Дисертації з теми "Human Telomeric DNA"
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Brown, Karen E. "Telomere-directed breakage of the human Y chromosome." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260731.
Повний текст джерелаTkac, Jan. "Detection of telomeric DNA circles in human ALT cells using rolling circle amplification." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15217.
Повний текст джерелаKoirala, Deepak P. "Mechanochemistry, Transition Dynamics and Ligand-Induced Stabilization of Human Telomeric G-Quadruplexes at Single-Molecule Level." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1397919270.
Повний текст джерелаPataskar, Shashank S. "Structure Function Studies Of Biologically Important Simple Repetitive DNA Sequences." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/261.
Повний текст джерелаPataskar, Shashank S. "Structure Function Studies Of Biologically Important Simple Repetitive DNA Sequences." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2001. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/261.
Повний текст джерелаYasaei, Hemad. "Analysis of telomere maintenance in artemis defective human cell lines." Thesis, Brunel University, 2009. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4406.
Повний текст джерелаWainwright, Linda Jane. "Studies of mean telomere length in human skin : changes with age and in malignancy." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260056.
Повний текст джерелаJeyapalan, Jessie Chandika. "The significance of drug induced DNA damage of telomeres in human tumour cells." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/779.
Повний текст джерелаMusetti, Caterina Livia. "Heterocyclic Cations as Potential Anticancer Agents: An Approach that Targets G-quadruplex with Different Binding Modes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_theses/26.
Повний текст джерелаLannan, Ford. "Folding of the human telomere sequence DNA in non-aqueous and otherwise viscous solvents." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47598.
Повний текст джерелаKychygina, Ganna. "Interaction between telomeres and the nuclear envelope in human cells : dynamics and molecular mechanism." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS259.
Повний текст джерелаThe material that contains genetic information of human cells consists in linear chromosomes. The extremities of chromosomes are protected by a specific structure called telomeres. Telomeres are made of repeated DNA sequence, covered by special proteins that prevent cells to recognize extremities of their chromosomes as internal DNA break, thus not to perform unnecessary repair that will result in genome instability. Therefore, telomeres play a major role in genome protection. Chromosomes are spatially organized in the cell nucleus. This organization is important as positioning of chromosomes in the nucleus ensures proper regulatory functions of the genome, such as activation or repression of genes. During the cell division process, this organization is lost after nuclear membrane disassembly and the condensation of DNA, to allow correct segregation of chromosomes between daughter cells. After cell division, the nuclei of daughter cells are reformed, and nuclear membrane is reconstructed. The chromosomes are then relocated as in the mother cell. This mechanism of spatial memory is not well understood yet, but is key to maintain stability of the genome. A large proportion of telomeres are anchored to the nuclear membrane at the end of mitosis, and stay during nuclear envelope reformation. Our laboratory focuses on characterizing the role of telomere anchoring during this important phase of cell cycle. In particular, we want to understand this mechanism in normal cells and cells from patients with premature aging disease. This thesis aims to understand the impact of nuclear envelope abnormalities on the genetic material, in particular on telomere integrity, as telomeres protect genetic information. Here, we use microscopy approaches and techniques of molecular and cellular biology to better understand the link between nuclear organisation and genome stability maintenance
dos, Santos Soares Martins de Castro Alicia Maria. "A mechanistic investigation into candidate markers of telomere-induced senescence in normal human epidermal keratinocytes." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8034.
Повний текст джерелаLee-Bellantoni, Margaret S. "Antioxidant defense and redox responses to telomere homolog oligonucleotides in human dermal fibroblasts: a model for investigating redox signaling responses to DNA damage." Thesis, Boston University, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/37162.
