Дисертації з теми "Hobyot (langue) – Morphologie (linguistique)"
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Manoubi, Ali. "Le hobyot : description grammaticale d’une langue sudarabique moderne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL139.
Hobyot is a Semitic language with a very limited number of speakers in the east of Yemen and the south of the Sultanate of Oman and classified by UNESCO as a "seriously endangered" language. Despite some previous studies, no full linguistic description, including sound files exists - as of yet. It is the goal of this study to close this gap and offer a comprehensive account of Hobyot
Rucart, Pierre. "Morphologie gabaritique et interface phonosyntaxique : aspects de la morphologie verbale en afar." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070060.
This work is dedicated to the morphophonology of verbal System in two Cushitic languages, mainly Afar, and secondarily Bedja. These two languages possess two verbal classes : one with a strictly suffixal inflection, the other with both prefixes and suffixes. The distribution of the vocalism in Afar verbs allows us to give a underlying representation of verbs with a single template. The proposition of a templatic interface between phonology and syntax gives a hierarchical structure to the templatics domains and allows one to take into account the relationships between the different components of the Grammar. Then, we are able to give a unified analysis of the verbal morphology that predicts the expected forms for all the verbs
Hassan, Mohammed. "Aspects de la phonologie et de la morphologie du somali." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE2014.
This thesis analyses some aspects of somali phonology and morphology. A particular model within the framework of autosegmental phonology is applied. It is mainly characterized bythe representation of rhythm in which the rhythmic pattern (patronrythmique) provides directly the relation between sounds and distributions. This analysis allows to predict and explain the segmental changes, with a minimum of stipulation, the phonological aspects such as assimilation, syncope, spirantisation and palatalisation. It also allows to define the the nature of the vowels and to provide an explanation to the vocalic system of somali language. A derivational and hierarchical model for verbal and nominal suffixes is also proposed in this thesis. It gives consideration to the compatibility of the suffixes and allows to study the complexity of pluruderiderivational phenomena in somali language. Analysis of tonal accent and vocalic harmony refers abundantly to the derivational processes of verbal and nominal suffixes. This allows to realize what constitutes a harmonic field. This reference to derivatinal processes takes part in the definition and combination of prosodical units
PELTZER, GROZNYKH LOUISE. "Elements de morphologie du tahitien; derivation et composition." Paris 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA030083.
Tahitian is a polynesian language that belongs to the austronesian family and which is spoken mainly in the islands-of-the-society archipelago. It is estimated that about 150. 000 people use this language. Tahitian is characterized by a limited number of phonemes and a simple morphology. Before studying the derivation and the composition, it was necessary to find a classification (chapter 2). Therefore, distributional criterion have been organized into a hierarchy and used to make the difference between the category index and the functional level. As a result, sixteen categories of words (or parts of speech) and eight grammatical categories have been obtained. The study of the derivation has been divided into two parts : on the hand, the affixal derivation and on the other hand, the inflectional derivation (chap. 3) the prefixal derivation has been studied from two points of view, formal and functional. There is only a small change in the form of the prefixes : from the funtional point of view, some are stem-formative of verbs or of nouns, others can constitute either nouns or verbs. We have been able to isolate only four suffixes, two of them being productive; the first one is used to constitute the nouns and the other the verbs. In order to study the inflectional derivation, an analysis of the derivation by quantitative inflection and by reduplication has been necessary thus bringing out that the former is not very productive and is used mainly to constitute verbs. The reduplication which is, on the contrary, very productive is used to make up nouns as well as verbs. The composition is the last part in this chapter. The compounded words have been studied according to the final category, the number of the components and their classification. This study has enabled us to bring out that most of the compounded words have been constituted according to the usual syntactic rules of the noun phrases
Denais, Michel. "Éléments de phonologie et de morphologie tigrigna : éthiopien septentrional." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE2003.
This thesis analyzes some aspects of the phonology and morphology of tigrinya, an ethiopian semitic language not well-described as yet. It also implicity claims evaluating a particular model within the framework of autosegmental phonology. The proposed formalism (Angoujard, 1984) is characterized mainly by the representation of rhythm in which the rhythmic pattern (patron rythmique) provides directly the relation between sounds and distribution and by the representation of segments (Kaye, Lowenstamm, Vergnaud, 1985) which takes the element as minimal constituent. The analysis proper consists in identifying rhythmic model, in other words the parameters which govern the distribution and organization of prosodic units. By referring to the rhythm, our analysis allows to explain and predict the segmental changes with a minimum of stipulations. These changes being either the consequence of substance (semivowels, glottal stop), prosodic adjustment (shortening, lenthening), or spreading of element (harmony) are all the expression of rhythm
Saguer, Abderrahim. "Le rare et l'exceptionnel en phonologie et morphologie arabes." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA08A001.
