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1
Koskinen, Kaj Untamo. "Identity change in organizations: a philosophical exposition." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 23, no. 4 (October 12, 2015): 621–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-03-2012-0564.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – This paper aims to describe how organization’s identity changes in the course of time. Focus is on project-based companies. Design/methodology/approach – The paper first highlights the concept of process thinking. Then follow descriptions of notions of identity and identity change as change processes. After that, three different identity change processes – negotiation of meaning, lauguaging and interaction – are illustrated. And after that follows the main content of the paper, namely, descriptions of identity changes in organizations. These descriptions focus on two approaches: “Unintentional identity change” and “Intentional identity change”. Findings – Identity provides organizations with powerful understanding of theories of who they are. These understandings guide subsequent resource allocation decisions. Identity change in an organization can be categorized into unintentional and intentional identity changes. Unintentional identity changes takes place through the previously mentioned three processes. Instead, intentional identity change takes place through strategy planning. Practical implications – Finding a viable view through which organizations can understand how their identities chance in the course of time is a very important issue. Therefore, in this paper, the authors have sought to offer a brief illustration of this area. Originality/value – In the literature, rather, a lot of attention has been focused on how identities are constructed, and what is their role, for example, in the companies’ strategic management and marketing. However, less attention has been paid to how identities are involved in organizations’ change processes. That is why the goal of this paper is to address that lack by studying identity change in organizations.
2
Purwosaputro, Supriyono, Mohammad Mukhtasar Syamsuddin, and Septiana Dwiputri Maharani. "The concept of man according to Driyarkara in the development of Indonesian human identity." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10 (September 28, 2020): e3279108669. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8669.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to find the human concept according to Driyarkara's metaphysical anthropological thinking, and to find its relationship with the development of Indonesian human identity. This research was a literature study in the field of philosophy which puts Driyakara’s works in the field of human philosophy as a material object and human philosophical works from other philosophers as a formal object. The research object used philosophical hermeneutic by implementing method steps, such as: analysis, verstehen, interpretation, description, heuristic, holistic. The results show: first, Driyarkara rests on the dynamics of human existential experience in its depth by using the phenomeno-logical method from loop to funcamental as the idea of man, namely the Pancasila man. Second, humans as an open-dynamic person develop life together by cooperating as a form of familial democracy to enhance each other's fellow human beings, because that's why humans are “becoming” not “being”. Third, Driyarakara’s human concepth an existential situation in a harmonious unity (harmony unity). Fourth, criticism of Driyarkara's fundamental human concept, and produce the identities of the human persona subject in the network of human existence. Fifth, Driyarkara's human concept remains actual and has theoretical and practical relevance for the development of Indonesian human identity. The Driyarkara’s human concept is worthy of being introduced in culture through education directed at the humanitarian process by developing cognitive, religious,and aesthetic talents so that humans are more autonomous and dignified, to be actual in real life practice.
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Glendinning, Simon. "#Philosophy #Europe Rodolphe Gasché, Europe, or the infinite task: A Study of a Philosophical Concept (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2009), xii + 412." Oxford Literary Review 35, no. 1 (July 2013): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/olr.2013.0059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When philosophers have turned their attention to Europe they have typically done so in order to interrupt geographical and geo-political determinations of its identity, and to stress instead that its cultural - or spiritual - identity is caught up with the Greek idea of philosophy. Europe, on this classical philosophical construal, is not simply the place where philosophy was first elaborated and developed. On the contrary, Europe first arises as a place only in and through the elaboration and development of philosophy. Europe is thus itself a philosophical phenomenon - its identity inseparable from the idea of a project that concerns ‘rational animality’ as such, and hence humanity as a whole. In his book on philosophical approaches to Europe from Husserl to Derrida, Rodophe Gasché introduces and defends the classical idea of Europe's Greek origin. Finding a somewhat different stress in Derrida's own study of Europe as a philosophical concept, this review attempts to open up a conception of Europe as a ‘philosopheme’ which resists conceptual clarification in the terms Gasché recommends, enjoining one instead to a task that is always beyond theoretical lucidity: to ‘stick one's neck out’ in the name of Europe.
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Piętniewicz, Michał. "WIESŁAW MYŚLIWSKI AS A PHILOSOPHER. LITERATURE CONSENSATIONS." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 36 (2020): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2020.36.65-83.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The author of the article presents Wiesław Myśliwski’s silhouette as a philosopher who, without using professional philosophical concepts and without using professional philosophical language, brings closer in his novels and dramas the basic philosophical categories such as life, death, meaning, the mystery of being, the mystery of identity. The article focuses on the most important opinions of the author of articles and monographs that explore this problem in a creative and insightful way. The aim of the article is to examine the philosophical contexts in which Wiesław Myśliwski’s writing is inscribed. The main conclusion of the article is that, although it is almost impossible to say that Myśliwski is a philosopher, one can get closer to this truth by examining carefully the language of the novels and dramas by th
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Kim, Dae Joong. "Negativity and Difference: Adorno and Deleuze’s Philosophical Perspectives in the Kafkaesque World." Criticism and Theory Society of Korea 28, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.2.31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This essay aims to comparatively discuss the differences and similarities between the ideas on difference and identity put forth by two prominent Western thinkers of contemporary theories: Gilles Deleuze, a French philosopher, and Theodore Adorno, a German philosopher. Rather than a purely philosophical comparative study, this research focuses specifically on the comparison of both thinkers’ discussions of Kafka’s works. Adorno has been regarded as the philosopher of negativity, while Deleuze is seen as the philosopher of positivity and life. Although both philosophers perceive the world differently, they both strive to deconstruct Western ideas of identity in order to revive the concept of ‘difference.’ Identity and difference have been topics of extensive philosophical discussion and hold relevance in contemporary areas such as community, politics, and ethics. The essay begins by presenting the thoughts of Hegel and Heidegger on difference and identity, before delving into Adorno’s deconstruction of these ideas and his exploration of negativity as a means to disrupt identity. In comparison to Adorno, Deleuze develops the notion of difference itself as a pathway to the realm of becoming. The latter half of the essay compares both thinkers’ discussions of Kafka’s world: Adorno’s analysis of the Kafkaesque in light of non-identity, and Deleuze’s examination of minor literature and the concept of the line of flight.
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Kuzmenko, Grigory N., and Olga A. Evreeva. "The problem of the philosophical content of the concept of "Economic activity" in the educational and reference literature." Perspectives of Science and Education 53, no. 5 (November 1, 2021): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2021.5.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The structure of the concept of "economic activity", in addition to the specific content related to empirical reality, includes philosophical content related to the scientific picture of the world. Hence the problem arises: in the process of the historical development of economic science, the semantic inertia of past ideas about the world and man, manifested in language constructions, remains in the concept of "economic activity". These changes should be taken into account in the educational process, since the concept of "economic activity" is one of the didactic units. Materials and methods. The research material is reference and educational literature, as well as economic classics (works of Aristotle, etc.). The article uses methods of philosophical analysis, primarily systematic and comparative. The systematic method allows us to identify the determinants of the philosophical content of the concept of "economic activity" associated with the scientific picture of the world. The comparative method allows us to assess the change in the philosophical content of the concept in the course of its historical development, to consider the commensurability of new and traditional meanings. The results of the study. The solution of the problem of the philosophical content of the concept of "economic activity" requires the elimination of the ideological heritage of past epochs, in particular, the ancient one (naturally, taking into account the historical value of this heritage). It is important to modernize the philosophical content of the concept of "economic activity" within the framework of the modern scientific picture of the world. In the latter, the understanding of economic activity is correct as not one of the types, but as one of the aspects of human activity, evaluating this activity from the point of view of value. Discussion and conclusion. The implementation of these theoretical and methodological procedures is expedient. The change of scientific pictures of the world, which occurs in the course of the development of science, leads to significant changes in the philosophical content of the conceptual apparatus of economic science. If these changes are not taken into account in the educational and reference literature, this negatively affects the quality of the economist's training.
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Simonigar, Jhimshy, and Fitzerald Kennedy Sitorus. "Martin Heidegger dalam Seni Membuat Caption Social Media Marketing." JKOMDIS : Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Media Sosial 3, no. 3 (December 9, 2023): 785–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47233/jkomdis.v3i3.1300.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article delves into the philosophical concepts of Martin Heidegger, particularly Dasein, and its implications on understanding and interpreting language, truth, and identity in the context of creating captions on the Instagram social media platform. Through in-depth literature review, textual analysis, and a perspective analysis approach, the research demonstrates that Dasein, in the realm of social media, is involved in facticity (thrownness), understanding, and falling prey. In digital marketing, the concept of Dasein provides a foundation for understanding the audience, designing campaigns that reflect online existence, and constructing authentic digital identities. Captions serve not only as descriptions but also encapsulate subjective experiences of visual content, building atmosphere, and supporting social media marketing. By adopting Heidegger's concepts, this research provides profound insights into how language serves as an essential mirror of human identity in the context of social media, particularly Instagram.
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González-Esteban, Elsa, and Patrici Calvo. "«Homo reciprocans» from the neuroscientific literature." Pensamiento. Revista de Investigación e Información Filosófica 77, Extra 295 (November 30, 2021): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14422/pen.v77.i295.y2021.007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present work has a twofold objective: firstly, to critically trace the concept of reciprocity used in neuroscientific studies, particularly from the domain of neuroeconomics; and secondly, to specify the normative frame from which human reciprocity can be defined, from which philosophical neuroethics can develop, and to identify plausible ways to promote it through brain stimulation in order to impact the epigenetic footprint by reinforcing cordial reciprocity.
