Дисертації з теми "Human tongue"
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Napadow, Vitaly J. 1971. "Intramural mechanics in the human tongue." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9595.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 77-80).
Contraction of the tongue musculature during physiological motions (anterior protrusion, sagittal bending, swallowing) is associated with characteristic patterns of tissue deformation. Coupling knowledge of this tissue deformation with the underlying myoarchitecture offers the ability to explore complex structure-function relationships in the organ. In order to quantify strain in the human tongue, a non-invasive MRI tagging technique was used in combination with a fast asymmetric gradient echo imaging pulse sequence (TurboFLASH). This MRI technique discretize tissue into non-linear deforming elements. Individual elements were defined by selectively supersaturating bands of magnetic spins in resting tongue tissue along the antero-posterior and superiorinferior directions of the mid-sagittal plane, resulting in a rectilinear square grid. Axial and shear strains relative to the rest condition were determined for each element and represented by two-dimensional surface strain maps. Tongue myoarchitecture was studied with diffusion-tensor MRI. A slice select pulsed gradient stimulated echo pulse sequence was applied to derive the spatial diffusion tensor field in the tongue. Tensor eigenvectors and measures of anisotropy were used to derive a virtual anatomical atlas of the bovine tongue. During forward protrusion, the anterior tongue underwent positive antero-posterior strain ( elongation) and symmetrical negative medial-lateral and superiorinferior strain ( contraction). During sagittal bending directed to the hard palate, the tongue exhibited positive asymmetrical antero-posterior strain that increased radially as a function of distance from the center of curvature, with commensurate negative strain in the medial-lateral direction. Similarly, the magnitude of anterior-posterior strain during left-directed tongue bending was proportional to distance from the curved inner surface. The oral stage of the swallow was subdivided into an early accommodative phase, a late accommodative phase and a propulsive phase. For bolus accommodation, strain findings were consistent with contraction of the anteriorly located intrinsic muscles and the posteriorly located genioglossus and hyoglossus muscles. For bolus propulsion, strain findings were consistent with posterior passive stretch in the midline due to contractions of the laterally inserted styloglossus muscle, as well as contraction of posteriorly located intrinsic muscles. In conclusion, regulation of tongue deformation was related to regional activation of intrinsic and/or extrinsic lingual musculature, which was appreciated with 3D diffusion tensor visualization.
by Vitaly J. Napadow.
S.M.
Kajee, Yaseen. "The biomechanics of the human tongue." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5525.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 137-148).
The human tongue is composed mainly of skeletal-muscle tissue, and has a complex architecture. Its anatomy is characterised by interweaving, yet distinct muscle groups. It is a significant contributor to the phenomenon of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). OSA is a pathological condition defined as the partial or complete closing of any part of the human upper airway (HUA) during sleep. OSA syndrome affects a significant portion of the population. Patients with OSA syndrome experience various respiratory problems, an increase in the risk of heart disease, a significant decrease in productivity, and an increase in motor-vehicle accidents [58]. The aim of this work is to report on a constitutive model for the human tongue, and to demonstrate its use in computational simulations for OSA. A realistic model of the constitution of the tongue and computational simulations are also important in areas such as linguistics and speech therapy [44]. The detailed anatomical features of the tongue have been captured using data from the Visible Human Project (VHP) [102]. The geometry of the tongue, and each muscle group of the tongue, are visually identified, and its geometry captured using Mimics [100]. Various image processing tools available in Mimics, such as image segmentation, region-growing and volume generation were used to form the three-dimensional model of the tongue geometry. Muscle fibre orientations were extracted from the same dataset, also using Mimics.The muscle model presented here is based on Hill’s three-element model for representation of the constituent parts of muscle fibres. This Hill-type muscle model also draws from recent work in muscle modelling, by Martins [88]. The model is implemented in an Abaqus user element (UEL) subroutine [24]. The transversely isotropic behaviour of the muscle tissue is accounted for, as well as the influence of muscle activation. The mechanics of the model is limited to static, small-strain, anisotropic, linear-elastic behaviour, and the governing equations are suitably linearized. The body position of the patient during an apneic episode is accounted for in the simulations, as well as the effect of gravity. The focus of this study is on tongue muscle behaviour under gravitational loading, simulating a simplified OSA event. Future models will incorporate airway pressure as well. The behaviour of the model is illustrated in a number of benchmark tests, and computational examples.
Huo, Xueliang. "Tongue drive: a wireless tongue-operated assistive technology for people with severe disabilities." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45887.
Повний текст джерелаLoizou, Christos. "Human papillomavirus in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, tonsillar and mobile tongue cancer." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Öron- näs- och halssjukdomar, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124792.
