Дисертації з теми "Human evolutional"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Human evolutional".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Oesch, Nathaniel Tillman. "The adaptive significance of human language : function, form and social evolution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:134cde61-703b-4ff4-8ba0-a921fa287775.
Повний текст джерелаWhittle, Patrick Michael. "Why egalitarians should embrace Darwinism: a critical defence of Peter Singer's a Darwinian left." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8036.
Повний текст джерелаÁsmundsdóttir, Ragnheidur Diljá. "Effect of ascertainment bias on calculations of sex-biased admixture in Southern Africa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447738.
Повний текст джерелаSefcek, Jon Adam. "A Life-History Model of Human Fitness Indicators." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194693.
Повний текст джерелаGers, Matt. "Human culture and cognition : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Philosophy /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/320.
Повний текст джерелаIngman, Max. "Mitochondria and Human Evolution." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3580.
Повний текст джерелаMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been a potent tool in studies of the evolution of modern humans, human migrations and the dynamics of human populations over time. The popularity of this cytoplasmic genome has largely been due to its clonal inheritance (in Man) allowing the tracing of a direct genetic line. In addition, a comparatively high rate of nucleotide substitution facilitates phylogenetic resolution among relatively closely related individuals of the same species.
In this thesis, a statistically supported phylogeny based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences is presented which, for the first time, unambiguously places the root of modern human mitochondrial lineages in Africa in the last 200 thousand years. This conclusion provides strong support for the “recent African origin” hypothesis. Also, the complete genome data underline the problematic nature of traditional approaches to analyses of mitochondrial phylogenies.
The dispersal of anatomically modern humans from the African continent is examined through single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and sequence data. These data imply an expansion from Africa about 57 thousand years ago and a subsequent population dispersal into Asia. The dispersal coincides with a major population division that may be the result of multiple migratory routes to East Asia.
Also investigated is the question of a common origin for the indigenous peoples of Australia and New Guinea. Previous studies have been equivocal on this question with some presenting evidence for a common genetic origin and other proposing separate histories. Our data reveals an ancient genetic link between Australian Aborigines and the peoples of the New Guinea highlands.
Medeiros, André Luís dos Santos. "Tendências na mortalidade por batida de carro em três grandes cidades do Brasil e a Síndrome do macho jovem." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3853.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral studies have found higher rates of mortality in traffic crash among men than among women and among young men than among older men. However, there is a gap concerning explanations for these differences. In this study, unlike predecessors, hypotheses were postulated a priori, on how rates of mortality due to crashes in traffic should vary, according to sex and age. We expected to find the presence and absence of certain associations and interactions, based on the modern theory of sexual selection applied to the study of human behavior, specifically, the "young male syndrome." The aim of this study is to compare trends in mortality rates from car and motorcycle crashes according to sex and age. It is an ecological study with the state as the geographical unit of analysis and the calendar year as the temporal unit of analysis. The study population was composed of 18-60 years old men and women residing in the State of Rio de Janeiro, between 2004 and 2010, and in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, between the years 2001 and 2010. The results have shown that the number of deaths from car and motorcycle crashes considering the number of qualified people to drive such vehicles was higher in men than in women and in younger than older people. In addition to the interesting congruence between the findings and hypotheses postulated, we discovered an intriguing exception: at the state of Rio de Janeiro, the mortality rate from motorcycle crash was considerably higher in women than in men. Trends in mortality rates from car and motorcycle crashes in the state of Rio de Janeiro have shown a decline in recent years. In Rio Grande do Sul, the mortality rates from motorcycle crashes have also been falling over the years, while mortality rates from car crashes have increased. These results lead to conclude that the "Young Male Syndrome" seems to be a powerful and promising theory to help postulating hypotheses about the risk of death in traffic.
El, Mouden Claire M. "The evolution of cooperation, especially in humans." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2ebc0b15-d745-48d8-bb5a-a4d83b3304ed.
Повний текст джерелаGiner, Delgado Carla. "Large-scale evolutionary analysis of polymorphic inversions in the human genome." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459114.
