Статті в журналах: "In-Plane magnetized thin films"

1

Moritz, J., G. Vinai, S. Auffret, and B. Dieny. "Two-bit-per-dot patterned media combining in-plane and perpendicular-to-plane magnetized thin films." Journal of Applied Physics 109, no. 8 (April 15, 2011): 083902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3572259.

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2

Robinson, S. J., J. Castro, and G. A. Gehring. "Morphology of domain walls in in-plane magnetized thin films with exchange and dipolar interactions." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 156, no. 1-3 (April 1996): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(95)00815-2.

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3

Zhou, Sai, Yiyue Wang, and Yaowen Liu. "Modelling of Magnetic Stray Fields in Multilayer Magnetic Films with In-Plane or Perpendicular Anisotropy." Magnetochemistry 8, no. 11 (November 19, 2022): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8110159.

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The magnetic stray field is an unavoidable consequence of magnetic multilayers, which may have a significant influence on the performance of spintronic devices. Based on Maxwell’s magnetostatics theory, here we numerically calculated the distributions of magnetic stray fields and self-demagnetizing fields in a series of patterned multilayer thin-film structures with either an in-plane or a perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic layer. The stray field above the ferromagnetic layer is inhomogeneous, showing the dramatic changes near the sample edge, but the uniformity in the center region could be improved with the increasing sample size. The stray field strength tends to zero for large samples, increases with the increase in the hard-layer thickness, and decreases with the increase in the distance D away from the ferromagnetic layer. In the multilayer samples, the separately simulated stray field and self-demagnetizing field within the soft layer agree well with the classic magnetostatic relationship of B=μ0(Hd+M). For the in-plane magnetized trilayer sample, the magnetic-flux density within the soft ferromagnetic layer slightly decreases in the antiparallel magnetization alignment and increases in the parallel alignment state with the increase in the intermediate non-magnetic-layer thickness. In contrast, for the sample with the perpendicular magnetization, the magnetic-flux density decreases as the non-magnetic layer is thickened for both the antiparallel and parallel state. This study may provide a theoretical basis for the design of thin-film spintronic devices.

4

Wiese, G., L. Buxman, P. Kabos, and C. E. Patton. "Parallel pumping fine structure at 9.4 GHz for in‐plane magnetized yttrium iron garnet thin films." Journal of Applied Physics 75, no. 2 (January 15, 1994): 1041–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356485.

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5

Ouardi, Siham, Takahide Kubota, Gerhard H. Fecher, Rolf Stinshoff, Shigemi Mizukami, Terunobu Miyazaki, Eiji Ikenaga, and Claudia Felser. "Stoichiometry dependent phase transition in Mn-Co-Ga-based thin films: From cubic in-plane, soft magnetized to tetragonal perpendicular, hard magnetized." Applied Physics Letters 101, no. 24 (December 10, 2012): 242406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4770303.

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6

Glas, M., D. Ebke, I. M. Imort, P. Thomas, and G. Reiss. "Anomalous Hall effect in perpendicularly magnetized thin films." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 333 (May 2013): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.12.040.

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7

Wu, Rui-xin, and John Q. Xiao. "Left-handed materials in magnetized metallic magnetic thin films." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 7, no. 1 (January 2006): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.a0071.

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8

Anyfantis, Dimitrios I., Camillo Ballani, Nikos Kanistras, Alexandros Barnasas, Vassilios Kapaklis, Georg Schmidt, Evangelos Th Papaioannou, and Panagiotis Poulopoulos. "Growth, Magnetic Anisotropies and Exchange Bias of Thin Ni0.95Fe0.05/NiFeO Multilayers." Coatings 12, no. 5 (May 4, 2022): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12050627.

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Ni0.95Fe0.05/NiFeO multilayers were fabricated by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and natural oxidation. Doping of Ni by only 5 at. % Fe results in enhanced layering quality as X-ray reflectivity reveals. Due to magnetostatic anisotropy, the multilayers were found to be in-plane magnetized. The influence of mild thermal annealing (T = 525 K) on the magnetic properties of NiFe/NiFeO multilayers is also investigated. Annealing results in the enhancement of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, mainly due to an increase in the uniaxial volume anisotropy term. Temperature-dependent hysteresis measurements between 4–400 K revealed considerable enhancement of coercivity and appearance of exchange bias effect.

9

Prieto, Pilar, Juan de la Figuera, Laura Martín-García, José Emilio Prieto, and José F. Marco. "Fourfold in-plane magnetic anisotropy of magnetite thin films grown on TiN buffered Si(001) by ion-assisted sputtering." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 32 (2016): 7632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc02152b.

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10

Hussain, R., Aakansha, B. Brahma, R. K. Basumatary, R. Brahma, S. Ravi, and S. K. Srivastava. "Sperimagnetism in Perpendicularly Magnetized Co-Tb Alloy-Based Thin Films." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 32, no. 12 (July 6, 2019): 4027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-019-05176-8.

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11

Zakharchuk, I. A., E. Mikhalitsyna, and Erkki Lähderanta. "Magnetic and Microstructure Study of Thin Films of FeCuNbMoSiB FINEMET Alloy." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.322.

