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Статті в журналах з теми "In-depth road accident database"
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Bukova-Zideluna, A., A. Villerusa, and A. Lama. "An overview on pedestrians involved in traffic accidents in Latvia: Years 2010-2014." SHS Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184001004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Latvian national road accident statistics shows that for the vulnerable road users’ situation is critical, since pedestrians are involved in more than a quarter of road traffic accidents. This paper gives an analysis on pedestrians involved in road traffic accidents based on the road safety accident database in Latvia for the years 2010–2014. The total number of cases does not change significantly, however there has been an increase in pedestrian fatality rates over the period. From the total number of traffic accidents with pedestrians involved 92.4% had injuries, 6.8% were lethal cases and others didn't suffer from injuries. Out of 342 fatalities 37.7% occurred during the winter period, 56.1% in adverse weather (overcast, fog, rain or snow), 69.9% during twilight or darkness and 26.9% on weekends. Out of all accidents 55.3% occurred in the capital city Riga, but fatality rate was higher on main state roads. 8.1% of the total number of pedestrians involved in road traffic accidents was found to have alcohol in their blood right after the road traffic accident. Fatality rate was higher for those with exceeded BAC. Pedestrian injury risk analysis was associated with demographical and traffic-related factors, urbanization, visibility and seasonal patterns.
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Pitaksringkarn, Jumrus, Ladda Tanwanichkul, and Kwanruen Yamthale. "A correlation between pavement skid resistance and wet-pavement related accidents in Thailand." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 02049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819202049.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aims to study a correlation between a pavement skid resistance and wet-pavement related accidents in order to determine the minimum friction threshold so called ’Investigatory Level (IL)’ for the roads in Thailand. An accident database, a skid resistance database and a traffic volume of road network from the department of Highways, totalling 19 routes and 386kilometers, were used in the analysis of this study. In the analysis, 500-meter subsection intervals are used to determine a correlation between an average pavement skid resistance and wet-pavement accident rate using a non-linear regression analysis model. It was discovered that the pavement skid resistance has a major influence on the accident rate, depending on various types of road geometry. Moreover, the preliminary investigatory level is determined by using a past accident rate information as a reference for an investigatory level basis. We discover that the single carriageway (non-event) road is at highest threat due to low pavement skid resistance. The recommended investigatory level for each of the five road geometries all site, single carriageway, dual carriageway, horizontal alignment and curve road categories are 035, 0.50, 0.30, 0.30, and 0.40, respectively, which are in accordance to the investigatory level values in other countries.
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Bhalla, P., S. Tripathi, and S. Palria. "Road Traffic Accident Analysis of Ajmer City Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technology." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (December 23, 2014): 1455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-1455-2014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With advancement in technology, new and sophisticated models of vehicle are available and their numbers are increasing day by day. A traffic accident has multi-facet characteristics associated with it. In India 93% of crashes occur due to Human induced factor (wholly or partly). For proper traffic accident analysis use of GIS technology has become an inevitable tool. The traditional accident database is a summary spreadsheet format using codes and mileposts to denote location, type and severity of accidents. Geo-referenced accident database is location-referenced. It incorporates a GIS graphical interface with the accident information to allow for query searches on various accident attributes. Ajmer city, headquarter of Ajmer district, Rajasthan has been selected as the study area. According to Police records, 1531 accidents occur during 2009–2013. Maximum accident occurs in 2009 and the maximum death in 2013. Cars, jeeps, auto, pickup and tempo are mostly responsible for accidents and that the occurrence of accidents is mostly concentrated between 4PM to 10PM. <br><br> GIS has proved to be a good tool for analyzing multifaceted nature of accidents. While road safety is a critical issue, yet it is handled in an adhoc manner. This Study is a demonstration of application of GIS for developing an efficient database on road accidents taking Ajmer City as a study. If such type of database is developed for other cities, a proper analysis of accidents can be undertaken and suitable management strategies for traffic regulation can be successfully proposed.
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Meer, Jaffar Hussian, Sukhdeep Singh, and Komalpreet Singh. "Road Accidental Analysis and Identify the Black Spot." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (September 1, 2020): 871–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug606.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increase in motor vehicles accompanied with expansion of roads has brought with it the challenge of addressing the adverse influence of road traffic accidents. Road incidents are a nationwide cataclysm with ever increasing trend which incurs a human health and development challenge and highly affect the human capital development of every nation. A mortality rate database (WHO, 2002) assures that India has highest number of accidents. Accident Black Spots are those locations on the road which have higher severity of accident either in terms of numbers or in terms of injuries. In this paper, efforts have been made to identify the location of accident black spots on national highway from singhpora pattan to panthachowk srinagar.The present era accidents are contributing major deaths worldwide due to increase in vehicular traffic.It has been estimated that every year 1.38 lakh lose their limbs and 6 lakh people get injured in road accidents in india.our country incurs a loss of 58000 crore each year due to road accidents. The most used roads to travel from jalandhar in punjab to uri in kashmir is NH-1A.The old name for NH-44 is NH-1A which was replaced after renumbering of all national highways in year 2010. In this report,the analysis includes study of some major accident spots or busy intersections in the NH-1A in between Pantha chowkh Srinagar to Singhpora Pattan.The study includes visiting sites,collecting required data for analysis and derives the results and remedies from what we had got. This report will be containing the material surveyed,pictures of road at different locations ,road details,figures,material for understanding of the unknown and finally the conclusion
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Olszewski, P., B. Osińska, P. Szagała, P. Skoczyński, and A. Zielińska. "Problems with Assessing Safety of Vulnerable Road Users Based on Traffic Accident Data." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0113.