Повний текст джерелаChromosomal inversions are structural variants that invert a fragment of the genome without usually modifying its content, and their subtle but powerful effects in natural populations have fascinated evolutionary biologists for a long time. Discovered a century ago in fruit flies, their association with different evolutionary processes, such as local adaptation and speciation, was soon evident in several species. However, in the current era of genomics and big data, inversions frequently escape the grasp of current technologies and remain largely overlooked in humans. During the last few years, the InvFEST Project has aimed to address the missing knowledge about human inversions by validating and genotyping a large fraction of predicted polymorphisms. In particular, it has generated one of the most useful data sets on human inversions, consisting of 45 common inversions (with sizes from 83 bp to 415 kbp) genotyped at high-quality in 550 individuals of seven populations of diverse ancestry. This thesis takes advantage of the available population-scale information, combined with whole-genome sequences available from the 1000 Genomes Project, to carry out the first detailed analysis of the evolutionary properties of human polymorphic inversions. The methods used combine theoretical models, simulations and empirical comparisons with other mutation types. Besides the complete characterization of the data set, the results confirm fundamental differences between inversions created by different mechanisms. The frequency distribution of the 21 inversions originated by non-homologous mechanisms (NH) is similar to that expected for neutral variants when controlling for detection biases, which indicates that they are not subjected to strong negative selection. Recombination is completely inhibited across the whole inversion length, with no clear genetic exchange found, and possibly over a few kbp beyond the breakpoints. As a result, NH inversions strongly affect local genome variation levels, as predicted by computer simulations, with older inversions increasing total nucleotide diversity, while younger ones at very high frequency could have the opposite effect. In contrast, most inversions created by non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) (19/24) have appeared independently in different haplotypes in the sample. These high recurrence levels are reflected in several measures: they are enriched in intermediate frequencies, share multiple nucleotide polymorphisms between orientations, and have little linkage disequilibrium with neighbouring variants, which limits their detection by tag SNP strategies. Finally, in order to find inversions that are functional candidates, different signatures of selection on inversions were explored based on their frequencies, population differentiation and sequence variation patterns. Ten candidates were revealed, with three of them found to be >1.5 million years old and maintained at intermediate frequencies, possibly by balancing selection. One of these was also found in archaic hominins. Other candidates seem to have reached high frequencies in a short period of time in some populations, consistent with positive selection. Notably, over half of the candidates are located within gene regions, which suggests that they may have functional effects. Thus, this work offers an overview of inversion dynamics and their role as genomic modifiers, opening interesting avenues of investigation.
Starkman, Sofie Elisabeth. "The molecular evolution and origins of hepatitis B virus in humans and non-human primates." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30784.
Повний текст джерелаSteele, Thomas James Moncrieff. "Primate perspectives on human evolution." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238893.
Повний текст джерелаWarnefors, Anna Maria Linne´a. "Evolution of human gene expression." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6979/.
Повний текст джерелаMcGinsky, Elizabeth Ann. "Analyses of Sex Ratios among Residents of the Khumbu of Nepal Support the Trivers-Willard Hypothesis." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/120545.
Повний текст джерелаM.A.
The Trivers-Willard hypothesis predicts a sex ratio bias contingent on maternal condition in species characterized by variation in male reproductive success. A male-biased sex ratio among mothers in good condition, and a female-biased sex ratio among mothers in poor condition is expected. Studies in humans have thus far provided mixed answers to the question of whether or not sex ratio is affected by maternal condition. The present study assessed whether or not the introduction of a western cash economy influenced the observed secondary sex ratio in Nepal's Khumbu region. Because acculturated villages provided better access to the cash economy and to health facilities, residence in an acculturated village was used as a proxy for "good" maternal condition. I analyzed demographic data gathered by survey in 1971 and 1982. The sample included 734 children from the 1971 survey and 1598 children from the 1982 survey. Using Poisson regression I analyzed the extent to which the sex ratios in age-stratified groups differed between the acculturated and unacculturated villages. In the 1971 dataset, the younger women in the acculturated villages displayed a significantly higher (p=.014) proportion of male offspring. It is likely that older women were subjected to minimal acculturation effects during their child-bearing years and among these data there was a lack of significant deviation between acculturated and unacculturated post-menopausal women. The rapid overall increase in acculturation between 1971 and 1982 likely made conditions in the two sets of villages much more similar by 1982. The results of this study underscore the impact that the transition to a market economy had on women in Nepal's Khumbu region.
