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Статті в журналах з теми "Hydrodynamique tidale":
Troude, Jean-Pierre, and Jean-Baptiste Sérodes. "Caractéristiques hydrodynamiques d'un estran à forte sédimentation." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-019.
Leclerc, Michel, Jean-François Bellemare, and Serge Trussard. "Simulation hydrodynamique de l'estuaire supérieur du fleuve Saint-Laurent (Canada) avec un modèle aux éléments finis couvrant–découvrant." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 5 (October 1, 1990): 739–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-087.
Дисертації з теми "Hydrodynamique tidale":
Le, Pevedic Arnaud. "Études des interactions entre herbiers de zostères, hydrodynamique et dynamique sédimentaire dans une lagune semi-fermée : cas du Bassin d'Arcachon." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0041.
Seagrass meadows provide numerous ecosystem services and constitute a fundamental biological component for the sustainability of coastal environments. Over the past decades, the surface colonized by seagrasses has drastically declined globally, reducing their capacity to regulate hydrodynamic conditions and sediment fluxes. In this context, this work aims to better understand the response of hydro-sedimentary processes to the decline of intertidal seagrass in a shallow coastal lagoon. For this purpose, the Arcachon lagoon (France), extensively colonized by seagrass meadows (Zostera noltei and Zostera marina), was used as a study area. This analysis was conducted through a numerical modeling approach that required the preliminary development and implementation of a hydro-bio-sedimentary modeling platform, consisting of four coupled models (flow model, wave model, sediment transport model, and seagrass growth model), all accounting for the effect of vegetation. Specific attention was paid to the implementation of vegetation in the wave and sediment models, utilizing combined numerical, field, and laboratory experiments. The impact of seagrass decline was first studied on hydrodynamics, revealing significant changes in tidal hydrodynamics and the wave regime, especially an intensification in bottom current velocities by 100% and wave height by 50% on the tidal flats. Further investigation into the relative influence of seagrass decline and morphological evolutions of the inlet on tidal hydrodynamics showed that vegetation loss was the main factor influencing the modification of current velocities inside the lagoon. In response to the decline of Zostera spp. and the subsequent intensification of hydrodynamic conditions, this environment underwent significant changes in sediment dynamics. Modification of erosion and deposition fluxes resulted in suspended sediment concentrations 3 to 6 times higher in the areas where vegetation decreased the most. Seagrass decline also impacted sediment transport between the lagoon and the open ocean, as well as among different areas of the lagoon, leading to the redistribution of the different sediment classes and altering the composition of the seabed sediment. The tidal flats located along the coastlines accreted and became siltier, while those in the center of the lagoon eroded and became sandier. In particular, our results demonstrated that seagrass decline was the primary contributor to the observed bathymetric changes in the lagoon. Finally, potential evolutions of marine phanerogams were investigated, considering various consequences of climate change such as sea level rise and increase of temperature. For this analysis, special consideration was given to generating environmental forcing that reproduces potential temperature and water level conditions by 2050. Seagrass biomass exhibited contrasting responses to these processes, clearly dependent on multiple environmental factors (depth, hydrodynamic exposure, renewal time). We also showed that, beyond global warming, it is the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events that are expected to induce the most significant changes in seagrass biomass
Lo, Brutto Ottavio. "Energy management in a tidal farm. Application to the Alderney Race (Raz Blanchard)." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2037.