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AbstractThe problem of poor quality of traffic accident data assembled in national databases has been addressed in European project InDeV. Vulnerable road users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and moped riders) are especially affected by underreporting of accidents and misreporting of injury severity. Analyses of data from the European CARE database shows differences between countries in accident number trends as well as in fatality and injury rates which are difficult to explain. A survey of InDeV project partners from 7 EU countries helped to identify differences in their countries in accident and injury definitions as well as in reporting and data checking procedures. Measures to improve the quality of accident data are proposed such as including pedestrian falls in accident statistics, precisely defining minimum injury and combining police accident records with hospital data.
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Shlionchak, Ihor, Oleksandr Lukianchenko, and Valerii Harenko. "Research of Speed Factor and Methods of Speed Determination During Auto Technical Examination." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 2, no. 5(36) (2022): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2022.5(36).2.206-212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The publication notes that the rapid motorization of Ukraine has naturally led to the need to ensure road safety at a new modern level. It has been established that one of the effective measures to improve the road safety system is speed control. This, in turn, involves appropriate regulation of the permitted speeds. Determining the speed of vehicles helps to establish a causal link between the driver's actions and the accident. It is concluded that the most significant cause of road accidents with serious consequences and deaths is the wrong choice of speed. The following issues require further, more in-depth study: methodological aspects of determining the speed of movement of ATZ, which are based on the use of the laws of conservation of the amount of movement; construction of a mathematical model of the interaction of a car wheel with a boundary obstacle; statistical studies on the formation and updating of the database on stiffness and damping parameters of modern suspensions and the coefficient of adhesion; comparative assessment of the probability of traditional and improved methods of calculating vehicle speeds before a collision in a road accident; development of proposals for instrumental provision of a mobile laboratory for the reconstruction of road accidents at the scene of the incident.
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Montero-Salgado, Juan Pablo, Jose Muñoz-Sanz, Blanca Arenas-Ramírez, and Cristina Alén-Cordero. "Identification of the Mechanical Failure Factors with Potential Influencing Road Accidents in Ecuador." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 7787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137787.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Road traffic accidents result in injury or even death of passengers. One potential cause of these accidents is mechanical failures due to a lack of vehicle maintenance. In the quest to identify these mechanical failures, this paper aims to set up the procedure to identify the mechanical failures that contribute to traffic accidents in cities located in developing countries, including the city of Cuenca-Ecuador. For present research, a database provided by the entity responsible for the Vehicle Technical Inspection, the Empresa Pública Municipal de Movilidad, Tránsito y Transporte and for the ones responsible of managing traffic accident data, Oficina de Investigación de Accidentes de Tránsito and Sección de Investigación de Accidentes de Tránsito was used. The vehicle subcategories M1 and M3 (bus type) and N1, so named according to Ecuadorian technical standards, were considered the most relevant regarding accident rates. The database was analysed with descriptive statistics, a Pareto chart and time series with the quadratic trend. From this analysis, the most significant failures found in the VTI in all three subcategories were the alignment of the driver headlight, both horizontal and vertical, braking imbalance on the 2nd axle, insufficient tire tread and parking brake effectiveness. All these failures showed a decreasing trend over time and in the forecast at a maximum of two to three years. The most relevant causes of road accidents recorded during the period 2009–2018 related to mechanical failures were the braking system (65.5%) and the steering system (17.2%) for subcategory M1.
