Дисертації з теми "Host-parasite dynamics"
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Rethinavel, Natarajan [UNESP]. "Nonlinear dynamics of within-host parasite competition." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108886.
Повний текст джерелаConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Nesta tese estudamos a biologia de populações de sistemas hospedeiro-parasita, com especial atenção para os efeitos produzidos por múltiplas infecções de diferentes parasitas numa dada população de hospedeiros. Tal situação se assemelha a múlpiplas espécies competindo por um mesmo recurso. Com os parasitas competindo por hospedeiros, diversos resultados no nível populacional podem ocorrer. Se ambos parasitas não puderem infectar um hospedeiro conjuntamente, então o parasita mais apto elimina o menos apto. Quando co-infecções são possíveis, o padrão muda e a coexistência pode ser estabelecida. Finalmente, se um parasita pode deslocar o outro, o assim chamado efeito intraguilda, o resultado dependerá fortemente da taxa de geração de novos hospedeiros, a qual é determinada por fatores ambientais. Nós estudamos este sistema por meio de um modelo matemático su?cientemente abrangente para dar conta destas situações. Procedemos passo-a-passo: começamos com um modelo matemático simples para o caso de um parasita e um hospedeiro. Ao progredirmos para outros casos nosso modelo matemático passa a incluir novos termos até chegarmos num modelo completo. Há dois métodos de análise envolvidos. Estudamos analiticamente a estabilidade do estado livre de infecções, o que nos permite dar condições sobre a capacidade dos parasitas de invadir uma população não infectada/parasitada. Por outro lado, usamos métodos numéricos para estudar o comportamento para grandes tempos, que em todos os casos tende a um ponto ?xo. O foco é saber qual parasita prevelacerá ou se haverá coexistência, além de determinar as condições que regulam o resultado da interação. Através de diagramas de bifurcação analisamos a importância da riqueza de recursos do ambiente, relacionada à taxa de produção de novos hospedeiros. Encontramos que os estados assimptóticos dependem fortemente...
In this thesis we study the population biology of host-parasite systems, with a systematic view of the e?ects produced by multiple infections of di?erent parasites on a same host population. This situation is akin to multiple species competing for a shared resource. As parasites compete for a host, several outcomes at the population level can appear. If both parasites cannot jointly infect the same host, then the ?ttest parasite eliminates the other. When confection is possible, the pattern changes, and coexistence of both parasites becomes possible. Finally, if a parasite can displace the other within the host, the so-called intraguild e?ect, the outcome will strongly be dependent on the income rate of new hosts, which is determined by environmental factors. We studied this system through a mathematical model which is broad enough to encompass these situations. We proceed by steps: ?rst we framed a simple mathematical model for a single parasite/host case and as we progress to other cases, our mathematical model includes new terms and ?nally it is shaped into a complete model. Our methods are twofold. We study analytically the stability of the disease-free state, which allows us to give conditions for the ability of the parasites to invade a disease-free/non-infected population. On the other hand, we resort to numerical methods to study the long-term behavior of the system, which in all cases tends to a ?xed point. The main focus is to know which parasite prevails or if they are able to coexist, and determine the conditions that regulate this outcome . Through bifurcation diagrams we analyzed the importance of the richness of the environment, de?ned by the rate of production of new hosts. We found that the long-term states depend crucially on this rate. Our main original contribution is related to the study of the intraguild e?ect. Depending of the host income rate we can have four di?erent states, which are a disease...
Rethinavel, Natarajan. "Nonlinear dynamics of within-host parasite competition /." São Paulo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108886.