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Agus Mahendra, I. Made. "Pola Tata Ruang Bali Sebagai Identitas Kawasan Perkotaan." Jurnal Ilmiah Vastuwidya 2, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47532/jiv.v2i2.84.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Balinese layout has its own uniqueness and pattern. This can be seen from the traditional Balinese spatial patterns which are closely related to the customs and noble values of Balinese culture, namely things that are considered good and valuable in the continuation of community and cultural life including various abstract elements consisting of philosophical elements, values , Concepts, Norms and Rules. The existence of an urban area is inseparable from its identity, the identity of an area is the uniqueness of conditions, characteristics and the creation of images in someone's mind that has never been understood before, this is the concept of identity that distinguishes them from other cities. identity in each region is needed even as the main requirement for the concept of development and identity of a city area. This study uses a qualitative method by applying descriptive approaches, hermeneutics and literature studies. This study aims to see what spatial patterns in Bali can be the identity of urban areas. From the understanding of this study, the benefits and results obtained at the conceptual level of explanation of Balinese spatial patterns can be used as markers of city identity in terms of meaning and enthusiasm. going forward, the results of this study are expected to be an input in determining the identity patterns of urban area development
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Aitov, S. S. "Comprehension of Human Existence by Philosophical Anthropology in the Theoretical Space of Modern Historical-Anthropological Concepts." Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, no. 22 (December 28, 2022): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i22.271357.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. The paper seeks to prove the thesis of the significance and importance of the theories and methodological approaches of historical anthropology, which are aimed at understanding the meanings, essence and value systems of human existence in the past for philosophical anthropology. The study of this problem is relevant for understanding the evolution of human identity with philosophical and anthropological concepts, understanding the essence of one’s own existence and attitude to the world. Theoretical basis. The author conducts research in the analysis of the reflexive field of philosophical anthropology and related disciplines, in particular historical anthropology, implemented in the philosophical literature of recent centuries, that is, in the space of non-classical and modern philosophical thought. Originality. I raise and substantiate the theoretical question of the scientific significance of the analysis of human existence in the past thanks to the involvement of theoretical approaches and concepts formed in the reflexive field of modern historical and anthropological research. This forms the prerequisites for understanding complex and interdisciplinary explorations of the essence and cultural and spiritual values of human existence. I analyse the problems of the work in the context of the concept of the incompleteness of the project of philosophical anthropology without its involvement in the theoretical achievements of historical-anthropological investigations. Conclusions. In my opinion, modern historical and anthropological studies of the essence and meanings of being a person of the past form an extensive theoretical system. It is realized through such theoretical aspects of comprehension of human existence by historical and anthropological studies as "history of mentalities", "microhistory", "history of women", "new cultural history", "history of identity", "history of memory", history of mental aspects of political processes. Methodological approaches and concepts of modern historical anthropology form the basis of mental reconstruction and understanding of the mental and cultural causes and factors of human existence, thanks to the analysis of the evolution of the worldview, behaviour, outlook, various forms of individual and social activity of the individual.
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Е.Ю., Чемякин,. "The Concept of "Unhomely" in Post-Colonial Theory." Диалог со временем, no. 81(81) (December 24, 2022): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2022.81.81.003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Колониальные взаимоотношения Запада и Востока привели к формированию особого гибридного типа идентичности у жителей подчиненных территорий. Исследования этой идентичности в рамках постколониальной теории позволили говорить об особом положении, которое занимают мигранты, а также некоторая часть населения бывших колоний. Для его обозначения Хоми Бхабха ввел понятие «внедомности» (unhomely), характеризующее нахождение человека между культурами и традициями. Статья посвящена рассмотрению концепции «внедомности», ее философским истокам (европейский психоанализ и экзистенциализм) и характеристикам, а также отражению этой концепции в постколониальной художественной литературе. Colonial relations between the West and the East led to the formation of a special hybrid type of identity among residents of colonies. The study of this identity in the framework of postcolonial theory allowed to speak about the special state distinguishing for migrants, as well as for some part of the population of former colonies. To designate it, Homi Bhabha introduced the concept of “unhomely”, which characterizes the person's finding between cultures and traditions. The article is devoted to the consideration of the concept of “unhomely”, its philosophical origins (European psychoanalysis and existentialism) and characteristics, as well as the reflection of this concept in postcolonial literature.
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Soboleva, Maja. "Das Schöne in der kritisch-philosophischen Poetik Ingeborg Bachmanns." Colloquium: New Philologies 9, no. 1-2 (2024): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23963/cnp.2024.9.1.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper aims to reconstruct Bachmann’s most important poetological principles on the basis of her critical writings and the Frankfurt lectures. In doing so, the concept of beauty, which is constitutive for her understanding of literature and language, comes into focus. An interpretation of this concept from the perspective of existential philosophy makes it possible to combine questions of literary theory related to contemporary poetics on the one hand, and philosophical questions related to personal authenticity (and hence identity) and to the justification of the author’s existence on the other, and thus to advance to Bachmann’s poetological credo.
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Meshcheryakova, Elena I. "Professional marginalization of servicemen: pedagogical conditions of warning in the educational process of military universities." Psychological-Pedagogical Journal GAUDEAMUS, no. 4 (2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-231x-2020-19-4(46)-19-25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We considered the current and insufficiently developed problem of professional marginalism by domestic teachers in the aspect of creating pedagogical conditions in the educational process of military universities to prevent it. Based on the analysis of philosophical, sociological, psychological literature, we specified the concept of “professional marginalism of servicemen”, gave its characterization as a dangerous psychological phenomenon, gave a comparative characteristic of the concepts of “professional burnout” and “deviant behavior”. To identify pedagogical conditions for preventing professional marginalism, we considered it as an antipode of the professional identity of military specialists. In view of the fact that the formation of the professional identity of future officers in the educational process of military universities is carried out during the implementation of educational tasks in classrooms and in extracurricular activities, we presented pedagogical conditions, the creation of which contributes to the prevention of professional marginalism of specialists engaged in military professional activities. The presented research results have a scientific novelty, since in this aspect the professional marginalism of servicemen has not yet been investigated, and we give not only a concretization of the key concept, but also the identified pedagogical conditions. The opportunities that arise in connection with the creation in the educational process of military universities of pedagogical conditions that prevent professional marginalism of military personnel as a dangerous psychological phenomenon determine the practical significance of the research and its results. Further development of the problem will contribute to the creation of a holistic concept of the development of professional identity and the prevention of professional marginalism of servicemen.
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Wexler, Richard H., and Suzanne Roff-Wexler. "The Evolution and Development of Self in Virtual Worlds." International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 3, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcbpl.2013010101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Understanding the concept of Self and its relationship to virtual worlds is not a luxury. Virtual worlds render a universe not limited to present laws of nature, where perception of gravity may be suspended and humans may morph and communicate in ways yet imagined. As technology progresses, distinguishing virtual from reality may become more difficult. For some, this offers gains. For others, such as individuals with a confused sense of Self and fractured identity, this is problematic. Venturing deeper, it is necessary to explore who one is and what it means to be human. Does the concept of Self, transform and evolve in virtual worlds into something different than it is in the “real world?” If the Self is transformed, what are the implications for mental health and pathology, competency assessment, and development and experiential learning? This article explores such questions in the context of the evolution and development of the concept of Self in virtual worlds. It describes differences between major philosophical frameworks developed to explain the concept of Self and identity and provides relevant research and literature. It presents a working model to understand how virtual world technology affects the concept of Self and identity and how to maintain a healthy and stable Self and identity.
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Zustiyantoro, Dhoni, Agus Nuryatin, Teguh Supriyanto, and Mukh Doyin. "Luwes and Philosophical: Dewaruci Puppet Performance in Suryomentaram’s Kasampurnan Concept." Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education 22, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 418–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v22i2.39209.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explores the performance of Ki Manteb Soedarsono’s Dewaruci and Bima characters in it. As a carangan play (contemporary), Dewaruci is the most popular play. The purpose of this study is to describe the elements of Dewaruci puppet performance and how the concept of kasampurnan in Javanese cultural psychology was initiated by Suryomentaram (1892-1962). This is qualitative research with a psychological approach using the method of reading, taking notes, and studying literature. The data in a form of performances and texts were collected from Dewaruci scripts and puppet videos on Kanal Seni Gelar YouTube channel. We combine Dewaruci script with the puppeteer Ki Manteb and other sources, in addition, to conduct a critical analysis to identify kasampurnan life concept that Bima does in this play from Suryomentaram’s perspective. The result of the study shows that the Dewaruci puppet show by Ki Manteb has the advantage of being flexible and able to adapt to the context and needs of the audience. The concept of kasampurnan in Dewaruci as a representation of Javanese culture can be explained from the perspective of Suryomentaram indigenous psychology. This finding contradicts previous psychological analyses in literature and art. Previous psychology research used the theory of Sigmund Freud, C. G. Jung, and Alfred Adler. However, we argue that the theory cannot always explain the cultural context because of cultural differences between theory and objects. Therefore, this research is relevant in the spirit of science decolonization to see humans in Javanese culture according to their context and culture.
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Gokcekuyu, Ertugrul. "An Analysis of Al-Djurjani’s Definition of Identity – huwiyya: The then and Now." Alsuna: Journal of Arabic and English Language 4, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 203–2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/alsuna.v4i2.1751.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose - This paper aims to answer in what ways such an early account of huwiyya may overlap or have similarities with some of the modern, yet ambiguous depictions of the term.
Design/methodology/approach - The research design is descriptive-qualitative research. The data gained are written words and sentences from al-Djurjani’s works.
Findings - Literature today acknowledges more progressive interpretations of identity, wherein the phrase has been used in ambiguous ways, categorizing the individual in existential, contextual, and perceptual terms attempting to understand the inner and outer workings of the Self. Most definitions of identity in social sciences assume the phrase to be a unit of analysis; a challenging task when the phrase is so heterogeneous. The point of departure in this article is Al-Djurdani’s two-layered live wire definition that connotes a binary reading. While the first layer of this - one of the earliest - Muslim philosophical definitions is existentialist, the second layer merits a reading that is modestly contextual.