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Thin films of FeCuNbMoSiB have been sputtered on Corning glass substrates with thicknesses varying from 10 to 200 nm with post annealing at 450 °C and 550 °C. Annealing in the presence of the magnetic field applied along the plane of a substrate develops an uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the in-plane easy axis. Estimation of the effective anisotropy constant from the magnetization measurements gave Keff = 3.23 kJ/m3. Structure and surface of the films were investigated with the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), resistivity measurements, and Raman spectroscopy. XRD and resistivity analyses show that thermal annealing at 550 °C improves the crystalline fraction and Fe-Si grain size. Raman spectra identified hematite, goethite, magnetite, as well as graphite contamination of film surfaces.

12

Iihama, Satoshi, Qinli Ma, Takahide Kubota, Shigemi Mizukami, Yasuo Ando, and Terunobu Miyazaki. "Damping of Magnetization Precession in Perpendicularly Magnetized CoFeB Alloy Thin Films." Applied Physics Express 5, no. 8 (July 12, 2012): 083001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/apex.5.083001.

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13

Krause, M. K., P. Esquinazi, M. Ziese, R. Höhne, A. Pan, A. Galkin, and E. Zeldov. "Out-of-plane stray field at magnetization reversal in epitaxial magnetite thin films." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 242-245 (April 2002): 1097–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(01)01107-6.

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14

Lei, Chao, Shu Chen, and Allan H. MacDonald. "Magnetized topological insulator multilayers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 44 (October 19, 2020): 27224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014004117.

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We discuss the magnetic and topological properties of bulk crystals and quasi–two-dimensional (quasi-2D) thin films formed by stacking intrinsic magnetized topological insulator (for example, Mn (SbxBi1−x)2X4with X = Se,Te) septuple layers and topological insulator quintuple layers in arbitrary order. Our analysis makes use of a simplified model that retains only Dirac cone degrees of freedom on both surfaces of each septuple or quintuple layer. We demonstrate the model’s applicability and estimate its parameters by comparing with ab initio density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. We then employ the coupled Dirac cone model to provide an explanation for the dependence of thin-film properties, particularly the presence or absence of the quantum anomalous Hall effect, on film thickness, magnetic configuration, and stacking arrangement, and to comment on the design of Weyl superlattices.

15

Wu, Han-Chun, Xiao Liu, Cormac Ó. Coileáin, Hongjun Xu, Mourad Abid, Mohamed Abid, Askar Syrlybekov, et al. "Competition Between Anti-Phase Boundaries and Charge-Orbital Ordering in Epitaxial Stepped Fe3O4(100) Thin Films." SPIN 07, no. 02 (November 22, 2016): 1750001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324717500011.

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Magnetite is a highly utilized transition metal oxide with many interesting magnetic and transport properties. The presence of anti-phase boundaries (APBs) and charge-orbital ordering (COO) are two of the most exciting properties of epitaxial magnetite thin films. Here, epitaxial stepped Fe3O4 films were prepared to investigate the competition between APBs and COO via measurements of in-plane anisotropy. The anisotropy was probed for two orthogonal configurations, with magnetic field applied or electrical-contacts aligned either along or perpendicular to the steps. We reveal that the APBs dominate the magnetic and transport properties of the films above the Verwey transition temperature ([Formula: see text]. However, below [Formula: see text] film thickness becomes a decisive factor in determining the magnetic nature of stepped magnetite films, due to its correlation with domain size. When the film is thinner than a critical thickness, the anisotropy is dominated by the APBs, and a higher anisotropy constant and MR ratio are observed when the magnetic field or contacts are oriented along the steps. Conversely, for sufficiently thick films, below [Formula: see text], the magnetic and electrical transport properties are dominated by COO. Thus a higher anisotropy constant and MR ratio are observed when the magnetic field or contacts are oriented perpendicular to the steps.

16

Li, Xingcun, Qiang Chen, Lijun Sang, Lizhen Yang, Zhongwei Liu, and Zhenduo Wang. "Atomic Layer Deposition Al2O3 Thin Films in Magnetized Radio Frequency Plasma Source." Physics Procedia 18 (2011): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2011.06.066.

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17

Sun, Jian Rong, Zhi Guang Wang, Yu Yu Wang, Kong Fang Wei, Tie Long Shen, Cun Feng Yao, Jie Gou, and Fa Shen Li. "Preparation and Modification of Magnetite Thin Films by Swift Kr-Ion Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 1012–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1012.

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Polycrystalline magnetite (Fe3O4) thin films is synthesized at low temperature (90 oC) by electroless plating in aqueous solution, and the behavior of the magnetic property of the Fe3O4 thin film irradiated by Kr26+ ions at energy of 2.03 GeV is investigated by magnetization measurements. The initial crystallographic structure of the Fe3O4 remains unaffected after swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation, but both coercive force and saturation magnetization are sensitive to Kr26+ ion irradiation and exhibit different behaviors depending on the ion fluence range. And SHI irradiation could make the magnetic moments of the Fe3O4 films ordered around the columnar defects and the magnetic moments tend to arrange along the films plane. All modifications of the magnetic properties could be interpreted very well by the effects related to the stress and defects induced by SHI irradiation.

