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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Maghlakelidze, Akaki. "Hydrochemical Characterization of Nabeghlavi Underground Mineral Waters." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 4(522) (December 28, 2021): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2021-4-71-79.

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Georgia is rich in groundwater deposits, which renew over time and are characterized by the best indicators of water quality and a stable regime. Groundwater is one of the main natural productive forces of Georgia, which plays an important role in the economic development and export industry. During 2015–2020, chemical composition of the Nabeghlavi mineral waters has been studied by the means of the modern unified methods. Almost all data from previous chemical analyzes have also been retrieved and systematized/collated. Using mathematical statistical analysis, the maximum, minimum, and mean arithmetic values of the major and specific components of water and the empirical deviation from the arithmetic mean have been calculated. Though comparison of the recent and historic data on chemical composition, based on the results of statistical analysis of the major ions, the natural fluctuation limits of the waters and stability of waters from all exploitation drill holes have been shown. According to the chemical composition and total mineralization there are three groups of waters in fresh and low mineralized category. It is shown that chemical composition of water from all exploitation drill holes meets requirements for the natural mineral water category, both the normative document of Georgia and directive of the European Commission.

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Thyne, Geoffrey, Cuneyt Guler, and Eileen Poeter. "Sequential Analysis of Hydrochemical Data for Watershed Characterization." Ground Water 42, no. 5 (September 2004): 711–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02725.x.

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Manu, Evans, Marco De Lucia, and Michael Kühn. "Hydrochemical Characterization of Surface Water and Groundwater in the Crystalline Basement Aquifer System in the Pra Basin (Ghana)." Water 15, no. 7 (March 28, 2023): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15071325.

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The quality of groundwater resources in the Pra Basin (Ghana) is threatened by ongoing river pollution from illegal mining. To date, there are very limited data and literature on the hydrochemical characteristics of the basin. For the first time, we provide regional hydrochemical data on surface water and groundwater to gain insight into the geochemical processes and quality for drinking and irrigation purposes. We collected 90 samples from surface water (rivers) and groundwater (boreholes) and analysed them for their chemical parameters. We performed a water quality assessment using conventional water quality rating indices for drinking water and irrigation. Cluster and factor analysis were performed on the hydrochemical data to learn the chemical variations in the hydrochemical data. Bivariate ion plots were used to interpret the plausible geochemical processes controlling the composition of dissolved ions in surface water and groundwater. The water quality assessment using Water Quality Index (WQI) revealed that 74% of surface water and 20% of groundwater samples are of poor drinking quality and, therefore, cannot be used for drinking purposes. For irrigation, surface water and groundwater are of good quality based on Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Wilcox diagram and United States Salinity (USSL) indices. However, Mn and Fe (total) concentrations observed in most surface water samples are above the acceptable limit for irrigation and therefore require treatment to avoid soil acidification and loss of availability of vital soil nutrients. Manganese and iron (total) are identified as the main contaminants affecting the basin’s water quality. The hierarchical cluster analysis highlights the heterogeneity in the regional hydrochemical data, which showed three distinct spatial associations based on elevation differences. Groundwater composition chemically evolves from a Ca–HCO3 to a Na–HCO3 and finally to a Na–Cl water type along the flow regime from the recharge to the discharge zone. The bivariate ion plot and the factor analysis underscore silicate weathering, carbonate dissolution and ion exchange as the most likely geochemical processes driving the hydrochemical evolution of the Pra Basin groundwater. Going forward, geochemical models should be implemented to elucidate the dominant reaction pathways driving the evolution of groundwater chemistry in the Pra Basin.

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Benderev, Aleksey, Stanimir Stanev, Mila Trayanova, Sava Kolev, and Aglaida Toteva. "Hydrochemical characterization of thermal waters in Shipkovo thermal field." Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 33, no. 1 (2019): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/igh.33.1.27.

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“Shipkovo” thermal water field is one of the few in the country formed in karstified carbonate rocks. Initially, there was a natural spring with elevated temperature, located at the boundary of Triassic karstified limestones and dolomites and Lower Cretaceous terrigenous rocks, sinking in depth to the east. Later, drilling operations were carried out in the area, which resulted in the discovery of additional quantities of water with different temperatures and chemical composition, which led to the discovery of additional water of different temperature and chemical composition. Eight wells were drilled east of the natural spring with a depth from 174 to 1315 m, with thermal waters from different depths found in the Triassic karst aquifer and the fissured Jurassic terrigenous rocks. The characterization of the chemical composition of the waters was made based on 55 water samples analyzes. It is established that the chemical composition is specific to the individual water sources and varies over time. The natural spring is characterized with the most significant fluctuations in the concentrations of some hydrochemical indicators – the maximum and minimum values of the total dissolved solids (TDS) differ approximately twice, and the pH – by about 2 units. As the flow rate of the spring increases and its temperature decreases, the type of water changes from HCO3-SO4–Ca-Mg to HCO3–Ca, and the concentrations of indicators characterizing the deep origin of thermal water decrease – fluorine (from 1.5÷1.6 to 0.1÷0.3 mg/l) and metasilicic acid (from 20÷25 to 10 mg/l). In periods when mainly deep mineral water flows from the spring, rather than mixed thermal and atmospheric waters, the concentrations of Ba, Sr, Al, Li are significantly higher. Comparison of the chemical composition of groundwater from individual wells shows the influence of geological and hydrogeological factors on its formation and changes in depth. The mixing of the waters formed by active water exchange in the karst environment of the Triassic limestones and dolomites with HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Ca-Mg type with the water formed in fractured rocks with stagnant character and SO4-Ca-Mg type in the Jurassic deposits and within the reach of the Shipkovo Fault, the fieldspecific SO4-HCO3-Ca-Mg waters are formed. With respect to the microcomponents, there is a slight tendency to increase the concentration of F, Sr, Ti, Ba, Mo, Ni, Mn in depth, but in the deepest wells they are relatively lower. The results obtained are useful in support of management decisions for the utilization of thermal waters from the Shipkovo field.