Originality/value - The point of departure in this article is Al-Djurdani’s two-layered live wire definition that connotes a binary reading. While the first layer of this - one of the earliest - Muslim philosophical definitions is existentialist, the second layer merits a reading that is modestly contextual.
Paper type – Concept paper
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Isaieva, Natalia. "FEATURES OF GENDER TERMINOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN THE MODERN CHINESE LITERARY CRITICISM." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, no. 30 (2021): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2021.30.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article is devoted to the cause of semantic ambiguity of Chinese gender terminology by the example of the most controversial concepts, such as "feminism", "gender", "feminist literature", "women's literature", "women's writing". The author pays attention to the socio-historical context, perception of Western feminist theories and actualization of traditional Chinese Philosophic Doctrines, as well as the unique phenomenon of "figurative terminology" creation. In this research, the author used cultural-historical and typological methods, as well as the method of semantic and contextual analysis. The development of a feminist (and later gender) trend in Chinese literary criticism began in the early 1980s. This process took place under the influence of three factors: 1) communist ideology and "state feminism"; 2) the spread of Western theories of feminism; 3) traditional Chinese concepts of gender relations. Chinese researchers were borrowing terms by translating them from English or other European languages. However, the process of semantic adaptation of new concepts was quite complex and had its own features. In particular, Chinese scholars sought to avoid a radical opposition of "the masculine and feminine principles" in the semantics of new terms. Instead they were trying to implement the Chinese philosophical concept of complementing the categories of Yin and Yang, which reflects the "situational worldview" of the Chinese people. One of the special phenomena of Chinese gender literary criticism is the development of "figurative concepts." Such concepts are vivid images of Western literature and literary criticism, which are gaining new meaning in the Chinese cultural environment. In particular, the concept of "The Blank Page", suggested by S. Gubar to denote female identity in a patriarchal society, is associated by Chinese scholars with the activity of Tang Empress Wu Zetian and her "Wordless Tomb Stele". The author concluded that the process of the gender terminology development in Chinese literary criticism is not complete, it balances between the new Western and traditional Chinese concepts of gender relations.
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Gil Naveira, Isabel. "‘Force’ and ‘Chi’: Duality, Identity, and Struggle in Star Wars and Buchi Emecheta’s Kehinde." Anglia 140, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2022): 535–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2022-0050.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Cultural and religious representations may seem different from one culture to another. Yet the concept of the ‘Force’ that George Lucas developed in the Star Wars saga (1977–2019) has been compared to the Judeo-Christian and East Asian religions and traditions, and even to the Greco-Roman philosophical concept of ‘pneuma’. In turn, the Igbo of Nigeria believe in the existence of ‘Chi’, an enigmatic concept that has given rise to various interpretations. This article conducts a comparative analysis of the concept of ‘Force’ in Lucas’ Star Wars saga and the Igbo ‘Chi’ in Nigerian author Buchi Emecheta’s novel Kehinde (1994). It focuses on the principle of duality these works establish between the natural and supernatural worlds and its relevance for the twin characters in the narratives. The connections between the ‘Force’ and the twins Luke and Leia and between ‘Chi’ and Kehinde and her dead twin sister Taiwo evoke the epic structure of a hero that must, in Joseph Campbell’s terms, “slay [the] dragon” (Campbell and Moyers 1988/1991: 182). The article examines the relevance of religion and myths in these twentieth-century narratives that readdress the development of the heroes’ identity and their struggle to offer audiences role models to confront modern social and political questions.
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Belonogov, Ivan N. "5 Etudes on Body Without Organs." Galactica Media: Journal of Media Studies 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 71–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/gmd.v2i1.96.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The concept of “Body without Organs (BwO)” proposed by Gilles Deleuze (and Félix Guattari) is quite often overlooked both in the “post-Deleuzian” literature and in various systems/media theories. This paper aims to show the changes that might occur when introducing this concept in different discourses. Specifically, in terms of the systems theory, BwO resolves the paradox of “a certain system in the state of uncertainty” as well as opens the way to the neorationality; in the philosophy of life, it makes the zone of indistinguishability between life and death clearly visible; against the background of the identity politics, it becomes the guiding idea of liberation; while in the context of the media theory, it unfolds the mode of existence of the worlds of fantasy. The outcomes of this study may be useful not only for philosophers addressing the issues of systems, organizations, technics, media etc., or for political activists, but also for anyone interested in the philosophical heritage of Gilles Deleuze as well as in the development of his philosophical ideas.
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Cherkes, Bohdan, Yuliya Idak, and Roman Frankiv. "The concept of “gated community” and its explication in the theory and practice of urban planning: A literature review." Architectural Studies 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2023): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.56318/as/2.2023.47.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The research relevance is determined by expanding the meaningful boundaries of the concepts that are actively used in modern urban planning theory and practice. The study aims to reveal and understand the essence of the concept of “gated community”, identify its interrelationships with urban concepts and establish its role in the context of urban planning theory and practice. A comprehensive methodological approach based on a logical and philosophical approach and combining terminological and spatial analyses was used. The study identified the essential features of the concepts of “community” and “gated community”, as well as their relationship with other concepts related to the organisation of the living environment at the territorial level. The definition of the concept of “gated community” is expanded to include the urban planning component. The results of the study indicate that the formation of gated communities can have both a positive and negative impact on urban development. A gated community is proposed to be regarded as a group of objects characterised by a pronounced focus on internal interaction and mutual assistance between its members. Such a definition was preceded by the results of revealing the place and role of “gated communities” in the city structure, identifying the essential features of the initial concepts of “community” and “gated community”, establishing the relationship with the concepts that take place when describing the peculiarities of the organisation of the living environment at the territorial level, as well as the correspondence of the definition of a gated community to its specifics of functioning at the territorial level. It is determined that in urban planning its characteristic features are physical isolation and controlled access. It is clarified that this type of community can lead to the fragmentation of the city into smaller, separate territorial units. The practical value of this work is the possibility of considering its results in the process of developing a city development strategy for the rational organisation of the living environment. In addition, the results can help governing institutions identify the best ways to cooperate with gated communities, ensuring a balance between their needs and the requirements for preserving urban identity and sustainability
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Studniarz, Sławomir. "The Holy Abyss of the Absolute: Poe’s Critique of Schelling in “Morella” and “The Fall of the House of Usher”." Edgar Allan Poe Review 24, no. 1 (April 2023): 34–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/edgallpoerev.24.1.0034.
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Abstract This article examines the impact of Schelling’s philosophy, especially his concept of the Absolute, on two of Poe’s tales: “Morella” and “The Fall of the House of Usher.” It begins with a focused overview of Schelling’s chief doctrines, in particular his famous system of identity, and because this system was forged under the influence of Spinoza’s monism, the revival of the Dutch philosopher’s ideas in post-Kantian German philosophy is also briefly discussed. The article expands on one of the outcomes of this philosophy at the turn of the nineteenth century, namely, the perceived deficiency of philosophical and scientific inquiry and the ensuing privileging of art. As has been recognized, this shift had a direct bearing on emerging Romantic aesthetics, and its emphasis on the symbol as a way of conveying the inexpressible, of revealing the conceptually ungraspable. Both the Romantic theory of the symbol and Schelling’s idea of the Absolute provide a conceptual framework for understanding the philosophical resonances of “Morella” and “The Fall of the House of Usher.”
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Tur, Cristina. "Concepts that fit in a (Roman) hand." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 11, no. 1 (June 6, 2024): 158–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00116.tur.
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Abstract The Roman author Lucius Anneus Seneca (4 BC–65 AC), the main representative of Stoic philosophy in Latin literature, wrote several tragedies in verse in which the Latin noun manus ‘hand’ has a remarkable incidence, almost doubling the occurrence of other terms more related to tragic themes, such as scelus ‘crime’ or mors ‘death’. This paper is based on the hypothesis that this high frequency is linked to the concept of embodiment as well as on the metonymies and metaphors used in Seneca’s figurative language to encode abstract concepts. The occurrences of the term manus in a corpus composed of Seneca’s dramatic and philosophical texts have been analysed, paying attention to the metonymic and metaphorical contexts where it appears. As a result, it has been observed that this word can refer to multiple realities such as individuals, actions, identity, control, or power.
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Matheson, Carl. "Consciousness and Synchronic Identity." Dialogue 29, no. 4 (1990): 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001221730004823x.
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The question “What makes a group of simultaneous experiences the experiences of a single person?” has been nearly ignored in the philosophical literature for the past few decades. The most common answer (e.g., Parfit 1984) to this much neglected question is “Two simultaneous experiences belong to a single person if there is a common consciousness or awareness of them.” However, consciousness and awareness are difficult concepts to analyze, so that little of substance has been said of the answer. Recently, Oaklander has argued that the awareness answer is deficient for a different reason, claiming that it fails because “it ultimately rests on an analysis of the unity of consciousness that is itself circular or otherwise inadequate” Oaklander 1987, p. 525). Oaklander's criticism is especially interesting because, according to it, the awareness account of synchronic personal identity falls prey to the main problem facing the memory (or psychological connectedness) account of diachronic identity, namely the problem of branching. In this paper, I shall argue that there is no important symmetry. Whatever its other flaws may be, the awareness account is immune to the branching problem; its immunity is due to formal differences between synchronic and diachronic identity.
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Yonghong, Cai, and M. N. Fomina. "Philosophy of Culture on the Philosophy of Modern Education in China." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 7, no. 3 (September 29, 2023): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2023-3-27-26-38.