Interest in Marine Renewable Energies (MREs) is growing worldwide because they are seen as a potential solution to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Among the different types of MRE tidal current energies are the most attractive. France has the second European production potential of electrical energy from tidal currents. The Alderney Race (Raz Blanchard in French) capitalizes about half of the national resource. Two of the main issues for the commercial development of tidal farms is the optimization of the turbines layout for maximizing the producible energy and the energy management for optimizing the energy production. These aspects depend on the wake effect and on the control of the electrical conversion chain. The objectives of this dissertation are the development of an optimization tool to maximize the producible energy of a tidal farm and the improvement of the control of the electrical chain. To this scope, an analytical model of the wake effect in a park is developed and validated. Moreover, different types of optimization algorithms are compared to solve the tidal farm layout optimization problem. The optimization tool is presented and tested in one site in the Alderney Race. Finally, all the components of the electrical conversion chain are modelled and different strategies to maximize the electrical production of the tidal farm are compared. A complete electrical model including all the components and the control are implemented to test the dynamic behavior of a hypothetical tidal farm subject to the changes in tidal speed in a site in the Alderney Race and to grid disturbances
Alastal, Khalil. "Ecoulements oscillatoires et effets capillaires en milieux poreux partiellement saturés et non saturés : applications en hydrodynamique côtière." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0039/document.
In this thesis, we study hydrodynamic oscillations in porous bodies (unsaturated or partially saturated), due to tidal oscillations of water levels in adjacent open water bodies. The focus is on beach hydrodynamics, but potential applications concern, more generally, time varying and oscillating water levels in coupled systems involving subsurface / open water interactions (natural and artificial beaches, harbor dykes, earth dams, river banks, estuaries). The tidal forcing of groundwater is represented and modeled (both experimentally and numerically) by quasi-static oscillations of water levels in an open water reservoir connected to the porous medium. Specifically, we focus on vertical water movements forced by an oscillating pressure imposed at the bottom of a soil column. Experimentally, a rotating tide machine is used to achieve this forcing. Overall, we use three types of methods (experimental, numerical, analytical) to study the vertical motion of the groundwater table and the unsaturated flow above it, taking into account the vertical head drop in the saturated zone as well as capillary pressure gradients in the unsaturated zone. Laboratory experiments are conducted on vertical sand columns, with a tide machine to force water table oscillations, and with porous cup tensiometers to measure both positive pressures and suctions along the column (among other measurement methods). Numerical simulations of oscillatory water flow are implemented with the BIGFLOW 3D code (implicit finite volumes, with conjugate gradients for the matrix solver and modified Picard iterations for the nonlinear problem). In addition, an automatic calibration based on a genetic optimization algorithm is implemented for a given tidal frequency, to obtain the hydrodynamic parameters of the experimental soil. Calibrated simulations are then compared to experimental results for other non calibrated frequencies. Finally, a family of quasi-analytical multi-front solutions is developed for the tidal oscillation problem, as an extension of the Green-Ampt piston flow approximation, leading to nonlinear, non-autonomous systems of Ordinary Differential Equations with initial conditions (dynamical systems). The multi-front solutions are tested by comparing them with a refined finite volume solution of the Richards equation. Multi-front solutions are at least 100 times faster, and the match is quite good even for a loamy soil with strong capillary effects (the number of fronts required is small, no more than N≈ to 20 at most). A large set of multi-front simulations is then produced in order to analyze water table and flux fluctuations for a broad range of forcing frequencies. The results, analyzed in terms of means and amplitudes of hydrodynamic variables, indicate the existence, for each soil, of a characteristic frequency separating low frequency / high frequency flow regimes in the porous system
Renaud, Florent. "Dynamics of the Tidal Fields and Formation of Star Clusters in Galaxy Mergers." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508301.
Chalumeau, Julien. "Modélisation numérique de la circulation côtière : application au transport des méduses dans les Pertuis Charentais." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS005/document.
The Pertuis Charentais are an interconnected ecosystems site where ocean currents play a key role. A high resolution tidal model was developed in this thesis in order to understand the main features of the hydrodynamic flows inside the Pertuis. Two topics were put forward in this study. First, a new tide model for the Pertuis Charentais was build up and validated by using different datasets: tide gauge records, measurements of currents by ADCP and satellite images. A new approach to model calibration was developed by comparing the observed position of the waterline, the boundary between land and water, with that predicted by the model. Secondly, the transport and bloom-like aggregation of the Rhizostoma jellyfish populations were simulated numerically. The jellyfish proliferation and stranding are a source of socio-economic problems. Two types of jellyfish behavior, active and passive were simulated. The tidal currents and typical meteorological forcing were taken into account. The results show that the individual behavior of swimming jellyfish is an adaptive response to abiotic factors for jellyfish survival
Michelet, Nicolas. "Modélisation numérique de l'impact d'une ferme hydroliennes sur les conditions hydrodynamiques et sédimentaires du Passage du Fromveur en Mer d'Iroise." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC237/document.
