Дисертації з теми "Huguenots – France – Orientation professionnelle"
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Vuillez, Alexis. "Entre la Couronne et L’Évangile : les diplomates protestants au service du roi de France (ca. 1530 – ca. 1630)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCC041.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the early modern period, when Europe was gradually marked by the phenomenon of confessionalisation and religious bipolarisation, the Kingdom of France took on a very special character due to the presence of a large Huguenot minority. Although the Edict of Nantes legalised the existence of the Reformed and their access to public office from 1598 onwards, their influence nevertheless met with varying degrees of opposition from the Crown.However, from the 1530s until the ministry of Richelieu, the successive kings of France continued to employ agents of the Reformed faith. Among the diplomats employed by the monarchy between the start of the religious tensions and the complete re-Catholicisation of the state apparatus were more than thirty ambassadors.The aim of this thesis is to examine the relationship between the Reformed faith of these diplomats and the service of a Catholic king, and also to identify the interest that the monarch may have had in maintaining a resident ordinary ambassador or sending a Protestant ambassador extraordinary to a foreign prince. Finally, this work aims to study the impact of the diplomats’ religion on the way they negotiated and on the results obtained, as well as the way in which their religious interests may have interfered with the mission entrusted to them by the sovereign
Eckert, Henri. "Utopie et réalité de l'orientation professionnelle en Allemagne et en France." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080694.
Повний текст джерелаA study of the "social fact" : vocational guidance (VG) trough a comparison between Germany and France necessary requires to raise the question of the relationships between VG and psychotechnic, since it is true that both are inseparatable, at least for a while. In order to approach VG's own dynamism in its constitutive process, I first established a distinction between VG and psychotechnic. I then looked at how vg and psychotechnic interact and build a specific "dispositif" (as michel foucault means it). FinallyI aimed at discribing the divergent evolutions of VG in Germany and France in the post-second world war years
Lejeau, Marie-Hélène. "Sections d'éducation spécialisée : formation professionnelle ou pré-professionnelle." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H041.
Повний текст джерелаThis study reveals the influence of social, occupational and educational criteria on the vocational guidance of students leaving and SES at schoolleaving age. The people responsible for specialized education sections in a particular department (Loir-et-Cher) contributed to this research work which deals with 401 students who left school in the years 1984-85 and 1985-86
Ertul, Servet. "Pour une orientation lato sensu à partir du processus d'orientation en classe de seconde générale et technologique." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOA001.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims at studying the lato sensu orientation process with quantitative and qualitative methods, starting from the points of view of the oriented and the main actors of orientation. In present-day society, the individual is socialized from his early childhood through different levels of orientation. Our assumption is that the ways and means of socialization modify the course of individual and collective paths. Through the example of the “classes de seconde générale et technologique” of secondary education, we analyse the orientation process in which only further schooling in various subjects is conceivable. Then we analyse this process at a higher education level : in the Institutes of Technology where the prospects are either finding a job or going into further education ; among the students who drop out after one year’s education at University and finally, among those who get e degree (for 4 years afterwards). Our object is to go beyond the logic of schooling paths by associating it with the way the oriented envisage their future and the actor’s experience in the process
Guiehou, Lezao André. "L'évolution de l'orientation professionnelle en France et les objectifs et pratiques sous-jacents : analyse à partir des congrès de l'association des conseillers d'orientation de France ou ACOF." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H094.
Повний текст джерелаOuld, Ferhat Laurence. "Parcours scolaires, socialisation professionnelle, transmissions intergénérationnelles : le cas des bachelliers de la massification scolaire." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS021S.
Повний текст джерелаWhat should one think of the policy, launched in 1985, of “leading 80 percent of a generation to the baccalauréat”? One always hears people say that “the baccalauréat is worth nothing”. I wanted to know how one can arrive with a qualification believed to be worth nothing. In addition to historical data and national statistics, I have collected the educational and professional trajectories of “achievers of the baccalauréat by social engineering” (since the 1990s). This group consists of people who found themselves unable to go on to higher or further education due to an accumulation of gaps of knowledge during difficult school careers. I have taken into account both their educational and professional, subjective and objective experiences, reconstructed by interview. The “baccalauréat” is an intermediate; ambivalent qualification which, despite its devaluation, still constitutes a reasonable starting point for professional life, thanks to its value as cultural and symbolic capital. I have shown, by introducing a social comparison between middle class and immigrant working class children in order to account for intergenerational transmission of knowledge, how class differences at equivalent educational level alternate with generational resemblances. I found a “common condition of achievers of the baccalauréat” which reflects the landmark social changes (democratisation/devaluation of qualifications) and contrasts strongly with the experiences of the parent generation during the post war years until the 1970s (less education but better employment opportunities)
Poullaouec, Tristan. "La grande transformation : familles ouvrières, école et insertion professionnelle, 1960-2000." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS010S.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis analyses how working-class families have adapted their strategies of reproduction since the sixties, following the transformations undergone by school and labor market. The first part studies why most workers now aspire to see their children access executive jobs. More and more, their wish is even to see their children succeed in the profession of their choice, provided they do well in their studies. This is no less than a cultural revolution: parents now put all their hopes in school outcomes, rally in support of their children's school work, and engage in steering them towards general secondary schools. Depending on the quality of primary school apprenticeships, three different types of educational paths stand out: successful careers involving students who get through their “bac general” diploma without repeating a grade, unsuccessful careers involving students who leave school early or with no diploma, and in between, a diversity of median careers, from difficult to mediocre. The second part shows how the transition to work of those children growing up in working-class families partly depends on the quality of their school experiences. The strategies adopted by parents who use their relations for their children to access employment, on the other hand, contribute to maintain children in subordinate positions. Long study strategies are then compared to the results obtained. Whereas professional education leads more and more to subordinate positions, degrees beyond the “bac” appear as being the weapon of the weaks: not only do they remain efficient to access executive positions, but they are still the best protection to avoid being unemployed and declassified
Charbit, Albert. "La création du "guide des formations complémentaires aux études pharmaceutiques" et analyse des diplômes ouverts aux pharmaciens." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P241.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Belgacem Saâdia. "L'échec scolaire et l'échec de l'orientation professionnelle : recherche sur les causes." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA082092.
