Статті в журналах: "HRTF modeling"

1

Jiang, Ziran, Jinqiu Sang, Chengshi Zheng, Andong Li, and Xiaodong Li. "Modeling individual head-related transfer functions from sparse measurements using a convolutional neural network." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 1 (January 2023): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016854.

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Individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are usually measured with high spatial resolution or modeled with anthropometric parameters. This study proposed an HRTF individualization method using only spatially sparse measurements using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The HRTFs were represented by two-dimensional images, in which the horizontal and vertical ordinates indicated direction and frequency, respectively. The CNN was trained by using the HRTF images measured at specific sparse directions as input and using the corresponding images with a high spatial resolution as output in a prior HRTF database. The HRTFs of a new subject can be recovered by the trained CNN with the sparsely measured HRTFs. Objective experiments showed that, when using 23 directions to recover individual HRTFs at 1250 directions, the spectral distortion (SD) is around 4.4 dB; when using 105 directions, the SD reduced to around 3.8 dB. Subjective experiments showed that the individualized HRTFs recovered from 105 directions had smaller discrimination proportion than the baseline method and were perceptually undistinguishable in many directions. This method combines the spectral and spatial characteristics of HRTF for individualization, which has potential for improving virtual reality experience.

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2

Huang, Wanqiu, Xiangyang Zeng, and lei Wang. "Personalization Method for HRTF Based on Multi-Dimensional Physiological Parameters." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 36, no. 2 (April 2018): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20183620281.

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Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF) is the most important factor to achieve Auditory Space Modeling(ASM). HRTF has many applications in the areas of room acoustic modeling, spatial hearing and multimedia. For the reason that HRTF is related to the location and frequency of sound source and the physiological structures of the listener, customization of HRTF becomes the bottle-neck problem of the research and application of ASM. This paper, based on the measured data offers the personalization method of the HRTF based on the multi-dimensional physiological parameters, and the method is verified through the spectral distortion and the subjective auditory localization experiments. The results show that database matching can obtain the personalized HRTF efficiently and in the spatial hearing experiment the personalized HRTF can reduce the front-back confusion of auditory localization and improve the accuracy.

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3

Zhao, Manlin, Zhichao Sheng, and Yong Fang. "Magnitude Modeling of Personalized HRTF Based on Ear Images and Anthropometric Measurements." Applied Sciences 12, no. 16 (August 15, 2022): 8155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12168155.

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In this paper, we propose a global personalized head-related transfer function (HRTF) method based on anthropometric measurements and ear images. The model consists of two sub-networks. The first is the VGG-Ear Model, which extracts features from the ear images. The second sub-network uses anthropometric measurements, ear features, and frequency information to predict the spherical harmonic (SH) coefficients. Finally, the personalized HRTF is obtained through inverse spherical harmonic transform (SHT) reconstruction. With only one training, the HRTF in all directions can be obtained, which greatly reduces the parameters and training cost of the model. To objectively evaluate the proposed method, we calculate the spectral distance (SD) between the predicted HRTF and the actual HRTF. The results show that the SD provided by this method is 5.31 dB, which is better than the average HRTF of 7.61 dB. In particular, the SD value is only increased by 0.09 dB compared to directly using the pinna measurements.

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4

Lee, Geon, and Hong Kim. "Personalized HRTF Modeling Based on Deep Neural Network Using Anthropometric Measurements and Images of the Ear." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 2180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112180.

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This paper proposes a personalized head-related transfer function (HRTF) estimation method based on deep neural networks by using anthropometric measurements and ear images. The proposed method consists of three sub-networks for representing personalized features and estimating the HRTF. As input features for neural networks, the anthropometric measurements regarding the head and torso are used for a feedforward deep neural network (DNN), and the ear images are used for a convolutional neural network (CNN). After that, the outputs of these two sub-networks are merged into another DNN for estimation of the personalized HRTF. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, objective and subjective evaluations are conducted. For the objective evaluation, the root mean square error (RMSE) and the log spectral distance (LSD) between the reference HRTF and the estimated one are measured. Consequently, the proposed method provides the RMSE of −18.40 dB and LSD of 4.47 dB, which are lower by 0.02 dB and higher by 0.85 dB than the DNN-based method using anthropometric data without pinna measurements, respectively. Next, a sound localization test is performed for the subjective evaluation. As a result, it is shown that the proposed method can localize sound sources with higher accuracy of around 11% and 6% than the average HRTF method and DNN-based method, respectively. In addition, the reductions of the front/back confusion rate by 12.5% and 2.5% are achieved by the proposed method, compared to the average HRTF method and DNN-based method, respectively.

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5

Guldenschuh, Markus, Alois Sontacchi, Franz Zotter, and Robert Höldrich. "HRTF modeling in due consideration variable torso reflections." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (May 2008): 3080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2932888.

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6

Bai, Mingsian R., and Teng-Chieh Tsao. "Numerical Modeling of Head-Related Transfer Functions Using the Boundary Source Representation." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 128, no. 5 (April 4, 2006): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2203337.

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A technique based on the virtual source representation is presented for modeling head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). This method is motivated by the theory of simple layer potential and the principle of wave superposition. Using the virtual source representation, the HRTFs for a human head with pinnae are calculated with a minimal amount of computation. In the process, a special regularization scheme is required to calculate the equivalent strengths of virtual sources. To justify the proposed method, tests were carried out to compare the virtual source method with the boundary element method (BEM) and a direct HRTF measurement. The HRTFs obtained using the virtual source method agrees reasonably well in terms of frequency response, directional response, and impulse response with the other methods. From the numerical perspectives, the virtual source method obviates the singularity problem as commonly encountered in the BEM, and is less computationally demanding than the BEM in terms of computational time and memory storage. Subjective experiments are also conducted using the calculated and the measured HRTFs. The results reveal that the spatial characteristics of sound localization are satisfactorily reproduced as a human listener would naturally perceive by using the virtual source HRTFs.

