Добірка наукової літератури з теми "IDE de nuit"

In Toronto’s 2007 Nuit Blanche festivities, people searched the streets for a non-existent, interactive performance piece called Assbook. One blogger wrote, “[B]ecause it sounded irreverent (and because we thought we might get to see some skin) we scoured Kensington Market for Assbook, but the exhibit was nowhere to be found” (Rockr and Junkii). One of the supposed Assbook artists, I was approached all night by people asking about the artwork. Where is it? Why aren’t you going through with Assbook, Heather? How on earth did something called Assbook end up being such a popular discussion piece at the “art carpet-bombing”1 event known as Nuit Blanche? How did such a juvenile idea find its way into the prestigious, all-night, place-marketing spectacle?

Wie lassen sich romanistische Korpora hinsichtlich ihrer literarischen Themen mit digitalen Methoden explorativ erforschen? Im Kontext des Verbundprojekts „Mining and Modeling Text” wurde Topic Modeling mit MALLET (McCallum 2002) auf ein Korpus von 80 französischen Romanen aus der Zeit von 1750 bis 1800 (Röttgermann et al. 2020) angewandt. Ziel des Topic Modeling-Ansatzes ist es dabei, Aussagen über die Themen von Werken zu treffen, die in Form von RDF-Tripeln in ein auf Wikibase basierendes Wissensnetzwerk einfließen. Die über­geordnete, interdisziplinäre und neuartige Idee ist es dabei, datenbasierte Literatur­­geschichtsschreibung zu betreiben. Neben der Informationsextraktion aus Primärtexten speist sich das Wissensnetzwerk auch aus bereits digitalisierten biblio­graphischen Daten (Martin, Mylne & Frautschi 1977; Lüschow 2019). Im Zusammenspiel dieser beiden Informationsflüsse lässt sich über ein gemeinsames kontrolliertes Vokabular ein aufschlussreicher Datenabgleich vollziehen: Welche Themen der Werke wurden durch die Bibliograph:innen identifiziert und welche Topics treten durch den Topic Modeling-Algorithmus zutage? Zwei Fallstudien zu Choderlos de Laclos und Xavier de Maistre exemplifizieren die Vorgehensweise und das Potential dieses Ansatzes.

Nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes, or “numts”, are nonfunctional copies of mitochondrial genes that have been translocated to the nuclear genome. Numts have been used to study differences in mutation rates between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, but have also been implicated as troublesome for phylogenetic studies and DNA-based species identification (i.e., DNA barcoding). In this study, a suspected numt discovered during a study of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) diversity in North American birds was targeted and sequenced from tyrant flycatchers (family: Tyrannidae). In total, the numt was found in five taxa representing two genera. Substitution rates were compared between COI and numt sequences. None of the numt sequences harboured stop codons nor frameshift mutations, but phylogenetic analysis revealed they had accumulated more amino acid substitutions than the mitochondrial COI sequences. Mitochondrial COI appeared to be preferentially amplified in most cases, but methods for numt detection are discussed for cases like this where sequences lack obvious features for identification. Because of its persistence across a broad taxonomic lineage, this numt could form a valuable model system for studying evolution in numts. The full size of the numt and its location within the nuclear genome are yet to be determined.

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie zasadniczych idei libertarianizmu. Do głównych przedstawicieli libertarianizmu należą m.in.: Jay A. Nock, Ayn Rand, Robert Nozick, Murray N. Rothbard i Hans H. Hoppe. Libertarianizm jako odłam liberalizmu wyróżnia wiele doktryn, nurtów i ruchów, można o nim powiedzieć, że jest to nurt kulturowy, teoria filozoficzna lub ideologia. Uważa się, że libertarianizm powinien być traktowany przede wszystkim jako odmiana liberalizmu, zwłaszcza liberalizmu klasycznego jako pewnej doktryny życia społeczno-politycznego (mającej jednak pewne założenia metafizyczno-antropologiczne) i próba jej konsekwentnego rozwinięcia. Pomimo różnych odmian libertarianizmu, wśród których jedne są radykalne, inne zaś umiarkowane, może być on scharakteryzowany za pomocą kilku zasadniczych idei, do których należą idea wolnej jednostki, własności prywatnej i wolnego rynku, sprawiedliwości, praw człowieka, krytyki państwa i wspierania społeczeństwa obywatelskiego.

SUMMARYThis study was aimed at comparing in-field parameters and remote sensing NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) by both satellite (SAT) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for the assessment of early nitrogen (N) status and prediction of yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Six increasing N rates, i.e., 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 kg N ha−1 were applied, half at tillering and half at shooting. Thus, when the crop N status was monitored between the two N applications, consecutive N treatments differentiated from each other by just 20 kg N ha−1. The following in-field and remote sensed parameters were compared as indicators of crop vegetative and N status: plant N% (w:w) concentration; crop N uptake (Nupt); ratio between transmitted and incident photosynthetically active radiation (PARt/PARi); leaf SPAD values, an indirect index for chlorophyll content; SAT and UAV derived NDVI. As reliable indicators of wheat N availability, in-field parameters were ranked as follows: PARt/PARi ≅ Nupt > SPAD ≅ N%. The PARt/PARi, Nupt and SPAD resulted quite strongly correlated to each other. At all crop stages, the NDVI was strongly correlated with PARt/PARi and Nupt. It is of relevance that NDVI correlated quite strongly to in-field parameters and grain yield at shooting, i.e., before the second N application, when the N rate can still be adjusted. The SAT and UAV NDVIs were strongly correlated to each other, which means they can be used alternatively depending on the context.

