Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Humic-organomineral fertilizers"

The use of organomineral fertilizers in the form of pellets and pellets with the addition of a humic phytobiocomplex, when growing potatoes, has a favorable effect on the fractional composition of tubers. The largest indicator of the mass and number of tubers was obtained on the variant with the introduction of WMD fertilizer in the form of pellets + GFBC, - 910.21 g/plant, with a total of 11.09 pcs. The treatment of GFBC for vegetation on the variant with OMU fertilizer in the form of pellets + GFBC allowed to obtain an increase in the yield of tubers of 4.82 t / ha, relative to the control crop of 31.59 t / ha. This technique contributed to an increase in the dry matter content, which was 19.09% and in the case of fertilizing the soil, 19.80%. Keywords: ORGANIC FERTILIZER, HUMIC VITABIOTICS, FRACTIONAL COMPOSITION OF POTATO TUBERS, YIELD, DRY MATTER

The phosphorites of many domestic deposits can be used as cheap natural phosphorus fertilizers of regional importance. The limitation of their use is due to the low solubility and, consequently, low agrochemical effectiveness. To increase the solubility of phosphorites (activation), it is proposed to use the method of granulation of phosphorite flour (PF) with an organomineral additive containing milled sulfur, glauconite and highly decomposed peat, dispersed by hydrodynamic cavitation. Phosphate activation is ensured by acids formed in the process of microbiological oxidation of sulfur in soils (convert insoluble phosphates to more soluble hydrophosphates), glauconite (promotes adsorption and ion exchange binding of cations that form insoluble phosphates, activates soil microbiota) and humic acid peat (oxides into stable complexes, stimulate the activity of soil microorganisms). In laboratory conditions, samples of the corresponding organic-mineral fertilizer were obtained. As phosphate raw materials, the PF of the Vyatka-Kama deposit (Russia) and the Khneifis deposit (Syria) were used. The study of the effect of fertilizer on the chemical composition of soils was carried out in a laboratory experiment. As a comparison object, simple superphosphate was used. Fertilizers were applied to the soil in an amount of 0.1 g per 1 kg of air-dried soil. It was revealed that already 7 days after fertilizing, the mobility of phosphorus increases by 31-45%, while the pH of the soil solution does not change. The sulfate content in soils increased by an average of 33%. In all variants of the experiment, the application of activated PF in the soil led to the same result as the application of simple superphosphate. Based on PF and an activating organomineral additive, a granular form of phosphorus fertilizer with sulfur and humic substances can be obtained that is not inferior in effectiveness to simple superphosphate. The production of appropriate fertilizer can be arranged at small enterprises and directly at phosphate mines, which will create new jobs and provide regional crop production with relatively cheap and fairly effective forms of phosphate fertilizers that comply with the principles of green chemistry. The composition and technology of fertilizer production make it possible to position it as a natural organic-mineral fertilizer for organic farming.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of an organomineral fertilizer enriched with humic substances on soybean grown under water stress. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse using a Red Latosol (Oxisol) with adequate fertility as substrate, in which soybean plants were cultivated with and without water stress. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme (two moisture levels and five fertilizer doses: 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 mL dm-3), totaling 10 treatments, with four replicates. The organomineral fertilizer was applied in the soil 21 days after plant emergence and the water regimes were established one week thereafter. The fertilizer was not able to attenuate the effects of water stress, reducing soybean grain yield by more than 50% compared with plants cultivated under no stress. Fertilizer doses caused positive response on soybean nutrition and grain yield and, under water stress condition, the most efficient dose was 5.4 mL dm-3. There were lower leaf concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and higher concentrations of sulfur in plants under stress. Humic substances favor the absorption of micronutrients.

