Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Housing frictions"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Housing frictions".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Housing frictions"
1
Sieg, Holger, and Chamna Yoon. "Waiting for affordable housing in New York City." Quantitative Economics 11, no. 1 (2020): 277–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/qe1160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We develop a new dynamic equilibrium model with heterogeneous households that captures the most important frictions that arise in housing rental markets and explains the political popularity of affordable housing policies. We estimate the model using data collected by the New York Housing Vacancy Survey in 2011. We find that there are significant adjustment costs in all markets as well as serious search frictions in the market for affordable housing. Moreover, there are large queuing frictions in the market for public housing. Having access to rent‐stabilized housing increases household welfare by up to $ 65 , 000 . Increasing the supply of affordable housing by 10 % significantly improves the welfare of all renters in the city. Progressive taxation of higher‐income households that live in public housing can also be welfare improving.
2
Anenberg, Elliot. "Information Frictions and Housing Market Dynamics." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2012, no. 48 (2012): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2012.48.
Повний текст джерела
3
Anenberg, Elliot. "INFORMATION FRICTIONS AND HOUSING MARKET DYNAMICS." International Economic Review 57, no. 4 (November 2016): 1449–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iere.12204.
Повний текст джерела
4
Koster, Hans R. A., and Jos van Ommeren. "Housing search frictions and optimal search." Economics Letters 189 (April 2020): 108980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.108980.
Повний текст джерела
5
Branch, William A., Nicolas Petrosky-Nadeau, and Guillaume Rocheteau. "Financial frictions, the housing market, and unemployment." Journal of Economic Theory 164 (July 2016): 101–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2015.07.008.
Повний текст джерела
6
Liberati, Danilo, and Michele Loberto. "Taxation and housing markets with search frictions." Journal of Housing Economics 46 (December 2019): 101632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhe.2019.05.001.
Повний текст джерела
7
Bracke, Philippe, and Silvana Tenreyro. "History Dependence in the Housing Market." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 420–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20180241.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using data on the universe of housing transactions in England and Wales over a 20-year period, we document that sale prices and selling propensities are affected by house prices prevailing in the period in which properties were previously bought. Using administrative data on mortgages, we show that cognitive frictions explain most of the history dependence in sale prices, whereas credit frictions are more relevant for selling propensities. We corroborate our analysis with data on online house listings, and we estimate the impact of history dependence on the collapse and slow recovery of housing market activity in the postcrisis period. (JEL E32, R21, R31)
8
Lisi, Gaetano, and Mauro Iacobini. "Estimating the housing price with a search-and-matching model." Journal of European Real Estate Research 8, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 196–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-09-2014-0035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – This paper aims to pose an important starting point for the application of the search-and-matching models to real estate appraisals, thus reducing the “gap” between practitioners and academicians. Due to relevant trading frictions, the search-and-matching framework has become the benchmark theoretical model of the housing market. Starting from the large related literature, this paper develops a simplified approach to modelling the frictions that focuses on the direct relationship between house price and market tightness (a common feature only for the labour market matching models). The characterization of the equilibrium through two main variables simplifies the analysis and allows using the theoretical model for empirical purposes, namely, the real estate appraisals. Design/methodology/approach – This work is both theoretical and empirical. Theoretically, a long-run equilibrium model with a positive share of vacant houses and home seekers is determined along with price and market tightness. Also, the conditions of existence and uniqueness of the steady-state equilibrium are determined. Unlike most of the search-and-matching models in the housing literature, the out-of-the steady-state dynamics are also analyzed to show the stability of the equilibrium. Empirically, to show the usefulness of the theoretical model, a numerical simulation is performed. By using two readily available housing market data – the expected time on the market and the average number of trades – it is possible to determine the key variables of the model: price, market tightness and matching opportunities for both buyers and sellers. Although the numerical simulation concerns the Italian housing market, the proposed model is generally valid, being empirically applicable to all real estate markets characterized by non-negligible trading frictions. Indeed, the proposed model can be used to compare housing markets with different features (concerning the search and matching process), as well as analyse the same housing market in different time periods (because the efficiency of the search and matching process can change). Findings – Several important results are obtained. First, the price adjustment – i.e. the difference between the actual selling price and the price obtained in an ideal situation of frictionless housing market – is remarkable. This means that the sign and the size of the price adjustment depend on the extent of trading frictions in the housing market. Precisely, the higher the trading frictions on the demand side (more buyers and less sellers), the higher the actual selling price (the price adjustment is positive), whereas the higher the trading frictions on the supply side (less buyers and more sellers), the lower the actual selling price (the price adjustment is negative). Accordingly, the real estate appraisers should assess the trading frictions in the housing market before determining the price adjustment. Second, an increase in the number of trades affects the house price only if the time on the market varies. Also, the higher the variation in the time on the market, the larger the house price adjustment. Indeed, the expected time on the market reflects the opportunities to matching for both parties and thus the trading frictions. If the time on the market increases (decreases), the seller will receive less (more) opportunities to match; thus, the actual selling price will be driven downwards (upwards). Originality/value – As far as the authors are aware, none of the existing works in the search and matching literature has considered how to take advantage of this theoretical approach to estimate the house price in the presence of trading frictions in the housing market. Indeed, the proposed theoretical model may be a useful tool for real estate appraisers, as it is able to derive the trading frictions from the time on the market and the number of trades, thus estimating properly the house price.
