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Дисертації з теми "Impairment of asset"
1
Hsu, Hsiao-Tang. "Comparison of Long-Lived Asset Impairments under US GAAP and IFRS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/242160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Business Administration/Accounting<br>Ph.D.<br>In this dissertation I investigate and compare the impairments of long-lived operating assets under US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) from different perspective, including the informativeness, determinants, and market valuation of asset impairments. A firm invests in long-lived operating assets with the expectation of generating future benefit. The decision or recognition of asset impairments implies such future benefit is expected to be lower than originally estimated. US GAAP and IFRS both require the recognition of impairment losses but their standards and accounting approaches are different in several ways. These distinctions raise the question whether the reported long-lived asset impairments under US GAAP and IFRS are comparable and motivate this dissertation. I investigate the predictive ability of reported asset write-offs for firms' future performance and find negative associations suggesting the informativeness of impairment losses. But such informativeness depends on the type of assets impaired, the accounting standards adopted, and the institutional characteristics. In general, aggregate impairments are persistently associated with future performance under IFRS but not US GAAP. The impairments of tangible assets have more predictive ability than those of intangibles. For IFRS adopters, enforcement takes a more important role in determining the informativeness of asset impairments than legal origins. I also examine the determinants and attributes of asset impairments under US GAAP and IFRS. I find both of them reflect certain economic factors and reporting incentives. Under US GAAP asset impairments strongly reflect GDP growth, unemployment rate, industry-trend and reporting incentives, including taking a big bath and income smoothing. Under IFRS the impairments reflect most economic factors but less reporting incentives. However, when enforcement is low in IFRS countries, firms tend to manage earnings through asset write-offs. I further address the market valuation of asset write-offs under US GAAP and IFRS. The reporting of asset impairments improves the explanatory power of accounting information for equity prices under IFRS but not US GAAP, especially when enforcement is high. The associations between asset write-offs and equity prices under IFRS in high enforcement countries are significantly different from those under US GAAP, implying investors weigh reported impairments under IFRS. I also use stock returns as an alternative metric of market valuation. Under US GAAP, asset write-offs are negatively associated with past, current, and future stock returns. Under IFRS in high enforcement countries the effects of impairment loss concentrate on past and current stock returns. The results of comparisons suggest asset write-offs under US GAAP and IFRS are not totally comparable from a market perspective. This dissertation contributes to literature on special items, impairment accounting, and reporting under IFRS. It is also related to the comparability of financial reporting under US GAAP and IFRS. While studies have compared overall properties of the two standards, examining the differences in a specific accounting area is also important as U.S. SEC express concern about the convergence of different accounting standards and whether U.S. should incorporate IFRS into its financial reporting systems.<br>Temple University--Theses
2
Alshabani, Waleed Mohammad. "An investigation of the effects of SFAS No.121 on asset impairment reporting and stock returns." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3068/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Prior to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.121 (SFAS No.121): Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of, managers had substantial discretion concerning the amount and timing of reporting writedowns of long-lived assets. Moreover, the frequency and dollar amount of asset writedown announcements that led to a large “surprise” caused the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to consider the need for a new standard to guide the recording of impairment of long-lived assets. This study has two primary objectives. First, it investigates the effects of SFAS No.121 on asset impairment reporting, examining whether SFAS No.121 reduces the magnitude and restricts the timing of reporting asset writedowns. Second, the study compares the information content (surprise element) of the asset impairment loss announcement as measured by cumulative abnormal returns (CAR) before and after the issuance of SFAS No.121. The findings provide support for the hypothesis that the FASB's new accounting standard does not affect the magnitude of asset writedown losses. The findings also provide support for the hypothesis that SFAS No. 121 does not affect the management choice of the timing for reporting asset writedowns. In addition, the findings suggest that the market evaluates the asset writedown losses after the issuance of SFAS No. 121 as good news for “big bath” firms, while, for “income smoothing” firms, the market does not respond to the announcements of asset writedown losses either before or after the issuance of SFAS No. 121. The findings also suggest that, for “big bath” firms, the market perceives the announcement of asset impairment losses after the adoption of SFAS No. 121 as more credible relative to that before its issuance. This could be because the practice of reporting asset writedowns after the issuance of SFAS No. 121 is under the FASB's authoritative guidance, which brings consistency and comparability in asset impairment reporting.