Повний текст джерелаPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
It has been demonstrated that oligonucleotides homologous to the 3' telomere repeat sequence TTAGGG (T-oligos) stimulate DNA damage responses that are also induced by disruption of the telomere loop structure. Adaptive defense against oxidative stress and UV or ionizing radiation has been reported, but adaptive antioxidant defense as a response to mimicking telomere loop exposure has not been described. The T-oligos pTT and pGTTAGGGTTAG were added to human dermal fibroblast cultures to investigate whether mimicking telomere loop disruption stimulates antioxidant defense. pTT stimulated mitochondrial superoxide dismutase protein levels within 72 hours. Cell yields were higher after H202 exposure in fibroblasts pretreated with pTT for 72 hours compared to diluent pretreated cells. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, measured by flow cytometry and the dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe, increased during T-oligo treatment as compared to diluent and oligonucleotide controls. The time course and degree of ROS stimulation corresponded to the time course for activation and/or induction of p53 and p21/Cip1/Waf1. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyliodonium chloride abrogated this increase and fibroblasts retrovirally transduced to produce dominant negative p53 failed to display increased ROS, implicating that the T-oligos induced ROS through p53-responsive NADPH oxidases. A horseradish peroxidase assay for extracellular H20 2 showed no H20 2 release with pTT treatment. To determine whether there was induction of senescence, an endpoint response to increased ROS and prolonged T-oligo treatment in fibroblasts, the senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay was conducted in parallel with the DCF assay. Only the 11mer T-oligo treatment modestly increased the number of β-galactosidase positive cells by 72 hours (<30% of cells). This is the first report suggesting that antioxidant defense and ROS signaling are part of the broad adaptive response in mammalian cells presumably initiated by telomere loop disruption and mimicked by T-oligos. T-oligo treatment thus offers a new model for studies of ROS signaling in human dermal fibroblasts, allowing exploration of the relationships between DNA damage, ROS, oxidative stress, and the evolution of cellular defense mechanisms.
2031-01-01
Cabuy, Erik. "Investigations of telomere maintenance in DNA damage response defective cells and telomerase in brain tumours." Thesis, Brunel University, 2005. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5157.
Повний текст джерелаFumagalli, M. "Characterization of the mechanisms controlling the DNA damage response in human cellular senescence." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/60446.
Повний текст джерелаMonfouilloux, Sylvaine. "Etude de la structure et de l'évolution d'une région de translocations sous télomériques chez l'homme." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES065.
Повний текст джерелаBao, Xuanwen [Verfasser], Michael J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Atkinson, Harry [Gutachter] Scherthan, and Karima [Gutachter] Djabali. "Effects of cellular aging in human and murine MSCs on their DNA double-strand break repair and telomere stability / Xuanwen Bao ; Gutachter: Harry Scherthan, Karima Djabali ; Betreuer: Michael J. Atkinson." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122031935X/34.
Повний текст джерелаKonstantinidis, Michalis. "Preimplantation genetic diagnosis : new methods for the detection of genetic abnormalities in human preimplantation embryos." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:28611f65-7729-4293-9c3f-4fc3f0cc39d7.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Guen Tangui. "Caractérisation phénotypique et moléculaire de déficiences humaines liées à des dysfonctions des télomères et / ou de la réparation de l’ADN." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05T092/document.
Повний текст джерелаMaintaining genome integrity is essential for cell survival and propagation of the genetic information. Improper management of DNA damages and / or aberrations in maintenance of telomere - the ends of linear chromosomes - causes humans disorders associated with genetic instability. Thus, in humans, telomere dysfunction causes Dyskeratosis Congenita (DC), and its rare and severe form, Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson Syndrome (HHS). DC and HHS are mainly characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, developmental defects and predisposition to cancer. In addition, many syndromes involving immunodeficiency and developmental abnormalities are caused by defects in DNA repair (e.g. severe immune deficiencies, Fanconi Anemia (FA), Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT),…). In this work, we performed a phenotypic and genetic study of patients with two syndromes presenting distinct clinical features. This work permitted : 1) on one hand, to identify RTEL1 mutations in patients with HHS and describe a new molecular cause of this disease. The analysis of patients’ cells revealed the crucial role for RTEL1 in genome stability and telomere maintenance in human cells. 2) on the other hand, to identify mutations in MYSM1, a histone deubiquitinase, in a new immuno-hematological syndrome associated with defects in DNA repair and sharing some similarities with Fanconi anemia. This study demonstrates for the first time that, in addition to its role in transcriptional regulation, MYSM1 is required to cope with DNA damages
Chebel, Amel. "Influence de la stimulation et de la sénescence réplicative des lymphocytes T sur le métabolisme des télomères." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10008.
