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Статті в журналах з теми "Humic acid extraction"
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Pedroso-Rodriguez, Irina, Lourdes Yamén González-Sáez, Jesús Luis-Orozco, Liz Pérez-Martínez, Carlo Vandecasteele, and Jo Van Caneghem. "Extraction yield of humic substances from organic materials." DYNA 89, no. 223 (September 22, 2022): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v89n223.101666.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present there is a great advance in the use of organic substances as fertilizers; humic substances are one of them with various forms of extraction. This article evaluates the extraction yield of humic substances (humic acid and fulvic acid) from three raw materials and different basic extractants and acids. In the basic extraction of humic substances, the type of raw material significantly influences, to a p value equal to 5 %. The maximum extraction volumes of humic substances are with garden waste. The fractionation stage of the humic and fulvic acids (acid extraction) depends on the type of basic extractant. The alternative Vermicompost - NaOH - HCl is the most economic and technically feasible, with 38.53 % of extraction yield value of humic acid and 64.90 $/h of gross profit.
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Jiang, Peng Wei, Zhi Jun Ma, and Yue Xin Han. "Experimental Study on Extracting Humic Acid from Lignite." Advanced Materials Research 158 (November 2010): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.158.56.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humic acid has been extensively used in the fields like industry, agriculture, medicine, environment protection, etc. As a kind of potential organic resources that being developed and utilized, humic acid is drawing more and more attention from the world. China is abundant in coal resource; the lignite of China contains a lot of humic acid. Extraction humic acid from lignite creates favorable conditions for the development of coal industry and agriculture industry, has broad utilization prospect. By combining the method of nitric acid preoxidation and the method of alkali solution and acid eduction, the humic acid was extracted from the lignite. The orthogonal experimental method and FTIR were integrated in this study. The influences of nitrate concentrations, acid-coal proportion, oxidized temperature, oxidation time, extraction liquid concentration, liquid-solid ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time etc. on the process of extracting humic acid were examined. The results indicate the optimal processing condition can achieved when using sodium pyrophosphate and sodium hydroxide solution as the extraction agents, the rate of humic acid production can reach to 39.25%. And the total content of humic acid production can reach to 46.14%.
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Ywih Ch’ng, Huck, Yeong Yee Yue, Suhaimi B. Othman Osman, and Jeng Young Liew. "Determination of Extraction Period and Extractant Ratio for Extracting Humic Acid from Rice Straw Compost." Current Agriculture Research Journal 6, no. 2 (August 27, 2018): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.6.2.03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The process of isolating humic substances especially humic acid consumes a lot of time. The isolation (extraction, fractionation and purification) processes of humic acid from different sources such as soils, organic fertilizers and so on vary from 12 hours to 7 days. Based on the previous findings reported by other researchers, the standard extractant ratio used for humic acid extraction is 1:10 because it gives the highest yield of humic acid isolated. Previous studies tend to focus on the isolation duration of humic acid but not extractant ratio. To date, there is also lack of information about the extraction period and extractant ratio required to extract humic acid from rice straw compost. This study aimed to assess the minimum duration and extractant ratio for extracting humic acid from rice straw compost. A ratio of 1: 5 and 1: 10 of rice straw compost sample to chemical used were performed in humic acid extraction. A 5 g of rice straw compost sample was mixed with 25 mL and 50 mL of 0.5 M sodium hydroxide, respectively, and were extracted under different extraction periods (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 24 hours). There was significant difference in the extraction periods and extractant ratio on the yield of humic acid. This study revealed that an extractant ratio of 1:10 and 12 hours of extraction period are required to extract humic acid from rice straw compost and can be purified within 1 hour using distilled water. Humic acid yield was significantly lower when the extraction period was less than 12 hours because the time was not sufficient for the H+ ions to displace Na+ ions and other cations. Furthermore, the difficulty of HA extraction period of less than 12 hours was probably due to difficulty of wetting the air-dried compost. The significance of this study is humic acid from rice straw compost can be isolated within 12 hour of extraction period, 24 hours of fractionation period and 1 hour of purification period under extractant ratio of 1:10. Thus, this may help in reducing time and costs needed to produce the humate product from this compost. The extractant ratio of 1:10 is more preferred because of the higher humic acid yield obtained.