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In Chinese philosophy, modern processes of searching for the fundamental values of the renewed strategies of education are based upon traditional Confucian approaches as well as upon recent borrowings from Western philosophy. The concept of philosophical dialogue is one example of these borrowings, adopted and radically changed following traditional Chinese logic. Such transformation means adapting the theoretical model of Socrates’ dialogue into Confucian dialogue, the term coined by Chinese authors. This paper considers Chinese developments in the philosophy of culture and aims to specify the ways of such adaptation as applicable to the philosophy of education. The goals of the study are 1) to identify and describe relevant Chinese literature on the subject; 2) to compare its interpretations by Chinese and Russian philosophers; 3) to specify key differences in interpretations of dialogue as educational method. Investigating the issue through philosophical and cultural lens, incorporating the standpoint of modern comparative studies, as well as the critical analysis of the logic of those theories in their historical and cultural context by means of the hermeneutic approach makes it possible for Chinese authors to focus on the cultural peculiarities of the Chinese way of thinking and to identify the correlation between the Western concept way of thinking and the concept of Chinese logic. This study analyzes the works of modern Chinese philosophers specializing in the specific cultural character of China through the prism of the philosophy of education. The paper concludes that in Chinese logic technical (in the Western understanding regarded as cognitive and formal logical) methods are inferior to ethical and social value orientations. Another finding is that Chinese authors tend to consider Confucian logic as part of dialogue, and dialogue is viewed as a means of moral education. Methodologically this finding leads the author to suggest that the Chinese-specific way of thinking, its philosophical culture, cannot be fully perceived by utilizing comparison with analogous concepts of Western philosophical thought. It would be equally beneficial to compare the conceptual framework of the Chinese philosophy of education with the concepts borrowed from Western philosophy.
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Shostak, Oksana G. "FORMATION OF NATIVE AMERICAN WRITTEN LITERARY TRADITION." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 2, no. 22 (2021): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2021-2-22-8.
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Article deals with the attempt to describe the creating of Native American and First Nations of Canada written literature. The aim of our study is to characterize the phenomenon of the literary struggle for Indian independence as a historically determined phenomenon of cultural, literary and historical process in North America, in the context of cultural and literary search and transformations of Native American identities that take place in the context of indigenous peoples' adaptation to white expansion on the continent during the eighteenth and twenty-first centuries. In the article we used such methods as: historical-literary and historical-cultural methods as well as elements of structural analysis. The research deals with the ways of actualizing one of the most powerful concepts of the modern world – that of ethnicity, which stands out as a constituent of the basic Native American identity concept originated in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The relevance of the research is determined by the importance of conducting more profound study of the concept that went through the objective stages of conceptualization and got fixed in the Indigenous Studies. Identity is manifested as a subjective feeling of belonging to a particular social group and at the same time it is a source of inspiration and continuity of each individual. The existence of the identity phenomenon is caused by the social context and the inviolability of social ties in society. The study of the North American identity has been and remains a problem with inexhaustible potential for researchers up to now. Identity becomes a form of literary discourse, causing self-discovery, self-interpretation, and the opportunity to transform into the “other” in one`s own country. Native American identity can be presented as a theory of social proximity and distance or as an interpretive scheme of gradual and direct discovery of oneself and the surrounding social reality through literature and social network communication. Anyhow interpretation of indigenous identity must be largely determined by a set of political, philosophical, historical, cultural, religious, ethnic concepts that dominate in given circumstances, determining the originality of indigenous identity in these circumstances. Today makes us witness a progressive development of American Indian identity in both cultural and civilizational and psychological dimensions through literary texts. The focus of the research is on the manifestations of the Indigenous national identity as a modern interdisciplinary phenomenon and the analysis of its projections in fiction. Theoretical and methodological foundations for understanding national identity in philosophy, culture, history, literary studies are determined, the ways of modeling national identity in contemporary Native American literature are traced. There are three dominant criteria of identity in such literary works: indigenous identity as a collective or personal feeling, manifestation or form of social consciousness, a social or individual-psychological phenomenon; fundamental identity as a doctrine, ideology or worldview, a systematized view of the world within a certain set of cultural and religious concepts; fundamental identity as a political movement, a political program based on ideology, doctrine or convictions.
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Karlsson, Lars, and Angelica Börjesson. "Emphasizing the Intrinsic Purpose of Public Administration: A Way Out of the Identity Crisis?" Revue Gouvernance 14, no. 1 (July 26, 2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040634ar.
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There is a long-standing discussion, often framed in terms of a crisis, in the literature about the identity of public administration. One of the most salient roots of this alleged crisis is the ideological and political questioning of the role of public administration. We argue in this paper that a way of strengthening the identity of public administration is to reconnect to the fundamental question of its purpose. In order to answer this question, we explore the concept of purpose and relate it to the philosophical and political theoretical discussions about the purpose of the state. We find two kinds of purposes, which we term the instrumentalistic and the intrinsic. If public administration is assigned an intrumentalistic purpose, it is assessed as valuable if the consequences are valuable. If it is assigned an intrinsic purpose, it is assessed as valuable in itself. We conclude that the instrumentalistic purpose of public administration dominates contemporary discourse, and that this contributes to the identity crisis. The article ends with a suggestion that the intrinsic purpose of public administration be given a more salient position in the discussion.
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Diehl, A. V. "ARTISTIC IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “UNITY IN DIVERSITY” IN THE POEM BY P.B. SHELLEY “LOVE’S PHILOSOPHY”." VESTNIK IKBFU PHILOLOGY PEDAGOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY, no. 1 (2023): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/pikbfu-2023-1-7.
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This research focuses on the linguistic and cultural specifics of the concept «unity in diversity» in P. B. Shelley’s poem “Love’s philosophy”. The study reflects the expert linguistic interest to the national cultural and individual author’s specificity in interpreting philosophical concepts in literature, which have a meaning-forming function within the space-time continuum of literary works. The aim of this research is to study the linguistic and cultural specifics of the concept «unity in diversity», as well as to identify its pragmatic function in the artistic space of P. B. Shelley’s works. The novelty of this research lies in the use of an anthropocentric approach to the study of linguistic material, in which the verbal representations of the concept «unity in diversity» are viewed through the prism of the inner world of the lyrical hero. The interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of lexical units brings together linguistic cultural studies, literary criticism, psycholinguistics and philosophy. The theoretical principles underlying this study are presented in the works of linguists involved in the analysis of concepts (in particular, philosophical and emotional ones) in the linguo-cultural and anthropocentric paradigms. The analysis relies on the method of continuous sampling, the method of conceptual frame analysis, the method of semantic-cognitive analysis, the descriptive method, as well as the contextual and interpretive methods. Having studied the verbal content of frame structures representing the concept of «unity in diversity» within the framework of the individual author’s concept sphere, the author made a conclusion about the special semantic function of the analyzed concept , which represents the cognitive dominant of the poem «Love’s philosophy».
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Mikki M.C, Aquinas, and Bhuvaneswari V. "The Missing Post-Humanism: A Philosophical Posthuman Study of Don DeLillo’s Zero K and William Gibson’s Pattern Recognition." World Journal of English Language 13, no. 7 (August 1, 2023): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n7p299.
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In the Anthropocene, humans have established an uninhabitable ecosystem. His insatiable desire for resources and possessions has led to this catastrophe. The posthuman studies critically examine the human-nonhuman divide through technology, biology, and culture. The inquiry raises ethical and ontological questions about human enhancement, artificial intelligence, and the social effects of new technologies. Posthumanism envisions a complex and interdependent world. Francesca Ferrando believes posthumanism threatens the anthropocentric worldview. Posthumanism reconsiders human identity, agency, and existence in light of emerging technologies and complex human-nonhuman relationships. It emphasises inclusivity, connectivity, and subtlety in human experience. She demonstrates post-humanism, post-anthropocentrism, and post-dualism in her seminal idea of ‘Philosophical Posthumanism’. This study analyses Don DeLillo and William Gibson's science fiction novels to reconsider “the human.” In this paper, Don DeLillo's Zero K and William Gibson's Pattern Recognition, Ferrando's ‘philosophical posthumanism’ and ‘posthumanism’ based on post-dualism, post-anthropocentrism and post-humanism views are compared. Ferrando's seminal work on 'Philosophical Posthumanism' expands on the above argument. This study seeks to investigate the absence of Ferrando's concept of post-humanism in selected literary works and the need for interdependence with other non-human species.
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Rebello Cardoso Jr, Helio. "Peirce’s resonances on Deleuze’s concept of sign: Triadic relations, habit and relation as semiotic features." Semiotica 2018, no. 224 (September 25, 2018): 165–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0212.
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AbstractThis article inspects Peirce’s resonances on Deleuze’s semiotic. Whereas most of the literature agrees that Deleuze adapts Peirce’s semiotic to serve his Bergsonian-based theory of sign, this article claims that the relationship of Deleuze with Peirce’s writings is more foliated than it may appear at first. The development of this hypothesis invites to trace back Deleuze’s works before his very acquaintance with Peirce in the 1980s. Therefore, one of Peirce’s classical issues – the role that relations and habits play for the triadic conception of sign – is considered with Deleuze’s early studies, in which he developed this same issue as to approach Hume (habit and relation, 1953) and Proust (triadic sign, 1964). This background echoes years later in Deleuze’s incursion to Peirce’s semiotic in the 1980s ninety-two classes and two books on cinema. In fact, Deleuze’s own triadic conception of sign and his acknowledged pragmatist inclination prove to be closer to Peirce’s pragmatism than the scholarly literature tends to think or argue. The aim of this article is not, however, to build an overwhelming philosophical identity between Deleuze and Peirce, it sets up instead a steadier basis from where to understand their differences. Deleuze’s ignored five-year long lectures on cinema shows to be exegetically revealing with respect to his debts towards Peirce.
