Статті в журналах: "Hormone correlates"

1

Pelfrey, Clara M., Robert Butler, and Anne Cotleur. "Serum levels of estradiol correlate with disability in men with multiple sclerosis (MS) (129.20)." Journal of Immunology 178, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2007): S221. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.129.20.

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Abstract MS occurs more frequently in women compared to men, however men are thought to deteriorate more rapidly. The underlying reasons for a sex bias in MS may relate to sex hormone effects. To determine whether hormone levels correlate with disease disability, we tested 51 untreated relapsing-remitting MS patients (31F, 20M) and 71 controls (38 F, 33M). Serum was tested for hormones (estrogen, testosterone, progesterone) and disability was assessed by the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC). Testosterone (T) levels were significantly elevated in women with MS compared to female controls (p = 0.0005). 17-beta-estradiol (E2) levels strongly trended towards lower levels in male MS patients compared to male controls (p = 0.06). E2 was significantly positively correlated with T levels in all subjects except the MS males. In males with MS, E2 levels correlated with the MSFC (p = 0.011). T levels did not correlate with disability in men or women. Thus, E2 levels appear decreased in males with MS, which strongly correlates with greater disease disability. Interestingly, we observed that T levels were significantly increased in MS females and did not correlate with disability. Our findings suggest interference in hormone metabolism in patients with MS, which may contribute to altered clinical responses depending on the sex of the patient. Supported by: NIH, NMSS, and CCF GCRC.

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2

Yavuz, Sahzene, Silvia Salgado Nunez del Prado, and Francesco S. Celi. "Thyroid Hormone Action and Energy Expenditure." Journal of the Endocrine Society 3, no. 7 (May 16, 2019): 1345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2018-00423.

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Abstract Energy metabolism is one of the most recognized targets of thyroid hormone action, which indeed plays a critical role in modulating energy expenditure in all of its components. This is because thyroid hormone receptors are ubiquitous, and thyroid hormones interact and influence most metabolic pathways in virtually all systems throughout the entire life of the organism. The pleiotropic actions of thyroid hormone are the results of interaction between the local availability of T3 and the signal transduction machinery, which confer in physiologic conditions time and tissue specificity of the hormonal signal despite negligible variations in circulating levels. Historically, the measurement of energy expenditure has been used as the gold standard for the clinical assessment of the hormonal action until the advent of the immunoassays for TSH and thyroid hormone, which have since been used as proxy for measurement of thyroid hormone action. Although the clinical correlates between thyroid hormone action and energy expenditure in cases of extreme dysfunction (florid hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism) are well recognized, there is still controversy on the effects of moderate, subclinical thyroid dysfunction on energy expenditure and, ultimately, on body weight trajectory. Moreover, little information is available on the effects of thyroid hormone replacement therapy on energy expenditure. This mini review is aimed to define the clinical relevance of thyroid hormone action in normal physiology and functional disorders, as well the effects of thyroid hormone therapy on energy expenditure and the effects of changes in energy status on the thyroid hormone axis.

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3

Eagon, Patricia K., Mary S. Elm, Stasa D. Tadic, and Amin A. Nanji. "Downregulation of nuclear sex steroid receptor activity correlates with severity of alcoholic liver injury." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 281, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): G342—G349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.2.g342.

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Chronic ethanol ingestion in rats and humans results in significant alterations in sex steroid levels and expression of sex hormone-dependent phenotype. In this study, we used the intragastric feeding model in male rats to determine hepatic sex hormone receptor activity under circumstances of chronic ethanol exposure and differing degrees of liver injury induced by type of dietary fat. Pathological analysis and quantitation of hepatic androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) activity, serum sex hormones, and sex hormone-responsive protein and mRNA expression were performed. The activity of the physiologically relevant nuclear form of both AR and ER was significantly decreased with ethanol and correlated inversely with the severity of liver injury. Serum testosterone levels, as well as expression of an androgen-dependent hepatic mRNA, were decreased by ethanol and progressive liver injury. Serum estradiol increased with liver injury. We postulate that these changes in receptor activity may be due to the oxidative stress, reduced cellular energy, and/or altered cytokine milieu known to occur in this model.

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4

El-Battrawy, Ibrahim, Martin Borggrefe, and Ibrahim Akin. "Hormone Status Correlates With Incidence of Heart Failure." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 70, no. 18 (October 2017): 2312–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.797.

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5

Li, Jinnan, Miklos Z. Molnar, Joshua J. Zaritsky, John J. Sim, Elani Streja, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Isidro Salusky, and Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh. "Correlates of parathyroid hormone concentration in hemodialysis patients." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 28, no. 6 (January 24, 2013): 1516–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfs598.

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6

Voigt, Cornelia. "Neuroendocrine correlates of sex-role reversal in barred buttonquails." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1843 (November 30, 2016): 20161969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1969.

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Sex differences in brain structure and behaviour are well documented among vertebrates. An excellent model exploring the neural mechanisms of sex differences in behaviour is represented by sex-role-reversed species. In the majority of bird species, males compete over access to mates and resources more strongly than do females. It is thought that the responsible brain regions are therefore more developed in males than in females. Because these behaviours and brain regions are activated by androgens, males usually have increased testosterone levels during breeding. Therefore, in species with sex-role reversal, certain areas of the female brain should be more developed or steroid hormone profiles should be sexually reversed. Here, I studied circulating hormone levels and gene expression of steroid hormone receptors and aromatase in a captive population of barred buttonquails ( Turnix suscitator ). While females performed courtship and agonistic behaviours, there was no evidence for sexually reversed hormone profiles. However, I found female-biased sex differences in gene expression of androgen receptors in several hypothalamic and limbic brain regions that were already in place at hatching. Such sex differences are not known from non-sex-role-reversed species. These data suggest that increased neural sensitivity to androgens could be involved in the mechanisms mediating sex-role-reversed behaviours.

