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1
RAWAT, URVASHI. "INFRARED AND VISIBLE IMAGE FUSION USING HYBRID LWT AND PCA METHOD." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18907.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Image fusion is a method in which all the relevant information is collected from the input source
images and included in few/single output image. Image fusion techniques are divided into two broad
categories: spatial domain and transform domain. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a spatial
domain technique which is computationally simpler and reduces redundant information but has the
demerit of spectral degradation. Lifting wavelet transform (LWT) is a transform domain technique
which has an adaptive design and demands less memory. In this project, a novel hybrid fusion
algorithm has been introduced which combines the LWT and PCA in a parallel manner. These two
fusion methods are applied on Infrared and Visible image data set. Infrared and visible images
contain complementary information and their fusion gives us an output image which is more
informative than the individual source images. The hybrid method is also compared with
conventional fusion techniques like PCA, LWT and DWT. It has been shown that the proposed
method outperforms the conventional methods. The results are analyzed using performance
parameters standard deviation, average value, the average difference, and normalized cross-
correlation.
2
Podes, Christopher. "AC/DC: Let There Be Hybrid Cooling." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3434.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In today’s increasingly energy conscious society, the methods of providing thermal comfort to humans are constantly under scrutiny. Depending on the climate, and the comfort requirements of the occupants, buildings can be designed to heat and cool occupants with passive methods, as well as mechanical methods. In the subtropics, where buildings often need to be heated in the winter and cooled in the summer, a synthesis of these two methods would be ideal. However, there is a disconnect between the integration of passive cooling and mechanical air conditioning, in subtropical architecture.
A study of user attitudes, based out of Australia, found that, “Central control of temperatures has been used to cut demand by preventing users from altering thermostats and other parts of the building for microclimate control. In particular, windows are sealed to prevent tampering.”1 Reliance on air conditioning has the everyday person convinced that if we save energy in the right places, we can use air conditioning as much as we like. The same study goes on to state, “Air-conditioning has been assumed to replace the need for climate design features in buildings creating poor thermal design and high energy use.”2 This can be most clearly seen in our public buildings. Fully conditioned buildings pump cool air into sealed envelopes, adjusting the thermostat to regulate thermal comfort year-round, often in a climate in which mechanical air conditioning is needed only four months of the year, and during the warmest hours of the day. Inversely, ventilated buildings provide passive cooling in a climate in which the temperature and humidity are often too high for thermal comfort during the same four months of the year.
In his book Natural Ventilation in Buildings, Francis Allard points out that the global energy efficiency movement, begun in the early 1990s, has now emerged as a concept that incorporates active air conditioning and sitespecific climate design of buildings into one holistic approach.3 However, these buildings exist in more dry and temperate climates, and do not fully apply to the subtropics as cooling models. A model is needed for subtropical architecture allowing a building to reach both ends of the spectrum; from natural ventilation, through mechanical ventilation, to mechanical air conditioning. The goal of this thesis is to design a hybrid model for subtropical architecture which maximizes the use of natural and mechanical ventilation, and minimizes the use of mechanical air conditioning. The vehicle for this explanation is the design of an educational facility.
Research of thermal comfort needs for occupants in the subtropics was accompanied with observation studies. This research was compared with case study, site and program analysis. The analysis was supplemented by a handbook of passive and mechanical cooling which was compiled to aid in establishing cooling strategies for the design process. The implementation of the research and analysis was brought to a conclusion that successfully achieved the goals of this thesis. By using passive methods to lower the temperature of the air surrounding the classroom buildings, the incoming air used to cool the occupants reached temperatures low enough to be considered comfortable inside the classrooms.
3
Cheng, Ming. "Lot streaming in a two-stage assembly system and a hybrid flow shop." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77197.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this dissertation, we investigate the use of lot streaming in a two-stage assembly system and a two-stage hybrid flow shop in order to improve system performance. Lot streaming accelerates the flow of a production lot through a production process by splitting it into sublots, and then, processing these sublots in an overlapping fashion over the machines, thereby reducing work-in-process and cycle-time. Traditionally, lot streaming has been applied to problems in various flow shop machine configurations. It has also been applied to machine environments of job shop, open shop, and parallel machines. Its application to assembly system is relatively new.
The two-stage assembly system that we consider consists of multiple suppliers at Stage 1 with each supplier producing one type of a subassembly (or a component), and one or more assembly locations at Stage 2, where the subassemblies are then put together. Lot-attached and sublot-attached setup time and cost are encountered on the machines at both the stages, and sublot-attached time and cost are encountered for the transfer of sublots from Stage 1 to Stage 2. Mass customization is an example of such a system in which the final assembly of a product is postponed to capture specific customer demands. Dell Computer constitutes a real-life example of this system. A customer picks his/her computer processor, memory, storage, and other equipment, on Dell's web site. Dell's supply chain is configured to obtain subassemblies from suppliers (stage 1), and then, to assemble the requisite systems in different market areas (stage 2). This enables a reduction in operating cost while improving responsiveness to customers. The problem that we address is as follows: Given a maximum number of sublots of each lot, determine the number of sublots to use (assuming equal sublot sizes), and also, the sequence in which to process the lots, in order to minimize two criteria, namely, makespan, total cost. We propose two column generation-based methods that rely on different decomposition schemes. The results of our computational investigation conducted by using randomly generated data sets reveal that the proposed column generation methods obtain solutions in a few seconds of CPU time while the direct solution by CPLEX of a mixed integer programming model of the problem requires much larger CPU times.
For the hybrid flow shop lot streaming problem, the machine configuration that we consider consists of one machine at Stage 1 and two machines at Stage 2 (designated as 1+2 system). A single lot is to be processed in the system, and the objective is to minimize the makespan. A removal time is associated with each sublot at Stage 1. We present a mixed integer programming model for this problem to determine optimal number of sublots and sublot sizes. First, we consider the case of a given number of sublots for which we develop closed-form expressions to obtain optimal, continuous sublot sizes. Then, we consider determination of optimal number of sublots in addition to their sizes. We develop an upper bound on optimal number of sublots, and use a simple search procedure in conjunction with the closed-form expressions for sublot sizes to obtain an optimal solution. We also consider the problem of determining integer sublot sizes, and propose a heuristic method that directly solves the mixed integer programming model after having fixed values of appropriate variables. The results of our numerical experimentation reveal the efficacy of the proposed method to obtain optimal, continuous sublot sizes, and also, that of the proposed heuristic method to obtain integer sublot sizes, which are within 0.2% of optimal solutions for the testbed of data used, each obtained within a few seconds of CPU time.
The last problem that we address is an extension of the single-lot lot streaming problem for a $1+2$ hybrid flow shop considered above to the case of multiple lots, where each lot contains items of a unique product type. We consider two objectives: minimize makespan, and minimize the sum of the completion times for all the lots. The consideration of multiple lots introduces a complicating issue of sequencing the lots. We use the results derived for the single-lot problem and develop effective heuristic methods for this problem. The results of our computational investigation on the use of different heuristic methods reveal their efficacy in solving this problem.Ph. D.
4
Moretti, Paul. "Performances, modélisation et limites d'un procédé à lit fluidisé associant culture libre et fixée (IFAS) pour le traitement du carbone et de l'azote des eaux résiduaires." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10214/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Motivées par des normes de rejets en azote toujours plus sévères et par les besoins d'extension de certaines stations d'épuration, les agglomérations sont à la recherche de nouvelles technologies de traitement plus compactes et plus performantes. Dans ce sens, le procédé hybride, à lit fluidisé placé dans un réacteur de type boues activées (IFAS), est une nouvelle technologie de traitement du carbone et de l'azote très attractive. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'optimiser le dimensionnement du procédé IFAS en configuration trois bassins (anoxie/aérobie BA/aérobie IFAS) et d'apporter des recommandations sur la conduite du procédé (charge massique appliquée, température.). Pour cela, une double démarche expérimentale et numérique a été mise en place. Un pilote de 3 m3 alimenté en eau usée brute a été conçu, instrumenté et étudié pendant 2 ans au cours de 7 périodes stabilisées (entre 0,15 et 0,30 kgDBO5/kgMVSLM/j, température entre 10 et 22°C, et le séquençage de l'aération dans les bassins). La concentration en MES dans la liqueur mixte a été maintenue à 2,3 gMES/L et la concentration en oxygène entre 2 à 6 mgO2/L. Les capacités de nitrification du biofilm et de la liqueur mixte (NPRmax) ont été mesurées tous les 15 jours. Les performances d'élimination de l'azote (nitrification et dénitrification) et du carbone observées sont restées supérieur à 90% d'élimination pour une charge massique maximale de 0,30 kgDBO5/kgMVSLM/j entre 16 à 24°C. Le biofilm dispose d'une capacité de nitrification maximale de 0,90 gN/m2/j et tributaire des concentrations en oxygène dans la liqueur mixte (contraintes diffusionnelle). Le biofilm contribue en moyenne à hauteur de 60% du flux total nitrifié dans le réacteur IFAS pour des âges de boues < 5 jours à 16°C. La diminution du MLSRT en dessous de 4 jours a permis de limiter le développement des bactéries autotrophes dans la liqueur mixte (minimum 10% du flux total nitrifié par la liqueur mixte) mais pas de les supprimer totalement (apport de nitrifiante par détachement de biofilm)Motivated by the increasingly demanding discharge consents and by the need to improve overall treatment capacity, water authorities are uninterruptedly examining better performing and more compact wastewater treatment technologies. Thanks to its compactness and to its capacity to treat both organic matter and nitrogen at an affordable cost, the IFAS process represents an attractive addition to improve retrofitting-activated sludge plants performance. The main objective of this thesis is to optimize IFAS process with regards to key operation parameters such as dimensioning, F/M ratio by combining experimental and mathematical modelling approaches. A 3 m3 pilot IFAS fed with raw wastewater was operated at the experimental hall of La Feyssine wastewater treatment plant, Villeurbanne, for a period of 2 years. The IFAS process was separated in 3 tanks to treat organic matter and total nitrogen separately (anoxic/aerobic, suspended/aerobic IFAS). The experimental study was divided in 7 periods with different steady state operation conditions each. The feasibility of nitrification at steady F/M ratios (between 0,1S to 0,30 kgBODS/kgMLVSS/d), at constant temperatures (between 10 - 22°C) and at different oxygen supply rates was investigated. TSS in mixed liquor were maintained at 2,3 gMLTSS/L and oxygen concentration between 2 to 6 mgO2/L. Biofilm mass and combined nitrification capacity of biofilm and mixed liquor (NPRmax) were measured on a weekly basis. The removal performance was up to 90% for nitrogen and carbon treatment with a maximal F/M ratio of 0,30 kgBODS/kgMLVSS/d between 16°C to 24 °C. The biofilm was able to nitrify 0,90 gN/m2/d (NPRmax) depending on the oxygen concentration in the mixed liquor (diffusional limitation). Under the operating conditions tested in this study, biofilm was responsible for 40 to 70% of NOx-N production in IFAS reactor during nitrification. Decreasing the MLSRT to less than 4 days limits the growth of autotrophic bacteria in the mixed liquor but does not halt it completely
5
Markowski, Adria Elizabeth. "Planning for Army Force Generation Using Lot Streaming, and Extensions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40346.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As the Army transitions to the Army Force Generation (ARFORGEN) deployment cycle, it must adjust its many operations in support of ARFORGEN. Specifically, the Initial Military Training (IMT) must be able to adjust the scheduling of its classes for newly enlisted service members to finish training such that they fulfill Brigade Combat Team (BCT) requirements within their common due windows. We formulate this problem as a lot streaming problem. Lot streaming splits a batch of jobs into sublots,which are then processed over the machines in an overlapping fashion. To schedule classes for the IMT, there are two stages that must be coordinated: Basic Training (BT) and Advanced Individual Training (AIT). For the Army Force Generation problem, the classes are considered as sublots that are streamed from one stage to the next. For this process, the model formulation must address determination of class sizes and scheduling of soldiers and classes at the two stages such that (1) the start times of the soldiers at Stage 2 are greater than their completion times at Stage 1, and (2) the assignment of requisite number of soldiers is made to each BCT, so as to minimize the total flow time.
We propose a decomposition-based approach for the solution of this problem. In an effort to decompose the problem, the original lot streaming problem is reformulated such that the master problem selects an optimal combination of schedules for training classes and assigning soldiers to BCTs. A complete schedule selected in the master problem includes the assignments of soldiers to classes in BT, AIT, and their assignments to the BCTs, so as to minimize the total flow time as well as earliness and tardiness for regular Army units. Earliness and Tardiness are defined as the length of the time a soldier waits before and after the due date, respectively, of the BCT to which he or she is assigned. Our decomposition-based method enables solution of larger problem instances without running out of memory, and it affords CPU time reductions when compared with the CPU times required for these problem instances obtained via direct application of CPLEX 12.1.
Our investigation into the structure of the problem has enabled further improvement of the proposed decomposition-based method. This improvement is achieved because of a result, which we show, that the first and second-stage scheduling problems need not be solved as one combined subproblem, but rather, they can be solved sequentially, the first stage problem followed by the second stage problem. The combination of Stage 1 and Stage 2 problems as one subproblem creates several additional enumerations of possible schedules the model must generate. By reducing this number of enumerations, the computational effort involved in solving the model reduces significantly, thereby allowing reductions in CPU time. In the Sequential approach, the completion times of soldiers determined at Stage 1 are passed to Stage 2 as bounds on their completion times at Stage 2. We prove that solving the combined subproblem sequentially as two subproblems is optimal when the first stage has no limit on the batch size and the ready times of the soldiers at Stage 1 are the same. For the Army Force Generation problem, we use unequal ready times, and therefore, solving the scheduling problems for the first two stages as sequential subproblems can lead to suboptimal solutions. Our experimental investigation shows efficacy of solving larger-sized problem instances with this method. We also recommend various potential additions to improve the Sequential approach for application to the overall Army problem. We have also demonstrated the use of our methodology to a real-life problem instance. Our methodology results in schedules for IMT with an estimated 28% reduction in mean flow time for soldiers over what is currently experienced in practice.
We apply this Sequential approach to various extensions of the problem on hand that pertain to hybrid flow shop and agile manufacturing environments. Results of our computational investigation show the effectiveness of using the Sequential approach over direct solution by CPLEX from the viewpoint of both optimality gap and the CPU time required. In particular, we consider two different model configurations for a hybrid flow shop and three different model configurations for an agile manufacturing facility.Ph. D.
6
Valaškevičius, Šarūnas. "Simulation tool for hybrid process algebras." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100615_084732-33186.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A hybrid system is a system that presents both continuous time evolution and discrete events. To define and analyse such systems prior to building actual products, a hybrid process algebra can be employed. Simulation is often used as a convenient way for a better understanding of the systems’ evolution and its potential weaknesses.
This study aims at creating a general architecture of the simulation tool for hybrid process algebras, together with a practical implementation of Behavioural Hybrid Process Calculus simulator. For achieving this objective, a list of tasks has been composed, including the analysis of several hybrid process algebra operators, development of an easily extendible architecture of the tool, the definition of the input language, capable of describing BHPC processes, and a programming solution of the simulator.
Together with a simulator tool, a programming solution for the visualisation of hybrid systems’ evolution is created and presented. The application uses Message Sequence Plots diagrams to represent such evolution, which allows a convenient overview and analysis for most of hybrid system simulations.