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Loboda, Svitlana, Iwona Błaszczak, and Yuriy Plyska. "The crisis of the professional identity of the teacher in the context of the formation of a new information and communication educational paradigm: Aspect of research and publication activity." International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies 10, no. 2 (December 29, 2023): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.2786.
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The problem of the study - the genesis of the problem of the crisis of professional identity of a teacher in the context of the formation of a new information and communication educational paradigm in the second half of the twentieth century - early twenty-first century. The analysis of the scientific and pedagogical literature of the second half of the twentieth century - the beginning of the twenty-first century demonstrates that the transition to a new paradigm of education was marked by the emergence of a crisis of professional identity, which is also emphasised by the ambiguity of definitions of the concept of professional identity. In the modern scientific and pedagogical discourse, a teacher is seen as a person with numerous roles. The scientific, theoretical and philosophical foundations for considering research activities and publication activity as key indicators of the level of professional identity of a teacher are identified and substantiated. An empirical study of the opinions of practicing teachers in Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine and Sweden on research and publication activity is carried out. The results of the international empirical research state the presence and reveal specific manifestations of the professional identity crisis.
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Gouni, Olga, Gabija Jarašiūnaitė-Fedosejeva, Burcu Kömürcü Akik, Annaleena Holopainen, and Jean Calleja-Agius. "Childlessness: Concept Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 1464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031464.
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The purpose of this concept analysis is to explore childlessness and provide understanding to professionals involved in the field of infertility. Walker and Avant’s method was used to identify descriptions, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of the concept. A model with related and contrary cases was developed. The analysis was based on the definition of the term in major dictionaries in the Greek, Lithuanian, Finnish, Maltese, and Turkish languages, while further literature searches utilized the Web of Science, PubMed, PsychInfo, Medline, Google Scholar, and National Thesis Databases. The literature search was limited to papers/books published in the authors’ national languages and English. As a result, childlessness is defined as the absence of children in the life of an individual, and this can be voluntary or involuntary. However, the deeper analysis of the concept may be preceded and amplified through cultural, psychological, biological, philosophical, theological, sociological, anthropological, and linguistic aspects throughout history. These elements presented challenges for childless individuals, ultimately influencing their choices to resort to alternative ways of becoming parents, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), surrogacy, adoption, or other forms of childbearing. Historically, childlessness has been viewed with negative connotations due to its potential impact on the survival of the human species. This negativity can be directed even to individuals who may decide to opt to voluntarily remain childfree. The long-term impact of the experience, both on an individual and collective level, continues to cause pain to those who are involuntarily childless. In conclusion, health professionals and other stakeholders who have a deep understanding of childlessness, including the antecedents and attributes, can minimize the potential negative consequences of those factors contributing to childlessness, whether voluntary or involuntary. In fact, they can capitalize on a powerful impact of change adaptation by providing support to those in their practice to recover the lost homeostasis.
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Dyadyk, Natalia. "Practices of self-knowledge in Buddhism and modern philosophical education." Socium i vlast 4 (2020): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2020-4-71-81.
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Introduction. The article is focused on studying the self-knowledge techniques used in Buddhism and their application in teaching philosophy. The relevance of the study is due to the search for new approaches to studying philosophy, including approaches related to philosophical practice, as well as the interest of modern scientists in the problem of consciousness. The problem of consciousness is interdisciplinary and its study is of practical importance for philosophers, psychologists, linguists, specialists in artificial intelligence. Buddhism as a philosophical doctrine provides rich material for the study of the phenomenon of consciousness, which does not lose its relevance today. A feature of the Buddhist approach to consciousness is that it has an axiological orientation that is directly related to the problem of self-knowledge. The practices of self-knowledge used in Buddhism enable a person to become happier and more harmonious, which is so important for each of us. The aim of the study is to conduct a philosophical analysis of Buddhist practices of self-knowledge and self-transformation in order to use them in the educational process. Methods: the author uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction; phenomenological method to identify the intentions that are key for consciousness. The author also uses the hermeneutical method to interpret Buddhist texts. The method of introspection as self-observation of consciousness is used in Buddhist meditation techniques. The scientific novelty of the study is that we approach the study of extensive material on Buddhism in the context of the problem of selfknowledge, which is inextricably linked with the Buddhist concept of consciousness. The revealed and studied Buddhist techniques of self-knowledge have been adapted for teaching philosophy. Results. A philosophical analysis of the literature on Buddhism in the context of the problem of self-knowledge was carried out. As a result of the analysis, Buddhist techniques for working with consciousness, such as meditation, the method of pondering Zen koans, the method of getting rid of material attachments, or the practice of austerities, were studied and described. A philosophical analysis of various Buddhist meditation techniques showed that they are based on the Buddhist concept of consciousness, which denies the existence of an individual “I”, considers the “I” to be nothing more than a combination of various dharmas, therefore the purpose of meditation in Buddhism is to identify oneself with one’s own “I”, to achieve a state of voidness in which we must comprehend our true identity. The method of pondering Zen koans is also one of the techniques for working with one’s consciousness in Buddhism. As a result of deliberation of these paradoxical miniatures, a person goes beyond the boundaries of logical thinking; there is a transition from the level of profane consciousness to the level of deep consciousness. The basis of the method of getting rid of material attachments or the practice of austerities in Buddhism is the concept of the middle path. We have established a similarity between the method of getting rid of material attachments, the concept of the middle path and minimalism as a way of life. Findings. Elements of the Buddhist practices of self-transformation can be successfully used in the teaching of philosophy at the university as a practical aspect of studying this discipline, forming students with the idea of philosophy as a way of life leading to positive self-transformation. Studying the practical aspects of Buddhist philosophy contributes to the formation of tolerance, awareness, education of humanism and altruism, and the skills of psycho-emotional self-regulation.
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Babu, Roshni. "Tending Immanence, Transcending Sectarianism: Plane of Mixed Castes and Religions." CASTE / A Global Journal on Social Exclusion 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2021): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26812/caste.v2i2.230.
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The attempt in this article is to extrapolate the notion of hybridity latent in B. R. Ambedkar’s reflections on mixed castes, and outcastes, which subsequently leads to the causal link that he then derives gesticulating to social evils, namely, the origin of untouchability. Whether this embryonic notion of hybridity present in Ambedkar’s work is amenable to the extrapolation of Dalit identity thought along the lines of Gilles Deleuze’s notion of “immanent mixtures” is a thread that this study pursues. This certainly has broad implications for the prevalent notions of Dalit identity. This study ventures to read Ambedkar’s work, Riddles in Hinduism (1987) alongside Deleuze, probing into the intuitive link between notions of hybridity and the plane of immanence.
Ideological distancing from predetermined categories of identity considered to be reductive in nature by the intellectuals of Indian philosophical thinking view such predetermined notions as facile conceptions that run short of representative qualities of complex and varied particularities of reasoned engagement with one’s resources. Amartya Sen heralded this ideological position in his work titled, The Argumentative Indian (2006), in favor of heterodoxy and reasoned choice determining priorities between different identities. Lacunae regarding identification of resources prominent in Sen’s work is pointed out by Jonardon Ganeri, who hails from the cluster of contemporary Sanskritists competent in philological and theoretical exegesis of “sastric” philosophical literature from the classical period of India.
This study is a close reading of Jonardon Ganeri’s concept of ‘resources within’ which he develops in his work, Identity as Reasoned Choice (2012) to examine the potentiality of this concept to advance a theoretical framework that could counter a sectarian view of Indian tradition, as it is professed at the outset of his work. Sectarianism, which Ganeri opposes, identifies mysticism to be its chief trait which he shows to be selectively usurping only those resources grounded in Vedantic wisdom from India’s past.
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Kurniawati, Diyan. "Makna Lou dan Huma dalam Novel Api Awan Asap Karya Korrie Layun Rampan." Aksara 31, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29255/aksara.v31i1.334.39-53.