Temple University--Theses
Bean, Sarah. "Evolution education in Canada's museums: where is human evolution?" Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103470.
Повний текст джерелаBien que l'intérêt envers les origines de l'Homme soit un universel culturel, plusieurs points de vue et croyances divergent au sujet du commencement de l'humanité. Au Canada, un récent sondage (2010) de la firme Angus Reid a révélé que seulement 61% des Canadiens acceptent le fait que l'humain ait évolué sur une période de millions d'années, et 39% croient plutôt au créationnisme ou ne considèrent pas l'évolution comme un fait scientifique. Ces statistiques suggèrent que l'évolution de l'homme soit un sujet qui doit être abordé. Cette thèse étudiera le rôle que jouent les musées dans l'éducation de la population à propos de l'évolution de l'homme. Le nombre de musées canadiens présentant une exposition sur le sujet n'était pas encore connu avant la réalisation de cette étude. Selon les résultats de celle-ci, seuls deux des seize musées canadiens qui y ont pris part consacraient une exposition permanente à l'évolution de l'homme, et un autre musée, créationniste, proposait une version biblique des origines de l'homme. Cette thèse démontre que davantage de musées canadiens devraient envisager d'avoir pour objectif l'éducation de la population sur l'évolution humaine.
Hernando, Herráez Irene 1985. "Evolutionary insights into human DNA methylation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/392140.
Повний текст джерелаLa metilación del ADN es una modificación epigenética implicada en numerosos procesos biológicos. Sin embargo, a pesar de su relevancia funcional, se sabe muy poco sobre su historia evolutiva y los mecanismos que generan estos cambios. El objetivo de esta tesis es proporcionar una mejor compresión de la metilación del ADN en el contexto de la evolución humana reciente. Hemos identificado y descrito cientos de regiones que presentan un patrón de metilación especifico de humanos. Así mismo, hemos analizado por primera vez la relación entre los cambios en metilación y la evolución de la secuencia tanto a nivel nucleotídico como proteico. En resumen, esta investigación revela nuevos conocimientos sobre las propiedades evolutivas de la metilación del ADN y la interpretación de la variación no codificante entre especies.
Huang, Yong. "An evolutionary study of human microRNAs." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2010. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3403803.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from PDF title page (ProQuest website, viewed on July 15, 2010) Includes supplemental gene sequences, tables, data files and scripts. Includes bibliography.
Hirnstein, Marco. "Evolutionary advantages of human hemispheric asymmetries." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2147/.
Повний текст джерелаCurrie, T. E. "The evolutionary ecology of human groups." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/17272/.
Повний текст джерелаGiuliani, Cristina <1986>. "Evolutionary epigenetics of modern human populations." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6890/.
Повний текст джерелаDebove, Stéphane. "The evolutionary origins of human fairness." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05T040/document.
Повний текст джерелаHumans care about fairness and are ready to suffer financial losses for the sake of it. The existence of such costly preferences for fairness constitutes an evolutionary puzzle. Recently, some authors have argued that human fairness can be understood as a psychological adaptation evolved to solve the problem of sharing the costs and benefits of cooperation. When people can choose with whom they want to cooperate, sharing the costs and benefits in an impartial way helps to be chosen as a partner and brings direct fitness benefits. In this theory, partner choice is thus the central mechanism allowing the evolution of fairness. Here, we offer an interdisciplinary study of fairness to put this theory to the test. After a review of competing theories (Paper 1, in review), we build game-theoretical models and agent-based simulations to investigate whether partner choice can explain two key aspects of human fairness: the wrongness to take advantage of one's strength to exploit weaker people (Paper 2, Evolution), and the appeal of distributions where the reward is proportional to the contribution (Paper 3, in review). We show that partner choice succeeds at explaining these two characteristics. We also go towards more realistic and mechanism-oriented simulations by trying to evolve fair robots controlled by simple neural networks. We then test the theory empirically, and show that partner choice creates fairness in a behavioral experiment (Paper 4, Proceedings of the Royal Society B). We develop a collaborative video game to assess the cross-cultural variation of fairness in distributive situations, and present results coming from a Western sample (Paper 5, in preparation). We review the experiments looking for fairness in non-human animals, and discuss why fairness would have been more prone to evolve in humans than in any other species, despite partner choice being an evolutionary mechanism far from restricted to the human species. Finally, we discuss three common misunderstandings about the partner choice theory and identify interesting directions for future research
Opie, Christopher Francis. "The evolution of social systems in human and non-human primates." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:572277ae-73cc-42f5-bffb-f49502379688.