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Ruiz-Pico, Ángel, Álvaro Pérez-Cuenca, Richard Serrano-Agila, Diana Maza-Criollo, Jorge Leiva-Piedra, and Johonathan Salazar-Campos. "Hydrochemical characterization of groundwater in the Loja Basin (Ecuador)." Applied Geochemistry 104 (May 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2019.02.008.

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Nativ, Ronit, and Ilan Nissim. "Characterization of a Desert Aquitard- Hydrologic and Hydrochemical Considerations." Ground Water 30, no. 4 (July 1992): 598–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01536.x.

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Toumi, Faycal, Samir Hani, Nabil Bougherira, Azzedine Hani, Hicham Chaffai, and Larbi Djabri. "Hydrochemical and isotopic characterization of a complex aquifer system." Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7343/as-2023-626.

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A methodology was developed and applied to the Tindouf basin (south-western Algeria) to understand the hydrogeology of a complex aquifer system with a limited number of data, to identify the favorable areas for the design and building of new wells, and to know whether there is still current recharge of these aquifers. The principal components analysis (PCA), diagram of deuterium versus oxygen-18, and equilibrium diagrams Mg/Na and Ca/Na were the techniques used to combine different datasets in order to identify chemical and isotopic groups, which were in turn used to define the groundwater flow paths. In addition, on the basis of thermodynamic equilibrium, it is possible to define the chemical evolution of the Tindouf basin aquifer. The results of this study are consistent with the generally accepted hydrogeological conceptual model. The combination of the different methods made possible to define and and to characterise the main groundwater flow paths from their sources to the discharge zones. These flow paths are defined by water categories, which are represented by salinity and groundwater origin. This approach can be used to analyze aquifers characterized by a lack of data and can also be useful for studying other complex groundwater basins.

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Antas, Francisco Pio de Souza, Nildo da Silva Dias, André Moreira de Oliveira, Osvaldo Nogueira de Sousa Neto, Cleyton dos Santos Fernandes, Neyton de Oliveira Miranda, Gabriela Cemirames de Sousa Gurgel, Francisco Souto de Sousa Junior, Alexandre de Oliveira Lima, and Miguel Ferreira Neto. "Hydrochemical Characterization of Water Resources From Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 12 (November 15, 2018): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n12p445.

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The desalination of the brackish waters is a technology of coexistence with the semi-arid and its adoption implies in determining the environmental impacts due to the reject brine generated. Therefore, this work evaluated the hydrochemical characteristics of well water (feed water), drinking water (purified) and reject brine from reverse osmosis desalination plants in Western Meso-region, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. During the periods between October 2013 and November 2014, four water samples were taken at seven inland desalination plants in communities and rural settlements. The hydrochemical characteristics of the waters were evaluated using multivariate statistical analysis. The following physico-chemical parameters of water collected were evaluated: electrical conductivity (ECw), pH, concentrations of cations (sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium) and anions (chloride, carbonate and bicarbonate), Sodium Adsorption Ratio, Langelier Saturation Index, Stability Index of Ryznar, and the Calcium/Magnesium ratio. Well water and reject brine were classified into six groups, while purified water was classified into seven groups with different levels of risk of salinization, sodification and ions toxicity.

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Teixeira, Guilherme Vargas, Antonio Pedro Viero, Claudia Porcelis Vargas, and Guilherme D'Ávila Nunes. "Structural, hydrogeological and hydrochemical characterization of aquifers in the Paraná Basin: An integrated literature review." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 9 (July 26, 2021): e26610918390. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.18390.