Jun, Jae-Yeon. "Recherches sur le nombre en coréen : syntaxe, sémantique et morphologie." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081559.
Mba-Nkoghe, Jules. "Desription linguistique du fang du Gabon, parler atsi : phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe, lexique." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030167.
In this work, the linguistic description is considered as the study of the way the language Fang -its dialect variant Atsi- globally functions (the Fang-Atsi language is a Bantu language A 75, belonging of the group A 70 or Yaoundee-Fang, and spoken in Gabon. This analysis enabled us to enlighten the structures and mechanismes of that language in order to fulfil the linguistic expression. To get at such an objective, we considered a series of levels of analysis in which we could study the mechanisms laying out the units of the same order to obtain units of a larger scale. As such, the linguistic analysis allowed us to determine from the phonological stand point, the minimal distinctive units, the phonemes ; the single syntactic units, the syntaxemes, or the grammatical categories in the syntaxematical analysis ; the complex significant units, the synthemes, in synthematics ; the complex syntactic units, the syntagmatics ; the single functional units, the functionemes, in matter of functionematics, which are different from or equal to syntaxemes ; the complex functional units, the enuncemes, in the field of enuncematics, equal or different from the utterance, which is considered as the last step. .
Dumestre, Gérard. "Le Bambara du Mali : essais de description linguistique." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030157.
This dissertation is a series of linguistic essays on bambara, a language mainly spoken in mali, but which also is the principal language for millions of people in west africa. These essays deal with standard bambara, and not with a special dialect. They concern tonology, morphology, syntax, and some lexical points. They are based on a very important corpus, oral and written, which comes from the region of bamako and segou for the main part. The three first chapters are about tones: the elucidation of schemes and rules, the discussion of minor schemes, and the schemes that are partially or totally imposed. Chapter 4 is about the organization of the sentence, lexical classes and functions. The chapters 5 to 9 are concerned with the analysis of nominal constructions, and the way they may combine with each other. Chater 10 deals with verbal morphology. Chapter 11 is about our conception of complex sentences; we propose a new typology based on the notions of dependence, independence and interdependence. Chapter 12 is about the ka constructions, either consecutive clauses or verbal complements. Chapter 13 and 14 are about particules and adverbs. The last three chapters deal with the "margins" of the language, especially with ideophonics adverbs and slang
Manus, Sophie. "Morphologie et tonologie du símákòòndè : parlé par les communautés d'origine mozambicaine de Zanzibar et de Tanga (Tanzanie)." Paris, INALCO, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAL0021.
Símákòòndè is an unwritten language spoken by the Mozambican communities settled in Unguja (archipelago of Zanzibar) and in Tanga (Tanzania mainland). It belongs to the Bantu family and has not previously been analyzed in depth. This language is one of the existing dialects of Makonde (P 23 in Guthrie's classification). In comparison with the other languages of the area, it presents some original aspects that this study tries to highlight. This study is based on first-hand data, collected during several field trips in Tanzania (islands and mainland). It presents different aspects of the morphology and tonology of símákòòndè and is divided into five chapters: accent, tones and phonemics, nominal morphology, verbal morphology, nominal tonology and verbal tonology. This study also features a símákòòndè-French and a French-símákòòndè lexicon
Blakqori, Teutë. "Le groupe nominal en albanais : morphologie, syntaxe, interprétation." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/175828784#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
The goal of this dissertation is to provide a description of the noun phrase and to correlate interpretation and morphosyntax. Traditional grammars of Albanian distinguish between two surface forms of the noun: a "determined" form (e shquar) and a determinerless/ "undetermined" form (e pashquar). Two observations may be made from the data (both drawn from attested texts or discourse, and elicited), namely, that contrary to expectation, a some "undetermined" noun phrases are open to "definite" readings and (ii) that, to some extent, the distribution of "undetermined" noun phrases corresponds to that of bare nouns in other languages. The analysis of Albanian determinerless noun phrases as bare nouns sheds some light on their distributional and interpretative properties. The present study is also concerned with the following topics: (i) the interpretations available for definite DPs — weak definite, strong definite and generic (ii) demonstrative noun phrases (iii) the ‘connective article’, which I analyse as an agreement marker signalling that an inflected noun phrase has raised to the left of some modifier
Seghrouchni, Driss. "Les schèmes morphologiques de l'arabe sur la base des travaux des grammairiens arabes." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30018.
Our researches about koranic readings, lexicon, phonology, morphology and also, about the spelling of the arabic language have permitted us to formulate an hypothesis about the vowel (a) which we have called "hypothesis of the splitting of (a). This considers this neutral vowel as a syncretic element which can split itself like the following : a i u : this hypothesis allowed us to build some diagrams that resolve the problems of schemes in arabic. Indeed, our diagrams bring an answer to laxism ascertained by different analysis practised on this language. We will show that this laxism is relevant to the system. Our hypothesis permits an approach of arabic morphology problems with a different method of analysis practised by the traditionnal grammar. It motivates the schemes formation which are not promoted as in certain generative, without justification at the rank of templates
Becker, Thomas. "Analogie und morphologische Theorie /." München : W. Fink, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37148746h.