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Jarukas, Laurynas, Liudas Ivanauskas, Giedre Kasparaviciene, Juste Baranauskaite, Mindaugas Marksa, and Jurga Bernatoniene. "Determination of Organic Compounds, Fulvic Acid, Humic Acid, and Humin in Peat and Sapropel Alkaline Extracts." Molecules 26, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102995.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Black, brown, and light peat and sapropel were analyzed as natural sources of organic and humic substances. These specific substances are applicable in industry, agriculture, the environment, and biomedicine with well-known and novel approaches. Analysis of the organic compounds fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin in different peat and sapropel extracts from Lithuania was performed in this study. The dominant organic compound was bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) carbonate, which varied from 6.90% to 25.68% in peat extracts. The highest mass fraction of malonic acid amide was in the sapropel extract; it varied from 12.44% to 26.84%. Significant amounts of acetohydroxamic, lactic, and glycolic acid derivatives were identified in peat and sapropel extracts. Comparing the two extraction methods, it was concluded that active maceration was more efficient than ultrasound extraction in yielding higher amounts of organic compounds. The highest amounts of fulvic acid (1%) and humic acid and humin (15.3%) were determined in pure brown peat samples. This research on humic substances is useful to characterize the peat of different origins, to develop possible aspects of standardization, and to describe potential of the chemical constituents.
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Oktavianta, Irma D., Gusrizal Gusrizal, and Nurlina Nurlina. "Oil Palm Empty Bunch Compost as a Source of Humic Acid." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2020.v9.i4.pp205-212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humic acid is a fraction of humic compounds that are part of soil organic matter. In this research, humic acid is extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches compost. Compost is made from the process of counting the empty oil palm bunches, which are composted until the compost is cooked. The humic acid extraction process uses a strong base extraction method. The principle of humic acid extraction is to dissolve the humic compound with a base solution and then separate it by adding an acid solution (HCl solution). The extraction of humic acid from oil palm empty fruit bunches compost produced blackish-brown humic acid with a yield of 4.895%. The result showed that the main functional group content of palm oil empty fruit bunches compost humic acid was the -OH group and phenol group which had a conjugated carbonyl group and a more aliphatic humic acid structure. Quantitatively, the functional groups of humic acid functional groups each amounted to a total acidity of 7,400 cmol/kg, a carboxylic group of 520 cmol/kg, and a phenolic -OH group content of 6,880 cmol/kg. Research results show that oil palm empty fruit bunches compost can be used as a source of humic acid.
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Bekturganova, N. Ye, Zh T. Yeshova, M. Zh Kerimkulova, and E. E. Orazkhanov. "EXTRACTION OF HUMIC ACIDS FROM SHUBARKOL BROAD COAL BY PROBABILISTIC PLANNING METHOD." Chronos: natural and technical sciences 7, no. 2(40) (October 3, 2022): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2712-9691-40-2-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the presented work, an attempt was made to extract humic acids from the Shubarkol field to create environmentally safe structural meliorants for the prevention and/or restoration of eroded soil s of the Republic. The choice of domestic lignite and humic acid as structural components has taken into account their naturalness and safety for the environment. The influence of five factors (extraction temperature and time, alkali concentration, ratio o f coal to alkaline solution and mechanical grinding time of coal) on the extraction of humic acids by probability planning method was studied. The IR spectroscopy method showed that humic acids have more active acid groups than primary coal.
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Li, Cuilan, Shuqing Gao, Qiang Gao, Lichun Wang, and Jinjing Zhang. "CHARACTERIZATION OF BULK SOIL HUMIN AND ITS ALKALINE-SOLUBLE AND ALKALINE-INSOLUBLE FRACTIONS." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, no. 1 (February 2015): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20150294.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humic substances are the major components of soil organic matter. Among the three humic substance components (humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin), humin is the most insoluble in aqueous solution at any pH value and, in turn, the least understood. Humin has poor solubility mainly because it is tightly bonded to inorganic soil colloids. By breaking the linkage between humin and inorganic soil colloids using inorganic or organic solvents, bulk humin can be partially soluble in alkali, enabling a better understanding of the structure and properties of humin. However, the structural relationship between bulk humin and its alkaline-soluble (AS) and alkaline-insoluble (AIS) fractions is still unknown. In this study, we isolated bulk humin from two soils of Northeast China by exhaustive extraction (25 to 28 times) with 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH + 0.1 mol L-1 Na4P2O7, followed by the traditional treatment with 10 % HF-HCl. The isolated bulk humin was then fractionated into AS-humin and AIS-humin by exhaustive extraction (12 to 15 times) with 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH. Elemental analysis and solid-state 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (13C CPMAS NMR) spectroscopy were used to characterize and compare the chemical structures of bulk humin and its corresponding fractions. The results showed that, regardless of soil types, bulk humin was the most aliphatic and most hydrophobic, AS-humin was the least aliphatic, and AIS-humin was the least alkylated among the three humic components. The results showed that bulk humin and its corresponding AS-humin and AIS-humin fractions are structurally differed from one another, implying that the functions of these humic components in the soil environment differed.