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The Paraná Basin in Brazil is of vital importance and because of a large groundwater reservoir and the high exploitation of this resource by the population a structural and hydrogeochemical knowledge is needed. Objectives: 1) Analyze studies that address the structural, hydrogeological and hydrochemical characterization of aquifers in the Paraná Basin; 2) Highlight the main techniques used in the respective studies and the scientific development arising from the use of these techniques for a better hydrochemical and structural understanding of the Paraná Basin. Methodology: Tracing lineaments from satellite image and field work are the main techniques used for structural characterization. For hydrochemical analyses, factorial methods physical-chemical analyses are used. Results: the most common chemical types of groundwater that circulate in the sedimentary and volcanic units of the Paraná Basin, which include the Pirambóia, Irati, Rio Bonito, Botucatu and Serra Geral formations are calciumbicarbonates, calcium-magnesian bicarbonates, calcium-sodium bicarbonates and sodium-sulphate-chloride bicarbonates. Sodium-sulfated waters are not found in the Serra Geral Formation, except when they come from the sedimentary units. Sodium and sulfate are not expected ions in basalt weathering, and therefore a greater understanding is needed on structural communication by means of faults that occur between the Serra Geral Aquifer System (SGAS) and the mesozoic and permian sedimentary aquifers and aquitards that contribute for unexpected ions in the SGAS. Conclusion: The Paraná Basin is a reason for interest in geological studies in Brazil because of its link to several areas of interest in geosciences, which include hydrochemistry, stratigraphy, paleontology and hydrogeology.

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Abeli, T., S. Orsenigo, N. M. G. Ardenghi, E. C. H. E. T. Lucassen, and A. J. P. Smolders. "Hydrochemical Characterization of A Stand of the Threatened EndemicIsoëtes malinverniana." American Fern Journal 103, no. 4 (October 2013): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-103.4.241.

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Дисертації з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Henry, Sabine. "The hydrochemical and isotopic characterization of groundwater in southern Mozambique." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33835.

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A groundwater chemistry sampling campaign was run over two sampling seasons in 2018. Groundwater samples were taken across the region of southern Mozambique, between the towns of Namaacha, Catuane, Ponta do Ouro and Marracuene. Major anions and cations were analyzed by two labs at Stellenbosch University, and stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, and radiogenic isotopes of strontium were analyzed at the Department of Geological Sciences at the University of Cape Town. The aim of this study was to characterize the isotopic and hydrochemical composition of groundwater in the southern Mozambique study area, using major ions and stable isotopes. Samples were categorized into different zones based on the underlying geology in which the borehole was sited. Overall, the dominant anions and cations are: Cl>HCO3>SO4 and Na> Ca=Mg>K. 68% of samples plotted in the Na-Cl water type, whilst 30% plotted in the Na-HCO3 water type of the Piper and Chadha diagrams. Salinization is the mechanism controlling the Na-Cl water types, whilst recharge is mechanism controlling the Na-HCO3 water types. Saturation indices of calcite, dolomite, halite, and gypsum. Saturation indices were calculated using the thermodynamic software PHREEQC. All samples were undersaturated with respect to gypsum and halite, suggesting that the conditions were thermodynamically favored for their dissolution. Samples that were from boreholes that plotted in the limestone layers and >40m depth in basalts, and quaternary sediments were oversaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite, indicating that the conditions were thermodynamically favored for their precipitation out of solution. Samples that plotted in the rhyolite, shallow basalts and quaternary sediments were undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite, suggesting dissolution into solution. Sixty-two percent of sample had an NA/Cl ration greater than one, indicating silicate weathering as a major process affecting the chemical character of the water. Samples in the basalts however had Na/Cl ratios less than one, and δ 2H and δ 18O values out of the range of seawater, suggesting ion exchange as a process affecting the chemistry of groundwater in these areas. Since there is no established Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) in the area, LMWL from Pretoria and Durban were used as proxies, and the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL) was also plotted. Samples in the rhyolites, basalts and quaternary sediments has high d-excess values, and showed a strong evaporation trend. The mechanisms for groundwater salinization in these areas is strongly influenced by evapoconcentaion effects. Geographical features such as seasonal variation, latitude, elevation and distance from coast do not appear to be a major factor affecting the isotopic composition of the groundwaters. The strontium isotopes and elemental strontium concentrations indicate that groundwater mixing likely occurred in each zone, however no end-members were established.

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Auler, Augusto. "Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Characterization of the Matozinhos-Pedro Leopoldo Karst, Brazil." TopSCHOLAR®, 1994. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/927.

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The Matozinhos-Pedro Leopoldo limestone area is a tropical karst located near the metropolis of Belo Horizonte, East Central Brazil, in an area undergoing rapid urbanization and land degradation. Qualitative dye tracing experiments have determined the groundwater routes and catchment areas in the two major drainage basins in the area, Samambaia Basin and Palmeiras-Mocambo Basin. Other drainage basins were identified, but not traced due to the absence of related swallets. Fluorescein and optical brightener had a poor performance as tracers under tropical climate. Dilution due to the existance of lakes at some swallets prevented some dye traces. The water that flows through this karst area is almost entirely autogenic, having a small external contribution from some phyllite areas. About 88% of the total water discharge of identified springs drains directly toward Velhas River, the regional base level. The remaining 12% drains toward Mata Creek, a tributary of the Velhas River. Hydrochemical monitoring in four of the major springs showed that groundwater quality for the measured parameters in the discharge zone is generally good, despite the heavy industrialization and occupation in some of the recharge areas. Conduit flow predominates in Samambaia and Palmeiras- Mocambo Basins. The outlets for these basins show a marked seasonal variation in the physical and chemical parameters monitored. Some of the other springs such as Moinho Velho Spring and Jaguara Spring show little variation in temperature, suggesting a diffuse flow component. All springs are characterized by hardness dilution during the wet season, suggesting a small residence time during the wet season, not allowing the water to achieve saturation. Seasonal variation in runoff is the most important control on the hydrochemical pattern of the area. It determines the marked dilution of major ions in both conduit-flow and diffuse-flow springs. Variation in soil C02 due to the rainfall pattern may also play an important role in the water chemistry. Observation of paleoflow indicators made in several dry caves showed that the past flow pattern at Palmeiras-Mocambo Basin agrees with the present groundwater routes. At Samambaia Basin, however, the lower reaches of the basin show paleoflow directions pointing toward other active base levels such as Mocambeiro Depression or Velhas River, suggesting that Samambaia Basin may have developed its present morphology in a later stage.