Повний текст джерелаLangford, Cordelia F. "Karyopyte evolution : evolutionary chromosome rearrangements in material homologous to human chromosome 22q studied in the dog and gibbon." Thesis, Open University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402334.
Повний текст джерелаJames, Hannah Victoria Arnison. "Becoming human : the emergence of modern human behaviour within South Asia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609772.
Повний текст джерелаReversi, Luiz Felipe [UNESP]. "Síntese estendida: uma investigação histórico-filosófica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132673.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Atualmente diversas questões emergentes vêm questionando a validade e abrangência da atual moldura conceitual da biologia evolutiva, conhecida como Síntese Moderna, e expansãoes desta mesma moldura tem sido debatidas, levando a um novo quadro conceitual denominado Síntese Estendida, uma vez que prentende expandir ao invés de refutar a Síntese Moderna. Estas discussões também têm levantado questões acerca da epistemologia e da natureza histórica da biologia evolutiva, neste sentido buscamos um referencial teórico que pudesse interpretar epistemologicamente o desenvolvimento das idéias e teorias evolutivas e transformistas na história da biologia assim como explicitar o atual processo de expansão da teoria sintética da evolução. Desta forma realizamos uma análise filosóficada históra da biologia evolutiva por meio de um referencial bachelardiano e observamos um progressivo racionalismo na mesma, sendo condizente com o modelo de perfil epistemológico proposto por Bachelard. Após esta análise buscamos investigar como ela poderia contribuir para o ensino de evolução, uma vez que a evolução biológica desempenha um papel central tanto para a biologia quanto para seu ensino, articulando suas diferentes áreas e conferindo-lhes sentido. Tambéma a teoria dos perfis epistemológicos de Bachelard possui a capacidade sui generis de relacionar intimamente o desenvolvimento histórico-filosófico de um conceito com o desenvolvimento psicológico do mesmo conceito em seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Identificamos que o ensino de evolução possui diversos problemas como - Dificuldades dos professores em lidar com as concepções religiosas dos alunos; Visões finalistas e teleológicas da evolução tanto pelos alunos quanto pelos professores; Ensino fragmentado e estanque dos conteúdos de biologia; Falta de bases teóricas por parte dos professores para trabalhar a história da ciência e para se utilizar a evolução como...
Currently several emerging issues are questioning the validity and scope of the current conceptual framework of evoluationary biology, known as Modern Synthesis, and expansions of this frame are being discussed, leading to a new conceptual framework called Extended Synthesis, since it seeks to expand rather than refute the Modern Synthesis. There discussions have also raised questions about the epistemology and the historical nature of evolutionary biology, in this sense we seek a theoretical framework that could philosophically the development of evolutionary ideas and theories in the history of biology as well as explain the current process of expandion of the Modern Synthesis. Thus, we performed a philosophical analysis of the history of the evolutionary biology through a Bachelardian referential, and we observed a progressive rationalism in this historical process, being consistent with the epistemological profile model proposed by Bachelard. After this analysis we seek to investigate how it could contribute to the teaching of evolution plays a central role both for biology and for his teaching, combining their different areas and giving them direction. Also the bachelardian theory of epistemological profiles has the unique ability to closely relate the historical and philosophical development of a concept to the psychological development of the same concept in it's teaching-learning process. We found that the teaching of evoluation has several problems such as - Teachers difficulties in dealing with religious conceptions of the students; Finalists and Teleological views of evolution brought by students and teachers as well; Fragmented teaching of biology content; Lack of theoretical bases for teachers to work with the history of science and to use evolution as an integrating axis; Strictly genecentric conception of biological evolution; Teaching of evolution restricted to Lamarck's and Darwin's ideas and opposition between them - Most...