9
Gabrovski, Miroslav, and Victor Ortego-Marti. "Search and credit frictions in the housing market." European Economic Review 134 (May 2021): 103699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103699.
Повний текст джерела
10
Gallent, Nick, and Matthew Carmona. "Planning for housing: Unravelling the frictions in local practice." Planning Practice and Research 19, no. 2 (May 2004): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269745042000284386.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Housing frictions"
1
Marshall, Emily Corinne. "Housing and the Macroeconomy." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/economics_etds/21.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation studies the impact of several different housing market features on the macroeconomy.
Chapter 1 augments the New-Keynesian model with collateral constraints to incorporate long-term debt in order to examine the interaction between multi-period loans, leverage, and indeterminacy. Allowing firms to borrow heavily against commercial housing by increasing the loan-to-value ratio from 0.01 to 0.90 reduces the level of steady state output approximately 3.19% and decreases social welfare. In contrast, increasing the debt limit of households increases steady state output by 2.72%. Social welfare is maximized under a utilitiarian function when households can borrow at a loan-to-value ratio of about 0.49. An economy with long-term debt also makes stabilization much more difficult for monetary policymakers because determinacy is harder to attain. Instead of only having to satisfy the Taylor Principle (which implies that a more than one-to-one response to inflation), central bankers must either use a strict inflation target or aggressively respond to inflation and the output gap to ensure determinacy.
Chapter 2 examine a New-Keynesian model with housing where default occurs if housing prices are sufficiently low, resulting in a loss of access to credit and housing markets. Default decreases aggregate and patient household consumption, increases impatient household consumption, and amplifies the decline in housing prices due to a misallocation of housing. The effects on consumption often peak immediately before default occurs. Policies that prevent underwater borrowing or raise interest rates along with housing prices are generally desirable because they increase utilitarian social welfare. This paper shows that default is not simply a symptom of economic downturns, but a cause.
Chapter 3 explores the correlation between the home mortgage interest deduction (HMID) and state economic growth. The HMID was introduced to incentivize home purchases by distorting the after-tax price, resulting in an overinvestment in real estate. Previous empirical work has shown that investment in physical capital increases economic growth more so than investment in structures. Theoretically, the anticipated effect of the HMID would be lower subsequent economic growth. However, this paper finds that residential housing is actually beneficial for economic growth.
2
Ungerer, Christoph. "Essays on markets with frictions : applications to the housing, labour and financial markets." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/688/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The classical treatment of market transactions in economics presumes that buyers and sellers engage in transactions instantly and at no cost. In a series of applications in the housing market, the labour market and the market for corporate bonds, this thesis shows that relaxing this assumption has important implications for Macroeconomics and Finance. The first chapter combines theory and empirical evidence to show that search frictions in the housing market imply a housing liquidity channel of monetary policy transmission. Expansionary monetary policy attracts buyers to the housing market, raising housing liquidity. Higher housing sale rates in turn allow lenders to threaten foreclosure more effectively, because the expected carrying costs on foreclosure inventory are lower. Ex-ante, this makes banks willing to offer larger loans, stimulating aggregate demand. The second chapter uses a heterogeneous firm industry model to explore how the macroeconomic response to a temporary employer payroll tax cut depends on the hiring and firing costs faced by firms. Controversially, the presence of non-convex labour adjustment costs suggests that tax cuts create fewer jobs in recessions. When firms hoard labour during downturns, they do not respond to marginal tax cuts by hiring additional workers. The third chapter develops a theory in which trader career concerns generate an endogenous transaction friction. Traders are reluctant to sell assets below historical purchase price, since realizing a loss signals to the employer that the trader is incompetent. The chapter documents empirically several properties of corporate bond transaction data consistent with this theory of career-concerned traders.