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Asim, Muhammad. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF GROUNDWATER FLOW IN A PART OF THE HIMALAYAN FORELAND BASIN." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1132262925.

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Caetano, Bicalho Cristina. "Hydrochemical characterization of transfers in karst aquifers by natural and anthropogenic tracers. Example of a Mediterranean karst system, the Lez karst aquifer (Southern France)." AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/56/95/44/PDF/these_CCBICALHO_2010.pdf.

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La source karstique du Lez, localisée dans le bassin Méditerranéen (sud-est de la France), fournit de l’eau potable pour la ville de Montpellier et son agglomération depuis le XIXe siècle. Depuis 1981, un pompage intensif est effectué directement dans le conduit principal au moyen d’une station souterraine de pompage, avec un débit maximal autorisé de 1,700 l/s. Afin de mieux caractériser la dynamique et l’origine des eaux souterraines, mais également d'évaluer l’impact de trois décennies d’un pompage intensif de l’aquifère, des prélèvements ont été réalisés dans différentes conditions hydrologiques depuis mars 2006. La source du Lez ainsi que d’autres sources et forages appartenant à ce système et aux systèmes karstiques voisins ont été régulièrement échantillonnées pour le suivi en continu des paramètres physico-chimiques, des éléments majeurs et en trace, du Carbone Organique Total (COT), des coliformes fécaux et totaux ainsi que des 18O, 2H, 13CTDIC et 87Sr/86Sr. Au moment des crues de reprise qui surviennent après l’étiage, des eaux fortement minéralisées sont identifiées à la source du Lez. Ce comportement singulier a été étudié à un pas de temps fin. L’utilisation d’analyses statistiques multivariées a permis de caractériser les différents types d'eau s’écoulant à la source du Lez. Une approche couplée intégrant les données hydrochimiques et isotopiques a permis de définir les différents types d’eau et les lithologies associées, ainsi que les principales réactions qui contrôlent la chimie des eaux souterraines. Parmi les cinq types d’eau identifiés, deux correspondant à des pôles géochimiques très contrastés, et sont à mentionner : le premier pôle correspond à des eaux géochimiquement plus évoluées, caractérisées par une forte minéralisation, un enrichissement marqué en Cl, Na, Mg, Li, B et Br, des rapports Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca et Cl/Br élevés ainsi que des valeurs en 13CTDIC et 87Sr/86Sr enrichies. Ces eaux, qui correspondent à une signature évaporitique, sont vraisemblablement issues d’un réservoir profond, et associées à un temps moyen de résidence important. Parmi toutes les sources et forages étudiés, cette signature chimique a été uniquement observée pour les eaux de la source du Lez. Le second pôle correspond à des eaux faiblement minéralisées, contenant de fortes concentrations en NO3, bactéries et COT, représentant le flux d’infiltration rapide. Elles soulignent la vulnérabilité du système à l’infiltration rapide et à la contamination anthropique via des systèmes de pertes et de réseaux de fractures bien développé. Des déconvolutions d’hydrogramme à l'aide de multiples traceurs ont été réalisées pour estimer les proportions de participation des deux ou trois pôles d’eau précédemment définis dans les multiples événements de crue survenus entre 2008 et 2010. En considérant les chlorures comme traceur, la participation moyenne des différents types d’eau à l’écoulement à la source est la suivante : 12% pour les eaux profondes, 5% pour les eaux nouvellement infiltrées et 83% pour les eaux de l'aquifère principal. La comparaison entre les données obtenues dans cette étude et les données obtenues avant l’installation de la station souterraine de pompage (données de 1973-1974) montre des changements notables dans la composition chimique des eaux de la source du Lez, en indiquant une diminution de la proportion de participation du réservoir profond aux écoulements à cette source. Cette modification de la composition chimique des eaux peut être attribuée au pompage intensif du système karstique et, en l’absence de changement climatique perceptible, traduit les conséquences directes de ce forçage anthropique sur le fonctionnement général de l’aquifère. L’approche multi-traceurs combinée à l'hydrodynamique apparaît comme un outil très efficace pour caractériser les écoulements souterrains et leurs origines, et semble être potentiellement applicable à d'autres systèmes karstiques complexes similaires comprenant des compartiments profonds qui contribuent à l’écoulement de la source, notamment sur le pourtour méditerranéen où la crise messinienne à permis la mise en place d’une karstification profonde