Повний текст джерелаFayolle, Alain. "Contribution à l'étude des comportements entrepreneuriaux des ingénieurs français." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO33022.
Повний текст джерелаAhmad, Abir. "Le lycée professionnel et son public : des élèves partagés entre formation professionnelle et formation scolaire." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2054/document.
Повний текст джерелаVocational schools have been created with the purpose of establishing a balance between academic education and job-specific training, in order to reinforce the workforce. Thus, this institution has experienced several changes following the economic and social developments. Vocational schools impart two kinds of education: theoretical and professional training. This combination distinguishes the vocational education from other secondary education. Between these two kinds of training, vocational school students spend their scholar experience. This experience is a set of different factors: social background, grade level, group of classmates, school specialty, etc.The present work focuses on exploring the student scholar experience. It is conducted on students of the third grade, in three schools which are different by specialty.In order to get a better understanding of this experience, we study three points: The characteristics of students attending vocational schools, the orientation towards vocational school, and the choice of a job-specific training and how students explain their choice. The third point is specifically completed by the reports of students themselves. These three points were studied on a sample composed of students and teachers of three vocational schools located in the Alpes Maritimes region. Information was gathered through a questionnaire distributed to students, and interviews with teachers
Hugrée, Cédric. "L'échappée belle : parcours scolaires et cheminements professionnels des étudiants d'origine populaire diplômés de l'Université (1970-2010)." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT3031.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis analyses the French university graduates working-class students scholarship and career paths. The first part deals with the emergence of a student issue, which is gradually focussed on integration in the work place. Preoccupied with the immediately most rentable training courses, a lot of observers don’t really know the career paths followed by the “children of school democratisation”, as Stéphane Beaud called them. The second part then puts this notion to the test of statistical datas concerning educational paths and of an ethnographic survey on twenty two graduates students of Nantes and Le Mans universities since early 2000’s. It exposes the “high” part of this generation: objectively and subjectively, their studies appear to be honourable. Based on this ethnographic survey and on different longitudinal datas concerning integration in the work place, the third part analyses then their first jobs. It shows what is at stake for this working-class students: how to convert their honourable study into reasonable social upward mobility. Finally, the double meaning of the French expression “échappée belle” sounds clear: a beautiful breakaway, but with the feeling of a narrow escape
Josefsberg, Richard. "Educateurs en internat : tentative d'élucidation d'une rencontre entre des hommes et une institution." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100015.
Повний текст джерелаVollet-Gless, Marianne. "L'egalite des chances entre hommes et femmes en education utopies et realites. Les programmes de diversification de l'orientation des jeunes filles en france." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20043.
Повний текст джерелаFor 20 years, education has been coeducationnal in france, giving equal opportunities of access to scholar and career choices. Nevertheless inequalities in distribution of the sexes subsist in secondary schools and higher education. A governemental policy aiming at the widening girls'career opportunities inforced since 1984 some educational innovations, which were drawn from european equal opportunities programs. This research, presented in 3 parts, gives a socio-historical analysis of this policy. The research is based on official texts and on experimental projects in 2 local education authorities. The first part gives an outline of the evolution, in figures over 10 years, the explicit aims of the governemental mission as well as its administrative, organizational and pedagogical means. The second part gives an analysis of the conditions of implementation in 2 local authorities in the east of france and. In particular, the resistance met by young girls and women engaged in training and careers in the field of mechanics. The third part exposes the sociological, educational and psychological aspects by which professional and scholar aspirations are devised according to gender. The socialisation process is met by new opportunities for the determination of projects for the future and projects for the self in an educational environment which welcomes equal opportunities. These projects hav drawn a lot from the knowledge of feminist experimentations as well as from diversified vocational couselling experiences. The integrative theories of orientation and gender give career and educational couselling an ather frame trough which cultural equality practices can be reconsidered
Schmitt, Bernard. "Le droit du bilan de compétences professionnelles et personnelles." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10014.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is based upon the following statement : the reckoning up of people's abilities has given birth to a lot of written work in the psychopedagogical field but has very seldom interested jurists. This document insists on the osmosis existing between the legal aspects of this reckoning up and those of adult education with the laws of labour. The law no 91. 1405 issued on december 31st 1991 has confirmed some previous experiences that have been widely used since 1986 and now covered by some legal rules arising for the most part from the ministry of labour,employment and permanent education. This work relies on two distinct parts : on the first part the stress has been put on the respect of conditions and contents connected with the checking up of people's abilities. On the second part the stress has been put on the procedure of this analysis which has given birth to a new profession : ability analysers. The procedure has stressed the importance of the respect due to all the legal aspects of the operation. This thesis insists also on the very important effort made by the public payers towards the unemployed and the very little interest shown towards the wage earners concerning their legal rights to being checked on their proficiencies
Monchatre, Sylvie. "Carrières sous influence : le rôle de l'étiquetage dans les pratiques d'anticipation en cours de vie professionnelle : le cas des techniciens et cadres en entreprise." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0028.
Повний текст джерелаWhen future becomes full of uncertainty and when career plans in firms are frozen, professionnal socialization takes direct part in the construction of anticipation practices. These depend on "labelling processes" and take place in a "reflexive control" of the labelling. The forms of anticipation which result from theses processes change with organizational context : they might stem from organizational learning of anticipation, or, on the contrairy, from inherited practices, that is to say from biographic resources, which play a growing part in the new ways of human resources administration
Martin, Jérôme. "Le mouvement d’orientation professionnelle en France. Entre l’école et le marché du travail (1900-1940). Aux origines de la profession de conseiller d’orientation." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040131.
Повний текст джерелаBetween the 1900s and the 1940s, the concept of professional orientation is built at the confluence of three fields: lay of sponsorships and associations concerned with the placement youth at the end of primary school; education officials are concerned about limited number of apprentices; early psychologists propose the use of testing for the assignment of the labour force. The 1920s were marked by the creation of many offices. Supported by social and professional environments very different, the vocational guidance movement is professionalizes gradually, partly through the creation of the National Institute of vocational guidance (INOP) and professional associations. The 1930s constitute a turning point. The rise of unemployment and the skilled labour needs require a reorganization of the device
Catherine, Jean-Marie. "Nécessité d'une approche didactique du projet professionnel à l'île de la Réunion : privation culturelle, schème, conjectures et réfutation." Paris 5, 1998. http://tel.univ.run.elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/H/1997_CATHERINE_JM.pdf.