3
Zhang, Lini. "Essays on Financial Frictions and Macroeconomic Dynamics with Heterogeneous Agents." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1403622765.
Повний текст джерела
4
Franklin, Simon. "Essays on labour market frictions in developing countries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f222bf6a-46de-4a8b-b942-fd1ff7b13670.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is about imperfections in urban labour markets of three developing countries. I study how physical living conditions place constraints on labour force participation, and increase risks associated with unemployment. In Chapter One I test for the impact of high search costs on labour market outcomes of job seekers. I use a randomized trial of transport subsidies among youth living far away from the centre of the city in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Lowering transport costs increases the intensity of job search and leads to better employment outcomes. Weekly phone call data shows that treatment works to stop job search activity from declining over time. I show that the results are consistent with a dynamic model of job search with cash constraints and monetary search costs. Income from temporary work is used to smooth consumption and pay for the costs of search. I find that subsidies reduce participation in temporary work. Chapter Two looks at the links between poor housing conditions in slums and market labour supply. I test for the effect of free government housing in South Africa on households, using four waves of panel data and a natural experiment due to the allocation of new housing according to proximity from housing projects. I then use planned but cancelled projects to control for non-random selection of housing project sites. I find that government housing leads to large increases in household incomes from wage work, and increases in the labour supply of female household members. I argue that these results are due to reduced burdens of work in the home of improved housing, especially for women. In Chapter Three we look at how labour markets respond to large but temporary economic shocks caused by typhoons in the Philippines. We use quarterly aggregate, repeated-cross sectional and panel data to demonstrate robust evidence of downward wage flexibility. Lay-offs do not occur when storms hits, but hours per worker fall. We explain these results with a model of implicit contracts under which risk is shared between workers and firms through wage cuts, but workers are insured against lay-offs so that adjustments in labour demand occur through reductions in hours per worker. Our results are particularly strong for workers in long term contractual relationships in the private sector.
5
Zwick, Eric Meinberg. "Finance Implications of the Great Recession." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11470.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Macroeconomic events in the United States during the last ten years—the housing bubble, the financial crisis and the subsequent, deep recession—brought several puzzles to the attention of economists and policymakers. Why were there such large price booms and busts in places like Las Vegas and Phoenix, where land was readily available and construction markets were very active? Why are economies so slow to recover from recessions that coincide with
financial crises? Can policymakers use fiscal stimulus to increase output and accelerate economic recovery after a recession?