18

Dziwoki, Adam, Bohdana Blyzniuk, Kinga Freindl, Ewa Madej, Ewa Młyńczak, Dorota Wilgocka-Ślęzak, Józef Korecki, and Nika Spiridis. "Magnetic-Field-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Engineering of Fe3O4 Ultrathin Films on MgO(111)." Materials 16, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041485.

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Molecular beam epitaxy is widely used for engineering low-dimensional materials. Here, we present a novel extension of the capabilities of this method by assisting epitaxial growth with the presence of an external magnetic field (MF). MF-assisted epitaxial growth was implemented under ultra-high vacuum conditions thanks to specialized sample holders for generating in-plane or out-of-plane MF and dedicated manipulator stations with heating and cooling options. The significant impact of MF on the magnetic properties was shown for ultra-thin epitaxial magnetite films grown on MgO(111). Using in situ and ex situ characterization methods, scanning tunneling microscopy, conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, and the magneto-optic Kerr effect, we showed that the in-plane MF applied during the reactive deposition of 10 nm Fe3O4(111)/MgO(111) heterostructures influenced the growth morphology of the magnetite films, which affects both in-plane and out-of-plane characteristics of the magnetization process. The observed changes are explained in terms of modification of the effective magnetic anisotropy.

19

FECHER, GERHARD H., DANIEL EBKE, SIHAM OUARDI, STEFANO AGRESTINI, CHANG-YANG KUO, NILS HOLLMANN, ZHIWEI HU, et al. "STATE OFCoANDMnIN HALF-METALLIC FERROMAGNETCo2MnSiEXPLORED BY MAGNETIC CIRCULAR DICHROISM IN HARD X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON EMISSION AND SOFT X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPIES." SPIN 04, no. 04 (December 2014): 1440017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324714400177.

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The half-metallic Heusler compound Co2MnSi is a very attractive material for spintronic devices because it exhibits very high tunnelling magnetoresistance ratios. This work reports on a spectroscopic investigation of thin Co2MnSi films as they are used as electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions. The investigated films exhibit a remanent in-plane magnetization with a magnetic moment of about 5 μBwhen saturated, as expected. The low coercive field of only 4 mT indicates soft magnetic behavior. Magnetic dichroism in emission and absorption was measured at the Co and Mn 2p core levels. The photoelectron spectra were excited by circularly polarized hard X-rays with an energy of 6 keV and taken from the remanently magnetized film. The soft X-ray absorption spectra were taken in an induction field of 4 T. Both methods yielded large dichroism effects. An analysis reveals the localized character of the electrons and magnetic moments attributed to the Mn atoms, whereas the electrons related to the Co atoms contribute an itinerant part to the total magnetic moment.

20

Hasegawa, K., M. Mizuguchi, Y. Sakuraba, T. Kamada, T. Kojima, T. Kubota, S. Mizukami, T. Miyazaki, and K. Takanashi. "Material dependence of anomalous Nernst effect in perpendicularly magnetized ordered-alloy thin films." Applied Physics Letters 106, no. 25 (June 22, 2015): 252405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922901.

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21

Sarma, Bhaskarjyoti, Felipe Garcia-Sanchez, S. Ali Nasseri, Arianna Casiraghi, and Gianfranco Durin. "Dynamics and morphology of chiral magnetic bubbles in perpendicularly magnetized ultra-thin films." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 456 (June 2018): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.01.075.

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22

He, Jialian, Zhong Zhang, Zhihao Bao, Guangai Sun, Xinxi Li, Xuepeng Qiu, Shiqiang Wang, Zhanshan Wang, Qiushi Huang, and Shengzhen Yi. "Effect of Ta Interlayers on Texture and Magnetic Properties of FeSi Films with Micrometer Thickness." Materials 15, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 6789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196789.

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Magnetized soft ferromagnetic films with micrometer thickness were studied. A FeSi film, with a total thickness of 2000 nm, separated by 10 nm-thick Ta interlayers, was fabricated using the direct-current magnetron sputtering technique. The thickness of each FeSi layer between adjacent Ta layers was 100 nm. Hysteresis loop measurement was used to characterize the magnetic properties of the layer. X-ray diffraction patterns and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize its texture. The experimental results showed that the FeSi film separated by Ta interlayers exhibited a lower saturation magnetization and a higher coercivity than those of the 1140 nm-thick FeSi film. The insertion of Ta interlayers resulted in the disappearance of the crystal plane of FeSi (221), and better texture of the crystal plane of FeSi (210). The FeSi film exhibited a crystal plane of FeSi (210) with a bcc crystalline structure. The Ta interlayers were partially amorphous, exhibiting crystal plane of Ta (002) and TaSi2 (310). The matching of magnetic properties between interlayers and soft magnetic layers played an important role in maintaining its soft magnetic properties.

23

Lou, Kaihua, Tunan Xie, Qianwen Zhao, Baiqing Jiang, ChaoChao Xia, Hanying Zhang, Zhihong Yao, and Chong Bi. "Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in as-deposited CoFeB/MgO thin films." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 12 (September 19, 2022): 122401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106414.