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AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan makna lou dan huma yang terdapat dalam novel Api Awan Asap karya Korrie Layun Rampan. Makna tersebut meliputi makna sosiologis atau budaya, dan makna filosofis. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana makna lou dan huma, baik makna sosiologis atau budaya, dan filosofis. serta posisi masyarakat dalam menghadapi faktor eksternal yang menganggu lou dan huma. Untuk memecahkan masalah dan tujuan penelitian digunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, yaitu dengan cara mendeskripsikan makna lou dan huma, dan posisi masyarakat dalam menghadapi faktor eksternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra dan didukung dengan teori identitas dan ekokritik. Hasil penelitian membuktikan makna sosiologis lou ditampilkan melalui bentuk rumah lou yang dibuat agar masyarakat yang tinggal di dalamnya merasa aman. Lou juga menjadi tempat pewarisan tradisi berupa kesenian dan produk budaya, serta tempat meneruskan garis keluarga. Secara filosofis, lou menunjukkan sistem kekerabatan dan keeratan perasaan di antara masyarakat. Makna sosiologis huma adalah konsep pengelolaan hutan dan tanah yang memperhatikan ekosistem. Secara filosofis, huma dalam pembagian hutan. menunjukkan konsep keteraturan masyarakat Dayak Benuaq. Perusahaan kayu dan pertambangan menyebabkan masyarakat mengalami trauma dan instropeksi terhadap kelegalan kepemilikan tanah. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa lou dan huma merupakan identitas masyarakat Dayak Benuaq yang dipertahankan keberadaannya sekaligus budaya dan filosofi yang ada di dalamnya. Kata kunci: identitas, masyarakat, lou, huma AbstractThis study aims to describe the meaning of lou and huma in the novel of Api Awan Asap by Korrie Layun Rampan. The meaning includes sociological or cultural and philosophical meanings. It discusses the sociological or cultural and philosophical meanings of lou and huma, and position of the community deals with external factor that interfere with loa and huma. It uses descriptive qualitative methods to describe the meaning of lou and huma, and position of the community deals with external factor. This study also applies sociological theory of literature and identity and echocritic theories.The results reveals that there is a sociological or social meaning in the form of the lou house so that the people who live in it feel safe. Lou is also a traditional inheritance of art and cultural products, and a place where they contimue their family line. Meanwhile, in its philosophical meaning, lou displays a close kinship system and family closeness among Dayak Benuaq people. The sociological meaning of huma is the concept of forest and land management that takes into account the ecosystem. Philosophically, huma in forest fragmentation shows the concept of regularity in Dayak Benuaq community.. The operation of timber and mining companies causes the community’s trauma and reflection on the business of land ownership. In conclusion, Lou and Huma are forms of identity in Dayak Benuaq people, whose existence, culture, and philosophy are continuously maintained. Keywords: identity, society, lou, huma
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Pigalev, Alexander. "The Concept of Heresy and the Theoretical Models of Difference." Logos et Praxis, no. 3 (September 2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2023.3.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper deals with the philosophical aspects of the concept of heresy in religion and beyond. It is emphasized that initially "heresy" meant "free choice", "received opinion", "doctrine", and "philosophic school", but very soon after the rise of Christian literature, its meaning had been radically changed. Since then, "heresy" was understood as "false belief" and "erroneous doctrine" that opposed "orthodoxy", so that the opposition of "heresy" and "orthodoxy" became, in the long run, the opposition of "false" and "true". Such significant parallelism indicates the metaphysical prerequisites for the modern usage of the term "heresy". It is also noted that the changes in the very concept of heresy are closely connected with the modernization of traditional societies. Whereas the latter were characterized by a high degree of predetermination of events, which was expressed by the mythologeme of fate, the passage to modernity meant the transformation of inflexible fate into a set of free choices that were made by man. In the issue, the former orthodoxy and heresies turn into a plurality of different but equivalent opinions. Hence, the scrutiny takes into account the history of the notion of difference that is considered in connection with the notions of identity and opposition. They make it possible to construe the transformation of negligible dissimilarity to the "blurred" and "fuzzy" difference and eventually to the polarity of absolute opposition. This implies that the term "heresy" as something "false" should rely on the concept of absolute opposition as the product of metaphysics. On this evidence, the analysis focuses on the reputed statement that the decisive point of monotheism is not the oneness of God but the exclusion of all other gods as the false ones (the so-called "Mosaic Distinction"). Just the exclusivity distinguishes the mode of difference that one faces in monotheism from the negligible dissimilarity that is inherent in polytheism. Accordingly, in connection with the "Mosaic Distinction", one should interpret the ban on idolatry as the inadmissibility of self-sufficiency and thus the divinity of the representations of God.
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Фидарова, Р. Я. "LOGICS OF HISTORY IN THE SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT OF OSSETIAN ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE NATURE OF THE EMERGING NATIONAL LITERATURE." Известия СОИГСИ, no. 45(84) (September 14, 2022): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.84.45.002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Осетинские просветители (они же и первые осетинские писатели) стремились осмыслить глубинные причинно-следственные взаимосвязи всемирно-исторического процесса и его исторической конкретности, т.е. истории отдельных народов и стран. В смене общественно-экономических формаций они видели логику всемирной истории, суть которой, по их убеждению, в общей направленности всемирно-исторического процесса к прогрессу. Логика же эта отражает единство, целостность всемирно-исторического процесса. А само данное единство просветители видели в тождественности судеб различных народов и схожести порядков и норм их социально-исторического бытия. При этом понимали, какую огромную роль во всемирной истории играет история отдельных народов, живущих в конкретном историческом времени и реальном социальном пространстве. Осознавали, что каждый народ имеет свой путь духовной зрелости, свою судьбу. Словом, исходили из того, что всемирно-исторический процесс с точки зрения исторической конкретности представляет собой пеструю картину бесконечного разнообразия, уникальности конкретных исторических событий, определяющих судьбу каждого народа, класса, личности; что ценность вклада каждого во всемирный исторический процесс обусловлена его уникальностью, своеобразием, неповторимостью. Эта их концепция определяла их взгляды на исторические судьбы своего народа и его культуру, искусство и литературу. Так, исходя из логики взаимосвязи всемирной истории и исторического процесса, определившей их социально-философскую систему взглядов, осетинские просветители сформировали свою концепцию национального искусства, которая во многом и обусловила рождение критического реализма в зарождающейся осетинской литературе, определив тем самым ее боевой, наступательно-аналитический характер, социально-историческую углубленность в проблемы народного бытия и философский кругозор в целом. Суть концепции национального искусства и литературы осетинских просветителей заключается, прежде всего, в том, что она призвана была определить место искусства и литературы как специфического, уникального явления в жизни современного общества, со сложным комплексом стоящих перед ними первоочередных задач. А цель при этом такого искусства и литературы – научить общество размышлять о жизни, исследовать ее, стремиться к ее улучшению, к прогрессу. Просветителями же были определены и функции национального искусства: воспитательные, познавательно-преобразующиеся и в целом, конечно же, социальные функции. Ossetian enlighteners (they are the first Ossetian writers) sought to comprehend the deep causal relationships of the world-historical process and its historical concreteness, i.e. The history of individual peoples and countries. In the change of social and economic formations, they saw the logic of world history, the essence of which, by their conviction, in the general direction of the world-historical process to progress. This logic reflects the unity, the integrity of the world-historical process. And this unity of the enlighteners seen in the identity of the fate of the various peoples and the similarity of the orders and the norms of their socio-historical being. At the same time, they understood what a huge role in world history is played by the history of individual peoples living in specific historical time and real social space. We realized that every people had their own way of spiritual maturity, their fate. In a word, the world-historical process from the point of view of historical concreteness is a militant picture of endless diversity, the uniqueness of specific historical events that determine the fate of every people, class, personality; that the value of the contribution of each to the World Historical Process is due to its uniqueness, originality, uniqueness. This concept has determined their views on the historical fate of their people and its culture, art and literature. So, based on the logic of the relationship of the World History and the historical process, which determined their social and philosophical system of views, the Ossetian enlighteners have formed their concept of national art, which largely led the birth of critical realism in the emerging Ossetian literature, thereby determining its combat, offensive and analytical Character, socio-historical deepening in the problems of people's existence and philosophical horizons in general. The essence of the concept of national art and literature of Ossetian enlighteners is, first of all, in the fact that it was called upon to determine the place of art and literature as a specific, unique phenomenon in the lives of modern society, with a complex of priority challenges. And the purpose of this art and literature is to teach the Society to reflect on life, explore it, strive for its improvement, to progress. The enlighteners also identified the functions of national art: educational, cognitive-transformed and in general, of course, social functions.
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Dumitrescu, Marius, Șerban Turliuc, and Nicoleta Dumitrescu. "Behavioral Intervention Technologies – Historical, Medical, Philosophical, and Ethical Perspectives." BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 13, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 470–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/13.1/294.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, we will analyze, from philosophical, medical and bioethical points of view, the genetic ways in which the biological foundations of human behavior can be identified, as well as the technologies that can contribute to the modification of certain human behaviors, especially aggressive ones. Ideas about the inheritance of a certain behavior have been identified since Greek antiquity, but in the 20th century, along with sequencing and mapping of all genes of the members of our species, the possibility of identifying possible genes for learning and memory has emerged and therefore the ability to act on them through “behavioral genetics” could develop. In the dawn of the 21st century, researchers begin to consider that abnormal behaviors had a certain genetic mutation located on the “X” chromosome or on the “Y” chromosome and the concept of “genetics of intellectual disability” was introduced in the medical literature. After the identification of the genes or the constellation of genes that underlie the occurrence of psychiatric disorders, the researchers developed genetic engineering to be performed on certain groups of neuronal cells, but these activities lead to the question: how useful or dangerous these new genome editing technologies will be, especially in terms of conservation and perpetuation of the human species. We conclude that the chimera-type people, whose genetic structure is artificially constructed, would raise issues primarily about their identity, their integration into traditional societies, but also about the need for a new legislation. However, the future society will have, at some point, to accept the reality of genetic interventions, the purpose of which is to achieve much more radical transformations in human nature.
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Tkachenko, Anastasia S., Dmitry O. Ivanov, and Elena N. Berezkina. "Philosophical and anthropological aspect of A.A. Ukhtomsky's teaching about the dominant." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 9, no. 3 (December 15, 2018): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped93128-136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Development context of scientific thought in the early 20 century let us see the origins of many ideas, that became fundamental in Russian philosophical anthropology. Ukhtomsky’s theory about dominant – the one of the most important in the psycho-physiological development of the 20th century. His ideas useful not only for theoretical physiology, anthropology, psychology, but also in practice, for labor, science and creative activity optimization. Dominant principle – is not only the main way of brain centers cooperation, but also all nervous system and body as a whole. It gives an opportunity to learn the contradictory and hard structure of human behavior, of a moral and creative person components, describes way of human attitude to the external environment as an active, not passive observer. Dominant connects rather elements in a single unit, moving in one direction, and present not only in physiology, but also in psychic experience, literature and art. In the philosophical-ethical attitude A.A. Ukhtomsky was developing the conception of “dominant on the other face”. It addresses on original person, see Interlocutor in his identity and uniqueness. The concept of morality of A.A. Ukhtomsky is based on the definitions of “honored interlocutor” and “double”. Deserve the Interlocutor – means to see in him something bigger, than own reflection. In the science work of A.A. Ukhtomsky we see systematic approach to the study of physiological discoveries and solving real-life problems. In an effort to understand, what a person is, how his mental development takes place, he doesn’t only makes actual discoveries, but also try to give them general scientific significance, to enter them into the general scientific system of knowledge. The systematic scientific approach is particularly relevant at the present time, when the amount of various information is growing exponentially, and the general concept of scientific knowledge, which allows to combine work in various fields of science, doesn’t exist. In our opinion, its base can give us the A.A. Ukhtomsky’s dominant principle.