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7

Saxena, Aditi R., and Ellen W. Seely. "Luteinizing hormone correlates with adrenal function in postmenopausal women." Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society 19, no. 11 (November 2012): 1280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gme.0b013e31825540c4.

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8

Ramirez, AmandaJ, MichaelA Richards, Walter Gregory, and ThomasK J. Craig. "Psychological correlates of hormone receptor status in breast cancer." Lancet 335, no. 8702 (June 1990): 1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(90)91294-k.

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9

Papeschi, Anna, Federica Briganti, and Francesco DessÌ-Fulgheri. "Winter Androgen Levels and Wattle Size in Male Common Pheasants." Condor 102, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/102.1.193.

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Abstract We report the results of morphological and hormonal measurements of 101 male Common Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) captured during winter and at the beginning of the breeding season in order to identify correlates of ornament size. Androgen levels in January were bimodally distributed with one group with low hormone levels and a second group with high levels. In February, log transformed androgen levels were normally distributed, with all males showing values similar to the high-level group in January. Wattle size was positively correlated with androgens in January but not in February, suggesting that this male trait can indicate the ability of quality males to start earlier androgen production.

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10

Metzler, Hannah, and Julie Grèzes. "Repeatedly adopting power postures does not affect hormonal correlates of dominance and affiliative behavior." PeerJ 7 (June 17, 2019): e6726. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6726.

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Background Adopting expansive vs. constrictive postures related to high vs. low levels of social power has been suggested to induce changes in testosterone and cortisol levels, and thereby to mimic hormonal correlates of dominance behavior. However, these findings have been challenged by several non-replications recently. Despite this growing body of evidence that does not support posture effects on hormone levels, the question remains as to whether repeatedly holding postures over time and/or assessing hormonal responses at different time points would yield different outcomes. The current study assesses these methodological characteristics as possible reasons for previous null-findings. Additionally, it investigates for the first time whether expansive and constrictive postures impact progesterone levels, a suggested correlate of affiliative motives and behavior. By testing the effects of repeated but short posture manipulations in between the blocks of a social task while using a cover story, it further fulfills the conditions previously raised as potentially necessary for the effects to occur. Methods A total of 82 male participants repeatedly adopted an expansive or constrictive posture for 2 min in between blocks of a task that consisted in categorizing faces based on first impressions. Saliva samples were taken at two different time points in a time window in which hormonal responses to stress, competition and other manipulations are known to be strongest. Results Neither testosterone and cortisol levels linked to dominance behaviors, nor progesterone levels related to affiliative tendencies, responded differently to adopting expansive as opposed to constrictive postures. The present results suggest that even repeated power posing in a context where social stimuli are task-relevant does not elicit changes in hormone levels.

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11

Dopfel, Regina P., Karl Schulmeister, and Eva S. Schernhammer. "Nutritional and lifestyle correlates of the cancer-protective hormone melatonin." Cancer Detection and Prevention 31, no. 2 (January 2007): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cdp.2007.02.001.

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12

Singer, Tomer, Martha Noel, Jack Y. Huang, Nikica Zaninovic, Owen Davis, Helen Liu, and Zev Rosenwaks. "Anti Mullerian Hormone Correlates With Embryo Morphology in IVF Cycles." Fertility and Sterility 97, no. 3 (March 2012): S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.01.070.

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13

Canosa, Luis Fabián, Norm Stacey, and Richard Ector Peter. "Changes in brain mRNA levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide, and somatostatin during ovulatory luteinizing hormone and growth hormone surges in goldfish." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 295, no. 6 (December 2008): R1815—R1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00166.2008.

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In goldfish, circulating LH and growth hormone (GH) levels surge at the time of ovulation. In the present study, changes in gene expression of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH), chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II), somatostatin (SS) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) were analyzed during temperature- and spawning substrate-induced ovulation in goldfish. The results demonstrated that increases in PACAP gene expression during ovulation are best correlated with the GH secretion profile. These results suggest that PACAP, instead of GnRH, is involved in the control of GH secretion during ovulation. Increases of two of the SS transcripts during ovulation are interpreted as the activation of a negative feedback mechanism triggered by high GH levels. The results showed a differential regulation of sGnRH and cGnRH-II gene expression during ovulation, suggesting that sGnRH controls LH secretion, whereas cGnRH-II correlates best with spawning behavior. This conclusion is further supported by the finding that nonovulated fish induced to perform spawning behavior by prostaglandin F2α treatment increased cGnRH-II expression in both forebrain and midbrain, but decreased sGnRH expression in the forebrain.

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14

Gelander, L., and K. Albertsson-Wikland. "GROWTH HORMONE (GH) RELEASE AFTER GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE (GRH) CORRELATES TO ENDOGENOUS 24-H-GH SECRETION IN 38 SHORT CHILDREN." Pediatric Research 20, no. 11 (November 1986): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198611000-00094.

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15

McLennan, Kim, Yvette Jeske, Andrew Cotterill, David Cowley, James Penfold, Tim Jones, Neville Howard, Michael Thomsett, and Catherine Choong. "Combined pituitary hormone deficiency in Australian children: clinical and genetic correlates." Clinical Endocrinology 58, no. 6 (June 2003): 785–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2265.2003.01781.x.

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Chiaffarino, Francesca, Fabio Parazzini, Carlo La Vecchia, Massimiliano Maria Bianchi, Guido Benzi, Elena Ricci, and Vito Chiantera. "Correlates of hormone replacement therapy use in Italian women, 1992–1996." Maturitas 33, no. 2 (October 1999): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(99)00055-9.

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17

Kontogeorgos, George, Sylvia L. Asa, Kalman Kovacs, Harley S. Smyth, and William Singer. "Production of alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones by pituitary somatotroph adenomas in vitro." Acta Endocrinologica 129, no. 6 (December 1993): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1290565.