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Fabrication of perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic films on various buffer layers, especially on numerous newly discovered spin–orbit torque (SOT) materials to construct energy-efficient spin-orbitronic devices, is a long-standing challenge. Even for the widely used CoFeB/MgO structures, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) can only be established on limited buffer layers through post-annealing above 300 °C. Here, we report that the PMA of CoFeB/MgO films can be established reliably on various buffer layers in the absence of post-annealing. Further results show that precise control of MgO thickness, which determines oxygen diffusion in the underneath CoFeB layer, is the key to obtain the as-deposited PMA. Interestingly, contrary to the previous understanding, post-annealing does not significantly influence the well-established as-deposited PMA but indeed enhances unsaturated PMA with a thick MgO layer by modulating oxygen distributions, rather than crystallinity or Co– and Fe–O bonding. Moreover, our results indicate that oxygen diffusion also plays a critical role in PMA degradation at high temperatures. These results provide a practical approach to build spin-orbitronic devices based on various high-efficient SOT materials.

24

Zhu, L. J., and J. H. Zhao. "Electrical Transport of Perpendicularly Magnetized L10-MnGa and MnAl Films." SPIN 07, no. 03 (September 2017): 1730001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324717300018.

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Ferromagnetic films of [Formula: see text]-ordered MnGa and MnAl that exhibit giant perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and great controllability in the magnetism and structural disorders show promising applications not only in magnetic recording, permanent magnets and spintronics, but also in controllable studies of disorder-relevant electrical transport phenomena. In this paper, we review the intriguing experimental observations of the orbital two-channel Kondo effect and anomalous Hall effect in [Formula: see text]-ordered MnGa and MnAl thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We also give a perspective with regards to the future technological and fundamental applications of these perpendicularly magnetized Mn-based binary alloy films.

25

Gushi, Toshiki, Laurent Vila, Olivier Fruchart, Alain Marty, Stefania Pizzini, Jan Vogel, Fumiya Takata, et al. "Millimeter-sized magnetic domains in perpendicularly magnetized ferrimagnetic Mn4N thin films grown on SrTiO3." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 57, no. 12 (October 31, 2018): 120310. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.57.120310.

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26

Sinha, Banibrato, Sreekar Guddeti, and P. S. Anil Kumar. "Engineering the tilt angle in quasi-perpendicularly magnetized Ta/Pt/CoFeB/Pt thin films." Physica B: Condensed Matter 572 (November 2019): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2019.08.020.

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27

Mao, Si-Wei, Jun Lu, Long Yang, Xue-Zhong Ruan, Hai-Long Wang, Da-Hai Wei, Yong-Bing Xu, and Jian-Hua Zhao. "Ultrafast Magnetization Precession in Perpendicularly Magnetized L10-MnAl Thin Films with Co2MnSi Buffer Layers." Chinese Physics Letters 37, no. 5 (May 2020): 058501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/37/5/058501.

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28

Gottwald, M., M. Hehn, F. Montaigne, D. Lacour, G. Lengaigne, S. Suire, and S. Mangin. "Magnetoresistive effects in perpendicularly magnetized Tb-Co alloy based thin films and spin valves." Journal of Applied Physics 111, no. 8 (April 15, 2012): 083904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703666.

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29

Moulin, Johan, Iman Shahosseini, Marion Woytasik, Thi Hong Nhung Dinh, and Olivier Garel. "Magnetic Properties of NiFe and FeCuNbSiB Thin Films: Effect of Thickness on Static Permeability." Solid State Phenomena 233-234 (July 2015): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.233-234.705.

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The magnetic static permeability of sputtered FeCuNbSiB and electrodeposited NiFe patterns with thicknesses varying from 0.1 to 8 μm has been studied. The permeability varies proportionally with the pattern size/thickness ratio, like for uniformly magnetized patterns. Different hypothesis on this variation have been investigated and a critical analysis favors a demagnetizing effect. The comparison between experimental results and the theoretical value of the demagnetizing factor of squares plates confirms MOKE imaging, i.e. large magnetic domains but a non-uniform magnetization in the samples.

30

Sankhi, Babu Ram, Ujjal Lamichhane, Soumya Mandal, Ritesh Sachan, Emrah Turgut, and Derek Meyers. "Interface Effects on Magnetic Anisotropy and Domain Wall Depinning Fields in Pt/Co/AlOx Thin Films." Magnetochemistry 8, no. 11 (November 12, 2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8110154.

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We report the dependence of the domain wall depinning field, domain wall velocity, including anisotropy direction, and magnetic properties on the oxidized aluminum thickness of perpendicularly magnetized asymmetric Pt/Co/AlOx trilayers. We also adopt the low-temperature magneto-transport measurement technique to investigate the amount of oxygen at the Co/AlOx interface of our magnetic thin films. At the lowest temperature of 25 K, it is found that the coercivity for the 5 nm aluminum thickness sample is very close to the average value and coercivity diminished above and below this critical aluminum thickness, hinting at a large variation in CoOx content at the interface. This tendency is also consistent with the modification of the depinning fields, coercive fields, and surface roughness measured at room temperature. Our results highlight an efficient way of controlling the depinning fields and other magnetic characteristics, which is important for stabilizing and driving magnetic spin textures and applicable to energy-efficient next-generation spintronics devices.