The currently developed simulation and visualisation tools may be regarded as a working ground for both the usage and further development. The improvement points of the tools should be constantly collected from the user experience and implemented. The long term goal of the work is to achieve an expanding community with the joint effort to create a... [to full text]Hibridinė sistema yra sistema, sudaryta iš laike tolydžios evoliucijos ir diskrečių įvykių. Hibridinių procesų algebros pagalba tokias sistemas galima apibrėžti ir analizuoti dar prieš sukuriant galutinį produktą. Tuo tarpu simuliacija yra dažnai naudojama kaip patogus būdas geresniam sistemos evoliucijos suvokimui ir jos potencialių silpnybių identifikavimui. Šiuo darbu siekiama sukurti bendrą architektūrą hibridinių procesų algebrų simuliavimo įrankiui bei sukurti praktinę priemonę – simuliatorių, skirtą Elgsenos Hibridinių Procesų Algebrai (angl. Behavioural Hybrid Process Calculus – BHPC). Siekiant įgyvendinti šį tikslą, buvo sudarytas užduočių sąrašas, įtraukiant į jį kelių hibridinių procesų algebrų operatorių analizę, nesudėtingai plečiamos programos architektūros sukūrimą, įvedimo kalbos, gebančios aprašyti BHPC procesus, apibrėžimą bei programinio simuliatoriaus sprendimo įgyvendinimą. Hibridinių sistemų evoliucijos vaizdavimui buvo sukurtas programinis sprendimas, naudojantis Pranešimų Sekos Grafiko (angl. Message Sequence Plots) vaizdavimo tipą grafiniam hibridinės evoliucijos atvaizdavimui, kuris suteikia galimybę patogiai apžvelgti ir analizuoti daugumą hibridinių sistemų evoliucijų. Šiuo metu sukurti simuliavimo ir vaizdavimo įrankiai gali būti naudojami praktikoje, tuo pačiu renkant vartotojų patirtį tolesniam jų tobulinimui. Įrankių tobulinimo aspektai turėtų būti nuolatos kaupiami ir įgyvendinami siekiant ilgalaikio šio darbo tikslo – suburti augančią... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Ringienė, Laura. "Hybrid neural network for multidimensional data visualization." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140912_140117-42267.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The area of research is data mining based on multidimensional data visual analysis. This allows researcher to participate in the process of data analysis directly, to understand the complex data better and to make the best decisions. The objective of the dissertation is to create a method for making a multidimensional data projection on the plane such that the researcher could see and assess the intergroup similarities and differences of multidimensional points. In order to achieve the target, a new hybrid neural network is proposed and investigated. This neural network integrates the ideas both of the radial basis function neural network and that of a multilayer perceptron, which has the properties of a ''bottleneck'' neural network. The new network is used for the visual analysis of multidimensional data in such a way that the output values of the neurons of the last hidden layer are the two-dimensional or three-dimensional projections of the multidimensional data, when the multidimensional data is given to the network. A peculiarity of the network is that the visualization results on the plane reflect the general structure of the data (clusters, proximity between clusters, intergroup similarities of points) rather than the location of multidimensional points.Šio darbo tyrimų sritis yra duomenų tyryba remiantis daugiamačių duomenų vizualia analize. Tai leidžia tyrėjui betarpiškai dalyvauti duomenų analizės procese, geriau pažinti sudėtingus duomenis ir priimti geriausius sprendimus. Disertacijos tikslas yra sukurti metodą tokios duomenų projekcijos radimui plokštumoje, kad tyrėjas galėtų pamatyti ir įvertinti daugiamačių taškų tarpgrupinius panašumus/skirtingumus. Šiam tikslui pasiekti yra pasiūlytas radialinių bazinių funkcijų ir daugiasluoksnio perceptrono, turinčio ,,butelio kaklelio“ neuroninio tinklo savybes, junginys. Naujas tinklas naudojamas vizualiai daugiamačių duomenų analizei, kai atidėjimui plokštumoje arba trimatėje erdvėje taškai gaunami paskutinio paslėpto neuronų sluoksnio išėjimuose, kai į tinklo įėjimą paduodami daugiamačiai duomenys. Šio tinklo ypatybė yra ta, kad gautas vaizdas plokštumoje labiau atspindi bendrą duomenų struktūrą (klasteriai, klasterių tarpusavio artumas, taškų tarpklasterinis panašumas) nei daugiamačių taškų tarpusavio išsidėstymą.
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Treideris, Marius. "Formation and investigation of hybryd nanostructures." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20111102_110700-00011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past decade, the intensive development of nanotechnology was made to increase significantly the number of methods to form the structures of a size between 1 and 100 nm. It should be emphasized that nanostructured materials are interesting both because of perspectives in practical applications and new physical phenomena. In this work the electrochemical technique for the control of morphology of porous silicon matrix developed. Hybrid por-Si structures with metals were made. The method for infiltration of biomolecules into the porous silicon structures was developed and the interaction between silicon and bio-molecules was investigated. GaP nanostructures were formed by electrochemical etching and the possibilities of their application for gas sensors were estimated. Nanoporous and Fe-doped silica films on Si were made and the developed structures were characterized by their structural, optical or magnetic properties.Pastarąjį dešimtmetį, intensyviai vystantis nanotechnologijoms, ženkliai išaugo technologinių metodų, įgalinančių suformuoti darinius, kuriuose elementų dydžiai būtų tarp 1 ir 100 nm, paieška. Šiai specifinei nanostruktūrinių medžiagų grupei skiriamas ypatingas dėmesys dėl naujų fizikinių reiškinių ir ypač - praktinių taikymų, kuriuos atveria šie dariniai. Šiame darbe aptariamos elektrocheminės technologijos, skirtos kontroliuojamos morfologijos porėtojo silicio formavimui. Suformuoti hibridiniai por-Si dariniai su metalais. Sukurta biomolekulių įterpimo į porėtuosius silicio darinius technologija bei tirta biomolekulių sąveika su kietakūniais padėklais. Nagrinėjami GaP nanodarinių formavimo elektrocheminio ėsdinimo būdu dėsningumai bei jų taikymo galimybės dujų sensoriuose. Įsisavinta nanoporėtųjų dielektrinių terpių ir hibridinių nanodarinių formavimo technologija bei tirtos jų savybės.
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Singh, Sanchit. "Modeling, Analysis, and Algorithmic Development of Some Scheduling and Logistics Problems Arising in Biomass Supply Chain, Hybrid Flow Shops, and Assembly Job Shops." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91466.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this work, we address a variety of problems with applications to `ethanol production from biomass', `agile manufacturing' and `mass customization' domains. Our motivation stems from the potential use of biomass as an alternative to non-renewable fuels, the prevalence of `flexible manufacturing systems', and the popularity of `mass customization' in today's highly competitive markets. Production scheduling and design and optimization of logistics network mark the underlying topics of our work. In particular, we address three problems, Biomass Logistics Problem, Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem, and Stochastic Demand Assembly Job Scheduling Problem.
The Biomass Logistics Problem is a strategic cost analysis for setup and operation of a biomass supply chain network that is aimed at the production of ethanol from switchgrass. We discuss the structural components and operations for such a network. We incorporate real-life GIS data of a geographical region in a model that captures this problem. Consequently, we develop and demonstrate the effectiveness of a `Nested Benders' based algorithm for an efficient solution to this problem.
The Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem concerns with production scheduling of a lot over a two-stage hybrid flow shop configuration of machines, and is often encountered in `flexible manufacturing systems'. We incorporate the use of `lot-streaming' in order to minimize the makespan value. Although a general case of this problem is NP-hard, we develop a pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for a special case of this problem when the sublot sizes are treated to be continuous. The case of discrete sublot sizes is also discussed for which we develop a branch-and-bound-based method and experimentally demonstrate its effectiveness in obtaining a near-optimal solution.
The Stochastic Demand Assembly Job Scheduling Problem deals with the scheduling of a set of products in a production setting where manufacturers seek to fulfill multiple objectives such as `economy of scale' together with achieving the flexibility to produce a variety of products for their customers while minimizing delivery lead times. We design a novel methodology that is geared towards these objectives and propose a Lagrangian relaxation-based algorithm for efficient computation.Doctor of Philosophy
In this work, we organize our research efforts in three broad areas - Biomass Supply Chain, Hybrid Flow Shop, and Assembly Job Shop, which are separate in terms of their application but connected by scheduling and logistics as the underlying functions. For each of them, we formulate the problem statement and identify the challenges and opportunities from the viewpoint of mathematical decision making. We use some of the well known results from the theory of optimization and linear algebra to design effective algorithms in solving these specific problems within a reasonable time limit. Even though the emphasis is on conducting an algorithmic analysis of the proposed solution methods and in solving the problems analytically, we strive to capture all the relevant and practical features of the problems during formulation of each of the problem statement, thereby maintaining their applicability. The Biomass Supply Chain pertains to the production of fuel grade ethanol from naturally occurring biomass in the form of switchgrass. Such a system requires establishment of a supply chain and logistics network that connects the production fields at its source, the intermediate points for temporary storage of the biomass, and bio-energy plant and refinery at its end for conversion of the cellulosic content in the biomass to crude oil and ethanol, respectively. We define the components and operations necessary for functioning of such a supply chain. The Biomass Logistics Problem that we address is a strategic cost analysis for setup and operation of such a biomass supply chain network. We focus our attention to a region in South Central Virginia and use the detailed geographic map data to obtain land use pattern in the region. We conduct survey of existing literature to obtain various transportation related cost factors and costs associated with the use of equipment. Our ultimate aim here is to understand the feasibility of running a biomass supply chain in the region of interest from an economic standpoint. As such, we represent the Biomass Logistics Problem with a cost-based optimization model and solve it in a series of smaller problems. A Hybrid Flow Shop (HFS) is a configuration of machines that is often encountered in the flexible manufacturing systems, wherein a particular station of machines can execute processing of jobs/tasks simultaneously. In our work, we approach a specific type of HFS, with a single machine at the first stage and multiple identical machines at the second stage. A batch or lot of jobs/items is considered for scheduling over such an HFS. Depending upon the area of application, such a batch is either allowed to be split into continuous sections or restricted to be split in discrete sizes only. The objective is to minimize the completion time of the last job on its assigned machine at the second stage. We call this problem, Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem, which is known to be a hard problem in literature. We aim to derive the results which will reduce the complexity of this problem, and develop both exact as well as heuristic methods in order to obtain near-optimal solution to this problem. An Assembly Job Shop is a variant of the classical Job Shop which considers scheduling a set of assembly operations over a set of assembly machines. Each operation can only be started once all the other operations in its precedence relationship are completed. Assembly Job Shop are at the core of some of the highly competitive manufacturing facilities that are principled on the philosophy of Mass Customization. Assuming an inherent nature of demand uncertainty, this philosophy aims to achieve ‘economy of scale’ together with flexibility to produce a variety of products for the customers while minimizing the delivery lead times simultaneously. We incorporate some of these challenges in a concise framework of production scheduling and call this problem as Stochastic Demand Assembly Job Scheduling Problem. We design a novel methodology that is geared towards achieving the set objectives and propose an effective algorithm for efficient computation.
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Furlan, Marcos Mansano. "Métodos heurísticos para o problema de dimensionamento de lotes multiestágio com limitação de capacidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-16052011-162401/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O problema de dimensionamento de lotes determina um plano de produção que apoia às tomadas de decisões, a médio prazo, em meios industriais. Este plano de produção indica as quantidades de cada item que devem ser produzidas em cada período do horizonte de planejamento, de acordo com um objetivo dado e satisfazendo a demanda dos clientes. Diversos métodos de solução foram propostas na literatura, considerando a dificuldade de solução de algumas classes de problemas e a necessidade de métodos que gerem soluções de alta qualidade em um tempo computacional adequado. Neste trabalho, abordamos heurísticas baseadas na formulação matemática (LP-and-fix, relax-and-fix e fix-and-optimize), uma metaheurística (algoritmo de abelhas) e dois métodos híbridos, utilizados na solução de dois problemas distintos de dimensionamento de lotes multiestá- gio com limitação de capacidade. Consideramos também, a utilização de três formulações da literatura, para verificar a influência de cada uma sobre as abordagens de solução verificadas. Os resultados computacionais demonstraram que os métodos baseados na formulação matemática do problema se mostraram eficientes, mas limitados normalmente a ótimos locais, enquanto os métodos híbridos puderam superar estes ótimos locais, utilizando conceitos da metaheurística algoritmo de abelhas para isto. Além disso, pudemos verificar a influência de uma formulação \"forte\" sobre as soluções geradas pelas abordagens de solução, demonstrando que métodos baseados em relaxação linear conseguem obter maiores vantagens deste tipo de formulação, mas outras abordagens podem ou não obter estas vantagens, dependendo do problema abordadoThe lot-sizing problem determines a production plan, which supports the decision making, in the medium term, at the industrial environment. This production plan indicates the amounts of each item to be produced in each period of the planning horizon, according to a given objective and satisfying customer\'s demand. Diverse solution methods have been proposed in the literature, considering the difficulty of solving some problem classes and the need of methods to generate solutions quickly. In this work, we develop matheuristics (LP-and-fix, relax-and-fix and fix-and-optimize), one metaheuristic (bees algorithm) and two hybrid methods, used to solve two different multilevel capacitated lot-sizing problems. We also consider the use of three different formulations of the literature to verify the influence of each one on the solutions approaches. The computational results show that the matheuristics proved to be efficient, but usually limited to local optima, while the hybrid methods could escape from these local optima, using concepts of bees algorithm to do this. Additionally, we test the effect of a tight formulation on the solutions approaches, demonstrating that LP-based heuristics can obtain further advantages from this type of formulation, but other approaches can take these advantages, depending on the problem addressed
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Champagnat, Ronan. "Supervision des systèmes discontinus : définition d'un modèle hybride et pilotage en temps-réel." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30185.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse traite de la supervision des systèmes discontinus. Ce sont des systèmes qui transforment une matière première de type continu par l'intermédiaire d'équipements continus ou discontinus travaillant par lots. Après avoir rappelé le cas discret, nous présentons les particularités des systèmes discontinus. Cette étude nous permet de bien spécifier les besoins pour la modélisation et d'étudier les extensions des réseaux de Pétri pouvant représenter des systèmes hybrides. Ensuite, nous définissons formellement un modèle hybride, basé sur la combinaison d'un réseau de Pétri prédicats-transitions et de systèmes d'équations différentielles algébriques : les réseaux prédicats-transitions-différentiels. Les interactions entre les deux outils mathématiques sont formellement définies par l'introduction de fonctions de sensibilisation (tests sur les variables continues) et de jonction (calculs des valeurs initiales des variables continues). Afin de faciliter l'obtention d'un modèle dans le cadre des systèmes de grande taille, nous définissons formellement la fusion statique et la fusion dynamique de transitions dans le cadre des réseaux ordinaires et prédicats-transitions-différentiels. Puis nous donnons un ensemble de définitions permettant de garantir qu'un modèle est calculable s'il est composé de sous-modèles calculables. Il est alors possible d'avoir une approche modulaire pour l'obtention d'un modèle. Cette étude se termine par la présentation d'un algorithme de simulation des réseaux prédicats-transitions-différentiels. Dans la dernière partie, nous traitons la problématique de la supervision des systèmes discontinus. Dans un premier temps nous comparons les graphes potentiels et les réseaux de Pétri, ce qui nous permet de mettre en évidence un ensemble de contraintes venant du niveau ordonnancement et devant être pris en compte pour le pilotage en temps-réel du système. Puis dans un second temps nous proposons une approche pour le pilotage en temps-réel
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Grunskis, Vytautas. "Kai kurių abiotinių veiksnių įtaka hibridinės drebulės (P. tremuloides × P. tremula) adaptacijai ex vitro sąlygomis." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100621_113735-14333.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Magistro darbe tiriama kai kurių abiotinių veiksnių įtaka hibridinės drebulės adaptacijai ex vitro sąlygomis. Darbo objektas – Smulkiadantės tuopos x drebulės (Populus tremuloides x Populus tremula) hibridas. Darbo tikslas – Nustatyti temperatūros ir substrato pH įtaką hibridinės drebulės mikroūglių adaptacijai ex vitro sąlygomis. Darbo metodai – Temperatūros ir pH įtaka adaptacijai ex vitro sąlygoms. Darbo rezultatai: Mikroūglių be šaknų, paruoštų perkėlimui į daigintuves, poveikis skirtinga temperatūra parodė, kad geriausiai mikroūgliai adaptavosi prieš tai palaikyti 12 val. +4 ºC temperatūroje. Genotipų reakcija į skirtingas temperatūros sąlygas skyrėsi nežymiai. Adaptuojamus ex vitro sąlygose hibridinės drebulės mikroūglius rekomenduojama laistyti tirpalais, kurių pH (5,5–6) artimas arba šiek tiek didesnis už fiziologinį. Augimo reguliatoriai, PBZ ir ABR, gali būti naudojami hibridinės drebulės mikroūglių adaptacijos ex vitro sąlygose pagerinimui, ypač mažiau adaptacijai palankiomis sąlygomis (kai pH 5).This master thesis researches some effects of abiotic factors on adaptation of the hybrid aspen under ex vitro conditions. Object of the research – Hybrid aspen (Populus tremuloides x Populus tremula). Purpose of the research – Defining the impact of temperature and pH substrate on adaptation of the hybrid aspen under ex vitro conditions. Research methods – The impact of temperature and pH substrate on adaptation under ex vitro conditions. Results of the research: The effect of different temperature on rootless micro plantlets prepared for planting shows that the best results of adaptation are achieved when micro plantlets are disposed to temperature of +4 ºC for 12 hours. The reaction of genotypes to different temperature conditions is of no significant importance. For better adaptation under ex vitro conditions, it is recommended to water micro plantlets with solutions that have the same pH (5,5 – 6) or minimally larger than physiological saline. Plant growth regulators, such as PBZ and ABR, can also be used for better adaptation results under ex vitro conditions, especially under less favourable conditions (when pH is 5).