The Lez karst spring, located in the Mediterranean basin (southern France), supplies with water the metropolitan area of Montpellier (France) since the 19th century. Since 1981, an intense pumping is being performed directly in the main conduit with a maximum exploitation flow rate of about 1,700 l/s. To improve the understanding of groundwater origins and circulation dynamics in this karst system, as well as the impact of three decades of intense water exploitation, groundwater samples have been collected during various hydrologic conditions since March 2006. The springs and wells of the Lez karst system as well as surrounding springs and wells have been monitored for: physicochemical parameters, major and trace elements, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), faecal and total coliforms, 18O, 2H, 13CTDIC and 87Sr/86Sr. During the first recharge events of autumn, high-mineralized waters have been observed at the Lez spring. This singular behaviour was monitored in a fine time-lag. A multivariate statistical analysis revealed the existence of different water-types discharging at the Lez spring. A coupled approach integrating geochemistry and isotopes were applied and provided insight into the different end-members, associated lithologies and the main reactions that control groundwater chemistry. Between the five distinguished water-types, the two more contrasting ones are emphasized: the first one correspond to more geochemically evolved, long residence-time waters, issued from deep layers where evaporite fingerprinting was identified. They are characterized by high mineralization and high concentrations in Cl, Na, Mg, Li, B and Br elements, high Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca and Cl/Br ratios and enriched 13CTDIC and 87Sr/86Sr. Between all the studied springs and wells, this chemical fingerprinting has been uniquely observed for the Lez spring groundwaters. The second water-type corresponds to low mineralized waters with high concentrations in NO3, bacteria and TOC, and represents the flux of rapid infiltration waters. They underline the vulnerability of the system to surface infiltration and anthropogenic contamination through the infiltration of waters by sinkholes and well-developed fracture networks. Hydrograph deconvolutions using multiple tracers were used to estimate the participation of two or three end-members in the various flood-events that occurred between 2008 and 2010. If we use chloride as tracer, the mean estimated participation of the different water types are, as follows: 12% for deep waters; 5% for recent waters and 83% for main aquifer waters. The comparison between present and former studies carried out before the installation of the pumping plant (1973-1974 dataset), indicates historical changes in water hydrogeochemistry, evidencing a decrease of the deep compartment participation to the outflow of the Lez spring. This change in water hydrogeochemistry may be attributed to the intense pumping of the karst system and, in the absence of noticeable climatic changes, traduces the direct consequences of anthropogenic forcing on the overall functioning of the aquifer. The multi-tracers approach combined to hydrodynamics appears as a very efficient tool for characterizing groundwater flows and their origins and seems to be potentially applicable to other similar complex Mediterranean karst systems that were subjected to deep karstification during the Messinian crisis. The features of this crisis seem to play a relevant role on the hydrogeological behaviour of the aquifer and chemical characteristics of waters by the participation of a deep compartment to the outflow of the karst system