Повний текст джерелаSyftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva effekterna av humant papillomvirus (HPV) vid cancer i halsmandlarna, cancer i tungan och vid luftvägspapillom. Totalt 27 patienter med luftvägspapillom (RRP) under åren 2004-2012 utvärderades 3 månader efter operationen med röst handikapp index (VHI) och livskvalitetformuläret SF-36. Resultaten jämfördes med normal data. Studiematerialet utökades med 21 patienter till totalt 48 RRP patienter i syfte att karakterisera patientgruppen i norra Sverige. För att studera HPV-DNA i tonsillcancer (n = 65) och i cancer i mobil del av tungan (n = 109) extraherades HPV-DNA från paraffininbäddade provbitar som sedan analyserades med PCR teknik och GP5 + / 6 + och CPI/IIG primer. Uttryck av surrogatmarkör p16 och HPV-receptorn syndekan -1 analyserades med immunhistokemi. RRP patienter hade en medianålder på 44,5 år; 71% var män och 29% kvinnor, företrädesvis infekterade med HPV6. Patienter som opererades mer än en gång per år var yngre än de som behandlats mindre ofta och hade en statistiskt sämre röstkvalitet än friska kontroller. Kvinnor, patienter med täta kirurgiska behandlingsintervall och högrisk-HPV hade signifikant sämre livskvalitet jämfört med friska kontroller. Patienter med hög kirurgisk behandlingsfrekvens per år var signifikant yngre och hade mer utbredd RRP sjukdom i luftstrupen, jämfört med gruppen med låg behandlingsfrekvens. Sammanlagt, 214 fall av halsmandelscancer identifierades i norra Sverige under åren 1990-2013; majoriteten var män, med en medianålder på 58 år och positiva för både HPV och p16. Andelen halsmandelscancer fall ökade med 2,7 gånger bland männen på 23 år. Vi fann ett starkt samband mellan uttryck av p16 och HPV infektion i halsmandelscancer men inte i HPV-negativ, delvis p16-positiv (33%) mobil tungcancer. Det fanns ingen skillnad i uttrycket av den primära HPV-receptorn, syndekan -1, jämförande tung-, och halsmandelscancer. Antalet RRP operationer, ålder vid insjuknandet, kön och genetisk variant av HPV kan användas som indikatorer för att förutsäga grad av röststörning. RRP patienter med hög kirurgisk behandlingsfrekvens var signifikant yngre och hade en mer utbredd luftvägssjukdom jämfört med RRP patienter som behandlas mindre ofta. Vi har identifierat en undergrupp av RRP patienter som inte primärt karakteriseras efter HPV virusets genetik utan av ett mer vårdintensivt förlopp. Den aktuella avhandlingen har identifierat en 2,7-faldig ökning av antalet halsmandelscancer hos män och ett starkt samband mellan p16 och HPV infektion i halsmandlar men inte i HPV-negativ tungcancer som inte korrelerar till p16 uttryck. Vi kan använda p16 för att påvisa HPV i tonsillcancer men inte i cancer i mobil tunga. Idag ingår HPV vaccination i det allmänna vaccinationsprogrammet för flickor. Vi förväntar oss en tydlig profylaktisk effekt avseende insjuknande i HPV-relaterad huvud- och hals cancer samt luftvägspapillom eftersom vaccinet skyddar mot HPV bl.a. 6, 11, 16 och 18. Män kommer definitivt att gynnas indirekt genom vaccination av kvinnor men kommer att ha fortsatt högre risk än kvinnor att insjukna i HPV relaterad cancer vilket understryker behovet av könsneutral vaccination. Vår avsikt med avhandlingen är att ge vetenskapligt stöd för könsneutralt vaccination och enkla metoder att påvisa halsmandelscancer.
Napadow, Vitaly J. 1971. "A biomechanical investigation of the structure--function relationships in the human tongue." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8628.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 147-154).
The human tongue is a versatile, lithe and structurally complex muscular organ that is of paramount importance for many physiological tasks. The lingual musculature is composed of various orthogonally oriented myofiber populations. Furthermore, coupling this knowledge of tissue myoarchitecture with patterns of regional deformation offers the ability to explore complex structure-function relationships in the organ. Tongue myoarchitecture was studied with Diffusion Tensor MRI (DTI), which derived the spatial diffusion tensor field in the tongue. Since, diffusivity relates directly to myofiber orientation, this in vivo technique successfully produced a virtual anatomical atlas. In order to relate this 3D myoarchitecture to physiological deformations, in vivo strain was quantified by an MRI tagging technique. This technique tagged lingual tissue with a rectilinear grid, which was subsequently imaged to track and quantify deformation through 3D strain measures. Anterior protrusion, sagittal bending, and oral stage deglutition were studied with this technique. The results demonstrated that synergistic co-contraction between various muscle populations produced the necessary deformations in global tongue shape. In order to delineate specific muscular contributions to sagittal bending, the tongue was modeled by a thermal bimetal strip analog wherein thermal contraction approximated muscle fiber activation.
(cont.) The results confirmed our hypothesis that sagittal bending resulted from synergistic co-contraction of two distinct myofiber populations. In conclusion, tongue deformation is intimately related to the lingual musculature, and our results confirm the characterization of the tongue as a muscular hydrostat - an organ whose musculature produces deformation as well as the structural support for that deformation.
by Vitaly J. Napadow.
Ph.D.
Easton, S. "Functional and metagenomic analysis of the human tongue dorsum using phage display." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18512/.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Chao-Min. "Computational Methods for Integrating Different Anatomical Data Sets of The Human Tongue /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148793324553722.
Повний текст джерелаDarmont, Araya Francis Mosheh. "Investigating the Design and Manufacture of PneuNet Actuators as a Prosthetic Tongue for Mimicking Human Deglutition." Digital WPI, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1300.
Повний текст джерелаStavness, Ian Kent. "Byte your tongue : a computational model of human mandibular-lingual biomechanics for biomedical applications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30306.
Повний текст джерелаMalenevska, K. "The more languages you know the more human you are." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11399.
Повний текст джерелаBaker, Todd Adam. "A biomechanical model of the human tongue for understanding speech production and other lingual behaviors." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193742.
Повний текст джерелаTakemoto, Hironori. "Morphological Analyses and 3-D Modeling of the Tongue Musculature in the Human and Chimpanzee." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151666.