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Г.В., Ларина,, Сокруто, А.Е., Макарюк, А.Д., Манченко, Н.А., Каракчиева, Н.И., and Дайбова, Е.Б. "INTENSIfying the EXTRACTION of HUMIC ACID FROM MOUNTAIN PEATs USING ULTRASONIC TREATMENT." Южно-Сибирский научный вестник, no. 6(46) (December 20, 2022): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25699/sssb.2022.46.6.040.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Статья посвящена проблеме интенсификации процессов выделения гуминовых кислот из торфов верхового и низинного типов с использованием ультразвукового воздействия. Целью работы является установление оптимальных условий ультразвукового воздействия на торфы верхового и низинного типов для интенсификации процессов экстракции и увеличения выхода гуминовых кислот. Основные результаты работы: выявлена эффективность применения ультразвуковой обработки торфяного сырья, установлены оптимальные режимы и условия экстрагирования, определен выход гуминовых кислот из верхового и низинного торфов. Экспериментально определено, что применение ультразвуковой обработки торфяного сырья в водно-щелочных средах способствует интенсификации процесса извлечения гуминовых кислот с увеличением их выхода. Результаты исследований будут использованы для получения фитогуминовых композиций на основе многокомпонентных растительных сборов для исследования их антиоксидантной активности. The article is devoted to the problem of intensifying the processes of extracting humic acid from the peats of the high-bog and fen types exposed to ultrasonic treatment. The purpose of the work is to establish optimal conditions for ultrasonic treatment of peats of the high-bog and fen types to intensify extraction processes and increase the humic acid yield. The main results of the work are as follows. The efficiency of applying ultrasonic treatment for peat raw materials has been revealed. The optimal modes and extraction conditions have been established. The yield of humic acids extracted from the high-bog and fen peats has been determined. It has been experimentally determined that the use of ultrasonic treatment for peat raw materials in aqueous-alkaline media contributes to intensifying the process of extracting humic acids and increases their yield. The research results will be used to obtain phyto-humic compositions based on multicomponent plant collections to study their antioxidant activity.
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Moskalenko, Tatiana, Valery Mikheev, and Elena Vorsina. "Intensification of humic acid extraction from lignites." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019202024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the methods of initial properties of solid fuels changing by their organic mass oxidation is considered in the paper. Creation of innovative ways of intensification of existing solid fuels processing and their adoption by industry has always been and remains an actual task. Thus the chemical process is the most important stage of raw materials processing into target products. Chemical exposure allows to optimize the technological mode, expanding the scope of control of technological process parameters and, to a certain extent, modify the properties of the resulting products. The article presents the results of experimental research of influence of preliminary oxidation on the lignite organic mass from Kharanorsk and Kangalas deposits by different chemical reagents to determine a degree of this process impact on the efficiency of their processing into humic substances. Inorganic and organic oxidizers of different concentrations were used as reagents. The greatest effect for increasing the humic acids yield was observed when using 6-10 % hydrogen peroxide for oxidation, and 10 % hydrochloric acid. The results of experiments on the coal preoxidation effect can be used as a basis for the development of a new method of lignites processing into humic substances.