Mauth, Krestin. "Morphology in speech comprehension : een wetenschappelijke proeve op het gebied van de sociale wetenschappen /." Nijmegen (Pays-Bas) : [S.n.], 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39082286v.
Ayaou, Jamila. "Constructions complétives et interrogatives indirectes en arabe standard et maghrébin." Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN21003.
For a long time, the Arabic grammarians were interested to the study of the clauses and particularly to the phenomenon of the complex clauses. The complex clauses are presented by particles which make a relation between the matrix and the insert. The movements in the completive are more frequent in standard Arabic than Maghreb Arabic. These movements are able to displace one element all the subordinate. The movement of np or who-question let a trace which inherits the case of the displaced constituent. The rules of the movement arrange the clause so that the rules of the assignation of the functions arrange the constituents and undertake the clause order
Jendraschek, Gerd. "Les notions modales de possibilité et de capacité en basque : morphologie, syntaxe, sémantique, variations diachronique et sociolinguistique." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20044.
'Possibility' can be defined as a functional domain corresponding to an array of structures that we have described for Basque. This description is based on several corpora of written Basque, representing mainly the standard(s), but also regional and classical varieties. These corpora, as well as informant work with several native speakers, have shown a great deal of variation, both synchronically and diachronically. One way of expressing possibility in Basque is by means of a special set of auxiliaries. These do not distinguish epistemic from non-epistemic possibility, but media language makes frequent use of specific markers. Only the most frequent of the auxiliary forms can resist to gradual obsolescence. This evolution must be seen in connection with the external history of Basque, which is caracterized by dialect levelling, attrition, and creolization
Le, Nestour Patrick. "De la morpho-syntaxe aux relations socio-enonciatives. L'exemple du japonais." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070007.
The description of a particular language is generally based on morpho-syntactic markers, traditionally in relation to textual categories rather than oral items. Among others, in japanese, notions of injunction (opposed to imperative, limited by modal and tense fixity), of kinship (linked to age and status), of plurality (opposed to western plural), or of socioenunciative relations (opposed to honorificity, source of confusion), are to be considered from the point of view of enunciation, in respect to the relation established by the speaker with the socioenunciative positions of his co-speakers and other addressees, potential, present or mentionned
Moujib, Ilham. "Les pluriels brisés issus des quinquilitères et des sextilitères en arabe et l'association directionnelle." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081117.
The starting point of my study is the left-to-right association theory of mccathy (1979). According to him, the quadriliteral plurals derived from quinquiliteral singulars, offer crucial arguments for left-to-right association theory. The analysis of over 240 nouns shows that this theory is empirically refuted. I have brought to evidence that formation of quinquiliteral and sextiliteral broken plurals involve a lot of rules. Then, i led an enquiry among educated arabic speakers. The results proved that the derivation of arabic broken plurals is vey different from mccarthy's theory. These results have also allowed us to establish that contemporary speakers are unable to derive correct broken plurals, even if they only erase the last segment. Finally i suggest a new analysis according to which arabic broken plurals are derived from quadriliteral bases
Pantcheva, Daniéla. "Etude linguistique d'"Ysaye Le Triste" : morphologie nominale et verbale." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30061.
The romance of "Ysay͏̈e le Trist" is a voluminous novel from the late Middle ages edited by André Giacchetti (Publications de l'Université de Rouen N° 142). Its systematic linguistic description gives the reader the possibility to acess the text with greater ease and to complete usefully the documentation of the litterary prose. The size of the material to be treated and the desire of exhaustiveness required the creation of a KWIX concordance after having collected the text with the basic manuscript (ms 2524 Darmstadt). Phonetic and lexical observations are scattered throughout the whole thesis. Sub-systems are studied in their reciprocal relationships
Ayyūb, Ǧūrǧīn Milner Jean-Claude. "La question de la phrase nominale en arabe littéraire : prédicats, figures, catégories /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41153551t.
Ollomo, Ella Régis. "Description linguistique du shiwa, langue bantu du Gabon. : phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe, lexique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030129/document.