Повний текст джерела1-Subject matter and problematics the aim is to rationalize the individual's vocational project : how is it initially set up from a cognitive point of view? Does it develop still further? Can it be radically modified? The hypothesis is : a setting up process is a skill which is organized by a schema which allows the individual to a grip with the working environment. 2-The reference framework. In this approach, reference is made to the fact that culture and cognitive functioning are closely entwined and that the socio-economical situation of reunion doesn't allow the individual to find ways of constructing a vocational project. The individual is thus "culturally deprived" in so far as he has never been given the benefit of mediated learning experiences. . The vocational project is aleatory and may be refuted. The conduct draws on the scientific paradigm of "falsificationisme" : in the same way as a scientist does, the individual states a conjecture and tests it out if it stands up to the tests, it is corroborated. Otherwise, it is simply falsified. This thought process based on conjectures and refutations is characterized by certain constants and the schema is a way of demonstrating this. It contains the cognitive resources which enable the individual to generate, finalize and adjust his activities in a real life situation. In addition, it serves two purposes : to produce effects on "reality" or to call this "reality" in to question. 3-Proposals. Theoretical aspects the function of the schema involved in the conduct of a project is to question "reality". It is made up of - operational invariants (i. E. The way, the project is set up and the theorem whose plausibility and feasability must be investigated) ; - rules of conduct which allow the individual to develop his investigation ; - inferences whose results may be either the refutation or the corroboration of the project. Proposals for action - to act upon the elements of the schema by means of specific forms of mediation - the structures and the successive steps of a didactic situation
Dumora, Bernadette. "La dynamique vocationnelle chez l'adolescent de collège : continuité et ruptures." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR21005.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is a longitudinal study of preadolescent and adolescent pupils' scholastic and vocational preferences and career options. The affective and motivational mechanisms and the cognitive processes of this evolution were studied in real time, using a clinical method of interviewes repeated each year for each subject of the sample population. A model was developped, both as pattern for the interviewes and decoding system for utterances. The vocational development is a progressive "mise en tension" between self assessment, professional representations and the self. Once identified the connections, and i mean by connections comparative reflexion, probabilistic reflexion and implicative reflexion dominated by two metadiscursive categories, "implicit theories of orientation" and metareflexion - they undergo content analysis. The vocational development is essentially affective and cognitive decentration. Vocational thought ranges from the syncretic to the operatory, from magic to probabilistic thought, from identification to objectivation. Various processes such as sublimating desire or rationalising mourning lead the subject to the project within a time perspective consistant and signposted and through the insertion in scholastic and social reality. Career orientation is considered here as a fundamental aspect of the adolescent's socialisation
Debars, Michel. "Contribution aux recherches sur "l'éducation à l'orientation" : validation de deux outils d'intervention psychopédagogique en classe de terminale." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20003.
Повний текст джерелаBayle, Alpin Marie-Laure. "La mission d'insertion des établissements scolaires en Aquitaine : étude de la politique éducative d'insertion du système éducatif. La mise en œuvre de la politique d'insertion sociale et professionnelle des jeunes dans les lycées en tant qu'organisations scolaires (1993-1997)." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21002.
Повний текст джерелаHow policy related to the integration of young people within the national education system is conceived and implemented in high schools? Our basic question relative to the integration vocation of the educational system involves facing the problems implied in the social and professional integration of young people. In a synchronic study concerning the notion of integration in the scientific and political community, concepts related to social and professional integration have been identified. In a diachronic study based on a historical approach of school missions, the role of the school in the integration process has been restored. These two studies were established that social integration rests on j. Rose's professional transition concept. Integration is considered as a socially modelised process under the influence of the state, schools and their structures. This has been confirmed by an analysis of official texts from 1985 to 1996. Another issue concerns the educational system regarding itself politically as the institutional framework for social integration. Within this framework, institutional, public service, administrative and state policy concepts as well as the school organization are analysed in order to study high schools working as the basic for the implementation of the educative policy. In our study, we have found that schools include two different but complementary reasonings, a national and a local one. Implementing an integration policy regards the field of organizational sociology. To answer the question about the social integration mission that is, whether it is a local adaptation to the state decisions or a local decision, we can say that both national and local propositions or initiatives are closely related
Le, Goff Jean-Marie. "Les processus d'entrée dans la vie active : caractéristiques individuelles et marché du travail." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010570.
Повний текст джерелаTthe taken into account of the length in the transitions in youth from school to employement allows to appreciate the relation between the initial training and the organization of the labor market. The example of young french people who leavedschool with a level "baccalaureat" in the eighties shows that the individual characteristics, particularly the prepared training before leaving school, are taking several parts on the temporal pattern of the transitions in youth, conditionally to the young manpower management. These rols differ according to the natur of the process taking in account. The initial training is playing a rol only for a short time when jobs are distinguishing according to the natur f the work contract, but for a long time when jobs are distinguishing according to the qualification. However, the rol of the individual characteristics on the transition patterns from training to employement is changing according to the labor market context. The results are basing on adjusting the analysis of transition data on the access lengths to the employement and the employements length
Labopin, Marie-Agnès. "Les déterminants de l'orientation des lycéens de seconde générale et technologique : de la phase de dialogue à l'accès à la filière scientifique." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOL015.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper aims at demonstrating underlying processes of selection and self-selection which concern the various streaming of pupils after general and technological first grade of upper secondary school. The differences of moving up into the scientific course vary, with similar academic achievement, according to social background, gender, age and option. Self-selection of pupils, according to individual backgrounds, does rule moving up into scientific course, in an important proportion. More than three quarters of social bias between children of working class and children of managers and especially the entire lower level of moving up for the girls is explained by this self-selection ; intensity of social bias and gender bias are the same. Thus, it appears to be interesting to study the genesis of self-selection of pupils at first grade of upper secondary school, during the dialogue phase. This one corresponds to the duration of the third scholar term. Transformation of provisional wish to definitive wish, examined in the analysis, is the reflect of the reactions of the educational team for the first desire of the pupil at the second term. Results obtained indicate that self-selection of modest pupils is constructed during the dialogue phase which can be considered as a trap for them, when self-selection of girls precedes the dialogue phase and appears as far back as the first choice
Bayette, Jean-Bruno. "L'affiliation d'une discipline avec les débouchés professionnels : le cas de la sociologie à l'Université de Picardie Jules Verne." Amiens, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AMIE0007.