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Sai Liu, Sai Liu, Zhen-Jiang Zhang Sai Liu, and Zi-Hang Yu Zhen-Jiang Zhang. "Research on Liability Identification System of Road Traffic Accident." 電腦學刊 33, no. 1 (February 2022): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199115992022023301020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>With the rapid development of social economy and the increasing improvement of people’s living standards, car ownership is increasing exponentially, and road traffic accidents occur frequently. The identification of liability of traffic accident is an important problem in accident handling, which relates to the life and property interests of the litigants concerned. At present, the identification of liability of traffic accident basically depends on the manual judgment of law enforcement department, which is influenced by the experience and human feelings of law enforcement personnel, and has certain randomness and uncertainty. This paper proposes a traffic accident intelligent responsibility identification system based on Case-based Reasoning and D-S Evidence Theory. In the process of liability identification, Case-based Reasoning and D-S Evidence Theory are combined to analyze cases in case database. According to the case similarity, the basic probability of the litigants bearing the main liability is fused to obtain the probability interval of each litigant bearing the main liability, so as to determine the main liability person of the accident. By testing in real cases, the method proposed in this paper has achieved outstanding effect in identifying the main liability of traffic accidents.</p> <p> </p>
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Mishra, Divya. "A Review on Impact Analysis of Accident Using AI." Journal of Informatics Electrical and Electronics Engineering (JIEEE) 2, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jieee/002.02.005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, road collisions have become a global problem and have been classified as the 10th leading cause of death in the world. Due to the large number of road losses consistently, it has become a major problem in Bangladesh. It is totally unacceptable and sad to allow a citizen to kill in a road accident. The purpose is to show you how to extract logical data from a raw database and visualize it. The results show that hourly planning, day-to-day intelligence, lunar intelligence and year-round planning allow you to look at how road accidents change over time. Two types of road accidents have occurred in particular, and data analysis of road accidents have led to conclusions that will help reduce the number of accidents.
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SUNKPHO, Jirapon, and Warit WIPULANUSAT. "The Role of Data Visualization and Analytics of Highway Accidents." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2020.10739.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thailand has been ranked as one of the most dangerous countries in terms of death from road accidents, representing ineffective road safety policies. The crucial mission of the Thai government is to provide safety and reduce accidents for road users on the highway system. This paper aims to explore the potential of using Business Intelligence (BI) in accident analysis. The availability of open accident data provides an opportunity for the BI, which can provide an advanced platform for conducting data visualization and analytics in both spatial and temporal dimensions in order to illustrate when and where the accidents occur. The accident data and provincial data were combined by using the Talend Data Integration tool. The combined data was then loaded into a MySQL database for data visualization using Tableau. The dashboard was designed and created by using Tableau as an analytical visualization tool to provide insights into highway accidents. This system is advised to be adopted by the Thai government, which can be used for data visualization and analytics to provide a mechanism to formulate strategy options and formulate appropriate contingency plans to improve the accident situation.
Дисертації з теми "In-depth road accident database"
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Lupton, K. "Defining and using road network data in an accident database." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.568501.
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PIANTINI, SIMONE. "In-depth Metropolitan Road Accident Database Development and Accident Analysis." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/868318.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is inevitable that the members of our contemporary society must move and interact with road infrastructures and vehicles and this exposes them to the high risk of injuries and fatalities. Road safety recognizes this risk and the safety need for all road users involved in road traffic. Globally, motorcyclists, cyclists and pedestrians are the road users most vulnerable and in high-income countries these types of accidents happened principally in urban areas.
The aim of road safety is the elimination of fatal crashes and the reduction of serious injuries through the provision of a safe transport system that takes into account the possibility of human error and the vulnerability of people to serious injury.
The approach most commonly employed for this purpose is the study of real-world road accidents, and more in particular, the in-depth investigation of the accidents. Through these investigations it is possible to discover the response of the vehicles and infrastructure to the crash as well as human behaviour and the injury mechanisms.
This typology research is strongly recommended by the state-of-the-art of the road accident. The European Union recommends the development of new independent bodies as well as the use of comparable data sets. This is the leading motivation that defines the framework of the present research and the fact that there is a lack of in-depth data on road accidents coming from southern Europe compared to that of northern Europe.
Accordingly, the in-depth investigation methodology is defined and the in-depth road accident database is described. Overall, a collection of 80 road accidents which principally occurred in urban areas have been studied. The main injury mechanisms and injury causes by road user types are described. An accident causation factor analysis on pedestrian and powered two-wheel users has been carried out. Finally, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the pedestrian protection system has been performed based on real-world data and a pilot demonstration project has been completed.
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Mynhardt, Danie Christo. "An integrated data management model on road traffic crashes in South Africa." 2013. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001400.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
M. Tech. PolicingThis study was undertaken due to indications that the comprehensive, integrated and scientifically accountable data were largely lacking that were needed to counter road traffic crashes in South Africa. The aim of the study was to explore whether there was a need for developing a model that would provide pointers for establishing and maintaining a scientifically accountable National Road Traffic Safety Databank. In short, the specific objectives were: To assess the characteristics of data and data-gathering systems on road traffic crashes in South Africa, needs in this respect, and the contribution the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research could make towards the establishment and maintenance of such a National Road Traffic Safety Databank.