NUST in Zimbabwe grapples with a significant challenge. Despite enrolling many students in chemical engineering, the nation lacks operational industries. Consequently, graduates often encounter difficulties securing employment or attachment placements post-graduation. This underscores the critical need to foster student entrepreneurship, encouraging innovation and idea generation. The study employed a mixed-methods research design to address this issue, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The quantitative aspect utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design, while the qualitative component involved conducting focus group interviews with chemical engineering students in the experimental group. The findings from both approaches complemented each other, providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing entrepreneurial propensity among NUST chemical engineering students. Data collection involved distributing research instruments and questionnaires to NUST students and individuals associated with the mining and pharmaceutical industries. The collected data were then entered into an Excel spreadsheet, allowing for the recording of respondents' numbers alongside their respective responses. The study applied descriptive statistics to evaluate responses and their alignment with research objectives, revealing barriers to entrepreneurial inclination among NUST chemical engineering students, such as limited resources, risk aversion, inadequate entrepreneurial education, and cultural norms. Students benefited from personal motivation, a supportive educational atmosphere, networking opportunities, and exposure to innovative ideas. These factors nurtured self-determination, social networking, and an entrepreneurial mindset. To foster entrepreneurial spirit among NUST chemical engineering students, the study suggests educational reforms, mentorship programs, and potential policy changes create an enabling environment, empowering students to pursue entrepreneurship and contribute to economic growth.

Focusing on three of Dutilleux's mid to late orchestral works - "Timbres, espace, movement ou La Nuit etoile" (1978), "The Shadows of Time" (1997) and "Sur le meme accord" (2002) - this article gives insight into Henri Dutilleux's scale-defined pitch organization techniques and the role of colour in the works of the French composer. The paper questions the ambiguous relationship between tonality and modality, and asserts the previously only peripherally attested importance of modes for Dutilleux's works. An analysis of pitch organization demonstrates how Dutilleux's aesthetic and literature-inspired concepts of "progressive growing" function musically by foregrounding pivot chords or notes, and how their return reflects the idea of involuntary memory ("memo ire involuntaire") derived from Marcel Proust's "A la recherche du temps perdu".

An experiment sturdy has been carried out for jet impingement cooling on the spherically convex surface is the development of mechanism. The effect of curvature, Space between jet exit and target surface, and Reynolds number on heat transfer is investigated for around air jet on hemispherical surface. The flow at the jet exit has fully developed velocity profile. A uniform heat flux boundary is created on the heated surface. The experiments are performed for 5000<Re<25000, 2<L/d<10, and jet diameters ranging from 1.3, 2.1, 3.4, 4.0 and 5.2 cm. In the mean time effect of curvature on local heat transfer is negligible at the wall jet region corresponding to r/d>0.5. From the experimental results the variation of the D/d ratio with local Nusselt number (Nust) for various Reynolds numbers and various L/d ratios are plotted. The results show that Nust increase with increase in curvature and the effect of the curvature will high at high Reynolds number. i.e. Nust at Re=25000 is 25% higher than at Re= 5000 This may be attributed to an increase in curvature increases acceleration, & size of three dimensional counter rotating vortices at stagnation point and the increment of Reynolds number increases the jet momentum, and also enhances the vortices creation. Nust is peaking in the L/d ratio of 6 because of high turbulence intensity as this distance.

W artykule zarysowano program naprawczy samorządu terytorialnego w oparciu o nowy prąd doktrynalny – personalizm społeczny. Wskazuje on nowe możliwości reformowania ustroju i funkcjonowania samorządu, postaw osobowych. Jest to nowa droga rozwoju społeczności lokalnych promująca idee i wiedzę humanistyczną, etyczną, próbuje skorygować dominujący nurt liberalizmu, który coraz bardziej podlega degeneracji.

Respiration and stem water potential ( psi ) were examined in parental and hybrid big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. tridentata and Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle) grown in common gardens within each parental zone and in the hybrid zone. Plants were sampled in July, August, and September, i.e., immediately before, during, and after flowering. The habitats differed from one another, and there were significant garden by date interactions. The source populations also differed significantly from one another. There were no significant garden by source interactions. Hybrid plants had intermediate respiration rates and did not suffer greater water stress than parental plants. Hybrid plants showed no apparent decrease in adaptation in the important physiological traits respiration and water stress in the hybrid zone.Key words: Artemisia, hybrid zones, respiration, water potential.

Cette thèse étudie comment des infirmier.es de nuit prennent la décision de recourir ou non à l'hôpital en cas d'urgence gériatrique en EHPAD. Le raisonnement clinique et la prise de décision chez des infirmiers sont rarement documentés. L'expérimentation « IDE de nuit » des projets paerpa offrait l'occasion de les étudier au prisme de l'âge et de l'incertitude dans un contexte d'urgence. Elle a aussi permis d'étudier l'épreuve organisationnelle que constitue une telle innovation. En mobilisant une approche interactionniste et sociocognitive et en nous fondant sur une enquête ethnographique trois années durant, nous avons saisi in situ le raisonnement et le jugement infirmiers à l'épreuve de l'urgence et du contexte expérimental. Cette recherche éclaire plusieurs aspects : comment le care est mobilisé au service du cure ; comment l'urgence constitue une construction, qui est influencée par le rôle joué par le patient âgé et ses aides-soignantes ; comment les compétences qui font l'innovation s'élaborent à l'épreuve de l'irréversibilité des actions et des résultats ; comment et quand commence et se termine une innovation organisationnelle dans un contexte expérimental ; enfin, comment tous ces éléments participent à définir l'économie morale qui s'est mise en place autour des personnes âgées vivant en EHPAD, cibles de cette innovation.Mot clés : urgence gériatrique, prise de décision, innovation organisationnelle, IDE de nuit, expérimentation, paerpa, le 15, recours à l'hôpital, aides-soignantes, EHPAD
This thesis studies how night-shift nurses decide whether or not to resort to the hospital to deal with geriatric emergency cases in a nursing home. Clinical reasoning and decision-making among nurses are rarely documented. The “IDE de nuit” experimentation of Paerpa's projects offered the opportunity to study them through the prism of age and uncertainty in the context of an emergency. It also made it possible to study the organizational test that such an innovation constitutes. Through an interactionist and socio-cognitive approach and based on an ethnographic investigation lasting three years, we captured in situ nurses' reasoning and judgment while dealing with emergency cases in an experimental context. This research sheds light on several aspects: how care is mobilized in the service of the cure; how the emergency constitutes a social construction, which is influenced by the role played by the elderly patient and his caregivers; how the skills that drive innovation are developed and conditioned by the irreversibility of the actions and their results; how and when an organizational innovation begins and ends in an experimental context; finally, how all these elements contribute to defining the moral economy that has been made up and created around elderly people living in EHPADs, targets of this innovation.Keywords: geriatric emergency, decision-making, organizational innovation, IDE de nuit, experimentation, paerpa, le 15, SAMU, hospital, nursing assistants, EHPAD