Reversi, Luiz Felipe. "Síntese estendida : uma investigação histórico-filosófica /." Bauru, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132673.
Повний текст джерелаBanca: Ana Maria de Andrade Caldeira
Banca: Fernanda da Rocha Brando Fernandez
Resumo: Atualmente diversas questões emergentes vêm questionando a validade e abrangência da atual moldura conceitual da biologia evolutiva, conhecida como Síntese Moderna, e expansãoes desta mesma moldura tem sido debatidas, levando a um novo quadro conceitual denominado Síntese Estendida, uma vez que prentende expandir ao invés de refutar a Síntese Moderna. Estas discussões também têm levantado questões acerca da epistemologia e da natureza histórica da biologia evolutiva, neste sentido buscamos um referencial teórico que pudesse interpretar epistemologicamente o desenvolvimento das idéias e teorias evolutivas e transformistas na história da biologia assim como explicitar o atual processo de expansão da teoria sintética da evolução. Desta forma realizamos uma análise filosóficada históra da biologia evolutiva por meio de um referencial bachelardiano e observamos um progressivo racionalismo na mesma, sendo condizente com o modelo de perfil epistemológico proposto por Bachelard. Após esta análise buscamos investigar como ela poderia contribuir para o ensino de evolução, uma vez que a evolução biológica desempenha um papel central tanto para a biologia quanto para seu ensino, articulando suas diferentes áreas e conferindo-lhes sentido. Tambéma a teoria dos perfis epistemológicos de Bachelard possui a capacidade sui generis de relacionar intimamente o desenvolvimento histórico-filosófico de um conceito com o desenvolvimento psicológico do mesmo conceito em seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Identificamos que o ensino de evolução possui diversos problemas como - Dificuldades dos professores em lidar com as concepções religiosas dos alunos; Visões finalistas e teleológicas da evolução tanto pelos alunos quanto pelos professores; Ensino fragmentado e estanque dos conteúdos de biologia; Falta de bases teóricas por parte dos professores para trabalhar a história da ciência e para se utilizar a evolução como...
Abstract: Currently several emerging issues are questioning the validity and scope of the current conceptual framework of evoluationary biology, known as Modern Synthesis, and expansions of this frame are being discussed, leading to a new conceptual framework called Extended Synthesis, since it seeks to expand rather than refute the Modern Synthesis. There discussions have also raised questions about the epistemology and the historical nature of evolutionary biology, in this sense we seek a theoretical framework that could philosophically the development of evolutionary ideas and theories in the history of biology as well as explain the current process of expandion of the Modern Synthesis. Thus, we performed a philosophical analysis of the history of the evolutionary biology through a Bachelardian referential, and we observed a progressive rationalism in this historical process, being consistent with the epistemological profile model proposed by Bachelard. After this analysis we seek to investigate how it could contribute to the teaching of evolution plays a central role both for biology and for his teaching, combining their different areas and giving them direction. Also the bachelardian theory of epistemological profiles has the unique ability to closely relate the historical and philosophical development of a concept to the psychological development of the same concept in it's teaching-learning process. We found that the teaching of evoluation has several problems such as - Teachers difficulties in dealing with religious conceptions of the students; Finalists and Teleological views of evolution brought by students and teachers as well; Fragmented teaching of biology content; Lack of theoretical bases for teachers to work with the history of science and to use evolution as an integrating axis; Strictly genecentric conception of biological evolution; Teaching of evolution restricted to Lamarck's and Darwin's ideas and opposition between them - Most...
Mestre
Arias, Martorell Júlia. "The glenohumeral joint of hominoid primates: locomotor correlates, anatomical variation and evolution." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286192.