6
Bonleu, Antoine. "Housing market regulation and labor market regulation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2009/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Le premier chapitre montre l'interdépendance sur le marché locatif entre le formalisme procédural (FP) et les réseaux sociaux locaux. Tandis que le FP augmente le coût de résolution des conflits juridiques entre propriétaires et locataires, les réseaux sociaux présentent l'avantage de pouvoir régler un conflit sans la justice. Le FP permet de rendre plus intéressant aux yeux du propriétaire les individus appartenant à un réseau social. Le deuxième chapitre explique l'importance du soleil sur la demande de régulation du marché locatif. Les pays d'Europe du sud très ensoleillés sont attractifs de par leur douceur de vie. Cette immigration potentielle augmente la tension sur le marché locatif. Pour la réduire, les individus d'Europe du sud développent une complémentarité entre capital social local et régulation. Cette stratégie explique un équilibre méditerranéen où le capital social local et le FP sont élevés. A contrario, l'absence d'attractivité des pays faiblement ensoleillés explique un équilibre anglo-saxon et scandinave aux caractéristiques opposées. Le troisième chapitre explique le soutien pour la régulation du marché du travail par la présence de régulations sur le marché locatif. Lorsque ce dernier est très régulé, les propriétaires sélectionnent les locataires selon leur capacité à payer le loyer. Protéger les contrats à durée indéterminée oblige les entreprises à sélectionner les travailleurs et permet alors aux propriétaires de mieux estimer le risque individuel de licenciement. Nous construisons un modèle où les individus sans emploi demandent plus de régulations et de protections en dépit de l’augmentation du chômage et de la part des contrats temporairesThe first contribution studies the complementarities between the strength of social networks and the stringency of procedural formalism. While procedural formalism increases the cost of legal dispute resolution between landlords and tenants, social networks allow conflicts to be solved without recourse to justice. Procedural formalism is thus a way to provide a market advantage to local individuals embedded in dense local social networks at the expense of nonlocal agents without access to such networks.The second contribution deals with the importance of the sun on the demand for regulation in the rental market. Southern European countries with good climate amenities are attractive by their mildness of life. This potential immigration increases the pressure on the rental market. To reduce it, individuals in Southern Europe develop complementarities between social capital and local regulations. This strategy explains a Mediterranean equilibrium characterized by high levels of local social capital and procedural formalism. Conversely, the lack of attractiveness of countries with low climate amenities leads to an Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian equilibrium with opposite features.The third contribution explains the support for labor market regulation by the presence of regulations on the rental market. When the rental market is very regulated, landlords screen applicants with regard to their ability to pay the rent. Protecting regular jobs offers a second-best technology to sort workers, thereby increasing the rental market size. We provide a model where non-employed workers demand protected jobs despite unemployment and the share of short-term jobs increase
7
Pescatori, Andrea. "Essays on monetary and fiscal policy." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7346.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis is divided into three chapters.1) I study how monetary policy should be optimally designed when households show financial wealth heterogeneity.
Main results: thanks to its ability to affect interest payments volatility, monetary policy has real effects even in a flexible-price cashless-limit environment; second, in a setup with nominal rigidities, price stability is no longer optimal. The extent of deviation from price stability depends on the initial level of debt dispersion.
2) I assess the role of housing price movements in influencing the optimal design of monetary policy.
Under the optimal simple rule, housing price movements should not be a separate target variable in addition to inflation. Furthermore, the welfare loss arising from targeting housing prices becomes quantitatively more significant the higher the degree of access to the credit market.
3) I analyze the effects of fiscal policy in a currency area.
Results: a public spending shock in one region increases private agents demand for imports and appreciates the terms of trade; second, a countercyclical fiscal rule can restore the Taylor principle, the uniqueness of the equilibrium and reduce macro-volatility.
8
Rua, Sandra Cristina Camacho Gomes. "Essays in macroeconomics with general equilibrium models." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7543.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doutoramento em EconomiaModelos de equilíbrio geral são largamente usados na academia e em instituições internacionais. Aqui, questões relacionadas com reformas estruturais, o limite inferior das taxas de juro e sua relação com opções de política são analisadas com um modelo de larga escala. Os principais resultados são: reformas estruturais unilaterais são benéficas e coordenação nacional tem vantagens; com as taxas de juro no limite inferior, políticas orçamentais e estruturais podem aliviar uma recessão e reduzir o tempo em que esse limite é activo. Mas a eficácia depende do instrumento orçamental e das características das reformas. Seguidamente, modelos estimados de media-escala são usados para avaliar a importância de choques antecipados nos EUA. Primeiro, avalia-se o papel destes choques na dinâmica do mercado habitacional e conclui-se que são importantes nas flutuações deste mercado e em particular nos ciclos de boom-bust. Expectativas de inquéritos sao usadas como validação externa do modelo. Depois, o papel de choques antecipados de politica monetária e analisado num modelo de ciclo económico. Conclui-se que melhoram a desempenho do modelo sem causar problemas de identificação; explicam uma percentagem maior das flutuações das variáveis observadas que choques não antecipados de politica monetária; e ajudam a melhor replicar covariâncias de algumas variáveis.