31

Alaridhee, Tahseen A., Fatima H. Malk, and Abdullah A. Hussein. "Effect of Static Magnetic Field on <i>Anchusa-Italica</i>-Doped Pentacene." Materials Science Forum 1065 (June 30, 2022): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-k0jc2n.

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This work is devoted to the influence of magnetized water on dye extracted from Anchusa Italica plant and doped pentacene thin films. The findings resulted in optoelectronic behavior, showing that using magnetized water in the extraction process gives rise to distinct and superior characteristics as compared to using regular water. The Fourier-transform infrared method was used to analyze the structural properties of an Anchusa Italica-doped pentacene thin film. A comparative study on two samples was carried out: the first sample was affected by a static magnetic field and the other one was not. Optical properties including the absorption spectra absorption coefficient, optical energy gap, conventional and refractive factors were investigated by applying ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy ranging from 300 to 900 nm. The estimated band gap edge of the dye/doped pentacene affected with magnetization was reduced from 2.61 to 1.76 eV and converted into the recommended direct band gap to contribute to optical systems. The absorption spectra of the sample with magnetization effect appears to be more efficient than the one extracted using regular water. The power transmission coefficients (indirect to direct) were also affected because of the magnetic extraction procedure. The complex refractive index was used to study the magnetization effect on the resonance mode and transparent indicator. The absorption index was enhanced to 570 nm in the spectrum, whereas there was also a low attenuation coefficient. This is the first time that magnetized sol has been used in dye extraction processes.

32

Stiles, Peter John. "Transient Isothermal Roll-Cell Convection in Thin Horizontal Layers of Vertically Magnetized Ferrofluids." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 181, no. 2 (August 1996): 667–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1996.0426.

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33

Abedini-Nassab, Roozbeh, and Ali Emamgholizadeh. "Controlled Transport of Magnetic Particles and Cells Using C-Shaped Magnetic Thin Films in Microfluidic Chips." Micromachines 13, no. 12 (December 8, 2022): 2177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122177.

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Single-cell analysis is an emerging discipline that has shown a transformative impact in cell biology in the last decade. Progress in this field requires systems capable of accurately moving the cells and particles in a controlled manner. Here, we present a microfluidic platform equipped with C-shaped magnetic thin films to precisely transport magnetic particles in a tri-axial rotating magnetic field. This innovative system, compared to the other rivals, offers numerous advantages. The magnetic particles repel each other to prevent undesired cluster formation. Many particles move synced with the external rotating magnetic field, which results in highly parallel controlled particle transport. We show that the particle transport in this system is analogous to electron transport and Ohm’s law in electrical circuits. The proposed magnetic transport pattern is carefully studied using both simulations and experiments for various parameters, including the magnetic field characteristics, particle size, and gap size in the design. We demonstrate the appropriate transport of both magnetic beads and magnetized living cells. We also show a pilot mRNA-capturing experiment with barcode-carrying magnetic beads. The introduced chip offers fundamental potential applications in the fields of single-cell biology and bioengineering.

34

Granados, X., S. Iliescu, B. Bozzo, E. Bartolome, Teresa Puig, X. Obradors, J. Amorós, and M. Carrera. "Magnetic Mapping - A Way to Test and Understand Current Flows in Thin and Bulk Superconductors." Advances in Science and Technology 47 (October 2006): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.47.1.

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Nondestructive testing of superconducting blocks and thin films is a worth point in their development and their industrial production. The most intrinsic characteristic to be tested is the critical current, so is the maximum current can be carried in the superconducting state. The measurement of the current flowing through the samples could be done by direct transport experiments but this means using specific samples, and only the mean current may be found. Distribution of current density in the sample is more relevant because it yields the map of inhomogeneity of the samples, and its effect in the current density distribution. Magnetic measurements have been developed by Hall scanning and magneto-optical effect, allowing the mapping of the component of the magnetic field perpendicular to a surface of the sample created by the current distribution. By solving the inverse Biot-Savart problem a map of current densities can be obtained. We will present the status of the magnetic measurements obtained by exploring superconducting bulks and tapes magnetized by an external field and the magnetic map generated by the current carried through superconducting wires.

35

Abedini-Nassab, Roozbeh, Zahra Aldaghi, and Yaping Dan. "Magnetophoretic capacitors for storing single particles and magnetized cells in microfluidic devices." Biomicrofluidics 16, no. 4 (July 2022): 044110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101907.

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Precise positioning of magnetic particles and magnetized cells in lab-on-a-chip systems has attracted broad attention. Recently, drawing inspiration from electrical circuits, we have demonstrated a magnetic particle transport platform composed of patterned magnetic thin films in a microfluidic environment, which accurately moves the particles and single cells to specific spots, called capacitors. However, we have made no prior attempts to optimize the capacitor geometry. Here, we carefully analyze various design parameters and their effect on capacitor operation. We run simulations based on finite element methods and stochastic numerical analysis using our semi-analytical model. We then perform the required experiments to study the loading efficiency of capacitors with different geometries for magnetic particles of multiple sizes. Our experimental results agree well with the design criteria we developed based on our simulation results. We also show the capability of designed capacitors in storing the magnetically labeled cells and illustrate using them in a pilot drug screening application. These results are directly applicable to the design of robust platforms capable of transporting and assembling a large number of single particles and single cells in arrays, which are useful in the emerging field of single-cell analysis.