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Somatotroph adenomas of the pituitary secrete growth hormone in excess and are associated with acromegaly. Morphologically, they can be separated into two entities, densely and sparsely granulated variants. It has been shown that a number of somatotroph adenomas produce α-subunit of glycoprotein hormones; however, it is not clear whether α-subunit production correlates with tumor cell morphology. We studied 32 surgically removed pituitary somatotroph adenomas in tissue culture to determine structure-function correlations of growth hormone and α-subunit production. All tumors were classified on the basis of detailed histological, immunocytochemical and electron-microscopic studies. Fifteen tumors were densely granulated and 1 7 were sparsely granulated. In addition to growth hormone, all 15 densely granulated tumors released α-subunit in vitro, whereas of the 1 7 sparsely granulated tumors only 4 released α-subunit moreover, the mean baseline levels of α-subunit were significantly higher in densely granulated adenomas than in sparsely granulated adenomas. Parallel response of release of both hormones was found during stimulation with growth hormone-releasing hormone or thyrotropin-releasing hormone and during suppression with somatostatin or bromocriptine in densely granulated tumors. α-subunit response to stimulation or suppression could not be determined with significance in sparsely granulated tumors because of low basal levels. The results indicate that α-subunit production and release is characteristic of densely granulated somatotroph adenomas and that α-subunit is coregulated with growth hormone by adenohypophysiotropic substances; in contrast, α-subunit production by sparsely granulated somatotroph adenomas is rare and, when present, much lower in quantity. Our studies confirm that densely and sparsely granulated somatotroph adenomas represent separate entities.

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18

Tosteson, Magdalena T., Michael P. Caulfield, Jay J. Levy, Michael Rosenblatt, and Daniel C. Tosteson. "The synthetic precursor specific region of pre-pro-parathyroid hormone forms ion channels in lipid bilayers." Bioscience Reports 8, no. 2 (April 1, 1988): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01116462.

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We have used the chemically synthesized sequence of pre-pro-parathyroid hormone and several of its analogues to test the notion that the capacity of amphipathic peptides to aggregate in membranes and form ion-permeable channels correlates with their ability to function as signal sequences for secreted proteins. We found that pre-pro-parathyroid hormone (the signal sequence and pro-region of parathyroid hormone (M)), as well as some of its analogues, forms aggregates of monomers which are ion-permeable. The ion-permeable aggregates (2–3 monomers) formed by (M) are voltage-dependent and are more permeable for cations than for anions. The compounds which formed ion channels in bilayers also acted as potential signal sequences. We conclude that the ability of peptides to form ion-permeable pathways in bilayers may be correlated to their ability to function as signal peptides.

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19

Rempel, S. A., and R. N. Johnston. "Steroid-induced cell proliferation in vivo is associated with increased c-myc proto-oncogene transcript abundance." Development 104, no. 1 (September 1, 1988): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.104.1.87.

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Enhanced c-myc transcript abundance has been observed in a variety of human malignancies, in normal liver tissue induced to proliferate in vivo by partial hepatectomy and in cells in culture induced to proliferate with the addition of protein hormones and growth factors. Little is known, however, about the expression of cellular proto-oncogenes in cells induced to proliferate in vivo by steroid hormones. Experiments reported here indicate that when cells of the immature chicken oviduct are induced to undergo rapid in vivo proliferation by application of the estrogen hormone 17 beta-estradiol, the onset of this proliferation is associated with a rapid, large, and transient increase in c-myc transcript abundance. When estrogen is administered to chickens in which the oviduct has already differentiated, neither massive cell proliferation nor large increases in c-myc transcript abundance are induced. We conclude that the abundance of c-myc transcripts in vivo correlates well with the degree of cell proliferation induced by steroid hormone.

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Kiran, Muniba, Samina Ejaz, Muhamad Nouman Iqbal, Waqas Nazir Malik, Sana Zahoor, and Syeda Abida Ejaz. "Hypothyroidism correlates with dyslipidemia and protein contents in patients with various metabolic disorders." Journal of International Medical Research 50, no. 9 (September 2022): 030006052211196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605221119656.

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Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the status of abnormalities in thyroid-related hormones, lipid profile parameters and total proteins in the sera of patients suffering from various metabolic disorders. Methods To analyze the study parameters, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Bradford assays and standard clinical kits and methods were applied. Data were analyzed through the appropriate statistical tests. Results In all subjects except those with hypotension, thyroid-stimulating hormone, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were elevated, whereas triiodothyronine levels were downregulated. Thyroxin was downregulated in subjects with diabetes and symptomatic thyroiditis but upregulated in patients with hypertension. High-density lipoprotein was upregulated in men who were diabetic only, and total protein was downregulated in those with hypotension only. Hypothyroidism in patients with diabetes, symptomatic thyroiditis and hypertension was correlated with dyslipidemia. In subjects with hypertension, it was correlated with total protein. Conclusion This study revealed a link between hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia and total protein in patients with various metabolic disorders.

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Khlebus, Eleonora, Veena K. Vuttaradhi, Thomas Welte, Namrata Khurana, Joseph Celestino, Hannah C. Beird, Curtis Gumbs, et al. "Abstract 2503: Tumor microenvironment composition correlates with relapse in ovarian granulosa cell tumors." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 2503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-2503.