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Wu, SungTzer, and 吳松澤. "A Study on the Web Database System for the Road Traffic Accidents and Intelligent Roadway Improvement System in Taiwan Area." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24630928376791574493.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士逢甲大學
交通工程與管理研究所
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Recently, it takes about one month to key in the road traffic accidents data into the data files. In the same time, these data files are only authorized using by the official departments such as Department of Police Administration (DPA), the Ministry of Communication and Transportation (MOCT), And Institute of Transportation (IOT) for the internal applications. Since the technology innovation and the World Wide Web (WWW) are widely used in the world, it is very convenient to utilize the function of WWW to key in, analyze, search, and utilize these road traffic data. Through the innovation of WWW, it will save the time to key in data, and users update the data much more friendly. Moreover, The web database system can be download, search for the scholars who want to extend the further analysis and research. Besides, the user also can search the related traffic accident information. This study use the methodology of the statistical analysis of the digital road traffic accidents data from 1999 to 2000 provided by Taichung City Police Bureau(TCPB) and analytic results can be utilized by the related departments or the scholars for the further analysis and research. Finally, the advanced search function can identify the accident-prone locations based on accident frequencies and ETAN index. In 2000, there are 13,030 digital road traffic accidents data of TCPB are used to develop the accident frequencies programs. Then obtaining empirical result of the rank of top 10 accident-prone intersections and accuracy results show about 98.89﹪. Meanwhile, the intelligent improving system for traffic engineering based on the expert system method have found the effective methods to avoid the car accidents at the accident-prone intersections.
Книги з теми "In-depth road accident database"
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J, Tunbridge R., ed. An in-depth study of road accident casualties and their injury patterns. Crowthorne, Berks: Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Safety and Transportation Group, Road Safety Division, 1988.
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Luc, Heres, ed. Time in GIS: Issues in spatio-temporal modelling. Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.54419/v5m55p.
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Most Geographic Information Systems started as a substitute for loose paper maps. These paper maps did not have a built-in time dimension and could only represent history indirectly as a sequence of physically separate images. This was in fact imitated by these first generation systems. The time dimension could only be represented by means of separate files. A minority of Geographic Information Systems however, started their life as a substitute for ordered lists and tables with a link to paper maps. In these lists, the inclusion of a time com-ponent in the form of a data field was quite usual. This method too was copied by the systems that replaced these paper tables. The current trend in the development of Geographic Information Systems is towards the inte-gration of the classical map-oriented concepts with the table-oriented concepts. This often leads to the explicit embedding of the time component in the GIS environment. The Subcommission Geo-Information Models of the Netherlands Geodetic Commission has organized a workshop to discuss the theory and practice of time and history in GIS on 18 May 2000. This publication contains 6 articles prepared for the workshop. The first paper, written by Donna Peuquet, gives a bird’s-eye view of the current state of the art in spatio-temporal database technology and methodology. She is a well-known expert in the field of spatio-temporal information systems and the author of many articles in this field. The second article is written by Monica Wachowicz. She describes what you can do with a GIS once it contains a historical dimension and how you can detect changes in geographic phenomena. Furthermore, her article suggests how geographic visualisation and knowledge discovery techniques can be integrated in a spatio-temporal database. How to record the time dimension in a database is one thing, how to show this dimension to users is another one. In his contribution, Menno-Jan Kraak first tells about the techniques, which were used in the age of paper maps and the limitations these methods had. He goes on to explain what kind of cartographic techniques have been developed since the mass introduc-tion of the computer. Finally he describes the powerful animation methods which currently exist and can be used on CD-ROM and Internet applications. Peter van Oosterom describes how the time dimension is represented in the information sys-tems of the Cadastre and how this is used to publish updates. The Cadastre has a very long tradition in incorporating the time component, which has always been an inherent component of the cadastral registration. In former times this was translated in very precise procedures about how to update the paper maps and registers. Today it is translated in spatio-temporal database design. The article of Luc Heres tells about the time component in the National Road Database, origi-nally designed for traffic accident registration. This is one of the systems with ''table'' roots and with quite a long tradition in handling the time dimension. He elucidates first the core objects in the conceptual model and how time is added. Next, how this model is translated in a logical design and finally how this is technically implemented. Geologists and geophysicians also have a respectable tradition in handling the time dimension in the data they collect. This is illustrated in the last paper, which is written by Ipo Ritsema. He outlines how time is handled in geological and geophysical databases maintained by TNO. By means of some practical cases he illustrates which problems can be encountered and how these can be solved.
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Live stop-controlled intersection data collection. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Transportation Research Council, 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "In-depth road accident database"
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Wu, J., and L. Harbird. "Road accident analysis using a functional database language." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 241–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57234-1_22.
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Chandra, Sejal, Parmeet Kaur, Himanshi Sharma, Vaishnavi Varshney, and Medhavani Sharma. "In-Database Analysis of Road Safety and Prediction of Accident Severity." In Algorithms for Intelligent Systems, 277–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4936-6_31.
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Winkle, Thomas. "Analysis of Poor Visibility Real-World Test Scenarios." In Product Development within Artificial Intelligence, Ethics and Legal Risk, 45–66. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34293-7_3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractProduct development involving Artificial Intelligence, ethics and legal risks using the example of safe autonomous vehicles involves a number of challenges. These include dealing with complex traffic situations and reliable image recognition under difficult light and weather conditions, such as rain, snow, backlight, wet road surface, spray/splashing water, icing/contamination of windshield/sensors or road markings that are only partially visible. In order to develop and validate automated vehicles with reasonable expenditure, a first area-wide analysis based on 1.28 million police accident reports was conducted including all police reports in Saxony over 10 years concerning bad weather conditions.Based on this large database, 374 accidents were found with regard to perception limitations for the detailed investigation. These traffic scenarios are relevant for automated driving. They will form a key aspect for future development, validation and testing of machine perception including Artificial Intelligence within automated driving functions.