Music Performance
D.M.A.
Tel jour, telle nuit, a song cycle set to nine poems by Paul Éluard from his collections Les yeux fertiles and Facile, is a hallmark of Francis Poulenc’s mature style and was for the 20th-century mélodie cycle what Fauré’s La Bonne Chanson was for the previous generation. Musicologist and critic Roland Manuel compared Poulenc’s monumental cycle with Schubert’s Die Winterreise and Schumann’s Dichterliebe (Bernac 1977, 97). This work marked a change in the composer’s style, is unique in his output as a true cycle, and is a triumphant marriage of poetry and music. Tel Jour, telle nuit is a true cycle—rather than a collection of songs—from which individual songs cannot be excerpted. Although most of Poulenc’s mélodies are parts of cycles or collections, it is not until Tel Jour, telle nuit that we see evidence of song cycle elements in the Schumann and Schubert tradition, including the collocation of moods, tempi, and keys, the use of transitional songs, shared material and an extended piano postlude (Daniel 1982, 264-265). The varied design of the individual songs for the purpose of function within the cycle as a whole and the shared spirit of interdisciplinary artistic collaboration in both composer and poet sets this work apart as a masterpiece of twentieth-century song literature. In a journal entry Poulenc uses the term mélodies tremplin to identify transitional songs whose function is merely to act as a springboard into the next song. The composer also identifies other songs in Tel Jour, telle nuit as mélodies de cycle, songs he felt could not function outside of the parameters of the cycle (Poulenc 1985, 77). The cycle’s carefully-constructed rhythmic structure is a good candidate for an Edward Cone-style rhythmic analysis, which I believe would support the composer’s suggestion that a song cycle must contain a hierarchy of songs based on cyclical function. This study is an analysis of the hypermeter, key relationships, and distinct musical character changes of each song. I will offer specific interpretive suggestions derived from the analyses, including the dramatic relationship to the poetry.
Temple University--Theses

La biodiversité des microalgues offre un grand nombre d'espèces pouvant être utilisées comme source de sucres et de triacylglycérol pour biocarburants. Parachlorella kessleri et Nannochloropsis gaditana sont deux souches prometteuses pour cet usage. Différentes dynamiques d’accumulation en sucres et TAG ont été mesurés en avant pour ces deux souches, menant à un potentiel différent d'énergie totale récupérable. P. kessleri a montré un bon potentiel pour le biodiesel et un fort potentiel pour le bioéthanol, contrairement à N. gaditana qui nécessite une optimisation préférentielle de la production et de la récupération de TAG pour le biodiesel, principalement en raison d’un plus forte teneur en TAG mais aussi de l'augmentation de la résistance mécanique dans des conditions de stress et des cycles jour-nuit. Il a été proposé un protocole pour produire du TAG sous limitation d'azotée, cycles jour-nuit et mode de production continu. Dans le cadre de ce dernier protocole, les TAG libérés pour l'extraction par voie humide ont été de 1,4 g/m2-j. Le processus d'extraction humide en soit a également été optimisé. Le broyage des billes a permis de détruire 80 % des cellules carencées pour un temps de séjour d'environ 6 minutes. Ensuite, l’extraction centrifuge en continu a permis de récupérer les 84 % de TAG libérés en utilisant 8,9 ml/min de 2-méthyltétra- hydrofurane. Ces résultats ont été intégrés dans une simulation du procédé global, permettant d'identifier les opérations critiques basé sur l’analyse du NER, ainsi qu’en proposant une double récupération de biocarburants liquides (BioEthanol + BioDiesel)
Microalgae biodiversity offers large number of species with the potential to be used as source of carbohydrates and triacylglycerol for biofuels. Parachlorella kessleri and Nannochloropsis gaditana are two promising strains for biofuel production. The different dynamics of carbohydrates and TAG accumulation for both strains, exposed also different potential of total recoverable energy for biofuels. P. kessleri showed a good potential for biodiesel and high potential for bioethanol; in contrast to N. gaditana which presented larger TAG content but also requires a preferential optimization on the TAG production and recovery for biodiesel mainly because of the increase in mechanical resistance during stress conditions and day-night cycles. It was proposed a protocol to produce TAG under nitrogen limitation, day-night cycles and continuous production mode. Under the latter protocol, released TAG for the Wet-extraction downstream were 1.4 g/m2·d. Downstream wet-extraction process was also optimized. Bead milling disrupted 80\% of the starved cells in ~6 min residence time. Then, by the following continuous centrifugal extraction, it was recovered the 84% of released TAG using 8.9 mL/min of 2-methyl-tetra-hydrofuran. These results were integrated in a whole-process simulation, allowing to identify the critical operations based on NER analysis, and proposing, as well, a double liquid biofuel recovery (BioEthanol + BioDiesel)