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Deryagina, M. S., and O. M. Konyukhova. "Determination of Humic Acid Content in Sapropel." BIO Web of Conferences 57 (2023): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20235706002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The agricultural industry, in particular crop farming, is in need of using biological plant and soil protection products, as well as mineral fertilizers. A number of problems associated with soil contamination with substances of chemical nature that are part of mineral fertilizers can be solved through the use of biofertilizers based on humic acids (HA). HA can also be used as plant growth stimulants, restorers of disturbed soils and sorbents of toxic pollutants. One of the promising sources for obtaining HA is sapropel obtained during the reclamation of reservoirs. The study was conducted in order to determine the concentration of humic acids in sapropel harvested in the water bodies of the Republic of Mari El (RME) and to identify the method that assumes the best yield of HA. The object of the study were sapropel samples of various water bodies of the RME. Humic acids were isolated by two methods: the method of alkaline extraction and the method of aqueous extraction. According to the results of the study, significant differences in humic acid concentrations in sapropel samples were noted. It was found that sapropel of the Lake Vodoozerskoye deposit is characterized by the highest content of humic acids. It was also determined that the sapropel of this deposit is the leader in the amount of HA, regardless of the extraction method.
Дисертації з теми "Humic acid extraction"
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Crane, Cynthia E. "Sorption of pentachlorophenol to humic acids and subsequent effects on biodegradation and solvent extraction." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03172010-020652/.
Повний текст джерела
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Mema, Vusumzi. "Identification of extraction methods for the production of humic acids from black liquor /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/583.
Повний текст джерела
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Mema, Vusumzi (Vusie). "Identification of extraction methods for the production of humic acids from black liquor." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MScEng (Process Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.South Africa has a variety of sources for humic substances that may be utilised for the large-scale production of specialised fertilizers. Humic substances are dark coloured fully decomposed remains of plant and animal organic matter. Amongst the sources that were investigated in this study, a 5-weeks old compost (C5W), a 6-weeks old compost (C6W), a compost prepared by Medallion Mushroom farm for the production of mushrooms (CB1), a compost produced as waste material after mushroom production (CB2), recycled water used in compost (i.e. CB1) preparation for mushroom production (“Goodie water,” GW) and black liquor from pulp industry (BL), black liquor showed the best potential for the large scale production of humic acids in South Africa. The quantity and quality of humic acids in these materials were determined by using the basic acid-precipitation method and E6/E6 ratio analyses of the products. Extracting humic acids from black liquor was optimised by comparing three possible variations to the standard humic acid-precipitation method (HAp), namely, lignin extraction/humic acid precipitation method (LHAp), humic acid precipitation/acid treatment method (HApA) and lignin extraction/humic acid precipitation/acid treatment method (LHApA). The method of extraction had a substantial impact on the quantity and quality of humic acids produced. Humic acid precipitation method followed by humic acid precipitation/acid treatment method (HApA) demonstrated high quantities of humic acids compared to lignin extraction/humic acid precipitation method (LHAp) and lignin extraction/humic acid precipitation/acid treatment method (LHApA). Analyses such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Elemental Analysis demonstrated that the quality of humic acids produced from black liquor was similar to those reported previously. The type of material (e.g. softwood, hardwood and bagasse) used for black liquor production significantly affected the elemental and molecular composition of humic acids produced. The quality of humic acids produced was affected by both lignin extraction and acid treatment. However, chemical analyses indicated that the features of the humic acids extracted from black liquor correlated with their lignin origin. Humic acids from hardwood and softwood black liquor had a low nitrogen and high sulphur content compared to those extracted from black liquor produced from bagasse material. Although chemical and instrumental analysis of humic acids was quite reasonable for all humic acids produced, LHAp method was favoured for the extraction of humic acids from pine liquor due to the high quantity of humic acids produced (low S and ash contents). The humic acids extracted by means of HAp method and HApA had a positive effect on plant growth, when extracted from bagasse and Eucalyptus black liquors. Humic acids extracted by HAp from pine liquor had an inhibitory effect on plant growth. A possible process flow for the large-scale production of humic acids from black liquor was formulated. The possible process flow indicated that with the amounts of black liquor produced from pulp industry production of humic acids in South Africa is a possibility. Nevertheless, there is still more that needs to be done to investigate the cost effectiveness of this production prior its implementation. HAp method was most suitable for the production of humic acids from Eucalyptus and bagasse liquors in terms of quantity and plant response but LHAp method was more suitable for the production of humic acids from pine liquor in terms of both quantity and quality.
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Chatreewongsin, Urai. "Metal Extraction From Soil Samples By Chelation in a Microwave System." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26982.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work involves the combination of chelation and microwave extraction as a technique for extracting adsorbed metals in soil. It has been termed in this work, Chelate Assisted Microwave Extraction (CAME). Unlike other extraction methods, CAME is able to differentiate between anthropological and geological trace metals.