Повний текст джерелаLa Tesis Doctoral con título "the glenohumeral joint of hominoid primates: locomotor correlates, anatomical variation and evolution" trata sobre las adaptaciones anatómicas en la articulación del hombro (articulación glenohumeral) de los primates hominoideos. La acción de las fuerzas ejercidas durante la locomoción modelan la forma de la articulación, determinado el rango de movimientos que los animales pueden alcanzar. Los primates hominoideos destacan por tener articulaciones muy móviles, con la capacidad de elevar el brazo por encima del hombro para desplazarse con usando tipos de locomoción suspensora extrema como a braquiación. En esta tesis, se identificaron los caracteres morfológicos relacionados con los tipos de locomoción de los primates hominoideos actuales en el húmero proximal y la cavidad glenoides de la escápula. Estos caracteres morfológicos se usaron para identificar capacidades locomotoras en taxones hominoideos i catarrinos basales extintos del Mioceno así como homininos (ancestros de los humanos del Plio-Pleistoceno). Varios taxones de catarrinos basales del Mioceno podrían haber adquirido locomoción suspensoria sin adquirir primero un plano corporal erecto (ortogradía), y los homininos del Plio-Pleistoceno mostraron afinidades con los gropus de hominoideos actuales pero también con taxones generalizados (morfológicamente y de uso de locomoción) como la mona lanuda platirrina (primate del nuevo mundo). Así, los homininos del Plio-Plesitoceno presentaron afinidades morfológicas mezcaldas (mosaico), respaldando así la noción de que el ancestro común entre humanos y chimpanzés, así como muchos de los nodos ancestrales en el linage hominoideo, pudo presentar unas caracteristicas arborícolas bastante generalizadas, en vez de una morfología derivada como la que se encuentra en los grandes simios africanos, a su vez relacionada con el uso del tipo de locomoción knuckle-walking. Así, este tipo de locomoción puede ser resultado de evolución convergente en estos dos taxones (gorilas y chimpancés). Otro resultado destacable es la evidencia de de disociación entre caracteres ortógrados (tronco erecto) y el tipo de locomoción suspensora, ya que en esta tesis se presentan evidencias de primates no ortógrados actuales (mona lanuda) y catarrinos no hominoideos extintos que presentan adaptaciones a la suspensión sin presentar un cambio de patrón corporal de (pronógrado a ortógrado). Las consecuencias de este hallazgo respecto a la historia evolutiva del los hominoideos es que, junto con las evidencias de la tendéncia contrária (presencia de caracteres ortógrados sin adaptaciones a la suspensión) implican que la ortogradia y la suspensión pudieron haber sido adquiridas independientemente por un número de taxones hominoideos, siendo al menos resultado de convergencia evolutiva entre hilobátidos y grandes simios. A su vez, el hecho de que taxones de tamaño pequeño como los pliopitécidos o la mona lanuda puedan hacer uso de la locomoción suspensora sin exhibir a la vez caracteres ortógrados da pie a pensar que los ancestros de los hilobátidos puedieron haber sido primates de pronógrados de tamaño pequeño, no siendo el tamaño corporal pequeño de los hilóbatidos resultado de enanismo des de un ancestro común ortógrado y de tamaño grande.
Gordon, David Stuart. "Shadow of the Leviathan : the role of dominance in the evolution of costly punishment." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15664.
Повний текст джерелаKatzourakis, Aris. "The evolution of human endogenous retroviruses." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497642.
Повний текст джерелаRogers, Emma Jayne. "Haplotype evolution and human genetic diversity." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342507.
Повний текст джерелаGoidts, Violaine. "Identification of large-scale DNA copy number differences between human and non-human primate genomes and their role in mediating evolutionary rearrangements." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-56317.
Повний текст джерелаMacLean, Evan L. "Unraveling the evolution of uniquely human cognition." NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621350.
Повний текст джерелаMesoudi, Alex. "The transmission and evolution of human culture." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13955.
Повний текст джерелаVaughan, Amanda Elaine. "An evolutionary perspective of human female rape." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/1747/.
Повний текст джерелаZhao, Shijie Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Evolutionary dynamics of the human gut microbiome." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122423.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 156-168).