Повний текст джерелаLymphocytes are an example of somatic cells capable to induce telomerase activity when stimulated. We showed that lymphocytes, during long-term culture and repeated PHA stimulations, present a progressive drop in telomerase activity interrupted at each stimulation by a transitory increase. These variations are positively correlated with hTERT and telomere length variations. γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci and their localization on telomeres increase with cell aging. We show a telomere dysfunction during in vitro lymphocyte senescence resulting from an excessive telomere shortening and a decrease in shelterin content. The mechanism involved in early variations of hTERT expression during lymphocyte activation remained to be understood. Consequences of lymphocyte treatment with different immunosuppressors, all acting directly or indirectly on NFAT activation, suggested a role for NFAT in the regulation of hTERT transcription. Five putative responsive elements for NFAT were identified in the hTERT promoter. We showed that NFAT activates in vitro the hTERT promoter mainly via a consensus site localized in the promoter core at position -40 and a functional synergy between NFAT and SP1. Furthermore, NFAT1 binds directly to the endogenous hTERT promoter via this consensus site in vivo. Thus, NFAT positively regulates the hTERT transcription and we propose its implication in telomerase activation during lymphocyte stimulation
Szap, Matthew C. "Identification and characterization of a human single-stranded telomeric DNA binding protein /." Diss., 1997. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9814991.
Повний текст джерелаChu, Jen-Fei, and 朱任飛. "G-Quadruplex Structures of Human Telomeric DNA Sequences: Ensemble and Single Molecule Studies." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58708977636518496108.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣師範大學
化學系
99
Telomeres, the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, are essential for the stability of chromosomes. In the presence of monovalent cations such as Na+ or K+, the G-rich single stranded DNA of telomere can form a secondary structure through Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds, termed G-quadruplex (G4). We have applied two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime microscope (2PE-FLIM) to successfully verify and map the localizations of G4 structures in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma metaphase chromosomes. In addition, the G-rich sequences can adopt various G4 structures and possibly interconvert among these structures upon changing solvent and temperature conditions. For example, a fast spectral conversion occurs under Na/K cation exchange. We have developed a number of methods to elucidate the mechanisms of this spectral conversion. Ensemble-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and single molecule tethered particle motion (TPM) studies suggested that the fast spectral conversion is unlikely due to F1UFF2 via a totally unfolded intermediate induced by potassium cations. In addition, temperature-dependent circular dichroism (CD) studies suggested that the energy barrier from F1 to F2 is almost negligible. Thus, we consider that the fast spectral conversion during Na/K cation exchange is due to F1F2 via rapid base shift and loop rearrangement. On the other hand, the structural conversion from the antiparallel G4 structure in Na+ solution to the parallel G4 structure in K+ solution was observed in the presence of dehydrated reagents. Using thermodynamic and kinetic studies, a free energy diagram can be tentatively established for the structural conversion of HT22 from antiparallel form in Na+ solution to the parallel in K+ solution at 25℃ under 40 % (w/v) PEG 200 condition. It is known that the Cu2+ induces the unfolding of G4 structure while addition of the EDTA2- can chelate the Cu2+ to reverse the unfolded state to the folded state. Based on this and we found that the kinetic product is likely to play a major role in physiological condition. Furthermore, G4 stabilizers are screened by a novel method based on Cu2+ -induced G4 unfolding at room temperature. Thus, 3,6,9 tri-substitution of BMVC4 core molecules are ready to prepare in further study.
Liu, Yu-Cheng, and 劉育丞. "To study the mechanism of conformational changes of the human telomeric DNA G-quadruplex." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17269119221776705976.
Повний текст джерела國立陽明大學
生物醫學資訊研究所
105
In mitosis, the chromosomes of the cell are shortened with the number of processes. The human telomere is a repeat of the “TTAGGG” sequence at the end of the chromosome and its function plays a key role during cell replication processes such as recombination and degradation. In stem cells and cancer cells, a telomere-preserving enzyme, telomerase is activated to maintain the length of telomere. When the telomere forms a specific tertiary structure, G-quadruplex, it can’t be recognized and repaired by telomerase. Therefore, G-quadruplex is a crucial target for anticancer drug development. The topology of the G-quadruplex structure depends on its anti/syn pattern, the types of connecting loops, the nature of bound cations, the number of quartets, the strand orientation, and the presence or absence of additional nucleotides at the tails of the strands. Understanding the mechanism of conformational changes of G-quadruplex is important in drug designs. Because it is difficult to generate unfavorable states using the conventional molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we herein perform targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) and umbrella sampling methods to investigate these problems. The TMD is to apply a guiding potential along a reaction coordinate to generate the initial coordinate for the umbrella sampling computations. Upon the umbrella sampling along the reaction coordinate, the potential of mean force (PMF) can be calculated. Because there are multiple pathways of conformational transitions of the G-quadruplex, a principal component analysis is used to reduce the multiple reaction coordinates to two-dimensional (2D) reaction coordinates. A 2D energy contour map is constructed. The zero-temperature string method (ZTS) is used to find the most possible pathway in the reaction coordinate. Our results show that the stability of G-quadruplex structures can be enhanced and the path of the conformation transition would be changed in the presence of cations.