General equilibrium models are widely used in academia and policy institutions. Here, issues related to structural reforms, the zero lower bound and its interaction with policy options are analysed with a large-scale calibrated model of the euro area. The main find- ings are: unilateral structural reforms are beneficial and cross-country coordination has advantages; at the zero bound, fiscal and structural policies can alleviate a recession and reduce the time spent at the bound but their effectiveness depends on the fiscal instrument and the design of the reforms. Then, medium-scale estimated models are used to assess the importance of news shocks in the US. First, the role of news in housing market dynamics is investigated. Results show that news shocks are important for housing market fiuctua- tions, and in particular boom-busts cycles. Survey-based expectations are used as external validation of the model. Then, the role of monetary policy news shocks is analysed in a business cycle model. Results show they improve the performance of the model without leading to identification problems; they account for a larger fraction of the fiuctuations in observables than the unanticipated monetary policy shock; and they help to achieve a better matching of the covariances of some observables.
9
Treewanchai, Sinad. "Essays on economics of school and residential choices." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84677.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis studies school and residential choices when private schooling is available and attending a public school is free of charge but requires a residence in the school attendance zone. Each of the three chapters focuses on different issues. The first chapter develops a model of competition between neighbourhood (public) schools and private schools. A model is presented in which a school’s quality is determined by the average ability of the student body. Private schools set their own tuition and admission policies to attract particular types of students. All schools are equally effective in providing any given school quality. The theoretical results show that in equilibrium private schools cream skim relatively richer and higher ability students and produce higher school qualities than public schools even though neighbourhood schools also generate segregation among public school students. A policy implication is that price subsidisation to private schooling would intensify the cream-skimming problem in this environment. This is likely to worsen the welfare of students who are left in the public sector as public schools lose relatively higher ability students to the private sector. The second chapter argues, by developing a simple multiple jurisdiction model, that price subsidisation for private education can be a Pareto improving policy if (i) school quality is measured by levels of educational services, (ii) private education is more costly per unit, (iii) the level of educational services of public schools within a jurisdiction is determined by majority voting of the residents, and (iv) the housing capacities of jurisdictions cannot accommodate perfect segregation among heterogeneous households. The third chapter studies school and residential choices when there are frictions in housing markets and agents only value school quality during the early stages of their lives. An overlapping-generation model is developed to explain the relocation of agents across frictional housing markets due to different valuation and quality of local amenities such as public schools. There exist steady-state equilibria in which young agents who value school quality and live in a location with a low-quality public school have a potential to move to another location with a better public school. With frictions, some of such young agents who are willing to relocate get stuck in the low-quality school location and obtain relatively low life-time utility. The equilibria exist under sufficiently high differences in public school qualities across locations. For individuals, the benefits of moving into a good school location are not only derived from school quality but also from the resale value of the house once school services are no longer valued. Equilibria exist in which increasing the quality of the low-quality school improves the total welfare but affects agents across locations differently. In addition, when relatively good quality private schools are available, the young house buyers are better off while some old house owners are worse off due to a reduction in the returns from house sales.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Economics, 2014
Частини книг з теми "Housing frictions"
1
Jauregui-Correa, Juan C., Sthephanie Camacho, and Jovan Basaldua-Sanchez. "Analysis of the effect of different friction models on the dynamic response of a rotor rubbing the housing." In Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, 4227–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_421.
Повний текст джерела
2
Park, Yoosun. "Social Work in the Camps." In Facilitating Injustice, 202–48. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199765058.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
That the “abnormal communities” of the concentration camps put great strains on family life was a conclusion universally agreed upon by all who had first-hand knowledge of the situation and had cause to comment. The “unendurable housing situation” was “a constant source of irritation and friction within these households,” said to be a factor in a host of issues, including juvenile delinquency and marital disputes. The Nikkei were trapped in a setting which not only exacerbated existing issues and propagated new ones that would probably never have arisen under normal living conditions, but they were also stripped them of any control over the care of their most vulnerable members. Social work departments, simultaneously, held a great deal of power over the lives of men and women who found themselves in these difficult circumstances and had few resources with which to effect solutions.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Housing frictions"
1
Zhao, Dong, Dongmei Cai, Rujian Ma, and Meihua Dong. "Research of a New Controllable Friction Damper and Its Application on the Gas Compressor’s Vibration Control." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57554.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The new controllable friction dampers were composed of a housing, a piston, rollers and elastic bodies. The housing was set on the platform under the machineries or sub structures with which the piston was connected. The housing and the piston could move relatively when the machinery or the sub-structure vibrating under the inside or outside loads. The friction pairs, which were composed of the housing and rollers’ contact surfaces, could dissipate the vibration energy by the Coulomb force. The dampers could increase the output forces automatically with the augmentation of the relative vibration displacements by the usage of their interior elastic bodies which can enhance the positive pressure on the friction pairs. The new dampers overcame the shortcomings of the traditional frictional dampers that could only export the invariable force after their assembling. So they had great capabilities to consume more vibration energy. At the same time, the dampers could use the vibration source signal to control their output forces. This merit could increase the sensitiveness of the dampers to control minor vibration and expand the frequencies’ bound of the vibration sources that to be controlled. The simulation using the finite element program proved that the average displacement decrement of the gas compressor that used the new dampers to control their vibration reduced upwards of 67.2% than the machinery that didn’t use dampers. The new dampers have the better vibration control performance.