Повний текст джерелаSaaliti, El Mostapha. "Représentation d'avenir et projets de lycéens issus de l'immigration maghrebine en france (niveau terminale)." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20117.
Повний текст джерелаLemaître, Sophie. "La question de l'information des adolescents sur les activités professionnelles : le cas des fonctions du secrétariat." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030004.
Повний текст джерелаWhat does informing adolescents about professions mean ? Using applied research presenting secretarial functions, our purpose is to define the most pertinent professional information to set up for adolescents, according to informative intentions, which underlie it. After portraying the concept of a profession, we have presented a historical overview and a definition of secretarial professions. Then, taking into account the informative intentions concerning the occupation of a secretary ; occupational representations of the teenagers regarding these activities ; existing shift between these representations and current professional information, we propose a study of the information which is cognitively relevant for the targeted public. Our research is based on A. Rufino and A. Tricot and ONISEP's studies to create an occupational auto-documentation CD-Rom's collection, Itinéraire pour un métier (translation : Route to a profession). The CD-Rom concerning secretarial occupations will be used to study the occupational representations of four classes of pupils ages between 15 and 16
Granger, Sylvie. "Les Métiers de la musique en pays manceau et fléchois du XVIIe au XIXe siecle : 1661-1850." Le Mans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LEMA0001.
Повний текст джерелаA thousand professional or semi-professional musicians who practised within the boundaries of the present sarthe department between the middle of the seventeenth century and the middle of the nineteenth have emerged from a scrutiny of the archives (fiscal or administrative rolls, parish or register-office records, notaries minutes, capitular and municipal registers, newspapers. . . ). The first part endeavours to establish the place of the musicians in society. The study of their geographical and familial origins and of their matrimonial alliances shows that they differ widely and that their ranks were open to men of varied origin: over half those "men of music" were born outside the region studied, two-thirds have non-musician fathers, and ninety per cent marry outside musical circles. As a whole they seem to have been well integrated into their society and environment, with comparatively few friends inside the musical world. The study of their material lives through afterdeath inventories shows the group of musicians is neither homogeneous nor original in relation to the rest of society. The second part describes various aspects of their professional lives. We know little of the ways in which most of them were trained (inside the family or with an outside contract, army, travelling, a period in paris. . . ), except for those who went through one of the choir schools in le mans, the working of which it has been possible to reconstruct precisely. Music in the le mans churches is the subject of a detailed study, both for the ancien regime situation and the period of reconstruction following the concordat. A final chapter deals with the lessons given by the music - and dancing - masters, whom and what they taught, what fees they charged. . . On the whole the areas surrounding le mans and la fleche prove to have been open to outside influences and willing to adopt parisian fashions speedily
Léger, Jean-François. "Les jeunes et l'armée : attentes professionnelles et représentation des métiers militaires en 2000." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H027.
Повний текст джерелаWhat really encourages a young person to become a soldier ? This question has become particularly important since 1996, when the decision was taken to fully professionalise the armies, and when the suspension of military service has obligated military institutions to process to a huge recruitment campaign in 1997. The large number of other ranks to be recruited (about 30. 000 per year) caused real disquiet : were the armies and the gendarmerie capable to fulfil every job and attract enough young people motivated by the military career ?
Larrieu, Françoise. "Systèmes intelligents en recherche d'informations : le projet AQUEDUC ; les mécanismes de consultation." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30217.
Повний текст джерелаJacques, Marie-Hélène. "Représentations d'avenir et intentions post-baccalauréat des lycéens de classes terminales : une analyse sociologique : le cas de la Corrèze." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H019.
Повний текст джерелаThe prospect representations and the intentions concerning school and professional guidance of the A-level pupils in the Corrèze region are determinated by their secondary education, by their social and cultural background, by their sex and by the school choices and the employment situation which are locally offered. The A-level section, the age and the school results imply more or less ambitious future intentions, according to the selective entry and how long the studies last. But for the same school level, the pupils belonging to lower social and cultural backgrounds and the girls have more cautious post A-level intentions. .
Eyraud, Michel. "Les carrières managériales des ingénieurs : rôle de la formation initiale, des stratégies individuelles et des pratiques de gestion des grandes entreprises industrielles françaises." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33001.
Повний текст джерелаMore than 80% of the French graduate engineers of a cohort work, at least once in a career, in commitments such as team leader and are often in charge of a project work, or business or general management. The aim of this research is to bring our answer to a few related questions: -"Why do we employ graduate engineers for managing tasks?" -"What are the component elements of processes that drive the graduate engineers to a managing position? What role do the different actors play? Are there specific career paths or schemes? How can the career be partly driven by the initial higher education? How do companies take part in the evolution of the graduate engineer's career?" This research work leans on several combined theoretical frames coming from administration sciences and sociology. The thesis methodology is based on several linked research grounds: Three French "Grandes Ecoles" and their graduates, three industrial major concerns, several databases of graduate engineers with their career paths. The thesis drives to emphasise different paths depending on the engineer's educational institution and suggest a typology i. E. A graduate engineer's segmentation. It also showed the important evolution of the managerial training and behaviour drill of the engineering students. The analysis of the administration policies and practices of several French industrial companies brought us to several conclusions: - The engineer is not recruited as a professional, but as a junior manager, with a capacity to adapt to various commitments : - The return of a kind of management via professional paths or "crafts". - The support to graduate engineers trough short or sometime long training sessions in famous institutions in close connection with their seniority in the company. - The increasing expectation of companies towards human, behavioural and managing abilities of engineers and executives, showed by the implementation of more complete evaluation tools and, theoretically more rigorous ones. Companies do not make distinctions between engineers and other executives within their career management. Finally, the thesis presents some recommendations towards the career managers and managing teams of colleges of engineering
Fournet, Michel. "La construction du projet personnel à la fin des études secondaires." Toulouse 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOU21001.
Повний текст джерелаAbhervé, Séverine. "Compositeur de musiques de films dans l'industrie cinématographique française : définition, caractérisation et enjeux d'un métier en mutationj." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010522.