Повний текст джерелаEvangelou, Iordanis E. "Three dimensional modelling of the human tongue musculature : definition of a method based on active contours." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409720.
Повний текст джерелаDahlgren, Liselotte. "Studies on the presence and influence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck tumors /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-289-6/.
Повний текст джерелаPatel, Kandarp. "Analysis of Human Echolocation Waveform for Radar Target Recognition." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1369160477.
Повний текст джерелаSgaramella, Nicola. "Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue : studies of biomarkers connected to human papillomavirus infection, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and locoregional metastatis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Patologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-134567.
Повний текст джерелаWaenerlund, Max. "The prognostic utility of p16 overexpression and Human Papillomavirus DNA presence in base of tongue cancer patients: A retrospective cohort study in Region Örebro County." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86767.
Повний текст джерелаMolitor, Elena von [Verfasser], and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Frings. "Human tongue-cell derived spheroids suggest that multiple pathways and molecules are involved in the sweet gustatory sense / Elena von Molitor ; Betreuer: Stephan Frings." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235144321/34.
Повний текст джерелаRing, Carolina. "Remote Education To Support Newcomer Pupils In Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-194523.
Повний текст джерелаSverige har just nu en ökning av nyanlända elever som måste integreras in i skolsystemet. Denna rapport lyfter fjärrundervisning som ett koncept för att stödja denna process. Aktuella metoder för fjärrundervisning har utforskats genom tidigare studier om videokonferenser och blandade lärmiljöer (eng. blended learning) samt relevanta teknologier. Intervjuer och observationer utfördes för att studera hur teknik används i skolan idag genom till exempel presentationer, videoklipp och surfplattor. Dessa visade också vilken del av undervisningen som inte utnyttjade teknik; så som whiteboards, fysiskt material och lärarnas användning av den fysiska miljön. En serie experiment utformades för att omvandla nuvarande undervisningsmetoder för fjärrundervisning. Studien visade att det viktigaste för fjärrundervisning är att omforma dagens klassiska undervisning baserat på det pedagogiska innehållet. Fysiska metoder måste omformas så att de passar det nya formatet medan redan digitala metoder behöver färre modifieringar. Fjärrundervisning har möjligheten att ge elever tillgång till undervisning som annars vore omöjlig att få tillgång till. Det skulle till exempel kunna öka antalet tillgängliga språk i modersmålsundervisning för nyanlända elever samt förhindra att elever behöver resa för att få sin berättigade utbildning.
Давидова, Людмила Миколаївна, Людмила Николаевна Давыдова та Liudmyla Mykolaivna Davydova. "Порівняльний аналіз анатомо-морфологічних особливостей язика людини та лабораторних щурів". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41735.
Повний текст джерелаMojadadi, Abdul Rahman. "The influence of interfaces on the understanding of Mathematics in secondary schools in Afghanistan." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9996_1306737536.
Повний текст джерелаhe focus of this research is to establish whether there is a difference in the way the genders perceive the visualization of mathematics, with specific reference to set theory. The influence of the computing experience of students on their perceptions was also investigated. Interfaces were created for the teaching of set theory for learners in the first class of secondary school. Since the mother tongue of most the pupils is Dari the interface was made available in both Dari and English. The interfaces were used to gather the data for the researc
Gordon, Peter. "Tongued with fire : Encounters between museum visitors and displayed human remains." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531318.
Повний текст джерелаTemple, Elizabeth C., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Science and Technology. "Aspects of the development of the sense of taste in humans." THESIS_FST_xxx_Temple_E.xml, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/61.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science (Hons)
Temple, Elizabeth Clare. "Aspects of the development of the sense of taste in humans /." View thesis View thesis, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030603.074427/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаDawes, Matthew. "Drug-induced vasodilation in human forearm resistance vasculature." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342326.
Повний текст джерелаMirlesse, Alice. "Identity on Trial: the Gabrielino Tongva Quest for Federal Recognition." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/90.
Повний текст джерелаBignell, B., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Social Inquiry, and School of Social Ecology. "Musical utterance as a way of knowing : a contemporary epistemology of music." THESIS_FSI_SEL_Bignell_B.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/344.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Blahák, Petr. "Audiometr pro audiometrii čistými tóny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218668.
Повний текст джерелаClemens, Alexander. "Investigating the Inclusivity of Face Detection." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1836.
Повний текст джерелаShabeeh, Husain. "Role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in human vascular tone and systemic haemodynamics in vivo." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/role-of-neuronal-nitric-oxide-synthase-in-human-vascular-tone-and-systemic-haemodynamics-in-vivo(cf1a8409-f8f6-4058-9af7-40b6c39d88ec).html.
Повний текст джерелаMurnane, Owen D., J. K. Kelly, B. Prieve, and Owen D. Murnane. "Tone-Burst-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and the Influence of High Frequency Hearing Loss in Humans." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2000. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1921.