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Andersson, Anna-Lena, and Kenneth Svensson. "Suicide in the Transport System." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1103–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_42.
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AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
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Andersson, Anna-Lena, and Kenneth Svensson. "Suicide in the Transport System." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_42-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
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Andersson, Anna-Lena, and Kenneth Svensson. "Suicide in the Transport System." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_42-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
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Hell, Wolfram, Kurt Bodewig, Ute Hammer, Christian Kellner, Clemens Klinke, Matthias Mück, Martin Schreiner, Felix Walz, and Guido Zielke. "Vision Zero in Germany." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 337–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_13.
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AbstractVision Zero has a central role in traffic safety in Germany. Finally, it was even a relevant point in the coalition treaty from the Federal Governing Parties in the year 2018.It is a unifying theme for safety measures taken on the federal, state, and local levels and in private, nonprofit traffic safety organizations. In later years, cooperation between these different agents has been intensified. Evaluation and measurability are essential in the German approach to Vision Zero. One example of this is the statistical work performed every year to identify “zero cities,” i.e., cities that had zero road fatalities the previous year. A yearly award puts focus on cities that have a particularly long string of zero years, in relation to their size. This is performed on an international level, and cities around the world are incentivized by these recognitions. Munich is used as an example of a city that has recently stepped up its traffic safety work. The city has adopted Vision Zero and followed up this with intensified traffic safety work, including improved data collection, the identification of accident black spots, targeted measures to improve safety in these black spots, safety audits of new infrastructure plans, etc. Before the introduction of new traffic technologies which may have an impact on safety, in-depth technology assessment has to be performed. This is illustrated by an example in which sufficient prior technology assessment did not take place, namely the introduction of e-scooters in Germany. After their introduction, they have turned out to be significantly more dangerous than bicycles, as can be seen from the statistics of fatalities and severe injuries. Proposals are made for measures are needed to reverse this trend, including obligatory use of helmets. The dialogue with neighbor states is also essential. Here the Traffic Expert Society of Medical and Technical Biomechanics, gmttb (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland= D A CH), has initiated to discuss and bundle basic principles of the Vision Zero in three neighbor countries. To promote Vision Zero, gmttb also organizes interdisciplinary yearly conferences with experts from Austria (Vision Zero is a state philosophy) and Switzerland (here named Via Sicura) to bundle strength and adopt ideas together with Swedish and multinational experts. As well as a yearly gmttb Vision Zero Safety Award is granted to motivate people, organizations, and manufacturers to promote good ideas for better traffic safety.
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Hell, Wolfram, Kurt Bodewig, Ute Hammer, Christian Kellner, Clemens Klinke, Matthias Mück, Martin Schreiner, Felix Walz, and Guido Zielke. "Vision Zero in Germany." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_13-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractVision Zero has a central role in traffic safety in Germany. Finally, it was even a relevant point in the coalition treaty from the Federal Governing Parties in the year 2018.It is a unifying theme for safety measures taken on the federal, state, and local levels and in private, nonprofit traffic safety organizations. In later years, cooperation between these different agents has been intensified. Evaluation and measurability are essential in the German approach to Vision Zero. One example of this is the statistical work performed every year to identify “zero cities,” i.e., cities that had zero road fatalities the previous year. A yearly award puts focus on cities that have a particularly long string of zero years, in relation to their size. This is performed on an international level, and cities around the world are incentivized by these recognitions. Munich is used as an example of a city that has recently stepped up its traffic safety work. The city has adopted Vision Zero and followed up this with intensified traffic safety work, including improved data collection, the identification of accident black spots, targeted measures to improve safety in these black spots, safety audits of new infrastructure plans, etc. Before the introduction of new traffic technologies which may have an impact on safety, in-depth technology assessment has to be performed. This is illustrated by an example in which sufficient prior technology assessment did not take place, namely the introduction of e-scooters in Germany. After their introduction, they have turned out to be significantly more dangerous than bicycles, as can be seen from the statistics of fatalities and severe injuries. Proposals are made for measures are needed to reverse this trend, including obligatory use of helmets. The dialogue with neighbor states is also essential. Here the Traffic Expert Society of Medical and Technical Biomechanics, gmttb (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland= D A CH), has initiated to discuss and bundle basic principles of the Vision Zero in three neighbor countries. To promote Vision Zero, gmttb also organizes interdisciplinary yearly conferences with experts from Austria (Vision Zero is a state philosophy) and Switzerland (here named Via Sicura) to bundle strength and adopt ideas together with Swedish and multinational experts. As well as a yearly gmttb Vision Zero Safety Award is granted to motivate people, organizations, and manufacturers to promote good ideas for better traffic safety.