Повний текст джерелаMachkova, Elena. "Intérim : risques au travail, risques de l'emploi : le cas des travailleurs intérimaires du bâtiment en France." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H044.
Повний текст джерелаThe question of health and safety of French temporary workers is still not sufficiently explored, though the particularity of this form of employment has been officially recognized since the beginning of the 1970's. Studies of working conditions, even when they take into account the employment status, do not clearly show by which mechanisms it impacts the' construction of health and safety for this category of workers. The construction sector makes a good case study for exploring the problematic of temporary workers' safety and health regulation. While analyzing the triangular relation between temporary work agency, firm using temporary workforce and temporary worker, the present study aims at a better understanding of structural relations between policies of temporary workforce management and degrees of its protection. Crossing different sociological theoretical frameworks, this analysis offers a perspective on articulations between risks related to the position of temporary workers within their employment relations and their capacity to protect their health
Orange, Sophie. "L'autre supérieur : aspirations et sens des limites des étudiants de BTS." Poitiers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011POIT5016.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to analize the different social frameworks which are the background of the studying experience in french higher technical sections (Sections de Technicien Supérieur - STS). These vocationnal trainings are the preferred or even the exclusive pathways to the higher education levels, chosen by many vocational and technical "baccalauréat" graduates, thus contributing to the growth of a demand for education in low-income families. The monitoring of a group of students from their entry in STS until their graduation highlight the effects of the institution on school and job ambitions. It appears that the high integration potentential of these training courses and eventually the consecration of the students as a local elite in rural secondary schools allow increasing aspirations of weaker students. Thus, STS play a role of social promotion. However, curricula specificities and internal diversities of pedagogical configurations lead students to moderate their professionnal expectations. Furthermore, the isolation of STS in the french higher education system, a consequence of the LMD reform, has reduced the possibilities for the students to move towards long cycles. Consequently, these training courses are not able to completely guarantee the academic vocations they gave rise to
Lefeuvre, Sonia. "Entre souci d'insertion professionnelle et désir d'épanouissement intellectuel : la trajectoire des étudiants d'AES et de LEA." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627646.
Повний текст джерелаDeschamps, Monique. "Logiques de différenciations : anciennes lycéennes d'origine algérienne." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/deschamps_m.
Повний текст джерелаWhat are, at the end of the XXth century, the social destinies of Algerien migrant workers' daughters who belonged to the first generation who completed their secondaries studies? The question is addressed from a sociological and anthropological perspective. The method used is a comparative one. This research mainly draws from some field-work based on thorough interviews with young women of Algerian, Spanish, Italian and French extraction. Most of them went to the same comprehensive school in the suburbs of Lyons. In the early 2000's they lived in the region where they had grown up in the 1960's and 1970's. The systematic analysis concerns the relations between the various modes of primary and secondary socialisations in the spheres of family, school and age groups on the one hand, and in the other hand the different behaviours when entering adult life as well as later on. At the same time, this study pinpoints the relationship between the behaviours and the various underlying meaningful representations which underpin practical choices. An exclusively maternal socialisation leads to a social identity predetermined by the female gender. When socialisation is both maternal and paternal and when girls handle responsabilities perceived as male one, they are encouraged to become self-centred and to establish competitive relationship with other people. When cultural contradictions are involves in socialisation, il tends to create an off-centred attitude and cause women to embark on an endless quest for balance, trying to solve the contradictions of their very social existence in a pragmatic way
Caillaud, Delphine. "Les parcours scolaires des élèves-ingénieures boursières : entre normes, stéréotypes de genre et stéréotypes de classe." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3005.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough one can make the general observation that parity is not reached in engineering schools. These establishments gradually opened to students with different social, school and gender-related backgrounds, particulary by includind more scholarship students. But, what about female scholarship students ? The fact that there are no more male-only bastions changes the overall representation of a society based on gender relations. However, this research shows that stereotypes remain significant in these establishments. Through a qualitative and quatitative study, we aimed at showing how female scholarship students have taken less « conventionnal » path. Thanks to twenty interviews with male and female we wanted to know the differents interactions with their social environment. Then, with the creation of a questionnaire, in order to emphasise the convergences and the divergences between them. Our goal is to understand the course of gender and social « mobility » and to highlight the issues of the « cost » of trangression associated with them
Jousserandot, François. "L'action publique d'aide à l'orientation 1981-2001 : recomposition de l'intervention sociale et action publique locale : le cas des Missions locales et de l'entrée de la Région dans les politiques d'insertion des jeunes en Rhône-Alpes." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21009.
Повний текст джерелаThe "Missions locales" serve to illustrate in an emblematic way both the ambitions and the limits of the policies concerning the integration of young people, from the Schwartz report, initiating a reflexion in 1981, to the elaboration of a collective convention for their staff in 2001. The aim of this thesis is to study how public action, whose first directions date from the beginning of last century, deals with the issue of youth employment advice. As bearers of reforms inherent to their plan, the Missions locales provide a specific and systemic prospect in which careers advice deals with integration. The self-made pattern thus influences the universalist and pragmatic aims of public action dealing with employment guidance. This aspect of social intervention goes along with the redefinition of the social state. On the arrival of the five-year plan of 1993 granting more abilities to the Regions in matters of professional education for young people, local councils will in turn interface with the complex landscape of all the devices set up to promote careers guidance. Rhône-Alpes stands out as a prominent figure, setting an example in their attempt to build up a local policy for the promotion of young people's employment prospects which includes their training for a career, their choice of a job and their integration in society. As reforms aimed at decentralization appear, the connection between Regions and Missions locales will have encouraged the inception of a new scheme helping people to find suitable work lifelong. It is reasonable to assume that the issue at stake here is how careers advice may aid our thinking about the problem of integration
El, Amouri Douja. "Les motivations à être policier aujourd'hui en France : analyse du choix professionnel des policiers originaires du Maghreb et des DOM-TOM, comparé à celui de policiers français métropolitains." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H096.