3
Malátová, Zuzana. "Přístup k testování účetní hodnoty aktiv dle IFRS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124939.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main goal of this thesis is to create a comprehensive view of the measurement of assets in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards with closer focus on the impaiment tests of assets in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets. The thesis is divided into several parts the first of which is general and deals with the definition of assets, the conditions for their dislosure in the statement of financial position and methods of their valuation. This part is followed by the third chapter, which at first approaches the valuation models applicable on current and non-current assets, which are excluded from the scope of IAS 36, and then describes the principles of impairment tests of individual assets. The fourth chapter deals with impairment tests of cash-generation units, including goodwill and the allocation of corporate assets. The last part of this thesis contains examples from real financial statements, aim of which is to approach demands of IAS 36 concerning disclosure.
4
Siggelkow, Lena. "Analytical and empirical analyses on fixed asset write-offs." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-116920.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is to provide useful information to the users of financial statements to assist in making economic decisions. To be useful, information has to be relevant and reliable, but the reliability of information suffers when the guidelines for the reporting of specific issues are not clear and managerial discretion arises. Write-offs are one of those accounting issues that are regularly related to earnings management. By now it is seen as common knowledge that write-offs, especially those on goodwill, do not reflect declines in asset value; rather, they are used as a device to manipulate financial reports. However, there is a striking lack of grounded theoretical research that can confirm this assessment. The aim of this dissertation is to provide valuable analytical and empirical insights on fixed asset write-offs under IFRS. In a first step, the practical implementation of IAS 36 in Europe has to be analyzed, which is best done empirically. Based on the findings from these empirical surveys, the most substantial questions remaining are subject to an in-depth analytical discussion. Since IAS 36 entails different measurement issues that have their origins in finance theory, this dissertation also aims to introduce some basic techniques from theoretical finance to accounting research. Lastly, as the analyses presented in this dissertation do not cover all open questions on fixed asset write-offs, the author hopes to encourage further research on this important topic.
5
Kanakriyah, Raed Muhammad. "The effect of asset impairment (IAS 36) in improving the quality of accounting information according to users' perspective : evidence from Jordan." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7290/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate from the users' perspective the influence of adopting IAS 36 'impairment of assets' on accounting information in Jordan and to ascertain the extent to which impairment application can affect users’ decisions. In other words, this study aims to elicit perceptions regarding the motivations and techniques of using impairment loss to discover its effect and role in improving the quality (qualitative characteristics) of accounting information and its impact on the financial statements of users, to assist them in the decision-making process; it also aims to discover whether impairment loss is considered a tool for increasing the credibility of accounting information or a tool for manipulation. To explore the relevance (applicability) of international accounting standards to developing countries such as Jordan is a topic of significant interest amongst accounting information users. Methodology/Approach/Research Questions: This thesis uses a multi-method approach; quantitative and qualitative approaches are both used to collect primary data concerning the 'impairment of assets' phenomenon. Questionnaire and interview surveys are used to explore the motivations and techniques of 'impairment of assets' in Jordan by obtaining the perceptions of respondents. Semi-structured interviews are used to elicit a better understanding of the research questions, confirming and elaborating on the questionnaire survey findings and supporting the development of the hypotheses. The triangulation of findings enables a comprehensive appreciation of the research topic and minimises the possibility of bias resulting from the use of a single method. Analysis and Findings: The first findings are the agreement of the six groups of accounting information users regarding the importance of IAS 36 application, also indicate that there is a significant statistical difference among the respondents' opinions particularly between academics and other groups which indicates that academics were more aware of the importance of applying 'impairment of assets' than the other five groups. A plausible explanation for this result is that academics are more aware that impairment loss depends on market value (fair) instead of historic value, which is more convenient but less reliable. The main conclusion reached through questionnaire and interview survey is the positive impact of 'impairment of assets' on the quality of accounting information according to users' perspective in Jordan. which means there is an impact of impairment on the quality of accounting information, and we assert this finding through correlation that impairment loss depend on market value (fair) instead of historic value, which is more convenient but less reliable . The second finding reveals that two groups of respondents (Accountants and Investors) see impairment as a tool for manipulation. These two groups have similar views that impairment application is considered a technique used to manipulate illegally, in order for managers to achieve their own goals, such as increased compensation (salary), to declare a reasonable profit and avoid a loss, to obtain loans, and to raise share prices. These results can be attributed to scientific knowledge they have about advantages of the application of this standard. Furthermore, interview findings indicate that 68% of all respondents amongst all groups agreed that impairment improves the reliability and credibility of financial reports in Jordan. One of the most important results from the respondents’ views is that impairment announcements provide new information to the market and assist the users to change or modify their decisions. However, interviews showed that investors and accountants have a different view of impairment application, considering it as bad news (weak company), all of these findings will be generalized for developing countries, also will be helpful for developed countries. Research limitations/implications: These findings could be fruitful and helpful for external users of accounting reports and also for regulators and legislators in their attempts to constrain the incidence of earnings management and to enhance the quality of accounting information. The interview sample was quite small (only 14) since some interviewees in developing countries do not like to have their opinions tape-recorded or become worried if notes are taken by devices during the interview as it appears like an interrogation to them. Moreover, in the questionnaire survey, only 324 out of 749 were returned, since access to respondents (Elements sample) was very difficult as they do not stay in the same place. In terms of secondary data, a lack of disclosure limited this study regarding the variables. Contribution: Very few studies concerned with 'impairment of assets' have been conducted on data obtained from financial reports in developed countries. Thus, a different perspective could be obtained from developing countries such as Jordan, which is different in numerous respects, and this will enhance IAS application and provide an accurate picture of impairment practices. Moreover, this study contributes to the literature by employing qualitative and quantitative methods that have not received attention in relation to the effect of monitoring mechanisms.