Os solos sob Cerrado são naturalmente pobres em fósforo, sendo imprescindível a sua adição aos sistemas agrícolas. No entanto, a fonte utilizada e a forma de aplicação podem afetar o resultado. Assim, objetivou-se nesse trabalho, avaliar as características vegetativas e produtivas do girassol em função do manejo da adubação fosfatada, utilizando diferentes fontes e formas de aplicação. Para isso, foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo um em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico de textura média e outro em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico de textura argilosa, sob delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x4+1 com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator refere-se a três fontes de P, sendo uma fonte mineral (monoamônio fosfatado - MAP- 48% de P2O5; 11% de N), outra representada pelo MAP+substância húmica líquida (0% de P2O5; 2 % de N) e uma fonte organomineral granulado com substâncias húmicas (26% de P2O5; 5% de N). O segundo fator trata-se de quatro formas de aplicação do adubo sendo 100, 67, 33 e 0% aplicado a lanço e o restante aplicado no sulco de semeadura. O tratamento adicional foi a não aplicação de P e substâncias húmicas. A fonte e a forma de aplicação do adubo fosfatado afetam a cultura do girassol. A produtividade de aquênios foi afetada pelos fatores testados, havendo interação significativa em ambos os solos. Para o Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo o adubo MAP isolado pode ser aplicado 100% a lanço sem redução de produtividade e quando em conjunto com substâncias húmicas, no mínimo 33% da dose deve que ser aplicada no sulco de semeadura. No Latossolo Vermelho tanto o MAP quanto o adubo organomineral tem que ser aplicado no mínimo 67% da dose no sulco de semeadura e quando for acrescido substâncias húmicas ao MAP, apenas 33% são necessários ser aplicado no sulco de semeadura. Palavras-chave: fósforo; adubação organomineral; adubação a lanço; Hellianthus annus; teor de P. SOURCES AND WAYS OF APPLICATION OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION IN THE SUNFLOWER CULTURE ABSTRACT: Soils under Cerrado are naturally low in phosphorus, and their addition to agricultural systems is essential. However, the source used and the form of application can affect the result. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative and productive characteristics of the sunflower according to the management of phosphate fertilization, using different sources and forms of application. For this, two experiments were carried out, one in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico with medium texture and the other in a Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico with clay texture, under a randomized block design in a 3x4 + 1 factorial scheme with four replications. The first factor refers to three sources of P, one mineral source (phosphate monoammonium - MAP- 48% P2O5; 11% N), another represented by MAP + liquid humic substance (0% P2O5; 2% N) and a granulated organomineral source with humic substances (26% P2O5; 5% N). The second factor is four ways of applying the fertilizer, 100, 67, 33 and 0% applied to haul and the rest applied to the seeding furrow. The additional treatment was the non-application of P and humic substances. The source and form of application of the phosphate fertilizer affect the sunflower crop. The achenes productivity was affected by the tested factors, with significant interaction in both soils. For the Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, the isolated MAP fertilizer can be applied 100% by haul without reducing productivity and when in conjunction with humic substances, at least 33% of the dose must be applied in the seeding furrow. In the Latossolo Vermelho both MAP and organomineral fertilizer must be applied at least 67% of the dose in the sowing furrow and when humic substances are added to the MAP, only 33% are necessary to be applied in the seeding furrow. Keywords: phosphorus; organomineral fertilization; haul fertilization; Hellianthus annus; P content.

Дисертаційна робота спрямована на вирішення важливої науково-технічної задачі – підвищення ефективності процесу одержання інноваційних гранульованих органо-мінеральних добрив необхідних для впровадження принципів раціонального землекористування.
The dissertation is aimed at solving an important scientific and technical problem - increasing the efficiency of the process of obtaining innovative granular organo-mineral fertilizers necessary for the implementation of the principles of rational land use. The dissertation is devoted to increase efficiency of process granulation in a fluidized bed of multicomponent heterogeneous liquid systems containing in equal quantities nutrients of an organic and mineral origin from obtaining complex granular humic-organomineral fertilizers with specified properties.
Диссертационная работа направлена на решение важной научно-технической задачи - повышение эффективности процесса получения инновационных гранулированных органо-минеральных удобрений необходимых для внедрения принципов рационального землепользования.