The present work is a linguistic description of the Shiwa, a Bantu language of northeastern Gabon. The thesis has three parts preceded by a general introduction. It places the Shiwa and Shiwa in their geographical, sociolinguistic and sociocultural environment. The introduction also presents the data used and the conditions of their collection.Phonetics and phonology part use the functionalist perspective. Shiwa has many phonetic realisations, a complex phonological system and six tones. Phonetic complexity is related to the monosyllabisation. It generates complex consonants, palatalized, labialized, affricates, centralized and nasalized vowels. The phonological system has multiple mechanisms of free, combinatorial and contextual variations.The morphology is based on the London School methods. It brings to light a system with classical Bantu agreements system. However, the language has few classes and agreements marks. It uses the same singular prefixes for all classes.The lexicon contain 1104 words, transcribed, segmented, classified by class and linking to the audio Annex.In addition to the elements of linguistic description, the thesis includes a sound data. This contain a part of data collected during our investigations: ten hours of recordings on specialized lexicons, questionnaires and stories
Ruttik, Ada. "Les fonctions sémantiques des suffixes diminutifs : cas du français et de l'estonien." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20110.
This thesis is a comparative analysis of certain fundamental semantic functions of the diminutive suffixes in French and Estonian. We argue that there are two distinct types of substantive-forming diminutive suffixes in both French and Estonian : modifying and distinctive suffixes. The first type create diminutives which may take on a wide range of values according to the context, from the hypocoristic to the pejorative, including, for exemple the euphemistic, the ironic, or the plain modest. Thus in Estonian, jõeke 'small river' may express either an affectionate attitude (a pretty little river) or contempt (a little river that compares unfavorably with other, bigger and more powerful rivers). The second group have a single value, denoting either small size (e. G. Aiglet , aiglon 'eaglet, young eagle' ; carafon 'small jug') or qualitative inferiority (e. G. Certain diminutives in French which are not used hypocoristically : avocaillon 'counsel-DIM, bad counsel', écrivaillon 'writer-DIM, scribbler', ministricule 'minister-DIM'). These are best seen as hyponymic diminutives, designating "a particular kind of X"
Voiriot-Cordary, Noëlle. "Acquisition et gestion de la morphologie verbale flexionnelle en français à l'entrée au lycée." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOL002.
Within the field of the linguistics of writing, our work aims ar describing the processes by which 15 – year – old students grade 9 – 10 or classe de seconde in French Lycees) deal with the spelling of verb tense markers. Our corpus is composed of written work by students and also includes metagraphical comments collected during informal interviews in which the students were asked about their perceptions of verb forms. Our method and objective in the first part was to understand spelling problems as they arose in the course of writing, and describe the way the students analysed and coped and coped with such problems while writing. The students verb forms were then classified according to linguistic principles in order to determine how verbal morphological configurations affected the appearance of spelling errors. It was then possible to draw the outline of a whole system of errors in which homophony between verb forms played a central role. This constituted our second part. The metagraphical comments made it possible to discover processes that played an important part in the student’s spelling decisions. While verb forms will vary according to context, students are prone to systematizing forms and write verbs as if they were accepted set units, an economical way of dealing with the problem of homophony in verb endings. When they notice frequent occurrences, students pick up similarities which they reasoning. Extralinguistic factors in which reasoning relies on referential contents also have to be taken into account. All those viewpoints on language do not follow a linear course in which one could notice gradual stages in the implementation of spelling skills. Far from excluding one another, these viewpoints interact in the spelling decision, as discussed in our third part. Graphic ontogenesis finally brings out the various means by which learners come to terms with the way language works
Ingouacka, Guy Cyr Rufin. "Conjonction et cohésion discursive en anglais : étude psychosystématique." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040032.
The work deals with discursive cohesion by leans of conjunctives in English, that is coordinative and subordinative conjunctions, linking adverbs and prepositions. We term that type of cohesion connexion, a transpredicative connexion because it is expressed by transpredicative words. Only coordinative and subordinative conjunctions have been examined properly. The formers can be defined as words bearing potentially in tongue a double phoric movement. In speech, it simultaneously refers to two elements placed before and after it. The latters are for the most part "nominalisateurs". They also link two linguistic elements that is the nominalized and the non nominalized, expressing then the nature of their link. The way conjunctives are used in a text, a speech etc. . . Can characterized a writer
Massot, Benjamin Barra Jover Mario. "Français et diglossie." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/MassotThese.pdf.
Galli, Hugues. "Echappée en morphologie dérivationnelle : approche épistémologique de la discipline avec application au préfixe français "en-."." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2006/GALLI_Hugues_2006.pdf.
This study in derivational morphology contains two parts : the first one is devoted to an epistemological investigation that takes place within linguistic analyses about words formation in France and in other countries, specifically focused on the prefixation process ; the second part of this issue, more empirical than the first one, is supposed to be an illustration of the theoretical purpose based on both diachronic and synchronic analysis and scan results comparison. This kind of prefixation ensues from the « spatial » prefixation, because the prefix en- possess a semantic instruction shift towards the word’s inside. After a series of linguistic operations with complex word’s stems, the semantic shift can be real or abstract (change of state)
Tsigou, Maria. "La personne grammaticale en grec description et analyse." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H088.