6
Жмайлова, О. Г., та В. О. Ляшенко. "Особливості оцінки зменшення корисності об’єктів основних засобів". Thesis, Nauka i studia, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59338.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Вивсвітлені теоретико-методологіні підходи щодо визначення зміни корисності основних засобів; оцінки, за якою визначається сума очікуваного відшкодування та визнається сума втрат від зменшення (сума вигод від відновлення) корисності активів
7
Andrews, Richard Charles. "Impairment of assets : an empirical investigation." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:7113.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Asset impairment is a relatively new term in the corporate reporting arena. However, the concept of asset impairment relates closely to that of an asset write-down. Asset write-downs historically have been a feature of corporate reporting for many years (Lee, 1975)) due to the principle of conservatism, although largely discretionary in nature in the UK until the introduction of Financial Reporting Standard 11 Impairment of Assets and Goodwill (FRS 11) in 1998. Asset impairment is defined by the Accounting Standards Board (ASB) in FRS 11 as the situation of: A reduction in the recoverable amount of a fixed asset or goodwill below its carrying amount (paragraph 2). Recoverable amount in this context is the higher of net realisable value or value in use. Prior to the issue of regulations in the area of asset impairment, there was very little guidance for corporations which may have been faced with large impairment losses. This could result in some discretion in terms of the timing and how to account for any asset impairment charge, for example either an adjustment to reserves or an expense in the income statement. The aim of this thesis is to explore the practice of impairment of assets in UK published financial statements and evaluate the concept and suitability of impairment as a means of recognising and subsequently measuring a decline in the value of a non current asset and the implications of this process. An assessment of the impact of international standards in relation to asset impairment being operational from January 2005 for UK listed corporations is also undertaken. The sample consists of those corporations listed on the UK Financial Times 100 Index (FTSE 100) of leading corporations from the period from 2003 to 2007-8. The thesis evaluates the extent of earnings management associated with asset impairment charges, both before and after the change in the regulatory environment. An assessment of whether an increase or decrease in the earnings characteristics of corporations takes place as a result of a change in the regulatory environment is also evaluated. Additionally the thesis provides a detailed assessment of the extent of disclosure associated with charging an asset impairment loss and whether this is associated with the size of the asset impairment loss. The measurement and valuation methods employed to implement an asset impairment loss are also evaluated. Other key areas of investigation focus on asset impairment losses being associated with a particular category of asset, business sector, indicator of asset impairment and a change of management. Fair value forms a component of asset impairment loss recognition and this thesis contributes to the debate about the ability of a fair value measurement approach to provide a true and fair view of the corporation.