The method has been applied to major sample matrices included three types of soils (Bertie Sandy Loam, Davidson Silty Clay, and Davidson Clayey Loam) as well as sea sand, alumina, and iron oxide. In order to investigate the effects of sorptive coatings on metal concentrations, a sample set was first treated with humic acids, which represented organic coated materials. Afterwards, copper (II) solutions were spiked to both untreated and treated matrices and the efficiencies of recoveries were studied. Metal determinations were performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-AES).
Initial studies of control (untreated soil) and long-term Cu amended (spiked) Bertie Sandy Loam (BSL) indicated that extraction efficiencies were method dependent. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was a primary chelating agent used for method comparisons. Extracting solutions having a pH range from 7.8 to 10.1 did not affect the EDTA-microwave method, but the increase in pH enhanced Cu removal by the EDTA-shaking extraction method which was a conventional chelation using a mechanical shaker. With the EDTA-microwave method, complete extraction was achieved in a short period of time (20 minutes). Compared to the EDTA-shaking method using two sandy soils, the EDTA-microwave method proved to be more efficient in extracting sorbed metals in soils (5.9 vs. 4.6 µg/g for the control BSL and 37.5 vs. 27.8 µg/g for the amended BSL.
FT-IR and C13 NMR were used to characterize extracted and commercially available humic acids. The latter was employed to prepare the humate coated materials. Iron oxide containing materials such as Davidson Silty Clay (DSC), Davidson Clayey Loam (DCL), and iron oxide (Fe2O3), showed extremely high adsorption capabilities for humic acids, while sea sand, Bertie Sandy Loam, and alumina (Al₂O₃) provided lower adsorption capabilities for humic acids. Two sets of uncoated and humate coated materials were used for Cu spiking procedures using 0.001 M Cu (II) at pH 5.3 for 24 hour-equilibration. Three original soils and alumina showed high adsorption capabilities for Cu (II). The presence of coated humate helped increase Cu adsorption capabilities of these soils, but diminished the ability of alumina to react with Cu (II) ions. For HA-uncoated matrices, iron oxide had a higher Cu adsorption capability than sea sand but less than real soils. Humate coating improved Cu adsorption capabilities of not only real soils but iron oxide and sea sand as well.
Lastly, the developed method named Chelate Assisted Microwave Extraction (CAME) was further examined and optimized. Several samples were investigated for extraction efficiencies. A two-step extraction, applying 120 W for 5 min followed by 60 W for 10 min, was efficient in removing sorbed metals from different matrices regardless of sorptive oxide and organic components. Concentrations of chelating agents slightly affected percent metal removal; however, there was no significant difference in results obtained using EDTA or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Recoveries of spiked metals (Cu and Cd) ranged from 96 to 107%. Using the untreated (control) Davidson Silty Clay and Bertie Sandy Loam, the comparison of other chelating solutions were made. Clearly, CAME was promising and proved to be a good alternative to classical shaking method for extracting adsorbed metals from soils.Ph. D.
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CRISTINA, GIULIO. "The hidden potential of digested sewage sludge: a recycling approach to combat desertification." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2903484.