Повний текст джерелаFavre, Jean-François. "Participation de l'activité tonique posturale à la genèse de certaines attitudes scoliotiques : application à la compréhension de certaines contre-performances gestuelles du sportif et à leur éventuelle correction." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100061.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis uses as its physiological basis of the postural muscular orthostatic activity. How do disturbances of the central nervous system modify the existing relationships between automatic involuntary tonic muscular syncinésis? The first chapter deals with the standing posture from the point of view of mechanics, the location maintenance of the center of gravity within the polygon of balance. In the first paragraph, the histological and anatomo-physiological aspects are considered as follow: 1) the skeleton from the postural functional point of view. 2) The system of muscular tone ensuring the maintenance of the center of gravity. 3) The proprioceptors infra and supra-spinal. 4) The sensori-motors pathways. 5) The centers in the central nervous system. The second paragraph in concerned with asymmetric anatomic involuntary muscle syncinesis. A detailed description of postural reflexes on decerebrated man and animal is followed by a study of these reflexes in physiology and in pathology. The second chapter deals with experiments. The first paragraph is a description of our method for testing and our measuring equipment. Statokinesimetric measures and photographs of five specific postures have been taken on a sample of scoliotic attitudes with central and peripheric postural disturbance. Two types of stimuli were introduced into the measures (permanent magnetic fields of 1500 Gauss and mechanical vibration 100 Hertz to analyze the reactions). The second paragraph is an expression, correlation and comparison of these measures with a sample. Our results demonstrate the existence of an important disturbance of lateral displacements depending on the archaic labyrinthic system. Mechanical vibrations mobilize the flexor-extensor groups whereas the magnetic fields tend to regulate the abductor-adductor groups. The results as a whole confirm a muscular etiology of some scoliotic attitudes
Pressard-Berthier, Véronique. "Expression de l'intériorité en danse moderne et contemporaine." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=https://www.harmatheque.com/ebook/expression-de-l-interiorite-en-danse-moderne-et-contemporaine-50068.
Повний текст джерелаThe passage of an exteriority codified looking for an interior movement in dance is the object of our study with the question of the emergence of the subject-dancing put watermark. The period of rupture between academicism and modemity in dance in the West is analyzed in the direction of a more general cultural evolution, including the phenomenon of birth of the individual, that is intimately bound the enlargement of the concept of equality and greater personal freedom. A study on physical interiority has retained our attention with the aim to highlight the process of progressive awareness of the intemal sensitivity of the dancer (transformation of the psychological and sensitive universe) from the Belle Epoque. The impact of modem dance on the culture of the time and vice versa has been subjected to specifie investigations, providing a layout perspective oftaste class to the public of an era, for a certain approach to the dancing body in close relationship with echoes of the dance productions. The writings of dancers, choreographers, theorists of the movement, physiologists, sociologists, historians, psychologists and philosophers constitute the base, informative and conceptual research, without omitting considerations of writers on the subject. Two interviews with choreographer Angelin Preljocaj, based on a questioning of his practices and his "felt", allow the analysis to be grounded in reality and the actuality of the object of study
Škutková, Helena. "Akustický generátor pro buzení evokovaných potenciálů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218222.
Повний текст джерелаSwersky, Liz. "Developing Skills for Successful Learning." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-83124.
Повний текст джерелаCHEN, JING-YI, and 陳靜宜. "Effect of BITC in human tongue squamous-cell carcinoma cells." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rrnen3.
Повний текст джерела輔英科技大學
醫學檢驗生物技術系碩士班
106
Oral cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death for males in Taiwan. Epidemiological studies have indicated that co-administration of natural compounds with anticancer drugs can lead to increased therapeutic activity against various types of cancers. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), one of the best studied members of the isothiocyanate family, has been found to exhibit prevention of cancers in laboratory animals and might also be chemoprotective in humans. However, the effects of BITC on tongue cancer remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to examine the early signaling effects of BITC on human tongue cancer cells SAS. Firstly, we evaluated the effect of BITC on cell viability of SAS cells using MTT assays. The results showed that BITC significantly decreased the viability of SAS cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Next, we assessed the effect of BITC (5, 10 μM) on reactive oxidative species (ROS) using DCF-DA reagent. ROS induced by BITC in OSCC cells was also in a dose-dependent manner. The experiment explored the mechanism of death of BITC against SAS cells. It was found that atypical DNA fragments after BITC treatment. Wound healing assay demonstrated that BITC exhibited an inhibitory effect on the abilities of migration in SAS cancer cells. Above results showed that BITC can inhibit the growth and proliferation of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. It is expected that BITC can be a novel drug for the malignant progression of tongue cancer.
Mestre, Verónica Filipa Alves. "Study of oropharyngeal carcinogenesis induced by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) in a murine model." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/9894.
