Дисертації: "IIM"

1

Asli, Abdelhamid. "Caractérisation de l’effet antibiofilm et antibactérien du chitosane sur les souches de Staphylococcus aureus responsables des mammites bovines." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9794.

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La mammite bovine est l’inflammation des tissus internes de la glande mammaire des vaches laitières. Elle est la plupart du temps causée par l’intrusion d’agents pathogènes dans le canal du trayon de la glande mammaire causant ainsi une infection intramammaire (IIM). La mammite engendre des pertes économiques importantes pour l’industrie laitière en raison de la faible production du lait, des coûts de traitements élevés, la présence de résidus d’antibiotiques dans le lait suite à leur utilisation, le rejet de lait non destiné à la consommation et les faibles taux de rendement pendant la transformation du lait en divers produits laitiers. Le développement de l’inflammation est souvent associé au degré d’exposition des glandes mammaires aux pathogènes. Staphylococcus aureus est le pathogène le plus souvent responsable de la mammite bovine au Canada. Il est capable de causer des infections intramammaires persistantes sous-cliniques souvent réfractaires à l’antibiothérapie. En outre, le biofilm représente un facteur de virulence clé dans la persistance de S. aureus pendant la mammite, car il augmente la résistance des bactéries contre les antibiotiques grâce à la matrice extracellulaire qui recouvre et protège la communauté. Le biofilm représente donc, une problématique majeure de l’industrie laitière et le besoin de nouveaux outils thérapeutiques alternatifs adressant ce facteur de virulence est très urgent. Le chitosane est une molécule naturelle extraite de la carapace des crustacés. Elle est exploitée pour de multiples applications biologiques, y compris certaines activités antibiofilm. Dans cette étude, nous avons démontré que les formes de 2,6 kDa et 4 kDa empêchaient la production de biofilm des souches : S. aureus 2117 (forte productrice du biofilm) et le SARM bovin (S. aureus résistant à la méthicilline). Chez la souris, l’administration d’un chitosane de 2,6 kDa n’a démontré aucun effet inflammatoire comparativement au 4 kDa. Les tests de bactéricidie ont démontré que le 2,6 kDa était capable de tuer les bactéries incorporées dans les biofilms préformés d'une manière dose-réponse avec une réduction de > 3 log[indice inférieur 10] CFU / biofilm à la concentration de 4 mg / ml. En culture cellulaire, nous avons observé que le chitosane de 2,6 kDa pouvait empêcher la persistance du SARM bovin dans les cellules épithéliales bovines MAC-T. Les tests de combinaison sur plaque ont révélé que le 2,6 kDa produit une synergie avec les antibiotiques de la classe des macrolides (par exemple, la tilmicosine) contre S. aureus, en réduisant la CMI des deux molécules par 2-8 fois. Finalement, l'administration intramammaire de 2,6 kDa, seul (p <0,01) ou en combinaison avec la tilmicosine (p <0,0001), a réduit la colonisation de S. aureus dans les glandes mammaires de notre modèle de mammite aigu murin.

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2

Young, Chris 1981. "NMR studies if the Galactitol-specific PTS proteins IIA and IIB." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98525.

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The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependant carbohydrate transport system (PTS) couples uptake of a variety of carbohydrates with phosphorylation in prokaryotes. In this system, a phosphoryl group is sequentially transferred through two general phosphoryl carrier proteins, enzyme I (EI) and HPr, and a carbohydrate-specific permease enzyme II (EII). EII is constituted of two cytoplasmic domains IIA and IIB, and a transmembrane channel IIC domain. The galactitol-specific transporter (IIgat) belongs to the glucitol family and is structurally the least well-known. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to solve the three-dimensional structure of IIBGat. IIB Gat is composed of a central four-stranded parallel beta sheet flanked by alpha helices on both sides. NMR titrations and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) with IIAGat allowed the identification of the binding interface and preliminary modeling of the structure of the IIB Gat - IIAGat heterodimer. IIAGat was also phosphorylated in-vitro, producing several large chemical shift changes, but no changes to the overall structure.

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3

Daniel, Panizo. "Review of compact spaces for type IIA/IIB theories and generalised fluxes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384227.

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In the present project we study compactifications of type IIA/IIB string theories on toroidal orbifolds. We present the moduli space for N=1 four-dimensional reductions and its topological properties. To fix the value of all moduli, we will construct the most general holomorphic superpotential W using a set of T-dual iterations for the fluxes. Using a 3-torus toy-model, we will give an introductory description to the background of these generalised fluxes.

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4

Gratien, Brigitte. "Les Egyptiens en Nubie : politique et administration aux III et IIe millénaires av.J.-C." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040019.

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5

Costa, Bruna de Araújo. "Síntese, caracterização e estudo termoanalítico dos tereftalatos de térbio (III), disprósio (III), hólmio(III), érbio (III), túlio (III), ítérbio (III), lutécio (III) e ítrio(III)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4919.

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In this work the synthesis of the heavy lanthanides and yttrium were carried out, using the direct addition of the sodium terephthalate in the respectives metallic chloride solutions. The synthesized compounds were characterized by simultaneous Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TG-DSC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyses coupled to Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR), EDTA complexometry and X ray powder Diffractometry. From the data, it was possible to obtain the general formula of each compound (Ln2(TFta)3.nH2O, where Ln = Tb(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III), Tm(III), Yb(III), Lu(III) and Y(III), TFta = terephthalate, and n = 4,5 (Tb, Dy and Ho), 4,0 (Er, Tm and Y), 5,0 (Yb) and 6,5 (Lu)), as well as unreported information about the thermal properties, in air atmosphere, thermal stability; molar dehydration enthalpy; main evolved gases from thermal decomposition (H2O, CO2 and CO), the coordination mode between metal and ligand and performing the comparison of the results of X -ray diffraction of the compounds synthesized by the powder method using and the single crystal obtained by hydrothermal synthesis reported in the literature.
A pesquisa na área de compostos de coordenação com ligantes à base de ácidos carboxílicos aromáticos e metais os lantanídeos e ítrio tem sido recorrente devido as suas promissoras aplicabilidades. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar as sínteses dos tereftalatos de lantanídeos pesados e ítrio pelo método direto entre soluções de tereftalato de sódio e os respectivos cloretos metálicos e caracterização dos mesmos por meio das técnicas de análise termogravimétrica e calorimetria exploratória diferencial simultânea (TG-DSC), Calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), Espectroscopia de Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourrier (FTIR), Complexometria por EDTA e Difratometria de raio X pelo método do pó. A partir das informações obtidas desse estudo termoanalítico detalhado, em atmosfera de ar, foi possível obter informações inéditas, como a fórmula geral Ln2(TFta)3.(H2O)2.nH2O, onde Ln corresponde aos Tb(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III), Tm(III), Yb(III), Lu(III) e Y(III), TFta o tereftalato e n= 2,5 (Tb, Dy e Ho), 2,0 (Er, Tm e Y), 3,0 (Yb) e 4,5 (Lu); estabilidade térmica; grau de hidratação dos compostos; entalpia molar média por molécula de água; indicar os principais produtos gasosos produzidos pela decomposição térmica (H2O, CO2 e CO); sugerir coordenação em ponte entre entre metal e o ligante e realizar a comparação dos resultados de difratometria de raio x dos compostos sintetizados pelo método do pó com os monocristais obtidos por síntese difusão lenta apresentados na literatura.

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6

Nunes, Wilhan Donizete Gonçalves. "Síntese, caracterização e estudo termoanalítico dos isoftalatos de lantânio (III), cério (III), praseodímio (III), neodímio (III), samário (III), európio (III) e gadolínio (III)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4777.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In the last years the interest in the chemistry of coordination compounds of polycarboxylic acids and lanthanides or transition metals has substantially increased, due to their interesting characteristics, such as gas storage (Metal-organic frameworks compounds), luminescence and magnetic properties. A literature survey reveals few studies investigating the properties of lighter lanthanide coordination compounds obtained by soft chemistry routes, and mainly the study of their thermal properties in air atmosphere. In this work the reaction between sodium isophthalate and lighter lanthanides solutions (La – Gd) except Pm, led to the formation of two new coordination compounds, and five already reported in the literature, whose thermal behavior and infrared spectra was investigated. The compounds was characterized by simultaneous Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TG-DSC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyses coupled to Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and EDTA complexometry. With the TG-DSC and TG-FTIR data was possible to determinate the general formula of compounds (Ln2(L)3.nH2O, where Ln = La – Gd, except Pm, L = isophthalate, n varies from 2 to 13,5), thermal stability and molar dehydration enthalpy per water molecule, as well as the main evolved gases during thermal decomposition (H2O, CO2 and CO). The FTIR spectra suggest that metal-ligand coordination occurs in the bridging bidentate mode.
Nos últimos anos, tem surgido um grande interesse na química dos compostos de coordenação de ácidos dicarboxílicos com metais de transição ou lantanídeos, devido a sua aplicabilidade em compostos de estrutura molecular porosa (Metal-organic frameworks) e interessantes propriedades luminescentes. Uma revisão na literatura revela a falta de trabalhos estudando de forma sistemática as propriedades térmicas de compostos de coordenação de lantanídeos leves com o ligante isoftalato em atmosfera de ar, principalmente obtidos por meio de vias sintéticas classificadas como brandas. Neste trabalho, foi realizada a síntese dois novos compostos de coordenação, e cinco já reportados pela literatura em diferentes trabalhos, utilizando a metodologia de reação direta entre soluções de ácido isoftálico (ácido 1,3- benzenodicarboxílico) e de lantanídeos (La – Gd) exceto Pm. Os compostos sintetizados foram caracterizados e estudados através das técnicas de análise termogravimétrica e calorimetria exploratória diferencial simultânea (TG-DSC), Calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) e Espectroscopia de Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourrier (FTIR) e Complexometria por EDTA. A partir das curvas TG-DSC e TG-FTIR foi possível a determinar a estequiometria dos compostos, com fórmula geral Ln2(L)3.nH2O (Ln = La a Gd, exceto Pm, L = isoftalato) n variando de 2 a 13,5, bem como estabilidade térmica, grau de hidratação dos compostos e os principais produtos gasosos formados pela decomposição térmica (H2O, CO2 e CO). Através das análises de FTIR pode-se sugerir que o tipo de coordenação entre metal e o ligante é bidentado em ponte.

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7

Eckhart, Eric Ashton. "A search for charmless baryonic B meson decays at CLEO." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1054568796.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 133 p.: ill. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Richard D. Kass, Dept. of Physics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-133).

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8

Sangiri, Magomed. "Strategier för att hantera hinder vid utveckling av transnationella informationssystem." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20091.

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Det här arbetet är en generell forskning om transnationella informationssystem. Det är viktigt att informationsflöden inom en organisation kan överföras utan något hinder. För att lyckas med det bör organisationer lägga en del av sina resurser på arbetet med IT lösningar. Informationsflöden som skrider över ett lands gränser bör särskilt beaktas. Multinationella företag bör tänka på att problematiken med byggandet av IS arkitekturen ökas kraftigt på en internationell nivå. Det finns ett antal olika informationssystemsstrategier som kan tillämpas vid byggandet av ett IS. De riktlinjer och regler som finns med i olika strategier kan delvis passa till TIS om det bara beaktas att TIS hanteras på en global nivå. Strategierna som beskrivs i detta arbete är följande: VBS, IRM, PAKS och SOA. Utifrån de olika strategier och empiriska undersökningen av dagens problematik med transnationella informationssystem bygger jag mina förslag på förbättring. Dessa förslag är mer generella och vidare forskning krävs. Problematiken bör studeras djupare för att varje år ökar antalet olika företag som kommer till globala marknaden och de behöver bättre förslag till hur deras TIS skall byggas.

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9

Osdoit-Doutey, Sylvie. "Interaction des plaquettes avec la fibrine : mécanismes moléculaires et signalisation associée." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077091.

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10

Nelson, Karen. "A multi-methodological examination of Information and Knowledge Management (IKM) in business contexts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15930/1/Karen_Nelson_Thesis.pdf.