Delplanque, Alain. "La langue dagara : essai de semiologie linguistique." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070008.
Chastagner, Nadine. "Approche synchronique de l'attribution du genre grammatical français." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H089.
Our research concerns the functioning of french grammratical gender assignment in a synchronic perspective. On a corpus of man recent vocabularies (current, informatics et internet, social languages), we show that grammatical gender as formel object is corditionned by differents types of factors (structural, oragmatic, subjective, cognitive). The assigned mechanisms described although localized and relatives are structured according to micro-systems in which different types of logics are implicated. Such a purpose has required a method adapted no the functioning divided and multiple of gender. This one confronts the phenomenons relating no lexical production with their sociolinguistics variations and phenomenons relating to reception by inquiry with one hundred persons
Piel, Amélie-Anne. "Les déictiques déclinables et indéclinables de l'espagnol médiéval: étude synchronique." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040102.
The declinable and indeclinable deictics of medieval Spanish are organized within two systems which are linked through morphology and semantics. Our study will be developed into three parts. First, we will put the linguistic problem of the deictics back within a problematic: the importance of the signifier as the expression of the thorough structure of the language. After the analysis of the epideictic particle aqu, we will show the relationship between each one of the five demonstrative forms of old spanish. We will put the emphasis on the simultaneous functioning of two subsystems used to actualise the substantive, one made of the deictic forms este and ese, the other made of aquel and the definite article. Finally, studying the adverbs of place will bring to light on the one hand the part played by the consonant [k] / [λ] as the signifier of a binary semantic opposition, on the other hand the link between the demonstrative and the adverbs of place
Faust, Noam. "Forme et fonction dans la morphologie nominale de l'hébreu moderne : études en morpho-syntaxe." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070104.
This dissertation treats nominal patterns in Modem Hebrew (henceforth MH). In it, I explore the two following claims: 1)Words are built in Syntax. 2)The form of a word is indicative of its syntactic structure. It follows from the conjunction of the two claims that the form of a word is less arbitrary than it might seem, because it an be motivated by the syntactic structure of the word. Inversely, the (morpho-)syntactic structure of word can be detected through the examination of the form of that word. In the dissertation, I show several cases in which this approach to morphology is invalidated through its capacity to motivate the distribution of signifiants in the language. My main conclusion is that the form of a word, however arbitrary, is often not accidental: it can be motivated synchronically. The first part of the dissertation deals with exclusively phonological processes. I examine vocalic alternation between two different vowels or between a vowel and Ø (=syncope or epenthesis). The following three analytic chapters deal with different aspects of MH morpho-syntax. In chapter 4 I study unaffixed nouns and draw conclusions for Phase Theory chapter 5 examines the various suffixes of MH and the processes related to them. Finally, in the last chapter I turn to nouns that are related to verbs: participles, m-nouns, infinitives and agentives. In these chapters, homophony and allomorphy are shown to be non-arbitrary. These three chapters ail point to a non-trivial dependency between form (phonology) and function (syntactic structure). The dissertation thus lends support to (1&2) above
Hajrullau, Bashkim. "La concordance des temps dans les langues romanes : une spécificités de l’italien : l’expression du futur dans le passé (deux morphologies: ia/-ebbe ; aspect immanent / aspect transcendant)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040100.
The Italian language uses the compound form of the conditional in certain syntactic constructions (ex. Mi ha detto che sarebbe venuto) whereas other Romance languages use a simple form in order to express future in the past (ex. : Me dijo que vendría ; Il m’a dit qu’il viendrait, etc. ). This work comprises three parts. The first part is a review of the theoretical viewpoints offered by the grammar books and linguists with regard to this problem of the Italian syntax. Thus one of the most widely spread explanations according to which the simple form of the conditional refers to an event which has already happened whereas the compound form refers to an event which has not happened is insufficient. By drawing on examples from a large corpus of literature we are going to show that the compound form may be used in both cases. The second part gives a historical overview in which we are going to show that this phenomenon is much older than we are led to believe by the grammar books. It appeared for some time in the spoken language (14th century) and much later in the literary language (16th-17th centuries). It was under the great influence of classical authors such as Dante, Petrarca and even Boccaccio that writers remained loyal to the model of sequences of tenses, which was identical to other Romance languages and imposed by the great “trecentisti”. It was not until some writers rose against these archaic attitudes, such as Crusca for example, that this phenomenon started to appear in the literary language. We believe that its firm entry into the modern Italian literature is due to authors such as Alessandro Manzoni and Antonio Fogazzaro, who used both forms of the conditional : the first one however tended to use primarily the simple form whereas the latter very clearly reversed this tendency. Yet, Italian is the only Romance language in which from the start the verbo-temporal system recognised a “double birth of the conditional” that is to say a double morphology : (-ia), which is older and (-ebbe) which became established through the written form by the Florentine writers. More importantly, we argue that there is a fundamental difference between the conditional with the form -ia (ex : verria) and the conditional with the form -ebbe (ex : verrebbe). Their structure is not the same because the first one is built from the imperfect and the second one from the preterite. Here we are thinking of their internal structure, more precisely the position of the observer who is not the same in the two tenses. Finally, through a contrastive analysis we explain why the Italian conditional does not comply with the location of the tense of the observer, which is the case in other Romance languages, but it assumes the location of the tense of the speaker, which we are going to refer to as a “double location”, and which according to our hypothesis is due to the superposition of the two forms -ia (imperfect) and -ebbe (preterite) in the course of centuries
Russo, Domenico. "A propos des indéfinis en italien contemporain." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070185.