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Ayesha, Amreen, K. Sankar, and Sunitha B J. "An IoT Based Complete Automated System to Assist the People During Road Accidents." In Advances in Parallel Computing Algorithms, Tools and Paradigms. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc220018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent days, Road accidents are the major cause of deaths. Numerous lives are either lost or at risk due to car accidents. It is a very important and crucial area which needs lot of attention, huge exploration and high priority to detect the accidents, identify the cause, address the issue on time and provide feasible solution during road accidents due to vehicle crash. Time delay and response time to address the accidents are the major challenges to rescue and treat people during accidents and emergencies. In order to rescue and save lives due to accidents in remote places, an efficient automated system is needed for accident detection, cause identification and on time assisting the patients after the occurrence of accident. This automated system has to communicate with the concerned fatalities about the current status of crash and respond immediately within less time. Many researchers have proposed different accident detection and alert systems in their research and survey which involves the Bluetooth, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), various algorithms involving machine learning and mobile applications. Also Sensors for accident detection are based on the acceleration parameters, Smart phone for accident detection etc. This research work provides a critical and in-depth review of various emerging methods and techniques for addressing the road accidents which must be resolved in order to save lives.
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Tijssen, Robert, and Jos Winnink. "First Effects of the New Silk Road Initiative on Research Collaboration." In China and Europe on the New Silk Road, 67–85. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853022.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter introduces a large-scale “big data” approach to identify and study possible early effects of the New Silk Road (NSR) initiative on research cooperation patterns between China and other countries. The quantitative data are extracted from publication output in the international research literature, for the years 2010–2018, covered in the Web of Science database. This source contains thousands of research articles co-produced and co-authored by Chinese researchers and their international partners. Following an introductory global overview of collaboration trends, the in-depth part of macro-level analysis relates to research cooperation between China and European countries, where we test six hypotheses about the nature of those collaborative relationships (two of which are confirmed). We observe some minor changes in the smaller countries of Central and Eastern Europe that suggest some emerging NSR effects. However, it is too early to identify structural changes and engage in systematic in-depth assessments of collaborative science.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "In-depth road accident database"
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Martin Urban, Martin Urban, Jorge Lorente Mallada Jorge Lorente Mallada, Maria Pohle Maria Pohle, Christian T. Erbsmehl Christian T. Erbsmehl, Pablo Puente Guillen Pablo Puente Guillen, Satoshi Taniguchi Satoshi Taniguchi, and Tom Landgraf Tom Landgraf. "Parameterization of Standard Test Scenarios of Automated Vehicles Using Accident Simulation Data." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-pif-038.
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Research objective In February 2019, the Japanese society of automotive Engineers published a white paper titled "Proposal for the Autonomous Driving Vehicle Test Scenarios Standards". This white paper presents in a comprehensive way the current development state of a validation method for safety performance, with the aim of safely introducing automated driving systems to the market. As part of the validation method, the white paper proposes thirty highway scenarios that should be used to validate automated driving. The scenarios are defined by combining the road geometry (main road; marge; branch; ramp), the ego vehicle behaviour (lane keep; lane change) and the surrounding environment or behaviour of other vehicles (Cut In; Cut out; Acceleration; Deceleration; synchronic behaviour). The objective of this research is to define the important parameters regarding the behaviour of the ego vehicle in relation to the opponent vehicle, in addition to several geometric and physical parameters needed for the analysis. Methodology Based on police recorded accident data, the Fraunhofer IVI has developed a methodology for creating simulation files in order to recreate and obtain the pre-crash phase of these accidents. More than 8,000 cases are available in the current simulation database with around 2,000 of this are highway cases. The simulation results contain detailed trajectories for each participant involved in the accident with speed, acceleration and trajectory information. Each of the 2,000 highway accidents is assigned to one of the thirty scenario groups using a three-step database analysis. After the assignment process, parameters such as longitudinal and lateral distance, velocity and acceleration or deceleration are calculated for each accident. Subsequently, a statistical analysis is executed for each group that delivers the mean values and standard deviation for each parameter. The methodology used to obtain the important parameters for each scenario can be recreated and applied to any other database containing similar information to the database used for this study. The result of the analysis presented in this abstract is a statistical description of the highway scenarios proposed by the white paper. It allows configuring test scenarios for automated vehicles and systems with real world parameters from accident simulations based on accident data recorded by the police in Saxony. Around 2,000 reconstructed accidents are the basic data for the statistical description of thirty highway scenarios. The police recorded accidents on highways in Saxony are the basic data of this study. Therefore, using data from different topographic regions, other traffic regulations or other driver education requirements, may modify the parameters and the results of the analysis. Key Words: automated driving, test definition, accident scenario, simulation
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Sánchez Galiano, Juan Carlos, Jairo Casares Blanco, Patricia Fernández Aracil, and Armando Ortuño Padilla. "A CASE STUDY OF IDENTIFY IMPORTANCE OF LAND USE PLANNING IN ROAD SAFETY, BENIDORM." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3429.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research analyses how urban form, land use and urban density, may influence the incidence of traffic-related crashes injuries and deaths. It begins with a theoretical overview of studies which deal with the study of the relationship between urban patterns and road safety. Next, it details the development of a database of crash incidence and urban form at the district level for the city of Benidorm (Alicante, Spain) in 2010. Subsequently, it is developed a negative binomial approach for intra-city motor vehicle crash analysis. One-year crash data for Benidorm (the fourth largest tourism destination of Spain, after Barcelona, Madrid and San Bartolomé de Tirajana, and exclusively tourist-oriented city) are analyzed using a geographic information system (GIS) to generate relevant inputs for the analysis. In general, the study finds that a strong land use mix results on fewer road accidents, whereas accidents are more common but less severe in areas of high urban density. Finally, pedestrian accidents research showed that rural and low density environment is related to an important road accident numbers unlike tourism-oriented zones, much more safe for them. Based on these findings, the paper discusses the implications for urban design practice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3429
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Berrones Sanz, Luis David, and Victoria Alejandra Muro Báez. "Accidentes viales de los motociclistas en México: subgrupos y factores de riesgo." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.2172.