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Many different approaches have been proposed with the aim of facilitating sound and successful information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM) practices within business contexts. These approaches seek to identify organizational factors (e.g. culture or information technology practices) or to suggest management processes (e.g. human resources management) required to establish environments conducive to IM and KM. Most of these approaches, often presented as frameworks (as they are referred to in this study) for organizational IM or KM, are exemplified by the following features.Firstly, they have emerged as unrelated notions, with little reference to each other or to foundational studies in the area. Secondly these frameworks are not based on any theoretical foundation. Thirdly, these frameworks have tended to focus on either information or knowledge management activities but not both, even though organizational IM and KM exist in a complementary and co-dependent relationship. The usefulness of these frameworks is made problematic by muddled use of the terms 'information', 'knowledge', 'IM' and 'KM', which are often transposed or used synonymously. The situation is further complicated by the inherent complexity of the organizational environments into which practitioners attempt to introduce information and knowledge management (IKM) initiatives. Early outputs of this research are explanations of how the terminology above is used in this study and a literature review that describes current IM and KM frameworks by analyzing their components. The literature review identifies current challenges in the research domain, including the need for sound foundation (referent model) on which future IKM frameworks can be based. A suitable referent model is proposed by integrating single and double feedback loops (from systems theory) with two concepts from the IM literature: IM processes and the domains of IM activity. Then, an interpretive multi-methodological research (MMR) approach is pursued consisting of three sequential phases: action research, transition and case study. The first phase, a 3-cycle action research project accompanied by a longitudinal descriptive case study and an embedded literature analysis, was conducted over a 31 month period. The key research outcome of the action research phase was a set of candidate enablers Information and Knowledge Management (IKM) in Business Contexts for organizational IKM, while the organizational deliverables included policies, strategies, process improvement and new information systems. The information gathered in phase one was rich and deep. However, in keeping with the goal of the research to produce a practical, useful IKM framework, the researcher sought a broader view from the IKM community. To achieve this practitioner view, a second research phase was designed to bridge the gap between the detailed examinations of IKM initiatives within one organizational environment, to the examination of IKM initiatives within other organizations. Therefore phase two - a transition phase - consisted of a series of surveys and interviews with IKM practitioners that explored their perceptions of organizational IKM activities and environments. The data collected in phase two supported the findings from phase one and informed the development of the case protocols for the third - case study - phase. In the third phase, six IKM projects in three organizations were studied. Documentary and interview data were examined to understand the relationships between IKM projects, the candidate enablers identified earlier in phases one and two, and other organizational factors implicated in IKM initiatives. When analyzed, the findings from the third phase converged with the data collected in the previous two phases, and provided a rich, deep and broad collection of material. The study culminates by synthesizing the data collected in the three research phases to (1) confirm a suitable referent model on which IKM frameworks can be based and (2) develop an integrated, multidimensional IKM framework that assimilates the referent model. The referent model, which is based on previous calls for IKM frameworks to have a sound theoretical foundation, incorporates two established concepts from the IKM literature: (a) the operational, analytical and strategic domains of IKM activity and (b) double and single loop feedback loops of systems thinking applied to IKM processes. The practical and flexible IKM framework, which assimilates these concepts, has three dimensions. These dimensions are (i) domains of IKM activity and feedback loops (ii) organizational enablers (iii) project context. It is envisaged that this framework be used by practitioners to identify and manage areas of the business environment that require attention to ensure success of IKM projects or initiatives.

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11

Nelson, Karen. "A multi-methodological examination of Information and Knowledge Management (IKM) in business contexts." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15930/.

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Анотація:

Many different approaches have been proposed with the aim of facilitating sound and successful information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM) practices within business contexts. These approaches seek to identify organizational factors (e.g. culture or information technology practices) or to suggest management processes (e.g. human resources management) required to establish environments conducive to IM and KM. Most of these approaches, often presented as frameworks (as they are referred to in this study) for organizational IM or KM, are exemplified by the following features.Firstly, they have emerged as unrelated notions, with little reference to each other or to foundational studies in the area. Secondly these frameworks are not based on any theoretical foundation. Thirdly, these frameworks have tended to focus on either information or knowledge management activities but not both, even though organizational IM and KM exist in a complementary and co-dependent relationship. The usefulness of these frameworks is made problematic by muddled use of the terms 'information', 'knowledge', 'IM' and 'KM', which are often transposed or used synonymously. The situation is further complicated by the inherent complexity of the organizational environments into which practitioners attempt to introduce information and knowledge management (IKM) initiatives. Early outputs of this research are explanations of how the terminology above is used in this study and a literature review that describes current IM and KM frameworks by analyzing their components. The literature review identifies current challenges in the research domain, including the need for sound foundation (referent model) on which future IKM frameworks can be based. A suitable referent model is proposed by integrating single and double feedback loops (from systems theory) with two concepts from the IM literature: IM processes and the domains of IM activity. Then, an interpretive multi-methodological research (MMR) approach is pursued consisting of three sequential phases: action research, transition and case study. The first phase, a 3-cycle action research project accompanied by a longitudinal descriptive case study and an embedded literature analysis, was conducted over a 31 month period. The key research outcome of the action research phase was a set of candidate enablers Information and Knowledge Management (IKM) in Business Contexts for organizational IKM, while the organizational deliverables included policies, strategies, process improvement and new information systems. The information gathered in phase one was rich and deep. However, in keeping with the goal of the research to produce a practical, useful IKM framework, the researcher sought a broader view from the IKM community. To achieve this practitioner view, a second research phase was designed to bridge the gap between the detailed examinations of IKM initiatives within one organizational environment, to the examination of IKM initiatives within other organizations. Therefore phase two - a transition phase - consisted of a series of surveys and interviews with IKM practitioners that explored their perceptions of organizational IKM activities and environments. The data collected in phase two supported the findings from phase one and informed the development of the case protocols for the third - case study - phase. In the third phase, six IKM projects in three organizations were studied. Documentary and interview data were examined to understand the relationships between IKM projects, the candidate enablers identified earlier in phases one and two, and other organizational factors implicated in IKM initiatives. When analyzed, the findings from the third phase converged with the data collected in the previous two phases, and provided a rich, deep and broad collection of material. The study culminates by synthesizing the data collected in the three research phases to (1) confirm a suitable referent model on which IKM frameworks can be based and (2) develop an integrated, multidimensional IKM framework that assimilates the referent model. The referent model, which is based on previous calls for IKM frameworks to have a sound theoretical foundation, incorporates two established concepts from the IKM literature: (a) the operational, analytical and strategic domains of IKM activity and (b) double and single loop feedback loops of systems thinking applied to IKM processes. The practical and flexible IKM framework, which assimilates these concepts, has three dimensions. These dimensions are (i) domains of IKM activity and feedback loops (ii) organizational enablers (iii) project context. It is envisaged that this framework be used by practitioners to identify and manage areas of the business environment that require attention to ensure success of IKM projects or initiatives.

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12

Davenport, Elizabeth Ann. "I'm learning and I'm not afraid." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2472.

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I intend to present my work in four parts. The first section will be devoted to the `State of the Studio', a catalogue of sorts, documenting the accumulation of ideas and objects that make up the space where I spend the majority of my time. The second section `This Place', will reflect on the pivotal experiences and relationships outside of the studio that have influenced my thinking. The third section `Get Excited and Make Things' will attempt to synthesize the impact of the space and the place paired with outside influences in order to shed light on my current work. The last section, `I'm Learning and I'm not Afraid', will begin to outline some of my future ambitions as a painter and a maker. The piece as a whole will be constructed in the style of a narrative graphic essay. The document will be littered with personally symbolic drawings that will, hopefully, enhance the text and engage the reader more fully in my world.

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13

Ferreira, Fernando António da Costa. "Distribuição nuclear, dinâmica e função das topoisomerases I, IIα e IIβ na replicação de genomas : estudo experimental no adenovírus serótipo 2-". Doctoral thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/224.

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Projectos de Investigação no âmbito dos quais o trabalho foi realizado:2001/05 - Cell biology of human topoisomerase IIα (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia – Programa Operacional Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação/BCI/36194/2000. 2005/07 - Topoisomerases: at the border between DNA replication and chromatin structure (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia – Programa Operacional de Ciência e Inovação/BIA-BCM/63368/2004)
Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Veterinárias
Neste trabalho foi estudado o papel das topoisomerases celulares (I, IIα e IIβ) na replicação, usando os adenovírus como modelo. Os adenovírus apresentam um genoma de ADN de cadeia dupla e são responsáveis por infecções respiratórias, gastro-intestinais, oftalmológicas, neurológicas e genito-urinárias. São organismos ubiquitários, infectam passáros e a maioria dos mamíferos, incluindo o Homem. Com efeito, a importância destes vírus tem vindo a aumentar por surgirem associados a novos quadros nosológicos (imunodeficiências, transplantes de órgãos) e por poderem vir a funcionar como vectores terapêuticos em doenças genéticas e na viroterapia do cancro. No presente trabalho (1) analisámos a distribuição das topoisomerases I, IIα e IIβ no núcleo de células infectadas, com utilização de tecnologias modernas de microscopia, (2) caracterizámos funcionalmente os locais de acumulação destas enzimas, (3) testámos se a replicação e a transcrição virais eram necessárias ao seu recrutamento, (4) estudámos a dinâmica das topoisomerases I e IIα in vivo por FRAP, (5) realizámos a analise mutacional da topoisomerase I e (6) quantificámos as concentrações e actividades catalíticas das topoisomerases antes e depois da infecção. Por fim, (7) abordámos a conexão funcional entre estas proteínas celulares e a replicação do vírus por depleção selectiva de cada topoisomerase (siRNA), evitando os efeitos genotóxicos dos fármacos antitopoisomerase. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que ambos os tipos de topoisomerases (I e II) são utilizados pelo adenovírus durante a sua replicação, mas que o seu papel é diferencial, com relevo inesperado para as topoisomerases IIα e IIβ. Estes resultados sugerem que as topoisomerases poderão ser potenciais alvos na terapêutica de patologias infecciosas e potenciais factores preditivos na terapêutica viral do cancro.

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Gunhan-Senol, Nazmiye Evra. ""I'm Turkish, I'm Honest..." I'm Autistic| Perceptions Regarding the Label of Autism." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3712371.

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This dissertation focused on understanding the perceptions built around autism in the Turkish context through an inquiry of lived experiences of individuals who have close contact with individuals on the autism spectrum. The nature of the experiences of two main groups of the participants, a group of experts working with individuals with autism and the parents of children who are on the spectrum, is explored employing an interpretive phenomenological analysis, which is a method of qualitative inquiry. The perceptions of participants show divergences and similarities regarding the nature of autism, the intervention, and the role of the family as well as regarding issues about diagnosis, collaboration, and conflict among experts and between all participant groups. For all groups of participants, the variation in the manifestations of autism symptomology and the overall severity level emerged as one crucial factor shaping the perceptions around the condition. The understandings of the majority of the participants seems to be informed by a theoretical basis that is mainly built around behavior control and behavior modification. The emphasis on behavior modification, in turn, shapes the education practices, which is considered to be the sole intervention for autism by all participants, leading to efforts to eliminate unwanted behaviors rather than seeking the possible underlying factors that trigger them. The focus on behaviors also leads to a particular understanding of what constitutes a successful outcome of therapy in which the evaluation of functional use of skills acquired during intervention can be overlooked.

The informational inaccessibility and the knowledge inequality that currently exists in Turkey appears as one major implication of this investigation. This is indicative of the need for greater collaboration on the part of the professionals as well as a service delivery system that is oriented to providing parents and experts working with children on the ASD spectrum with the most recent data-based knowledge.

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15

Harju, J., F. Daniel, O. Sipilae, P. Caselli, J. E. Pineda, R. K. Friesen, A. Punanova, et al. "Deuteration of ammonia in the starless core Ophiuchus/H-MM1." EDP SCIENCES S A, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624367.