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Faro, Cynthia Cristina Pagliari de. "Processo de extração de DNA humano contaminado com solo." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2012. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3273.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The index of crime in our society grows to each day. It is observed, in special the increase of homicides, practiced in lands or small farms, where the briefing of the authorship of the criminal act is not had. The difficulty of criminal identification inhabits in the fact of the biological residues found in these places to be in contact with the ground of different natures. The importance of this work is in the possibility to present a reply to the society concerning the identification human being from contaminated biological vestiges of blood with ground. The objective of this work is to develop a protocol of extraction of DNA capable to isolate the human DNA of the constituent of the ground with intention to identify the possibly involved individual in criminal act. For four protocols of extraction of DNA they had been in such a way used, being two conventional protocols and two new protocols, developed for our team. 720 contaminated samples of blood with ground, being 240 for each type of ground had been used. 3 different types of ground had been used (wasteland, sand of the beach and mangrove). Of the 240 contaminated samples of human blood with ground, 120 had been submitted to the extraction of the DNA immediately after the contact with the ground (Time 0) and 120 submitted samples the extraction of DNA after a passed time of 72 hours of the contact with the ground (Time 72). The results had shown that the extracted samples of human blood in Time 0 for the conventional protocols had only amplified for one of the types of ground whereas the new protocols had gotten a good amplification for the three tested types of ground. Already for the effected Human extraction of DNA in Time 72 the amplification of the samples extracted with the conventional protocols was not observed. The new protocols had only provided to amplification and consequence identification human being. One concluded that the two new protocols, developed for our team, had presented resulted superior comparative to the too much protocols of extraction of DNA for the 3 types of tested ground, thus being able, to assist in the briefing of crimes and to provide to more sensitivity the usual techniques.O índice de criminalidade em nossa sociedade cresce a cada dia. É observado, em especial o aumento de homicídios, praticados em terrenos ou sítios, onde não se tem a elucidação da autoria do ato delituoso. A dificuldade de identificação criminosa reside no fato dos resíduos biológicos encontrados nestes locais estarem em contato com o solo de diferentes naturezas. A importância desse trabalho está na possibilidade de apresentar uma resposta à sociedade acerca da identificação humana a partir de vestígios biológicos de sangue contaminados com solo. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um protocolo de extração de DNA capaz de isolar o DNA humano dos constituintes do solo com o intuito de identificar o indivíduo possivelmente envolvido em ato delituoso. Para tanto quatro protocolos de extração de DNA foram utilizados, sendo dois protocolos convencionais e dois protocolos novos, desenvolvidos pela nossa equipe. Foram utilizadas 720 amostras de sangue contaminadas com solo, sendo 240 para cada tipo de solo. Foram utilizados 3 diferentes tipos de solo (terreno baldio, areia da praia e mangue). Das 240 amostras de sangue humano contaminados com solo, 120 foram submetidas à extração do DNA imediatamente após o contato com o solo (Tempo 0) e 120 amostras submetidas a extração de DNA após um tempo decorrido de 72 horas do contato com o solo (Tempo 72). Os resultados mostraram que as amostras de sangue humano extraídas em Tempo 0 pelos protocolos convencionais só amplificaram para um dos tipos de solo enquanto que os protocolos novos obtiveram uma boa amplificação para os três tipos de solo testados. Já para a extração de DNA Humano efetuada em Tempo 72 não foi observada a amplificação das amostras extraídas com os protocolos convencionais. Somente os protocolos novos proporcionaram amplificação e conseqüente identificação humana. Concluiu-se que os dois protocolos novos, desenvolvidos pela nossa equipe, apresentaram resultados superiores comparados aos demais protocolos de extração de DNA para os 3 tipos de solos testados, podendo assim, auxiliar na elucidação de crimes e proporcionar mais sensibilidade as técnicas usuais.
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Nováková, Šárka. "Stabilita půdní organické hmoty a huminových látek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376835.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This diploma thesis is focused on changes of stability in organic matter by extraction in different agents. Two soils of a different type and isolated humic acids were used for stability determination. Extraction agents were selected usually used for soil metal extraction, and a changes in the structure of the organic matter was observed. Samples were characterized using FTIR analysis and elemental analysis, the extracts were measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy, absorption ratios E2/E3, E4/E6 were discovered, dynamic light scattering were determined for particle size distributions. Next part of the thesis was the assessment of the change of thermal stability using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, degradation temperatures of the extracted samples were discovered and compared with the original samples.
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Krist, Tomáš. "Sekvenční frakcionace organické hmoty huminové kyseliny izolované z Leonarditu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445142.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the diploma thesis was to optimize the sequential fractionation method of organic matter to be used for physico-chemical characterization of extracted fractions. Humic acid isolated from oxidized brown coal of Leonardite was used as a source matrix of organic matter. An eluotropic series was assembled and sequential fractionation was performed by extraction on a Soxhlet apparatus. The original humic acid and fractions were characterized by elemental analysis (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), followed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), molecular absorption spectrometry (UV/VIS), fluorescence spectrometry and potentiometric titration. Atomic ratios were determined from the results of the elemental analysis. From the measured UV/Vis and fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, the absorption coefficients, resp. fluorescence coefficients. Used fractionation method proved to be a suitable method for studying HA structure. A total of 62 wt. % of initial materiál was extracted, indiivdual fraction amounted from 0.36–30.92 wt. %. From the results of the structural analysis, it is clear that with increasing polarity of the organic solvent, fractions with long aliphatic chains were first isolated and their aromaticity graddualy increased. Non-polar organic solvents were suitable for the extraction of lipid-like coumpounds, while the most polar organic fractions were rich in polar groups and their structual parameters were close to the original humic acid. The fraction extracted with acetonitrile was the most unique fraction. This fraction was rich on nitrogen and amine groups and was similar to protein-like structures. In the last two fractions, extracted with alcohols, a significant bathochromic shift typical of fluorophore type V was observed. Among other things, they were also characterized by a higher content of plant carbohydrate residues.