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Semikopov, D. V., and A. A. Zakhriapin. "Europe as the "other" of Russian historiosophical consciousness: from the middle ages to modernity." Vestnik of Minin University 9, no. 1 (March 11, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2021-9-1-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The paper reviews the phenomenon of perception of Western Europe as the "other" in Russian intellectual tradition. The purpose of this survey is to analyze and identify the features of Russian historiosophical consciousness in the transition of Russian civilization from the middle ages to modernity in the context of the idea of perceiving Europe as the "other".Materials and Methods. The main material of the paper is a monograph by Nizhny Novgorod researches «The problem of correlation of panhuman and national in the history of Russian thought». In addition, the material of the research is the works and articles by Russians and foreign authors focus on the subject under consideration. The article used the following methods: historical-philosophical analysis, interpretation, comparison and generalization.Results. In the medieval period the main consolidating power of society was religion, which identified the «other» as the Catholic of Western Europe. During the reign of Emperor Nicholas I, the «other» is still the same West, but the revolutionary West with its slogan «Liberty, equality, fraternity». The minister of national education – the earl S.S. Uvarov, in turn, proposed the following triad – «Orthodoxy, autocracy, nationality». Formation of the Russian nationality was under intense pressure from the West (the «other» of Russian civilization) during this period. The split of the Russian Orthodox Church (Raskol) in XVII century led to destruction of the Orthodox unity. The Orthodoxy was the source of sacralisation of monarchial power. However, the autocracy, having dealt a blow tothe Orthodoxy, set a course for the Western absolutism. Certain social circles, keeping up old traditions of the Orthodoxy, perceived the political authority as the «other». This led not only to the religion split (Orthodoxy), but also to the split in nationality. A pro-Western elite is being formed and, having lost its connection with Orthodoxy and traditional folk culture, it finds itself in the desert of its own historical identity. As a result, historiosophical projects, created by government and intelligentsia, caused an additional split, being unable to restore the lost unity.Discussion and Conclusions. The authors of the research managed to make systematic and detailed historical-philosophical analysis of sources and literature on this topic. The paper presents the main concepts that explain the phenomenon of Russian national identity. This makes it possible to consider and evaluate the key ideas of Russian thinkers. As a result, the authors of the research managed to make comprehensive and systematic historical-philosophical analysis of the development of the idea of Russian national identity through the prism of the concept of perception of Western Europe as the «other» of Russia.
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Kuz'min, Platon Alekseevich. "The Semiotic Method as an Aspect of the Methodology of Social Philosophy: the Experience of S.S. Averintsev." Философская мысль, no. 1 (January 2023): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2023.1.39240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The subject of the study is the correlation of the application of the semiotic method by S.S. Averintsev with social philosophy. The aim of the work is to demonstrate how and to what extent S.S. Averintsev applied the semiotic method and to identify the belonging of this method to the socio-philosophical field. The author identifies and concretizes the specifically semiotic features of Averintsev's methodology. The role of the sign in the worldview of early Byzantine society, the formation of this worldview and its adequate presentation, the sign as a reflection of the life of society and at the same time as a factor influencing it is revealed. The problem of the sign's ability to convey philosophical and theological meaning is considered. The material for the study is the work of S.S.Averintsev "Poetics of Early Byzantine literature". As a result of the work, the specifically semiotic features of Averintsev's methodology were identified and concretized. In his research, Sergey Sergeevich uses the terms "semiotics", "sign", "sign system", "structure", "context", "representation", "meaning", the concept of "word function" with varying degrees of intensity, which are characteristic of semiotics as a science. S.S. Averintsev touches on philosophical and ideological themes. It concerns such philosophical concepts and topics as being, ontology, anthropology, goodness, transcendence, otherness, meaning. The novelty of the research is due to the fact that the semiotic aspect of Averintsev's works has not been investigated, and there are also no scientific texts devoted to the relationship of the semiotic method and social philosophy in Averintsev's works. Averintsev reveals the correlation of the existence of society with the iconic universe. Being itself is a philosophical concept. Averintsev's work shows how meanings affect signs and the life of society, and at the same time, how signs themselves create new meanings.The Christian worldview presupposes such a view of man and society, in which a person in his unity with God is thought of as a being with the highest value and dignity in the created world.
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Musdahlipah, Musdahlipah, Dian Putri Rahmadani, Hedriansyah Nurhafizh, Rezik Mohd Rozak, Helpi Lestari, and Zullukman Zullukman. "The Relevance Of Ki Hajar Dewantara's Educational Basis "Education That Independent Students" In Differentiation Learning In The Independent Curriculum." Journal of Basic Education Research 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2024): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37251/jber.v5i2.975.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose of the study: This research aims to explore the relevance of Ki Hajar Dewantara's basic concept of education, namely "education that liberates students" in the context of differentiated learning in the Independent Curriculum. Ki Hajar Dewantara is known as an Indonesian education figure who encourages an educational approach that respects the uniqueness and potential of each student, and gives them the freedom to develop according to their talents and interests. Methodology: The literature study research method will be used to examine relevant theories, as well as the results of the latest research which examines the relationship between Ki Hajar Dewantara's educational concept and differentiated learning in the context of the Independent Curriculum. Main Findings: A critical analysis of the literature will be conducted to identify similarities, differences, and practical implications of the concepts. Novelty/Originality of this study: The values of freedom, equality and respect for individual uniqueness promoted by Ki Hajar Dewantara are reflected in the differentiated learning practices in the Merdeka Curriculum. Differentiated learning allows for strong inclusion, equity in educational access, and recognition of individual differences in student needs and interests. This concept provides a strong philosophical foundation for creating an inclusive, adaptive, and student-centered learning environment, in accordance with the spirit of freedom, equality, and respect for individual uniqueness.
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Myk, Małgorzata. "Let Rhoda Speak Again: Identity, Uncertainty, and Authority in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves." Text Matters, no. 1 (November 23, 2011): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10231-011-0008-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Performing a rereading of Virginia Woolf's 1931 experimental modernist masterpiece of The Waves, in this article I focus on the elusive and conflicted character of Rhoda, whose significance has been either overlooked or marginalized in the available criticism of the narrative. By pointing out a number of problems in the existing scholarship devoted to Rhoda, I propose to define her as a transgressive figure of uncertainty through which Woolf develops a critique of the unitary self. My point of departure for the following essay is Toril Moi's perspective on Woolf's oeuvre as openly feminist and deconstructive. Consequently, I begin with Moi's emphasis on Woolf's commitment to the problematization of the Western male humanism's underlying concept of the unitary self. Drawing from a number of critical and philosophical perspectives, I turn to Kim L. Worthington's idea of subjectivity as a sustained process of interpersonal narrativization in order to offer a more nuanced account of Rhoda's identity as compound and implicated in the dynamics of inter-subjective processes. I also consider Rhoda's much criticized rejection of identity vis-à-vis Woolf's strategy of impersonality, and, contrasting it with Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological concepts of the flesh and anonymous existence, I contend that Rhoda renounces the unitary selfhood, which corroborates Moi's critique of Woolf. Through a close analysis of Rhoda's position versus the other characters, as well as by examining how Rhoda's ego boundaries are delineated in the narrative, I demonstrate that Woolf's conflicted heroine emerges as an astute critic of gendered reality, since she is the one who most acutely feels the dualistic nature of selfhood and it is chiefly through her that Woolf points to the need to overcome this dualism. Shannon Sullivan's feminist revision of the Merleau-Pontian perspective on the anonymity and the body as well as the Deweyan notion of transactionality further helps to elucidate the ways in which Rhoda's experimental and subversive discourse engages in a polemic with the Cartesian conceptualization of identity presupposed on the dualism of mind and body simultaneously inquiring about a possibility of a non-dualistic and non-unitary conception of subjectivity. As a consequence, Rhoda gains authority and agency through uncertainty which prompts her to adopt an uncompromisingly and insistently questioning stance. Finally, I suggest reconsidering Rhoda's suicide as a metaphorical act of ‘distancing,’ as discussed by Zygmunt Bauman, via Adorno, in his 2006 Liquid Fear, another context for approaching Rhoda's uncertainty.
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Shutova, Ekaterina A. "THE IMAGE OF THE PHILOSOPHER IN THE LETTERS OF A. P. CHEKHOV." Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University 484, no. 2 (April 4, 2024): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/1994-2796-2024-484-2-103-108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A. Chekhov is known as a classic of Russian literature, but modern research turns to the study of Chekhov’s philosophy. The main focus of such studies is focused on the analysis of the philosophical content of the literary work of the great writer. The present study shifts attention to the author’s letters: it is important to understand what he thought about philosophy and how he saw the image of the philosopher. This will make it possible to clarify the existing approaches to the study of A. Chekhov as a thinker. The article analyzes the texts of Chekhov’s letters. The context of the use of the concept “philosopher” is revealed and the main features of the philosopher in the representation of A. Chekhov are described. The results obtained are correlated with existing concepts based on the analysis of the works of the writer and playwright. Laziness, poverty, eccentricity, calmness in the face of adversity are features that form a collective image of a philosopher similar to the ancient Cynic or Stoic. These features arouse in A. Chekhov a predominantly ironic attitude, which is reflected in the intonation of the letters and generally coincides with the ideas of his works. The writer does not identify himself with the philosopher, although he is keenly interested in contemporary philosophical ideas and reflects on them through literary creativity. The author believes that A. Chekhov does not position himself as a philosopher, he is a “philosophical writer” , a follower of the great tradition of Russian literature laid down by his predecessors — A. Herzen, V. Belinsky, F. Dostoevsky, L. Tolstoy.