8
Vanin, Miriam <1987>. "IAS 36 Impairment of Assets - Goodwill Impairment tra Compliance e Disclosure." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1997.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L’applicazione all’avviamento dell’impairment test costituisce uno dei temi maggiormente dibattuti in ambito internazionale, sia in relazione ai molteplici profili di soggettività insiti nei criteri di valutazione previsti dallo IAS 36 sia in relazione al carattere di novità che investe detta procedura. Attraverso un’indagine empirica sui bilanci 2011 di società quotate italiane, si intende verificare la compliance delle metodologie adottate dalle imprese con le disposizioni dettate dallo IAS 36, nonché la corrispondente disclosure fornita al riguardo. Nella ricerca sono analizzati i vari aspetti dell’Impairment test svolto dalle società sull’avviamento al fine di individuare gli elementi maggiormente osservati e gli eventuali fattori determinanti della non-compliance e della incompleta disclosure. Attraverso la costruzione di un indice di disclosure, infine, si verifica il livello di attendibilità con cui si sono applicate le disposizioni dello IAS 36, presupponendo che la mancata effettuazione di svalutazioni conduca le aziende a fornire una disclosure sull’Impairment test non completa né soddisfacente.
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Llerena, Gallardo Tania Katherine, and Tenorio Gisell Roca. "Análisis del impacto financiero y tributario de los desembolsos por contenido propio y derechos de transmisión bajo NIC38 de los activos intangibles en los canales de televisión de banda VHF en el Perú, 2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626390.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La presente investigación tiene como finalidad evaluar el impacto financiero y tributario de los desembolsos por contenido propio y derechos de transmisión en base a la NIC 38 “Activos Intangibles”. Los canales de televisión son la principal fuente de información, según CONCORTV en el 2017 los ciudadanos indican que uno de los medios de comunicación que tiene mayor presencia a nivel local y regional es la televisión, aunque existe una cierta insatisfacción por parte del ciudadano con respecto a la programación, ya que no es cultural ni educativa. Nos interesa investigar sobre los desembolsos por contenido propio y derechos de transmisión desde la perspectiva de los activos intangibles a nivel contable, al ser un caso particular en un sector poco investigado. La metodología utilizada es el diseño no experimental, el alcance es investigación exploratoria, ya que es un plan de investigación contable aplicado en Perú, el tamaño de la muestra son los canales de televisión que tienen una mayor participación de mercado, el cual concentra el 84 % en el sector de telecomunicaciones. La presente tesis se desarrollará en cinco capítulos. En el primer capítulo, se describirá investigaciones locales e internacionales. En el segundo capítulo, se plantean los problemas, las hipótesis a validar y los objetivos propuestos. En el tercer capítulo, se procederá a describir la metodología a utilizar es enfoque mixto. En el cuarto capítulo, se presentan los resultados del análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo y se plasma en un caso práctico con el que se pretende identificar la capitalización los desembolsos por contenido propio y derechos de transmisión, identificar la variable independiente las cuales puedan generar expectativa de cuan material representa dentro de los estados financieros. En el quinto capítulo se analizan conclusiones y recomendaciones.<br>The purpose of this research is to evaluate the financial and tax impact of disbursements for own content and transmission rights based on IAS 38 "Intangible Assets". Television channels are the main source of information, according to CONCORTV in 2017, citizens indicate that one of the media that has a greater presence at the local and regional level is television, although there is a certain dissatisfaction on the part of the citizen with respect to programming, since it is not cultural or educational. We are interested in investigating the own contents and transmission rights from the perspective of the intangible at the accounting level to be a particular case in a sector little investigated. The methodology used is the non-experimental design, the scope is exploratory research, since it is an accounting research plan applied in Peru, and the size of the sample is the television channels that have a greater market share, which concentrates 84 % in the telecommunications sector. This thesis will be developed in five chapters. In the first chapter, local and international investigations will be described. In the second chapter, the problems are posed, the hypotheses to be validated and the proposed objectives. In the third chapter, we will proceed to describe the methodology to be used is a mixed approach. In the fourth chapter, the results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis are presented and it is embodied in a practical case with which it is intended to identify capitalization disbursements by own content and transmission rights, identify the independent variables which can generate expectation of materials represent in the financial statements. In the fifth chapter conclusions and recommendations are analyzed.<br>Tesis
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Martins, Joana Cordeniz. "Impairment of tangible fixed assets in the Portuguese listed companies: disclosures." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10299.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>The purpose of this project is to understand the practices of companies regarding recognition, measurement and disclosure of impairment of tangible fixed assets. The sample analysed is formed by the non-financial Portuguese listed companies. This research assumes the point of view of financial statements‟ users. It contributes to provide a database of information and an insight of the practices of the Portuguese listed companies about impairment of tangible fixed assets. The findings suggest that these companies do not provide satisfying information about impairments, in the sense that, in many companies, they do not provide information that is understandable and do not meet all the requirements of IAS 36.