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7

Dat, Tran H., Itakura Fumitada, and Igor L. Oboznenko. "Modeling HRTF of a thin elastic layered spherical model of head." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 114, no. 4 (October 2003): 2388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4777842.

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8

Zhang, Mengqiu, Rodney A. Kennedy, and Thushara D. Abhayapala. "Empirical Determination of Frequency Representation in Spherical Harmonics-Based HRTF Functional Modeling." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 23, no. 2 (February 2015): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2014.2381881.

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9

Ramos, Oscar Alberto, and Fabián Carlos Tommasini. "Magnitude Modelling of HRTF Using Principal Component Analysis Applied to Complex Values." Archives of Acoustics 39, no. 4 (March 1, 2015): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2014-0051.

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Abstract Principal components analysis (PCA) is frequently used for modelling the magnitude of the head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). Assuming that the HRTFs are minimum phase systems, the phase is obtained from the Hilbert transform of the log-magnitude. In recent years, the PCA applied to HRTFs is also used to model individual HRTFs relating the PCA weights with anthropometric measurements of the head, torso and pinnae. The HRTF log-magnitude is the most used format of input data to the PCA, but it has been shown that if the input data is HRTF linear magnitude, the cumulative variance converges faster, and the mean square error (MSE) is smaller. This study demonstrates that PCA applied directly on HRTF complex values is even better than the two formats mentioned above, that is, the MSE is the smallest and the cumulative variance converges faster after the 8th principal component. Different objective experiments around all the median plane put in evidence the differences which, although small, seem to be perceptually detectable. To elucidate this point, psychoacoustic discrimination tests are done between measured and reconstructed HRTFs from the three types of input data mentioned, in the median plane between -45°. and +9°.

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10

Terai, Kenichi, and Isao Kakuhari. "HRTF calculation with less influence from 3-D modeling error: Making a physical human head model from geometric 3-D data." Acoustical Science and Technology 24, no. 5 (2003): 333–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1250/ast.24.333.

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11

Ide, S. "Dynamic Rupture Propagation Modeling." Scientific Drilling SpecialIssue (November 1, 2007): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-specialissue-24-2007.

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12

Saffer, D. "Pore Pressure at Plate Boundaries: Insights from Modeling." Scientific Drilling SpecialIssue (November 1, 2007): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-specialissue-20-2007.

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13

Pavlečić, Mladen, Mario Novak, Antonija Trontel, Nenad Marđetko, Marina Grubišić, Blanka Didak Ljubas, Vlatka Petravić Tominac, Rozelindra Čož Rakovac, and Božidar Šantek. "Mathematical Modelling of Bioethanol Production from Raw Sugar Beet Cossettes in a Horizontal Rotating Tubular Bioreactor." Fermentation 8, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8010013.

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Alternative to the use of fossil fuels are biofuels (e.g., bioethanol, biodiesel and biogas), which are more environmentally friendly and which can be produced from different renewable resources. In this investigation, bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes (semi-solid substrate) by yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a horizontal rotating tubular bioreactor (HRTB) was studied. Obtained results show that HRTB rotation mode (constant or interval) and rotation speed have considerable impact on the efficiency of bioethanol production in the HRTB. The main goal of this research was to develop a non-structural mathematical model of bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes in the HRTB. The established mathematical model of bioethanol production in the HRTB describes substrate utilization and product formation (glycerol, ethanol and acetate) and presumes negative impact of high substrate concentration on the working microorganism (substrate inhibition) by using Andrews inhibition kinetics. All simulations of bioethanol production in the HRTB were performed by using Berkeley Madonna software, version 8.3.14 (Berkeley Madonna, Berkeley, CA, USA). The established non-structural bioprocess model describes relatively well the bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes in the HRTB.

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14

Alqahtani, Faisal, Ema Michael Abraham, Essam Aboud, and Murad Rajab. "Two-Dimensional Gravity Inversion of Basement Relief for Geothermal Energy Potentials at the Harrat Rahat Volcanic Field, Saudi Arabia, Using Particle Swarm Optimization." Energies 15, no. 8 (April 14, 2022): 2887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082887.

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We invert gravity and magnetic anomalies for basement relief at the Harrat Rahat Volcanic Field (HRVF) for the purpose of evaluating its geothermal energy prospects. HRVF is dominated by basaltic scoria cones and other volcanic rocks overlying the Proterozoic basement. The area considered for this study is located within the northern HRVF and consists mainly of alkali basalts with lesser amounts of benmoreite, mugearite, hawaiite, and trachyte. Our approach adopts a global optimization technique using Particle Swarm Optimization with automated parameter selection, and a two-dimensional gravity-magnetic (GM) forward modeling procedure. The results of the PSO-based approach indicate a depth to the basement at 0.10–624 m, with greater depths within the central region of a solitary anomalous density body in the HRVF. The obtained basement geometry is corroborated by the depth estimates obtained from other potential field inversion methods. The regions with higher prospects are mapped for a targeted future geothermal energy exploration at the HRVF, based on our inversion results.

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15

Sottek, Roland, and Klaus Genuit. "Physical modeling of individual head‐related transfer functions (HRTFs)." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105, no. 2 (February 1999): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.425519.