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Potočková, Jana. "Frakční složení kovových iontů v huminových gelech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216934.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis deals with bond strength of metal ions in humic gels. Several samples of humic acids were studied to consider influence of samples isolation process and their consequent characteristics on bond strength of metal ions in their complexes. Some functional groups was blocked by methylation at some samples. Amount of active functional groups in individual samples was determined by standard titration methods. Metal ions bound in humic complexes were divided into several fractions by extraction with different reagents (distilled water, 1M MgCl2, 1M HCl and 0,025M NH4EDTA). Two extraction methods were used: sequential and fractional. During the fractional extraction leaching of metal ions always proceeds in single agents from original komplex, whereas during the sequential extraction leaching proceeds gradually in all extraction agents in order according to rising afinity of agents, i.e. bond strength of metal ions in samples. Amount of metal ions in leaches after extractions was analysed by UV-VIS spektrometry.
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Kalina, Michal. "Využití průtokové coulometrie ve studiu transportu kovových iontů v huminových gelech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216652.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This diploma thesis deals with the study of non-stationary diffusion of cupric ions in humic gels. The main objective of the work was the optimalization of conditions for using the electrochemical analyzer EcaFlow 150 GLP for the study of diffusion experiments. Next part was focused on reaching of constant concentration profiles of cupric ions in humic gel. Last aim of the study was the bond strength between cupric ions and humic acids. Diffusion was characterized by the values of the diffusion flux and cupric ions concentration profiles in humic gel. The data necessary for calculation were obtained by the electrochemical analyses of the extracts of each slice after diffusion on the EcaFlow 150 GLP. It has been proved that after application of several adjustment is this method suitable for the study of diffusion experiments. By using of different extraction agents was obtained the fractionalization of cupric ions according to the bond strength to humic acids.
Частини книг з теми "Humic acid extraction"
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Vialykh, E. A., S. A. Ilarionov, and A. V. Zhdanova. "Amino Acid Composition Analysis of Humic Acids Isolated by Sequential Alkaline Extraction from Soil." In Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment, 215–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5634-2_38.
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Hemati, A., H. A. Alikhani, G. Bagheri Marandi, and L. Mohammadi. "Assessment of the Possibility of Humic Acid Extraction from Vermicompost with Urea." In Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment, 225–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5634-2_40.
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Crane, Cynthia E., and John T. Novak. "Solvent Extraction of Pentachlorophenol Associated with Humic Acids." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 574–84. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-74.
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Kumar Gautam, Rajneesh, Dimuth Navaratna, Shobha Muthukumaran, Amarendra Singh, Islamuddin, and Nandkishor More. "Humic Substances: Its Toxicology, Chemistry and Biology Associated with Soil, Plants and Environment." In Humic Substance [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98518.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent decades, scientists in different disciplines have been increasingly concerned about the fate of natural organic matter, and in particular of humic substances (HS). The term humic substances (HS) incorporates refractory autochthonous and terrestrial organic matter in the soil and aquatic ecosystem, and are one of the key fractions of natural organic matter. These substances are important chelators of trace elements constituting complex class of molecular structures that occur naturally, consisting of aggregation and assembly processes in which biomolecules derived from plant and animal residues are gradually transformed through biotic and abiotic tracts. Since these organic compounds are bound by or linked with soil mineral fractions, they must be physically or chemically separated from the inorganic components by an extraction method before their physico-chemical study. This chapter focuses on the chemo-toxicological, molecular aspects of humic compounds and their derivatives such as humins, fulvic acids, humic acids etc., with their agricultural, biomedical, environmental and biochemical applications. In addition to studying their impact on plant physiology and soil microstructure to expand our understanding about humic compounds.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Humic acid extraction"
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Smirnova, A. O., and O. V. Rybachuk. "Properties of hymatomelanic acid peat and its influence on the growth processes of spring wheat varieties Iren." In VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we consider two ways for obtaining hymatomelanic acid extraction into conventional Soxhlet extractions: directly from the peat and from the dry product of humic acid. The results of the study of the elemental composition of humic and hymatomelanic acids are presented, their similarities and differences are analyzed. In order to study the effect of humic and hymatomelanic acid preparations on the growth processes of spring wheat, a vegetation experiment was conducted. Peculiarities of biological action of the solutions and hymatomelanic and humic acids of different concentrations in spring wheat varieties “IREN” were investigated. The paper presents a method for determining the ash content of the studied peat, as well as, calculations of the economic feasibility of using preparations based on the hymatomelanic acids.