Повний текст джерелаOropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is more common in men when compared with women and often shows an aggressive biological behavior. OPSCCs related to infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are classified as HPV-positive while those linked to exposure to risk factors, like alcohol and tobacco, are classified as HPV-negative. Detection of HPV DNA along with the detection of the p16 protein are the golden standard methods to diagnose both types of OPSCC. This work aimed to adress the ability of HPV16 to induce OPSCC in transgenic mice, to study the influence of gender on cancer development and to investigate the occurrence of these tumors in specific oropharyngeal locations. In this way, an experimental assay using mice in which the expression of the HPV16 early genomic region is controlled by the cytokeratin 14 gene (CK14) promoter targeting the basal layer of squamous epithelia, was performed. Two female mice groups were used: wild type (n=10) and HPV16-transgenic (n=90). These animals were maintained until the age of 30 weeks, sacrificed, and the tongues were collected for lesions’ classification. We observed pre-malignant lesions throughout the oral cavity, but invasive lesions (squamous cell carcinoma, SCC in 23.2% of mice) was remarkably restricted to the tongue base, like in humans. Immunohistochemically, the lesions were positive for CK14 and showed suprabasal Ki-67+ cells, confirming that the CK14 gene promoter was active in these tissues and that the HPV16 transgenes effectively dysregulated cell proliferation. Transgenic mice also exhibited p16 protein overexpression, further validating the etiologic involvement of the HPV16 transgenes in this model. We hypothesized that malignant lesions specifically targeted the tongue base because this area contained an HPV-sensitive transformation zone as previously found in the cervix and anus. Immunohistochemistry for CK7 and p63 allowed us to map a putative transformation zone in von Ebner's salivary gland, showing similar morphology to the anal transformation zone. To study the incidence of OPSCC in male mice, we collected tongue samples from another assay using the same mouse strain, where mice received a penile topic application of the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) for 17 weeks, once a week to induce penile cancer. Animals were divided into four groups: wild type (n=15); wild type+DMBA (n=30); HPV16-transgenic (n=40); HPV16-transgenic+DMBA (n=40). The animals were sacrificed four weeks after the last DMBA adminstration, and the tongue was collected for histological analysis. Blood was collected to perform genotoxicity tests and confirm whether DMBA had systemic effects, potentially promoting oropharyngeal carcinogenesis. No differences genotoxicity parameters were observed among groups. SCC was restricted to the tongue base, as observed in females, and presented a similar incidence in animals treated (3.2%) and untreated (3.7%) with DMBA. These results provide experimental evidence for the etiologic role of HPV16 in OPSCC and suggest that tongue base tumors may arise from a transformation zone in von Ebner's gland. In this model, a much lower OPSCC incidence was observed in males when compared with females. Overall, these data contribute to validate HPV16-transgenic mice as a model for OPSCC.
O carcinoma de células escamosas da orofaringe (OPSCC) é mais frequente em homens do que em mulheres e geralmente mostra um comportamento biológico agressivo. Os OPSCCs associados à infeção por papilomavírus humano de alto risco (HR-HPV) são classificados como HPV-positivos, enquanto que os relacionados com fatores de risco clássicos como o consumo de álcool e tabaco são classificados como HPV-negativos. A deteção do DNA do HPV, juntamente com a deteção da proteína p16, são os métodos de eleição para diagnosticar os dois tipos de OPSCC. Este trabalho teve como objetivo testar a capacidade do HPV16 para induzir OPSCC em murganhos transgénicos, estudar a influência da diferença de género no desenvolvimento deste tipo de cancro e investigar a ocorrência destes tumores em localizações anatómicas específicas. Para responder a estas questões, foi executado um ensaio experimental utilizando murganhos nos quais a expressão da região Early do HPV16 é controlada pelo promotor do gene citoqueratina 14 (CK14), direcionando a expressão para as camadas basais do epitélio. Neste ensaio foram utilizados dois grupos de murganhos fêmea: wild type (n=10) e transgénicos para o HPV16 (n=90). Estes animais foram sacrificados às 30 semanas de idade e as suas línguas foram colhidas para classificação das lesões. Foram observadas lesões pré-malignas e lesões invasivas (carcinoma das células escamosas, SCC em 23,2% dos murganhos) circunscritas à base da língua, como acontece no Homem. As lesões apresentaram positividade para a CK14 e as células suprabasais apresentaram marcação positiva para o Ki-67 confirmando que o promotor do gene CK14 estava ativo nestes tecidos e que a expressão dos transgenes do HPV16 contribui para uma proliferação celular desregulada. Os murganhos transgénicos demonstraram uma expressão aumentada da proteína p16, validando o envolvimento dos transgenes do HPV16 neste modelo animal. A deteção imunohistoquímica da CK7 e p63 permitiu-nos mapear uma possível zona de transformação na glândula salivar de von Ebner's, com uma morfologia semelhante à zona de transformação do ânus. Para estudar a incidência de OPSCC em murganhos macho, foram recolhidas línguas de outro ensaio experimental usando a mesma estirpe. Estes receberam uma aplicação tópica semanal do agente carcinogénico 7,12 dimetilbenzantraceno (DMBA) durante 17 semanas para induzir cancro do pénis. Neste ensaio experimental foram usados quatro grupos: wild type (n=15); wild type+DMBA (n=30); transgénicos para o HPV16 (n=40); transgénicos para o HPV16+DMBA (n=40). Quatro semanas após a última administração de DMBA, os animais foram sacrificados e as suas línguas foram recolhidas para análise histológica. O sangue periférico foi recolhido para a execução de testes de toxicidade com o intuito de confirmar se o DMBA teve efeito sistémico, promovendo o processo de carcinogénese na orofaringe. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos parâmetros de genotoxicidade entre grupos. À semelhança das fêmeas, os SCC estavam restritos à base da língua e a sua frequência foi semelhante entre animais tratados (3,2%) e não tratados (3,7%) com DMBA. Estes resultados apresentam evidências do papel do HPV16 em OPSCC e sugerem que os tumores na base da língua poderão emergir de uma zona de transformação da glândula de von Ebner´s. Neste modelo, os murganhos machos apresentaram uma incidência de OPSCC inferior à dos murganhos fêmea. De um modo geral, estes resultados permitem validar os murganhos transgénicos K14HPV16 como um modelo para o estudo do OPSCC.
Chien, Tsun-Cheng, and 簡村誠. "Automatic Segmentation of the Tongue Structure from Human Oral MR Images." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00894825682093041261.