2
McCarthy, M., B. Hanrahan, C. Zorman, and R. Ghodssi. "Rolling Friction in MEMS Ball Bearings: The Effects of Loading and Solid Film Lubrication." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44190.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effects of loading and solid film lubrication on rolling friction in MEMS-fabricated ball bearing structures are investigated in this paper. An in-situ non-contact experimental procedure was used to measure the frictional forces transmitted through a linear ball bearing system. The test devices consist of two silicon plates with deep-etched rectangular trenches acting as the housing for 285μm diameter steel microballs. The dynamic friction is measured with respect to relative velocity for several normal loads and it is observed that the frictional force increases linearly with microball contact area. Additionally, test structures with a 1μm silicon carbide (SiC) film deposited in the trenches have been tested. A 70% reduction in rolling resistance is shown between the nonlubricated and the SiC-lubricated test structures under identical experimental conditions. This is attributed to the reduced sliding friction in the SiC-steel contact area during interfacial slipping. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported characterization of dynamic rolling friction in a MEMS device using a solid film lubricant. It is assumed that all frictional forces measured in this work are due to the desired rolling motion as well as bulk sliding of the microballs.
3
Kang, Sungwook, Jaewoong Kim, Donghyun Kim, Kwangjin Lee, and Yoonchul Jung. "A Study on the Thermal Deformation of Fillet Joint Friction Stir Welding." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18526.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In this study, experiments and simulations were performed for fillet joint friction stir welding according to tool shape and welding conditions. Conventional butt friction stir welding has good weldability because heat is generated by friction with the bottom of the tool shoulder. However, in the case of fillet friction stir welding, the frictional heat is not sufficiently generated at the bottom of the tool shoulder due to the shape of the tool and the shape of the joint. Therefore, it is important to sufficiently generate frictional heat by slowing the welding speed as compared to butt welding. In this study, experiments and simulations were carried out on an aluminum battery housing made by friction stir welding an extruded material with a fillet joint. The temperature of the structure was measured using thermocouple during welding, and the heat source was calculated through correlation analysis. Thermal elasto-plastic analysis of the structure was carried out using the calculated heat source and geometric boundary conditions. It is confirmed that the experimental results and the simulation results are well matched. Based on the results of the study, the deformation of the structure can be calculated through simulation even if the tool shape and welding process conditions change.