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Narmontas, Andrius. "Hibridinio (gauruotojo) alksnio (Alnus x hybrida A. Braun ex Rcchb) mikrodauginimo audinių kultūroje sąlygų ištyrimas ir augalų – regenerantų išauginimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130621_144020-33309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Darbo objektas – alksnio genties medžiai (juodalksnis (Alnus glutinosa L.), baltalksnis (Alnus incana L.) ir hibridinis (gauruotasis) alksnis (Alnus x hybrida A. Braun ex Rcchb). Darbo tikslas – ištirti hibridinio alksnio (Alnus x hybrida A. Braun ex Rcchb) mikrodauginimo audinių kultūroje sąlygas ir išauginti augalus – regenerantus. Darbo metodai – šiame darbe pasirinktas informacijos rinkimo metodas – eksperimentinis tyrimas. Eksperimentinio tyrimo etapai: 1. eksplantų paruošimas sterilinimui ir sterilinimas; 2. maitinamosios terpės ruošimas; 3. augalų regenerantų kultivavimas; 4. duomenų rinkimas, apdorojimas ir rezultatų analizė. Darbo rezultatai: Dauginamosios medžiagos sterilinimui tinkamiausias yra aseptikas „ACE“ ir sidabro nitratas AgNO3, nes priklausomai nuo genotipo, 89–93 procentai eksplantų išliko be užkrato. Nepaisant genotipo kalius 100 procentų susidarė ant visų mikroūglių, skyrėsi tik jo susidarymo laikas. Nustatyta, kad tinkamiausias mikroūglių regeneracijai yra BAP (citokininas) augimo reguliatorius. Hibridinis alksnis mikroūglių skaičiumi aplenkė juodalksnį ir baltalksnį. Didžiausias dauginimo galimybes turi alksnio hibridas, nes iš vieno kaliaus išaugusių mikroūglių skaičius buvo didžiausias.Final work of University Postgraduate Studies studied the hybrid alder tissue culture and micropropagation of plants–regenerants grown. Research subject – genus alder trees (alder (Alnus glutinosa L.), gray alder (Alnus incana L.) and hybrid (Woolly) alder (Alnus x hybrida A. Braun ex Rcchb). Research aim – to investigate the hybrid alder (Alnus x hybrida A. Braun ex Rcchb) micropropagation conditions in the culture of tissue and to grow crops–regenerants. The experimental phases of the study: 1. the preparation to sterilized explants and sterilization; 2. the preparation of nutrient medium; 3. the cultivation of regenerants–plants; 4. collection, processing of data and analysis of the results. The results – The aseptic „ACE“ and silver nitrate AgNO3 is the most suitable for the sterilization, because depending on the genotype, 89-93 percent of the explants remained free of infection. Despite of genotype callus formed 100 percent on the every microshoots, only in the different time of life. It was found out the best growth regulator of microshoots regeneration is BAP (cytokinin). Hybrid alder by the number of microshoots outsriped alder and gray alder. The biggest opportunities of propagation has hybrid alder because the biggest number of microshoots grown from a single callus.
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Ducote, Julien. "Limites de l'intégration des masques de gravure et d'un matériau diélectrique hybride pour la fabrication des interconnexions en microélectronique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00668087.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
À partir des noeuds technologiques 45nm, les lignes métalliques des interconnexions des composants microélectroniques sont isolées entre elles par des matériaux diélectriques à faible permittivité (SiOCH poreux). Ces matériaux poreux sont sensibles aux procédés de fabrication et leur dégradation doit être minimisée afin de conserver de bonnes performances électriques et mécaniques. De plus, la réduction des dimensions des lignes métalliques se traduit par une augmentation de la résistivité du cuivre. Pour limiter cette dernière, des travaux sont menés sur la métallurgie et le contrôle de la rugosité des lignes de cuivre. Ce travail se focalise sur deux limites rencontrées lors de la fabrication de structures d'interconnexions : d'une part lors du transfert par gravure plasma de motifs à partir d'un masque métallique ou organique dans les matériaux SiOCH poreux, et d'autre part lors de l'intégration d'un matériau SiOCH hybride, rendu poreux soit après l'étape de gravure ou de métallisation des tranchées. En particulier, il est mis en évidence que les masques de gravure peuvent entraîner une déformation des profils au cours des procédés de gravure plasma des structures sous l'effet de la relaxation de contraintes mécaniques pour les masques métalliques ou de la modification de leur composition pour les masques organiques. Une étude préliminaire, sur le transfert de la rugosité de bord de ligne (LWR) pendant l'étape de gravure, menée à l'aide d'un CD-AFM, est présentée. L'intérêt de l'intégration du matériau SiOCH sous sa forme hybride pour répondre à la problématique de la dégradation des SiOCH poreux par les procédés impliqués lors de la fabrication des niveaux d'interconnexions est démontré.
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Ducoté, Julien. "Limites de l'intégration des masques de gravure et d'un matériau diélectrique hybride pour la fabrication des interconnexions en microélectronique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00714269.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
À partir des noeuds technologiques 45nm, les lignes métalliques des interconnexions des composants microélectroniques sont isolées entre elles par des matériaux diélectriques à faible permittivité (SiOCH poreux). Ces matériaux poreux sont sensibles aux procédés de fabrication et leur dégradation doit être minimisée afin de conserver de bonnes performances électriques et mécaniques. De plus, la réduction des dimensions des lignes métalliques se traduit par une augmentation de la résistivité du cuivre. Pour limiter cette dernière, des travaux sont menés sur la métallurgie et le contrôle de la rugosité des lignes de cuivre. Ce travail se focalise sur deux limites rencontrées lors de la fabrication de structures d'interconnexions : d'une part lors du transfert par gravure plasma de motifs à partir d'un masque métallique ou organique dans les matériaux SiOCH poreux, et d'autre part lors de l'intégration d'un matériau SiOCH hybride, rendu poreux soit après l'étape de gravure ou de métallisation des tranchées. En particulier, il est mis en évidence que les masques de gravure peuvent entraîner une déformation des profils au cours des procédés de gravure plasma des structures sous l'effet de la relaxation de contraintes mécaniques pour les masques métalliques ou de la modification de leur composition pour les masques organiques. Une étude préliminaire, sur le transfert de la rugosité de bord de ligne (LWR) pendant l'étape de gravure, menée à l'aide d'un CD-AFM, est présentée. L'intérêt de l'intégration du matériau SiOCH sous sa forme hybride pour répondre à la problématique de la dégradation des SiOCH poreux par les procédés impliqués lors de la fabrication des niveaux d'interconnexions est démontré.
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Lefaucheur, Julien. "Astronomie gamma depuis le sol et l'espace : premières analyses du réseau hybride HESS-II et recherche de candidats blazars parmi les sources non identifiées du Fermi-LAT." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
: Ce manuscrit traite d'astronomie y de haute énergie (entre ~30 GeV et ~300 GeV) par l'intermédiaire du satellite Fermi-LAT et d'astronomie γ de très haute énergie (au-delà de GeV) via l'expérience H. E. S. S. La seconde phase de l'expérience H. E. S. S. A débuté en juillet 2012 avec l'ajout d'un cinquième télescope de 28 m de diamètre au réseau initialement constitué de quatre télescopes de 12m de diamètre d'imagerie atmosphérique Tcherenkov. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, nous présentons le-développement d'une analyse en mode hybride basée sur une méthode multivariée dédiée à la détection et à l'étude de sources ayant des caractéristiques spectrales différentes ainsi que les premiers résultats des analyses de données réelles. La seconde partie est dédiée à la recherche des candidats blazars parmi les sources non identifiées du Fermi-LAT du catalogue 2FGL. Un premier travail est consacré à l'identification des candidats blazars à l'aide de méthodes multivariées utilisant des variables discriminantes construites à partir des paramètres du catalogue 2FGL. Dans un second temps, à l'aide du catalogue de sources infrarouges obtenues par le satellite WISE et d'une méthode non-paramétrique nous recherchons les contreparties de type blazars des sources non-identifiéesThis manuscript is about high energy -γ-ray astronomy (between GeV and GeV) with the Fermi-LAT satellite and very high energy astronomy above ~GeV) via the H. E. S. S. Experiment. The second phase of the H. E. S. S. Experiment began in July 2012 with the inauguration of a fifth 28 m diameter telescope added to the intial array composed of four 12m diameter imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. In the first part of this thesis, we present the development of an analysis in hybrid mode based on a multivariate method dedicated to detect and study sources with different spectral shapes and the first analysis results on real data. The second part is dedicated to the research of blazar candidates among the Fermi-LAT unidentified sources of the 2FGL catalog. A first development is based on a multivariate approach using discriminant parameters built with the 2FGL catalog parameters. A second development is done with the use of the WISE satellite catalog and a non-parametric technic in order to find the blazar-like infrared counterparts of the unidentified sources of the 2FGL catalog
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Milaknis, Tautvydas. "Investicijų į naujos paslaugos diegimą pagrindimas ir efektyvumo vertinimas." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130730_105840-45554.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe siekiama pagrįsti naujos paslaugos – hibridinių serverių nuomos investicijų diegimą ir atlikti investicijų efektyvumo vertinimą. Naujos paslaugos rinkoje daro didžiulę įtaką rinkos procesams. Nors daugeliu atvejų paslaugos savybės ir nauda yra sunkiai apskaičiuojama, jos gamyba ir vartojimas vyksta kartu. Paslaugų sektoriui skiriama vis daugiau dėmesio, nes jis laikomas ekonomikos varikliu, kuris laikui bėgant paveikė darbo ir užimtumo santykius, šalių augimą ir plėtrą, aplinkos sąlygas, kainas bei konkurencines galimybes. Darbo teorinėje dalyje analizuojama naujos paslaugos rinkoje reikšmė bendrąja prasme ir aptariamos investicijos į paslaugas, apžvelgimai investicijų efektyvumo vertinimo metodai. Darbo praktinėje dalyje aprašoma hibridinių serverių nuomos paslauga ir atliekamas investicijų poreikio pagrindimas. Įvertinamas investicinio projekto efektyvumas išskiriant dvi alternatyvas. Atrinktosios alternatyvos rizika įvertinama taikant jautrumo analizės ir scenarijaus metodus.The main intention for the final bachelor thesis is to substantiate implementation of new services – investments given for the rental of hybrid servers and accomplish an efficiency evaluation of investments. New services have a major impact on market processes. Although in many cases it is difficult to measure features and benefits of the services, its production and consumption are being used together. At the moment, the services sector is receiving even larger attention as it is considered as the economic engine which has eventually impacted on labor and employment relations, the country's growth and development, environmental conditions, pricing, and competitive opportunities. The theory part of this work analizes value of new services in the market, explains more about an investment in services and overlooks an efficiency evaluation methods of investment. Practical part describes the meaning of the hybrid server hosting service, and shows an exact substantiation for the investment needs. Furthermore, these papers are evaluating an efficiency of the investment project, which has been devided in to alternatives. Risk of the selected alternatives is assessed using sensitivity and scenario analysis methods.
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Rastenienė, Loreta. "Hibridinių fotoninių kristalų optinės savybės." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080924_181352-25546.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Paskutiniais dešimtmečiais puslaidininkių fizika vaidino svarbų vaidmenį beveik kiekvienoje šiuolaikinių technologijų srityje. Šiame greitai besikeičiančiame pasaulyje mūsų jau nebetenkina supantys buities ir darbo prietaisai, valdomi naudojantis elektronais. Mums reikalingas didesnis kompiuterių operatyvumas, didesnė atminties talpa, greitesnis telekomunikacinis ryšys, ir todėl reikalingos naujos technologijos bei sprendimai. Naujas žingsnis fotoninės struktūros. Žinių ir technologijų pasiekimai leidžia fotoninių sturktūrų savybes taikyti šviesos valdymui. Dabartiniame optinės fizikos tyrinėjimų etape šviesos sąveika su medžiaga labai aktuali: ji gali atrodyti universali ir invariantiška, kadangi šviesa jau kontroliuojama pasitelkus hibridinius fotoninius kristalus. Šių darinių tyrimai patrauklūs tiek fundamentaliam, tiek taikomajam mokslui. Į opalą infiltravę skystąjį kristalą, gauname hibridinį fotoninį kristalą. Jo optines savybes galima keisti priklausomai nuo infiltruotos medžiagos lūžio rodiklio. Fotoniniai kristalai, reikia tikėtis, bus taikomi ateities fotoniniuose įrenginiuose, telekomunikacijoje. Su šia sritimi siejamos tokios pat ar net didesnės viltys, kokios buvo siejamos su prieš 50 metų išrastu puslaidininkiniu tranzistoriumi, pakeitusiu techniką ir davusiu impulsą naujoms mokslo kryptims.
Teoriškai fotoninių kristalų egzistavimą nepriklausomai vienas nuo kito 1987 metais pirmieji aprašė E.Jablonovičius ir S. Johnas. Tačiau prireikė dar dešimt metų, kol buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]We live in the rapidly developing technological world. However, fields of communication, computer memory, and data processing require considerable improvements. The speed of data transportation is acceptable but capacity is low. There is a growing need for new technologies that rapidly detect and treat diseases at an early stage or even pre-stage. When we get accustomed to the advance, we demand more compact, energy-efficient, rapidly-responding and environmentally-safe technologies. During the last century this problem was solved by switching to transportation of electronic data, which connected people around the world. This approach had changed our lives, but about twenty years ago this technology reached its limits, while need for an even higher transportation capacity increases. Now we need faster computers and other state-of-the-art technological solutions: electrons are too slow and we have to use photons. Over the last decade, the steady progress regarding ability to fabricate hybrid photonic nanostructures led to a rich variety of different one-, two-, and three-dimensional dielectric/organic and/or metallic periodic structures. They demonstrate qualitatively new and fascinating linear-optical, nonlinear-optical, and quantum-optical features which provide an unprecedented control of light propagation and light-matter interaction. Photonic-based technology, coupled with nanotechnology, can meet many of these challenges. In this work fabrication of hybrid photonic... [to full text]
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Ručinskas, Robertas. "Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite (Frpc) Bridges And Their Construction Perspectives In Lithuania." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110620_141735-19839.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this thesis technical and economic analysis of Fiber Reinforced Composite Polymer (FRPC) bridges was performed. Current condition and main issues of conventional bridges in the world and in Lithuania are assessed, main defects are indicated. In this thesis FRPC is considered as an alternative solution for bridge construction. Application range of FRPC for bridge construction is classified and actual bridge examples are analysed. Further, main properties of FRPC are introduced, taking into account influence of material composition, manufacturing technology, long term effects and advantages over conventional materials. Load-deformation, failure behavior analysis of FRPC bridge decks and bridges revealed advantages over conventional bridge solutions and design issues. In addition, existing codes for FRPC bridge design are analysed, design peculiarities are emphasized and current problems are identified. Performed Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis revealed financial viability of FRPC bridges. Finally, main conclusions and problems to be solved are stated and FRPC application potential for bridges construction in Lithuania is suggested. Performed analysis revealed that FRPC application for bridges construction is technically and economically viable solution.Šiame magistriniame darbe atlikta Pluoštais Armuotų Polimerinių Kompozitinių (PAPK) tiltų techninė ir ekonominė analizė. Nagrinėjama esama pasaulio ir Lietuvos tiltų būklė, nustatytos būdingos problemos bei defektai. Šiame darbe PAPK yra svarstoma kaip alternativi medžiaga tiltų statybai. Atlikta PAPK panaudojimo klasifikacija tiltų statybai, analizuojami esami PAPK tiltų pavyzdžiai bei jų paplitimas. Toliau nustatomos mechaninės bei fizinės PAPK savybės, atsižvelgiant į medžiagos sandarą, gamybos būdą, ilagalaikius veiksnius ir privalumus lyginant su plienu ir gelžbetoniu. Pagal atliktą PAPK tiltų ir perdangų apkrovos-deformacijų, suirimo analizę nustatyta elementų elgsena, pateiktos pagrindinės problemos bei privalumai palyginus su tradiciniais tiltų sprendiniais. Taip pat išnagrinėtos PAPK tiltų projektavimų normos, pateikti skaičiavimų ypatumai bei problemos. Paskutiniame skyriuje atlikta Gyvavimo Ciklo Kainos analizė parodė PAPK tiltų finansinį įgyvendinamumą. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos pagrindinės išvados, rezultatai, spręstinos problemos bei PAPK tiltų panaudojimo rekomendacijos Lietuvoje. Atlikta techninė ir ekonominė analizė parodė, jog PAPK panaudojimas tiltų statybai yra techniškai ir ekonomiškai efektyvus sprendimas.