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Grover, Zach S., Rachel L. Cook, Marcela Zapata, J. Byron Urrego, Timothy J. Albaugh, Ariel Zelaya, Tomasz Ozyhar, Rafael Rubilar, David R. Carter, and Otávio C. Campoe. "Eucalyptus grandis Response to Calcium Fertilization in Colombia." Forest Science 67, no. 6 (November 15, 2021): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxab042.

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Abstract Calcium (Ca) is a critical plant nutrient typically applied at the time of planting in intensive Eucalyptus plantations in South America. At two sites in Colombia, we examined (1) calcium source by comparing growth after application of 100 kg ha−1 elemental Ca as lime or as pelletized highly reactive calcium fertilizer (HRCF) compared to a no application control, and (2) Ca rate by applying 0, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha−1 elemental Ca as HRCF with the addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, and boron (NPKSB). We assessed height, diameter, and volume after 12 and 24 months. There were no growth differences from Ca source at the 100 kg ha−1 rate. We found increased volume after 24 months at the “Popayan” site with 200 and 400 kg ha−1 Ca HRCF+NPKSB treatments (112 and 113 m3 ha−1, respectively) compared to control (92 m3 ha−1), a 22% increase. In contrast, volume did not differ after 24 months at the “Darien” site, ranging from 114 m3 ha−1 in the 0 kg ha−1 Ca HRCF+NPKSB treatment to 98 m3 ha−1 in the control. Differences in response are likely due to soil characteristics, such as organic matter, emphasizing the importance of identifying site-specific nutrient deficiencies.

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17

Zhang, Mengfan, Zhongshu Ge, Tiejun Liu, Xihong Wu, and Tianshu Qu. "Modeling of Individual HRTFs Based on Spatial Principal Component Analysis." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 28 (2020): 785–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2020.2967539.

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18

Gou, J., W. Zhou, and L. Wu. "IMPLICIT THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEO-MODELLING BASED ON HRBF SURFACE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W2 (October 5, 2016): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w2-63-2016.

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Three-dimensional (3D) geological models are important representations of the results of regional geological surveys. However, the process of constructing 3D geological models from two-dimensional (2D) geological elements remains difficult and time-consuming. This paper proposes a method of migrating from 2D elements to 3D models. First, the geological interfaces were constructed using the Hermite Radial Basis Function (HRBF) to interpolate the boundaries and attitude data. Then, the subsurface geological bodies were extracted from the spatial map area using the Boolean method between the HRBF surface and the fundamental body. Finally, the top surfaces of the geological bodies were constructed by coupling the geological boundaries to digital elevation models. Based on this workflow, a prototype system was developed, and typical geological structures (e.g., folds, faults, and strata) were simulated. Geological modes were constructed through this workflow based on realistic regional geological survey data. For extended applications in 3D modelling of other kinds of geo-objects, mining ore body models and urban geotechnical engineering stratum models were constructed by this method from drill-hole data. The model construction process was rapid, and the resulting models accorded with the constraints of the original data.

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19

Dijkstra, Willem, and Bob Mattheij. "Numerical modelling of the blowing phase in the production of glass containers." Electronic Journal of Boundary Elements 6, no. 1 (April 16, 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/ejbe.v6i1.917.

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The industrial manufacturing of glass containers consists of several phases, one of which is the blowing phase. This paper describes the development of a numerical simulation tool for this phase. The hot liquid glass is modelled as a viscous fluid and its flow is governed by the Stokes equations. We use the boundary element method to solve the Stokes equations and obtain the velocity profile at the glass surface. The movement of the surface obeys an ordinary differential equation. We use the Euler forward method to perform a time integration step and update the shape of the glass surface. All calculations are performed in three dimensions. This allows us to simulate the blowing of glass containers that are not rotationally symmetric. The contact between glass and mould is modelled using a partial-slip condition. A number of simulations on model glass containers illustrates the results.   Please note that this article has three supplemental video files:<ol><li><a href="../../article/downloadSuppFile/917/13" target="_blank" title="Video 1">Video 1</a></li><li><a href="../../article/downloadSuppFile/917/14" target="_blank" title="Video 2">Video 2</a></li><li><a href="../../article/downloadSuppFile/917/15" target="_blank" title="Video 3">Video 3</a> </li></ol>

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20

Skoggard, Ian, and William Kennedy. "An Interdisciplinary Approach to Agent-Based Modeling of Conflict in Eastern Africa." Practicing Anthropology 35, no. 1 (December 31, 2012): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.35.1.26866282874725k4.

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Over the past four years, a team of computational social scientists at the Center for Social Complexity at George Mason University (GMU) in collaboration with anthropologists from the Human Relations Area Files (HRAF) at Yale University have been developing a multi-scale spatial agent-based model to better understand the environmental, social, and cultural dimensions of conflicts in the Rift Valley region of eastern Africa. The overall goal of the joint GMU-HRAF project is "to build and analyze innovative and interrelated computational models of asymmetric conflict with explicit sociocultural content that can advance understanding and improve policy analysis." 1 The anthropologists' contribution is to provide the "explicit sociocultural content" for the models. In this paper, we discuss the interdisciplinary collaboration in developing the agents for two models, a prototype model called "HerderLand" concerned with pastoral movement in a savanna environment and "RiftLand," a 1,600 sq km region in eastern Africa. The paper focuses on the give and take between the anthropologists and computational social scientists in developing the agents. The challenge for the anthropologists is how to apply their knowledge, both ethnographic and theoretical, in shaping a model that ultimately will help policymakers anticipate and manage conflict in eastern Africa.

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21

Patky, Jahnavi, and Shivendra Kumar Pandey. "Does Flexibility in Human Resource Practices Increase Innovation? Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital." South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management 7, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 257–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322093720934243.