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Motorcycling as a means of transportation has grown rapidly in Mexico. In the last decade, the number of motorcycles increased 338.05%, which means that motorbikes represent 5.97% of the total number of vehicles in the country. During this period, however, the annual average shows that 3.16% of motorcyclists had an accident, which is proof that motorcycle riders are vulnerable users with high risks in terms of road safety. The objective of this research is to identify the subgroups of motorcyclers with higher accident risks and to identify risk factors. The sample for the quantitative study included all motorbike riders who died or were injured as a result of a reported road accident, between 2000 and 2014. The sample was obtained using the database at the National Institute for Statistics and Geography and the General Direction of Health Information. Descriptive variables were determined for all the categories and were matched to the death cause to find statistical correlation. These systems of information registrered, during 2014 in Mexico, more than 41,881 accidents and 826 deaths caused by motorcycle accident. The highest number of accidents involved men (P<0.001) between 20 and 30 years old, where 20.55% had head injuries and only 16.59% of bikers were wearing a helmet at the time of the accident. This combination – age 20-30, male gender and not wearing a helmet – seems to be a powerful risk factor. However, accidents are largely underreported due to the fact that the format used to receive attention after suffering a violent attack or injury (SIS-SS-127-P) does not include the motorcycle as an agent of injury. For this reason, it is of the utmost importance to create a reliable statistical system and promote a good road safety culture together with protective factors and safety equipment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.2172
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Xu, Shuna. "Application of Dynamic Segmentation Techniques in the Construction of Road Traffic Accident Information Database - A Case Study of Xuchang City." In 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2012.6260404.
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Seiniger, P., H. Winner, and J. Gail. "Future Vehicle Stability Control Systems for Motorcycles With Focus on Accident Prevention." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59072.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vehicle Stability Control systems (VSC) for four-wheeled vehicles like the electronic stability program (ESP) helped to decrease the number of traffic deaths in Germany to an all-time low over the last ten years. However, the number of people killed in powered two-wheeler accidents has been almost constant over the same period of time. Vehicle Stability Control systems for powered two-wheelers (especially motorcycles) so far include only anti-lock brakes and traction control systems, both systems are not designed to work in cornering. Further stability control systems are not known up to now. The objective of this paper is to assess the technical possibilities for future Vehicle Stability Control systems and the amount of accidents that could be prevented by those systems. From an accident analysis, all accidents not avoidable by today’s VSC Systems have been analyzed. Only accidents while cornering without braking have been determined as potentially avoidable by future technical systems (braked accidents have been counted as preventable by improved today’s systems). The accidents can be caused by insufficient friction (e.g. slippery road surface, sand, oil or to high curve speed). About 4 to 8 percent of all motorcycle accidents are of this type. The data source for accident descriptions were interviews of motorcycle experts who were able to describe their own accidents and detailed accident descriptions from an accident database. The accident types have been investigated with driving experiments and computer simulation. With a vehicle model different ways to influence the critical driving situations could be analyzed and evaluated. Experiments and simulations showed an instable roll and side-slip angular acceleration of the motorcycle during critical driving situations. The sideslip rate proved to be a robust criterion for recognizing whether a driving situation is critical. The roll movement of the vehicle cannot be influenced with reasonable means, because neither the lateral tire forces can be increased nor stabilizing gyros can be used since the necessary angular momentum is to large for a feasible package. The vehicle sideslip rate can be influenced by braking the front or the rear wheel, thus generating a yaw moment to avoid the dangerous high-side type accidents when friction changes back from low to high. The motorcycle accidents influenced by this system are only a small portion of the mentioned accidents, so as a result of this study, the potential for future vehicle dynamic control systems that help prevent non-braking cornering accidents is estimated quite low.