Повний текст джерела國立中央大學
電機工程研究所
97
The long term purpose of this research is to study the physiological articulation mechanism based on a three-dimensional (3D) tongue model that is reconstructed from oral magnetic resonance images (MRI). The accuracy of reconstructed 3D tongue depends on the results of image segmentation of tongue structure from oral MRI data. The main purpose of this study is to automatically segment tongue structure from the oral MRI data not only to save time and efforts for data processing but also to keep the accuracy of automatic segmentation the same as the manual segmentation. This study adopted Level Set (LS) method to segment image automatically and used Gradient Vector Flow Snake (GVFS) method to move the contours toward the tongue boundary and to smooth the segmented contours. The results of our study showed that 5.5 minutes were taken to segment one subject automatically. This is faster than the time needed (22.6 min.) for manual segmentation by a well-trained operator. Similarity index was used to evaluate the accuracy of our segmentation. The results by our method showed average slice similarity index is greater than 0.88 (8 subjects, 4 females, 4 males). This indicates excellent agreement. In addition, the 3D tongue reconstructed from this study is less smooth than by the manual segmentation, and the shape of the 3D tongue reconstructed from this study is approximately similar to the manual segmentation. Finally, the internal structure of the tongue observed from this study from the tongue mid-sagittal slice is visually the same as the manual segmentation.
Tsai, Ming-Li, and 蔡明俐. "Gypenosides induce apoptosis and metastasis inhibition in human tongue squamous carcinoma cells (SCC4)." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19487465988840963875.
Повний текст джерела中國醫藥大學
中國醫學研究所碩士班
95
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is one of the Chinese medical herbs. Gypenosides (Gyps) is a major compound of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino. Clinical researches indicated that gypenosides have various pharmacological effects including anti-tumor effects, decreasing blood lipid, antioxidation effect,enhancing immune capacity effect,promoting live functions etc. Previous studies have shown that gypenosides induced cytotoxicity, G0/ G1 arrest of cell cycle and apoptosis in human colon, breast and liver cancer cell lines underwent the activation of caspase 3. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the gypenosides induced apoptotic process and inhibition of metastasis are still unclear. In the present studies, we have observed that treated SCC4 cells with gypenosides resulted in a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability. Furthermor, we found the gypenoside induced apoptosis in human tongue squamous carcinoma cells (SCC4) by morphological changes, DAPI staining , comet assay and DNA fragmentation agarose gel electrophoresis. In this study,the Western blot will be used for detecting cell cycle associate protein and apoptosis. The data display that Gyps induced G0/ G1 phase arrest of cell cycle in SCC4 cells through the up-regulation of chk2, p53, p21, p16, and down-regulation of cyclin D, cyclin E, cdk6,. These results suggest that Gyps induced apoptosis through (1) the mitochondria-dependent pathways: up-regulation of Bax, cytochrome c, caspase 9, caspase 3, and down-regulation of BcL-2, BcL-XL.(2) the death receptor-dependent pathways: up-regulation of TRAIL、caspase 8、Bid (3) the endoplasmic reticulum-dependent pathways: up-regulation of Ca2+、caspase 12 and down-regulation of GRP78 (4) the redox signaling pathways: up-regulation of ROS, SOD, GST, catalase (5) MAPKs pathways: up-regulation of JNK1/2, p38 and down-regulation of ERK1/2. Our results indicated that Gyps induced inhibition of metastasis in SCC4 cells through the。Ras/ NFκB/ iNOS/ COX-2/ p53 pathway or Ras/ ERK1/2 pathway and decreased the expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9.
Lee, Pei-Hsuan, and 李沛軒. "Effects of Celastrol on Cytosolic Ca2+ Levels and Cytotoxicity in Human Tongue Cancer Cells." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pa2p5x.
Повний текст джерелаHo, Yung-Tsuan, and 何永鑽. "Molecular mechanisms of growth inhibition on human tongue cancer SCC-4 cells by berberine:in vitro and in vivo." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58287981675249200971.
Повний текст джерела中國醫藥大學
中國醫學研究所博士班
97
1. Berberine induced apoptosis via promoting the expression of caspase-8, -9 and -3, apoptosis inducing factor and endonuclease G in SCC-4 human tongue squamous carcinoma cancer cells Phytochemicals have been recognized to have potential chemo-preventive or chemotherapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. Here, we hypothesized that berberine would have anti-cancer activities in human tongue cancer SCC-4 cells. Results indicated that berberine decreased the viability of SCC-4 cells which was initiated by the generation of reactive oxygen species, via an increase in cytosolic Ca2+. Berberine induced apoptosis was associated with a reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential associated with changes in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and activation of down-stream caspase-3. Real time PCR showed that berberine stimulated gene expression of caspase-8, -9 and -3, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and Endo G. The present study demonstrated that berberine-mediated apoptosis of SCC-4 cells is regulated by ROS, mitochondria, caspase-3 -dependent and -independent pathways, suggesting that berberine may be considered for future studies as a promising therapeutic candidate for human tongue cancer. 2. Berberine suppresses in vitro migration and invasion of human SCC-4 tongue squamous cancer cells through the inhibitions of FAK, IKK, NF-κB, u-PA and MMP-2 and -9 There is increasing evidence that urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Inhibition of uPA and MMPs could suppress migration and invasion of cancer cells. Berberine, one of the main constituents of the plant Rhizoma coptidis, is a type of isoquinoline alkaloid, reported to have anticancer effects in different human cancer cell lines. There is however, no available information on effects of berberine on migration and invasion of human tongue cancer cells. Here, we report that berberine inhibited migration and invasion of human SCC-4 tongue squamous carcinoma cells. This action was mediated by the p-JNK, p-ERK, p-38, IκK and NF-κB signaling pathways resulting in inhibition of MMP-2 and -9 in human SCC-4 tongue squamous carcinoma cells. These results suggest that berberine down-regulates uPA , MMP-2 and -9 expressions in SCC-4 cells through the NF-κB and MAPK mediated pathway and a novel function of berberine is to inhibit the invasive capacity of malignant cells. 3. Berberine Inhibits Human Tongue Squamous Carcinoma Cancer Tumor Growth in a Murine Xenograft Model Many evidences have been shown that dietary fruits and vegetables can act as protective for maligancies and carcinogenesis. Berberine is one of component from natural plant such as barberry. Many studies have been shown that berberine induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in many cancer cell lines. Our primary studies also showed that berberine induced apoptosis in human tongue cancer SCC-4 cells in vitro. But there is no report to show berberine inhibited SCC-4 cancer cells in vivo on a murine xenograft animal model. SCC-4 tumor cells were implanted into mice and groups of mice were treated with vehicle, berberine (10 mg/kg ) and doxorubicin (4 mg/kg ). The tested agents were injected once per four days intraperitoneally, with treatment starting 4 weeks prior to cell inoculation. Treatment with 4 mg/kg of doxorubicin or with 10 mg/kg of berberine resulted in a reduction in tumor incidence. Tumor size in xenograft mice treated with 10 mg/kg berberine was significantly smaller than that in the control group. Our findings indicate that berbeirne inhibits tumor growth in a xenograft animal model, berberine may represent a tongue cancer preventive agent.