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Valinčius, Nerijus. "Atskirų veislių avių mišrūnų produktyvumo tyrimai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140519_092624-87979.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Temos aktualumas. Gyvulininkystės sektorius Lietuvoje yra svarbi žemės ūkio sritis. Šio sektoriaus plėtrai šalyje yra palankios gamtinės sąlygos, susiformavusios gyvulių auginimo tradicijos, sukaupta patirtis. Gyvulininkystės sektorius ypač reikšmingas, aprūpinant Lietuvos vartotojus įvairiais maisto produktais bei svarbus Lietuvos eksporto šaltinis. Gyvūninės kilmės produktai taip pat yra svarbi subalansuotos mitybos dalis, - juose gausu žmogaus organizmui reikalingų maisto medžiagų, vitaminų ir mineralų. Gyvulininkystės sektorius yra svarbus maisto pramonei. Mėsos, pieno ir kitų perdirbimo įmonių techninis potencialas sudaro visas galimybes maksimaliai išnaudoti gyvulininkystės sektoriaus išteklius ir sudaryti ekonomines prielaidas šio sektoriaus plėtrai.
Daugelio veislių avių genetinis mėsinių savybių potencialas yra aukštas, todėl tinkamai jas panaudojant galima gauti mišrūnus ėriukus, kurie pasižymės ypač geromis mėsinėmis savybėmis ir aukštos biologinės vertės mėsa.
Darbo objektas – avių mišrūnai.
Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti Sufolkų ir Vilšyrhornų, Lietuvos juodgalvių ir Vilšyrhornų, Sufolkų ir Kamerūno, Lietuvos juodgalvių ir Kamerūno genotipo mišrūnų ėriukų produktyvumą.
Darbo uždaviniai:1. Išanalizuoti ėriavedžių, kergiant jas skirtingų veislių avinais, reprodukcinius rodiklius. 2. Ištirti skirtingo genotipo mišrūnų ėriukų augimo spartą ir mėsines savybes. 3. Ištirti skirtingo genotipo mišrūnų ėriukų mėsos kokybę. 4. Įvertinti skirtingo genotipo mišrūnų ėriukų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The relevance of the topic. Sector of animal husbandry in Lithuania is an important part of agriculture. For the enlargement of this sector there are favourable nature conditions, formed animal growing traditions, accumulated experiences. Sector of animal husbandry is significant in supplying various food products for the Lithuania consumers and an important source for the export. Moreover, products from animal meat are essential part of the healthy balanced diet. Meat contains many various food materials, vitamins and minerals needed for the organism of human being. Furthermore, the sector of animal husbandry is important for the food industry. Technical potential of meat, milk and other product processing companies create all the opportunities for maximizing resources of the animal husbandry sector and to create economical assumptions for the growth of this sector. The potential of meat characteristics of many various sheep’s is high, therefore while using it smartly it is possible to obtain hybrid lambs, which distinguish oneself with exceptionally good meat characteristics and high biological value meat. The object of the thesis is hybrid lambs. The goal of the thesis is to analyze Suffolk (S) and Wiltshire horn (WH), Lithuania black head (LBH) and Wiltshire horn, Suffolk and Cameroon(C), Lithuania black head and Cameroon genotype hybrid lambs productivity. Objectives of the thesis: 1. To analyze ewes reproduction indicators while pairing them with different breed rams... [to full text]
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Laouamri, Khaled. "Contribution à l'intégration des composants passifs d'une alimentation à découpage." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0090.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire s'inscrivent dans une thématique nouvelle pour 1*équipe Electronique de Puissance du LEG : "l'intégration hybride des composants passifs". Us portent sur la conception de composants passifs et s'attardent sur leur modélisation, leur réalisation et leur caractensation. Ces composants seront employés au sein d'un convertisseur AC-DC à prélèvement sinusoïdal qui servira de support à notre étude. Il ressort d'une évaluation de quelques convertisseurs que la structure à résonance série se prête bien à l'intégration. Les effets des interactions électriques en haute fréquence ont été pris en compte grâce à une nouvelle formulation axisymétrique. Cette dernière couplée avec les équations de circuit électrique s'avère bien adaptée pour la caractérisation électromagnétique des composants magnétiques. Les travaux de modélisation des composants passifs, développés au LEG, ont permis de caractériser la structure LCT en prenant en compte tous les aspects utiles de son comportement. Cela a conduit, en particulier, à l'évaluation des pertes dues au diélectrique. Les mesures ont montré que la structure LCT intégrée apporte surtout une meilleure compacitéThe work presented in this report deals with a new set of thèmes for the Power Electronic team of the LEG: "the hybrid intégration of the passive components". They relate to the design, the modeling, the realization and the characterization of the integrated passive components. Thèse components will be employed within AC-DC converter used as support to our study. It cornes out from an évaluation of some converters that the séries résonant structure is well suitable to intégration. Thanks to a new axisymmetric formulation both of electric , magnetic and coupled effects are considered, ail geometrical and frequency effects are taken in account. This formulation, enabling coupling with electric circuit équations, proves to be well adapted for the electromagnetic characterization of the magnetic components. Works, about modeling of passive components, developed in the LEG made possible to characterize the realized LCT structure by taking into account ail phenomena. This has led, in particular, to dielectric losses évaluation. Measurements showed that integrated structure LC^brings especially a better compactness
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Bukauskas, Virginijus. "Application of scanning probe microscopy for development and investigation of gas sensitive nanosystems and hybrid structures integrated with the ultra-thin metal oxide." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101001_150357-00098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modification of the properties of solid state structures, used for gas sensing is important task in making detection and measurement systems of volatile chemical compounds. These properties depend on material, inner structure and interaction with gas atmosphere. In hybrid materials (solid-biomolecular) biochemical recognition plays important role in gas sensing mechanism. In this work the methodologies of the SPM was applied for characterization of the local point and local area properties in the gas sensitive MO films with the nanoscaled thickness that can be used for nanosystems and hybrid materials in novel types of chemical detectors. In this dissertation morphology and physical properties of metal oxide films with thickness from a few to about 50 nm was investigated and described a relationship between the gas response and film thickness. It was experimentally shown that effects of external influence on the properties of the surface nanostructures can be described by the specific characteristics of the scanning probe spectroscopy displaying the dependences of the probe contact electric current on both the probe potential and the probe pressing force. An original method based on the SPM probe controlled electrical current was proposed for the formation of nanosystems with various electrical properties on the surfaces of thin MO films.Kryptingas kietojo kūno darinių, naudojamų išorinio dujų poveikio detekcijai, savybių keitimas yra vienas iš aktualiausių uždavinių, sprendžiamų kuriant lakiųjų cheminių junginių poveikio atpažinimo ir matavimo sistemas. Šias savybes lemia darinių medžiaga, jų struktūra bei sąveikos su dujine aplinka ypatumai, kurie hibridiniuose dariniuose iš kietojo kūno ir biomolekulių gali būti lemiami dar ir biocheminiu atpažinimu. Šiame darbe tiriami dujoms jautrūs hibridiniai dariniai ir nanosistemos, integruotos metalo oksido plėvelėse, Skenuojančio zondo mikroskopijos (SZM) metodais. Disertacijoje susieti itin plonų (<30-50 nm) SnOx sluoksnių varžos atsako į dujas bei elektrinių savybių ypatumai su sluoksnių morfologija, priklausančia nuo auginimo sąlygų ir trukmės. Eksperimentiškai įrodyta, jog SZM lokalinių srovių tyrimai, priklausomai nuo matavimo parametrų, leidžia atskirai aprašyti technologiškai keičiamas dujoms jautrių darinių charakteristikas ir tik nanosistemose vykstančius procesus, kurie, kai kuriais atvejais, gali būti stebimi ir tipiškuose dujoms jautrių darinių taikymuose. Sukurtas originalus metodas, tinkantis nanostruktūroms metalo oksidų paviršiuje formuoti bei tų struktūrų elektrinėms savybėms keisti. Skirtingai nuo literatūroje žinomo paviršiaus nanooksidinimo, pritaikyto formuoti cheminiam poveikiui atsparias dangas, mūsų metodas leidžia formuoti įvairaus elektrinio laidumo nanostruktūras metalo oksidų paviršiuje.
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Cimmperman, Piotras. "Plonųjų manganitų sluoksnių tyrimas stipriuose impulsiniuose elektriniuose ir magnetiniuose laukuose." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20061003_100516-61918.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main aim of this work was to investigate electrical conductivity of La-Ca(Sr)-MnO thin films at high pulsed electric and magnetic fields and to clear up the possibilities to use these materials for high pulsed magnetic field sensor and fault current limiter applications.
The dissertation consists of the preface, six chapters, summary and main conclusions, references, list of publications and abstract (in Lithuanian).
The main objectives of the work, scientific novelty, goals, validation of results, and statements for defense are presented in the preface.
Chapter 1 presents an introduction and review of previous works on electroresistance (ER) and magnetoresistance (MR) phenomena in manganites.
Chapter 2 presents a description of two deposition techniques which were used for preparation of thin manganite films: metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD).
Measurement equipment and methods are described in Chapter 3. The resistance dependence on voltage was investigated using electric pulses with duration of 5–30 ns and amplitude up to 1000 V in the temperature range of 4.2–300 K. For magnetoresistance measurements a pulsed magnetic field generator, which generates magnetic field pulses of 0.6–2 ms duration with amplitude up to 50 T was used.
Chapter 4 presents an investigation of surface morphology of prepared films and a characterization of their properties at low electric and magnetic fields. The electric and magnetic properties... [to full text]
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Butkevičienė, Lina Marija. "Development and yielding regularities of winter oilseed rape and its hybrids as influenced by different sowing dates." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20130117_120604-15437.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Experimental objective - the study was aimed to establish the developmental regularities of winter rape and its hybrids under the conditions of autumn-winter period becoming warmer and variable in length, to estimate the peculiarities of their biopotential formation and to optimize the measures of adaptation to changeable climate conditions. Statements to be defended: 1. Winter rape development until the end of autumn vegetation depends on sowing date and plant genotype. 2. The changes in nutrients in the rosette of winter rape ant its hybrids plants occurring after resumption of vegetation during the wintering period differ and depend not only on the genotype and sowing date but also on the year’s weather conditions. 3. Different sowing time influences over winter survival of winter rape and its hybrids plants. Rape hybrids respond less sensitively to the delay in sowing date. 4. Sowing time exerts a greater effect on the seed yield of winter rape compared with winter rape hybrids.Tyrimų tikslas - nustatyti žieminių rapsų ir jų hibridų vystymosi dėsningumus skirtingos trukmės šiltėjančiu rudens – žiemos periodu, įvertinti jų biopotencialo formavimosi ypatumus bei optimizuoti prisitaikymo prie besikeičiančių klimato sąlygų adaptacines priemones (sėjos laiką). Disertacijos ginamieji teiginiai: 1. Žieminių rapsų vystymasis iki rudens vegetacijos pabaigos priklauso nuo sėjos laiko ir augalo genotipo. 2. Atsinaujinus vegetacijai žiemojimo metu, rapsų ir jų hibridų skrotelėje vykstantys maisto medžiagų pokyčiai skiriasi ir priklauso ne tik nuo genotipo ir sėjos laiko, bet ir nuo metų meteorologinių sąlygų. 3. Skirtingas sėjos laikas įtakojo žieminių rapsų ir jų hibridų peržiemojimą. Rapsų hibridai yra mažiau jautrūs sėjos laiko vėlinimui. 4. Sėjos laikas daro didesnę įtaką rapsų nei jų hibridų sėklų produktyvumui.
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Boetto, Riccardo. "Extreme hepatectomies and non-resectability technical breakthrough for liver neoplasia, focusing on colorectal metastases: experimental pilot study on safety, efficacy, and regeneration patterns with new insight on ALLPS-LT hybrid techniques." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426225.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BACKGROUND
New strategies to broaden resectability criteria in hepatobiliary surgery has led to the development of two-stage hepatectomy techniques, multi-step procedures with the aim of promoting effective regeneration of the future liver residue (FLR).
The first multicentre international case study was published in 2012 for a new surgical technique defined ALPPS (Associating Liver partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy), which implies in Step1 (laparotomy) ligation of the right portal branch (PVL) with subtotal parenchymal transection (in situ splitting), in order to stimulate rapid FLR hypertrophy for a staged hepatectomy. At the UOC of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit of Padova University a new surgical
technique was introduced that reverses the “classic ALPPS paradigm” based on a Step1 with laparoscopic PVL or portal vein embolization (sequential radiological PVE) and microwave (MWA) thermal ablation on the future transection plane. This method has been identified with the term LAPS (Laparoscopic microwave Ablation and Portal vein occlusion for Staged hepatectomy).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten patients (M: F = 6: 4, mean age 62.5 years - gamma 29-81) were evaluated, underwent LAPS intervention for primitive or secondary malignant liver disease, upfront unresectable for insufficient preoperative FLR. The intraoperative data, the bio-morphological profile were collected during the first
week respectively after both surgical procedures, complications, overall survival and analysis of oncological and postoperative outcomes (median follow-up 17 months, range 4-36).
RESULTS
Significant increase in FLR from 372.3 cc (range 179-407) to 664 cc (range 491-923) - p = 0.002 – and of the FLR/BW ratio was obtained (0.53% - 0.94%; p = 0.002), with a FLR hypertrophy of 71.5% (range 42.8-132%) and a median daily volume increase of 29.3 cc die (range 16.4 -43.3).
All patients considered gained Step2, with effective FLR increase on average in 9.5 days (range 7-11 days).
Median duration of Step1 (145 min; range 75-325 min) was significantly lower (p = 0.0005) than Step2 (402.5 min; range 185-630); blood loss was negative (range 0-70 cc) during Step1 so no patient needs transfusion, and 800 cc (range 600-3600) in Step2 (p = 0.0001). The need for postoperative monitoring in intensive care unit was averaged after Step1 and Step2
respectively unnecessary and 2.5 days (range 1-6 days) (p = 0.0057). Total hospitalization was 14 days (range 10-46) with particular feature that 7/10 patients (70%) had interstage home discharge period. The study of postoperative complications using the Dindo-Clavien classification revealed 20 events in 8 patients (80% of patients had at least one complication); analyzing for single Step 4/10 patients (40%) had complications after Step1 while 7/10 (70) patients had complications after Step2; after Step1 and Step2, respectively, 20% and 40% of grade ≥IIIa complications (with a single event IIIb, no grade IV events and no biliary complications). No perioperative mortality event was registered (90-days mortality 0%). Overall Survival (12-months) was 77.8% with a median of 28.2 months. Pathological analysis revealed 8/10 patients (80%) with an oncologically radical resection (R0).