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Abstract Background: Adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) are rare ovarian sex cord tumors that exhibit near-universal FOXL2 c.C402G (p.Cys134Trp) hotspot mutations. AGCT recurrence is difficult to predict and is almost always incurable after relapse. Little is known about the relationship between intra-tumor immune and stromal composition and AGCT relapse. Objective: To compare global gene expression profiles between primary and recurrent AGCTs, characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME), and identify correlates of disease recurrence. Methods: Total RNA sequencing was performed on 24 pathologically confirmed, cryopreserved AGCT samples, including 8 primary and 16 recurrent tumors. Standard methods were applied for read alignment, quality control, and quantification of gene-specific read counts. DESeq2 was used to identify statistically significant (adjusted P-value < 0.05) differentially expressed genes between primary and recurrent tumors with fold change > 2. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed using clusterProfiler. Integrative TME composition de-convolution was performed using multiple published algorithms including CIBERSORTx, quanTIseq, xCell, MCP-counter, and EPIC. TME analysis results were externally validated using data from smaller, previously published RNA sequencing datasets. Results: Thirty-one genes were identified as differentially expressed between primary and recurrent AGCTs, including NELL2, GDF6, TUBB2B, AQP3. These included genes with known function in hormone signaling such as LHCGR (adjusted P-value = 0.002) and INSL3 (adjusted P-value = 0.017) which were highly expressed in primary tumors and CYP19A1 (adjusted P-value = 0.009) which was highly expressed in recurrent tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed increased expression of hormone-regulated and immune-related gene sets in recurrent tumors. Integrative, multi-platform TME analysis showed recurrent AGCT to exhibit reduced fractions of cancer-associated fibroblasts and enrichment of myeloid lineages such as neutrophils and macrophages. Conclusions: Recurrent AGCTs exhibit alterations in hormone pathway gene expression as well as decreased infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts, suggesting dual roles for hormonal signaling and TME remodeling underpinning disease relapse. Citation Format: Eleonora Khlebus, Veena K. Vuttaradhi, Thomas Welte, Namrata Khurana, Joseph Celestino, Hannah C. Beird, Curtis Gumbs, Latasha Little, Alejandra Flores Legarreta, Tri Nguyen, Barrett Lawson, Russell R. Broaddus, David M. Gershenson, P. Andrew Futreal, R. Tyler Hillman. Tumor microenvironment composition correlates with relapse in ovarian granulosa cell tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2503.

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Fedotov, S. V., E. E. Oleinikova, S. G. Yakovlev, and E. A. Mukha. "Determining the reproductive potential of repair heifers." Genetics and breeding of animals, no. 4 (January 7, 2021): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2020-4-43-47.

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Reproduction and culling of productive animals are the main factors that affect the number of cows in a herd. Timely determination of fertility in replacement heifers with subsequent culling of problem heifers will help reduce direct economic losses in breeding dairy cattle. When making a diagnosis, veterinarians should exclude all forms of temporary or permanent infertility, including Congenital anomalies (infantilism, freemartinism, deformities, etc.).In order to establish the hormonal status of heifers-freemartin in the blood serum, the concentration of sex hormones (progesterone, estradiol-17ᵦ, and testosterone) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was determined.Studies of the level of AMH using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in blood serum have proven the possibility of early assessment of fertility in heifers. This method will allow early culling of Freemartin heifers from a productive herd. The study of AMH levels showed that its amount directly correlates with fertility in cattle, regardless of the period of the estrous cycle. When the concentration of AMH in the blood serum is below 100 pg / ml, heifers are not capable of fruitful insemination, while a high level of anti-Müllerian hormone (more than 380 ng / ml) makes it possible to successfully fertilize animals on the first attempt. All clinically healthy replacements obtained during a single pregnancy were successfully inseminated. At low concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone, Freemartin heifers were sterile, even after hormonal stimulation (Co-Synx) and sperm doses were administered without clinical manifestation of sexual desire.The introduction of testing for the level of AMH by the ELISA method in the mandatory gynecological clinical examination of cattle in livestock enterprises is expedient and effective.

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Duan, Kai, Karen Gomez Hernandez, and Ozgur Mete. "Clinicopathological correlates of hyperparathyroidism." Journal of Clinical Pathology 68, no. 10 (July 10, 2015): 771–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203186.

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Hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder with potential complications on the skeletal, renal, neurocognitive and cardiovascular systems. While most cases (95%) occur sporadically, about 5% are associated with a hereditary syndrome: multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (MEN-1, MEN-2A, MEN-4), hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour syndrome (HPT-JT), familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH-1, FHH-2, FHH-3), familial hypercalciuric hypercalcaemia, neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism and isolated familial hyperparathyroidism. Recently, molecular mechanisms underlying possible tumour suppressor genes (MEN1, CDC73/HRPT2, CDKIs, APC, SFRPs, GSK3β, RASSF1A, HIC1, RIZ1, WT1, CaSR, GNA11, AP2S1) and proto-oncogenes (CCND1/PRAD1, RET, ZFX, CTNNB1, EZH2) have been uncovered in the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism. While bi-allelic inactivation of CDC73/HRPT2 seems unique to parathyroid malignancy, aberrant activation of cyclin D1 and Wnt/β-catenin signalling has been reported in benign and malignant parathyroid tumours. Clinicopathological correlates of primary hyperparathyroidism include parathyroid adenoma (80–85%), hyperplasia (10–15%) and carcinoma (<1–5%). Secondary hyperparathyroidism generally presents with diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia, whereas tertiary hyperparathyroidism reflects the emergence of autonomous parathyroid hormone (PTH)-producing neoplasm(s) from secondary parathyroid hyperplasia. Surgical resection of abnormal parathyroid tissue remains the only curative treatment in primary hyperparathyroidism, and parathyroidectomy specimens are frequently encountered in this setting. Clinical and biochemical features, including intraoperative PTH levels, number, weight and size of the affected parathyroid gland(s), are crucial parameters to consider when rendering an accurate diagnosis of parathyroid proliferations. This review provides an update on the expanding knowledge of hyperparathyroidism and highlights the clinicopathological correlations of this prevalent disease.