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Mustafa, Irfan, Hadiatullah, and Sustiyah. "Removal of humic acid from peat soils by using AlCl3 prior to DNA extraction." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING (ICCMME 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4983434.
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"Extraction in alkali without nitrogen significantly alters physico-chemical properties of humic acids from compost." In Seventh International Conference on Humic Innovative Technologies "Humic substances and technologies for resilience" (HIT – 2022). NP CBR "Humus Sapiens", 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2022.012.
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"Molecular composition - inhibition activity relationships for humic substances narrow fractions sets obtained by solid-phase extraction." In Sixth International Conference on Humic Innovative Technologies "Humic Substances and Eco-Adaptive Technologies ”(HIT – 2021). Non-Commercial Partnership "Center for Biogenic Resources "Humus Sapiens" (NP CBR "Humus Sapiens"), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36291/hit.2021.mikhnevich.001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Humic substances (HS) have a wide spectrum of biological activity including inhibitory activity against β-lactamases.1 The latter are capable of hydrolyzing beta-lactam antibiotics and represent one of the main pathways of bacterial antibiotic resistance. HS are characterized by low toxicity and good solubility in water. A use of HS for therapeutic purposes is hindered by extreme molecular heterogeneity and high level of isomeric complexity. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) fractionation in combination with ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) is a promising method to simplify this molecular system and isolate the most active components of HS. The aim of this work was to test various SPE fractionation schemes as an approach to directed isolation of the components with the given activity from HS. The sample of coal humic acids (CHA-G) was isolated from the commercial sodium humate “Genesis” and separated using SPE cartridge according to gradients in polarity1 and acidity2 inherent within the molecular components of HS. Inhibitory activity against β- lactamase TEM-1 and its mutants was measured using chromogenic substrate CENTA. Molecular composition of fractions was determined using FTICR mass spectrometer 15 T solariX (Bruker Daltonics) located at the Collective Use Center of Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of RAS. Molecular assignments were plotted into van Krevelen diagrams. The diagrams were binned into 20 cells are assigned to seven chemotypes, and occupational densities for each chemotype were calculated after Perminova.3 For the fractions separated by polarity, a substantial difference in the molecular composition was observed. Inhibitory activity grew along with an increase in hydrophobicity. The HS activity increased along with an increase in contribution of condensed tannins and phenylisopropanoids (O/C <0.5, H/C <1.4) and decreased along with contribution of hydrolyzed tannins (O/C> 0.5, H/C <1.4). The similar analysis was conducted for the fractions separated with regard to pKa value of the dominating functional groups. The most isomeric complex molecular components were defined, which can be found in different HS fractions, but they are identical in elemental composition. The data obtained make it possible to choose the most efficient fractionation method that effectively lowers the molecular complexity of HS and makes it possible to isolate the most active HS fractions. SPE-fractionation in combination with 2D chromatography is going to be used in our future studies to achieve high resolution separation and more reliable “molecular composition-activity” relationships. Further research might bring substantial advance in the field of directed design of biologically active humic-based materials and compositions. Acknowledgements. This work was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation no 21-73-20202. The center of collective use of the Zelinsky IOC RAS is appreciated. The research was conducted in the framework of the Scientific-Educational School of the Lomonosov MSU “Future of the plant and global environmental change”. References 1. Mikhnevich et al., ACS Omega, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02841 2. Zherebker et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 2667−2677 3. Perminova, I. V. PAC, 2019, 91(5), 851