36

Radovskaya, V. V., E. A. Mamonov, I. Yu Pashen’kin, N. S. Gusev, and T. V. Murzina. "Magneto-optical effects in second harmonic generation from W/Co/Pt nanofilms." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2015/1/012117.

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Abstract Interfaces between ferromagnetic metals and nonmagnetic specimen attract much attention as they are very important for the formation of magnetic properties of nanostructures. Vice versa, specific magnetic ordering at such interfaces may provide new effects in their optical and nonlinear optical response. In this work we study the magnetization-induced effects in optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in W/Co/Pt-based thin films with the thicknesses of the Co layer of 2 – 10 nm. Besides common odd in magnetization effects in the SHG intensity, we observe additional one that is not expected for homogeneously magnetized ferromagnetic films, which consists in modulation of p-polarized SHG intensity under longitudinal magnetic field application. The phenomenological description of the observed effect is performed in terms of gradient and second-order in magnetization contributions to the SHG polarization, where gradient of magnetization along the normal to the structure plays the key role.

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Korzhimanov, Artem V. "Generation of Cold Magnetized Relativistic Plasmas at the Rear of Thin Foils Irradiated by Ultra-High-Intensity Laser Pulses." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 11966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411966.

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A scheme to generate magnetized relativistic plasmas in a laboratory setting is proposed. It is based on the interaction of ultra-high-intensity sub-picosecond laser pulses with few-micron-thick foils or films. By means of Particle-In-Cell simulations, it is shown that energetic electrons produced by the laser and evacuated at the rear of the target trigger an expansion of the target, building up a strong azimuthal magnetic field. It is shown that in the expanding plasma sheath, a ratio of the magnetic pressure and the electron rest-mass energy density exceeds unity, whereas the plasma pressure is lower than the magnetic pressure and the electron gyroradius is lower than the plasma dimension. This scheme can be utilized to study astrophysical extreme phenomena such as relativistic magnetic reconnection in laboratory.

38

Lee, Heung-Shik. "Effect of Graphene Thin Layer on a Static and Dynamic Magnetostrictive Behavior in TbDyFe Multi-Layered Film for Micro Energy Devices." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 6776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18776.

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Magnetos-mechanical behaviors of TbDyFe/Graphene/TbDyFe film were compared with a tri-layered TbDyFe film to verify the effects of a graphene thin layer on the improvement of magnetic-mechanical performance, as well as decrease of dynamic response time under the low magnetic field. Both of the Heisenberg model and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation were used to calculate the magnetic domain motion. Time consumptions were simulated to determine a uniformly magnetized state in Graphene and TbDyFe layers. To ensure the magnetostrictive characteristics, the magnetic moment and the magnetostriction were measured using a fabricated magnetostrictive actuator. Compare to the three-layer TbDyFe films, TbDyFe/Graphene/TbDyFe showed a higher magnetostrictive behavior in response to low coercive forces in the range of 0 to 10 kA/m, even with the addition of low magnetic fields. The dynamic magnetostriction response time was faster than the tri-layered TbDyFe film by approximately 24 millisecond.

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Khanduri, H., S. A. Khan, Mukesh C. Dimri, J. Link, R. Stern, I. Sulania, and D. K. Avasthi. "Perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetism in Mn/Al bilayer thin films on Si substrates induced by temperature dependent ion beam mixing." Physica Scripta 96, no. 10 (July 15, 2021): 105806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac119b.

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40

SCHICKETANZ, M., A. OELSNER, G. H. FECHER, J. MORAIS, and G. SCHÖNHENSE. "MAGNETIC COUPLING OF ALKALI AND RARE-GAS FILMS ADSORBED ON A FERROMAGNETIC SURFACE." Surface Review and Letters 09, no. 02 (April 2002): 895–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x02003123.

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The observation of magnetic circular dichroism in the angular distribution of photoelectrons (MCDAD) from alkali and rare-gas films adsorbed on a thin remanently magnetized Co layer is reported. The observation of an antisymmetric MCDAD near normal emission for Co(0001)–Cs 5p semi core level is shown. The reversed magnetization leads to a mirror-image-like distribution. The second system under investigation, physisorbed Co(0001)–Xe 5p, does not give such an but shows significant differences in the MCDAD signal for both directions of magnetization, in particular in the |mj| substates of the p3/2 level. A magnetic coupling between Xe and Co is evident when we take results of spin-resolved photoemission into account.

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Ahmed, Khalid Abdelazez Mohamed. "λ-MnO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films with Sponge-Like Structures: Synthesis, Characterization and Physiochemical Applications". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 21, № 5 (24 вересня 2021): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.64392.