In spite of a present only emerging operational development along the coast of France, the extraction of the kinetic energy of tidal currents by turbines appears as a promising solution to contribute locally to the energetic transition of insulary territories that are not connected to the continental electricity grid, with limited power needs, and are located in protected and touristic natural areas with a visual heritage to preserve. This doctoral thesis was devoted to the three-dimensional numerical modelling of the hydrodynamic and sedimentary impacts induced by horizontal-axis turbines deployed within the pilot site of the Fromveur Strait, in the natural marine Iroise park, off western Brittany. Numerical simulations are performed with the oceanographic model ROMS (Regional Ocean Modelling System) modified to integrate a theoretical actuator-disk sub-model that assimilates the device to a porous disc opposing the flow with a force equal to the turbine’s thrust. This method was assessed against laboratory measurements within the wake of a porous disc with a diameter (D) of 0.1 m immersed in a permanent flow. A spatial resolution as small as D/10 was required to reproduce observations. After a numerical convergence study at full scale, ROMS was applied, using a nested grid approach targetted towards the Fromveur Strait, to examine wake interactions and cumulative effects within an array of height turbines of 10-m-diameter expected to fulfill the energy need of the island of Ushant. The array layout followed the commonly recommended staggered configuration with respective longitudinal and lateral spacings of 10D and 5D. During spring tidal conditions, the misalignment of the peak flood flow enhanced the wake interactions, reducing by about 15% the array power production in comparison with the peak ebb flow. This lack of power production capacity was lowered to 2% by reducing the lateral spacing to 3D. ROMS predictions were finally exploited to address the influence of this last array of turbines on the local sediment dynamics. Main effects were expected on (i) the deposition of sediments with diameter over 2 mm within the turbine wakes and (ii) the setting in motion of gravels with a diameter of 5 cm between the wakes
Robin, Nicolas. "Morphodynamique des systèmes de flèches sableuses : étude comparative entre les embouchures tidales de l’Archipel de St Pierre et Miquelon et de la côte ouest du Cotentin (Manche)." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2059.
The main objective of this thesis is to understand the formation and the evolution of sandy spits and tombolos using various spatio-temporal scales. In this perspective, two field sites were chosen, the Pointe d’Agon (Normandy) and the tombolo of Miquelon-Langlade (archipelago of St Pierre and Miquelon). The pointe d’Agon is a complex spit that has on its distal part several well-defined hooks. A new mechanism of formation of this type of morphology is proposed on the basis of a relation between the dynamics of a surf bar, migrating on an ebb delta, and the shoreline. The spit elongates in an intermittent way, in parallel of the extension of the sedimentary platform which supports it. The topographic monitoring of one of these bars indicates that it migrates with a mean speed of 35 m / year over several years. However, speed fluctuations appear to a shorter scale because its kinematics is strictly correlated with wave height. A significant height of 0. 7 m is necessary to induce bar migration. On the scale of the process, the movement takes place essentially during the surf action. The formation and the geometry of the Miquelon-Langlade tombolo is due to two important factors, the presence of available important sedimentary stock and the existence of different hydro-meteorological conditions between both coasts. The west coast presents generalized erosion in opposition to the accretion of the east coast. This evolution suggests a possible reopening of the tombolo in the short-term
Le, Dissez Aurélie. "Modélisation numérique des écoulements tidaux en milieux peu profonds : application à l'étude de l'hydrodynamique du Bassin d'Arcachon." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13181.