Повний текст джерелаOur research seeks to explore and analyze the reasons behind their choice of career via qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (questionnaire survey) approaches, even though this path is rarely taken by the ethnic minorities from North Africa and French overseas departments and territories. Based on the theoretical model of M. Apter, the results indicate - from the qualitative as well as form quantitative points of view - that through their professional choices the individuals, whatever their origins, prioritize motivations relating to professional appropriation, job security, and proximity of the police to the local population. The motives behind joining the police force are significantly influenced by the age, the rank and the origin of the police officers. The study shows that the police officers from French overseas departments and territories are mainly attracted by the statutory and the prestigious dimensions of the police officer while those of North African origin evoke the wish to bring the police force closer to population. The latter have to do more in order to be accepted within the institution : thus they present higher diplomas than average and stronger motivation, and they interiorize the social mission of dialogue with the population. Which is devalued by superiors
Becdelièvre, Pauline de. "La transition professionnelle des ex-permanents syndicaux : proposition d'un modèle explicatif." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020057.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract The professional transition of ex-full time unionists, defined as activists working full time for the union, is a complex issue as it affects the individual, the union and the host company. In order to understand this subject, the mobilized literature offers analytical frameworks focusing on internal problems of the union, the reasons for the initial commitment, the role of the emotional residue in the construction of identity, and the way in which an individual can value his experience. The operationalization of this research was carried out in the form of interviews with ex-full time unionists and full time activists for their professional transition by a longitudinal follow-up. Wishing to identify the specificities of the French trade unionism, American activists were questioned. A triangulation of the data has also been sought from Human Resources Directors, managers, trade unions, full time unionists who were not in professional transition and a company specialized in the support of ex-full time unionists. Our results underlines the French specificities of trade union commitment (personal and professional domains). Internal difficulties in the trade union and the behaviour of the ex-full time unionist led him to leave. This departure implies a persistent strong emotion (the emotion residue) which has a key role in the identity work and the mindset of the individual. Finally, union experience could be integrated differently in the career, depending on the individual
Brémaud, Loïc. "Comment devenir directeur général des services communaux : étude des processus de socialisation et de formation à la fonction de D.G.S. des 43 directeurs généraux des services communaux du département d'Ille et Vilaine." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20054.
Повний текст джерелаHow do you become head of city services without having been prepared for it ? It's the very question we will ask ourselves to understand how professional the 43 General directors of the cities of more than 3500 inhabitants in Ille et Vilaine can become. Their career trajectory will be analysed starting from their professional plans up to their present function. With the help of a comprehensive way the study highlights different access profiles according to the date of instalment in the function of HCS in the past , the fact that he or she has climbed the social ladder, this concerning agent with few diplomas related to city work. An access mode that will be maintained together with the arrival of higher graduates attracted by the development of the Rennes area. Five types of career plans will be defined: the "climbers", the "parachutists", the "precocious", the "graduates" and the "programmed", a reflection of the diversity of careers of the trade melting pot the study will cover 3 professional types of the function, the "polycompetents, the "semi-managers", the strategists". As for their training, it will focus on the influence of law as a basic subject, the weak practise of continuous training, the absence of preparatory training for the function. Those weaknesses are compensated by social self-training practices, a concept that we will develop, basing our work on Norbert Elias, principal writer of this thesis. The mentorate, the preceptorate and network work will be the main means of learning a self training centered on relationships. The results obtained will be relativistically analysed in respect with the fact that the whole IIle et Vilaine is concerned due to the fact that these characteristics are particular and replaced in the process of civilisation "a la française",producing a shape of the functions of HCS structuring the professional identities, taking into account the fact that the city faces a central national power
Villard, Adeline. "Les représentations sociales du projet professionnel des jeunes femmes.- Etude comparative entre la France et l’Algérie." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20048.
Повний текст джерелаThe women meet certain obstacles to fit into the world of the work. They wish to have their place and want to be able to negotiate modalities of their inclusion in public places, which can be culturally different, while preserving their own identity. So, the identical structuralization and the dynamics are under the influence of sociocultural, economic and family factors, themselves were organized with the intentionnalité of the actors.It is thus a question of studying what is the influence of the culture in the professional choices, and the life, the young women in France and in Algeria. We shall see that the choice of the professional project imposes to the young women the construction of identical strategies to reconcile professional life and family life, and the social representations of the culture of origin direct the decisions of the young women as for their life plan.The development of the feminine activity, as much in France as in Algeria, corresponds as much to the socioeconomic imperatives as to the evolutions of the mentalities of the various societies, as well as the aspiration and the demands of the very women. Indeed, the traditional said cultures progress more slowly than the modern said cultures where the Women's Liberation was made for already several years. But in spite of all the pitfalls which could meet on the road of these young women, they remain very motivated to change their fate and improve their living conditions. The work can so bring them a certain financial autonomy. Consequently, the women win more and more their independence in front of men
Olivier, Alice. "Étudiants singuliers, hommes pluriels : orientations et socialisations masculines dans des formations "féminines" de l’enseignement supérieur." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0015.
Повний текст джерелаFocusing on male students in so-called “female” study paths in higher education, this thesis investigates the production of atypical trajectories and gendered socialisations. It is based on a double case study of midwifery and social work training programmes in France that combines interviews, observations and statistical analyses. While the literature on atypical trajectories of women emphasises the role of dispositions, this study of dominants in a situation of numerical minority shows the importance of contexts. Many “atypical” men are not the most disposed to opt for a “female” study path: it is above all institutional, relational, and economic logics that encourage this choice, even though individual action patterns – particularly in terms of class and gender – also play a decisive role. An analysis articulating these variables reveals four logics at the root of these atypical choices: flexibility, openness, pragmatism, and strategy. Once in training, the few men who do choose this path are subject to singularisation processes, but are also required to respect a strong norm of gender equality. Depending on the situation, they are expected to alternate between different gendered practices, i.e. to juggle with the “feminine” and the “masculine”. Mastering this gender flexibility has many benefits, but not all men know how to or can take advantage of them. This thesis thus highlights the workings of the gender order: it sheds light on the hierarchy between the sexes, but also on the hierarchy that organises men among themselves in a context of valuing diversity and equality
Vandenberghe, Michel. "Les médecins inspecteurs de santé publique : une conversion identitaire et une transformation de l'action publique dans le champ de la santé." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50377-2001-3-4.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAllam, Amel, and Amel Allam. "Repenser l'éducation en Algérie : de la répartition équitable à l'usage effectif des ressources et l'atteinte des résultats convoités : étude des facteurs de conversion (personnel, social et environnemental) des redoublants au BAC lors de la phase de transition vers les études supérieures : Cas de la ville de Constantine." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37845.