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Manganese dioxide has acquired significant research attentiveness in many fields over the past years because of its exciting physicochemical features. The magnetized λ-MnO2 thin films with sponge-like structures (TSLs) were prepared by hydrothermal-soft chemical and delithiation-lithium manganese process. The XRD, XPS, EDX, FESEM, TEM, HR-TEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques were used to characterize the as-prepared product’s structure composition, morphology, and surface area. The particle growth details of λ-MnO2 are postulated by the oxidation-ionic change-delithiation (OID) mechanism. The electrochemical property was analyzed by galvanostatic discharge-charging, electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Special attention of λ-MnO2 S.L.s is given to their applications in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) from wastewater under O2 air bubble pump and cathodic substance in the lithium-ion battery. Due to the peculiarity crystal form and morphology face, the λ-MnO2 TSLs might be promisingly applied in the various physicochemical area.

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Hamdan, Ahmad, Georges Al Makdessi, and Joëlle Margot. "Synthesis of amorphous hydrogenated carbon thin films by magnetized radio-frequency discharge in argon–acetylene mixture at very low gas pressure." Thin Solid Films 599 (January 2016): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.12.057.

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Maji, Saikat, Ankan Mukhopadhyay, Soubhik Kayal, and P. S. Anil Kumar. "Domain wall chirality reversal by interfacial engineering in Pt/Co/Pt based perpendicularly magnetized systems." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 2 (January 14, 2023): 023907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117198.

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Heavy metal/ferromagnet interfaces in systems with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) hosts chiral Néel wall with the assistance of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (iDMI). We have investigated field induced domain wall motion in the creep regime to estimate the effective iDMI strength, [Formula: see text] of sputter-deposited Ta/Pt/Co/Pt and Ta/Pt/Co/Au/Pt thin films that exhibit PMA. Two similar Pt/Co interfaces on either side of the Co layer in the Ta/Pt/Co/Pt system lead to a small [Formula: see text] with a negative sign that supports the Néel type domain wall of right-handed chirality. Ultrathin Au layers of different thicknesses have been deposited at the top Co/Pt interface to introduce asymmetry around the Co layer and control the [Formula: see text]. Here, two interfaces (Pt/Co and Au/Co) of opposite iDMI polarity have been chosen to invert the domain wall chirality to the left-handed chirality instead of the right-handed chirality found in the Ta/Pt/Co/Pt system.

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Okabayashi, Jun, Hiroaki Sukegawa, Zhenchao Wen, Koichiro Inomata, and Seiji Mitani. "Large anisotropic Fe orbital moments in perpendicularly magnetized Co2FeAl Heusler alloy thin films revealed by angular-dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 10 (September 2, 2013): 102402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4819915.

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45

Jiao, Xiankai, Zongzhi Zhang, and Yaowen Liu. "Modeling of Temperature Dependence of Magnetization in TbFe Films — An Atomistic Spin Simulation Study." SPIN 06, no. 01 (March 2016): 1650003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201032471650003x.

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In this paper, we performed spin simulations at atomistic level to study the temperature dependent properties of perpendicularly magnetized TbFe thin films. The crystallographically amorphous feature of TbFe ferrimagnetic alloys is modeled by using a lattice system with disordered site occupation of rare earth (RE) and transition metal (TM) spins. The simulated Curie temperature ([Formula: see text]) is consistent well with the mean-field approximation theory. With the increase of Tb concentration, the [Formula: see text] decreases almost linearly, whereas the magnetization compensation temperature ([Formula: see text]) increases gradually until the [Formula: see text] value is reached. The inter-sublattice exchange coupling strength [Formula: see text] between the RE and TM atoms can significantly affect [Formula: see text], but has less impact on [Formula: see text]. With the increase of Tb concentration, the TbFe sample of high [Formula: see text] exhibits a much faster increase in [Formula: see text] than the sample with low [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we have tested the simulation code to model the laser pulse induced ultrafast nonequilibrium spin dynamics. As an example, the femto-second pulse laser induced demagnetization and recovery process is clearly reproduced. These features are in a good agreement with the experiments, indicating that the simulation model can capture the basic physics in describing the high temperature dependent magnetic property as well as the ultrafast spin dynamics.

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Kaiya, Yuki, Shota Nishiyama, Syuta Honda, Hiroyoshi Itoh, and Tomokatsu Ohsawa. "Oblique drive tolerance of elliptical skyrmions moving in perpendicularly magnetized nanowire." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 7 (November 9, 2021): 075001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac3454.

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Abstract A magnetic skyrmion is stabilized via the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in a perpendicularly magnetized thin nanowire. When the skyrmion is driven by a spin-transfer torque due to spin currents flowing through the wire, the skyrmion approaches the wire edge owing to the skyrmion Hall effect. In other words, the skyrmion moves obliquely along the longitudinal direction of the wire. The skyrmion often breaks or disappears because of this oblique motion. In this study, we propose an elliptical skyrmion to prevent this disappearance. We simulated the current-induced motion of an elliptical skyrmion produced in a wire through a micromagnetic approach. The elliptical skyrmion was also moved obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the wire. When a small current flowed through the wire, the skyrmion moved in the longitudinal direction of the wire after it approached the wire edge. When a larger current flowed through the wire, the skyrmion disappeared after it approached the wire edge. The elliptical skyrmion can be driven over a long distance with a larger current compared to a circular skyrmion. The motion of the skyrmion approaching the wire edge was analyzed using Thiele’s equation, with an external force. We estimated the external force from the simulation results of the skyrmion motion. The external force was proportional to the distance between the skyrmion edge and the wire edge. The results of this study indicate that using the elliptical skyrmion as a binary digit in a magnetic memory, such as a skyrmion-based racetrack memory, can be advantageous in term of the stability of the binary digit.