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Building on resource-based view theory, this article investigates the impact of human resource practice flexibility (HRPF) on innovation performance with (a) the mediating role of intellectual capital (IC) and (b) moderating role of the industry type (service or manufacturing) of an organisation. We empirically examined the relations using a survey dataset of managers of 257 Indian organisations. We have used the structural equation modelling method for data analysis. Findings of the moderated mediation analysis revealed that IC mediates the relationship between HRPF and innovation performance (a) partially when the organisation operates in the service industry and (b) fully when an organisation operates in the manufacturing industry. Additionally, our study explains the underlying mechanism governing the same relationship.

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22

Woolrich, Mark W., Timothy E. J. Behrens, and Stephen M. Smith. "Constrained linear basis sets for HRF modelling using Variational Bayes." NeuroImage 21, no. 4 (April 2004): 1748–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.12.024.

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23

Cui, Lijuan, Yan Zhang, Manyin Zhang, Wei Li, Xinsheng Zhao, Shengnan Li, and Yifei Wang. "Identification and modelling the HRT distribution in subsurface constructed wetland." Journal of Environmental Monitoring 14, no. 11 (2012): 3037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2em30530e.

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24

Khoshelham, K., L. Díaz Vilariño, M. Peter, Z. Kang, and D. Acharya. "THE ISPRS BENCHMARK ON INDOOR MODELLING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 12, 2017): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-367-2017.

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Automated generation of 3D indoor models from point cloud data has been a topic of intensive research in recent years. While results on various datasets have been reported in literature, a comparison of the performance of different methods has not been possible due to the lack of benchmark datasets and a common evaluation framework. The ISPRS benchmark on indoor modelling aims to address this issue by providing a public benchmark dataset and an evaluation framework for performance comparison of indoor modelling methods. In this paper, we present the benchmark dataset comprising several point clouds of indoor environments captured by different sensors. We also discuss the evaluation and comparison of indoor modelling methods based on manually created reference models and appropriate quality evaluation criteria. The benchmark dataset is available for download at: <a href="http://www2.isprs.org/commissions/comm4/wg5/benchmark-on-indoor-modelling.html"target="_blank">http://www2.isprs.org/commissions/comm4/wg5/benchmark-on-indoor-modelling.html</a>.

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25

Nogueira, R., D. Elenter, A. Brito, L. F. Melo, M. Wagner, and E. Morgenroth. "Evaluating heterotrophic growth in a nitrifying biofilm reactor using fluorescence in situ hybridization and mathematical modeling." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 7 (October 1, 2005): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0192.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the significance of heterotrophic growth in nitrifying biofilm reactors fed only with ammonium as an energy source. The diversity, abundance and spatial distribution of nitrifying bacteria were studied using a combination of molecular tools and mathematical modeling, in two biofilm reactors operated with different hydraulic retention times. The composition and distribution of nitrifying consortia in biofilms were quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and digital image analysis. Autotrophic and heterotrophic biofilm fractions determined by FISH were compared to the output from a multispecies model that incorporates soluble microbial products (SMP) production/consumption. In reactor R1 (short retention time) nearly 100% of the total bacteria could be identified as either ammonia- or nitrite-oxidizing bacteria by quantitative FISH analyses, while in reactor R2 (long retention time) the identification rate was only 73%, with the rest probably consisting of heterotrophs. Mathematical simulations were performed to evaluate the influence of the hydraulic retention time (HRT), biofilm thickness, and substrate utilization associated SMP production on the growth of heterotrophic bacteria. The model predicts that low HRTs resulted in a lower availability of SMPs leading to purely autotrophic biofilms. These model predictions are consistent with experimental observations. At HRTs that are about an order of magnitude larger than the reciprocal of the net maximum growth rate the majority of the active biomass will grow suspended in the bulk phase rather than in the biofilm.

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Kim, Sang Ho, Chanchal Sharma, Imran Khan, and Sun Chul Kang. "Breeding of zebrafish in the laboratory environment for research development." Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 12, no. 4 (November 30, 2017): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v12i4.34143.

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The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has turn out to be an excellent vertebrate organism for analyzing developmental stages, disease modeling, and screening of drug toxicities due to their minuscule, high fecundity, optical transparency and there close parallels with the genome of human beings. Although maintenance of zebrafish is relatively easy, yet it is a complex process, greatly influenced by various factors including mating behavior, day-light cycle, age, and size of fish. This visual experiment will provide an overview of zebrafish care and maintenance in the laboratory environment. Additionally, the presentation will include information essential for improving the spawning habitat by recreating breeding settings in the lab. Collectively, this experimental memorandum of zebrafish environment can serve as a mean to understand the reproducibility, efficiency of use and its welfare for future research development.Video Clip of Methodology:2 min 52 sec: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/-oqF4xvfIjg">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-oqF4xvfIjg">Alternate</a>

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27

Wang, Jinmiao, Hui Zhao, Lin Bi, and Liguan Wang. "Implicit 3D Modeling of Ore Body from Geological Boreholes Data Using Hermite Radial Basis Functions." Minerals 8, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8100443.

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Modeling ore body in 3D is the basis of digital intelligent mining. However, most existing three-dimensional mining software uses the contour approach that requires too much man–machine interaction and difficult partial updating. Moreover, accounting for uncertainty and low geometric quality picking is very difficult in the direct contour approach. Therefore, an implicit modeling approach to automatically build the three-dimensional model for ore body by means of spatial interpolation directly based on the geological borehole data with Hermite radial basis function (HRBF) algorithm as the core is proposed. Furthermore, in order to solve the problems of weak continuity of models due to the long-distance original boreholes as well as the boundary-point normal solution error, the densification of original borehole data with the virtual borehole as well as the calculation of point-cloud normal direction based on the adjacent hole-drilling method is proposed. The verification of two mine engineering projects and comparison with the explicit modeling results show that this approach could realize the automatic building of three-dimensional models for the ore body with high geometric quality, timely update and accurate results.