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Barad, D., K. Oktay, A. Weghofer, and N. Gleicher. "Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), but not follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), correlates to oocyte yield in in vitro fertilization." Fertility and Sterility 90 (September 2008): S259—S260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1228.

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25

Balada, Ferran, Rafael Torrubia, and Josep Maria Arqué. "Thyroid Hormone Correlates of Sensation Seeking and Anxiety in Healthy Human Females." Neuropsychobiology 25, no. 4 (1992): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000118839.

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Balada, Ferran, Rafael Torrubia, and Maria Arqué. "Gonadal Hormone Correlates of Sensation Seeking and Anxiety in Healthy Human Females." Neuropsychobiology 27, no. 2 (1993): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000118960.

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27

Frank, Erica, John Rock, and Lisa Elon. "Correlates of Hormone Replacement Therapy Use in Former Users of Oral Contraceptives." Obstetrics & Gynecology 97, Supplement (April 2001): 24S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-200104001-00055.

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Frank, E. "Correlates of hormone replacement therapy use in former users of oral contraceptives." Obstetrics & Gynecology 97, no. 5 (May 2001): S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01186-3.

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Revelli, Alberto, Gianluca Gennarelli, Valentina Biasoni, Alessandra Chiadò, Andrea Carosso, Francesca Evangelista, Carlotta Paschero, Claudia Filippini, and Chiara Benedetto. "The Ovarian Sensitivity Index (OSI) Significantly Correlates with Ovarian Reserve Biomarkers, Is More Predictive of Clinical Pregnancy than the Total Number of Oocytes, and Is Consistent in Consecutive IVF Cycles." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (June 18, 2020): 1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061914.

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Background and Objectives: Some biomarkers of ovarian responsiveness to gonadotropins and the total number of retrieved oocytes are known to affect the success rate after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). The aim of this study was to study another putative marker, the Ovarian Sensitivity Index (OSI: (number of retrieved oocytes/total gonadotropin dose) × 1000), assessing whether (a) it correlates with ovarian responsiveness biomarkers, (b) it is an independent predictor of clinical pregnancy, (c) it predicts clinical pregnancy comparably to the number of retrieved oocytes, and (d) it is consistent in the repeated COS cycles of the same woman. Design: retrospective analysis. Setting: public IVF Unit in University Hospital. Cases and Measurements: 1612 patients submitted to 3353 IVF cycles were included, their OSI was calculated and it was correlated with the ovarian responsiveness biomarkers (age, BMI, anti-Mullerian hormone, antral follicle count). The OSI and the total number of oocytes were compared for their value in predicting clinical pregnancy. The inter-cycle consistency of the OSI was estimated in 209 patients who underwent two consecutive cycles in which the ovarian stimulation regimen was changed from the Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)-agonist long protocol to the GnRH-antagonist protocol or vice-versa. Results: The OSI turned out to be significantly related to age and BMI (inversely), the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and the antral follicle count (AFC) (directly), to be an independent predictor of clinical pregnancy, and to correlate with clinical pregnancy better than the total number of oocytes (p < 0.0001 vs. <0.002). In patients who underwent two consecutive COS cycles changing stimulation regimen, the OSI showed 82% consistency. Conclusion(s): The OSI significantly correlates to the currently used biomarkers of ovarian responsiveness; it is an independent predictor of clinical pregnancy; it is more predictive of clinical pregnancy than the total number of oocytes, and is highly consistent in repeated IVF cycles even when the COS protocol changes. These characteristics make the OSI quite suitable to be incorporated into more complex prediction models of IVF outcome.

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Taylor, C. D., P. Elson, and D. L. Trump. "Importance of continued testicular suppression in hormone-refractory prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 11, no. 11 (November 1993): 2167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.11.2167.

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PURPOSE Patients in whom prostate cancer progresses despite testicular androgen ablation are generally said to have cancers that have become resistant to hormonal maneuvers. If androgen suppression has been pharmacologic, this therapy is often stopped before consideration of other systemic treatments. This exploratory study sought clinical correlates of experimental evidence that there may be substantial acceleration of tumor growth after cessation of androgen suppression. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective multivariate analysis was performed on survival data for 341 patients treated on four clinical trials of secondary therapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Factors included in the model were recent weight loss, age, performance status, disease site (soft tissue v bone-dominant), prior radiotherapy, and continued androgen suppression v discontinued exogenous endocrine therapy. RESULTS Recent weight loss, age, performance status, and disease site were important prognostic factors for survival duration in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Correcting for these factors, continued testicular androgen suppression was also an important predictor of survival duration in all data sets examined. CONCLUSION This retrospective study showed a modest advantage in survival duration for men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer who continued to receive testicular androgen suppression. The hypothesis that continued hormonal maneuvers can still affect survival in this group warrants examination in prospective trials.

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Grimm, Sandra L., Tiffany N. Seagroves, Elena B. Kabotyanski, Russell C. Hovey, Barbara K. Vonderhaar, John P. Lydon, Keiko Miyoshi, et al. "Disruption of Steroid and Prolactin Receptor Patterning in the Mammary Gland Correlates with a Block in Lobuloalveolar Development." Molecular Endocrinology 16, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 2675–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2002-0239.