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ROTIROTI, MARCO. "Hydrogeology and hydrogeochemistry of As, Fe, Mn rich groundwater of the multi-layer aquifer in the lower Po Plain, Lombardy region (northern Italy)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/42004.

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The present study concerns the analysis of the hydrogeology and the hydrogeochemistry of the As, Fe, Mn rich groundwater of the alluvial multi-layer aquifer in the lower Po Plain (northern Italy), referring specifically to the territory of Cremona. The main aim is to understand the origins (natural or anthropic) and mechanisms of the high groundwater As, Fe and Mn concentrations. The specific study area is located near the confluence between Adda and Po rivers. It covers a 50 km2 wide area around the urban territory of Cremona. The considered aquifer depths are around 200-250 m. The applied methodology involves the (a) collection of historical data related to water quality, water levels and well logs; (b) storage of collected data in specific databases and geographical information systems; (c) design and execution of two field surveys of water levels and water quality, realized in July 2010 and July 2012; (d) construction of a 3D model of aquifer hydrogeological properties (deposits texture, hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity), built by means of ordinary kriging interpolation of numerical values derived from the coding of well logs; (e) analysis of the hydrodynamic properties of the system; (f) analysis of water quality data (both field and historical data) considering the hydrogeological and hydrodynamic properties of the aquifer system; (g) implementation of a 1D reactive transport model in order to better understand the hydrogeochemical mechanisms in the system; (h) elaboration of a general hydrogeochemical conceptual model concerning possible origins and chemical mechanisms for the high groundwater As, Fe, Mn and NH4 concentrations, considering also possible anthropogenic influences; (i) development of management tools, as natural background levels derivation, supporting groundwater resources protection by public authorities. The 3D aquifer modelling underlines the presence of an alternation of sandy layers (K = 10-3-10-5 m/s) and silty-clayey layers (K = 10-7-10-8 m/s) with significant peat deposits and leads to the identification of 5 aquifer units. In relation to the hydrodynamic properties analysis, these 5 units are classified as (1) phreatic (F), from 0 to 25 m b.s., (2) semi-confined (S) from 30 to 50 m b.s., (3) confined 1 (C1) from 65 to 85 m b.s., (4) confined 2 (C2) from 100 to 150 m b.s. and (5) confined 3 (C3) from 160 to 250 m b.s.. The aquifer F can locally have semi-confined characteristic due to the presence of superficial silty-clayey deposits, while in the other zones it remains phreatic. The analysis of field and historical data of water quality underlines the general presence of reduced hydrochemical facies, characterized by high concentration of As, Fe, Mn and NH4, with the exception of the zones with phreatic conditions in aquifer F, where oxidized facies are identified. In particular, the survey of July 2010 points out high As concentrations (ranging from 1 to 180 μg/L), especially in the 30-100 m depth range, corresponding to aquifers S and C1. High concentrations of Fe and Mn are also found, they range from 100 to 6000 μg/L and from 10 to 1200 μg/L, respectively. The higher concentrations are found in superficial aquifers: in aquifer F for Mn and in aquifers F and S for Fe. NH4 is also found with high concentrations (1-5 mg/L, up to 18.9 mg/L) from aquifer S to C3. The measurements of July 2010 can represent the natural background of As, Fe, Mn and NH4 because no direct sources or indirect anthropogenic influences are found. The survey of July 2012 generally confirms the hydrochemical characterization based on July 2010 data. In the analysis of the hydrochemical historical data, a separation between the data referred to the natural background and to anthropogenic influences is done. Pollutions by hydrocarbons and organic matter in general can be considered as indirect human influences on As, Fe, Mn and NH4 concentrations, as reported by previous studies. The analysis of historical chemical data referred to the natural background generally confirms the hydrochemical characterization emerged from the data of July 2010 survey. The analysis of historical data also points out a probable anthropogenic influence on As, Fe, Mn and NH4 concentrations in two sites located in the study area: an oil refinery, affected by hydrocarbons pollution, and a municipal solid waste landfill, with probable organic leachate spills. In order to understand the origin and the mechanisms of the high As, Fe, Mn and NH4 concentrations, a hydrogeochemical conceptual model is implemented. The conceptual model considers the process of natural organic matter degradation (i.e. peat) as primary control factor on high As, Fe, Mn and NH4 concentrations. Degradation of peat is associated with the consecutive reduction of O2, NO3-, Mn(IV), Fe(III), SO42-, CO2. The reductive dissolution of Mn and Fe oxides (contained in the aquifer sediments) leads to high concentrations of dissolved Fe and Mn, but also to high concentrations of dissolved As, which is generally sorbed on Mn and Fe oxides. Dissolved As concentration can be also lowered by different processes (co-precipitation of As in iron sulfides, precipitation of arsenic sulfides, sorption of As on the remaining Fe-oxides and Mn-oxides, etc.). NH4 is released from the degradation of organic nitrogen of peat. Therefore, a natural origin of As, Fe, Mn and NH4 can be assumed. In order to understand if the hydrogeochemical conceptual model, based on literature, could be reliable on the present case study, a 1D reactive transport model, using PHREEQC code, is implemented. The modelled concentrations result in good agreement with the measured concentrations (July 2010). This result could support the validity of the conceptual model. In addiction, isotope and microbiological analysis, executed in the survey of July 2012, confirms the natural origin of NH4 and the occurring of Fe-oxide and sulfate reduction in the studied system. In conclusion, the present work can contribute to understand origins and mechanisms of high groundwater As, Fe, Mn and NH4 concentrations in the lower Po Plain, supporting the management and protection of groundwater resources by public authorities.

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Castro, Lorena Mota de. "Estudo do comportamento de indicadores ambientais nos sistemas fluviais Madeira/Amazonas e Solimões/Amazonas." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2015. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5092.