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28

GALKA, ANDREAS, MICHAEL SINIATCHKIN, ULRICH STEPHANI, KRISTINA GROENING, STEPHAN WOLFF, JORGE BOSCH-BAYARD, and TOHRU OZAKI. "OPTIMAL HRF AND SMOOTHING PARAMETERS FOR FMRI TIME SERIES WITHIN AN AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELING FRAMEWORK." Journal of Integrative Neuroscience 09, no. 04 (December 2010): 429–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219635210002494.

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29

Wang, Junyan, Xianglong Xu, Shuai Liu, Yuting Shao, Jingbing Zhang, Jian Wang, Qinyu Li, et al. "Modeling sulfide production in full flow concrete sewers based on the HRT variation of sewerage." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 9 (March 23, 2021): 2063–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.111.

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Abstract The corrosion and odor in concrete sewers are mainly related to the sulfide production, which is, under certain circumstances, directly proportional to the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the sewer. To reduce the corrosion and control the odor in concrete sewers, it is necessary to model the production of sulfide in the concrete sewers with different HRTs. However, previous researches were mostly carried out in simulated Perspex-made sewers, and the obtained theoretical formulas based on the Monod equation were impractical because of the complexity. An actual concrete pipe with domestic sewage was employed in this study to obtain a simple but practical model, which can be applied to quantitively describe the sulfide production according to the HRT of the sewer and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the sewage. The empirical equation obtained was , the coefficient is a logarithmic function of the HRT, and the sulfide production rate and COD have a power relationship. Based on the data of COD and HRT obtained in the realistic sewer, the production of sulfide in the sewer can be predicted for better maintaining sewers through sulfide control.

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30

Pausch, Florian, Shaima’a Doma, and Janina Fels. "Hybrid multi-harmonic model for the prediction of interaural time differences in individual behind-the-ear hearing-aid-related transfer functions." Acta Acustica 6 (2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2022020.

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Spatial sound perception in aided listeners partly relies on hearing-aid-related transfer functions (HARTFs), describing the directional acoustic paths between a sound source and the hearing-aid (HA) microphones. Compared to head-related transfer functions (HRTFs), the HARTFs of behind-the-ear HAs exhibit substantial differences in spectro-temporal characteristics and binaural cues such as interaural time differences (ITDs). Since assumptions on antipodal microphone placement on the equator of a three-concentric sphere are violated in such datasets, predicting the ITDs via Kuhn’s simple analytic harmonic model entails excessive errors. Although angular ear-canal offsets have been addressed in an extended Woodworth model, the prediction errors remain large if the frequency range does not comply with the model specifications. Tuned to the previously inaccurately modelled frequency range between 500 Hz and 1.5 kHz, we propose a hybrid multi-harmonic model to predict the ITDs in HRTFs and HARTFs for arbitrary directions in the horizontal plane with superior accuracy. The target model coefficients are derived from individual directional measurements of 30 adults, wearing two dual-microphone behind-the-ear HAs and two in-ear microphones. Model individualisation is facilitated by the availability of polynomial weights that are applied to subsets of individual anthropometric and HA features to estimate the target model coefficients. The model is published as part of the Auditory Modeling Toolbox (AMT, pausch2022) and supplemented with the individual features and directional datasets.

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31

Shi, Mingming, Yunjie Ruan, Binxin Wu, Zhangying Ye, and Songming Zhu. "Performance evaluation of Hydrodynamic Vortex Separator at different hydraulic retention times applied in Recirculating Biofloc Technology system." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 5 (2017): 1737–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12415.

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Abstract. Recirculating biofloc technology (RBFT) has been gradually acknowledged for its positive effect on the control of biofloc concentration using a hydrodynamic vortex separator (HDVS). To operate an RBFT system at maximum performance, the removal efficiency of an HDVS at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) must be fully predictable. Hence, a numerical study of the fluid flow and particle dynamics was performed to characterize the performance of an HDVS at varying HRTs. First, flow simulation was conducted to determine an economical mesh size at an HRT of 248 s. Then, with respect to the total suspended solids (TSS) in the RBFT system and the physical properties of the flocs, two-way coupling of the dense discrete phase model (DDPM) and discrete element model (DEM) methods was used to predict floc tracking in an HDVS. Additionally, the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM) were solved using the finite volume method based on the semi-implicit method pressure-linked equations (SIMPLE) pressure correction algorithm in the computational domain. Finally, pilot-scale studies were conducted to verify the simulation models. Based on the simulation results, floc management in an RBFT system is briefly discussed. Due to limited research on the numerical simulation and operating conditions of an HDVS in an RBFT system, this article describes an original investigation of the modeling approach. Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics, Dense discrete phase model, Discrete element model, Floc management, Flow field, Removal efficiency, Total suspend solids.

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32

Clark, Adam J. "Comparisons of QPFs Derived from Single- and Multicore Convection-Allowing Ensembles." Weather and Forecasting 34, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 1955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0128.1.