The analysis of the indefinites in contemporary italian shows that it is necessary to construct the grammatical category of italian's determination. In its first part, the thesis resumes 166 indefinite forms including examples. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the form uno (pronominal), alcuno and qualunque describing them in terms of "marqueurs d'opérations prédicatives et énonciatives" (Culioli)
Tribout, Delphine. "Les conversions de nom à verbes et de verbes à nom en français." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070080.
In the theoretical framework of the lexematic morphology, the thesis is devoted to two lexeme-formation processes in French: noun to verb conversion and verb to noun conversion. Both formal and semantic properties of the two processes are presented and a formal representation is proposed within HPSG's framework. First, the two main properties of conversion are discussed, namely the phonological identity between the two lexemes and the fact that they belong to different parts-of-speech. The data which are cases of conversion according to these two properties are delimited. Then the problem of the directionality of conversion is examined and the criteria which are usually used to determine the directionality of conversion are evaluated. The thesis argues that these criteria are not satisfactory, and a new reliable criterion is proposed, which relies on the morphological analysis of the lexemes. Other clues to the directionality of conversion are evaluated, but the conclusion is that often the directionality of the derivation cannot be determined by means of linguistic criteria. Finally, morphophonological and semantic properties of both conversions are examined, and a formal representation of allomorphies and semantics is proposed within HPSG's framework
Boudard, Patrice. ""Intercompréhension entre locuteurs de l'Union européenne : exemple entre locuteurs du français et locuteurs du slovaque"." Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0014.
Description of the principles of the mutual comprehension and the research projects referring itself to it, in the European Union (and in Latin America) and their applications. They are classified: Passive knowledge (receptive competences) and interactive communication. The first act on formal linguistics and the seconds more use the extra-linguistic one witgh the assistance of linguistic psychology. The linguistic conditions between Romance and Slavic languages with examples of Slovak or Czech is established. We exploited the results of work of linguistic engineering of Patrice Pognan and Diana Lemay. Then, tools, methods ans strategies will be proposed. A total diagram of teaching in conformity with the concept of mutual comprehension is presented, and the list of the international, governmental or not governmental organizations concerned. To conclude a priority list from strategies, methods and tools is established
Sawadogo, Tasséré Emmanuel. "Algorithmes de la différenciation et de la symétrisation en mòoré." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA1028.
This work is a systematic study of two morpho-lexical items of mòoré language: tι and me. The framework used is the Theory of Enunciative Operations (TEO) developed by Antoine CULIOLI. In TEO framework, linguistics is defined as the scientific study of language activity and linguistic forms are understood as markers of brain activities/operations. Thus, the definition of the schematic form of each morpho-lexical unit is considered as the purpose of any linguistic study. The schematic form is a metalinguistic representation or simulation of an operation that links one shape to several empirical semantic values and vice-versa. Therefore, the schematic form appears to be a conceptual tool when dealing with semantic variation. The analysis of these two morpho-lexical items of mòoré language come out with the conclusion that tι and me are respectively markers of the operation of dissociation and operation of transfer. The High tone that tι and me can bear is a trace of disconnection operation in mòoré. The Low tone that can bear tι is defined as a default tone in mòoré language. This study also revealed the asymmetric relation between operation and operator: for one operation, at least one operator and one operand are needed to get a single operation. Operators and operands are ranked to constitute some algorithms. An algorithm is a ranked set of operators
Mascherin, Laurent Apothéloz Denis. "Analyse morphosémantique de l'aspectuo-temporalité en français le cas du préfixe RE- /." S. l. : Université Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc280/2007NAN21011.pdf.
Brul, Willem van den. "Les verbes de modalité en néerlandais contemporain." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040168.
After a summary of the verbal system in Dutch, with its temporal, aspectual and modal values, there follows a description of the invariant operations that form the bases of all modal verb usage (zullen, moeten, kunnen, mogen, willen) when expressing necessity, possibility and will, as well as the future with zullen
Aref, Mohammed. "Etude des différences morphosyntaxiques entre l'arabe écrit et l'arabe parlé en Egypte." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030103.