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The Amazon basin, the largest watershed in the world, accounts for approximately 16% of the water discharged into the ocean and its broad scope results in greater sensitivity of its rivers to global climate change. The dynamic and availability of chemical elements in a system as complex rely on natural processes such as leaching of chemicals contained in the rocks as well as a source of anthropogenic activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variation of physical and chemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total suspended solids, pH) and anion concentration (F-, Cl-, NO3-, NO2- and SO42-) in sections covering the main forming the Amazon: Solimões and Madeira river, in addition to characterize the bottom sediment of these systems in regard to its particle size, mineralogical composition (XRD) and concentration of the metals Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb (ICP-OES). With the exception of turbidity, both the parameters and the ions concentration presented their values below the maximum recommended by the CONAMA resolution 357/2005 for waters class 2. Both evaluated stretches showed medium and fine sand contents as the predominant composition in the bottom sediments, except for RMGua point Guayaramerín-BO, reflecting the higher concentration of metals in this sample. In bottom sediments there was a predominance of quartz, albite, clinochlore, illite, muscovite and microcline in the total fraction of these. The presence of heavy minerals such as andalusite, augite and rutile were viewed in the Solimões / Amazonas stretch where this occurrence may be associated with Içá and Solimões formations. The correlation analysis allowed to evaluate that metals such as Fe, Pb and Ni have high correlation with the mineralogical composition of the Solimões / Amazonas stretch. The high correlation between Zn and Fe with SO42- content indicates their relationship with pyrite deposits, though not rule out the influence of mining activities widespread in the region. In PCA analysis it was observed that the dispersion of data, both in the Solimões / Amazonas stretch and in Madeira / Amazonas, are caused by naturally occurring factors, despite the high incidence of human activities, mainly in the basin of Madeira.
A bacia Amazônica, considerada a maior bacia hidrográfica do mundo, é responsável por aproximadamente 16% da água despejada no oceano e sua ampla extensão resulta na maior sensibilidade dos seus rios às mudanças climáticas globais. A dinâmica e disponibilidade de elementos químicos em um sistema tão complexo dependem de processos naturais como a lixiviação de substâncias químicas contidas nas rochas como também de atividades de fonte antrópica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variação espacial de parâmetros físico-químicos (temperatura, turbidez, condutividade, sólidos totais suspensos, pH) e concentração de ânions (F-, Cl-, NO3-, NO2- e SO42-) em trechos que abrangem os principais formadores do rio Amazonas: Rio Solimões e Rio Madeira, além de caracterizar o sedimento de fundo destes sistemas no que se refere à sua granulometria, composição mineralógica (DRX) e concentração dos metais Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni e Pb (ICP-OES). Com exceção da turbidez, tanto os parâmetros quanto a concentração de íons apresentaram seus valores abaixo do máximo recomendado pela resolução do CONAMA 357/2005 para águas de classe 2. Ambos os trechos avaliados apresentaram teores de areia fina e média como composição predominante nos sedimentos de fundo, com exceção de um ponto em Guayaramerín-BO (RMGua), refletindo na maior concentração de metais nesta amostra. Nos sedimentos de fundo verificou-se a predominância de quartzo, albita, clinocloro, ilita, muscovita e microclina na fração total. A presença de minerais pesados como a andaluzita, augita e rutilo foram visualizadas no trecho Solimões/Amazonas onde esta ocorrência pode ser associada às formações Içá e Solimões. A análise de correlação permitiu avaliar que metais como Fe, Pb e Ni possuem alta correlação com a composição mineralógica do trecho Solimões/Amazonas. A alta correlação entre o Zn e Fe com o teor de SO42- indica a relação destes com os depósitos de pirita, entretanto não se descarta a influência das atividades mineradoras muito difundidas na região. Na análise de PCA foi possível observar que a dispersão entre os dados, tanto no trecho Solimões/Amazonas quanto no Madeira/Amazonas, são causados por fatores de origem natural, apesar da alta incidência de atividades antrópicas, principalmente na bacia do Rio Madeira.

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CHEA, ANTHONY NIMELY. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUNDWATER FOR DRINKING AND IRRIGATION IN HISAR, HARYANA, INDIA." Thesis, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/20041.

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Groundwater is a valuable resource. The inhabitants of Hisar, India, rely on groundwater for drinking and agricultural purposes. Consequently, thirty samples of groundwater were fetched and hydro chemically assessed for physicochemical parameters. Assessment reveals that approximately 72% of all analyzed parameters exceeded the WHO drinking water standards, and about 43% surpassed BIS standards. Water Quality Index (WQI) shows that 60% of the groundwater is unfit, 24% is poor, and 16% is good for drinking. Irrigation index from the US salinity diagram suggests the following classes: 43.33% C3-S1, 36.67% C4-S1, 13.33% C4-S2, and 6.67% C2- S1. Residual sodium carbonate depicts 50% irrigation suitability. Soluble sodium percent, Kelly’s ratio, and magnesium hazard suggest 64% unsuitability for the former two, with the latter recording 97% of the water unfit. Base exchange and infiltration type show that 97% of the water is Na+- SO4- type and is deep meteoric. Gibb’s diagrams recommend that there is a dissolution of rocks minerals in the area. Piper Trilinear classification depicts that most water is of the Mixed Ca-Mg-Cl type followed by NaCl type. The order of significant positive ions is Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+, and significant negative ions of the samples analyzed is Cl - > HCO3- > SO42- > CO32 > F- > PO43-. Correlation analysis reveals that EC, TDS, and salinity correlated significantly with Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+ and Li; pH negatively connected with 50% of all parameters. With a cumulative variance of 83.57%, Principal component analysis pulls out five significant components.

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Книги з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Weissberg, I. Characterization of hydrological and hydrochemical cycles as a tool for evaluation of environmental impact of mining in Serra dos Carajas, Amazonia, Brazil. S.l: s.n, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Todorović, Maja, Jana Štrbački, Marina Ćuk, Jakov Andrijašević, Jovana Šišović, and Petar Papić. "Mineral and Thermal Waters of Serbia: Multivariate Statistical Approach to Hydrochemical Characterization." In Mineral and Thermal Waters of Southeastern Europe, 81–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25379-4_5.

