whereas it was absent FXS. In conclusion, wild type mouse and FXS sensory mutant studies shed light on the consequences of learning on sensory cortical networks and on the links between plasticity of sensory cortical networks and cognitive abilities
Urbanova, Veronika. "Electrodes poreuses pour applications (bio)analytiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14026/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present dissertation thesis the elaboration of porous electrodes via templating methods and their potential application in the field of environmental and neurobiological analysis are discussed. The electrodes of controlled porosity are characterized by an increased internal electroactive area and thus they can be used to enhance significantly the electrochemical performance. High surface area materials are promising for biosensing and more generally in electrochemical experiments. The first part of this work is focused on the elaboration of porous bismuth and antimony film electrodes. These porous electrodes show improved detection limits compared to non-porous one and thus open up promising applications in the field of trace analysis. The second part deals with overcoming limiting factors of microelectrode arrays in the context of extracellular recording and stimulating cellular neuronal networks or neural tissues in culture that can reveal information about interactions and synergetic features of nervous systems