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Context. Ammonia and its deuterated isotopologues probe physical conditions in dense molecular cloud cores. The time-dependence of deuterium fractionation and the relative abundances of different nuclear spin modifications are supposed to provide a means of determining the evolutionary stages of these objects. Aims. We aim to test the current understanding of spin-state chemistry of deuterated species by determining the abundances and spin ratios of NH2D, NHD2 and ND3 in a quiescent, dense cloud. Methods. Spectral lines of NH3, NH2D, NHD2, ND3 and N2D+ were observed towards a dense, starless core in Ophiuchus with the APEX, GBT and IRAM 30-m telescopes. The observations were interpreted using a gas-grain chemistry model combined with radiative transfer calculations. The chemistry model distinguishes between the different nuclear spin states of light hydrogen molecules, ammonia and their deuterated forms. Different desorption schemes can be considered. Results. High deuterium fractionation ratios with NH2D = NH3 similar to 0 : 4, NHD2 = NH2D similar to 0 : 2 and ND3 = NHD2 similar to 0 : 06 are found in the core. The observed ortho/para ratios of NH2D and NHD2 are close to the corresponding nuclear spin statistical weights. The chemistry model can approximately reproduce the observed abundances, but consistently predicts too low ortho/para-NH2D, and too large ortho/para-NHD2 ratios. The longevity of N2H+ and NH3 in dense gas, which is prerequisite to their strong deuteration, can be attributed to the chemical inertia of N-2 on grain surfaces. Conclusions. The discrepancies between the chemistry model and the observations are likely to be caused by the fact that the model assumes complete scrambling in principal gas-phase deuteration reactions of ammonia, which means that all the nuclei are mixed in reactive collisions. If, instead, these reactions occur through proton hop/hydrogen abstraction processes, statistical spin ratios are to be expected. The present results suggest that while the deuteration of ammonia changes with physical conditions and time, the nuclear spin ratios of ammonia isotopologues do not probe the evolutionary stage of a cloud.

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Muñoz, Muñoz Juan Pablo. "Separación de lantano (III), cerio (III), praseodimio (III) y neodimio (III) mediante extracción por solventes utilizando extractantes organofosforados." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115867.

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Memoria para optar al título de Químico
En esta Memoria de Título se estudió la extracción y separación de lantano (III), cerio (III), praseodimio (III) y neodimio (III) mediante extracción por solventes utilizando como agentes transportadores los extractantes comerciales D2EHPA, PC88A, LIX 272 y CYANEX 301. El análisis de las curvas de especiación química de los elementos tierras raras (ETR) en fase acuosa en función del pH permiten establecer que en el rango de pH de trabajo los iones de La, Ce y Pr se encuentran principalmente como iones complejados con nitrato. Sin embargo, entre pH 1 y 2 se presenta una competencia con la especie ETR-sulfato. Debido a que el ión nitrato presenta un poder ligante muy débil, en la práctica es posible considerar que los iones ETR se encuentran como especies libres cuando se presenta una competencia frente a un ligante más fuerte, tal como sería en el caso de los extractantes organofosforados, mientras que, la especie ETR-sulfato sería la única especie que podría interferir en la extracción de los iones de ETR. Los experimentos de extracción por solventes realizados entre cada uno de los iones metálicos de ETR con cada uno de los extractantes propuestos, se llevaron a cabo considerando las siguientes variables que afectan al proceso: la concentración de cada uno de los extractantes en la fase orgánica, de cada ión metálico presente en la fase acuosa y el pH de la solución acuosa de alimentación. Un análisis de los resultados obtenidos para la variación en la concentración de extractante indicó que, los valores más altos de extracción se logran cuando se utilizan 40 mM. Los resultados varían dependiendo del ión metálico observándose siempre las mayores extracciones para Pr, y en menor grado consecutivo Nd, Ce y La. Los resultados obtenidos para la variación de pH inicial indicaron que, en general, el porcentaje de extracción se incrementa con el aumento del pH inicial de la solución acuosa de alimentación en todos los experimentos realizados. En el caso de los extractantes D2EHPA y PC88A se alcanzaron extracciones sin una distinción práctica entre cada uno de los iones ETR. Mientras que, en el caso de los extractantes LIX 272 y CYANEX 301 se observó que hay diferenciación clara en el grado de extracción para los distintos ETR. Los resultados obtenidos para la variación en la concentración de ión metálico inicial permitieron aseverar que, en general, el grado de extracción disminuye con el incremento de la concentración de ión metálico en la solución de alimentación inicial para los cuatro extractantes estudiados. Los experimentos de retroextracción de los iones metálicos de ETR presentaron una tendencia moderada a la disminución con el incremento de la concentración de H2SO4 en la fase acuosa para los todos los complejos ETR-extractante estudiados. Sólo se observó que en el caso de los complejos ETR-LIX 272 se lograron porcentajes de retroextracción intermedios que podían ser utilizados en una ruta de separación de los iones ETR. El análisis de los estudios de equilibrio permitió apreciar claramente que la extracción de Pr es la más favorecida en todos los casos, y en menor grado consecutivo Nd, Ce y La. Adicionalmente, se pudo observar que desde el punto de vista de los extractantes el D2EHPA es el que más favorece la reacción de extracción y en menor grado consecutivo PC88A, LIX 272 y CYANEX 301. A partir de un análisis de todos los datos obtenidos se pudo deducir que el extractante LIX 272 cumplió de mejor manera con el requisito de extraer preferentemente alguno de los iones de ETR en ciertas condiciones y, de este modo, poder plantear de esa manera alguna posible ruta de separación. Los estudios cinéticos de extracción indicaron que en general es el Pr el que reacciona más rápidamente, y el La el que reacciona más lentamente, con todos los extractantes. Del mismo modo, se observa que el extractante que reacciona de manera más rápida con los iones metálicos es el D2EHPA y en menor grado consecutivo PC88A, LIX 272 y CYANEX 301. Por otro lado, los experimentos cinéticos de retroextracción indicaron que los complejos ETR-D2EHPA y ETR-PC88A son los que más rápidamente liberan los iones de ETR. Asimismo, el complejo ETR-CYANEX 301 es el que los libera más lentamente. La ruta de separación de iones metálicos en dos etapas propuesta en este estudio utilizando como extractante el LIX 272 cumple en cierta medida con el objetivo planteado. En la primera etapa de extracción se logró incrementar la pureza del La en la fase acuosa hasta un 40%, aproximadamente. Una proyección de este resultado en 8 contactos permitiría obtener un refino constituido exclusivamente por La, alcanzando a aislar cerca del 70% del La inicial. En la segunda etapa de la ruta de separación, que considera la retroextracción de los complejos ETR-LIX 272, se logró aislar cerca del 74% del Ce inicial con una pureza superior al 98%. Una proyección de 3 contactos para esta etapa permitiría obtener una fase acuosa final con un 99,97% de pureza de Ce y con un rendimiento global del proceso de un 54,8%. Esta ruta de separación por equilibrios deja el problema de separación relegado solamente a la dupla Pr y Nd. Por otro lado, la diferencia en un orden de magnitud de las constantes cinéticas de retroextracción para los complejos Pr-LIX 272 y Nd-LIX 272 permitiría proyectar una separación de ambos iones en el tiempo
The extraction and separation of lanthanum (III), cerium (III), praseodymium (III), and neodymium (III) was studied by means of solvent extraction using D2EHPA, PC88A, LIX 272, and CYANEX 301 as extractant. The analysis of the chemical speciation curves of rare earth elements (REE) in aqueous phase as a function of pH allow to establish that in the working pH range the lanthanum, cerium, and praseodymium ions are complexed mainly with nitrate. However, between pH 1 and 2 a competition with REE-sulfate species is observed. Due to the nitrate ion has a very weak binding power, in fact it is possible to consider that REE ions are as free species when there is a competition with a stronger binder, as would be the case of organophosphorus extractants, while REE-sulfate species would be the only species that could interfere in the extraction of REE ions. The solvent extraction experiments, performed between each of the metal ions of REE with each of the proposed extractants, were carried out considering the following variables that affect the process: the concentration of each of the extractants in the organic phase, the concentration of each metal ion present in the aqueous phase and the pH of the aqueous feed solution. An analysis of the obtained results for the variation in the extractant concentration indicated that the highest values of extraction are achieved when using 40 mM. Results vary depending on the metal ion, always showing a preference for the praseodymium and in less consecutive degree for neodymium, cerium, and lanthanum. The obtained results for the variation of initial pH indicated that, in general, the extraction percentage increases with rising initial pH of the aqueous feed solution in all experiments. While in the case of extractants D2EHPA and PC88A no practical distinction between each of the REE ions were achieved, in the case of extractants LIX 272 and CYANEX 301 it was noted that there was clear difference in the degree of extraction for different REE. The results obtained for the variation in initial metal ion concentration allowed to assert that, in general, the extraction degree decreases while increasing metal ion concentration in the initial feed solution for the four extractants studied. Stripping experiments of REE metal ions showed a moderate tendency to decrease with increasing H2SO4 concentration in the aqueous phase for all REE-extractant complexes studied. It was observed that only in the case of REE-LIX 272 complex intermediate stripping percentages were achieved that could be used in a route of the separation of REE ions. The analysis of the equilibrium studies allowed to appreciate clearly that the extraction of praseodymium is the most favored in all cases, and less consecutive neodymium, cerium and lanthanum. Additionally, it was noted that from the point of view of the extractants, D2EHPA is which most favors the extraction reaction and in less consecutive degree for PC88A, LIX 272, and CYANEX 301. From an analysis of all the obtained data it is allowed to conclude that extractant LIX 272 is which better complies with the requirement for removing any REE ions preferably under certain conditions and, thus, can propound some possible separation route. Extraction kinetic studies indicated that in general praseodymium will react faster with all the extractants and also in general, lanthanum reacts more slowly. In the same way, it is noted that the extractant that react faster with the metal ions is D2EHPA and in less consecutive degree for PC88A, LIX 272, and CYANEX 301. Furthermore, stripping kinetic experiments indicated that REE-D2EHPA, and REE-PC88A complexes are the fastest in releasing REE ions. Likewise, REE-CYANEX 301 complex is that which release them more slowly. The separation route of metal ions in two stages proposed in this study using the LIX 272 extractant fulfill in some extent with the stated objective. In the first extraction step it was able to increase the purity of lanthanum in the aqueous phase up to 40%, approximately. A projection of this result for 8 contacts would obtain a refine constituted exclusively of lanthanum, reaching out to isolate about 70% of the original lanthanum. In the second stage of the separation route, that considers the stripping of REE-LIX 272 complexes, about 74% of the initial cerium was isolated with a purity exceeding 98%. A projection of 3 contacts for this stage would provide a final aqueous phase with a purity of 99.97% for cerium and an overall process yield of 54.8%. This equilibrium separation route leaves the separation problem relegated only to the couple praseodymium and neodymium. On the other hand, the difference in an order of magnitude of the stripping kinetic constants for Pr-LIX 272, and Nd-LIX 272 complexes would allow to project a separation of both ions at time

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17

Cerny, Timothy Matthew. "High resolution electronic spectroscopy of group IIA and group IIB organometallic free radicals : calcium cyclopentadienyl, zinc monomethyl, cadmium monomethyl, and cadmium hydride /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487862972137218.

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18

Dale, D. A., D. O. Cook, H. Roussel, J. A. Turner, L. Armus, A. D. Bolatto, M. Boquien, et al. "Updated 34-band Photometry for the SINGS/KINGFISH Samples of Nearby Galaxies." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624375.