Повний текст джерелаBanca: Hilda Cerdeira
Banca: Fernando Fagundes Ferreira
Banca: Mario José de Oliveira
Banca: Stefanella Boatto
Resumo: Nesta tese estudamos a biologia de populações de sistemas hospedeiro-parasita, com especial atenção para os efeitos produzidos por múltiplas infecções de diferentes parasitas numa dada população de hospedeiros. Tal situação se assemelha a múlpiplas espécies competindo por um mesmo recurso. Com os parasitas competindo por hospedeiros, diversos resultados no nível populacional podem ocorrer. Se ambos parasitas não puderem infectar um hospedeiro conjuntamente, então o parasita mais apto elimina o menos apto. Quando co-infecções são possíveis, o padrão muda e a coexistência pode ser estabelecida. Finalmente, se um parasita pode deslocar o outro, o assim chamado efeito intraguilda, o resultado dependerá fortemente da taxa de geração de novos hospedeiros, a qual é determinada por fatores ambientais. Nós estudamos este sistema por meio de um modelo matemático suficientemente abrangente para dar conta destas situações. Procedemos passo-a-passo: começamos com um modelo matemático simples para o caso de um parasita e um hospedeiro. Ao progredirmos para outros casos nosso modelo matemático passa a incluir novos termos até chegarmos num modelo completo. Há dois métodos de análise envolvidos. Estudamos analiticamente a estabilidade do estado livre de infecções, o que nos permite dar condições sobre a capacidade dos parasitas de invadir uma população não infectada/parasitada. Por outro lado, usamos métodos numéricos para estudar o comportamento para grandes tempos, que em todos os casos tende a um ponto fixo. O foco é saber qual parasita prevelacerá ou se haverá coexistência, além de determinar as condições que regulam o resultado da interação. Através de diagramas de bifurcação analisamos a importância da riqueza de recursos do ambiente, relacionada à taxa de produção de novos hospedeiros. Encontramos que os estados assimptóticos dependem fortemente...
Abstract: In this thesis we study the population biology of host-parasite systems, with a systematic view of the effects produced by multiple infections of different parasites on a same host population. This situation is akin to multiple species competing for a shared resource. As parasites compete for a host, several outcomes at the population level can appear. If both parasites cannot jointly infect the same host, then the fittest parasite eliminates the other. When confection is possible, the pattern changes, and coexistence of both parasites becomes possible. Finally, if a parasite can displace the other within the host, the so-called intraguild effect, the outcome will strongly be dependent on the income rate of new hosts, which is determined by environmental factors. We studied this system through a mathematical model which is broad enough to encompass these situations. We proceed by steps: first we framed a simple mathematical model for a single parasite/host case and as we progress to other cases, our mathematical model includes new terms and finally it is shaped into a complete model. Our methods are twofold. We study analytically the stability of the disease-free state, which allows us to give conditions for the ability of the parasites to invade a disease-free/non-infected population. On the other hand, we resort to numerical methods to study the long-term behavior of the system, which in all cases tends to a fixed point. The main focus is to know which parasite prevails or if they are able to coexist, and determine the conditions that regulate this outcome . Through bifurcation diagrams we analyzed the importance of the richness of the environment, defined by the rate of production of new hosts. We found that the long-term states depend crucially on this rate. Our main original contribution is related to the study of the intraguild effect. Depending of the host income rate we can have four different states, which are a disease...
Doutor
Pascua, Laura del Carmen Lopez. "Environmental and genetic determinants of host-parasite coevolutionary dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531978.
Повний текст джерелаDugaw, Christopher James. "Dynamics of a soil-dwelling parasite and its insect host /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Повний текст джерелаSchaik, Antoon Jacobus van [Verfasser]. "The influence of host social system on host-parasite evolutionary dynamics / Antoon Jacobus van Schaik." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1118373596/34.
Повний текст джерелаGubbins, S. "Dynamics and control of host-parasite systems in heterogeneous and disturbed environments." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599772.
Повний текст джерелаMiller, Martin Roy. "Theoretical models for the evolution and ecological dynamics of host-parasite systems." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14903/.
Повний текст джерелаOrtega, Nicole. "Flames and Frogs – The Impact of Environmental Disturbances on Host-Parasite Dynamics." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7640.
Повний текст джерелаDunlop, Judy. "The ecology and host parasite dynamics of a fauna translocation in Australia." Thesis, Dunlop, Judy (2015) The ecology and host parasite dynamics of a fauna translocation in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2015. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/29146/.
Повний текст джерелаWoodburn, Maureen I. A. "Comparative population dynamics of wild and reared pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323941.