The aim of this study is to surround and to interpret the main morphosyntactic differences between written arabic and spoken arabic in the light of the principales that oppose in general linguistics the written language and the spoken language. The selected points for this comparison are the next : case endings, number, gender, annexion structures, relative structures, personal pronouns, verbal system, negation, subordination, interrogation, and numerals. For us, the arabic dialects does not descend from classical arabic, and for that we reject the theory of pidginization. We prefere to search the origin of arabic dialects in the middle arabic. We demonstrate the ancient character of some points in colloquial arabic with regard to litterary arabic
Sarica, Mustafa. "Analyse des marqueurs modo-temporels dans la forme verbale composée en turc de Turquie." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030101.
Our study concerns suffixes used in the training of verbal forms. This work has allowed us to release properties that concern morphological, semantic and intonative dimensions, of these suffixes. We have studied in detail the form, the sense and the melody in verbal forms that use these suffixes for the expression of the time and the mode. After having known all the variations of all suffixes, we have past to the semantic study where we have tried to release modals and temporal values of these markers in the utterances borrowed to the daily language. From real contexts, we have tried to discover conditions that necessitate such or such verbal form to fill the good function. The intonative analysis completes the study of modal and temporal suffixes. After having analyzed the form and the sense at these suffixes, we have studied the intonative aspect of verbal forms through the utterances extracted of an oral corpus. The turkish utterance presents it self usually following the order of word (s)ov. But the speaker can change places of these elements according to demands of its context. Then even a predicate can appear in head of the statement. But, in most of the utterances the order of words is standard. They are at the end, and the descent of the declarative statement realizes on the last suffix of the combination. Therefore, what marks the operation of assertion, is the last marker of the combination. Consequently, this research has allowed to put in obviousness the fact that intonative variations that allocate the last two suffixes of the verb in the turkish oral statement are not linked to semantic values of markers, but on the contrary they indicate always the modal position of the speaker
Panayotou, Anna. "La langue des inscriptions grecques de Macédoine (IVe s. A. C. -VIIe s. P. C. ) : phonétique, phonologie et morphologie." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21013.
This thesis aims to present a grammar of the Greek inscriptions of a region, Macedonia, nowadays divided between Greece, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. The main part of the study examines the phonology and suprasegmental problems of the reconstructed spoken language together with the morphology, morphosyntactic problems, composition and derivation. General conclusions are added. The grammar is preceded by an introduction dealing with:-general principles and methodological problems concerning the study and reconstruction of a language based on written sources. The adoption by Macedonians of the attic version of the koine as official written language that gradually took the place of the local Greek dialect even in everyday usage. - The historical context of the Macedonian inscriptions. -The ancient sources about the language of the Macedonians. - The views of modern scholars about the Macedonian language and the influence of the actual political problems. -the epigraphically activity concerning the Macedonian inscriptions. -problems concerning the script. Repertory of letter-forms from dated inscriptions in the period covered. The last section of the study includes a catalogue of the inscriptions used, grouped par region, preceded by references to the archaeological material found at each important site and followed by and index referring back to the pages where a discussion of each inscription may be found. The study ends with an index of the most important Greek forms
Renault, Richard. "Recherches en syntaxe du finnois : les desinences personnelles." Paris 8, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA080613.
This thesis deals with some aspects of finnish syntax in the theorical framework of generative grammar (theory of government and binding). The distribution of null subjets is connected to a typology of personal category (pronouns, pronominal clitics and personal endings), and to the the relationship between subject and agreement. Our analysis rests on the morphological properties of agreement, and on the syntactic and semantic constraints of the coreferential interpretation of the third person empty pronoun. The study of null subjects is extended to coordinate sentences introuced by a particle on the conjugated negative morpheme. The analysis proposed for this particle shows that this ki d of bound moprhemes must be seen as a self-contained constituant at all levels of syntactic representation. As for others morphemes, like personal and case endings, they must be analyzed as morphological affixes whose function is to exhibit a structural dependency between two constituants. The analysis proposed for simple sentences and for non-finite clauses refers to this morphological distinction, and allows consequently to reduce the differential properties betwwen sentences and clauses
Kerroum, Ahmed. "Le quadrilatère en arabe : étude descriptive à partir de l'arabe classique et de l'arabe marocain." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H058.