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Abstract Targeted deletion of the bZIP transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β (C/EBPβ), was shown previously to result in aberrant ductal morphogenesis and decreased lobuloalveolar development, accompanied by an altered pattern of progesterone receptor (PR) expression. Here, similar changes in the level and pattern of prolactin receptor (PrlR) expression were observed while screening for differentially expressed genes in C/EBPβnull mice. PR patterning was also altered in PrlRnull mice, as well as in mammary tissue transplants from both PrlRnull and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 5a/b-deficient mice, with concomitant defects in hormone-induced proliferation. Down-regulation of PR and activation of Stat5 phosphorylation were seen after estrogen and progesterone treatment in both C/EBPβnull and wild-type mice, indicating that these signaling pathways were functional, despite the failure of steroid hormones to induce proliferation. IGF binding protein-5, IGF-II, and insulin receptor substrate-1 all displayed altered patterns and levels of expression in C/EBPβnull mice, suggestive of a change in the IGF signaling axis. In addition, small proline-rich protein (SPRR2A), a marker of epidermal differentiation, and keratin 6 were misexpressed in the mammary epithelium of C/EBPβnull mice. Together, these data suggest that C/EBPβ is a master regulator of mammary epithelial cell fate and that the correct spatial pattern of PR and PrlR expression is a critical determinant of hormone-regulated cell proliferation.

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Hasan, Shaakir, Zachary Neubauer, Robert H. Press, Arpit Chhabra, Jana Lauren Fox, Oren Cahlon, Richard Lorne Bakst, Charles B. Simone, and J. Isabelle Choi. "Prognostic implications of HER2Neu-low in metastatic breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.1044.

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1044 Background: HER2-Low (or HER2-equivocal, FISH negative) breast cancer has historically been treated as HER2-negative; however, recent evidence suggests that there may be prognostic and/or predictive differences between the two. We explore demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of HER2-negative and HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients using real world data. Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database to identify MBC patients that were HER2 0, HER2 1+, or HER2 2+ per immunohistochemical staining, with the latter two defined as HER2-low and the former HER2-negative. A multivariable binomial regression analysis identified demographic and clinical correlates of each subtype. A Cox multivariable regression analysis (MVA), propensity matched to HER2 status, was performed to identify correlates of survival. Results: After excluding missing data, 24,636 MBC patients diagnosed between 2008-2015 were identified, 6,865 (27.9%) of whom were HER2-negative and 17,771(72.1%) of whom were HER2-low. There were no differences between the two groups with respect to age, race, year treated, location, income, insurance status, Charles Deyo comorbidity score, laterality, T stage, N stage, or use of systemic therapy. HER2-low tumors were half as likely to have concomitant hormone receptor-negative status (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.46-0.53). The 3-year survival rate among hormone receptor-negative patients was 33.8% for HER2-low and 32.2% for HER2-negative, and 60.9% and 55.6% in HER2-low and HER2-negative cases among hormone receptor-positive patients, respectively. HER2-low cases were associated with better survival on MVA (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.87-0.95), and remained superior with propensity-matching (HR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.96). In a subset analysis isolated to hormone receptor-positive cases, HER2-low remained correlated with improved survival (HR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.98) with propensity-matched MVA. Correlates of worse survival include older age as a continuous variable (HR = 1.02), Black race (HR = 1.13), uninsured (HR = 1.18), comorbidity score > 0 (HR = 1.28), higher T stage (HR = 1.17 to 2.34), node positivity (HR = 1.17) and, as the most influential, hormone receptor-negative status (HR = 1.94) [all P < 0.01]. Conclusions: Consistent with recent data in non-MBC, our study demonstrates a small but statistically significant association with improved survival for HER2-low tumors compared to HER2-negative tumors in MBC. Randomized data are necessary to further validate this discrepancy and determine if different management is warranted for each subtype.

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Witkowska-Sędek, Ewelina, Małgorzata Rumińska, Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel, Anna Majcher, and Beata Pyrżak. "The associations between the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, adiponectin, resistin and metabolic profile in children with growth hormone deficiency before and during growth hormone treatment." Acta Biochimica Polonica 65, no. 2 (July 8, 2018): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2018_2601.

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The study investigated the associations between the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis, adiponectin, resistin and metabolic profile in 47 GH-deficient children before and during 12 months of GH treatment. 23 short age-matched children without growth hormone deficiency (GHD) or any genetic or chronic disorders were recruited as controls at baseline. Metabolic evaluation included measurements of adiponectin, resistin, IGF-1, total cholesterol (total-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (free T4) concentrations. The GH-deficient children had significantly higher adiponectin (p<0.05) and total cholesterol (p<0.05) and significantly lower resistin (p<0.05) than the controls. Resistin at 6 months of GH treatment correlated significantly with changes in height SDSin that period (r=0.35) and with fasting insulin (r=0.50), the HOMA-IR (r=0.56) and the QUICKI (r= - 0.53) at 12 months of therapy. Adiponectin at 12 months of GH treatment was significantly associated with changes in HDL-C within the first 6 months (r=0.73) and also within 12 months (r=0.56) of therapy, while resistin correlated significantly with an increment in IGF-1 within 12 months of treatment (r=0.49) and with total-C at 12 months (r=0.56). Untreated GH-deficient children had higher adiponectin and lower resistin than healthy short children without GHD. Adiponectin and resistin did not change significantly during the first 12 months of GH therapy. Good responders to GH treatment had a tendency for higher resistin during GH therapy, which correlates positively with insulin resistance parameters.

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Zhang, Yu, Xiaopeng Guo, Gang Tan, Mengyun Zhao, Yuguang Huang, Wei Chen, Xiaodong Shi, Lijian Pei, and Bing Xing. "Neuromuscular Blockade Correlates with Hormones and Body Composition in Acromegaly." International Journal of Endocrinology 2020 (December 9, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2912839.