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We present an update to the ultraviolet-to-radio database of global broadband photometry for the 79 nearby galaxies that comprise the union of the KINGFISH (Key Insights on Nearby Galaxies: A Far-Infrared Survey with Herschel) and SINGS (Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey) samples. The 34-band data set presented here includes contributions from observational work carried out with a variety of facilities including GALEX, SDSS, Pan-STARRS1, NOAO, 2MASS, Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, Spitzer, Herschel, Planck, JCMT, and the VLA. Improvements of note include recalibrations of previously published SINGS BVRCIC and KINGFISH farinfrared/submillimeter photometry. Similar to previous results in the literature, an excess of submillimeter emission above model predictions is seen primarily for low-metallicity dwarf or irregular galaxies. This 33-band photometric data set for the combined KINGFISH+SINGS sample serves as an important multiwavelength reference for the variety of galaxies observed at low redshift. A thorough analysis of the observed spectral energy distributions is carried out in a companion paper.

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Bieging, John H., Saahil Patel, William L. Peters, L. Viktor Toth, Gábor Marton, and Sarolta Zahorecz. "THE ARIZONA RADIO OBSERVATORY CO MAPPING SURVEY OF GALACTIC MOLECULAR CLOUDS. V. THE SH2-235 CLOUD IN CO J = 2 − 1, 13 CO J = 2 − 1, AND CO J = 3 − 2." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621984.

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We present the results of a program to map the Sh2-235 molecular cloud complex in the CO and (CO)-C-13 J = 2 - 1 transitions using the Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope. The map resolution is 38 '' (FWHM), with an rms noise of 0.12K brightness temperature, for a velocity resolution of 0.34 km s(-1). With the same telescope, we also mapped the CO J = 3 - 2 line at a frequency of 345 GHz, using a 64 beam focal plane array of heterodyne mixers, achieving a typical rms noise of 0.5 K brightness temperature with a velocity resolution of 0.23 km s(-1). The three spectral line data cubes are available for download. Much of the cloud appears to be slightly sub-thermally excited in the J = 3 level, except for in the vicinity of the warmest and highest column density areas, which are currently forming stars. Using the CO and (CO)-C-13. J = 2 - 1 lines, we employ an LTE model to derive the gas column density over the entire mapped region. Examining a 125 pc(2). region centered on the most active star formation in the vicinity of Sh2-235, we find that the young stellar object surface density scales as approximately the 1.6-power of the gas column density. The area distribution function of the gas is a steeply declining exponential function of gas column density. Comparison of the morphology of ionized and molecular gas suggests that the cloud is being substantially disrupted by expansion of the H II regions, which may be triggering current star formation.

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Rho, J., J. W. Hewitt, J. Bieging, W. T. Reach, M. Andersen, and R. Güsten. "DISCOVERY OF BROAD MOLECULAR LINES AND OF SHOCKED MOLECULAR HYDROGEN FROM THE SUPERNOVA REMNANT G357.7+0.3: HHSMT, APEX, SPITZER , AND SOFIA OBSERVATIONS." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622645.

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We report a discovery of shocked gas from the supernova remnant (SNR) G357.7+0.3. Our millimeter and submillimeter observations reveal broad molecular lines of CO(2-1), CO(3-2), CO(4-3), (CO)-C-13 (2-1), and (CO)-C-13 (3-2), HCO+, and HCN using the Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope, the Arizona 12 m Telescope, APEX, and the MOPRA Telescope. The widths of the broad lines are 15-30 km s(-1), and the detection of such broad lines is unambiguous, dynamic evidence showing that the SNR G357.7+0.3 is interacting with molecular clouds. The broad lines appear in extended regions (>4'.5 x 5'). We also present the detection of shocked H-2 emission in the mid-infrared but lacking ionic lines using Spitzer/IRS observations to map a few-arcminute area. The H2 excitation diagram shows a best fit with a two-temperature local thermal equilibrium model with the temperatures of similar to 200 and 660 K. We observed [C II] at 158 mu m and high-J CO(11-10) with the German Receiver for Astronomy at Terahertz Frequencies (GREAT) on the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. The GREAT spectrum of [C II], a 3 sigma detection, shows a broad line profile with a width of 15.7 km(-1) that is similar to those of broad CO molecular lines. The line width of [C II] implies that ionic lines can come from a low-velocity C-shock. Comparison of H2 emission with shock models shows that a combination of two C-shock models is favored over a combination of C- and J-shocks or a single shock. We estimate the CO density, column density, and temperature using a RADEX model. The best-fit model with n(H-2) = 1.7 x 10(4) cm(-3), N(CO) = 5.6 x 10(16) cm(-2), and T = 75 K can reproduce the observed millimeter CO brightnesses.

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Kamenetzky, J., N. Rangwala, J. Glenn, P. R. Maloney, and A. Conley. "L '(CO)/L-FIR RELATIONS WITH CO ROTATIONAL LADDERS OF GALAXIES ACROSS THE HERSCHEL SPIRE ARCHIVE." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621957.

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We present a catalog of all CO (J = 4-3 through J = 13-12), [ C I], and [ N II] lines available from extragalactic spectra from the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) archive combined with observations of the low-J CO lines from the literature and from the Arizona Radio Observatory. This work examines the relationships between L-FIR, L'(CO), and L-CO/L-CO,L-1-0. We also present a new method for estimating probability distribution functions from marginal signal-to-noise ratio Herschel FTS spectra, which takes into account the instrumental "ringing" and the resulting highly correlated nature of the spectra. The slopes of log(L-FIR) versus log (L'(CO)) are linear for all mid- to high-J CO lines and slightly sublinear if restricted to (ultra) luminous infrared galaxies ((U) LIRGs). The mid-to high-J CO luminosity relative to CO J - 1-0 increases with increasing L-FIR, indicating higher excitement of the molecular gas, although these ratios do not exceed similar to 180. For a given bin in L-FIR, the luminosities relative to CO J = 1-0 remain relatively flat from J = 6-5 through J = 13-12, across three orders of magnitude of L-FIR. A single component theoretical photodissociation region (PDR) model cannot match these flat SLED shapes, although combinations of PDR models with mechanical heating added qualitatively match the shapes, indicating the need for further comprehensive modeling of the excitation processes of warm molecular gas in nearby galaxies.

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Meinel, Gotthard, and Ulrich Schumacher. "Flächennutzungsmonitoring III." Rhombos-Verl, 2011. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A4658.

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Das Buch informiert über neueste Methoden und Datengrundlagen eines Flächennutzungsmonitorings sowie kleinräumigen Statistik- und Prognosemethoden. Grundlage sind die Beiträge des 3. Dresdner Flächennutzungssymposiums. Zwei Trends bestimmen die rasante Entwicklung: das stetig verbesserte Datenangebot sowie die Abstimmung von Liegenschafts- und Geotopographie im AAA-Projekt. Diese wird nun endlich die tatsächliche Flächennutzung harmonisieren und neue Perspektiven für ein genaueres Flächennutzungsmonitoring eröffnen. In der Analyse und Visualisierung ist der Trend zu Rasterkarten unübersehbar. Denn administrative Gebietseinheiten werden momentan immer größer und entziehen sich damit einem Monitoring. Sie müssen zwingend um kleinräumigere und zeitlich konstante Analyseeinheiten ergänzt werden; dazu eignen sich insbesondere quadratische geographische Gitterzellen.:Aktuelle Trends der Flächennutzungsentwicklung Flächennutzungsentwicklung in Deutschland – Trendanalysen auf Basis der aktuellen amtlichen Flächenstatistik Gertrude Penn-Bressel............................................................................3 Flächenverbrauch und Landschaftszersiedelung – Wo steht Deutschland im internationalen Vergleich? Stefan Fina............................................................................................11 Aktuelle Ergebnisse des IÖR-Monitors zur Flächennutzung in Deutschland Tobias Krüger........................................................................................23 Methoden des Flächennutzungsmonitorings Fernerkundliche Erhebungen in Kombination mit Geo- und Statistikdaten – Mehrwert durch Datenverknüpfung Wieke Heldens, Hannes Taubenböck, Thomas Esch, Christian Geiß, Michael Wurm, Michael Thiel...................................................................39 Kleinräumige quantitative Abschätzung des deutschen Gebäudebestandes – Ausgangslage und Perspektive Martin Behnisch, Gotthard Meinel..........................................................47 Siedlungsflächenmonitoring in Rasterkarten Markus Dießelmann, Gotthard Meinel, Robert Hecht..............................61 Amtliche Flächenstatistik – ALK – IÖR-Monitor – Ergebnisse eines Vergleichs Gotthard Meinel, Ekkehard Scheffler......................................................71 Visualisierungs- und Bewertungsmethoden Visualisierung von Ergebnissen der Arealstatistik der Schweiz mit Kriging- und Mischrasterkarten Werner Meyer........................................................................................83 Monitoring- und Bewertungsmethoden von Problem- und Stadterneuerungs‑ gebieten – Realisierung im Stadtteilmonitor Dresden Nguyen Xuan Thinh................................................................................93 Raumbeobachtung und Flächenmanagement in der Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar Hans-Peter Hege.................................................................................107 Neue Analyse- und Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten im Monitor der Siedlungs- und Freiraumentwicklung (IÖR-Monitor) Jochen Förster.....................................................................................115 Amtliche Geodaten und -dienste als Grundlage eines Monitorings Das ATKIS Basis-DLM im neuen Gewand – was hat sich geändert Wolfram Kunze....................................................................................125 Das neue Geobasisprodukt 3D-Gebäudestrukturen Stephan Heitmann...............................................................................135 Informationsdienst „GeoDaten Dresden“ – informatorisches Instrument zum Flächensparen? Marcus Dora.........................................................................................141 Indikatoren und Monitoring des Freiraums Indikatoren und Monitoring der biologischen Vielfalt in Deutschland Werner Ackermann, Rainer Dröschmeister, Ulrich Sukopp...................149 Landschaftszerschneidung und Waldfragmentierung – Neue Indikatoren des IÖR-Monitors Ulrich Walz, Tobias Krüger, Ulrich Schumacher.....................................163 Prognosen der Flächeninanspruchnahme Das 30-Hektar-Ziel – Flächensparen auf Kosten sozialer und ökonomischer Belange? Stefan Siedentop.................................................................................173 Modellgestützte Projektion der Flächeninanspruchnahme in den Kreisen Deutschlands bis 2020 Martin Distelkamp, Philip Ulrich............................................................181 Gewerbeflächenprognosen – Methodische Zugänge und Forschungsbedarf Karsten Rusche, Alexander Mayr.........................................................189 Kleinräumige Statistik – Probleme und Lösungen Indikatorensysteme im Spannungsfeld zwischen europäischen Anforderungen und regionalem Informationsbedarf Hans-Dieter Kretschmann....................................................................199 „Äpfel mit Birnen vergleichen, aber nicht mit Zitronen“ – Überlegungen zu einer Erweiterung der regionalstatistischen Analyseeinheiten in der amtlichen Statistik Markus Sigismund................................................................................205 Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Regionalisierung statistischer Erhebungen am Beispiel des Zensus 2011 Michael Bubik, Karsten Lamla...............................................................213 Das kleinräumige städtische Gliederungssystem AGK als Basis intrakommunaler Informationssysteme Rainer Schönheit..................................................................................219 Strategien der Geoinformationsnutzung Geoinformations-Nutzung durch Geodateninfrastrukturen: Das Beispiel GDI Metropolregion Hamburg Sascha Tegtmeyer...............................................................................229 Planungsraumbezogene Informationsbereitstellung für Monitoring und Analyse – Umsetzungsbaustein der Rahmenstrategie Soziale Stadtentwicklung Berlin Dietrich Bangert...................................................................................235 Kommunale Geodateninfrastrukturen und sozio-technischer Systemwandel: Entwicklungspfade in Deutschland Marc Wolfram.......................................................................................241 Autorenverzeichnis..............................................................................255

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23

Karpin, George W. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Half-Sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III), and Co(III) Complexes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79414.