The composite members of the human gut microbiome encounter a myriad of selective pressures from the host environment and other microbial members in the ecosystem. Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of microbial species in the gut microbiome requires sequencing information that differentiates strains and even single cells. In this thesis, I present efforts that investigate the evolution of bacterial strains in their complex natural environments. In the first project, I discover that a commensal species, Bacteroides fragilis, undergoes within-person adaptive evolution in the absence of antibiotics. Combining culture-based whole genome sequencing with metagenomes, I uncover genes important to B. fragilis survival in the human gut microbiome and describe evolutionary dynamics within individuals and across populations. In the second project, I developed a strain-tracking method that predicts personal microbiomes. Using this method to track closely-related strains, I discover signals of adaptive evolution for Bacteroidetes strains, potentially over decades of colonization in adult twins. In the final project, this strain-tracking method is applied to advance the analysis of microbial transmission within social networks of Fiji islanders. These projects demonstrate the power of genome-resolved and strain-resolved methods in revealing insights of evolutionary dynamics of the gut microbiome. Future studies are expected to further investigate other taxonomical groups in depth and technical breakthroughs are needed to improve the throughput of evolutionary studies of complex systems like the gut microbiome.
by Shijie Zhao.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology
Hsieh, PingHsun. "Model-Based Population Genetics in Indigenous Humans: Inferences of Demographic History, Adaptive Selection, and African Archaic Admixture using Whole-Genome/Exome Sequencing Data." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612540.
Повний текст джерелаMcIntyre, Chloe Leanne. "Epidemiology, classification and evolution of human rhinoviruses." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8197.
Повний текст джерелаKratzer, James Timothy. "Reengineering a human-like uricase for the treatment of gout." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52149.
Повний текст джерелаLinardopoulou, Elena. "Structure, function and evolution of human subtelomeres /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8120.
Повний текст джерелаMathias, Neal. "Y chromosome DNA polymorphisms and human evolution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333355.
Повний текст джерелаGellatly, Corry. "The genetics of human sex ratio evolution." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/902.
Повний текст джерелаMcGrew, William Clement. "Chimpanzee material culture : implications for human evolution." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2016.
Повний текст джерелаNaxerova, Kamila. "Tracing human cancer evolution with hypermutable DNA." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11253.
Повний текст джерелаLee-Six, Henry. "Somatic evolution in human blood and colon." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/289819.
Повний текст джерелаMyhrvold, Conor L. (Conor Lachlan). "Embodied cognition in robots and human evolution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76142.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 44).
This thesis investigates the notion of embodied cognition in humans using the research of former University of Washington researcher William Calvin and robots using the research of former MIT professor Rodney Brooks. The idea is that the feedback from the physicality of humans is a precognition to our intelligence. The choice example I use for our physicality is the motion of throwing, particularly the javelin throw. For robotics, I focus on the development of 'eyes' in Brooks' robot Cog and show how it demonstrated behavior we deem to be intelligent using the feedback gleaned from 'seeing'. Altogether, I present evidence for and against the notion that we are who we are, cognitively speaking, because of the sensory feedback of our physical bodies, and what that may mean going forward in the future for our intelligence.
by Conor L. Myhrvold.
S.M.in Science Writing
Dearlove, Bethany Lorna. "Genome evolution and epidemiology of human pathogens." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:af385d35-ca1a-4f4c-ae1a-0ad954cab928.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Sen. "Inferring Evolutionary Processes of Humans." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionsbiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183517.
Повний текст джерелаXu, Ke. "Comparative genomic and epigenomic analyses of human and non-human primate evolution." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52935.
Повний текст джерелаCooksey, Christy Edmondson. "Questioning the role of evolution in understanding ourselves a critical discourse analytic study of scientific articles in Time magazine /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/COOKSEY_CHRISTY_44.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаForrest, Graham Robert. "Human endogenous retrovirus 3 : evolutionary conservation and function." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312093.
Повний текст джерелаItan, Y. "The evolutionary role of human-specific genomic events." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19207/.
Повний текст джерела