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Tumor resection is the first-line therapy for acromegaly patients. In some cases, unsatisfactory intraoperative neuromuscular blockades (NMBs) lead to failed operations. The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify the NMB status of acromegaly patients and explore the relationship between NMB status and hormone levels and body composition. Twenty patients with untreated acromegaly and seventeen patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas as controls were enrolled in this study. NMB was assessed using the train-of-four (TOF) technique with TOF-Watch® SX. The onset time of NMB, deep neuromuscular blockade duration (DNMBD), and clinical neuromuscular blockade duration (CNMBD) were monitored. We found a significantly longer onset time (110.25 ± 54.90 vs. 75.00 ± 27.56, s, p = 0.017 ), shorter DNMBD (21.99 ± 5.67 vs. 34.96 ± 11.04, min, p < 0.001 ), and shorter CNMBD (33.26 ± 8.09 vs. 46.21 ± 10.89, min, p < 0.001 ) in acromegaly patients compared with the controls. DNMBD and CNMBD decreased in patients with decreasing body fat percentage and increasing growth hormone (GH) level, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level, and GH and IGF-1 burden. The onset time increased with increasing IGF-1 level and GH and IGF-1 burden. Taken together, a unique NMB status was identified in acromegaly patients with the following characteristics: prolonged onset time and shortened DNMBD and CNMBD. Changes in the levels and burdens of GH and IGF-1 and body composition were linearly correlated with intraoperative NMB in acromegaly patients.

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Merchenthaler, I., F. J. Lopez, and A. Negro-Vilar. "Colocalization of galanin and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in a subset of preoptic hypothalamic neurons: anatomical and functional correlates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87, no. 16 (August 1, 1990): 6326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.16.6326.

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Tudoran, Cristina, Mariana Tudoran, Florina Parv, Gheorghe Nicusor Pop, Ahmed Abu Awwad, Mihaela Vlad, and Melania Balas. "Factors Influencing the Evolution of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Hyperthyroidism." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 4 (May 15, 2019): 1328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.4.7120.

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The aim of this study is to document the impact of thyroid hormones on pulmonary hypertension (PH). In two groups of hyperthyroid patients, one with Graves� disease and other with non-autoimmune aetiology, we have determined, by means of echocardiography, the estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPs). We have documented an increased incidence of PH and statistically significant correlations between PAPs levels and free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb) and with the duration of hyperthyroidism. The severity of PH correlates with the severity and duration of hyperthyroidism. PAPs levels declined gradually, under specific therapy.

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Yang, Huipeng, and Jie Wu. "Comparison of Predicted Amino Acid Sequences of Allatotropin/Allatostatin Receptors from Solitary to Eusocial Bee Species (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." Journal of Apicultural Science 63, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2019-0021.

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AbstractAn increasingly amount of evidence supports that the evolution of eusociality is accompanies by shifts in ancient molecular and physiological pathways. The juvenile hormone, one of the most important hormones in the post-embryonic development of insects, attracts the most attention in the context of social organization. Allatoregulatory neuropeptides (Allatotropin, Allatostatin-A and Allatostatin-C) are known to regulate juvenile hormone synthesis and release in insects. In order to clarify the transitions of juvenile hormone synthesis involved in eusocial evolution, the substitutions of amino acid residues and the complexity of post-translational modifications in allatoregulatory neuropeptide receptors were characterized. Both allatotropin and allatostatin receptors are identified in all examined bee species regardless if they are solitary or eusocial. Although the amino acid sequences are highly conserved, phylogenetic results are consistent with the eusocial status. The abundance of predicted post-translational modifications correlates with social complexity except for that in allatostatin-C receptors. Even though the consequences of these specific amino acid substitutions and various post-translational modification complexity have not been studied, they likely contribute to the localizing, binding and coupling characteristics of the receptor groups.

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Polak, Aleksandra Maria, Agnieszka Łebkowska, Anna Krentowska, Angelika Buczyńska, Marcin Adamski, Adam Jacek Krętowski, Irina Kowalska, and Agnieszka Adamska. "Elevated Serum Concentration of Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Correlates with the Markers of Abdominal Obesity Independently of Thyroid Hormones in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 14 (July 11, 2023): 4610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144610.

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Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is mainly expressed in adipocytes. The risk of abdominal obesity and autoimmune thyroid disease is increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship of serum concentration of A-FABP with parameters of obesity, e.g., waist to hip ratio (WHR) and the amount of adipose tissue assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and thyroid hormone homeostasis in women with PCOS. We examined 66 women with PCOS and 67 healthy women. Serum concentrations of A-FABP and thyroid hormones were measured; the FT3/FT4 ratio, thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), thyrotrope thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI) and thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI) were calculated. In the PCOS group, serum concentrations of A-FABP, FT3 and the FT3/FT4 ratio were significantly higher in comparison to the control group (all p < 0.05). A correlation of A-FABP with WHR (r = 0.26, p = 0.04) and the percentage of adipose tissue (r = 0.33, p = 0.01) has been found only in women with PCOS. We observed no correlation between serum levels of A-FABP and TSHI, TT4RI or TFQI in women with PCOS (all p > 0.05). Our results indicate that A-FABP is an adipokine that may be connected with abdominal obesity independently of thyroid hormone homeostasis in PCOS patients.

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Mirajkar, Shalmali, David Warren, and Janelle Beadle. "Caregiver Stress and Empathy: Neural and Hormonal Correlates." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.677.

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Abstract Providing care to older adults with chronic conditions can be emotionally meaningful and stressful. The tend-and-befriend theory highlights the role of affiliation/empathy in stress reduction, but it has not been established whether this theory extends to caregivers for older adults. Addressing this gap, we assessed caregiver empathy and stress through behavioral, hormone, and neuroimaging measures. In Experiment 1, we compared 19 caregivers (Mage=67.1) to 24 non-caregivers (Mage=72.6), and found that caregivers with a greater reduction in cortisol to an empathic context showed greater prosocial behavior (r2=0.3). In experiment 2 (N=32), we examined differences between caregivers and non-caregivers in whole brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) with seed regions of interest (posterior cingulate cortex (PCC); amygdala), and covariation of RSFC with empathy (α=0.05). For emotional empathy, caregivers had stronger connectivity between the PCC seed, medial prefrontal cortex, and right supramarginal gyrus, and between the amygdala seed and the right middle frontal gyrus.