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Abstract This study compares ensemble precipitation forecasts from 10-member, 3-km grid-spacing, CONUS domain single- and multicore ensembles that were a part of the 2016 Community Leveraged Unified Ensemble (CLUE) that was run for the 2016 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecasting Experiment. The main results are that a 10-member ARW ensemble was significantly more skillful than a 10-member NMMB ensemble, and a 10-member MIX ensemble (5 ARW and 5 NMMB members) performed about the same as the 10-member ARW ensemble. Skill was measured by area under the relative operating characteristic curve (AUC) and fractions skill score (FSS). Rank histograms in the ARW ensemble were flatter than the NMMB ensemble indicating that the envelope of ensemble members better encompassed observations (i.e., better reliability) in the ARW. Rank histograms in the MIX ensemble were similar to the ARW ensemble. In the context of NOAA’s plans for a Unified Forecast System featuring a CAM ensemble with a single core, the results are positive and indicate that it should be possible to develop a single-core system that performs as well as or better than the current operational CAM ensemble, which is known as the High-Resolution Ensemble Forecast System (HREF). However, as new modeling applications are developed and incremental changes that move HREF toward a single-core system are made possible, more thorough testing and evaluation should be conducted.

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33

Hackam, D. G., N. M. Sultan, and M. H. Criqui. "Vascular protection in peripheral artery disease: systematic review and modelling study." Heart 95, no. 13 (March 15, 2009): 1098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2008.161554.

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34

Kherris, Sahraoui, Mohammed Makhlouf, Djallel Zebbar, and Omar Sebbane. "Contribution study of the thermodynamics properties of the ammonia-water mixtures." Thermal Science 17, no. 3 (2013): 891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci110206083k.

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The full thermodynamic study of the absorption refrigeration units requires the knowledge of the thermodynamic properties of the used mixture. The present work deals with the mathematical modeling of the thermodynamic properties of ammonia-water mixtures using various models. The presented model covers high vapor-liquid equilibrium pressures up to 110 [bar] and temperatures from 230 to 600 [K]. Furthermore, the calculation of the thermodynamic properties of the ammonia-water mixtures and their pure components was carried out. The obtained results were compared with results given in the literature. This shows a good concordance. This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/TSCI180624196E">10.2298/TSCI180624196E</a>

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35

Thomson, C., and J. Boehm. "Indoor Modelling Benchmark for 3D Geometry Extraction." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-581-2014.

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A combination of faster, cheaper and more accurate hardware, more sophisticated software, and greater industry acceptance have all laid the foundations for an increased desire for accurate 3D parametric models of buildings. Pointclouds are the data source of choice currently with static terrestrial laser scanning the predominant tool for large, dense volume measurement. The current importance of pointclouds as the primary source of real world representation is endorsed by CAD software vendor acquisitions of pointcloud engines in 2011. Both the capture and modelling of indoor environments require great effort in time by the operator (and therefore cost). Automation is seen as a way to aid this by reducing the workload of the user and some commercial packages have appeared that provide automation to some degree. In the data capture phase, advances in indoor mobile mapping systems are speeding up the process, albeit currently with a reduction in accuracy. As a result this paper presents freely accessible pointcloud datasets of two typical areas of a building each captured with two different capture methods and each with an accurate wholly manually created model. These datasets are provided as a benchmark for the research community to gauge the performance and improvements of various techniques for indoor geometry extraction. With this in mind, non-proprietary, interoperable formats are provided such as E57 for the scans and IFC for the reference model. The datasets can be found at: <a href="http://indoor-bench.github.io/indoor-bench"target="_blank">http://indoor-bench.github.io/indoor-bench</a>.

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36

Editorial, E. "Erratum." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 33, no. 2 (2018): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1802230e.

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In the article: A new approach on modelling of the B-VIII, the ultimate achivement of the second ?Uranverain? by Milan P. PESIC, published in the Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection journal, 33 (2018), 1, pp. 1-23, during the technical preparation of the article, the name of German Evonik Industries AG is wrongly spelled as Evronik Industries AG. This misspelling is entirely author''s omission and he sincerely apologies to the Evonik Industries AG and the readers of the Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection journal. Link to the corrected article <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1801001P">10.2298/NTRP1801001P</a>

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37

Biljecki, F., H. Ledoux, and J. Stoter. "GENERATION OF MULTI-LOD 3D CITY MODELS IN CITYGML WITH THE PROCEDURAL MODELLING ENGINE RANDOM3DCITY." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W1 (September 5, 2016): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w1-51-2016.

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The production and dissemination of semantic 3D city models is rapidly increasing benefiting a growing number of use cases. However, their availability in multiple LODs and in the CityGML format is still problematic in practice. This hinders applications and experiments where multi-LOD datasets are required as input, for instance, to determine the performance of different LODs in a spatial analysis. An alternative approach to obtain 3D city models is to generate them with procedural modelling, which is – as we discuss in this paper – well suited as a method to source multi-LOD datasets useful for a number of applications. However, procedural modelling has not yet been employed for this purpose. Therefore, we have developed RANDOM3DCITY, an experimental procedural modelling engine for generating synthetic datasets of buildings and other urban features. The engine is designed to produce models in CityGML and does so in multiple LODs. Besides the generation of multiple geometric LODs, we implement the realisation of multiple levels of spatiosemantic coherence, geometric reference variants, and indoor representations. As a result of their permutations, each building can be generated in 392 different CityGML representations, an unprecedented number of modelling variants of the same feature. The datasets produced by RANDOM3DCITY are suited for several applications, as we show in this paper with documented uses. The developed engine is available under an open-source licence at Github at <a href="http://github.com/tudelft3d/Random3Dcity"target="_blank">http://github.com/tudelft3d/Random3Dcity</a>.