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This dissertation describes the synthesis and antimicrobial use of a series of half-sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III), Co(III) amino acid and ethylenediamine complexes. This investigation focuses on the formulation (ηn-arene)M(L)X, (L = ethylenediamine or α-amino carboxylate), (M= Ir, Rh, Ru, Co). Arene, Ligand and metal center variations were designed to tailor antimicrobial activity specific for each organism studied (Staphylococcus aureus or Mycobacteria). Each of the D/L-amino acids formed a diasteromeric complex with chiral centers on both the metal center and amino acid ligand. The unique chirality of each center elicits different antimicrobial activity against the Mycobacteria studied. The metal center (M), arene ligand (ηn-arene), and amino acid (aa), were changed independently and studied for the antimicrobial activity. In a similar fashion, each of the complexes modified with ethylenediamine and diamine derivatives were studied for their antimicrobial activity against S.aureus. All complexes were synthesized,characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS), single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. During the course of this work it was found that the amino acid complexes with all metal centers were specific for antimicrobial activity against all types of Mycobacteria, while the diamine derivatives were active against different strains of S.aureus. Acitvity was measured to be as low as 2 ug/mL respectively depending on the complex used. A structure activity relationship was developed to determine what combinations of ligand, metal and arene were necessary to achieve the highest antimicrobial activity. The optimal arene R-chain length for CpR was determined to be R=hexyl for all complexes studied. The most active amino acidcomplex was determined to be that of L-phenylglycine for Mycobacteria, the cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane complex is the most active ligand against S.aureus. Each metal center had similar activity levels. Toxicological studies were performed to test their viablity to be used in mammalian systems. The complexes with the highest activity were studied against several mammailan cell lines and revealed that mammailan cells were undergoing normal cellular processes at up to 40 times the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). A study of the MOA or mechanism of action revealed the ability of the amino acid complexes to affect the peptidyl transferase region on the 23s ribosomal subunit of M.smegmatis. This was accomplished by isolating resistant strains of M.smegmatis towards the most effective complex (Cp*hexyl)Ir(L-phenylglycine)-Cl. Cross drug resistance of these mutants was shown with clarithromycin. The DNA of the 23s ribosomal subunit was sequenced revealing a deletion/insertion mutation within domain V (bases 2057-2058).
Ph. D.

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24

Ren, Jun P., Lin Wang, Juan Zhao, Ling Wang, Shun B. Ning, Gazzar Mohamed El, Jonathan P. Moorman, and Zhi Q. Yao. "Decline of miR-124 in Myeloid Cells Promotes Regulatory T-cell Development in Hepatitis C Virus Infection." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.12680.

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Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC s) and microRNA s (miRNA s) contribute to attenuating immune responses during chronic viral infection; however, the precise mechanisms underlying their suppressive activities remain incompletely understood. We have recently shown marked expansion of MDSC s that promote regulatory T (Treg) cell development in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV ) infection. Here we further investigated whether the HCV ‐induced expansion of MDSC s and Treg cells is regulated by an miRNA ‐mediated mechanism. The RNA array analysis revealed that six miRNA s were up‐regulated and six miRNA s were down‐regulated significantly in myeloid cells during HCV infection. Real‐time RT ‐PCR confirmed the down‐regulation of miR‐124 in MDSC s from HCV patients. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that miR‐124 may be involved in the regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT ‐3), which was overexpressed in MDSC s from HCV patients. Notably, silencing of STAT ‐3 significantly increased the miR‐124 expression, whereas reconstituting miR‐124 decreased the levels of STAT ‐3, as well as interleukin‐10 and transforming growth factor‐β , which were overexpressed in MDCS s, and reduced the frequencies of Foxp3+ Treg cells that were developed during chronic HCV infection. These results suggest that reciprocal regulation of miR‐124 and STAT ‐3 in MDSC s promotes Treg cell development, thus uncovering a novel mechanism for the expansion of MDSC and Treg cells during HCV infection.

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25

Ren, Jun P., Juan Zhao, Jun Dai, Jeddidiah W. D. Griffin, Ling Wang, Xiao Y. Wu, Zheng D. Morrison, et al. "Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Regulate T-cell Differentiation and Function via the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Pathway." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.12616.

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T cells play a pivotal role in controlling viral infection; however, the precise mechanisms responsible for regulating T‐cell differentiation and function during infections are incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated an expansion of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC s), in particular the monocytic MDSC s (M‐MDSC s; CD 14+ CD 33+ CD 11b+ HLA ‐DR −/low), in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV ) infection. Notably, HCV ‐induced M‐MDSC s express high levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT 3) and interleukin‐10 (IL ‐10) compared with healthy subjects. Blocking STAT 3 signalling reduced HCV ‐mediated M‐MDSC expansion and decreased IL ‐10 expression. Importantly, we observed a significant increase in the numbers of CD 4+ CD 25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells following incubation of healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC s) with MDSC s derived from HCV ‐infected patients or treated with HCV core protein. In addition, depletion of MDSC s from PBMC s led to a significant reduction of Foxp3+ Treg cells developed during chronic HCV infection. Moreover, depletion of MDSC s from PBMC s significantly increased interferon‐γ production by CD 4+ T effector (Teff) cells derived from HCV patients. These results suggest that HCV ‐induced MDSC s promote Treg cell development and inhibit Teff cell function, suggesting a novel mechanism for T‐cell regulation and a new strategy for immunotherapy against human viral diseases.

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26

Zeng, Chao, Adrian Gonzalez-Alvarez, Emily Orenstein, Jim A. Field, Farhang Shadman, and Reyes Sierra-Alvarez. "Ecotoxicity assessment of ionic As(III), As(V), In(III) and Ga(III) species potentially released from novel III-V semiconductor materials." ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623578.

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III-V materials such as indium arsenide (InAs) and gallium arsenide (GaAs) are increasingly used in electronic and photovoltaic devices. The extensive application of these materials may lead to release of III-V ionic species during semiconductor manufacturing or disposal of decommissioned devices into the environment. Although arsenic is recognized as an important contaminant due to its high toxicity, there is a lack of information about the toxic effects of indium and gallium ions. In this study, acute toxicity of As(III), As(V), In(III) and Ga(III) species was evaluated using two microbial assays testing for methanogenic activity and 02 uptake, as well as two bioassays targeting aquatic organisms, including the marine bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri (bioluminescence inhibition) and the crustacean Daphnia magna (mortality). The most noteworthy finding was that the toxicity is mostly impacted by the element tested. Secondarily, the toxicity of these species also depended on the bioassay target. In(III) and Ga(III) were not or only mildly toxic in the experiments. D. magna was the most sensitive organism for In(III) and Ga(III) with 50% lethal concentrations of 0.5 and 3.4 mM, respectively. On the other hand, As(III) and As(V) caused clear inhibitory effects, particularly in the methanogenic toxicity bioassay. The 50% inhibitory concentrations of both arsenic species towards methanogens were about 0.02 mM, which is lower than the regulated maximum allowable daily effluent discharge concentration (2.09 mg/L or 0.03 mM) for facilities manufacturing electronic components in the US. Overall, the results indicate that the ecotoxicity of In (III) and Ga(III) is much lower than that of the As species tested. This finding is important in filling the knowledge gap regarding the ecotoxicology of In and Ga.

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27

Svoboda, Brian E., Yancy L. Shirley, Cara Battersby, Erik W. Rosolowsky, Adam G. Ginsburg, Timothy P. Ellsworth-Bowers, Michele R. Pestalozzi, et al. "THE BOLOCAM GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY. XIV. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MASSIVE STARLESS AND STAR-FORMING CLUMPS." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621258.

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We sort 4683 molecular clouds between 10 degrees < l < 65 degrees from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey based on observational diagnostics of star formation activity: compact 70 mu m sources, mid-IR color-selected YSOs, H2O and CH3OH masers, and UCH II. regions. We also present a combined NH3-derived gas kinetic temperature and H2O maser catalog for 1788 clumps from our own GBT 100 m observations and from the literature. We identify a subsample of 2223 (47.5%) starless clump candidates (SCCs), the largest and most robust sample identified from a blind survey to date. Distributions of flux density, flux concentration, solid angle, kinetic temperature, column density, radius, and mass show strong (>1 dex) progressions when sorted by star formation indicator. The median SCC is marginally subvirial (alpha similar to 0.7) with >75% of clumps with known distance being gravitationally bound (alpha < 2). These samples show a statistically significant increase in the median clump mass of Delta M similar to 170-370 M-circle dot from the starless candidates to clumps associated with protostars. This trend could be due to (i) mass growth of the clumps at (M) over dot similar to 200-440 M-circle dot Myr(-1) for an average freefall 0.8 Myr timescale, (ii) a systematic factor of two increase in dust opacity from starless to protostellar phases, and/or (iii). a variation in the ratio of starless to protostellar clump lifetime that scales as similar to M-0.4. By comparing to the observed number of CH3OH maser containing clumps, we estimate the phase. lifetime of massive (M > 10(3) M-circle dot) starless clumps to be 0.37 +/- 0.08 Myr (M/10(3) M-circle dot)(-1); the majority (M < 450 M-circle dot) have phase. lifetimes longer than their average freefall time.

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28

Seo, Youngmin, and Youngmin Seo. "The L1495-B218 Filaments in Taurus Seen in NH₃ & CCS and Dynamical Stability of Filaments and Dense Cores." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621572.

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We present deep NH₃ and CCS maps of L1495-B218 filaments and the dense cores embedded within the filaments in Taurus. The L1495-B218 filaments form an interconnected, nearby, large complex extending over 8 pc. We observed the filaments in NH₃ (1,1)&(2,2), CCS Nⱼ = 1₂-0₁, and HC₇N J = 21-20 with spectral resolution of 0.038 km/s and spatial resolution of 31". The CSAR algorithm, which is a hybrid of seeded-watershed and binary dendrogram algorithm, identifies 39 leaves and 16 branches in NH₃ (1,1). Applying a virial analysis for the 39 NH₃ leaves, we find only 9 out of 39 leaves are gravitationally bound, and 12 out of 30 gravitationally unbound leaves are pressure-confined. Our analysis suggests that a dense core may form as a pressure-confined structure, evolve to a gravitationally bound core, and then undergo collapse to form a protostar. We find that the L1495A, B213E, and B216 regions have strong CCS emission and the B211 and B218 regions have weak CCS emission. Analysis of CCS emission with NH₃ (1,1) and dust continuum emission shows that CCS is not a good tracer for starless core evolution. On the other hand, CCS appears to trace recently accreted gas in L1495A and L1521D. We also present more realistic dynamic stability conditions for dense cores and filaments. In a new analysis of stability conditions we account for converging motions which have been modeled toward starless cores and take the effect of radiation fields. We find that the critical size of a dense core having a homologous converging motion with its peak speed being the sound speed is roughly half of the critical size of the Bonnor-Ebert sphere. We also find the critical mass/line density of a dense core/filament irradiated by radiation to be considerably smaller than that of the Bonnor-Ebert sphere/isothermal cylinder when the radiation pressure is stronger than the central gas pressure of dense core/isothermal cylinder. For regions in the inner Galaxy and near OB associations, the critical mass/line density of a dense structure may be less than 20% of the critical mass/line density of Bonnor-Ebert sphere/isothermal cylinder.

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29

Imara, Nia, Charles Lada, John Lewis, John H. Bieging, Shuo Kong, Marco Lombardi, and Joao Alves. "X Marks the Spot: Nexus of Filaments, Cores, and Outflows in a Young Star-forming Region." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624336.

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We present a multiwavelength investigation of a region of a nearby giant molecular cloud that is distinguished by a minimal level of star formation activity. With our new (CO)-C-12(J = 2-1) and (CO)-C-13(J = 2-1) observations of a remote region within the middle of the California molecular cloud, we aim to investigate the relationship between filaments, cores, and a molecular outflow in a relatively pristine environment. An extinction map of the region from Herschel Space Observatory observations reveals the presence of two 2 pc long filaments radiating from a highextinction clump. Using the (CO)-C-13 observations, we show that the filaments have coherent velocity gradients and that their mass-per-unit-lengths may exceed the critical value above which filaments are gravitationally unstable. The region exhibits structure with eight cores, at least one of which is a starless, prestellar core. We identify a low-velocity, low-mass molecular outflow that may be driven by a flat spectrum protostar. The outflow does not appear to be responsible for driving the turbulence in the core with which it is associated, nor does it provide significant support against gravitational collapse.