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Sagar, Pallavi, Sandeep Kumar, Neha Mala Krishna, Manish Kumar, and J. R. Keshari. "Evaluation of role of serum prolactin & ki-67 in different stages of breast cancer." International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research 10, no. 1 (April 15, 2023): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcbr.2023.008.

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Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women. Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone secreted from anterior pituitary gland which stimulates cell proliferation, survival of cancer cells, its migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Breast cancer is strongly associated with raised plasma Prolactin level (PRL). The Prolactin behaves like Growth Hormone and its actions by the growth-promoting JAK/STAT pathway suggests its tumor-promoting effects.Ki-67 a Nuclear Protein is highest in Luminal B, Ki67 are not related to age but is correlated with tumor size. Fraction of Ki-67 positive tumor cells correlates with the clinical course of cancer cells. Hence, Ki- 67 can be an effective target in cancer therapy. Ki-67% and Serum Prolactin level may be considered a valuable biomarker in breast cancer patients and be used in treatment, follow-up and Prognosis.

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Zhu, Lizhe, Shibo Yu, Siyuan Jiang, Guanqun Ge, Yu Yan, Yuhui Zhou, Ligang Niu, Jianjun He, Yu Ren, and Bin Wang. "Loss of HOXB3 correlates with the development of hormone receptor negative breast cancer." PeerJ 8 (November 20, 2020): e10421. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10421.

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Background The homeobox gene family, encoding a specific nuclear protein, is essential for embryonic development, differentiation, and homeostasis. The role of the HOXB3 protein varies in different tumors. This study aims to explore the role of the HOXB3 gene in breast cancer. Method Differentially expressed genes were screened by analyzing metastatic breast cancer gene chip data from TCGA and GEO databases. The function of the selected HOXB3 gene was also analyzed in different databases and through molecular biology methods, such as qRT-PCR, western blot and IF to verify bioinformatics findings. Results Both bioinformatics analyses and western blot showed that HOXB3 was lost in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue. Survival analysis also showed that lower expression of HOXB3 was associated with poor prognosis. Bioinformatics analyses further showed that HOXB3 was positively correlated with hormone receptors. Metascape for GO analysis of GEO data provided possible mechanisms that HOXB3 could positively regulate cell adhesion, inhibit cell proliferation and activate immune response in breast cancer; moreover, GSEA included several cancer-associated pathways. Conclusion In summary, HOXB3 expression was decreased in breast cancer, and it was associated with poor prognosis. It might become a new biomarker to predict prognosis of breast cancer.

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Steffen, Ann M., Larry W. Thompson, Dolores Gallagher-Thompson, and Diana Koin. "Physical and Psychosocial Correlates of Hormone Replacement Therapy with Chronically Stressed Postmenopausal Women." Journal of Aging and Health 11, no. 1 (February 1999): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089826439901100101.

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Carney, Patricia A., Anna N. A. Tosteson, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Julia E. Weiss, Martha E. Goodrich, Paul Manganiello, and Claudia J. Kasales. "Hormone therapies in women aged 40 and older: Prevalence and correlates of use." Maturitas 53, no. 1 (January 2006): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.02.022.

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Ransom, Sharon A., and Harold J. Sauer. "CORRELATES OF POSTMENOPAUSAL FEMALE HORMONE USE AMONG BLACK WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 92, no. 1 (July 1998): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-199807000-00031.

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45

Rosenberg, Lynn, Julie R. Palmer, and Lucile L. Adams-Campbell. "CORRELATES OF POSTMENOPAUSAL FEMALE HORMONE USE AMONG BLACK WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 92, no. 1 (July 1998): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-199807000-00032.

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LAM, K., R. PANG, E. JANUS, A. KUNG, and C. WANG. "Serum apolipoprotein(a) correlates with growth hormone levels in Chinese patients with acromegaly." Atherosclerosis 104, no. 1-2 (December 1993): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(93)90189-2.

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Kushnir, Mark M., Lisa K. Peterson, and Frederick G. Strathmann. "Parathyroid hormone related protein concentration in human serum and CSF correlates with age." Clinical Biochemistry 52 (February 2018): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.10.018.

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Andersson, B., L. M. S. Carlsson, B. Carlsson, K. Albertsson-Wikland, and R. Bjarnason. "Decrease in Adiponectin Levels Correlates to Growth Response in Growth Hormone-Treated Children." Hormone Research in Paediatrics 71, no. 4 (2009): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201110.

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Johannes, Catherine B., Sybil L. Crawford, Jennifer G. Posner, and Sonja M. McKinlay. "Longitudinal Patterns and Correlates of Hormone Replacement Therapy Use in Middle-aged Women." American Journal of Epidemiology 140, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117266.

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Shpakov, Alexander O., and Kira V. Derkach. "The Functional State of Hormone-Sensitive Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling System in Diabetes Mellitus." Journal of Signal Transduction 2013 (September 28, 2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/594213.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) induces a large number of diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular, and some other systems of the organism. One of the main causes of the diseases is the changes in the functional activity of hormonal signaling systems which lead to the alterations and abnormalities of the cellular processes and contribute to triggering and developing many DM complications. The key role in the control of physiological and biochemical processes belongs to the adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling system, sensitive to biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. The review is devoted to the changes in the GPCR-G protein-AC system in the brain, heart, skeletal muscles, liver, and the adipose tissue in experimental and human DM of the types 1 and 2 and also to the role of the changes in AC signaling in the pathogenesis and etiology of DM and its complications. It is shown that the changes of the functional state of hormone-sensitive AC system are dependent to a large extent on the type and duration of DM and in experimental DM on the model of the disease. The degree of alterations and abnormalities of AC signaling pathways correlates very well with the severity of DM and its complications.

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