CONCLUSIONS
LAPS technique was effective in achieving resectability in patients upfront unresectable for FLR insufficiency, although with a remarkable rate of complications, but with comparable data literature ALPPS data. Compared with standard ALPPS data there was sno perioperative mortality rate and 70% of patients had a short interstage discharge. In the broad panorama of two-stage hepatectomy techniques development, LAPS seems to be able to describe one of the new paradigms, enabling by means of minimally-invasive techniques to achieve significant oncological results in selected preoperative unresectable patients.Background La ricerca di nuove strategie per ampliare i criteri resecabilità in chirurgia oncologica epatobiliare, ha condotto allo sviluppo delle tecniche di two-stage hepatectomy, procedure multi-step con l’intento di favorire una rigenerazione efficace del future liver remnant (FLR). Nel 2012 è stata pubblicata la prima casistica internazionale multicentrica relativa ad una nuova tecnica chirurgica definita con l’acronimo ALPPS (Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy) che sfrutta l’impiego nello uno Step1 (laparotomico) della legatura del ramo portale destro (PVL) in concomitanza di una transezione parenchimale subtotale (in situ splitting), al fine di stimolare una rapida ipertrofia del FLR in vista dello Step2 resettivo. Presso la UOC di Chirurgia Epatobiliare e dei Trapianti Epatici dell’Università di Padova parallelamente all’iniziale impiego della tecnica ALPPS, è stato messo a punto un nuovo modello chirurgico che inverte il paradigma classico ALPPS e prevede uno Step1 in videolaparoscopia con PVL intra-operatoria o embolizzazione portale (PVE) radiologica sequenziale con termoablazione con microonde (MWA) sulla futura trancia di sezione in vista dello Step2. Questa metodica è stata identificata col termine di LAPS (Laparoscopic microwave Ablation and Portal vein occlusion for Staged hepatectomy). Materiali e Metodi Sono stati valutati di 10 pazienti (M:F=6:4; età mediana 62,5 anni - range 29-81), sottoposti a intervento LAPS per patologia epatica maligna primitiva o secondaria, non altrimenti resecabile per insufficiente FLR preoperatorio. Sono stati raccolti i dati intra-operatori, il profilo bioumorale durante la prima settimana rispettivamente dopo entrambi gli Step chirurgici, le complicanze post-operatorie, la sopravvivenza globale e l’analisi dell’outcome oncologico e post-operatorio (follow-up mediano 17 mesi; range 4-36). Risultati In relazione all’analisi volumetrica è stato ottenuto un significativo incremento del FLR da 372.3 cc (range 179-407) a 664 cc (range 491-923) – p=0.002 – e del FLR/BW ratio (mediamente da 0.53% a 0.94%; p=0.002), assistendo a un’ipertrofia del FLR del 71.5% (range 42.8-132%) e a un incremento volumetrico giornaliero mediano di 29.3 cc die (range= 16.4-43.3). Tutti i pazienti considerati hanno avuto accesso allo Step2, ottenendo un’incremento efficace del FLR in media in 9.5 giorni (range 7-11 giorni). La durata mediana dello Step1 (145 min; range 75-325 min) è risultata significativamente inferiore (p=0.0005) a quella dello Step2 (402.5 min; range 185-630). Le perdite ematiche sono risultate mediamente nulle (range 0-70 cc) in corso di Step1 per cui nessun paziente ha necessitato di emotrasfusione, e 800 cc (range 600-3600) in corso di Step2 (p=0.0001). La necessità di monitoraggio post-operatorio in terapia intensiva è risultata mediamente dopo Step1 e Step2 rispettivamente non necessaria e di 2.5 giorni (range=1-6 giorni) (p=0.0057). La degenza totale è risultata mediamente di 14 giorni (range= 10-46) con la particolare caratteristica che 7/10 pazienti (70%) hanno beneficiato di un periodo di dimissione a domicilio interstage. Lo studio delle complicanze post-operatorie utilizzando la Dindo-Clavien Classification ha messo in evidenza 20 eventi in 8 pazienti (80% dei pazienti ha presentato almeno una complicanza); analizzando per singolo Step 4/10 pazienti (40%) hanno presentato complicanze dopo Step1 mentre 7/10 (70%) pazienti hanno presentato complicanze dopo Step2; dopo Step1 e Step2, rispettivamente 20% e 40% di complicanze di grado ≥ IIIa (con un unico evento IIIb, nessun evento di grado IV e nessuna complicanze biliare). Non si è registrato alcun evento di mortalità peri-operatoria (90-days Mortality 0%). La Overall Survival a 12 mesi, indipendentemente dalla patologia di base è risultata 77.8% con una sopravvivenza mediana di 28.2 mesi. Per quanto concerne l’analisi istologica 8/10 pazienti (80%) hanno ottenuto una resezione oncologicamente radicale (R0). Conclusioni La tecnica LAPS è risultata efficace nel raggiungimento della resecabilità in pazienti non operabili upfront per insufficienza del FLR, seppur con un considerevole tasso di complicanze, ma con dati comparabili ai risultati descritti in letteratura. Rispetto ai dati relativi alla tecnica standard ALPPS non si è registrata mortalità peri-operatoria e il 70% dei pazienti ha beneficiato di un breve periodo di dimissione interstage . Nell’ampio panorama dello sviluppo delle tecniche chirurgiche di two-stage hepatectomy la LAPS sembra poter descrivere uno dei nuovi paradigmi, permettendo grazie all’impego di tecniche mini-invasive, di ottenere un significativo risultato oncologico in pazienti selezionati pre-operatoriamente non resecabili.
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Dechyeva, Daryna. "Molecular-cytogenetic analysis of repetitive sequences in genomes of Beta species and hybrids." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1153318263914-87397.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The elucidation of the composition and organization of genomes of higher plants is a fundamental problem of modern molecular biology. The genus Beta containing 14 species assigned to the sections Beta, Corollinae, Nanae and Procumbentes provides a suitable system for the comparative study of the nuclear genomes. Sugar beet Beta vulgaris has a genome size of 758 Mbp DNA with estimated 63 % repetitive sequences and the number of chromosomes n=9. The wild beet Beta procumbens is an important natural pool of resistance against pests and tolerance to unfavorable growth conditions. The subject of this research was the isolation and description of new repetitive DNA families from genomes of this Beta species. This work presents the molecular investigation and cytogenetic characterization by high-resolution multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of the satellite and dispersed repetitive sequences in wild and cultivated beet species and in their hybrids. New repetitive sequences were isolated from the B. procumbens genome. The AluI restriction satellite repeats pAp11 are 229-246 bp long and form subfamilies. The satellite is amplified in the section Procumbentes, but also found in distantly related section Beta. Thus, pAp11 is probably an ancient component of Beta genomes. It could be the ancestor of the satellite subfamily pEV4 in B. vulgaris based on sequence analysis, Southern hybridization and comparative FISH. pAp11 was found at centromeric and a few intercalary sites in B. procumbens and formed intercalary blocks on B. vulgaris chromosomes where it co-localized with pEV4. These remarkable differences in the chromosomal position of pAp11 between Procumbentes and Beta species indicate that both satellites were likely involved in the expansion or rearrangement of the intercalary heterochromatin of B. vulgaris. Other two sequence families characterized on molecular, genomic and chromosomal levels are the non-homologous repeats pAp4 and pAp22, 1354 and 582 bp long. They have a dispersed organization in the genome and are widely scattered along B. procumbens chromosomes. pAp4 and pAp22 are specific for the section Procumbentes and can be used as DNA probes to discriminate parental genomes in interspecific hybrids. High-resolution FISH on meiotic chromosomes showed that the both sequences mostly co-localize. The PCR analysis of their flanking regions revealed that pAp22 is a part of a Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) of an Athila-like env-class retrotransposon. This is the first indication that the retrovirus-like DNA elements exist in Beta. An ancient family of subtelomeric satellite DNA pAv34 was isolated from all four sections of the genus Beta and from spinach, a related Chenopodiaceae. Five clones were analyzed from each of the five species. The genomic organization and species distribution of the satellites were studied by sequencing and Southern hybridization. The repeating units in all families are 344-362 bp long and share 46.2-98.8 % similarity. Each monomer consists of two subunits SU1 and SU2 of 165-184 bp. The maximum likelihood and neighbor joining analyses of the 25 subtelomeric satellite monomers and their subunits indicated, that the duplication leading to the emergence of the 360 bp satellite should have occurred early in the phylogeny. The two directions of diversification are the clustering of satellites in two groups of subunits SU1 and SU2 and the arrangement of satellite repeats in section-specific groups. The comparative chromosomal localization of the telomeric repeat, pAv34 and rDNA was investigated by multicolor FISH. B. vulgaris chromosome termini showed unique physical organization of telomeric repeat and the subtelomeric satellite, as studied by high-resolution FISH on extended DNA fibers. The estimated length of the telomeric array was 0.55 - 62.65 kb, the length of pAv34 was 5.0-125.25 kb, the spacer between these sequences spanned 1.0-16.60 kb. Eight various classes of repeats were used to characterize the minichromosomes of the sugar beet fragment addition lines PRO1 and PAT2 by comparative multi-color FISH. The study allowed to propose a schematic pattern of repetitive DNA organization on the PRO1 and PAT2 minichromosomes. PRO1 has an acrocentric minichromosome, while PAT2 possesses a metacentric or submetacentric chromosome fragment. The functional integrity of the fragment addition line centromeres was confirmed by an immunostaining localization of the proteins specific to the active kinetochore. The serine 10-phosphorylated histone H3 was detected in pericentromeric regions of the PRO1 chromosomes. The microtubuli attachment sites were visualized as parts of kinetochore complexes.
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Pokštas, Jonas. "Pjaustymo uždavinio algoritmų realizacija ir tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_144142-98749.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Šiame darbe nagrinėjama negiljotininio, dvimačio, stačiakampių pjaustymo uždavinio atliekų minimizavimo problema ir jos sprendimo metodai. Dėl uždavinio kombinatorinio sudėtingumo neįmanoma tiksliai ir visais atvejais pateikti optimalų jo sprendinį, todėl pasirinkti apytiksliai sprendimo metodai. Uždavinys sprendžiamas metaeuristiniais hibridiniais genetiniu ir modeliuojamo atkaitinimo algoritmais apjungtais su euristiniais „Žemiausio kairėn užpildymo“ ir „Žemiausio tarpo“, kuris yra originali „Geriausiai tinkamo“ metodo modifikacija. Taip pat realizuojami minėti euristiniai algoritmai atskirai nuo hibridinių. Atliekama šių metodų lyginamoji analizė bei jų parametrų ir pradinių sąlygų parinkimo įtakos tyrimas sprendinio kokybei. Suformuojama ir pateikiama metodika pjaustymo uždavinių sprendimui.A non – guillotinable, two – dimensional, rectangular cutting stock problem is being introduced in this paper and its solving methods either. Due to the combinatorial complexity of a problem, it is impossible to solve it optimally for every instance. Consequently an aproximate methods have been chosen. The problem is solved by metaheuristic genetic and simulated annealing methods hybridised with heuristic „Bottom Left Fill“ and „Lowest Gap“, which is an originally modified version of „Best Fit“ algorithm. The same heuristic algorithms are implemented separately from hybridised ones. A comparation analysis of these methods is done and the influence on solution quality depending on the selection of algorithms parameters and its initial conditions is considered. The methodology of solving cutting stock problems is being formulated and presented.
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Butkevič, Jolanta. "Gluosnio žilvičio (Salix viminalis L.) ir kai kurių jo kultivarų bei hibridų klonų morfobiologiniai ir produktyvumo tyrimai lauko kolekcijose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_171123-05163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
2004 – 2005 m. Alytaus AB „Vilda“ gamybinėse gluosnių ir karklų plantacijose įrengtose lauko kolekcijose buvo atlikta gluosnio žilvičio (S. viminalis L.) ir kai kurių jo kultivarų bei hibridų klonų (S. viminalis kl. 04116, S. viminalis `Americana` žaliažievė forma kl. 9972, S. viminalis `Americana` kl. 9976, S. viminalis `Tordis`, S. purpurea x S. viminalis kl. 9714 ir kl. 04141) morfobiologiniai ir produktyvumo tyrimai.
Nustatyta, kad I – II auginimo metais tirtųjų taksonų krūmai skiriasi pagal jų aukštį, atžalinių ūglių ir stiebų skaičių krūme, atžalinių ūglių vidutinį ilgį bei jų skersmenį ir nulaibėjimo pobūdį, lapų formą ir dydį, medienos ir šerdies plotį ūglio skerspjūvyje. Daugiausiai atžalinių ūglių (vytelių) antraisiais auginimo metais išaugino S. viminalis `Americana` žaliažievė forma kl. 9972 (649,8 tūkst.vnt./ha) ir S. purpurea x S. viminalis kl. 9714 (609,9 tūkst.vnt./ha).
Intensyviausiu atžalinių ūglių krūmų augimu I-II-aisiais auginimo metais išsiskyrė S. viminalis `Tordis`, S. viminalis `Americana` kl. 9976 ir S. viminalis `Americana` žaliažievė forma kl. 9972. Didžiausią krūmo atžalinių ūglių masę I-II-aisiais auginimo metais išaugino S. viminalis `Americana` žaliažievė forma kl. 9972 (2004 m. – 17,1 t/ha,2005 m. – 44,4 t/ha), S. viminalis `Americana` kl. 9976 (2004 m. – 14,6 t/ha, 2005 m. – 48,9 t/ha), S. viminalis `Tordis` (2004 m. – 13,5 t/ha, 2005 m. – 34,8 t/ha). Didžiausią vieno krūmo vidutinė dvimečių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In 2004 – 2006, in plantation of Alytus join stock company “Vilda”, there were researched and valued morphological characteristics and productivity of basket willow (Salix viminalis L.), some of its cultivares and clones of hybrids (S. viminalis cl. 04116, S. viminalis `Americana` green bark form cl. 9972, S. viminalis `Americana` cl. 9976, S. viminalis `Tordis`, S. purpurea x S. viminalis cl. 9714 and cl. 04141). It has been proved some differences between S. viminalis L., its cultivares and clones of hybrids in number and mass of sprouts and stems on a bush, the height of bushes, their diametre lenght and yield of twigs. The most valuable taxa of clones regarding productivity are S. viminalis `Americana` cl. 9972 (649,8 thou.unit/ha) and S. purpurea x S. viminalis cl. 9714 (609,9 thou.unit/ha). S. viminalis `Tordis`, S. viminalis `Americana` cl. 9972, S. viminalis `Americana` cl.9976 are the most intensively growing bushes and have the longest sprouts. In the field collections the highest mass of regrowth sprouts and stems are found by the clone 9976 of S. viminalis `Americana`(1828,9 gram) and S. viminalis `Tordis` (1774,9 gram). It has been discovered that within the period of 3 years taxa of S. viminalis L. reach the stated mass of dry stems per one ha: S. viminalis cl. 04116 – 35,5 t/ha, S. viminalis `Americana` žaliažievė forma cl. 9972 – 44,2 t/ha, S. viminalis `Americana` cl. 9976 – 50,1 t/ha, S. viminalis `Tordis` – 49,6 t/ha.