Dance
Ph.D.
Mark Morris is deeply engaged with dance traditions and the classics, but he transforms them into modern, eclectic pieces. He often dissolves the distinctions between reality and fantasy, and good and evil, emphasizing reconciliation and love. Morris sculpts his own story and characters from musical elements within the overarching musical structure, portraying the characters and their emotions through detailed variations of movement quality. Characterizing Morris' dual attitudes as ambivalence, this study aims to highlight the dynamic structure and complexity of meaning in his works. I suggest that Morris' ambivalence is related to his perspective, the way he sees the world.
Temple University--Theses

It has been shown that representing data with the right visualization increases the understanding of qualitative and quantitative information encoded in documents. However, current tools for generating such visualizations involve the use of traditional WIMP techniques, which perhaps makes free interaction and direct manipulation of the content harder. In this thesis, we present a pen-based prototype for data visualization using 10 different types of bar based charts. The prototype lets users sketch a chart and interact with the information once the drawing is identified. The prototype's user interface consists of an area to sketch and touch based elements that will be displayed depending on the context and nature of the outline. Brainstorming and live presentations can benefit from the prototype due to the ability to visualize and manipulate data in real time. We also perform a short, informal user study to measure effectiveness of the tool while recognizing sketches and users acceptance while interacting with the system. Results show SketChart strengths and weaknesses and areas for improvement.
M.S.
Masters
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science

Tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus L) are recognized as a high potential, alternative source of food nutrients. However, there is limited scientific literature on the technological possibilities for developing value-added foods, such as fermented products from tiger nut milk. Therefore, strategies for producing and improving the properties of fermented tiger nut milk were investigated for generating lactose-free, nutritious yogurt-like products with acceptable sensory properties and a prolonged shelf life quality. A wet-milling procedure was standardized for extracting tiger nut milk from tiger nuts, and the effects of the extraction process on nutrient distribution, colour properties and colloidal stability of the milk were analyzed. Next, tiger nut milk was enriched with proteins and/or hydrocolloids and the impact of the additives on the physical properties of the milk were determined. Enriched tiger nut milk was fermented by using classical yogurt cultures and the obtained products were analyzed for the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory characteristics. Additionally, effects of enriching tiger nut milk with microbial transglutaminase cross-linked proteins on the microbiological and physico-chemical properties were evaluated. Higher wet-milling intensity improved the nutrient composition, colloidal stability and colour of the milk. Enrichment of tiger nut milk with milk proteins and xanthan gum enhanced the viscosity and stability, and after fermentation, led to homogenous gel-like products with superior microbiological, physico-chemical and different sensory properties compared to the fermented plain tiger nut milk. Microbial transglutaminase cross-linked proteins improved the physical characteristics of the fermented product, especially during storage. This product would be relevant in many developing countries with high prevalence of lactose intolerance, limited access to nutritious food but show a high distribution of tiger nut vegetation.:1. Introduction and aim 1 2. Literature review 4 2.1 Tiger nut, origin, nutritional value and food use 4 2.2 Tiger nut milk, preparation and nutrient composition 7 2.3 Colloidal characteristics of tiger nut milk 9 2.4 Factors accounting for the dispersion stability of tiger nut milk 10 2.5 Enhancing tiger nut milk stability 12 2.6 Properties of fermented tiger nut milk 17 2.7 Microbial transglutaminase and properties of fermented tiger nut milk 18 3. Methodology 21 3.1 Extraction and characterisation of tiger nut milk 21 3.1.1 Sample collection and preparation 21 3.1.2 Tiger nut milk extraction 21 3.1.3 Nutrient analysis of tiger nuts 22 3.1.4 Analysis of tiger nut products 23 3.1.5 Particle size distribution 24 3.1.6 Colloidal stability 25 3.1.7 Colour measurement 25 3.2 Stabilisation of tiger nut milk dispersion 26 3.2.1 Tiger nut milk preparation 26 3.2.2 Preparation of tiger nut milk enrichments 26 3.2.3 Gravitational stability of enriched tiger nut milk 27 3.2.4 Accelerated gravitational stability of enriched tiger nut milk 28 3.2.5 Viscosity of TNM mixtures 29 3.3 Extraction and characterisation of globular tiger nut proteins 29 3.3.1 Protein extraction and fractionation 29 3.3.2 Molecular mass of globular tiger nut proteins 31 3.3.3 Denaturation temperature of globular tiger nut proteins 32 3.3.4 Isoelectric point of globular tiger nut protein 33 3.4 Properties of fermented tiger nut milk enriched with proteins 34 3.4.1 Materials and Reagents 34 3.4.2 Preparation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 34 3.4.3 Fermentation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 35 3.4.4 Viable counts of starter cultures in fermented tiger nut milk systems 36 3.4.5 Chemical analysis of unfermented and fermented tiger nut milk 36 3.4.6 Physical analysis of fermented tiger nut milk products 37 3.4.7 Sensory analysis of fermented tiger nut milk products 38 3.5 Microbial transglutaminase and fermented tiger nut milk property 38 3.5.1 Preparation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 38 3.5.2 Fermentation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 39 3.5.3 Analysis of the enzymatically cross-linked proteins 39 3.5.4 Viable counts 40 3.5.5 pH and titratable acidity 40 3.5.6 Syneresis and viscosity 41 3.5.7 Colour of fermented tiger nut products 41 3.6 Statistical analysis 41 4. Results and discussion 43 4.1 Extraction and characteristics of tiger nut milk 43 4.1.1 Material recovery, mass transfer and yield of tiger nut solids 43 4.1.2 Nutrient composition of tiger nut products 45 4.1.3 Physical properties of tiger nut milk 48 4.1.3.1 Particle size distribution of extracted tiger nut milk 48 4.1.3.2 Colloidal stability of tiger nut milk 49 4.1.3.3 Colour stability of tiger nut milk 51 4.2 Stabilisation of tiger nut milk 53 4.2.1 Effects of enrichments on the stability of tiger nut milk 53 4.2.2 Effects of pH and temperature on the stability of enriched TNM 56 4.2.3 Effects of enrichments on the rheology of tiger nut milk 58 4.3 Tiger nut protein extraction and characterisation 60 4.3.1 Protein extraction and fractionation 60 4.3.2 Molecular mass of tiger nut protein 62 4.3.3 Thermal denaturation of tiger nut protein 63 4.3.4 Isoelectric point of tiger nut proteins 66 4.4 Properties of fermented tiger nut milk enriched with proteins 67 4.4.1 Acidification and gel formation during fermentation 67 4.4.2 Microbiological properties of fermented enriched tiger nut milk 70 4.4.3 Physico-chemical properties of fermented enriched tiger nut milk 71 4.4.4 Sensory properties of fermented tiger nut milk products 76 4.5 Microbial transglutaminase and fermented tiger nut milk property 77 4.5.1 Effects on tiger nut milk fermentation 77 4.5.2 Microbiological properties during storage of fermented product 81 4.5.3 Physico-chemical properties during storage of fermented product 83 4.5.4 Effects on colour of fermented tiger nut product 86 5. Conclusions and outlook 88 Bibliography 90 List of figures 111 List of tables 115 List of Publications 116 Poster and presentations 116
Erdmandeln (Cyperus esculentus L) haben ein hohes Potential als alternative Quelle Lebensmittelinhaltsstoffen. Allerdings gibt es nur in begrenztem Ausmaß Literatur über technologische Möglichkeiten zur Entwicklung von Mehrwert-Lebensmitteln wie fermentierter Erdmandelmilch. Daher wurden Strategien zur Herstellung und Verbesserung der Eigenschaften von fermentierter Erdmandelmilch zur Erzeugung laktosefreier joghurtähnlicher Produkte mit akzeptablen sensorischen Eigenschaften untersucht. Für die Extraktion der Erdmandelmilch wurde ein Nassmahlverfahren standardisiert und der Einfluss des Verfahrens auf die Nährstoffverteilung, die Farbeigenschaften und die kolloidale Stabilität der Milch analysiert. Als nächstes wurde Erdmandelmilch mit Proteinen und/oder Hydrokolloiden angereichert, und der Einfluss der Additive auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Extrakts bestimmt. Angereicherte Erdmandelmilch wurde mit klassischen Joghurtkulturen fermentiert, und die mikrobiologischen, physikalisch-chemischen und sensorischen Eigenschaften der Produkte wurden untersucht. Zusätzlich wurden Effekte der Anreicherung von Erdmandelmilch mit enzymatisch vernetzten Proteinen auf die mikrobiologischen und physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften bewertet. Eine höhere Nassmahlintensität verbesserte die Nährstoffzusammensetzung, die kolloidale Stabilität und die Farbe der Milch. Die Anreicherung erhöhte die Viskosität und Stabilität und führte nach der Fermentation zu homogenen gelartigen Produkten mit verbesserten mikrobiologischen, physikalisch-chemischen und sensorischen Eigenschaften im Vergleich zur fermentierten Erdmandelmilch. Mikrobielle Transglutaminase-vernetzte Proteine verbesserten die physikalischen Eigenschaften des fermentierten Produkts, insbesondere während der Lagerung. Dieses Produkt wäre in vielen Entwicklungsländern mit hoher Prävalenz von Laktoseintoleranz und begrenztem Zugang zu nahrhaften Lebensmitteln als Alternative von Interesse.:1. Introduction and aim 1 2. Literature review 4 2.1 Tiger nut, origin, nutritional value and food use 4 2.2 Tiger nut milk, preparation and nutrient composition 7 2.3 Colloidal characteristics of tiger nut milk 9 2.4 Factors accounting for the dispersion stability of tiger nut milk 10 2.5 Enhancing tiger nut milk stability 12 2.6 Properties of fermented tiger nut milk 17 2.7 Microbial transglutaminase and properties of fermented tiger nut milk 18 3. Methodology 21 3.1 Extraction and characterisation of tiger nut milk 21 3.1.1 Sample collection and preparation 21 3.1.2 Tiger nut milk extraction 21 3.1.3 Nutrient analysis of tiger nuts 22 3.1.4 Analysis of tiger nut products 23 3.1.5 Particle size distribution 24 3.1.6 Colloidal stability 25 3.1.7 Colour measurement 25 3.2 Stabilisation of tiger nut milk dispersion 26 3.2.1 Tiger nut milk preparation 26 3.2.2 Preparation of tiger nut milk enrichments 26 3.2.3 Gravitational stability of enriched tiger nut milk 27 3.2.4 Accelerated gravitational stability of enriched tiger nut milk 28 3.2.5 Viscosity of TNM mixtures 29 3.3 Extraction and characterisation of globular tiger nut proteins 29 3.3.1 Protein extraction and fractionation 29 3.3.2 Molecular mass of globular tiger nut proteins 31 3.3.3 Denaturation temperature of globular tiger nut proteins 32 3.3.4 Isoelectric point of globular tiger nut protein 33 3.4 Properties of fermented tiger nut milk enriched with proteins 34 3.4.1 Materials and Reagents 34 3.4.2 Preparation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 34 3.4.3 Fermentation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 35 3.4.4 Viable counts of starter cultures in fermented tiger nut milk systems 36 3.4.5 Chemical analysis of unfermented and fermented tiger nut milk 36 3.4.6 Physical analysis of fermented tiger nut milk products 37 3.4.7 Sensory analysis of fermented tiger nut milk products 38 3.5 Microbial transglutaminase and fermented tiger nut milk property 38 3.5.1 Preparation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 38 3.5.2 Fermentation of plain and enriched tiger nut milk 39 3.5.3 Analysis of the enzymatically cross-linked proteins 39 3.5.4 Viable counts 40 3.5.5 pH and titratable acidity 40 3.5.6 Syneresis and viscosity 41 3.5.7 Colour of fermented tiger nut products 41 3.6 Statistical analysis 41 4. Results and discussion 43 4.1 Extraction and characteristics of tiger nut milk 43 4.1.1 Material recovery, mass transfer and yield of tiger nut solids 43 4.1.2 Nutrient composition of tiger nut products 45 4.1.3 Physical properties of tiger nut milk 48 4.1.3.1 Particle size distribution of extracted tiger nut milk 48 4.1.3.2 Colloidal stability of tiger nut milk 49 4.1.3.3 Colour stability of tiger nut milk 51 4.2 Stabilisation of tiger nut milk 53 4.2.1 Effects of enrichments on the stability of tiger nut milk 53 4.2.2 Effects of pH and temperature on the stability of enriched TNM 56 4.2.3 Effects of enrichments on the rheology of tiger nut milk 58 4.3 Tiger nut protein extraction and characterisation 60 4.3.1 Protein extraction and fractionation 60 4.3.2 Molecular mass of tiger nut protein 62 4.3.3 Thermal denaturation of tiger nut protein 63 4.3.4 Isoelectric point of tiger nut proteins 66 4.4 Properties of fermented tiger nut milk enriched with proteins 67 4.4.1 Acidification and gel formation during fermentation 67 4.4.2 Microbiological properties of fermented enriched tiger nut milk 70 4.4.3 Physico-chemical properties of fermented enriched tiger nut milk 71 4.4.4 Sensory properties of fermented tiger nut milk products 76 4.5 Microbial transglutaminase and fermented tiger nut milk property 77 4.5.1 Effects on tiger nut milk fermentation 77 4.5.2 Microbiological properties during storage of fermented product 81 4.5.3 Physico-chemical properties during storage of fermented product 83 4.5.4 Effects on colour of fermented tiger nut product 86 5. Conclusions and outlook 88 Bibliography 90 List of figures 111 List of tables 115 List of Publications 116 Poster and presentations 116