Latapy, Alexa. "Influence des modifications morphologiques de l'avant-côte sur l'hydrodynamisme et l'évolution du littoral des Hauts-de-France depuis le XIXe siècle." Thesis, Littoral, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020DUNK0554.
In coastal environment, interactions between morphodynamic, oceanographic and anthropic processes (acting over different timescales) control coastal systems evolution. This thesis is focused on long-term trends to determine the influence not only of human activities, but also the impact of climate change. Along the Northern coast of France, water level measurements were carried out since the early 19th century and tidal records were stored in the French Hydrographic Service (Shom) archives. At the same time that these measurements were conducted, hydrographic surveys were made for mapping the seabed of the coastal zone where tidal sand banks are common, forming linear shore-parallel or slightly oblique massive sand bodies. To determine long-term trends, digitization and analysis of these historical records were undertaken, enabling to reconstruct past sea-level changes and assess changes in sand bank morphology and position. Analysis of long tidal records suggests significant changes in tidal levels and a strong variability in the main tidal constituents. Moreover, analyses of bathymetry changes shows significant morphological variations across the shoreface since the 19th century, which are largely due to sand bank mobility. Numerical modelling of wave propagation and tidal circulation was performed using the TELEMAC suite of models to relate the observed changes in shoreface and nearshore morphology with possible variations in hydrodynamic processes. Under eroding conditions, an acceleration of tidal currents and an increase in wave height are obtained. Conversely, accumulation leads to an hydrodynamic regime weakening with a decrease in current velocity and to more wave energy dissipation in the nearshore. This study highlights the role of morphological feedbacks between nearshore morphology and coastal hydrodynamics. The identification of these feedbacks mechanisms at a secular time scale is important to assess potential drivers of coastal changes
Bourgoin, Adrien. "Modélisation de la turbulence engendrée par la morphologie dans le Raz Blanchard : approche régionale avec TELEMAC-LES." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC205/document.
Nowadays tidal currents are considered a promising renewable energy source. Many worldwide projects involve the installation of different types of marine current energy converters. The characterisation of marine resources is therefore essential to increase efficiency of energy production. Areas with high hydroturbine potential are particularly subject to multi-scale turbulence, ranging from small vortices able to cause large fatigue loads, to large vortices capable of disrupting turbine production. A better knowledge of the generation of these eddies and their propagation is essential. This is the purpose of the ANR/FEM THYMOTE project (Turbulence, Hydrolienne, Modélisation, Observations et TEsts en bassin) studying one of the most promising sites in Europe: the Alderney Race. One of the questions raised concerns the ability of large morphological structures on the seabed to produce eddies. The adopted method uses a 3D regional model to cover the area occupied by these bedforms.Regional models such as TELEMAC-3D use a turbulent URANS (Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) closure, with for example the $k-\varepsilon$. This approach does not allow a detailed description of the instability of turbulence. However, thanks to the increase in computing resources, the large scale method (LES) becomes feasible. This is based on flow filtering, and consists of simulating only the largest turbulence scales, whereas the smaller ones are modeled. The TELEMAC-3D code was modified during this thesis in order to introduce this turbulent closure. The code developed allows free surface flows to be simulated over a wide range of scales from turbulence to tidal propagation. The TELEMAC-LES code has been validated on the basis of experimental results from the literature. It is then used to study turbulent flows in the Alderney Race using a nesting strategy. The LES method allows a detailed description of the turbulence of these environments. It finally leads to the identification of energetic vortex structures, and thus the definition the most appropriate zones for the installation of tidal turbines
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Hydrodynamique tidale":
Idier, Déborah, Emmanuel Romieu, Matthieu Delattre, Rodrigo Pedreros, and Ywenn de la Torre. "Hydrodynamique tidale du lagon de Mayotte : observations in situ et modélisation." In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2008.053-i.
Bailly du Bois, Pascal, and Franck Dumas. "Modélisation hydrodynamique de la dispersion à court terme dans une mer macro tidale : validation par des mesures à haute résolution de radiotraceur solubles." In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2004.016-b.