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30

Viljoen, Karen. "Ruthenium(III) aqua-chloro complex chemistry : the interconversion of the hexachlororuthenate(III) and aquapentachlororuthenate(III) species." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16458.

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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ruthenium, as one of the platinum group metals, was investigated to determine the aquation rate constant of [RuCl6]3- and the anation rate constant of [RuCl5(H2O)]2-. This two reactions represent the equilibrium reaction [RuCl6]3- + H2O ⇄ [RuCl5(H2O)]2- + Cl-. The reactions were followed, using stopped-flow injection and UV/Visible spectroscopy, at different temperatures. The aquation and anation rate constants were determined with good precision and thermodynamic values for the reactions were calculated. The pseudo first order aquation rate constant, k65, was determined by calculation from the regression line as k65 = 52.1 (±3.7) x10-3 s-1 at 25°C. The activation energy, Ea, is 90.1 (±1.2) kJ.mol-1 and the enthalpy and entropy of activation is 87.7 (±1.2) kJ.mol-1 and 24.7 (±4.3) J.K-1.mol-1, respectively. The aquation rate constant was found to be dependent on the hydrochloric acid concentration, decreasing with increasing hydrochloric acid concentration. From the regression line at 25°C the second order anation rate constant, k56, was calculated as 1.62 (±0.11) x10-3 M-1s-1. The activation energy is 88.0 (±1.4) kJ.mol-1, with the enthalpy and entropy of activation 85.6 (±1.4) kJ.mol-1 and –11.2 (±4.7) J.K-1.mol-1, respectively. The influence of the hydrochloric acid concentration of the solution on the anation rate constant was not investigated. The equilibrium constant for the reaction studied was calculated from the rate constants for the aquation and anation reactions. The equilibrium constant, K6, was calculated as 0.0311 M-1 at 25°C. The equilibrium constant, when compared to literature, was found to be dependent on the hydrochloric acid concentration. It was then used, in conjunction with data from the literature, to construct two distribution diagrams. Distribution diagrams for the Ru(III) aquachloro species show between 79.9% to 72.3% [RuCl6]3- present in 12M HCl. The two distribution diagrams were very similar and it is not possible to resolve the issue of a final distribution diagram for the aqua-chloro Ru(III) system without further investigation into the all the other rate constants of the Ru(III) aqua-chloro species. The rate constants and thermodynamic values for the Ru(III) reaction were compared to corresponding data (from literature) for Rh(III) and Ir(III) because several comparisons between these platinum group metals have been noted. It was found that for both the aquation and anation rate constants, the following trend was observed: Ru(III) > Rh(III) > Ir(III). These differences are in certain cases exploited in the refining of these platinum group metals. Crystals of diethylenetriamine hexachlororuthenate(III) was prepared and characterised by x-ray crystallography and CHN analysis. The average Cl-Ru bond length for the crystal was 2.371 Å. The crystal structure was compared to hexaaquaaluminium hexachlororuthenate(III) tetrahydrate and diethylenetriamine hexachlororhodate(III). The metal-chloride bond lengths of all the crystals were found to be similar (2.350 Å – 2.375 Å). The diethylenetriamine crystal structures compared well. The conclusion was that the crystals prepared were diethylenetriamine hexachlororuthenate(III).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ruthenium(III), een van die platinum groep metaal-ione, is in hierdie studie ondersoek om die akwasie tempo konstante van [RuCl6]3- en die anasie tempo konstante van [RuCl5(H2O)]2- te bepaal. Dié twee reaksies verteenwoordig die ewewigsreaksie [RuCl6]3- + H2O ⇄ [RuCl5(H2O)]2- + Cl-. Die verloop van die reaksies is met behulp van UV/Sigbare spektroskopie by verskillende temperature gevolg. Die akwasie en anasie tempo konstantes is bepaal met goeie presisie en die termodinamiese konstantes van die reaksies is bereken. Die pseudo-eerste orde akwasie tempo konstante, k65, is bepaal deur middel van regressie, as 52.1 (±3.7) x10-3 s-1 by 25°C. Die aktiverings energie, Ea, is bereken as 90.1 (±1.2) kJ.mol-1 en die entalpie en entropie van aktivering is onderskeidelik 87.7 (±1.2) kJ.mol-1 en 24.7 (±4.3) J.K-1.mol-1. Daar is gevind dat die akwasie reaksie konstante afhanklik was van die soutsuur konsentrasie: dit neem af soos die soutsuur konsentrasie toeneem. Met behulp van die regressie lyn is die anasie tempo konstante bepaal by 25°C as 1.62 (±0.11) x10-3 M-1s-1. Die aktiveringsenergie is bepaal as 88.0 (±1.4) kJ.mol-1 en die entalpie en entropie van aktivering, onderskeidelik as 85.6 (±1.4) kJ.mol-1 en –11.2 (±4.7) J.K-1.mol-1. Die invloed van die soutsuur konsentrasie op die anasie tempo konstante is nie bepaal nie. Die ewewigskonstante vir die reaksie wat ondersoek is, is bereken met die tempo konstantes vir die akwasie en anasie reaksies. Die ewewigskonstante, K6, is bereken as 0.0311 M-1 by 25°C. Toe die ewewigskonstante vergelyk is met die literatuur waardes, is gevind dat die ewewigskonstante afhanklik is van die soutsuur konsentrasie. Saam met die waardes wat in die literatuur gevind is, is die ewewigskonstante gebruik om twee distribusie diagramme te bereken. Die distribusie diagramme vir die Ru(III) spesies toon onderskeidelik 79.9% en 72.3% [RuCl6]3- in 12M HCl. Die twee distribusie diagramme is baie eenders en dit is nie moontlik om ‘n finale distribusie diagram op te trek totdat die uitstaande tempo konstantes tussen die akwachloro Ru(III) spesies bepaal word nie. Die tempo konstantes en termodinamiese waardes wat bepaal is vir die Ru(III) reaksie is vergelyk met gelyksoortige waardes in die literatuur van Rh(III) en Ir(III) omdat daar ooreenkomste tussen die platinum groep metale opgemerk is. Daar is bevind dat die akwasie én anasie reaksies die volgende patroon volg: Ru(III) > Rh(III) > Ir(III). Die verskille word in sekere gevalle benut in die raffinering van hierdie metale. Kristalle van dietileentriamien heksachlororuthenaat(III) is berei en gekarakteriseer met behulp van CHN analise en x-straal kristallografie. Die gemiddelde Cl-Ru bindingsafstand vir die kristal was 2.371 Å. Die kristalstruktuur is vergelyk met dié van heksaäkwaäluminium hexachlororuthenaat(III) tetrahidraat en diëtileentriamien heksachlororhodaat(III). Die chloried-metaal bindingsafstand vir die kristalle was soortgelyk (2.350 Å – 2.375 Å). Die diëtileentriamien kristalstrukture stem goed ooreen. Die gevolgtrekking was dat die kristalle wat voorberei is wel diëtileentriamien heksachlororuthenaat(III) was.

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31

Molina, Calderón Lorena Paola. "Transferencia de lantano (III), cerio (III), praseodimio (III) y neodimio (III) a través de membranas líquidas emulsificadas utilizando cyanex 272 como agente transportador." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111235.

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Анотація:

Memoria para optar al título de Químico
En esta Memoria de Titulo se estudió la transferencia del lantano (III), cerio (III), praseodimio (III) y neodimio (III), desde una fase acuosa de alimentación hacia una fase acuosa de retroextracción, por medio del transportador órgano fosforado CYANEX 272 contenido en una membrana liquida emulsificada. En primera instancia se estudió el comportamiento ácido base de cuatro extractantes (D2EHPA, PC-88A, CYANEX 272, CYANEX 301) permitiendo conocer sus pKa aparentes y su disponibilidad para reaccionar con los iones Tierras Raras (TR) a ciertos pH. A partir de este conocimiento y las reacciones de extracción propiamente tales fue posible proponer la utilización de una fase acuosa de alimentación tamponada con el ácido 3-cloropropiónico a pH 4. A través de los experimentos de extracción por solvente de cada uno de los iones TR con los cuatro extractantes en estudio, se determinó que el extractante más adecuado para el proceso fue el CYANEX 272, debido a su alta capacidad de extracción y mayor selectividad con los cuatro iones TR. Si bien en un principio todos los experimentos se realizaron con alimentaciones monometálicas, después fue preciso probar el grado de competencia que se generaría al realizar la extracción de los iones lantánidos desde una alimentación polimetálica. Los resultados fueron coincidentes con los experimentos de extracción individuales de los iones TR, en donde el lantano es el ión que menos se extrajo en comparación con los otro tres. Por otro lado, los experimentos de retroextracción revelaron que ion cerio presentaba el menor grado de transferencia hacia la fase acuosa interna. Todos estos conocimientos generados revelaron que la dupla Nd-Pr era difícil de separar con las condiciones ya establecidas. Por esta razón se agregó EDTA como agente quelante a una alimentación que contenía estos dos iones en iguales concentraciones (2mM), lográndose un coeficiente de selectividad máximo (SPr/Nd) de 1,7. Los experimentos de extracción por solvente (SX) generaron el conocimiento base para los experimentos de transporte de los cuatro iones lantánidos con CYANEX 272 a través de las Membranas Líquidas Emulsificadas (MLE). Previo al inicio de los experimentos de transferencia fue necesario lograr una doble emulsión de estabilidad adecuada en función de las concentraciones variables de sus componentes: transportador CYANEX 272, tensoactivo SPAN 80, Ln+3 (lantánidos) total y HCl en la fase acuosa de retroextracción. A partir del estudio de estabilidad, se observó que la concentración del tensoactivo SPAN 80 presentó el efecto más crítico, donde una cantidad insuficiente produjo pérdida de la fase acuosa interna, disminuyendo el rendimiento de extracción. Por otro lado, una cantidad excesiva de SPAN 80 provocó el hinchamiento de la emulsión primaria. Como consecuencia de esto la fase acuosa interna que contiene al ion de interés se diluye o pierde pureza. En términos generales, para conservar el volumen de 75 mL de emulsión primaria, formada por 25 mL de fase acuosa interna más 50 mL de fase orgánica, es necesario utilizar alrededor de 1,2% p/v de SPAN 80, cuando la concentración en la alimentación de cada uno de los ETR es 0,5 mM. Para concentraciones mayores se necesita aproximadamente entre 2-2,1% p/v de tensoactivo. Con los experimentos preliminares de transferencia de los iones TR en estudio, se pudo determinar que los elementos lantano, cerio, praseodimio y neodimio fueron extraídos eficientemente en el orden del 90% desde la alimentación, mientras que fueron transportados a través de la membrana hacia la fase acuosa interna en un rango entre 40-60%. Posteriormente, un estudio cinético de la extracción de cada uno de los ETR, permitió observar que durante los primeros 5 min los iones cerio, praseodimio y neodimio experimentaron un rápido decaimiento en su concentración en la fase acuosa externa, mientras que para el ion lantano se requirió al menos de 10 min. Finalmente, para lograr un enriquecimiento de cada uno de los iones metálicos mediante MLE desde una solución polimetálica, se realizaron dos diseños experimentales, uno de tipo screening y otro de optimización. Los resultados del primer diseño indicaron que el factor tiempo fue el único que presentó un efecto significativo sobre los porcentajes de extracción y transferencia de los ETR a través de la doble emulsión. En el segundo diseño los resultados indicaron que la presencia de EDTA en la fase acuosa externa tuvo un efecto negativo sobre el grado de transferencia de los iones TR hacia la fase orgánica.
In this work the transference of lanthanum (III), cerium (III), praseodymium (III) and neodymium (III) were studied, from a feed aqueous phase toward a backextraction aqueous phase by means of the organophosphorous CYANEX 272 carrier contained into an emulsified liquid membrane. In the first instance the acid-base behavior of the four extractants (D2EHPA, PC-88A, CYANEX 272 and CYANEX 301) were studied allowing to know their apparent pKa and through it the availability to react with the rare earth ions (RE) at certain pH. From this knowledge and the actual such extraction reactions it was possible to propose the use of a buffered feed aqueous phase with 3-cloropropionic acid at pH 4. Through the solvent extraction experiments for each one of the RE with the considered four extractants, it was determined that the most appropriated extractant for the process was CYANEX 272, owing to its high extraction capacity and better selectivity for the four RE ions. Although at first all experiments were performed with monometallic feeds, afterward it was necessary to test the degree of competition that would be generated to perform the extraction of lanthanide ions from a polymetallic feed solution. The results were consistent with the individual extraction experiments of the RE ions, wherein lanthanum is the lesser extracted ion compared with the other three ones. On the other hand, the backextraction experiments showed that the cerium ion had the lowest degree of transference toward the internal aqueous phase. All this generated knowledge revealed that the pair Nd-Pr was difficult to separate at the established conditions. For this reason, EDTA as a chelating agent was added to the feed solution that contained these two ions at identical concentrations (2 mM), achieving a maximum selectivity coefficient (SPr/Nd) of 1.7. The solvent extraction (SX) experiments generated the base knowledge for the transport experiments of the four lanthanide ions with CYANEX 272 through Emulsified Liquid Membranes (ELM). Before starting the transfer experiments it was necessary to achieve a satisfactory stability of the double emulsion as a function of the variation of the component concentrations: carrier CYANEX 272, surfactant SPAN 80, total Ln3+ (lanthanides) and HCl in the backextraction aqueous phase. From this stability study it was observed that the concentration of SPAN 80 surfactant showed the most significant effect, where an insufficient amount caused the loss of the internal aqueous phase, decreasing the efficiency of extraction. On the other side, an excessive amount of SPAN 80 caused a swelling degree of the primary emulsion. As a consequence the internal aqueous phase that contains the ion of interest is diluted or lost its purity. In general terms, for keeping the volume of 75 mL of the primary emulsion, consisting of 25 mL of internal aqueous solution plus 50 mL of the organic solution, it is necessary to use about 1.2% w/v of the SPAN 80, when the concentration of each the REE in the feeding is 0.5 mM. For higher concentrations of the total REE about 2 to 2.1% w/v of surfactant are needed, approximately. From the preliminary experiments related with the transfer study of the RE ions, it was determined that the lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium elements are removed efficiently in the order of 90% from the feed solution, while they were transported across the membrane toward the internal aqueous phase in the range of 40-60%. Afterward, a kinetic study of the extraction of each one of the REE, allowed to note that during the first 5 min of the carrying out tests the cerium, praseodymium and neodymium ions experimented a fast decline in the concentration in the external aqueous phase, whereas for the ion lanthanum at least 10 min was required. Finally, to achieve an enrichment of each one of the metal ions from a polymetallic solution by means MLE, two experimental designs were conducted, a screening one and another one related with the optimization type. The results of the first design indicated that the time factor was the unique significant effect on the extraction and transfer rates of the REE through the double emulsion. In the second design the results indicated that the presence of EDTA in the external aqueous phase has a negative effect on the transfer degree of the RE ions towards the organic phase.
Fondecyt