Examines why the book is called Touchstones, moving from a close reading of some key moments in McGahern’s third novel, The Leavetaking where Arnold’s ‘Dover Beach’ is quoted and then onward to his essay, ‘The Study of Poetry’ in which he inaugurates the idea of the touchstone as a useful critical tool for the literary scholar. Also introduces the McGahern papers at NUI Galway which form an important plank for the research.

Abstract What is it that makes a new idea come into people’s heads-a new idea on a subject whereon they have perhaps thought long and earnestly for days or weeks? We have perhaps a hard nut to crack, and see no way of doing it. We turn it over and over, and find no one side more impressible than another. We settle a hundred times that there is nothing to be done with it, but yet we go on looking at it, and trying to find a weak place where we may make an attempt. We turn in despair away, and then from nowhere comes the solution that we have sought so long. Some unconscious cerebration, or other new name for an unknown thing, brings out the new light we sought so long and painfully in vain.

Abstract To a naive observer it is by no means obvious that the sky has the shape of a dome or hemisphere. Indeed, the Egyptians in their art often represented the sky by the sky goddess, Nut, arched over the land, often, though not always, with her back flattened (see fig. 2.1). And the Egyptian hieroglyph for sky (|r~x|) is reminiscent of the flat roof of a long, low building.1 Although the stars themselves suggest no particular shape for the heaven, their motions do suggest a sphere: the Moon, stars, and planets are seen moving on parallel circles, climbing up together from the eastern horizon, crossing the sky, and going down together in the west. Even more suggestive are the circumpolar stars, which can be seen all night long, moving in circles about the celestial pole. Ptolemy pointed to exactly these facts of observation in trying to explain how his remote predecessors had come to the idea of a spherical heaven.2

Abstract When The Enlightened Czar Alexander II of the Russian Empire ordered “cedar-pines”-kedr-to be planted in Finland and Sweden in the 1860s, he had no idea that a century later they would nurture kedrovka, the pine nut-eating birds that liven autumn in Siberia. The 1860s had been years of famine in his western duchies, and the czar’s order was intended to provide long-lived trees that would bear nutritious nuts for many years as a hedge against future crop failures. Kedr nuts were an esteemed food and a source of cooking oil in Siberia, so it seemed only natural to spread this useful tree beyond its precincts. But in Finland the czar’s order was not taken seriously, and resulted mainly in the pro forma establishment of handsome pines for shade in parks, railway stations, and other public places. A seed had been planted, however, and a new tree was introduced into the country.

Modern French town planning discourse was predicated on the idea that better architecture made for better, happier citizens, with rational architectural principles as the means to a fully realised modernity. After 1968, French filmmakers looked to the suburban new towns to voice the ambiguities and contradictions of rapid urbanisation. In Le Chat (Granier-Deferre, 1972), an ageing couple enter a downward social and psychological spiral as new high-rise construction menaces their decrepit suburban villa. The rough-and-ready La Ville bidon (Jacques Baratier, 1976) shows the struggle of junkmen and their marginalised families to resist expropriation at the hands of a town council that aims to develop a new town on a massive dumpsite. A spoof of streamlined post-modern living, Le Couple témoin (William Klein, 1978) parodies new town rhetoric under the guise of social experiment. The chapter concludes with a double reading of Eric Rohmer’s Les Nuits de la pleine lune (1984) and L’Ami de mon amie (1987) which by turns laud the new towns for their blend of leisure and work and deride their programmed aspect. Dysphoric and euphoric elements of suburban living are related to class-based investments and to the elusive prospect of happiness.