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Harmel, Justine. "Synthèse de nano-catalyseurs hybrides à base de cobalt pour la catalyse Fischer-Tropsch." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAT0035/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En raison de la raréfaction des ressources de pétrole et des variations des prix avec le contexte géopolitique, la réaction de catalyse de Fischer-Tropsch qui permet la production d’hydrocarbures à partir du mélange syngas des gaz CO et H2 en présence d’un catalyseur à base de fer ou de cobalt, présente aujourd’hui un regain d’intérêt tant de la part des industriels que des académiques. Bien que découverte en 1923 par les allemands Franz Fischer et Hans Tropsch, les mécanismes qui entrent en jeu lors de cette réaction et les paramètres importants des propriétés des catalyseurs demeurent encore incertains. Dans ce contexte, les travaux présentés dans cette thèse visent à étudier l’impact de paramètres tels que la structure cristallographique et la forme de nano-objets de cobalt, phase active du catalyseur pour cette réaction. Ceci passe par la synthèse de catalyseurs modèles à base de nano-objets de cobalt et l’étude de leurs propriétés catalytiques. Dans un premier temps, la préparation d’un catalyseur à base de cobalt présentant une structure cristallographique hcp et une morphologie anisotrope a été réalisée, via une voie de synthèse par décomposition d’un précurseur organométallique de cobalt, conduisant à la formation de nano-objets de cobalt anisotropes. Puis, des tests catalytiques ont été réalisés en réacteur slurry, en collaboration avec un partenaire industriel, l’IFP-EN. Cela a permis la réalisation de tests Fischer-Tropsch en conditions proches des conditions industrielles réelles. Ces études ont permis de mettre en évidence la très grande stabilité de ces catalyseurs en comparaison à des catalyseurs de référence.Enfin, différents catalyseurs à base de cobalt, supportés sur des supports originaux de type macrostructurés permettant une meilleure gestion des échanges thermiques de la réaction, ont été préparés et leurs propriétés catalytiques étudiées sur un réacteur de type lit-fixe, mis en œuvre durant cette thèseDue to the decreasing the oil resources, and because of the the fluctuations of the price as a result of the geopolitical context, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, that enables the production of hydrocarbons form the syngas mixture (CO and H2) in the presence of a catalyst based on cobalt or iron, has recently gained a renewed interest from industrial as well as form the academic communities. Although this reaction was discovered in 1923 by the Germans Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch, the mechanisms that come into play during this reaction and the crucial properties of the catalyst properties remain uncertain. In this context, the work presented in this thesis, aims to investigate the impact of parameters such as the crystallographic structure and the shape of the cobalt nano-objects, which is the active phase of the catalyst for this reaction. For this purpose, model cobalt nano-objects were synthetized and their catalytic properties were studied. As a first step, a cobalt based catalyst exhibiting an hcp crystallographic structure and an anisotropic shape was prepared via a synthetic route involving the decomposition of an organometallic precursor of cobalt and leading to the formation of anisotropic cobalt nano-objects. Catalytic tests were then conducted in a slurry reactor, in collaboration with an industrial partner, IFP-EN. This collaboration allowed performing catalytic studies under conditions that are very close to the actual industrial conditions. These studies revealed an increased stability of these catalysts compared to reference catalysts that deactivate with time. Finally, several cobalt-based catalysts, supported on innovative supports, such as macrostuctured supports, allowing a better control of the exothermicity, were prepared and their catalytic properties studied on a fixed-bed reactor that was set up during the course of this thesis work
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Urbanavičiūtė, Asta. "Lietuvos juodmargių ir jų mišrūnų su Šarole mėsinės savybės ir mėsos kokybė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060316_144200-62554.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of work – to determine efficienty of the Lithuanian Black-and-White cattle crossing with Charolais bull. The task of research: 1.To analyse the literature about the crossing Lithuanian Black-and-White caws with Charolais bull. 2.To determine the influence of Charolais bull on beef meat production and quality of Lithuanian Black-and-White cattle. Conclusions: 1.Charolais bulls were found to improve the weight of Lithuanian Black-and-White cattle at 18 month of age by 38.5 kg or 7.6 % (P>0,05) and reduced feed conversion per weight gain unit by 8.2 %. 2.The daily gain of the Charolais hybrids bulls was by 8.0 % bigger than that of the pure-blooded Lithuanian Black-and-White bulls. 3.Control slaughters indicated the bigger carcass mass for Charolais hybrids which was 20.7 kg, or 7.8 % bigger than the carcass mass of the pure-blooded Lithuanian Black-and-White young bulls. 4.Hybrids had a 1.5 % better carcass output, 4.0 % better ham output, and 2.4 % better output of ham edible parts in carcass, by 0.65 bigger the coefficient of succulence of this part of carcass and by 42.94 cm² bigger area of loin lean. 5.Crossbreeding had no significant influence on meat quality. A tendency was observed to lower meat pH, higher shear force and a better amino acids triptophan and oxyproline ratio 5.47 of hybrids (P<0,005). 6.It has been concluded that it is useful to use Charolais bulls for crossing with Lithuanian Black-and-White cattle of milk type.
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Bukauskas, Virginijus. "Dujoms jautrių hibridinių darinių ir nanosistemų integruotų metalo oksido plėvelėse kūrimas ir tyrimai Skenuojančio zondo mikroskopijos metodais." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101001_150411-33373.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Kryptingas kietojo kūno darinių, naudojamų išorinio dujų poveikio detekcijai, savybių keitimas yra vienas iš aktualiausių uždavinių, sprendžiamų kuriant lakiųjų cheminių junginių poveikio atpažinimo ir matavimo sistemas. Šias savybes lemia darinių medžiaga, jų struktūra bei sąveikos su dujine aplinka ypatumai, kurie hibridiniuose dariniuose iš kietojo kūno ir biomolekulių gali būti lemiami dar ir biocheminiu atpažinimu. Šiame darbe tiriami dujoms jautrūs hibridiniai dariniai ir nanosistemos, integruotos metalo oksido plėvelėse, Skenuojančio zondo mikroskopijos (SZM) metodais. Disertacijoje susieti itin plonų (< 30-50 nm) SnOx sluoksnių varžos atsako į dujas bei elektrinių savybių ypatumai su sluoksnių morfologija, priklausančia nuo auginimo sąlygų ir trukmės. Eksperimentiškai įrodyta, jog SZM lokalinių srovių tyrimai, priklausomai nuo matavimo parametrų, leidžia atskirai aprašyti technologiškai keičiamas dujoms jautrių darinių charakteristikas ir tik nanosistemose vykstančius procesus, kurie, kai kuriais atvejais, gali būti stebimi ir tipiškuose dujoms jautrių darinių taikymuose. Sukurtas originalus metodas, tinkantis nanostruktūroms metalo oksidų paviršiuje formuoti bei tų struktūrų elektrinėms savybėms keisti. Skirtingai nuo literatūroje žinomo paviršiaus nanooksidinimo, pritaikyto formuoti cheminiam poveikiui atsparias dangas, mūsų metodas leidžia formuoti įvairaus elektrinio laidumo nanostruktūras metalo oksidų paviršiuje.Modification of the properties of solid state structures, used for gas sensing is important task in making detection and measurement systems of volatile chemical compounds. These properties depend on material, inner structure and interaction with gas atmosphere. In hybrid materials (solid-biomolecular) biochemical recognition plays important role in gas sensing mechanism. In this work the methodologies of the SPM was applied for characterization of the local point and local area properties in the gas sensitive MO films with the nanoscaled thickness that can be used for nanosystems and hybrid materials in novel types of chemical detectors. In this dissertation morphology and physical properties of metal oxide films with thickness from a few to about 50 nm was investigated and described a relationship between the gas response and film thickness. It was experimentally shown that effects of external influence on the properties of the surface nanostructures can be described by the specific characteristics of the scanning probe spectroscopy displaying the dependences of the probe contact electric current on both the probe potential and the probe pressing force. An original method based on the SPM probe controlled electrical current was proposed for the formation of nanosystems with various electrical properties on the surfaces of thin MO films.
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Simaitis, Laurynas. "Hibridinių sistemų modeliavimas naudojant agregatinį metodą." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_144345-66487.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Šiame darbe pristatomas PLA formalizmo metodas, skirtas aprašyti ir imituoti hibridines sistemas, kurių tolydiniai komponentai aprašomi pirmos eilės diferencialinėmis lygtimis. Pasinaudojus PLA formalizmu suformuluosime Kvantuotų būsenų sistemos modelį (QSS). QSS modelis yra integravimu pagrįstas metodas, skirtas spręsti pirmos eilės diferencialines lygtis. Šis modelis buvo suformuluotas DEVS formalizmo aplinkoje, kuris yra giminingas PLA formalizmui. Hibridinės sistemos pavyzdžiu pasirinktas farmakokinetinis modelis. Farmakokinetika yra farmakologijos mokslo šaka, tyrinėjant vartojamų vaistų pasisavinimą ir absorbciją žmogaus kūne. Farmakokinetiniame modelyje vaistų pasiskirstymas aprašomas pirmos eilės diferencialines lygtimis. Tam, kad būtų galima aprašyti šį modelį QSS pagalba, buvo reikalinga patobulinti QSS modelį. Rezultate gautas pakeistas QSS modelis. Naudojant pakeistą QSS modelį buvo sudarytas farmakokinetinis modelis ir atliktas vaistų koncentracijos kitimo imitavimas paciento kūne, kai pacientas reguliuoja vaistų suleidimą.This paper presents the method of using Piece Linear Aggregates formalism (PLA) for specification and simulation of hybrid systems, when continuous components are described in ordinary differential equations (ODEs). PLA is used to create Quantized State System (QSS) model. QSS is integration based method, created for ODE solving. Since QSS method first was introduced for use in Discreet Event Systems (DEVS) formalism, we adapted it for PLA formalism, which is fundamentally consanguineous to DEVS formalism. Pharmacokinetics model is used as example of hybrid system. Pharmacokinetics is a branch of pharmacology which describes administered drug absorption and distribution in human body. In pharmacokinetics drug distribution is described using ODE. In order to use drug injection in pharmacokinetics model, we have to modify standard QSS model and add some specific capabilities. In the result: modified QSS method was obtained and used for pharmacokinetic model specification. Simulation of morphine concentration in plasma was performed using real pharmacokinetics data to test Patient-Controlled Analgesia method effectiveness.
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Jankevičiūtė, Rasa. "Kalbotyros terminai Vinco Urbučio "Žodžių darybos teorijoje"." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060619_135000-60672.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Linguistic terms and all use cases were collected from Vincas Urbutis book “Word-building theory”. It was found 1464 different linguistic terms, which were used 4143 times.
It was established, that almost 13 of all linguistic terms are descended from Lithuanian (373 terms or 25,5 % of all linguistic terms), 16 other language (216 terms or 14,8 % of all linguistic terms) and 23 of all linguistic terms are hybrids (875 or 59,8 % of all linguistic terms).
For the most part of other language one-word terms are descended from classical – the Latin (104 terms or 40 % of all one-word terms) and the Greek (52 terms or 20 % of all one-word terms) – languages. It was found 13 terms or 5 % of all one-word terms, which are descended from the French language and 7 terms descended from other languages.
302 compound terms are Lithuanian (25,1 % of all compound terms). It was found 40 international compound terms (3,3 % of all compound terms). The biggest part of compound terms forms hybrids (71,6 % of all compound terms).
From the respect of structure, terms are different – one-word (260 terms or 17,8 % of all terms) and compound (1204 terms or 82,2 % of all terms).
The biggest part of one-word terms forms derivatives (150 terms or 57,7 % of all one-word terms), other part (110 terms or 42,3 % of all one-word terms) forms primary terms.
The biggest part of linguistic terms are built with suffixes (114 terms or 43,8 % of all one-word terms). Mostly derivatives of suffixes are action names (4... [to full text]
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Sikorskaitė-Gudžiūnienė, Sidona. "Genetic characteristics of diversity of apple resistance to apple scab." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20141208_102400-45936.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the research. To identify genes involved in V. inaequalis induced resistance response in Malus sp. and to develop apple hybrids with pyramidic resistance. Specific aims: 1. To characterize the genetic diversity and resistance to apple scab in the collection of apple genetic resources; 2. To develop apple hybrids of pyramidic resistance for apple breeding; 3. To characterize apple nuclear proteome and to perform a comparative genomic analysis of V. inaequalis induced Malus response; 4. To identify apple resistance genes involved in response to apple scab and to develop functional markers.Tyrimų tikslas: identifikuoti V. inaequalis indukuojamo Malus sp. apsauginio atsako reikšmingus genus ir sukurti piramidinio atsparumo rauplėgrybiui donorus obels selekcijai. Tyrimų uždaviniai: 1. Charakterizuoti obels genetinių išteklių įvairovę bei nustatyti jų atsparumą rauplėgrybiui; 2. Sukurti ir atrinkti superjautrumo atsaku pagrįsto piramidinio atsparumo donorus obels selekcijai; 3. Charakterizuoti naminės obels ląstelės branduolio proteomą ir atlikti V. inaequalis indukuojamo atsako lyginamosios genomikos analizę; 4. Identifikuoti obels atsparumo rauplėgrybiui reikšmingus genus ir sukurti obels atsparumo ligoms funkcinius žymeklius.
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Ražanskas, Raimundas. "Hepatito B viruso šerdies baltymo ir jo mutantinių formų sąveika su žmogaus kepenų baltymais." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101116_164107-53995.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hepatito B virusas (HBV) yra plačiai paplitęs žmogaus patogenas, bet iki šiol mažai ištirta jo šerdies baltymo (HBc), o ypač natūraliai aptinkamų mutantinių formų įtaka viruso dauginimuisi ir patogeniškumui. Šiame darbe mielių dviejų hibridų metodu atrinkti žmogaus kepenų baltymai, sąveikaujantys su laukinio tipo baltymu bei mutantais HBc1 ir HBc2. Su visomis tirtomis HBc atmainomis stipriausiai ir specifiškiausiai sąveikavo žmogaus baltymai GIPC1 ir GIPC2. Detaliau tiriant šias sąveikas nustatyta, kad HBc baltymo C-galas sąveikauja su GIPC1 ir GIPC2 baltymų PDZ domenais. HBc baltymo C-gale aptiktas PDZ domenų atpažįstamos sekos motyvas ir parodyta, kad šios sekos pokyčiai įtakoja HBc sąveiką su GIPC1 ir GIPC2. Vien su mutantais HBc1 ir HBc2 stipriausiai ir specifiškiausiai sąveikavo žmogaus baltymai FLJ20850 ir IKK (NEMO). Anksčiau netyrinėto nežinomos funkcijos žmogaus baltymo FLJ20850 raiška ir geno struktūra apibūdinta naudojantis bioinformatinėmis duomenų bazėmis. Detaliau tiriant mutantų sąveikas su FLJ20850 ir IKK buvo nustatytos baltymų sritys, apsprendžiančios tarpusavio sąveiką. IKK baltymas reguliuoja transkripcijos veiksnio NF-κB aktyvumą, todėl buvo tiriama ir mutanto HBc1 įtaka NF-κB aktyvumui žmogaus ląstelėse. Aptiktos baltymų sąveikos gali padėti geriau suprasti HBV dauginimosi ciklą bei patogeniškumą ir tapti naujų antivirusinių vaistų taikiniais.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen, but up to now little is known about its core protein (HBc) interactions with host proteins. The role of mutated HBc proteins in enhanced pathogenicity of mutant viruses is also unclear. In this work, the yeast two-hybrid system was employed to find human proteins interacting with HBV core mutants HBc1 and HBc2, as well as with the wild-type core protein. All HBc variants strongly and specifically interacted with human proteins GIPC1 and GIPC2. Common protein interaction domain PDZ in both GIPC1 and GIPC2 was identified as the region interacting with the C-end of HBc. A putative PDZ-interacting motif was identified at the C-end of the HBc protein, and variation of this sequence influenced determined interactions. Human proteins FLJ20850 and IKKγ (NEMO) strongly and specifically interacted with mutants HBc1 and HBc2 only. Gene structure and expression FLJ20850 protein, which was never before described in scientific literature, were analyzed bioinformatically. Detailed analysis of interacting protein pairs revealed regions, responsible for discovered interactions. IKKγ is known as an important regulator of transcription factor NF-kB, therefore HBc1 influence on NF-kB activity in human cells was evaluated experimentally. Determined protein interactions potentially add to understanding of HBV replication and pathogenicity and could serve as targets for developing of new antivirals.