Huang, Tao, and 黃韜. "Investigating G-quadruplex Stabilizing Compound Alters Unfolding Pathway of Human Telomeric DNA Using Optical Tweezers." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wp8wmh.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
化學研究所
102
We used an optical tweezers platform to study the folding and unfolding pathway of individual molecules containing single-stranded DNA human telomeric G-quadruplex (G4) sequence, (TTAGGG)4. We home-built an optical tweezers platform with force-clamp capability, which held a DNA tether at a constant force, to determine the DNA length in high spatro-temperal resolution. We included an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) to maintain the laser stability and madulate laser output intensity. By modulating the applied voltage of AOM, feedbacked from the laser power measurement, we achieved to maintain the laser power with standard deviation less than 0.01mW over 20 minutes. For G4 experiments, these G4 containing DNA molecules are found to form the G-quadruplex structure based on Hoogsteen basepairing in 150 mM Na+ solution. When forces were applied to unfold the G4-containing DNA molecules, most of the unfolding traces showed one or two transitions, suggesting the existence of one stable intermediate state. The total unfolding distance was consistent with the expected value of unfolded G4 structure. However, when the DNA molecules were pre-incubated with a G4 stabilizing ligand BMVC, 3,6-bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) carbazole, most DNA molecules showed three unfolding transitions, suggesting of two stable unfolding intermediate states. Using the force-clamp assay, we found that three extension states exist in the traces of G4 DNA. When G4 was pre-incubated with BMVC, the number of extension states also increases to four. Both force-extension and force-clamp results suggest that BMVC-bound G4 structures are able to withstand higher force than the ligand-free G4 structure, thus revealing more intermediate states.
Ghosal, Gargi. "Biochemical Characterization Of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mre11/Rad50/Xrs2 Using Telomeric DNA : A Role For The Endonucleolytic Activity Of Mre11 In Telomere Length Maintenance And Its Regulation By Rad50." Thesis, 2007. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/499.
Повний текст джерелаGhosal, Gargi. "Biochemical Characterization Of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mre11/Rad50/Xrs2 Using Telomeric DNA : A Role For The Endonucleolytic Activity Of Mre11 In Telomere Length Maintenance And Its Regulation By Rad50." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/499.
Повний текст джерелаKaulage, Mangesh Hanumant. "Structural and Functional Characterization of Quadruplex DNA Structures in Human Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 1 Gene Promoters and Stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA by Carbazole-benzimidazole Conjugates." Thesis, 2016. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4375.
Повний текст джерелаStauropoulos, Dimitrios James. "An analysis of the interplay between telomeric factors and DNA repair proteins, in the human ALT pathway and cellular response to genomic double strand breaks." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=478811&T=F.
Повний текст джерелаPapi, Francesco. "Structural investigations on the adducts formed by natural and synthetic compounds with non-canonical DNA foldings." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1114320.
Повний текст джерелаBull, Caroline Felicity. "The impact of folate on telomere length and chromosome stability in human WIL2-NS cells and lymphocytes." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/64012.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, 2010
BURLA, ROMINA. "Characterization of AKTIP, a new protein involved in human DNA replication and telomere metabolism." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1136284.
Повний текст джерелаBarrientos, KS, MF Kendellen, BD Freibaum, BN Armbruster, KT Etheridge, and CM Counter. "Distinct functions of POT1 at telomeres." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1343.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation
Basak, Sanmoyee. "NMR Structural Studies on the Harmonin-N-like Domain 2 of Human RTEL1." Thesis, 2017. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4472.
Повний текст джерела