Повний текст джерелаCe mémoire traite du dispositif d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle (DOSP)1 destiné à l’accompagnement des élèves redoublants à l’examen du baccalauréat2 (BAC) de la ville de Constantine en Algérie. De manière encore précise, la présente recherche examine les inégalités que ce dispositif peut générer auprès de cette population vulnérable en raison de son échec au baccalauréat. Cet état de vulnérabilité s’exprime sous plusieurs aspects : la scolarité des parents, la situation socio-économique de la famille ainsi que le faible niveau de la performance scolaire. Ces derniers engendrent des injustices durant la phase de transition du secondaire vers l’université (Picard, Pilote, Turcotte, Goastellec, et Olympio, 2015, p.4). Ainsi, l’approche par les capabilités (AC) d’Amartya Sen3 (1992, 1993) a été retenue dans le cadre de cette présente étude afin d’identifier les facteurs de conversion d’ordre personnel, social et environnemental apte ou inapte à soutenir l’élève redoublant lors de son passage vers l’université pour entreprendre le projet d’étude auquel il aspire le plus. Pour rencontrer notre objectif, la recherche a été subdivisée en trois sous objectifs : • Identifier les ressources offertes par le DOSP algérien aux élèves redoublants au (BAC) pour voir s’il crée ou non des espaces d’options réalistes (opportunités) susceptibles de leur donner la liberté réelle de construire le choix qu’ils valorisent vraiment en matière de choix d’orientation afin de réussir leur transition vers le supérieur. • Discerner la relation des élèves redoublants avec les conseillers en orientation scolaire et professionnelle pour déterminer dans quelle mesure leurs interactions pourraient constituer des facteurs de conversion aidant ou entravant leur passage au cycle d’études supérieur. • Distinguer les facteurs de conversion d’ordre personnel et social favorisant ou balisant la transition au cycle supérieur des redoublants au BAC. Afin d’atteindre les trois objectifs fixés, deux échantillons (Aet B) ont pris part à cette étude de type qualitatif : l’échantillon A est composé de neuf (N=4) conseillères (femmes) en OSP affiliées aux trois centres d’OSP de la ville de Constantine. L’échantillon B est constitué de neuf (N=09) élèves redoublants au BAC, dont (N=4) filles et (N=5) garçons Les résultats démontrent l’existence d’un dispositif d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle fragile notamment à l’égard des redoublants au bac qui n’offre pas aux élèves redoublants au BAC les ressources nécessaires et capabilisantes afin d’augmenter leur chance de réussir leurs transitions vers le supérieur et entreprendre un projet valorisé. Mots clefs : Dispositif d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle, transition, redoublement au baccalauréat, justice sociale, approche par les capabilités (AC) Amartya Sen, facteurs de conversions (individuel, social et environnemental).
This thesis deals with educational and professional counselling system (EPCS) dedicated to support students who failed the Baccalaureate examination (BAC) of the city of Constantine, Algeria, and the inequalities it can cause for them. This student population is identified as vulnerable because of their labelling "failure at the BAC" and as a population unequally valued in its orientation course at the time of its transition to higher education (Picard et al., 2015, p. 4). Their state of vulnerability is expressed in many ways, including those related to parents' schooling, the socio-economic situation of the family, and lack of academic performance, which then generates inequalities during the transition to university (Picardet al., 2015). The Capability Approach (CA) of Amartya Sen (1992, 1993) was subsequently selected as part of this study. Its goal is to identify conversion factors that may support the student who has to retake the BAC exam during his transition to university and his choice of a study project to which he aspires the most. In other words, it identifies personal, social and environmental factors that may or may not be capacitating during the transition phase from high school to higher education. The first specific objective of the research is to identify the resources offered by the Algerian Educational and Professional Counselling System (AEPCS) to students who fail on the Baccalaureate Exam (BAC) depending on whether or not they create realistic options (opportunities) predisposed to offer them a real freedom to build a valued choice in terms of orientation and discipline choice in order to successfully transition to higher education. The second objective is to discern the relationship between students who fail the exam with Educational and Professional counselors (EPC) support to determine the degree to which their interactions could be contributing factors to helping or obstructing their transition to higher education. Finally, the third objective attempts to distinguish the personal and social conversion factors supporting or patterning the transition to the higher cycle of students who fail at the BAC exam. To achieve these three objectives, two samples took part in this qualitative study: nine (N = 09) students who fail at the BAC, of which (N = 4) girls and (N = 5) boys, and four (N = 4) EPC women advisers affiliated to three EPC centres in the city of Constantine. The structured results suggest gaps in the relevance of the government services offered in terms of academic guidance and counselling for high school students and also simply administrative management of students' orientation files without taking into account their real aspirations and their skills related to their self-management skills. Keywords: Educational and vocational guidance system, transition, BAC level failure, social justice, capabilities approach (CA) Amartya Sen, conversion factors (individual, social and environmental).
This thesis deals with educational and professional counselling system (EPCS) dedicated to support students who failed the Baccalaureate examination (BAC) of the city of Constantine, Algeria, and the inequalities it can cause for them. This student population is identified as vulnerable because of their labelling "failure at the BAC" and as a population unequally valued in its orientation course at the time of its transition to higher education (Picard et al., 2015, p. 4). Their state of vulnerability is expressed in many ways, including those related to parents' schooling, the socio-economic situation of the family, and lack of academic performance, which then generates inequalities during the transition to university (Picardet al., 2015). The Capability Approach (CA) of Amartya Sen (1992, 1993) was subsequently selected as part of this study. Its goal is to identify conversion factors that may support the student who has to retake the BAC exam during his transition to university and his choice of a study project to which he aspires the most. In other words, it identifies personal, social and environmental factors that may or may not be capacitating during the transition phase from high school to higher education. The first specific objective of the research is to identify the resources offered by the Algerian Educational and Professional Counselling System (AEPCS) to students who fail on the Baccalaureate Exam (BAC) depending on whether or not they create realistic options (opportunities) predisposed to offer them a real freedom to build a valued choice in terms of orientation and discipline choice in order to successfully transition to higher education. The second objective is to discern the relationship between students who fail the exam with Educational and Professional counselors (EPC) support to determine the degree to which their interactions could be contributing factors to helping or obstructing their transition to higher education. Finally, the third objective attempts to distinguish the personal and social conversion factors supporting or patterning the transition to the higher cycle of students who fail at the BAC exam. To achieve these three objectives, two samples took part in this qualitative study: nine (N = 09) students who fail at the BAC, of which (N = 4) girls and (N = 5) boys, and four (N = 4) EPC women advisers affiliated to three EPC centres in the city of Constantine. The structured results suggest gaps in the relevance of the government services offered in terms of academic guidance and counselling for high school students and also simply administrative management of students' orientation files without taking into account their real aspirations and their skills related to their self-management skills. Keywords: Educational and vocational guidance system, transition, BAC level failure, social justice, capabilities approach (CA) Amartya Sen, conversion factors (individual, social and environmental).