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Ražanskas, Raimundas. "Interaction of Hepatitis B virus core protein and its mutant forms with human liver proteins." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101116_164120-74438.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen, but up to now little is known about its core protein (HBc) interactions with host proteins. The role of mutated HBc proteins in enhanced pathogenicity of mutant viruses is also unclear. In this work, the yeast two-hybrid system was employed to find human proteins interacting with HBV core mutants HBc1 and HBc2, as well as with the wild-type core protein. All HBc variants strongly and specifically interacted with human proteins GIPC1 and GIPC2. Common protein interaction domain PDZ in both GIPC1 and GIPC2 was identified as the region interacting with the C-end of HBc. A putative PDZ-interacting motif was identified at the C-end of the HBc protein, and variation of this sequence influenced determined interactions. Human proteins FLJ20850 and IKKγ (NEMO) strongly and specifically interacted with mutants HBc1 and HBc2 only. Gene structure and expression FLJ20850 protein, which was never before described in scientific literature, were analyzed bioinformatically. Detailed analysis of interacting protein pairs revealed regions, responsible for discovered interactions. IKKγ is known as an important regulator of transcription factor NF-kB, therefore HBc1 influence on NF-kB activity in human cells was evaluated experimentally. Determined protein interactions potentially add to understanding of HBV replication and pathogenicity and could serve as targets for developing of new antivirals.Hepatito B virusas (HBV) yra plačiai paplitęs žmogaus patogenas, bet iki šiol mažai ištirta jo šerdies baltymo (HBc), o ypač natūraliai aptinkamų mutantinių formų įtaka viruso dauginimuisi ir patogeniškumui. Šiame darbe mielių dviejų hibridų metodu atrinkti žmogaus kepenų baltymai, sąveikaujantys su laukinio tipo baltymu bei mutantais HBc1 ir HBc2. Su visomis tirtomis HBc atmainomis stipriausiai ir specifiškiausiai sąveikavo žmogaus baltymai GIPC1 ir GIPC2. Detaliau tiriant šias sąveikas nustatyta, kad HBc baltymo C-galas sąveikauja su GIPC1 ir GIPC2 baltymų PDZ domenais. HBc baltymo C-gale aptiktas PDZ domenų atpažįstamos sekos motyvas ir parodyta, kad šios sekos pokyčiai įtakoja HBc sąveiką su GIPC1 ir GIPC2. Vien su mutantais HBc1 ir HBc2 stipriausiai ir specifiškiausiai sąveikavo žmogaus baltymai FLJ20850 ir IKK (NEMO). Anksčiau netyrinėto nežinomos funkcijos žmogaus baltymo FLJ20850 raiška ir geno struktūra apibūdinta naudojantis bioinformatinėmis duomenų bazėmis. Detaliau tiriant mutantų sąveikas su FLJ20850 ir IKK buvo nustatytos baltymų sritys, apsprendžiančios tarpusavio sąveiką. IKK baltymas reguliuoja transkripcijos veiksnio NF-κB aktyvumą, todėl buvo tiriama ir mutanto HBc1 įtaka NF-κB aktyvumui žmogaus ląstelėse. Aptiktos baltymų sąveikos gali padėti geriau suprasti HBV dauginimosi ciklą bei patogeniškumą ir tapti naujų antivirusinių vaistų taikiniais.
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Marin, Igor. "Kelių automatinio vertimo sistemų integracija." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120723_105347-53344.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos automatinės vertimo sistemos, pagrindiniai jų veikimo principai ir šių sistemų integracijos būdai. Detaliai aprašoma populiarių šiuo metu statistinių vertimo sistemų struktūra, pateikiami šių ir tradicinių (taisyklėmis paremtų) sistemų privalumai ir trūkumai. Pristatomos visos šiuo metu egzistuojančios automatinio vertimo sistemos lietuvių ir anglų kalbų porai, išaiškinami jų privalumai ir trūkumai. Lingvistiniu požiūriu nagrinėjamos lietuvių ir anglų kalbos, išvardinami šių kalbų panašumai, skirtumai ir sunkumai, kylantys verčiant iš vienos kalbos į kitą. Taip pat pateikiami įvairūs automatinio vertimo įvertinimo būdai, įskaitant populiarų BLEU įvertinimo metodą. Išvardinamos ir analizuojamos užsienio autorių siūlomos automatinio vertimo sistemų integracijos architektūros. Apžvelgiami sumaišymo tinklai, kurie naudojami kuriant integruotą vertimo sistemą. Pateikiama originali mišriosios vertimo sistemos įgyvendinimo metodika. Integruota sistema yra praktiškai įgyvendinama. Šios sistemos ir kitų vertimo sistemų anglų ir lietuvių kalbų porai rezultatai yra įvertinami ir palyginami. Atlikus teorinę automatinio vertimo sistemų apžvalgą ir praktiškai įgyvendinus mišriąją vertimo sistemą, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados ir siūlymai.
Darbą sudaro 6 dalys: įvadas, automatinio vertimo sistemų analizė, mišriųjų automatinio vertimo sistemų analizė, mišriosios automatinio vertimo sistemos sukūrimas, išvados, literatūros sąrašas.
Darbo apimtis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The Master’s thesis analyses machine translation systems, their principles of operation and the methods used in integrating these systems. The structure of popular statistical machine translation systems, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of such systems is described in detali. The existing machine translation systems for the Lithuanian-English language pair along with their abilities and shortcomings are presented. Lithuanian and English languages are analysed from the linguistic perspective. The similarities and differences between these languages, as well as the difficulties, arising in translating the text from one language to another are discussed. Moreover, different machine translation evaluation methods, including the popular BLEU metric, are reviewed. Various architectures for integrating multiple machine translation systems, offered by foreign authors, are presented and analysed. Confusion networks, which are used in integrating machine translation systems, are discussed. An original method of implementing the hybrid machine translation system is offered. The hybrid system is implemented in practice. The translation results obtained from the created system and the existing systems for the Lithuanian-English language pair are assessed and compared. Finally, after performing the theoretical review of machine translation systems and implementing the hybrid system, conclusions and recommendations are provided. The thesis consists of 6 parts: introduction, the... [to full text]
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Krukas, Donatas. "Žemaičių Naumiesčio anaerobinės nuotekų valyklos veikimo efektyvumo įvertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070808.113514-22519.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lietuvoje, tvarkant nedidelius nuotekų kiekius iškyla nemažai sunkumų. Labai svarbu parinkti tokią technologiją, kurią taikant nuotekos būtų išvalomos iki nustatytų normų, ji būtų nesudėtinga ir pigi.. Anaerobinėse nuotekų valyklose nenaudojama elektra. Tai yra šių nuotekų valyklų privalumas, tačiau jose iškyla problemų valant nuotekas iki leistinų koncentracijų. Magistrantūros baigiamąjame darbe apibendrinti 2004 – 2006 m. atlikti Šilutės r. Žemaičių Naumiesčio nuotekų valyklos veikimo efektyvumo tyrimai ir analizuojamos priežastys, dėl kurių nepakankamai išvalomos nuotekos. Nustatyta nuotekų išbuvimo anaerobiniame hibridiniame įrenginyje trukmė ir apskaičiuotas jo tūrio panaudojimo koeficientas. Gauta, kad panaudojama tik maža įrenginio tūrio dalis dėl netolygaus nuotekų pasiskirstymo anaerobinio įrenginio talpykloje.In Lithuania the problem of low wastewater treatment efficiency in anaerobic hybrid reactors also rised. It was determined that one of main reasons of bad wastewater treatment quality in anaerobic hybrid reactors was insufficient volume of equipment and the equipment would be cheap and not complicated. In anaerobic wastewater are not used an electricity. And it is an advantage of wastewater, but there are also problems in cleaning wastewater until permissible concentrations. In the article are generalized 2004-2006 year researches Silutes area in Zemaiciu Naumiestis about wastewater treatment efficiency and analysed reasons for which are insufficient cleaned wastewater treatment. In anaerobic hybrid reactor the efficiency of wastewater treatment depends on volume load. There are found, that are used just small part of volumetric load because of uneven wastewater repartition in anaerobic reactor repository.
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Jusas, Mantas. "Hibrido Populus tremuloides L. x Populus tremula L. x Betula pendula Roth mikrodauginimo in vitro sąlygų ištyrimas ir augalų regenerantų išauginimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_155051-99442.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Darbo objektas – naujai sukryžminti hibridinės drebulės (Populus tremuloides x Populus tremula) ir karpotojo beržo ( Betula pendula) hibridai. Darbo tikslas – Atlikti tolimąją hibridizaciją ir išauginti augalus-regenerantus nesubrendusių gemalų kultūroje bei įvertinti genetinę įvairovę. Darbo rezultatai. Sukryžminus gauta skirtingi hibridai. Jų įvairovė įvertinta APPD metodu. Išmatavus augimo tempus nustatyta, kad hibridai 16.2 ir 16.4 auga greičiau nei hibridinės drebulės klonai. Ištyrus adaptacijos nesterilioje aplinkoje sąlygas, nustatyta šaknijimosi tempai. Tyrimo metu pastebėta, kad ūgliukų sodinimas į durpių substratą Jiffi tabletėse su šaknimis ir be jų ilgesniam nei 3 mėnesių laikotarpiui, neturi augimo skirtumų.Aim of the work: new crossbred hybrid aspen (Populus tremuloides x Populus tremula) and birch (Betula pendula) hybrids Objekt of the work: make long hybridization and grow up new regeneration plants in unformed embrio culture and rate genetical variation Results: After crossing get new hybrids. His variation rated by RAPD metod. After measure growing speed, set that hybrids 16.2 and 16.4 growing faster than hybriding aspen clons. In adaptation study set root growing speed. In study notice that plants with root and without in Jiffi tablet peat substratum after 3 month get same height .
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Magnant, Jérôme. "Composites fibreux denses à matrice céramique autocicatrisante élaborés par des procédés hybrides." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14105/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'élaboration de composites à matrice céramique denses et à fibres continues multidirectionnelles par de nouveaux procédés hybrides a été étudiée. Les procédés développés reposent sur le dépôt d'interphases autour des fibres par Infiltration Chimique en phase Vapeur (CVI) puis sur l'introduction de poudres céramiques au sein de préformes fibreuses par infusion de suspensions aqueuses colloïdales concentrées et stables, et enfin sur la consolidation des préformes soit par frittage flash, soit par imprégnation réactive de métaux liquides.La consolidation des composites par frittage flash est très rapide (palier de maintien en température inférieure à 5 minutes) et permet d'obtenir des composites denses. Durant le frittage, la dégradation des fibres de carbone a pu être évitée en adaptant le cycle de pression afin de limiter l'évolution des gaz au sein du système.La densification totale des composites par imprégnation de métaux liquides a été obtenue en contrôlant attentivement les paramètres d'imprégnation afin d'éviter de piéger des espèces gazeuses au sein des préformes fibreuses.Les composites à fibres de carbone consolidés par frittage flash ou par imprégnation réactive de métaux liquide possèdent un comportement mécanique de type élastique endommageable ainsi qu'une contrainte à rupture en flexion voisine de 300 MPa. Ces composites ont montré leur capacité à s'autocicatriser dans des conditions oxydantes. Comparés aux composites à matrice céramiques élaborés par CVI, les composites densifiés par imprégnation de métaux liquide sont eux parfaitement denses et ont un comportement mécanique en traction à température ambiante similaire avec notamment une contrainte à rupture en traction de 220 MPaThe fabrication of multidirectional continuous carbon fibers reinforced dense self healing Ceramic Matrix Composites by new short time hybrid processes was studied. The processes developed are based, first, on the deposition of fiber interphase and coating by chemical vapor infiltration, next, on the introduction of ceramic powders into the fibrous preform by Slurry Impregnation and, finally, on the densification of the composite by liquid-phase Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) or by Reactive Melt Infiltration of silicon (RMI).The homogeneous introduction of the ceramic particles into the multidirectional fiber preforms was realized by slurry impregnation from highly concentrated (> 32 %vol.) and well dispersed aqueous colloid suspensions. The densification of the composites by spark plasma sintering was possible with a short (< 5 minutes) dwelling period in temperature. The chemical degradation of the carbon fibers during the fabrication was prevented by adapting the sintering pressure cycle to inhibit gas evolution inside the system. The composites elaborated are dense. The fully densification of the composites by RMI was realised by carefully controlling the impregnation parameters to avoid to entrap some gaseous species inside the fiber preforms. Our carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites processed by Spark Plasma Sintering or Reactive Melt Infiltration have a damageable mechanical behaviour with a room temperature bending stress at failure around 300 MPa and have shown their ability to self-healing in oxidizing conditions. Compared to the CMC processed by CVI, the composites processed with a final consolidation step by RMI are fully dense and have a similar room temperature tensile test behaviour with an ultimate tensile stress around 220 MPa
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Furlan, Marcos Mansano. "Abordagens para o problema de dimensionamento e sequenciamento da produção em indústrias integradas de papel e celulose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-04102017-090421/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O setor industrial produtor de papel e celulose tem aumentado sua relevância comercial nas últimas décadas devido à demanda constantemente crescente. O aumento na competitividade do setor gerado pela economia globalizada e a dificuldade de desenvolvimento de bons planos de produção em ambientes produtivos cada vez mais complexos têm motivado a pesquisa por novas e efetivas ferramentas de auxílio à tomada de decisão. Considerando estas dificuldades, abordamos neste trabalho o problema de dimensionamento e sequenciamento de lotes com foco em empresas com processo integrado de produção de celulose e de papel. Trata-se de um problema de planejamento de médio a curto prazo, geralmente com maior enfoque no curto prazo por considerar o planejamento detalhado da produção em horizontes de planejamento que não superam 30 dias. No processo integrado de celulose e papel, foram consideradas as decisões de produção do digestor, evaporador, caldeira de recuperação e de múltiplas máquinas produtoras de papel, além do controle de estoque de produtos intermediários e finais. Modelos matemáticos da literatura foram modificados e estendidos para incorporar características adicionais do problema como, por exemplo, processos com múltiplas máquinas de papel. Além disso, foram desenvolvidas heurísticas construtivas, heurísticas de melhoria, abordagens de solução híbridas baseadas em algoritmos genéticos combinadas com ferramentas comerciais de solução exata, além de combinações entre os métodos. As abordagens desenvolvidas foram testadas computacionalmente e as melhores combinações de métodos foram definidas. De forma geral, os resultados dessas abordagens foram superiores aos obtidos por ferramentas de solução comerciais puras. Ademais, a variação proposta da heurística de melhoria fixe-e-otimize com mudanças na função objetivo se destacou com relação aos demais métodos, obtendo os melhores resultados, independentemente da qualidade da solução inicial utilizada. As principais contribuições desta tese são a apresentação de modelos matemáticos para representar apropriadamente o problema estudado, e o desenvolvimento de métodos de solução efetivos para resolver o problema.The pulp and paper industry has been increasing the commercial importance in recent decades due to the constant growing demand. The increasing competitiveness of this sector generated by the globalized economy and the difficulty to develop good production plans in complex production environments have motivated the search for new and effective decision support systems. Given these difficulties, in this thesis we address the lot sizing and scheduling problem focused on integrated pulp and paper mills. This is a problem of medium to short term planning, generally more focused on the short term as it covers detailed production schedules in planning horizons which do not exceed 30 days. In these integrated pulp and paper process the production decisions of digester, evaporator, recovery boiler and multiple paper machines are considered, apart from the inventory control of intermediate and final products. Mathematical models known in the literature were modified and extended to incorporate additional features of the problem, such as processes with multiple paper machines. In addition, constructive and improvement heuristics, and hybrid methods based on genetic algorithms combined with a commercial solver were developed, as well as combinations of these solution approaches. The methods developed were computationally tested and the best combinations of methods were defined. Overall, the results of these methods were superior to the solutions obtained by pure commercial solvers. Moreover, the alternative variation proposed of the improvement heuristic fix-and-optimize with exchanges in the objective function surpassed the other methods, obtaining the best results, regardless of the quality of the initial solution used. The main contribution of this thesis are the presentation of mathematical models that appropriately represents the problem under study, and the development of effective solution methods to deal with the problem.