4
Aronsen, Kristoffer H., Sergey Kuzmichev, Guttorm Grytøyr, Kathrine Gregersen, Finn Kirkemo, and Lorents Reinås. "Analysis Approach for Estimating Wellhead Fatigue." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77214.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A structured technology development process targeting to combine industry and Statoil’s experience has produced an engineering approach for wellhead fatigue analysis that is verified against measurements of load and load effects in actual subsea wells. This paper outlines Statoil’s wellhead fatigue analysis approach, which is based on the new industry standard for wellhead fatigue analyses, DNVGL-RP-E104, ref. [1]. Parts of the methodology has been presented in previous papers. The present paper provides a birds eye view, putting all the pieces together into one coherent methodology. The development and validation of an engineering approach for estimating the bending moment in the surface casing, between the wellhead housing and top of cement, will be presented in detail; this has previously been referred to as load sharing between wellhead and conductor. The wellhead fatigue analysis approach is based on a “coupled model”, which in this case means that the conductor with PY-soil springs are included in the model, compatible with industry recommendations [1], with the following main characteristics: • The lower boundary condition is modelled as a conductor in soil with a bending stiffness equivalent of the well system. • Soil and template interaction is modelled by discrete springs. • The global riser load analysis is run with long crested waves and head sea. Directionality of the waves are handled by reduction factors applied to the damage rate. Alternatively, directionality effects may be included by running multiple wave directions with short crested waves. • Fatigue capacity of the hotspots in the well system is represented by ΔM-N curves generated from detailed FE models. Typically, ΔM-N curves are established for connectors, welds between housings and casings, and for the wellhead housings. The paper includes validation against full scale measurements for a wellhead of preloaded type. In addition, it is demonstrated how the approach can be used for wellheads where the high-pressure housing may rotate inside the low-pressure housing. For this case, the validation is performed against a full 3D solid element model. The analysis approach presented is computationally effective and it will hence enable increased focus on sensitivity analyses. Analysis work is moved from time consuming local- and global analysis, to effective post-processing of data. Uncertainty in the input parameters has been found to significantly influence the fatigue estimate. Understanding these effects is considered vital for making conscious decisions on the fatigue life of a well. See e.g. [8], [10] and [20]. As pointed out already in 1985 by Valka et.al., ref. [5], and also by Milberger et. al., ref. [6], the cement level, and the relative motion of the two housings, represent large uncertainties. Macke et. al, ref. [10], showed that the additional uncertainty due to cement level and friction between housings exceeds the levels covered by the traditional fatigue safety factor of DFF = 10. A method is proposed to handle this in a consistent manner.
5
Wang, Yukun, Guanyi Liu, Hao Yu, He Mao, Kai He, and Ruxu Du. "Analysis of Meshing Characteristics of Pins and Pin Housing Integral Structure in Cycloidal Planetary Drive." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71351.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Precision reducer is one of the key parts of an industrial robot, which generally incorporates cycloidal planetary drive. Engagement of the cycloidal wheel and the pins causes rolling friction between the wheel and the pins as well as sliding friction between the pins and the pin housing in the traditional cycloidal transmission of the reducer. In this paper, we present a new kind of design to make the pins and the pin housing a whole structure, thereby the cost of manufacturing and assembly can be significantly reduced. And in this new structure, we only need to consider sliding friction between the cycloidal wheel and the unibody of the pins and pin housing. The difference between the new structure and the conventional structure in the meshing properties was given. In addition, we used finite element method to analyze the friction and contact stress between the cycloidal wheel and the pins in the actual working condition, and compared it with the traditional structure. The simulation results proved the feasibility of the new structure and provided a theoretical basis for further design and manufacturing of this new kind of cycloidal planetary drive structure.
6
Corchon, Fernando, In˜aki Gorrochategui, and Sam Ranganath. "Mechanical Testing of Roll Repaired Boiling Water Reactor Control Rod Drive Housings." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26696.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cracking and occasional leaks have been reported in some Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) control rod drive (CRD) stub tubes. Roll expansion of the housing against the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) bottom head penetration has been used successfully to provide a leak barrier. The recently approved ASME Code Case N-730 “Roll expansion of Class 1 Control Rod Drive (CRD) Bottom Head Penetrations in BWRs, Section XI, Division 1” provides the specific criteria for the application of roll expansion. The minimum roll band length in the Code Case was based on the requirement that the roll joint capability exceed the scram forces on the CRD. The roll joint capability was based on a simplified analytical model with assumed friction factors. The predictive model was then compared with the results of extensive testing on mockups. This paper describes the results of the testing that has been performed to determine the load capability of roll repairs for different roll band lengths, material combinations (stainless steel and Alloy 600), percent wall thinning, thermal cycling and surface condition. The mock-ups were rolled using procedures and rolling equipment similar to those used in actual plant application. The mock-ups were tested in a testing machine by applying a ‘push force’ on the housing. In addition to measuring the force using a load cell, strain gages were also used to measure the strains on the housings. LVDTs were used to monitor the displacement during the test. The results showed that the resistance of the rolled joint (i.e. the load capability) is proportional to the roll length. The load capability was not a strong function of wall thinning or thermal cycling. It was strongly affected by the surface condition (e.g. oxidation) and the housing material yield strength. The predictive model was consistent with the test results and confirmed that the roll expansion joint has substantial load capability. Thus, the roll joint is not only a leak barrier, but also a structural load-carrying joint that is sufficient to resist the upward scram loads on CRDs.