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38

Orduña-Bustamante, Felipe, A. L. Padilla-Ortiz, and Edgar A. Torres-Gallegos. "Binaural speech intelligibility through personal and non-personal HRTF via headphones, with added artificial noise and reverberation." Speech Communication 105 (December 2018): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2018.10.009.

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39

Biljecki, F., H. Ledoux, and J. Stoter. "GENERATION OF MULTI-LOD 3D CITY MODELS IN CITYGML WITH THE PROCEDURAL MODELLING ENGINE RANDOM3DCITY." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-4/W1 (August 25, 2016): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iii-4-w1-51-2016.

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The production and dissemination of semantic 3D city models is rapidly increasing benefiting a growing number of use cases. However, their availability in multiple LODs and in the CityGML format is still problematic in practice. This hinders applications and experiments where multi-LOD datasets are required as input, for instance, to determine the performance of different LODs in a spatial analysis. An alternative approach to obtain 3D city models is to generate them with procedural modelling, which is – as we discuss in this paper – well suited as a method to source multi-LOD datasets useful for a number of applications. However, procedural modelling has not yet been employed for this purpose. Therefore, we have developed RANDOM3DCITY, an experimental procedural modelling engine for generating synthetic datasets of buildings and other urban features. The engine is designed to produce models in CityGML and does so in multiple LODs. Besides the generation of multiple geometric LODs, we implement the realisation of multiple levels of spatiosemantic coherence, geometric reference variants, and indoor representations. As a result of their permutations, each building can be generated in 392 different CityGML representations, an unprecedented number of modelling variants of the same feature. The datasets produced by RANDOM3DCITY are suited for several applications, as we show in this paper with documented uses. The developed engine is available under an open-source licence at Github at <a href=" http://github.com/tudelft3d/Random3Dcity"target="_blank">http://github.com/tudelft3d/Random3Dcity</a>.

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40

Ekwok, Stephen E., Anthony E. Akpan, Ogiji-Idaga M. Achadu, Cherish E. Thompson, Ahmed M. Eldosouky, Kamal Abdelrahman, and Peter Andráš. "Towards Understanding the Source of Brine Mineralization in Southeast Nigeria: Evidence from High-Resolution Airborne Magnetic and Gravity Data." Minerals 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020146.

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Investigation into understanding the genesis of brines in southeast Nigeria was carried out utilizing high-resolution potential field (HRPF) data. This study reveals that igneous intrusions and associated hydrothermal fluids are responsible for brine generation. The obtained result of the analytic signal revealed the locations and spatial distribution of short- and long-wavelength geologic structures associated with igneous intrusions. The low pass filtering, upward continuation, and 2D modelling procedures showed key synclinal structures which coincided well with the location of brine fields. The results showed that salt ponds are common in the neighborhood of igneous intrusions. To validate this finding, a conceptual model describing igneous-related hydrothermal circulation systems that are driven by convective cells of the hydrothermal fluid and overburden loads was generated. This model fits reasonably well into the overall stratigraphic and geologic framework of the study area.

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41

Koottatep, Thammarat, Sittikorn Kamngam, Chawalit Chaiwong, and Chongrak Polprasert. "Performance and kinetic modeling of modified attached-growth anoxic-oxic-anoxic reactor for onsite sanitation system treating septic tank effluent." Environmental Engineering Research 27, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 200617–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.617.

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This paper investigated a combined process of a modified attached-growth anoxic-oxic-anoxic reactor (AG-AOAR) as a sustainable and effective post-treatment system for septic tank effluent was developed. The AG-AOAR was operated by varying hydraulic retention times (HRTs) from 24 to 72 h. The results showed that the AG-AOAR achieved highest removal efficiencies of 84, 66 and 91% of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), respectively, under the HRT of 72 h, resulting its effluent meeting the international and national discharge quality standards for non-sewered sanitation system. The Stover-Kincannon model was applicable to describe the kinetic constants of COD, TN, and NH4-N removal in the AG-AOAR (R2 > 0.85). Accordingly, the maximum utilization rates (μmax) were determined to be 41.1, 0.15 and 0.50 g/(L-d) for COD, TN and NH4-N removals, respectively, while the saturation constants (KB) were 57.7, 0.12 and 0.51 g/(L-d), respectively. These constant values could be applied for the design of the AG-AOAR to produce treated effluent meeting desired standards.

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42

Meijles, D., B. J. Howlin, and J. M. Li. "BAS/BSCR48 Computer molecular modelling of the p22phox protein structural changes linked to c242t polymorphism." Heart 96, no. 17 (August 26, 2010): e26-e27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2010.205781.59.

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43

Lasserson, D. S., T. Buclin, and P. Glasziou. "How quickly should we titrate antihypertensive medication? Systematic review modelling blood pressure response from trial data." Heart 97, no. 21 (May 17, 2011): 1771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2010.221473.

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44

Reyes-Alvarado, Luis C., Artin Hatzikioseyian, Eldon R. Rene, Eric Houbron, Elena Rustrian, Giovanni Esposito, and Piet N. L. Lens. "Hydrodynamics and mathematical modelling in a low HRT inverse fluidized-bed reactor for biological sulphate reduction." Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 41, no. 12 (September 29, 2018): 1869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00449-018-2008-y.

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45

Fortunato, V. A., F. L. Caneppele, R. Ribeiro, and J. A. Rabi. "Development of in-house lattice-Boltzmann simulator of bioreactors for wastewater treatment: basic concepts and initial results." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 3 (November 24, 2017): 838–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.597.