Ferreira-Talbot, Marie-Christine. "Contribution à l’analyse du développement identitaire des éducateurs de jeunes enfants et des éducateurs spécialisés en formation." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC005.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the identity development of early childhood educators and specialised educators during their curriculum. The study identifies and analyses the factors underlying the choice of orientation in order to enlighten the construction of the vocational project of each population over their training experience. It highlights the links between social experiences (Dubar, 2015) and youth identity development (Erikson, 2014 ; Marcia, 1993 ; Arnett, 2000). Based on the model of social representations (Moscovici, 2004 ; Abric 2011 ; Moliner, 2001) and recognition (Honneth, 2000 ; Ricœur, 2004 ; Kaddouri, 2002), the theoretical scope illuminates their conduct between commitment and exploration (Marcia,1993 ; Luyckx & al, 2006 ; Meeus 2011). The mixed methodological system based on a longitudinal qualitative approach and a quantitative approach allows to better understand the development of student’s professional project and its evolutions. The results show the role of social experiences in identity development and the growing interest of early childhood educators in special education. This research opens up prospects for the design of more flexible curriculum in the field of social work (Wittorski, 2008), for the fulfillment of the professional self-project
Samson, Anne-Laure. "Les revenus des médecins généralistes - trois études microéconométriques." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351794.
Повний текст джерелаUn premier chapitre étudie l'impact de la régulation de la démographie médicale sur les carrières des médecins généralistes. Nous montrons que les inégalités intergénérationnelles sont considérables et que la régulation démographique influence fortement les honoraires des médecins. Les médecins installés dans les années 1980 subissent les impacts conjoints du baby-boom et d'un numerus clausus élevé : il perçoivent les honoraires les plus faibles. En revanche, la diminution progressive du numerus clausus a amélioré la situation financière des cohortes installées à partir du milieu des années 1990.
Un deuxième chapitre s'intéresse à un phénomène remarquable dans la population des médecins généralistes : l'existence d'une importante minorité de médecins à faibles revenus. On observe que 5 à 7% des médecins généralistes ont des revenus mensuels inférieurs à 1,5 SMIC net. Nous montrons que ces faibles revenus résultent de la plus grande préférence de ces médecins pour le loisir. Cette très faible activité n'est pas le signe d'une dégradation du statut de médecin. Elle reflète plutôt un avantage de la profession de médecin libéral : les médecins peuvent choisir de travailler peu
Un troisième chapitre évalue le positionnement des médecins généralistes en comparant leurs revenus à ceux de salariés situés dans le haut de la hiérarchie salariale : les cadres supérieurs. La comparaison de la valeur des carrières des médecins et des cadres permet de mesurer l'avantage relatif à être médecin. L'analyse montre qu'il existe un très net avantage financier à être médecin généraliste et que cet avantage s'est accru au cours du temps. L'existence d'une rente pour les médecins résulte du concours à l'entrée des études de médecine. Cette rente a évolué positivement avec les restrictions sur le numerus clausus.
Delahaye, Thierry. "Rôle du portfolio "web classeur ONISEP" dans l'élaboration du parcours professionnel de l'élève en classe de Prépa-Pro." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0672.
Повний текст джерелаCareer and academic guidance are of the greatest importance for every student. At the end of middle school, a pupil has to choose either vocational education - which leads to a vocational high school degree - or general and technological studies. Choosing general studies postpones career choice by three years.To support the weakest students in choosing a career, the school proposes the setting up of a digital portfolio. This portfolio contains the skills and experience the students acquired during their economic and job discovery option in pre-vocational eighth grade (3ème Prépa-Pro).Paradoxically, in the digital age, the diversity and the multiplicity of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) available to teachers may be an obstacle to their use for teaching purpose in class. After having analysed the implementation conditions of this job discovery option in pre-vocational eighth grade in the academy of La Réunion, we intend to test the usability of FOLIOS and ITS made available for teachers to assist the students in the development of their digital portfolio
Calmand, Julien. "La professionnalisation du doctorat : vers une segmentation de la formation doctorale et des parcours des docteurs ?" Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCH027.
Повний текст джерелаBorrowing from Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical corpus, the thesis analyzes the process of professionalization of the doctorate that took place in France from the mid-2000s. The main objectives of the movement are to improve the professional future of PhDs, to reduce job insecurity at the beginning of their careers and to promote their integration into companies. At a time when the professional integration of higher education graduates and the performance of innovation systems are major challenges for national policies, the future of PhDs is characterized by a high degree of job insecurity in public research jobs and poor integration into companies. As a result, the added value of the PhD on the labor market is constantly questioned. This work establishes that professionalization has led to a segmentation of doctoral curricula and doctoral career paths. In France, there are several doctoral training regimes since doctoral students do not have the same opportunities to access the resources of professionalization. The segmentation of courses is carried out before, during and after the thesis. Between 2004 and 2013, PhDs with already professionalized academic profiles have accessed the doctorate, highlighting a morphological transformation of the field. By considering the transition from thesis to employment as a "testing path", depending on the disciplinary affiliation, several pathways are available to doctors in both public and private research careers. For some, the post-thesis period is seen as a career pursuit, and for those doctors who are furthest from the resources of professionalization, it is more like professional integration. While the greater integration of doctors in companies and the development of certain resources in private employment encourage people to think of professionalization as a success, some doctors seem to be excluded from these processes