Повний текст джерелаBetts, Alexander. "The effects of parasite diversity on eco-evolutionary dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:219e3908-94bb-4fec-897f-cf918cdb37f8.
Повний текст джерелаBettge, Kathrin. "The proliferative kidney disease of salmonids : dynamics of the parasite in the fish host /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000286556.
Повний текст джерелаGordon, David M. "Population dynamics of a host-parasitoid system with particular reference to age-structure effects." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75358.
Повний текст джерелаGonzález, Tortuero Enrique [Verfasser], and Justyna [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolinska. "Host-parasite dynamics in a natural system : revealing the evolutionary change in parasite populations infecting Daphnia / Enrique Gonzalez Tortuero ; Betreuer: Justyna Wolinska." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119073332/34.
Повний текст джерелаFerrari, Nicola. "Macroparasite transmission and dynamics in Apodemus flavicollis." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/105.
Повний текст джерелаBauer, Sabine. "Coevolutionary dynamics and geographic mosaics in the Social Parasite Harpagoxenus sublaevis and its two Host Species." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-107521.
Повний текст джерелаRosà, Roberto. "The importance of aggregation in the dynamics of host-parasite interaction in wildlife : a mathematical approach." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/50.
Повний текст джерелаIsomursu, M. (Marja). "Host–parasite interactions of boreal forest grouse and their intestinal helminth parasites." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526203645.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Loiset kuuluvat erottamattomana osana luonnonvaraisten lintujen elämään. Ne voivat aiheuttaa sairautta, kuolleisuutta tai hedelmällisyyden alentumista. Tyypillisesti loiset ovat levinneet isäntäpopulaatioon epätasaisesti ja monet isännän ominaisuudet (esim. ikä) vaikuttavat levinneisyyteen. Tietyissä oloissa loiset voivat jopa säädellä isäntäpopulaatiotaan. Suomalaiset metsäkanalinnut — metso Tetrao urogallus, teeri Lyrurus tetrix ja pyy Tetrastes bonasia — ovat useiden suolistoloismatolajien isäntiä. Metsäkanapopulaatiot ovat vaihdelleet syklisesti, mutta syklejä aiheuttavat mekanismit ovat yhä tuntemattomia. Tutkin metsäkanalintujen ja niiden suolistoloisten välisiä vuorovaikutuksia käyttäen metsästäjien vuosina 1995–2002 viidestä eri riistanhoitopiiristä keräämiä suolistonäytteitä. Yleisin loislaji näytteissä oli kanalintusuolinkainen, Ascaridia compar. Myös kolme heisimatolajia (Skrjabinia cesticillus, Paroniella urogalli ja Hymenolepis sp.) todettiin. Suuri koko, koirassukupuoli ja yli yhden vuoden ikä olivat yhteydessä suurempaan kanalintusuolinkaistartunnan todennäköisyyteen ja voimakkuuteen. Nuorilla (alle 1 v.) linnuilla heisimadot olivat yleisiä, kun taas aikuisilla tartunnat olivat varsin harvinaisia. Sisäsiittoisuuden vaikutusta loistartuntaherkkyyteen tutkittiin metsolla mikrosatelliittiheterotsygotian perusteella. Vähemmän heterotsygoottiset metsot olivat todennäköisemmin ja voimakkaammin suolinkaisten infektoimia, mikä viittaa sisäsiittoisuuden negatiiviseen vaikutukseen loisten vastustuskykyyn. Loisten epäsuora haitallinen vaikutus havaittiin, kun verrattiin koiran kanssa ja ilman koiraa metsästettyä lintusaalista. Heisimadot olivat selvästi yleisempiä linnuilla, jotka oli metsästetty koiran kanssa kuin ilman koiraa metsästetyillä. Heisimatotartunta näytti siis altistavan metsäkanoja koiraeläinten saalistukselle. Metsäkanalintu- ja loispopulaatioiden välistä vuorovaikutusta tutkittiin analysoimalla vuosittaisia metsäkanatiheyksiä ja loisten runsautta. Kanalintusuolinkainen oli yleisimmillään ja runsaimmillaan metsäkanatiheyden laskuvuosina. Metsäkanapopulaation vuosittainen kasvuvauhti korreloi negatiivisesti kanalintusuolinkaisen vuosittaisen runsauden kanssa. Suhteellinen elossasäilyvyys laski kanalintusuolinkaisen runsauden lisääntyessä, mutta lisääntymistuloksen suhteen ei ollut samaa ilmiötä. Löydökset viittaavat siihen, että kanalintusuolinkaisella on vaikutusta suomalaisten metsäkanalintukantojen vaihteluihin, vaikka syklisiä kannanvaihteluja ei enää havaitakaan
Davies, Claire Louise. "Parasite dynamics and community richness in a naturally fragmented water vole (Arvicola amphibious) metapopulation." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228192.