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32

Diniz, Ricardo. "Modelo de bósons interagentes e sua relação com o BCS." Universidade de São Paulo, 1990. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43131/tde-30042014-152410/.

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Através de um hamiltoniano efetivo baseado no tratamento de NAMBU POT.90 para o BCS, no qual incluímos além do emparelhamento monopolar o emparelhamento quadrupolar, discutimos a relação entre esse modelo e o modelo de bósons interagentes. Uma aplicação e feita a cadeia o (6) do IBM, que corresponde ao limite GAMA-instável do modelo de bohr. As dificuldades encontradas e uma possível generalização para o modelo são discutidas.
The nambu mechanism for BCS theory is extended with inclusion of quadrupole pairing in adition to the usual monopole pairing. An effective Hamiltonian is constructed and its relation to the IBM is discussed. We discussed the faced difficulties and a possible generalization of the model.

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33

Gouge, Dawn H., Tim Stock, Shaku Nair, Shujuan (Lucy) Li, Sam Bryks, Janet Hurley, and Al Fournier. "Preparing Your School Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Plan." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558489.

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12 pp.
This document is intended to help you develop an implementable IPM Plan for your school or school district. We have provided a modifiable template which can be downloaded at: http://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/westernschoolIPM.html#pubs.

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34

Затовський, Ігор Вікторович. "Синтез та дослідження подвійних фосфатів титану (III) та ванадію (III)". Дис. канд. хім. наук, КУ ім. Тараса Шевченка, 2000.

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35

Carver, Aaron Dalnamath. "Selective Oxidations by Iron(III) Porphyrins and Iron(III) Corroles." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1395.

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The selective oxidation of organic compounds represents a leading technology for chemical industries. They are used in chemical synthesis in the pharmaceutical and petrochemicals industries, and possible the decontamination of harmful substances. However, oxidations reaction are among the most challenging processes to control. Many stoichiometric oxidants with heavy metals are expensive, or toxic maybe both, and therefore unfeasible to be utilized. The ideal processes for catalytic oxidation would use molecular oxygen or hydrogen peroxide as the primary oxygen source, with transition metal catalysts to mimic the predominant oxidation catalysts in Nature, the cytochrome P450 enzymes. This study focuses on the synthesis of porphyrin and corrole macrocyclic ligands and the corresponding iron(III) complexes which are fully characterized by UV-vis, GC/MS, and NMR spectroscopies. In this work, the potential of catalytic oxidation reactions towards organic sulfides by these metal complexes were studied. The iron(III) porphyrin and iron(III) corrole catalysts have shown excellent activity and selectivity for sulfoxidation reactions. Various reaction conditions and environmental effects were investigated including solvent, axial ligands, water, amounts of oxygen source, and substrate scope. The optimal conditions were determined for iron(III) porphyrin/ corrole-catalyzed sulfoxidations with PhI(OAc)2 as the mild oxygen source. Competitive catalytic oxidation of substituted thioanisoles versus thioanisole by iron(III) corrole with PhI(OAc)2 were studied. The spectral studies of iron(III) corrole with PhI(OAc)2 in the presence of organic sulfide showed that a well-known diiron(IV)-μ-oxo biscorrole was formed with a second-order rate constant of k2= (3.5 ± 0.3)×103 M-1·s-1. A catalytic cycle was proposed on the basis of the mechanistic study, suggesting a highly reactive iron(V)-oxo corrole as the active oxidizing intermediate.

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36

Less, Adam David. "Cultural Biases in the Weschler Memory Scale iii (WMS-iii)." UNF Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/591.

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The Wechsler Memory Scale –iii is the newest version of a six-decade old neuropsychological inventory. Since its conception, the Wechsler Memory Scale has been highly utilized by practitioners to accurately assess various memory functions in adult subjects. Revisions made within this inventory include the Faces I subtest, a facial recognition scale, which was added in order to strengthen the instrument’s accuracy at measuring episodic memory. Facial recognition, both cross-race and within-race, has been researched extensively and consistent biases have been found between race of test taker and cross-racial identification. Theories of exposure/contextual interaction (environment) and biological foundations have been the subject of study in the past in order to determine from where these racial identification deficits stem. The current study focuses on revealing bias in the Faces I subtest, regarding to an unequal distribution of racially representative faces in the testing materials. Eighty-eight college students were recruited to view forty-eight pictured faces from the Faces I subtest and determine the racial category to which the pictured face belonged. The subjects’ categorical responses were the basis for calculating a percent agreement score for racial category of each face. It was determined, using the results of subjects’ responses, that the Faces I subtest contained an unequal distribution of racially representative faces in both the Target and Interference testing material. This confirmed the presence of an inherent bias within the subscale. The implications of memory accuracy for the WMS-iii are discussed as it relates to different fields of study, but none more directly than the criminal justice system. Eyewitness testimony is a pivotal evidentiary tool in the criminal justice system, and ramifications of cross-racial identification deficits and biases in the tools to accurately assess memory are increasingly bringing this once heavily relied upon tool into question.

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37

Sorin, Antoine. "Séparation actinides(III)-lanthanides(III) par nanofiltration assistée par complexation." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10001.

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Ces travaux de thèse ont pour objectif la séparation actinides (III) / lanthanides (III) par un procédé de nanofiltration assistée par complexation. Ainsi, un pilote de filtration membranaire tangentielle a été conçu et implanté dans une boîte à gants d'un laboratoire de l'installation ATALANTE du CEA-Marcoule. Une caractérisation physico-chimique de la membrane Desal GH (OSMONICS), retenue pour réaliser la séparation An(III)/Ln(III), a été effectuée pour déterminer notamment le potentiel zêta de la couche active et sa tenue aux rayonnements ionisants. En outre, une étude paramétrique a également été réalisée pour optimiser la sélectivité de complexation, et les conditions opératoires de rétention des complexes. Enfin, la séparation de traces d'Am(III) contenues dans un mélange de Ln(III), simulant la charge réelle issue d'un cycle de retraitement, a été évaluée avec plusieurs complexants de type acide polyaminocarboxylique en fonction de pH de la solution et de la quantité de ligand

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38

Sorin, Antoire. "Séparation actinides (III) lanthanides (III) par nanofiltration assistée par complexation /." [Gif-sur-Yvette] : [CEA Saclay, Direction des systèmes d'information], 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb402306421.

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39

Keceli, Ezgi. "Ruthenium(iii) Acetylacetonate." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607230/index.pdf.

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Ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate was employed for the first time as homogeneous catalyst in the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride. Ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate was not reduced by sodium borohydride under the experimental conditions and remains unchanged after the catalysis, as shown by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic characterization. Poisoning experiments with mercury, carbon disulfide or trimethylphosphite provide compelling evidence that ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate is indeed a homogenous catalyst in the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride. Kinetics of the ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate catalyzed hydrolysis of sodium borohydride was studied depending on the catalyst concentration, substrate concentration and temperature. The hydrogen generation was found to be first order with respect to both the substrate concentration and catalyst concentration. The activation parameters of this reaction were also determined from the evaluation of the kinetic data: activation energy
Ea = 25.6 &
#61617
&
#61472
1.3 kJ.mol-1, the enthalpy of activation
&
#8710
H# = 24.6 ±
1.2 kJ.mol-1 and the entropy of activation &
#8710
S# = -170 ±
5 J&
#61655
mol-1&
#61655
K-1. Ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate provides the lowest activation energy ever found for the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride. Ruthenium(III) acetylacetonate was found to be highly active catalyst providing 1183 total turnovers in the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride over 180 min before they are deactivated. The recorded turnover frequency (TOF) is 6.55 min-1.

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40

YASUDA, Takami, Shigeki YOKOI, 孝美安田 та 茂樹横井. "コンピュータグラフィックス（III・完）". 社団法人電子情報通信学会, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14953.

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41

Oakley, Thomas J. "S.cerevisiae Topoisomerase III." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393998.

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42

Scearce, Jane. "lol i'm fine." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/600.

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Анотація:

This media studies thesis is a series of digitally-made composites/collages visually inspired by popular text posts from Tumblr. The text posts -- and the images inspired by them -- reflect the ironic and sarcastic humor teens and 20-somethings use to cope with mental health issues.

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43

Hagelbäck, Sophia, and Aysel Ay. "Europa Universalis III." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33122.