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Gouasmia, Mouez, Abdelkader Mhamdi, Ferid Dhahri, and Mohamed Soussi. "Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Characterization of Mejel Bel Abbes Aquifer (West-Central Tunisia)." In New Prospects in Environmental Geosciences and Hydrogeosciences, 547–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72543-3_123.

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Legrioui, Radhia, Fethi Baali, Ilhem Abdeslam, Amor Hamad, Philippe Audra, Didier Cailhol, and Stéphane Jaillet. "Hydrochemical and Isotopic Characterization of Karst Aquifer in the Region of Tebessa, Northeast Algeria." In Advances in Karst Science, 223–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14015-1_25.

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Barberá, J. A., and B. Andreo. "Duality of Functioning in a Karst System Under Mediterranean Climate Conditions, Deduced from Hydrochemical Characterization." In Advances in Research in Karst Media, 189–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12486-0_29.

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Sánchez, D., B. Andreo, M. López, M. J. González, and M. Mudarra. "Characterization of Carbonate Aquifers (Sierra de Grazalema, S Spain) by Means of Hydrodynamic and Hydrochemical Tools." In Hydrogeological and Environmental Investigations in Karst Systems, 171–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17435-3_20.

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Denimal, Sophie, Catherine Bertrand, Marc Steinmann, and Nicolas Carry. "Comparison of Flow Processes in Drains and Low Permeability Volumes of a Karst System in the French Jura Mountains: High-Resolution Hydrochemical Characterization During a Flood Event." In EuroKarst 2016, Neuchâtel, 303–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45465-8_29.

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Delgado, F., M. Manzano, E. Lozano, E. Custodio, and C. Coleto. "Hydrochemical characterization of ground and surface waters in 'the Cotos' area, Donana National Park, southwestern Spain." In Groundwater and Human Development. Taylor & Francis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439833599.ch18.

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Belghitia, Moulay Lafdil, Abdelkader Chahlaoui, Abdelhak Saidi, Elhammioui Youssef, and Driss Bengoumi. "Hydrochemical and microbiological characterization of the waters of some springs in the province of Elhajeb-Morocco." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (ICGES’22), 28–36. Sciendo, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/9788367405263-005.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Shim, Byoung Ohan, Hanna Choi, and Jaeyeon Kim. "Hydrochemical Characterization in Shallow Geothermal System Operation." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2366.

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Meyers, Zachary, Laura K. Rademacher, Marty D. Frisbee, Sara Warix, Brian Hedlund, and Ariel Friel. "DESERT SPRING CHARACTERIZATION FROM HYDROCHEMICAL DATA ANALYSIS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-285320.

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Oyen, Toritseju, and Duke U. Ophori. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUNDWATER OF THE RARITAN BASIN." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-370961.

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Goyburo, Cindy, Karla Villamar Marazita, Michelle Villalta, Juan Andrés Cedeño, Tomas Vitvar, Priscila Valverde Armas, and Samantha Jiménez Oyola. "Hydrochemical characterization of water in Santa Rosa community, southern Ecuador." In 21st LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (LACCEI 2023): “Leadership in Education and Innovation in Engineering in the Framework of Global Transformations: Integration and Alliances for Integral Development”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2023.1.1.594.

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Beamish, D., B. A. Klinck, and J. Trick. "Ground-Truthing Airborne EM – Hydrochemical Characterization of a Coal Mine Plume." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.a010.

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Trayanova, Mila. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUNDWATER IN MESOZOIC AQUIFERS IN CENTRAL NORTHERN BULGARIA." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/1.2/s02.039.

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Cardona, Antonio, Socrates Alonso Torres, Socrates Alonso Torres, Guillermo Javier Castro Larragoitia, Guillermo Javier Castro Larragoitia, Jorge Aceves de Alba, Jorge Aceves de Alba, José Joel Carrillo-Rivera, and José Joel Carrillo-Rivera. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BRACKISH GROUNDWATER IN LOWER RIO BRAVO AQUIFER, TAMAULIPAS, MEXICO." In 51st Annual GSA South-Central Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017sc-289223.

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Rascon, Kirstie E., and Barry J. Hibbs. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC INPUTS OF SALINITY IN THE EL PASO/JUAREZ VALLEY." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-359249.

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Rascon, Kirstie, Barry J. Hibbs, and Christopher Eastoe. "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC INPUTS OF SALINITY IN THE EL PASO/JUAREZ VALLEY." In 116th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020cd-347548.

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Cardona, Antonio, Cristian Abraham Rivera-Armendariz, Socrates Alonso Torres, and Isidro Montes-Avila. "HYDROCHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW SYSTEMS IN NORTH-CENTRAL MEXICO: IMPLICATIONS FOR WATER MANAGEMENT." In 54th Annual GSA South-Central Section Meeting 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020sc-343820.

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Звіти організацій з теми "HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION"

Richardson, M. High-resolution landscape characterization for modelling terrestrial-aquatic hydrochemical interactions in Precambrian Shield lake districts: Recommendations for the Lac Dasserat science program. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/297769.

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