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Abstract While computational modelling has increasingly supported wastewater bioreactor engineering, novel numerical techniques have been developed such as the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM). With vinasse treatment as case study, this work is a first step towards a comprehensive LBM simulator of a continuous-flow anaerobic packed-bed reactor. Extensions from typical models comprise one-dimensional (besides time) dependence, species transport via convection and diffusion, and imposition of either Dirichlet or Danckwerts condition at inlet. The LBM simulator proved to be operational when simulating the bioreactor at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Simulated profiles show that stepwise feeding concentrations are smoothed as they are transported towards the bioreactor exit while concentrations increase or decrease in response to generation or degradation kinetics. Good fitting was observed for concentrations of acetic acid (2.1 kg-COD/m3 for HRT = 24 h) and butyric acid (1.3 kg-COD/m3 for HRT = 16 h) at the exit whereas other concentrations were numerically simulated at proper order of magnitude.

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Azis, Muhammad Mufti, and Derek Creaser. "Kinetic Modeling of C3H6 Inhibition on NO Oxidation over Pt Catalyst." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 11, no. 1 (March 10, 2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.412.27-33.

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Exhaust after treatment for lean burn and diesel engine is a complex catalytic system that consists of a number of catalytic units. Pt/Al2O3 is often used as a model Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) that plays an important role to facilitate oxidation of NO to NO2. In the present study, we proposed a detailed kinetic model of NO oxidation as well as low temperature C3H6 inhibition to simulate temperature-programmed reaction (TPR) data for NO oxidation over Pt/Al2O3. A steady-state microkinetic model based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism for NO oxidation was proposed. In addition, low temperature C3H6 inhibition was proposed as a result of site blocking as well as surface nitrite consumption. The model can explain the experimental data well over the studied temperature range. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 10th November 2015; Revised: 1st February 2016; Accepted: 1st February 2016How to Cite: Azis, M.M., Creaser, D. (2016). Kinetic Modeling of C3H6 Inhibition on NO Oxidation over Pt Catalyst. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (1): 27-33. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.1.403.27-33)Permalink/DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.403.27-33">http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.403.27-33</a>

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47

Majstorovic, Nemanja, Srdjan Zivkovic, and Branislav Glisic. "Dental arch monitoring by splines fitting error during orthodontic treatment using 3D digital models." Vojnosanitetski pregled 76, no. 3 (2019): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp161212067m.

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Backrgound/Aim. Researchers in the field of dentistry have been conducting research into modelling and defining dental arches equitations. Nowadays, when 3D digital modelling is commonly utilized in dentistry, the approach to modelling, analysis and synthesis has changed. Clinical researches are related to aesthetic and functional analysis. The aim of this study was to increase repeatability and accuracy of defining and determining the coordinate system of the jaw as well as to defining mathematical criteria for monitoring and evaluating orthodontic treatment. Methods. In this study, we used the plaster models of the jaw, optical scanner with structured light, 3D digital models, computer aided design (CAD) engineering tools adjusting the coordinate system, spline fitting of 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th degrees. Results. Splines of 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th degrees were fitted from the initial state (K0) in all 10 successive controls (K1, K2, K3,?, K10). All splines were fitted through 12 points, from the right to the left side of the jaw: 6-5-4-3-2-1-1-2-3-4-5-6. Tabular and graphic presentations of the maximum and average deviation of dental arch fitting curves in successive controls were given. Conclusion. The parameters of the maximum and average errors of fitting curves converge the dental arch values that are lower than the accuracy of the used optical scanners. The average error of fitting provides a general picture of the entire dental arch at each stage of treatment. Maximum error fitting points at a specified tooth where the largest deviation. This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/VSP190515051E">10.2298/VSP190515051E</a>

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Pang, Jiwei, Shanshan Yang, Lei He, Yidi Chen, and Nanqi Ren. "Intelligent Control/Operational Strategies in WWTPs through an Integrated Q-Learning Algorithm with ASM2d-Guided Reward." Water 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050927.

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The operation of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a typical complex control problem, with nonlinear dynamics and coupling effects among the variables, which renders the implementation of real-time optimal control an enormous challenge. In this study, a Q-learning algorithm with activated sludge model No. 2d-guided (ASM2d-guided) reward setting (an integrated ASM2d-QL algorithm) is proposed, and the widely applied anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) system is chosen as the research paradigm. The integrated ASM2d-QL algorithms equipped with a self-learning mechanism are derived for optimizing the control strategies (hydraulic retention time (HRT) and internal recycling ratio (IRR)) of the AAO system. To optimize the control strategies of the AAO system under varying influent loads, Q matrixes were built for both HRTs and IRR optimization through the pair of <max reward-action> based on the integrated ASM2d-QL algorithm. 8 days of actual influent qualities of a certain municipal AAO wastewater treatment plant in June were arbitrarily chosen as the influent concentrations for model verification. Good agreement between the values of the model simulations and experimental results indicated that this proposed integrated ASM2d-QL algorithm performed properly and successfully realized intelligent modeling and stable optimal control strategies under fluctuating influent loads during wastewater treatment.

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49

Chen, Zhao-Bo, Zhi-Qiang Chen, Nan-Qi Ren, Hong-Cheng Wang, Shu-Kai Nie, and Min-Hua Cui. "Modeling of mixed liquor inorganic suspended solids and membrane flux at different ratio of SRT to HRT in a submerged membrane bioreactor." Applied Mathematical Modelling 36, no. 1 (January 2012): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2011.05.043.

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50

Galapate, Ritchelita P., Elly Agustiani, Aloysius U. Baes, Kazuaki Ito, and Mitsumasa Okada. "Effect of HRT and MLSS on THM precursor removal in the activated sludge process." Water Research 33, no. 1 (January 1999): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00152-3.

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