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Adorni, Martina, Alessandro Del Nevo, Paul Van Uffelen, Francesco Oriolo, and Francesco D’Auria. "Assessment of TRANSURANUS Fuel Performance Code Against Studsvik Inter-Ramp BWR Database." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75704.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The fuel matrix and the cladding constitute the first barrier against radioactive fission product release. Therefore a defense in depth concept requires also the comprehensive understanding of fuel rod behavior and accurate prediction of the lifetime in normal operation and in accident condition as well. Investigations of fuel behavior are carried out in close connection with experimental research operation feedback and computational analyses. In this connection, OECD NEA sets up the “public domain database on nuclear fuel performance experiments for the purpose of code development and validation - International Fuel Performance Experiments (IFPE) database”, with the aim of providing a comprehensive and well-qualified database on UO2 fuel with Zr cladding for model development and code validation. This database includes the data set of the Studsvik Inter-Ramp BWR Project. The objectives of the project are to establish the failure-safe operating limits and the failure mechanism and associated phenomena, during power ramp tests, by varying the design parameters (i.e. cladding heat treatment, gap thickness and fuel density). The experimental data are used for the assessment of the Fission Gas Release (FGR) models implemented in the TRANSURANUS code versions “v1m1j07” and “v1m1j08”. The starting point of the activity is the availability of a “new” transient fission gas release model, the “TFGR model”, specifically implemented in the last code version, to cover power ramp conditions. The paper presents the complete set of simulations of all twenty rods irradiated in the R2 research reactor and the corresponding comparisons with the experimental data. Sensitivity calculations are also performed to address the influence of geometric parameters and the choice of the different code options, relevant to model the FGR, on results.
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Alves, Douglas, Ana Bahiense, Michelle Bastos, Cassiano Borges, and Gilson Lima. "A Brazilian Pipeline Incident Database: The PETROBRAS and TRANSPETRO Initiative." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78584.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Statistical data available from several international sources, such as the reports provided by the European institutions EGIG, CONCAWE and UKOPA, as well as by the American Department of Transportation – DOT, indicate that pipelines represent the safest mode of transportation for hydrocarbons and other dangerous products when compared to other alternatives, such as road, rail, waterway, etc. Operators ensure a high level of safety of their pipelines by investing large amounts of effort and resources in accident prevention, efficient contingency procedures, environmental protection and reliability along the life cycle of their assets. However, the pipeline industry, both in Brazil and abroad, is frequently asked to demonstrate their safety performance both by environmental and regulatory agencies, as well as by society, considering the assets already in operation and also those that will still be built (new pipelines). Such requests are based on the most opened and detailed communication between pipeline operators and the other stakeholders involved. In this context, the organized and standardized collection of data related to pipeline failure events, such as failure mechanisms and their consequences, along with relevant and specific data regarding the assets and their operations, is essential to foster the process of knowledge construction on this topic. It allows generating consistent information both to meet the stakeholders’ requests and to improve risk management of pipelines by the operators, ultimately supporting decision-making. Therefore, this work aims to create a Brazilian Pipeline Incident Database, considering firstly gas pipelines and oil pipelines operated by TRANSPETRO, a PETROBRAS Subsidiary. This research intends to study the characteristics, the architectures, the assumptions and the principles adopted by the international pipeline failure databases currently available, considered here as benchmarks, in order to propose an analogous and specific structure for the reality of the Brazilian Pipeline System.
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Otte, Dietmar, Martin Urban, and Heiko Johannsen. "The New Approach of In-Depth-Accident-Investigation based on the Methodology for Traffic Accident Database on Scenarios TADS." In SAE 2016 World Congress and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-1472.
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Ando, Keisuke, Kazuhiko Shimizu, Nobuhiro Ito, Kazunori Iwata, Takeshi Uchitane, Naoto Mukai, and Yong Jiang. "Design of Geospatial Database for Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents in Aichi Prefecture." In 2022 Joint 12th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 23rd International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems (SCIS&ISIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scisisis55246.2022.10002001.
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Satria, Romi. "GIS TOOLS FOR ANALYZING ACCIDENTS AND ROAD DESIGN: A REVIEW." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.4052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A significant unexpected outcome of transportation systems is road accidents with injuries and loss of lives. In recent years, the number of studies about the tools for analyzing accidents and road design has increased considerably. Among these tools, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) stand out for their ability to perform complex spatial analyses. However, sometimes the GIS, has been used only as a geographical database to store and represent data about accidents and road characteristics. It has also been used to represent the results of statistical studies of accidents but, these statistical studies have not been carried out with GIS. Owing to its integrated statistical-analysis capabilities GIS provides several advantages. First, it allows a more careful and accurate data selection, screening and reduction. Also, it allows a spatial analysis of the results in pre and post-processing. Second, GIS allows the development of spatial statistics that rely on geographically-referenced data. In this paper, several GIS tools used to model accidents have been examined. The understanding of these tools will help the analyst to make a better decision about which tool could be applied in each particular condition and context.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4052