A novel task-based conceptual design method introduced around a decade ago has been presented from its most characteristic points including the general idea, usage and modification of previous art, usage and modification of independent sets of functional and mechanical means for implementation of those functions, creation of intermediate mechanical-functional sets supporting the development of new structures like models, visualization of the design process, and so on. The current paper aims to reveal a non-computerized graphically visualized set of actions covering all the above-mentioned major steps of the suggested methodology. The success of synthesizing action greatly depends on the method of creation submechanisms or virtual mechanisms, which are making possible visualization and consideration intermediate structures helping to identify and implement a necessary function. The method of creating of such subcategories and application of elementary movements or set of links for explaining or satisfying demanded set of functions could be considered the main methodical novelty and strength of proposed conceptual design method. Two examples are included: the first reinvention of a known tool—Locking Pliers from database and second synthesis of a novel hand tool—Adjustable Nut Wrench.

In each person’s life a particular place may stand out—a place where one spent a lot of time, a place one grew to love and recall for so many happy memories. Such a place for me was the Shack, on the floodplain of the Wisconsin River. In summertime, standing by the river, it was incredibly quiet, except for the occasional call of a kingfisher. It often seemed that high overhead one could hear a kind of humming. Look up and there were barn swallows turning in the air catching insects. Look down and the surface of the river was always quietly in motion, and rippling against a snag in the shallows. We were a hunting and fishing family. Although camping on weekends early on became a family tradition in Wisconsin, Dad got it into his head to buy a piece of land of our own on which we could camp, hunt, fish, swim, and study nature and even do some bow hunting. He also had a real itch to practice a new idea, ecological restoration, on his own land. At the dedication ceremony of the University of Wisconsin Arboretum on June 17, 1934, Dad told the audience: “The time has come for science to busy itself with the earth itself. The first step is to reconstruct a sample of what we had to start with. That, in a nut shell, is the Arboretum.” He was looking for a place of our own to do just that as well—“a place to show what the land was, what it is, and what it ought to be.” It was in January of 1934; Dad asked an archery friend of his in Prairie du Sac, Ed Ochsner, to help him locate and lease some land near the Wisconsin River. They visited an eighty-acre piece in the south-central part of the state northeast of Baraboo. Dad apparently thought it would fit his purposes. By paying the taxes we could buy the land for just eight dollars an acre.

Oil bodies (OB) are the natural form of energy storage in oilseeds. They consist of a triacylglyceride core stabilized by proteins (mainly oleosins) embedded in a phospholipid membrane. In some tree nut species, OB contain an important amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids that make them interesting food ingredients but prone to oxidation. Due to the growing interest in minimally-processed nut-based beverages, the understanding and the preservation of the physico-chemical properties of these lipoprotein assemblies are of great interest. In this context, previous interfacial studies have led to the proposition of a new model of adsorption for minimally-processed OB that is useful to design functional emulsion or foam in which OB act as emulsifiers. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of processing and fat content on the physico-chemical behavior of tree nut-based matrixes. The interfacial and oxidative behaviors of minimally-processed isolated OB were compared with processed complex nut-based matrixes (i.e. beverages) of different fat content. Processing operations (heat-treatment, homogenization) affected OB interfacial properties and oxidative stability but fat content had even stronger impact on this last parameter, with more concentrated systems more stable to oxidation. The results underline the good physico-chemical stability of tree nut OB, and raise the interest of their use in the minimally-processed form to fully exploit their beneficial properties.

Abstract Normally Unmanned Installation (NUI) is a facility with less severe human consequences because of its minimum manning during normal operations, i.e., 1-3 persons per visit. However, the number of manning increases drastically during well intervention activities. Tens of people dwell in the accommodation building on the liftboat or drilling rig that resides above the NUI platform. This circumstance raises safety issues, especially for the NUI platform with a critical wall thinning in its topside pressure systems since the boat or the rig does not have complete safety protection against the topside hydrocarbon release. Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore North-West Java (PHE ONWJ) has an Integrity Management Pass (IMPASS) business process to manage the integrity issue during well interventions in NUI. IMPASS requires collecting the integrity status in the respective NUI, highlighting and reviewing the critical pressure system integrity anomaly, and implementing recommendations established in the review. The liftboat or drilling rig may sail heading to the NUI if the relevant parties approve the IMPASS and implement the recommendations. Reviewing the pressure system anomaly is the critical step in IMPASS. The reviewers shall ensure the effectiveness of hydrocarbon leak prevention and readiness to mitigate the probable leak occurrence. A custom programmed spreadsheet form, named IMPASS PREVIEW form, supports the review process to maintain consistency of the review results. IMPASS PREVIEW form summarizes integrity anomaly data, collects operating conditions and existing safety protection system data, and applies process safety and risk-based concept to assess the protection system and establish recommendations. It classifies safety protection into prevention, engineering, and procedural control. Then, it automatically recommends stringent additional measures to the existing safety protection for pressure systems with more severe integrity conditions. It also predicts probable hazardous hydrocarbon events as the basis for the emergency drill plan. IMPASS PREVIEW has been utilized to support approximately 100 well interventions. It promotes a shared understanding among relevant parties that allows early and consistent data collection. It also applies a consistent approach in every review with relatively shorter review duration. Since the recommendations can be immediately acquired, it allows early remediation action to set facilities ready to receive the liftboat and the rig in safe condition.