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Wei, Chunyun, Hongjia Xie, Zixuan Liu, Xinfeng Zhai, Hongna Zhang, and Xiaobin Li. "Control on Flow Separation over a Cylinder by a Ferrofluid Film Adsorbed by a Magnet." Inventions 9, no. 3 (June 4, 2024): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions9030065.

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Flow separation can lead to increased resistance and vibration generation, which is a difficult problem that cannot be ignored in engineering. In this paper, we propose a method of controlling flow separation by adsorbing ferrofluid onto the surface of a magnetized cylinder, taking the common flow around a cylinder as an example. Parametric effects of the ferrofluid film, including its viscosity and thickness, on the flow behavior were investigated in terms of the vortex shedding process, velocity distribution, dominant frequency, pressure distribution, and the flow motion inside the ferrofluid film. The results indicate that the ferrofluid film can suppress the generation of flow separation and achieve effective control, which is mainly caused by wall slip and the internal movement of the ferrofluid film. Furthermore, the flow separation control effect of ferrofluid thin films with different parameters varies, with low-viscosity ferrofluid exhibiting a superior control effect.

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Graves, David B., and Richard A. Gottscho. "Computer Applications in Plasma Materials Processing." MRS Bulletin 16, no. 2 (February 1991): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400057602.

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In manufacturing microelectronic and optoelectronic devices, thin solid films of various sorts are routinely deposited and etched using low pressure, weakly ionized plasmas. The term “plasma” in this context implies an ionized gas with nearly equal numbers of positive and negative charges. This definition is not very restrictive, so. there are an enormous number of phenomena that are termed plasmas. For example, very hot, magnetized, fully ionized plasmas exist in stellar environments and thermonuclear fusion experiments. High temperature electric arcs are a form of plasma as well. In contrast, the plasmas used in electronic materials processing are near room temperature and the gas is usually weakly ionized. Indeed, due to the sensitivity of electronic devices to high temperatures, their low operating temperature is one of the major advantages of plasma processes.Plasma processing is attractive because of two important physiochemical effects: energetic free electrons in the plasma (heated by applied electric fields) dissociate the neutral gas in the plasma to create chemically reactive species; and free positive ions are accelerated by the plasma electric fields to surfaces bounding the plasma. Reactive species created in the plasma diffuse to surfaces and adsorb; wafers to be processed are typically placed on one of these surfaces.The combination of neutral species adsorption and positive ion bombardment results in surface chemical reaction. If the products of the surface reaction are volatile, they leave the surface and etching results. If the products are involatile, a surface film grows.

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Morel, Erwan, Yoann Rozier, Charles Ballages, Remy Bazinette, Thomas Forchard, Christophe Creusot, Alain Girodet, and Tiberiu Minea. "Behavior of high current density pulsed magnetron discharge with a graphite target." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 30, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 125001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ac3341.

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Abstract Conventional magnetron discharge with a graphite target is a technology used worldwide to deposit thin films for a large range of applications. In the last decade, the high current density sputtering regime stands out as a very interesting alternative allowing the tailoring of coating properties. The peak power density normalized to the target area can exceed 107 W m−2, leading to an important ionization of the sputtered atoms. In this paper we focused on the electrical characterization of a magnetized plasma operated at average gas pressure (5 Pa; Ar and He) with a graphite target. A cross-correlation with a high-speed gated camera and optical emission spectroscopy measurements of the plasma evolution is also given. The analysis of the plasma–surface interaction zone on the target unveiled the physical mechanisms associated with the high current density range (1.8–32.5 A cm−2), corresponding to several regimes of discharge. For graphite, it will be demonstrated that the gas rarefaction induced by the vapor wind is negligible due to its low sputtering yield. Thus, the gas recycling is the dominant mechanism sustaining the discharge, even for the higher discharge current regime when a spot is present. Spokes and other instabilities were also identified and are discussed.

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Ignatyeva, Daria O., Pavel O. Kapralov, Kiran Horabail Prabhakara, Hiroki Yoshikawa, Arata Tsukamoto, and Vladimir I. Belotelov. "Magnetization Switching in the GdFeCo Films with In-Plane Anisotropy via Femtosecond Laser Pulses." Molecules 26, no. 21 (October 23, 2021): 6406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216406.

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Ferrimagnetic rare-earth substituted metal alloys GdFeCo were shown to exhibit the phenomenon of all-optical magnetization switching via femtosecond laser pulses. All-optical magnetization switching has been comprehensively investigated in out-of-plane magnetized GdFeCo films; however, the films with the in-plane magnetic anisotropy have not yet been studied in detail. We report experimental observations of the magnetization switching of in-plane magnetized GdFeCo films by means of the femtosecond laser pulses in the presence of a small magnetic field of about 40 µT. The switching effect has a threshold both in the applied magnetic field and in the light intensity.

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