7
Xu, Fangcheng, Guanghui Zhang, Yi Sun, Zhansheng Liu, Yu Wang, and Ning Xu. "The Effect of Coulomb Friction in Foil Structure on the Static and Dynamic Performance of Bump Foil Journal Bearings." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Coulomb friction model for foil structure of bump foil journal bearing was developed by using finite element mothod. Through changing friction coefficient between top foil and bump foil, bump foil and bearing housing, the stiffness of foil strucure, the Coulomb friction model and linear spring model in earlier literatures were compared under various load distributions, and the effects of Coulomb friction on stiffness of bump foil was studied. The developed structural model was also integrated into foil bearing prediction code to evaluate the effects of the friction on the bearing static and dynamic performance.
8
Vaishya, Manish, and Donald R. Houser. "Modeling and Analysis of Sliding Friction in Gear Dynamics." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/ptg-14431.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Sliding resistance on gear teeth can have a dominant effect on housing vibration and noise, due to fluctuating excitation and high force transmissibility in the off-line of action direction. Hence reliable modeling of friction from tribological considerations, supported by experimental data, is of utmost importance. This paper examines some lubrication theories and validates them with 2-disk tests and quasi-static loaded gear tests. From the knowledge of friction characteristics, a lumped parameter system is synthesized for a pair of spur gears. This model includes sliding friction, mounting compliances and lateral-torsional vibration coupling. A different formulation has been applied, which unlike most current models, accounts for energy dissipation in the system due to friction. The influence of various excitations like transmission error, friction and parametric variations, on dynamic response of gears is investigated. Finally, the model is evaluated with dynamic tests carried out on a spur gear set, under varying conditions of torque, speed and lubricant.
9
Gärtner, W. "A Prediction Method for the Frictional Torque of a Rotating Disk in a Stationary Housing With Superimposed Radial Outflow." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Experimental data from various sources for the frictional torque of a rotating disk in a stationary housing under the influence of a superimposed radial outflow were correlated. Existing correlations were found to overpredict the frictional torque when the superimposed flow exceeds the pumped flow of the rotating disk. Therefore a new correlation is established for this case to improve the agreement with experimental results. Since the governing equation is an integral which can only be solved numerically the method is installed in a PC-based spread sheet programme for convenient use in the engineering practice. For throughflow rates less or equal than the pumped flow of the rotating disk an existing correlation is modified to take account of the effect on the frictional torque of the axial distance between the disk and the stationary housing.
10
Cole, Matthew O. T., and Lawrence Hawkins. "Model-Based Analysis of Friction-Induced Sub-Synchronous Whirl for a Rotor Contacting With Clearance Bearings Under Axial Load." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42956.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For rotors supported by active magnetic bearings (AMBs), clearance bearings are commonly used to provide backup support under loss of AMB functionality. Test data from real machines shows that rotor vibration during touchdown on backup bearings may involve steady forward whirling at a sub-synchronous frequency. This excitation is believed to be due to friction forces transmitted between the rotor and a bearing end-face under axial load. This paper proposes a new analytical approach to model and predict such friction-driven forward whirl behaviors. A set of constraint equations are derived that relate a circular whirl motion of arbitrary orbital speed to the frequency response functions of the rotor-housing structure. This model is coupled with an evaluation of Coulomb friction associated with slip between the rotor and the supporting end-face of a thrust bearing. The resulting equations can be used to compute a set of possible whirl motions via a root-finding procedure. A case study is undertaken for a 140 kW energy storage flywheel. Model-based predictions are compared with measured data from spin-down tests and show a good level of agreement. The study confirms the role of friction-related forces in driving forward-whirl response behaviors. It also highlights the key role of housing and machine support characteristics in response behavior. This influence is shown to be complex and not open to simple physical interpretation. Therefore, the proposed analytical method is seen as a useful tool to investigate this influence while avoiding the need for time consuming numerical simulations.
Звіти організацій з теми "Housing frictions"
1
Bergman, Peter, Eric Chan, and Adam Kapor. Housing Search Frictions: Evidence from Detailed Search Data and a Field Experiment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27209.
Повний текст джерела