Torque control method is commonly used when tightening bolted joints because of its easy operation. However, the method involves an essential problem of fairly large scatter in bolt preloads. It has been reported that even if the same torque is applied, bolt preloads show a considerable scatter, e.g., ranging from 25% to 35%. A scatter in coefficients of friction on nut bearing surface and thread pressure flank is a primary source of bolt preload scatter. Meanwhile, the effect of Equivalent Friction Diameter at the bearing surfaces of nut and bolt head cannot be ignored. The scatter in Equivalent Friction Diameter is caused by imperfect geometry, i.e., the flatness deviation at the bearing surfaces. In this paper, the magnitudes of Equivalent Friction Diameter are quantitatively evaluated by FEA, using the experimental data of flatness deviation measured for a number of commercial nuts and bolts. It is shown that the bolt preload is likely to be scattered by as much as plus minus 10% of the target value, owing to the flatness deviation. Based on the comprehensive calculations by considering the imperfect geometry, a strategy to effectively suppress the bolt preload scatter is proposed.

Due to the growing need for sustainable manufacturing processes, machine tool designers are constantly looking for ways to reduce unwanted structural vibrations without having to increase the mass/inertia of moving components, which in turn increases the energy consumption and cost of the machines. Recent research has shown that, due to the coupling introduced by the nut, the torque applied to ball screw drives by the motor causes undesirable lateral (bending) vibrations of the screw, which adversely affects the fatigue life and positioning accuracy of ball screw drives. By analyzing the stiffness matrix connecting the screw to the nut, this paper shows that the helix angle of the screw and the entry/exit angles of the balls have the most influence on the degree of coupling between motor torque and lateral vibrations of the screw. Consequently, by carefully selecting the helix angle of the screw together with the entry/exit angles of the balls, the undesirable lateral vibrations of the screw can be minimized, without having to increase the diameter (i.e. stiffness/inertia) of the ball screw. The merits and limitations of the proposed method are demonstrated using simulations on a single-axis ball screw driven machine.

This paper investigates the nature of the contact between the load transferring surfaces in the roller screw mechanism, i.e., between the screw and roller threads and between the nut and roller threads. The analysis is applied to both planetary roller screws and recirculating roller screws. Prior work has neglected to take a fundamental approach toward understanding the mechanics of the contact between these components, and as a consequence, detailed analysis of aspects such as contact mechanics, friction, lubrication, and wear are not carried out correctly. Accordingly, in this paper, the principle of conjugate surfaces is used to establish contact at the screw-roller and nut-roller interfaces. The in-plane angles to the contact points are derived and it is shown that for the screw-roller interface, the contact point cannot lie on the bodies’ line of centers as has been the assumption in previous papers. Then, based on the curved profile of the roller thread, the radii of contact on the roller, screw, and nut bodies are also derived. Knowledge of the contact point locations is necessary to understand the interaction forces between the key components of the roller screw mechanism. In addition, accurate estimates of the radii of contact are necessary for minimizing the phenomenon of roller migration, a condition that can cause binding between components and eventually lead to the destruction of the mechanism. Last, the principal radii of curvature at the contact points and the angle between the principal axes are derived. These are essential for further development of the contact mechanics, such as the surface stresses, deformations, and consideration of wear.

Design engineers today desire to develop more lighter and compact components with higher performance capabilities against the background of saving resources. For this purpose, low strength and lightweight metals such Aluminum or Magnesium are preferred on one hand. On the other hand there is an increase in load requirements which needs higher clamp force between these components. In such applications length of thread engagement requires special focus. At the same time from industry perspective it is essential to have effective dimensioning methods to develop new products in shorter time and at a reasonable cost (economics). Besides the increase in length of thread engagement, the tribology of mechanical contacts (i.e. increased friction coefficients and limited loading capacity due to higher contact pressure) plays an important role in the tightening process. The result is that the desired preload is often not achieved with a standardized tightening specification (reasons: high friction decreases preload for same tightening torque by high torsional stresses). In this contribution experimental results of tightening screws with nut components made from aluminum alloys are analyzed for their frictional behavior by using a multi-channel screw assembly test stand. Risks and dangers associated with tightening process are highlighted and suggestions are made for improvement in thread reinforcement. An established method to realize thread reinforcement is using wired thread inserts. For these elements several standards concerning geometry and strength exist but no dimensioning method is available. These thread inserts themselves have a higher strength than the nut thread material and transmit the preload force of the screw with a greater surface area than the original nut component. This leads theoretically to an increase in the load capacity of the nut thread. The approach of existing dimensioning methods by established rules and regulations for the design of bolted connections, e.g. VDI 2230, are not able to predict the behavior of reinforced thread engagements. Hence, an extension for the dimensioning of threaded engagement is essential for modern requirements. Experiments of tightening screw joints with wired thread inserts and with normal thread engagement are comparatively analyzed along with numerical calculations using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Conclusions are drawn from experimental and FEA results with the perspective of formulating an extended dimensioning method for thread reinforcement of screw connections in lightweight design. These points are interesting for every design engineer, especially in the field of lightweight design.

Abstract New ignition delay time (IDT) data for stoichiometric natural gas (NG) blends composed of C1 – C5 n-alkanes with methane as the major component were recorded using a high pressure shock tube (ST) at reflected shock pressures (p5) and temperatures (T5) in the range 20–30 bar and 1000–1500 K, respectively. The good agreement of the new IDT experimental data with literature data shows the reliability of the new data at the conditions investigated. Comparisons of simulations using the NUI Galway mechanism (NUIGMech1.0) show very good agreement with the new experimental results and with the existing data available in the literature. Empirical IDT correlation equations have been developed through multiple linear regression analyses for these C1 – C5 n-alkane/air mixtures using constant volume IDT simulations in the pressure range pC = 10–50 bar, at temperatures TC = 950–2000 K and in the equivalence ratio (φ) range 0.3–3.0. Moreover, a global correlation equation is developed using NUIGMech1.0, to predict the IDTs for these NG mixtures and other relevant data available in the literature. The correlation expression utilized in this study employs a traditional Arrhenius rate form including dependencies on the individual fuel fraction, TC, φ and pC.