Lan, Sheng-Huei, and 藍昇輝. "Capsaicin induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal cancer NPC-039 cells and human squamous cell carcinoma of tongue cancer SCC-4 cells." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28805811242563350272.
Повний текст джерела中國醫藥大學
營養學系碩士班
95
Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is well known as an important component from spice vegetables and it has been shown to exhibit immunostimulatory and anti-cancer activity. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal cancer cells or human tongue cancer cells are poorly understood. In this study, we have investigated whether capsaicin exerts cell cyle and apoptotic effects on human nasopharyngeal cancer NPC-039 cells and human squamous cell carcinoma of tongue cancer SCC-4 cells. It was found that capsaicin could inhibit cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. This is associated with the arrest of G0/G1 phase which is closely correlated to decreased cyclin D and Cdk2 levels. In NPC-039 cells ,the induction of apoptotic cell death through up-regulation of Bax and the activation of caspases with the down-regulation of Bcl-2. This led to decreased levels of mitochondrial membrane potential. Capsaicin also induced ER stress based on the release Ca2+ and GADD153. These data clearly indicate that capsaicin-induced apoptosis is through ER stress and mitochondria-dependent pathway of NPC-039 cells. Besides these pathways,capsaicin also induced apoptosis through death receptor pathway in SCC-4 cells. Transcription of the human vanilloid receptor type-1, VR1 or TRPV1, was demonstrated by RT-PCR in NPC-039 cells. Capsaicin-induced ER stress was not reduced by the antagonist capsazepine in 25 μM, suggesting a receptor-independent mechanism.
Lin, Yu-Ching, and 林妤青. "Crude extracts of Agaricus blazei induced apoptosis in human oral tongue cancer CAL 27 cells through mitochondria-dependent pathway." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73869555422117738225.
Повний текст джерела亞洲大學
生物科技學系碩士班
97
In Taiwan, oral cancer is the 4th leading cause of male cancer mortality, and it is still increasing in recent years. Cigarette smoking, betel quid chewing and alcohol consumption are popular that imposed the risk in individuals to develop oral cancer. The Basiodiomycete fungus Agaricus blazei Murill (A. blazei) is a dietary mushrooms and had been known for it’s immune-enhancing, antitumor, antioxidation, antiviral and anti-mutagenesis function. However, the exact anticancer mechanisms of A. blazei on human oral cancer cells are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 50% ethanol crude extracts and hot water extracts of A. blazei on oral cancer CAL 27 cells. We observed that 0.9 mg/ml and 0.7 mg/ml A. blazei could cause morphological changes and significantly decreased cell viability after 48 hours treatment. The results showed that 50% ethanol crude extracts and hot water extracts of A. blazei inhibited cell proliferation, induced the levels of Ca2+ concentration, decreased the levels of mitochondria membrane potential, and caused cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and commitment to apoptosis. Additionally, A. blazei could induce DNA fragmentation, a characteristic of apoptosis. The expression of apoptosis-related protein including AIF, cytochrome c, and caspase-3 was increased. Overall, we demonstrated that 50% ethanol crude extracts and hot water extracts of A. blazei could induce CAL 27 cells apoptosis via the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm and induced the activation of caspase-3.
Wang, Yi-Chin, and 王怡勤. "Study of the mechanisms of anthocyanidins from crude black rice extract in human oral tongue cancer CAL 27 cells." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52855573522385154986.