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Abbasova, Sadagat. "THE CHARACTERISTICS AND APPROACHES OF IMMANENCE CRITICISM IN DORIS LESSING’S NOVEL OF “THE GOLDEN NOTEBOOK”." SCIENTIFIC WORK 15, no. 2 (March 9, 2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/63/6-10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Unlike the XIX century, literary culture of the XX century made a strong aesthetic leap in women’s identity. This process has caused to the emergence of a large number of new generation women writers in world literature and moreover, these writers had succeeded in revealing a real and contemporary literary phenomenon, such as “immanence- immanentism” which is focused on female landscapes in their stories and novels. In general, the works of “immanence” authors have a feminist background. As a doctrine, imamnence is used to explain the connection with the spiritual world, which is confirmed by some philosophical and metaphysical theories and critics. But later, immanence was replaced by Kant as a philosophical concept, and this awareness began to include a philosophical disposition perceived by the senses on the basis of personal experience. Lessing, who donated many works to world culture, created a portrait of the physical and spiritual characteristics of people (especially women) with her strong logic and talent in all her stories and novels and tried to explain in detail the special feelings that exist in them. With the help of this concept, Lessing aimed not only to represent the love experiences and emotional vibrations of women in her novels, but also to present a strong and courageous woman in a socio-cultural and political context, unlike female literature. In this paper is discussed, the feature elements of immanent culture in Doris Lessing’s novel in (“The Golden Notebook”). In the novel, Lessing interprets the classic drama of a woman of art who is free ones like as herself and in their examples, examines the potential and profiles of creative women seeking their place in social society. In her works, Doris Lessing reproduces the female perspective in the universe by thinking from the prism of immanentism and pays particular attention to the psychology of female characters and the identification of their inner states of heroes. Based on all of these, the author also refers to the expanding principle of women sovereignty regarding the rights and the status of women in society. At the same time, Lessing also explores the possibility of a relationship based on the concept of mundane reality as an alternative to romantic love parodies of postmodernism, and with this in mind, she erects a “protective wall” against the expansion of the “Western world” in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe). Key words: existence, immanence, Sufism, "The Golden Notebook", socio-cultural
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Winckler, Reto. "Profound farce." Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 97, no. 1 (January 10, 2018): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0184767817750668.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As the genre of farce more generally, Shakespeare’s early farce The Comedy of Errors is often dismissed as superficial because of its farcical elements, or its farcical nature is downplayed by well-meaning critics. In this essay, I argue that it is precisely in its farcical superficiality that the play unfolds sceptical philosophical potential. Employing concepts developed by Ludwig Wittgenstein and Stanley Cavell, I try to show how this farce, in comically unsettling the very foundations of human language, culture and identity, gestures at uncomfortable truths about the fundamental conventionality of human nature and society.
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Rzayev, B. V. "Types of Conceptualization of Horror in the Genres of Country Noir and Southern Gothic." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2024): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2024-1-29-129-141.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of considering the semantic content of the concept of horror, which connects the genres of country noir and southern gothic into a single subsystem of cultural semiotics, is due to the need for a more detailed study of the specifics of both the generalizing concept itself and its role in specific genres of literature and cinema. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to trace the features of the semantic registers of disclosing various types of horror in the philosophical and hermeneutic field of the genres of country noir and southern gothic. To do this, 1) the theoretical foundations for the conceptualization of horror in these genres are determined and the key elements and mechanisms of concept implementation are identified; 2) the narrative and metaphorical series of deployment of the concepts are analyzed within the framework of the lifeworlds of the characters in literary texts constructed by the authors; 3) philosophical and hermeneutic layers through which these concepts are revealed in selected genres are identified. The research methods are based on philosophical-hermeneutic, conceptual, and narrative approaches in the analysis of a number of works, chosen by their genre and the degree of their relevance for a particular type of conceptualization of horror. For example, the works No Country for Old Men by Cormac McCarthy, Winter’s Bone by Daniel Woodrell, The Salt of the Earth by Flannery O’Connor, The Last Good Kiss by James Crumley, The Sound and the Fury by William Faulkner, as well as the movie What Josiah Saw. The sequence of works referred to in the text is determined by the sequence of presentation of the types of the concept of horror. As a result of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed that the conceptualization of horror as a violation of the usual course of determination reveals itself in three versions of the ontologizing of this experience: horror of an uncertain world (determination dependent on the frame of perception of the subject, acting as an expression of the radical external, outside the power of the subject), horror of an indefinite self (determined as the order of the surrounding world with uncertainty in the inner world of the individual), horror of invasion (determination to displace each other). The conclusion is that the study of horror as a result of a violation of the usual course of determination in the context of country noir and southern gothic allows not only to identify their implicit philosophical and cultural component, but also to better understand these genres, as well as expand the theoretical basis for the analysis of similar phenomena in other cultural and literary traditions.
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Abidin, Azmil Zainal. "Tafsiran Eksistensialisme Terhadap Makna Kewujudan Manusia: Analisis Kritis Muhammad Sa`id Ramdan Al-Buti." Journal of Usuluddin 51, no. 1 (June 26, 2023): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/usuluddin.vol51no1.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Philosophical discussions have attempted to understand the human identity through various interpretations. After the First and Second World Wars, existentialism that focussed on aspects of the human existence as a central theme of philosophy emerged. Man is ‘thrown’ into this world and is 'punished' in order to be free. Aguish and death foreshadow man who is forced to create meaning and purpose in life. Freedom is considered the 'essence' of human beings who have responsibilities thus are required to make decisions based on freedom of choices. This article identified the main premise of existentialism in interpreting the meaning of human existence. The article also evaluated the interpretation based on Muhammad Sa`id Ramadan al-Buti's perspective through a critical analysis. The writing was based on literature research through the documentation method in collecting data related to the research question and the data analysis method, which is a process to detect the form of data in order to make interpretations. The understanding of existentialism was found to be more dominated by philosophical and psychological speculation due to the experiences of modern human suffering. From the epistemological aspect, it also influenced the metaphysical and axiological ontological perspectives that led to the concept of absolute human freedom in thinking and actions.
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Akhmet Shimshek, Haсi. "Philosophy as the basis for the civilization development of society." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History. Philosophy series 112, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023ph4/285-291.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The work deals with the relationship between civilization and philosophy, defining the relationship and features of culture and philosophy, culture and civilization. The concepts of a civilized person, personality, and social identity are comparatively analyzed, and the place of philosophy in the formation of a civilized society is defined. Man is the creator of the world. Through its actions over the centuries, it has shaped, changed and transformed the world. The material and spiritual wealth he discovered became a heritage that was collected under the name of “civilization” and passed down from generation to generation. The guardian of this heritage is philosophy. Philosophy took the leading role in the understanding of the human world, under its guidance civilizations developed and continued from generation to generation. In the same way, civilizations contributed to the development of philosophical thought through their accumulation. Great civilizations are based on the fundamental principles of their philosophy. The influence of these three elements, human, social and environmental factors, is very important in the emergence of philosophy as a science. In the concept of civilization lies the material and spiritual accumulation of society; culture, art and literature are mainly products of philosophy. There is a distinct structure between these two concepts in this context. Any civilization is based on these values.
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Fagenblat, Michael. "Response." AJS Review 35, no. 1 (April 2011): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009411000109.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
My reading of Levinas's magnificent philosophical works, Totality and Infinity and Otherwise than Being is based on two primary convictions. The first is that Levinas's philosophical works, in which he addresses and enjoins people without regard for identity (without regard for peoplehood and law), were produced out of strong readings of the Judaic tradition. Samuel Moyn showed how deeply Levinas was nurtured by interwar Protestant philosophical theology, and I sought to show that it was also possible to read Levinas's philosophy through the rabbinic tradition. Whereas Moyn's outstanding work shrugged off Levinas's Judaism as an “invention,” I regard Levinas as a midrashic philosopher whose account of ethics amounts to a non-Jewish Judaism—non-Jewish since it is addressed to anyone, yet Judaism since, in my view, it is midrashically determined from the ground up. Most of the book attempts to show how Levinas's philosophy works as a reading of core concepts from the Judaic tradition and thereby as a phenomenological midrash of biblical, rabbinic, and Maimonidean texts, all of which Levinas knew well.
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Nabytovych, Ihor. "MEMORY, HISTORICAL PROSE AND FORMATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY." Слово і Час, no. 4 (August 10, 2022): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2022.04.45-57.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Historical prose as a component of national literature is an essential part of the cultural life of modern nations. One of its tasks is to form the cultural memory of large groups that create national communities, structure the past and preserve its integrity and uniqueness.
The historical prose of Ukrainian emigration eloquently demonstrates mutual projections of memory and the formation of national conscience and identity. The prose of emigration as an exile can serve as a relief and expressive evidence of the formation and interpenetration of the main ideas and concepts, ideological and aesthetic figurative paradigm, formed on the border of memory, history, and literature. This is how historical prose is seen as a purposeful policy of memory.
For societies where the state tradition was interrupted, historical prose can be considered an important factor in restoring/maintaining national memory, as well as a means of creating national myths, projecting the past on the modern problems of a stateless nation, and preserving the national traditions.
Historical prose of Ukrainian emigration had these tasks in mind, taking responsibility for the national philosophical perspective rooted in the past in order to preserve and increase it in the future. The idea of self-discovery through one’s own history is, in particular, an important element in the existence of Ukrainian emigration: in this case, we talk about national self-knowledge in a community that tries to preserve its national identity and fix it not only in oral tradition but also in scholarly historical research and historical prose.
Historical fiction of the 20th-century Ukrainian emigration was a means of discovering the sources of traditions in the past that directly influences modernity, and an attempt to build a historiosophical literary model that would reveal the forgotten past, show the causes of current problems, and point out the way to future.