Повний текст джерелаEarnhart, Christopher G. "Dynamics of the host-parasite interaction: in vitro correlates of Crassostrea-induced modulation of Perkinsus marinus function." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616637.
Повний текст джерелаArcher, Elizabeth. "The effects of rainfall and sociality on host-parasite dynamics in the common mole-rat, Cryptomys hottentotus hottentotus (Lesson 1812)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79253.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Zoology and Entomology
MSc
Unrestricted
Clarke, Charlotte Louise. "Investigating the host-parasite dynamics of a novel amphibian dermocystid disease in an isolated population of palmate newts in the UK." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28815.
Повний текст джерелаWille, Michelle. "Viruses on the wing: evolution and dynamics of influenza A virus in the Mallard reservoir." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-41431.
Повний текст джерелаMulteau, Cecilia. "Contribution à l'étude du potentiel d’utilisation des Densovirus en lutte microbiologique." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20081/document.
Повний текст джерелаMicrobial control has a renewed interest due to issues raised by chemical pesticides inagriculture. The aim of this work is to propose a new viral resource, Densoviruses pathogenicfor Lepidoptera belonging to Densovirinae sub‐family restricted to arthropods. We focus onthree axes, (i) we described the host range of two Densovirus candidates, and identified hostspecificity determinants to understand host range evolution; (ii) we characterized themechanisms driving the horizontal transmission of Densovirus to model the dynamic of theinfection; and (iii) we validated tools to detect Densovirinae to study the viral geneticdiversity in natura. The first point lead us to identify (i) a Densovirus potentially pathogeniconly for lepidopteran pests, and (ii) few determinants of specificity localized at the surface ofthe capsid that are essential for the midgut recognition, although this barrier of specificity isnot the only one. Concerning horizontal transmission, our results show that a Densovirus canspread rapidly within a host population, inducing a cannibalistic behavior probablydeveloped by non infected individuals. We also characterize two mechanisms involved intransmission, by biting and by an endoparasitoïd vector. To study the densoviral prevalence,we develop a nested PCR and test it on insect sampling. This allowed us to describe theinsect diversity. No Densovirinae have been detected so far. These results are the first steptoward building an epidemiology model that may allow to evaluate the impact of using aDensovirus as a biological control tool
Tsao, Jean Ijieh. "Vertebrate host community composition and the dynamics of borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease : theory and experiments /." 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9990602.
Повний текст джерелаCurson, David R. "Host community dynamics and reproductive biology of a generalist avian brood parasite, the brown-headed cowbird /." 2003. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Повний текст джерелаBauer, Sabine [Verfasser]. "Coevolutionary dynamics and geographic mosaics in the social parasite Harpagoxenus sublaevis and its two host species / vorgelegt von Sabine Maria Veronika Bauer (geb. Demel)." 2009. http://d-nb.info/998370851/34.
Повний текст джерелаReichardt, Todd Raymond. "The seasonal dynamics and host-parasite relationship of Opisocrostic bruneri (Baker), a flea on Franklin's ground squirrel, Spermophilus franklinii (Sabine) near Birds Hill Park, Manitoba." 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/7181.
Повний текст джерелаHo, Yei-Long, and 何宜龍. "Dynamical aspects of host-parasite associations." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96880602601450079757.
Повний текст джерела