Повний текст джерела亞洲大學
生物科技學系碩士班
100
There are many colored rice in rice germplasm. The pigments of colored rice are mainly located at the pericarp or seed coats of rice grain and they are anthocyanins pigments. The red cyanidins, orange pelargonidin, and purple-blue delphinidin are three major anthocyanins, which are reported to have anti-oxidative activity on lipid and scavenge activity for removing free radical. The results of HPLC analyses showed that the major anthocyanin is cyanidin-3-glucoside in the pericarp of black rice. Metastasis, the major cause of cancer death and various treatment strategies have targeted on preventing the occurrence of metastasis. The invasion of metastasis is connected with proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix(ECM) and cell adhesion, essential to achieving cell motility. Anthocyanins, a large group of natrual polyphenols existing in a wide range of daily fruits and vegetables, have been widely recognized to possess several potential as cancer chemopreventive agents. Recent studies have revealed pleiotropic anticancer and antiproliferative capabilities of anthocyanins. Therefore, it may be of great value in developing a potential cancer therapy for anthocyanins. Tumor metastasis is the most important cause of cancer death and various treatment strategies have targeted on preventing the occurrence of metastasis. The anti-metastatic mechanism of anthocyanins on the invasion/migration of human oral CAL 27 cells which were performed by used a Transwell to quantify the migratory potential of CAL 27 cells and we found that anthocyanins can inhibit in vitro migration and invasion of CAL 27 cancer cells. Besides, the gelatin zymography assay indicated that anthocyanins inhibited the activity of matrix metalloproteinases 2(MMP-2). Western blotting assay also showed that anthocyanins inhibited the associated protein expression of migration/invasion of CAL 27 cell. Immunofluorescence staining proved that anthocyanins inhibited Nuclear factor kappa B-p65(NF-κB p65)expressions. These results demonstrated that anthocyanins could suppress CAL 27 cell metastasis by reduction of MMP-2, MMP-9,u-PA and NF-κB p65 expression through the suppression of PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibition of NF-κB levels.
Saleem, Saira, A. Jamshed, S. Faisal, R. Hussain, M. Tahseen, A. Loya, and Chris W. Sutton. "Patterns of cancer cell sphere formation in primary cultures of human oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and neck nodes." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9890.
Повний текст джерелаRecently a sub-population of cells with stem cell characteristics, reported to be associated with initiation, growth, spread and recurrence, has been identified in several solid tumors including oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). The aim of our pilot study was to isolate CD44+ cancer stem cells from primary cultures of OTSCC and neck node Level I (node-I) biopsies, grow cell spheres and observe their characteristics in primary cultures. Parallel cultures of hyperplastic lesions of tongue (non-cancer) were set up as a control. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect CD44/CD24 expression and magnetic activated cell sorting to isolate CD44+ cell populations followed by primary cell culturing. Both OTSCC and node-I biopsies produced floating spheres in suspension, however those grown in hyperplastic and node-I primary cultures did not exhibit self-renewal properties. Lymph node metastatic OTSCC, express higher CD44/CD24 levels, produce cancer cell spheres in larger number and rapidly (24 hours) compared to node negative OTSCC (1 week) and non-cancer specimens (3 weeks). In addition, metastatic OTSCC have the capacity for proliferation for up to three generations in primary culture. This in vitro system will be used to study cancer stem cell behavior, therapeutic drug screening and optimization of radiation dose for elimination of resistant cancer cells.
SKMCH&RC, Yorkshire Cancer Research
Mandich, Marie-Alice. "Relationship of human tongue volume with inter-dental maxillary and mandibular arch width, palatal axial cross-sectional perimeter, palatal index and root axial inclination." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1389.
Повний текст джерелаLai, Wan-Wen, and 賴婉文. "Effects of emodin, aloe-emodin and rhein on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line (SCC4)." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57361134245598589794.
Повний текст джерела中國醫藥大學
醫學研究所碩士班
95
The oral cancer is an occurrence in the malignant tumor of the oral part. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say there are 30,000 new cases of oral cancer each year in USA. The oral cancer has already reached the fourth greatest cancers causes death in Taiwan. Squamous carcinoma is the most familiar malignant tumor in upper gastrointestinal tract. It account for 90%-95% of oral cancer. Rhubarb is a traditional Chinese medicine which has been used since ancient times and is still present today in various herbal preparations. Emodin, aloe-emodin and rhein are major components of rhubarb. The three compounds have been demonstrated that possess a number of biological activities such as anti-virus, anti-bacteria, stimulation of cytokine release, vasorelaxative, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumor activity in human cancer cell lines. There is no available information to address those three compounds effects on human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line (SCC-4). Therefore, in this study, we want to examine whether or not emodin, aloe-emodin and rhein have an anti-cancer ability of repressing the SCC4 cancer cells in Vitro. The results demonstrated that three examined compounds induced the cell cycle arrest (emodin: G2-M phase arrest; aloe-emodin and rhein: S phase arrest) and apoptosis in SCC-4 cell line. Three compounds also increased the reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ production, promoted Caspase-3, -8 and -9 activities and decreased the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential in examined SCC-4 cells. Western blotting analysis revealed that aloe-emodin promoted p53, p21 and p27 and inhibited the levels of Cyclin E and CDK2 before leading to S phase arrest. Those effects are dose time-dependent manners. Aloe-emodin promoted Caspase-3 and -9 activities, increased the levels of Bax and decreased the levels of Bcl-2. It also promoted Caspase-8 activity increased the levels of FasLigand. The western analysis maybe demonstrated that course to increase the production ROS and decreasing the levels of mitochondrial membrane potential before being induced apoptosis.
Scott, Claire. ""How do I understand myself in this text-tortured land?" : identity, belonging and textuality in Antjie Krog's A change of tongue, Down to my last skin and Body bereft." Thesis, 2006.
Знайти повний текст джерелаThesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
Gora, Ruth Babra. "Perception and attitude towards the study of African languages in Zimbabwean high schools : implications for human resources development and management." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14412.
Повний текст джерелаAfrican Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)
Frýdová, Aneta. "Sledování tvarových změn kosterního svalu v závislosti na povrchové teplotě těla." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348580.
Повний текст джерела