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Buchowska, Jurata. "Tuopų genties medžių hibridų mikrodauginimo audinių kultūroje sąlygų ištyrimas ir augalų- regenerantų išauginimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_161331-45099.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Darbo objektas – Populus genties medžiai: Populus alba × Populus tremula (Nr. 20), Populus tremula x Populus alba ( Nr.21), P. tremuloides x P. tremula (Nr.8), P. tremuloides x P. tremula (Nr.3), P. tremuloides x P. tremula (Nr.9), Populus alba (Š16), P. berolinensis.
Darbo tikslas – nustatyti tuopų genties medžių hibridų mikrodauginimo in vitro sąlygas, bei augalų- regenerantų išauginimą. Išskirti genominę DNR iš drebulių, naudojant genominės DNR išskyrimo rinkinį NucleoSpin Plant.
Darbo metodai - Eksplantų paruošimas sterilinimui ir sterilinimas. Augalų regenerantų kultivavimo sąlygos. Maitinamosios terpės ruošimas, sterilinimas ir sudėtis. Mikroūglių perkėlimas į nesterilias sąlygas. DNR išskyrimas.
Darbo rezultatai. Tuopų medžių eksplantų sterilinimui tikslinga naudoti aseptinių tirpalų kombinaciją be „ACE“, kad užtikrinti gyvybingų ir be užkrato eksplantų išlikimą. Grybine infekcija labiausiai užkrėsti berlyninės tuopos eksplantai: užkratas sudarė nuo 72 proc. iki 80 proc. priklausomai nuo eksplantų prigimties. Tuopų genties medžių genotipas turi įtakos morfogenezei audinių kultūroje. Geriausia maitinamoji terpė mikroūglų susidarymui yra Murashige Scoog (MS) su citokininu BA- 0,5 mg/l. Kaliaus susidarymas ir spalva priklauso nuo genotipo. Iš visų tuopų hibridų sparčiausiai augo hibridas Nr. 8 P.( tremuloides x P. tremula). Vidutinis jo augimo greitis- 8,3 mm per 10 dienų. Atlikti DNR tyrimai APPD metodu parodo, kad motinmedžiai ir išauginti augalai in vitro yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Aim of the work: Genus Populus trees: Populus alba × Populus tremula (Nr. 20), Populus tremula x Populus alba (Nr.21), P. tremuloides x P. tremula (Nr.8), P. tremuloides x P. tremula (Nr.3), P. tremuloides x P. tremula (Nr.9), Populus alba (Š16), P. berolinensis. Object of the work: Investigate poplar genus hybrids in vitro micro reproduction conditions and regenerate plants growth. Investigate poplar genomic DNA using NucleoSpin Plant Kit. Methods: Preparation of explants culture for sterile manner. Plants regenerate rear conditions. Growth media preparation and sterilization. Micro sprout input into unsterile conditions. DNA isolation. Results: For poplar trees explants sterilization is purposeful using aseptic solution combination without “ACE”, to vouch vital and half explants survival. Fungous infection found in berolinensis poplar explants: infections reach from 72 to 80 % depending from explants nature. Poplar genus genotype has impact on morphogenesis in tissue culture. The best growth media is Murashige Scoog (MS) with citotoksine BA- 0,5 mg/l. Callus formation and colaration depends on genotipe. Fastest growth had hybrid No. 8 ( tremuloides x P. tremula) from all poplar hybrids. His mean growth was 8.3 mm per 10 days. RAPD analysis shown that the parent trees and trees race in vitro are the similar (the same).
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Malz, Angela. "Jahresbericht 2013 / Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-181142.
Повний текст джерела
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Melega, Gislaine Mara [UNESP]. "Problema integrado de dimensionamento de lotes e corte de estoque: modelagem matemática e métodos de solução." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Nesta tese, estamos interessados em tratar de maneira integrada dois conhecidos problemas da literatura. Esta integração é referida na literatura como problema integrado de dimensionamento de lotes e corte de estoque. A ideia consiste em considerar simultaneamente, as decisões relacionadas com ambos os problemas, de modo a capturar a interdependência entre estas decisões e, assim, obter uma melhor solução global. Propõe-se um modelo matemático geral para o problema integrado de dimensionamento de lotes e corte de estoque (GILSCS), que considera vários níveis de integração e nos permite classificar a literatura, em termos de modelos matemáticos, dos problemas integrados. A classificação é organizada a partir de dois principais aspectos de integração que são: a integração através dos períodos de tempo e a integração entre os níveis de produção. Em um horizonte de planejamento que considera vários períodos, o estoque fornece uma ligação entre os períodos. Esta integração, por períodos de tempo, constitui o primeiro tipo de integração. O problema geral também considera a produção em diferentes níveis: objetos são fabricados ou comprados e então são cortados para produzir peças menores e estas, por sua vez, constituem componentes para a produção dos produtos finais. A integração entre os diferentes níveis de produção consiste no segundo tipo de integração. A revisão da literatura também possibilita direcionar interessantes áreas para pesquisas futuras. O comportamento da solução para este tipo de problema, com três níveis e vários períodos, é estudado a partir do desenvolvimento de métodos de solução considerando abordagens que superam as dificuldades do problema, que consistem no alto número de padrões de corte, estruturas em vários níveis (multiestágios) e variáveis binárias de preparo. Os métodos de solução propostos para o problema GILSCS são baseados em duas abordagens conhecidas da literatura, usadas com sucesso para resolver os problemas separadamente, que são o procedimento de geração de colunas e heurísticas de decomposição do tipo relax-and-fix. Estas estratégias e suas variações são combinadas à um pacote de otimização em um estudo computacional com dados gerados aleatoriamente. Uma revisão da literatura, em termos de métodos de solução, para o problema integrado também é apresentada. Outras contribuições desta tese consistem em propor diferentes modelos matemáticos para o problema integrado, combinando modelos alternativos para cada um dos problemas separadamente. Neste estudo, o objetivo é comparar e avaliar, com um extensivo estudo computacional, a qualidade e o impacto das diferentes formulações. O outro trabalho trata de uma aplicação do problema integrado em um indústria de móveis de pequeno porte, em que restrições específicas do ambiente industrial são abordadas, como estoque de segurança e ciclos da serra. A solução obtida pelo modelo proposto é comparada com uma simulação da prática da empresa.
In this thesis, the subject of interest is in treating, in an integrated way, two wellknown problems in the literature. This integration is referred in the literature as the integrated lot-sizing and cutting stock problem. The basic idea is to consider, simultaneously, the decisions related to both problems so as to capture the interdependency between these decisions in order to obtain a better global solution. We propose a mathematical model for a general integrated lot-sizing and cutting stock (GILSCS) problem. This model considers multiple dimensions of integration and enables us to classify the current literature, in terms of mathematical models, in this field. The main classification of the literature is organized around two types of integration. In a planning horizon which consists of multiple periods, the inventory provides a link between the periods. This integration across time periods constitutes the first type of integration. The general problem also considers the production in different levels: objects are fabricated or purchased and then, they are cut to produce the pieces which are then assembled as components in the production of final products. The integration between these production levels constitutes the second type of integration. The literature review also enables us to point out interesting areas for future research. The behavior of a solution to this type of problem, with three levels of production and several time periods, is studied considering the development of solution approaches that overcome the difficulties of the problem, which are the high number of cutting patterns, multi-level structures and the binary values of the setup variables. The solution methods proposed to the GILSCS problem are based on two known strategies from the literature which are used successfully to solve the problems separately, which are the column generation procedure and decomposition heuristics based on relax-and-fix procedure. These strategies and their variations are combined into an optimization package in a computational study with randomly generated data. A literature review, in terms of solution methods, to the integrated problem, is also presented. Other contributions of this thesis consist of proposing different mathematical models for the integrated problem combining alternative models for each one of the problems separately. In this study, the aim is to compare and evaluate, with an extensive computational study, the quality and the impact of these dfifferent formulations. Another study is an application of the integrated problem in a small furniture factory, in which specific constraints related to the industrial environment are addressed, such as, safety stock level constraints and saw cycles constraints. The solution obtained from the proposed model is compared to a simulation of the common practice in the company.
FAPESP: 2012/20631-2
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FEDERICO, LUCA. "L'apprendistato letterario di Raffaele La Capria." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1005664.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Superati «novant’anni d’impazienza» e dopo un lungo periodo votato all’autocommento e all’esplorazione delle proprie intenzioni, Raffaele La Capria ha raccolto le sue opere in due Meridiani curati da Silvio Perrella. La Capria ne ha celebrato l’uscita nella prolusione inaugurale di Salerno Letteratura, poi confluita nel breve autoritratto narrativo "Introduzione a me stesso" (2014). In questa sede, l’autore è tornato su alcuni punti essenziali della sua riflessione sulla scrittura, come la relazione, reciproca e ineludibile, fra tradizione e contemporaneità. All’epilogo del «romanzo involontario» di una vita, La Capria guarda retrospettivamente alla propria esperienza come ad un’autentica educazione intellettuale. Perciò, muovendo da un’intervista inedita del 2015, riportata integralmente in appendice, la tesi ha l’obiettivo di ricostruire l’apprendistato letterario di La Capria dai primi anni Trenta, quando l’autore ancora frequentava il ginnasio, fino all’inizio dei Sessanta, quando ottenne il premio che ne avrebbe assicurato il successo. Il percorso, che riesamina l’intera bibliografia lacapriana nella sua varietà e nella sua stratificazione, si articola in una serie di fasi interdipendenti: la partecipazione indiretta alle iniziative dei GUF (intorno alle riviste «IX maggio» e «Pattuglia»); l’incursione nel giornalismo e l’impegno culturale nell’immediato dopoguerra (sulle pagine di «Latitudine» e di «SUD»); l’attività di traduttore dal francese e dall’inglese (da André Gide a T.S. Eliot); l’impiego alla RAI come autore e conduttore radiofonico (con trasmissioni dedicate a Orwell, Stevenson, Saroyan e Faulkner); la collaborazione con «Il Gatto Selvatico», la rivista dell’ENI voluta da Enrico Mattei e diretta da Attilio Bertolucci; e le vicende editoriali dei suoi primi due romanzi, “Un giorno d’impazienza” (1952) e “Ferito a morte” (1961), fino alla conquista dello Strega. La rilettura dell’opera di uno scrittore semi-autobiografico come La Capria, attraverso il costante riscontro di fonti giornalistiche, testimonianze epistolari e documenti d’archivio che avvalorano e occasionalmente smentiscono la sua versione dei fatti, diventa allora un’occasione per immergersi nella sua mitografia personale e avventurarsi in territori finora poco esplorati: come la ricostruzione del suo profilo culturale, a partire dal milieu in cui La Capria vive e opera, o l’incidenza delle letture e delle esperienze giovanili sulla sua prassi letteraria.
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Ghasemi, Masood. "Lot streaming in hybrid flow shop scheduling." Thesis, 2008. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/975966/1/MR45298.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Production planning and scheduling play significant roles in manufacturing system operations and different techniques have been used to enhance their performance. Lot streaming has been studied for decades and is shown to accelerate production flow. This research deals with lot streaming in hybrid flow shops. Multiple products are processed in a multi-stage hybrid flow shop with non-identical machines. Sublots can be constant or consistent and intermingling is not allowed. Setups are attached and sequence independent. The problem is to simultaneously determine product sequence and sublots sizes so that the makespan is minimized. The model presented in this thesis is a mixed integer linear programming formulation for solving this problem. Several variations of the model are presented to incorporate different problem settings such as exploitation of variable sublots in the single product problem. Numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed model and to compare it to similar example problems in the literature. Furthermore, an example of a lot streaming problem in a general multi-stage hybrid flow shop is concerned and discussions and analysis are presented. Keywords . Production planning; Scheduling; Lot streaming; Hybrid flow shop; Integer programming
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Chang, Chia-Hsuan, and 張嘉軒. "Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling with Lot Split Problem." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82592320234076623580.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
103
In this research we study a hybrid flow shop scheduling with lot split and machine assignment problem, the order would be split up several sublots, and the machine assignment is that each order would be assigned to eligibility machine groups at each stage. In this research we study a three-stage hybrid flow shop production system, with several unrelated parallel machine groups at each stage, and there are some identical parallel machines at each machine group. We consider that processing time is stochastic, and each product type has its eligible machine groups. To reduce mean completion time, lot split would be used in this production system. Each order would be separated into several sublots to reduce flow time by the overlapping of operations. All in all, this research would discuss two issues, lot split and machine group assignment. Lot split is that each order would be separated into several equal size sublots, and we look for suitable quantity. Machine group assignment is that each order would be assigned to eligible machine groups at each stage. We simultaneously consider lot split and machine group assignment, so that solution space is too large. We use genetic algorithm to search for suitable solution. From the result, we find that lot split is useful to mean completion time, and variable lot split performs better than consistent lot split. In addition, we take stochastic processing time into condition, and it spends many times to reduce the sampling variability. Therefore, we use optimal computing budget allocation to improve efficiency. Computation results indicate that it reduces 76% simulation times by using OCBA.
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Chou, Yi Han, and 周益漢. "Energy-Efficient Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling with Lot Streaming." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46270673618984321376.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士輔仁大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
102
he hybrid flow shop scheduling (HFS) problems are commonly encountered in many real-world manufacturing operations such as computer assembly, TFT-LCD module assembly, solar cell manufacturing etc. Most previous work considered the scheduling problem on time requirement to improving production efficiency. However, increasing amount of worldwide carbon emissions are intensifying to cause the global warming problem. Many countries or international organizations start to pay attention to this problem and formulate some mechanisms to reduce the carbon emission. Nowadays, manufacturing enterprises has also been growing interest in the development of energy savings. Thus, this research attempts to reduce energy cost and completion time from manufacturing system level perspectives. The paper first proposed the multi-objective mixed integer programming to address the energy-efficient hybrid flow shop scheduling with lot streaming (EEHFSLS) to simultaneously minimize production makespan and electric power consumption. Due to the trade-off nature of both objectives and the computational complexity of proposed multi-objective mixed integer programming, this study adopts the Multi-Objectives Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) to obtain the approximate Pareto solutions, more efficiently. In addition, multi-objectives energy efficiency scheduling (MOEES) algorithm is also developed to calculate the fitness values of each chromosome within MOGA algorithm.
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Lu, Ping-Chuan, and 盧炳全. "Logic Synthesis for Hybrid LUT/SOP Reconfigurable Design Style." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76392191268112395986.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士元智大學
資訊工程學系
98
We propose a new hybrid FPGA architecture with both the SOP-cell and 4-input LUT to improve logic utilization of pure LUT and pure macro-cell architectures. The SOP-cell is composed of 5 NAND4 gates with smaller logic delay and transistor count as compared to LUT and macro-cell. Furthermore, we propose a performance-driven logic synthesis design flow for our hybrid FPGA architecture. According to architectural evaluation results, we use two SOP-cells combined with one LUT as our hybrid configurable logic block. The experimental results indicate that our SOP-cell and synthesis technique achieve average 37.6% circuit delay reduction and average 51.01% transistor count reduction.
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Huang, Tien-Yi, and 黃田毅. "Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Lot-Streaming and Limited Buffer." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48411564274845123605.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理系
102
The competition of industries is more intense than before. The apparel industry must to increase productivity and reduce makespan to achieve the goal of on-time delivery. Therefore, we require an effective production scheduling system to prevent delaying the delivery with unsuccessful scheduling. For most apparel manufactures, cutting operation and sewing operation are the bottleneck processes. There are many difficulties to manage work in process between bottleneck processes, and need more buffer to store manage. This study will use the concept of lot-splitting to overlapping processes. Thus, we can reduce lead time and makespan. Therefore, this paper focus on hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with lot-splitting and limited buffer. This study construct a mathematical model which is conformed to the situation and constraints of problem, and using Lingo to verify the model validity. In large instances, this study develop Bat algorithm and Genetic algorithm to solve problems, then using experimental design to analysis the performance of system parameters, and take these two algorithm to solve many kinds of problems. The average solving quality of Bat algorithm is better than Genetic algorithm, and verifying the feasibility and availability of Bat algorithm.