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Denna studie behandlar det historiska datorspelet Europa Universalis III utifrån en bildanalys. Vår avsikt med arbetet var att undersöka genuskonstruktioner samt se vilken typ av historiebruk som kommer till uttryck genom den västerländska historiekulturen i spelet. I vår bildanalys har vi använt oss av Eva Blomberg och Knut Kjeldstadli. Det vi har kommit fram till är att Europa Universalis III till största del använder sig av historiska markörer och igenkänningsprincipen samt att spelet är ett uttryck för det kommersiella historiebruket. Vidare har vi funnit att datorspelsskaparna genom det kommersiella historiebruket dragit nytta av den västerländska historiekulturen för att göra ekonomiska vinster och locka spelare. Spelet har även en stark postkolonial syn.Europa Universalis III befäster stereotyper. De män som framställs har typiska manliga roller och den vita mannen hamnar högst upp i hierarkin. Kvinnan synliggörs endast en gång i spelet och då i form av drottning Elisabeth I. Vi tror, eftersom kvinnan inte finns representerad på fler ställen i spelet, att detta grundar sig i att hennes plats ansågs vara i hemmet och inte i det offentliga rummet förr. Dessutom så tror vi att Europa Universalis III: s målgrupp riktar sig till manliga spelare, som bär på en västerländsk historiekultur.

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44

McShaffrey, Brandon. "DIRECTING RICHARD III." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/188107.

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Анотація:

Theater
M.F.A.
Richard III is regarded as one of Shakespeare's longest and most complex plays, with a complicated plot, and a character that is a Machiavellian villain. After a workshop of Act I as an MFA Directing Project, I was granted by Temple University to stage a full production of Richard III as my thesis. Approaching the play proved difficult for me due to my lack of experience with Shakespearean text. However, by analyzing Shakespeare's text, and approaching the adaptation with the goal to make the story as clear as possible, I desired to create a production that embodied the idea of "now." The designed team and I created a world that was a-historic pulling from classic and modern forms that provided the necessary landscape for the play to occur. Through a series of seven chapters I explain my process from conception to production. I also evaluate my growth as a director during this artistic achievement. A Director's Script, Actor's Lexicon, Program Note, Design Renderings and Production Photos support my journey to opening night of Richard III.
Temple University--Theses

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45

Thauern, Henrike. "Phosphate des ein- und zweiwertigen Indiums und Einbau von Chrom(III) und Mangan(III) in Indium(III)-phosphate." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98246486X.

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46

Burtet, Leonardo Moreira. "Manejo de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) com uso de milho Bt e inseticidas." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2017. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11595.

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The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is considered the main insect-pest of corn in Brazil. Its control, in recent years, is mainly accomplished through the use of Bt plants and spray insecticides. Aiming to evaluate the efficiency of Bt proteins expressed by maize commercially available, as well as their interaction with the use of insecticides for the control of S. frugiperda to subsidize IPM and IRM programs in Bt maize, experiments were carried under field condition during two crop seasons in the 2015-16. Eight technologies of Bt maize and one non-Bt hybrid were evaluated, as well as seven insecticide application programs. Damage assessments were performed every five days, counting the number of damaged plants and assigning a score according to the Davis Scale (1992). For the application of the insecticides, a control level was established in which the spraying was carried out whenever 10% of the plants showed a damage score > 3. In the 1st season 2015/16, Agrisure TL (Cry1Ab), Herculex (Cry1F) and Optimum Intrasect (Cry1Ab/ Cry1F) and non-Bt maize required 1 to 3 sprays of insecticides to complement the control of S. frugiperda. In this season, all tested insecticides were efficient in control. In the case of YieldGard VT PRO (Cry1A.105 / Cry2Ab2), YieldGard VT PRO 3 (Cry1A.105 / Cry2Ab2 / Cry3Bb1), PowerCore (Cry1A.105 / Cry2Ab2 / Cry1F), Agrisure Viptera (Vip3Aa20) and Agrisure Viptera 3 (Vip3Aa20 / Cry1Ab) the use of insecticides was not necessary. In the second crop year 2015/16, with the exception of Agrisure Viptera and Agrisure Viptera 3, all other hybrids of Bt and non-Bt maize required 1 to 4 sprays of insecticides. The results obtained in the present work demonstrate that some Bt maize technologies (expressing genes that encode Cry1 proteins) present low control efficiency, thus making insecticides indispensable to complement the control of S. frugiperda. In contrast, the Vip3Aa20 protein shows high toxicity to S. frugiperda, showing insignificant damage to the culture. Among the insecticides tested in the work, spinetoram (12 g of a.i./ha), in general presented the highest control efficiency for fall armyworm.
A lagarta-do-cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), é considerada o principal inseto-praga da cultura do milho no Brasil. Seu controle, nos últimos anos, é realizado principalmente por meio do uso de plantas Bt e pulverização de inseticidas. Visando avaliar a eficiência das proteínas Bt expressas pelos milhos disponíveis no mercado, bem como sua interação com o uso de inseticidas para o controle de S. frugiperda para subsidiar programas de MIP e MRI em milho Bt, foram realizados experimentos, em condição de campo, durante duas épocas de cultivo na safra 2015-16. Foram avaliadas oito tecnologias de milho Bt e um híbrido não-Bt, bem com sete programas de aplicação de inseticidas. A cada cinco dias, foram realizadas avaliações de dano, contabilizando o número de plantas danificadas e atribuindo uma nota de acordo com a Escala de Davis (1992). Para a aplicação dos inseticidas, foi estabelecido um nível de controle em que era realizada a pulverização sempre que 10% das plantas apresentassem nota de dano >3. Na 1a safra 2015/16, Agrisure TL (Cry1Ab), Herculex (Cry1F) e Optimum Intrasect (Cry1Ab/Cry1F) e milho não-Bt necessitaram de 1 a 3 pulverizações de inseticidas para complementar o controle de S. frugiperda. Nesta safra, todos os inseticidas testados foram eficientes no controle. Já em milho YieldGard VT PRO (Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2), YieldGard VT PRO 3 (Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2/Cry3Bb1), PowerCore (Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2/ Cry1F), Agrisure Viptera (Vip3Aa20) e Agrisure Viptera 3 (Vip3Aa20/Cry1Ab) não foi necessário o uso de inseticidas. Na 2a safra 2015/16, com exceção de Agrisure Viptera e Agrisure Viptera 3, todos as demais híbridos de milho Bt e não-Bt necessitaram de 1 a 4 pulverizações de inseticidas. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho demonstram que algumas tecnologias de milho Bt (expressando genes que codificam proteínas Cry1) apresentam baixa eficiência de controle, tornando-se assim indispensável o uso de inseticidas para complementar o controle de S. frugiperda. Em contraste, a proteína Vip3Aa20 apresenta alta toxicidade para S. frugiperda, apresentando danos insignificantes à cultura. Dentre os inseticidas testados no trabalho, spinetoram (12 g de i.a./ha), de modo geral apresentou a maior eficiência de controle para lagarta-do-cartucho.

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47

Wagner, Christoph [Verfasser], and Petra [Akademischer Betreuer] Panak. "Komplexierung von trivalenten Actiniden und Lanthaniden mit hydrophilen N-Donorliganden zur Am(III)/Cm(III)- bzw. An(III)/Ln(III)-Trennung / Christoph Wagner ; Betreuer: Petra Panak." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1178008878/34.

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48

Thomassin-Naggara, Isabelle. "Etude des tumeurs annexielles du pelvis féminin en IRM fonctionnelle : mise au point des techniques et applications cliniques." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112116.

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La caractérisation préopératoire des tumeurs annexielles est déterminante pour la prise en charge chirurgicale. L’IRM fonctionnelle dynamique avec injection (DCE-MRI) permet une optimisation de la caractérisation des tissus. Les tumeurs annexielles se distinguent selon leur courbe dynamique de rehaussement qui reflètent l’immaturité de la paroi vasculaire et l’expression du VEGFR-2 sur les cellules endothéliales. En vue d’une analyse quantitative du rehaussement, il est souhaitable de réaliser une séquence turbo-FLASH avec des angles élevés pour obtenir une dynamique de rehaussement optimale associée à une quasi linéarité de la relation entre le signal et la concentration de gadolinium. L’initialisation par un modèle de Kéty étendu stabilise la modélisation compartimentale à 4 paramètres qui permet la description la plus complète des échanges entre les compartiments vasculaire et interstitiel. L’optimisation de l ’acquisition et du post traitement des datas ont permis la réalisation d ’une analyse quantitative de la prise de contraste, analyse reproductible et pertinente pour comprendre les phénomènes physiopathologiques au sein des tissus. Dans le domaine des tumeurs annexielles, la perfusion tissulaire et la fraction volumique sanguine sont plus élevées dans les tumeurs malignes que dans les tumeurs bénignes. Enfin, l ’analyse quqntitative du rehaussement a permis la mise en évidence de données pertinentes sur la perfusion du myométre et tout particulièrement du myomètre interne qui pourrait avoir une rôle majeur dans l ’avenir dans le cadre des programmes de procréation médicalement assistée
The preoperative characterization of adnexal tumors is crucial for surgical care. Dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) allows an optimization of the tissue characterization. Adnexal tumors differ according to their dynamic curve enhancement, which reflect the immaturity of the vascular wall and the expression of VEGFR-2 on endothelial cells. For a quantitative analysis of enhancement, a turbo-FLASH sequence with high angles is better to get both optimal dynamic enhancement range and an almost linear relationship between the signal and the concentration of gadolinium. Initialization by a extended Kéty model stabilizes our two-compartmental model which allows the best description of exchanges between the capillary and the interstitial spaces. Using quantitative DCE MRI, malignant adnexal tumors display higher tissue perfusion and blood volume fraction than benign tumors. Finally, quantitative DCE-MRI is a suitable, non-invasive tool to assess physiological microvascular states and variations in normal myometrium, and could potentially be used to assess the role of the inner myometrium in assisted reproductive therapy

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Mandaliev, Peter Nikolov. "Mechanisms of Nd(III) and Eu(III) uptake by cementitious materials /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18095.

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50

Liljeholm, Maria. "Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia type III (CDA III) : diagnostics, genetics and morbidity." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för strålningsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-117454.

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The Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemias (CDA) are rare hereditary hemolytic disorders with large bi- to multi-nucleated erythroblasts in the bone marrow. Hemolysis is negative in a direct antiglobulin test (DAT). Based on morphology and clinical picture, three major forms of CDAs, type I, II, and III have been defined. CDA III, dominantly inherited, constitutes the rarest type with a majority of cases belonging to a family in Västerbotten, Sweden. The genetic background of CDA I and CDA II has been linked to mutations in CDAN1 and SEC23B respectively. The mutation of CDA III has been linked to 15q22 in earlier studies. In this project we have defined the causative genetic lesion in two families with CDA III. The novel mutation KIF23 c.2747C>G (p.P916R) was shown to segregate with CDA III in the Swedish and American CDA III families and was absent in 356 healthy controls. KIF23 encodes mitotic kinesin-like protein 1 (MKLP1), which plays a central role in the last step of cytokinesis. RNAi-based knock-down and rescue experiments demonstrated that the p.P916R mutation causes cytokinesis failure in HeLa cells, resulting in increasing number of bi-nuclear cells, consistent with appearance of large multinucleated erythroblasts in CDA III patients. We conclude that CDA III is caused by a mutation in KIF23, encoding MKLP1, a conserved mitotic kinesin crucial for cytokinesis. Flow cytometry with eosin-5´-maleimide (EMA), anti-CD55 and anti-CD59 is commonly used when investigating non-autoimmune hemolytic anemias. Reduced fluorescence of EMA, typically detected in hereditary spherocytosis, is also seen in CDA II, while reduction of CD55 and CD59 characterizes paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). We studied the flow cytometric profile of EMA, CD55, and CD59 on erythrocytes in CDA III. We found no abnormality of the erythrocyte membrane in CDA III and concluded that standard flow cytometry cannot be used to discriminate between CDA III and normal controls. In CDA I and CDA II a majority of patients, including those who are not transfusion dependent, suffer from iron overload, which, according to earlier studies, is not the case in CDA III. We found that individuals of the Västerbotten CDA III family carry mutations in the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene. Three CDA III patients with heterozygous or compound HFE mutations need treatment with phlebotomy due to iron overload. One of them carries heterozygous H63D mutation, which is not reported to lead to iron overload by itself in otherwise healthy individuals. We propose that molecular genetic testing of the HFE gene is indicated in all patients with CDA, including CDA III.

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