The study of the "quadruple" in arabe is often ignored for the sake of the triple. However, there should be noted that this form may give towards the enrichment of the arabic language and, in so doning, help it catch up with the scientific and technological evolution. In this work, i have reviewed the most important researchs devoted to the study of the root in arabic and to the procedure "naht" which i have opted to call "collision". In the analytical part I have put forward the different types of the quadruple form and then proceeded to a deep morphological analysis of it. I have equally emphasized the role that the process of collision can play in neologism of arabic. In the chapeter of semantic analysis i have tried to put up the pertinent traits of the quadruple. I have inderlined as well the role which the phonic factor can play in the use and formation of the quadruple
Tzoukermann, Evelyne. "Morphologie et génération automatique du verbe français : implémentation d'un module conversationnel." Paris, INALCO, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INAL0004.
Habtoor, Mohamed Nasser. "L'arabe parlé à Ġ̇aylhabban : phonologie et morphologie." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030010.
In spite of the appearance of the studies concerning the dialects of yaman in an early period, the arabic spoken in gayl habban has never been studied. Neverthless, it possesses linguistics characteristics very important and very special, such as the pronounciation of the phomen 1 wich corresponds to what was descriped by the arab grammarians concerning the pronounciation of the in classical arabic, as well as the presence and the absance of the hamzah which charatarise some arabic dialects of the preislam period. This thesis is consecrated to study the arabic spoken in gayl habban in the point of view phonological and morphological. The syntax is not neglicted, but the answer is found during the analysis morphological because the syntax and the morphology are tow adherent fields in linguistics. This thesis es divided in two pats : - in the first, is studied the phomens of the studied dialect. I employed them in minimal pairs in order to prove their phonological identity. I studiad the structure of the syl- lable as well as the stress in this part. -the second part is consecrated to the morphological study in the arabic of gayl habban. So i studied the verb, the noun and the other elements of centence as well as their role in the speech
Strnadová, Jana. "Les réseaux adjectivaux : sur la grammaire des adjectifs dénominaux en français." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070028.
This dissertation studies suffixal derivation of adjectives from nouns in French. I first present the data under investigation : a lexicon of about 15,000 adjectives, 40% of which may be considered denominal. In order to assess the position of denominal adjectives in the more general adjectival system, I present a classification of French adjectives on the basis of their morphological properties. In the process, I spot cases where the fringes of the class of denominals are unclear. In a second step, I present a study of the formai and semantic properties of a subset of denominal adjectives which is selected on the basis of the type frequency of formai patterns of alternation between base and derivative. I describe the phonological and morphological properties of base nouns. This leads to the observation of morphological niches, where the presence of a particular suffix in the base attracts a particular adjectival suffix. In addition, I show that one adjective may simultaneously entertain a derivational relation with more than one member of its morphological These observations finally lead me to question the view that derivation is binary and strictly oriented, and more specifically that each denominal adjective is associated with a unique base. I propose to analyze the formation of denominal adjectives in terms of cumulative patterns recording regularities that may be observed in a set of lexemes of any size. I thus show that adjectives participate in networks relying on more than two elements. At a more abstract level, I observe that patterns rely on sonne recurrent semantic relations
Mardale, Alexandru-Daniel. "Les prépositions fonctionnelles du roumain : étude comparative." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070053.
This PhD dissertation has two main aims : (i) define the nature of prepositions in general and characterize functional prepositions in contrast with prepositions known as lexical prepositions ; (ii) describe and explain the syntactic behavior (categorial status and syntactic function) of functional prepositions in Romanian. Adopting a comparative approach, we propose that prepositions are a semilexical category, that is, a category displaying heterogenous properties: lexical and functional at thé same time. One can thus distinguish two subclasses of prepositions : one in which the lexical character is more prominent, and one with a more prominent functional character. We point out that the prepositions known as lexical may be analyzed as predicates assigning a theta role to their complement. Conversely, functional prepositions are not predicates, do not assign theta roles to their complements and do not project prepositional phrases; instead their projections are of the same categorial nature as their complement's. We then examine the functional prepositions a, de, la and pe in Romanian. More precisely, we analyze the phenomenon known as differential object marking, as well as constructions in which morphological case marking alternates with functional prepositional marking. The empirical generalizations that we propose take into account both the syntactic and the semantic properties of functional prepositions, their complements and their projections
Estevam, Adriana Machado. "Morphosyntaxe du xavante : langue jê du Mato Grosso (Brésil)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070053.
This thesis offers a morphosyntactic description of the Xavante language, spoken in the state of Mato Grosso (Brazil) and part of the je languages, of the macro-jê stock. The first chapter is concerned with parts of speech and shows the distinction between nominal, verbal, adverbial lexemes, postpositions and particles. The second chapter consists of the morphological component of the grammar and accounts for the formal, flexional and constructional characteristics of nominal and verbal lexemes. The following chapter deals with syntactic issues : it describes the internal structure and syntactic fonctions of constituents (phrases and clauses). Some observations on the informational structure of the sentence are given in the last chapter. In conclusion, we propose a few diachronic hypotheses which attempt to offer a general perspective on certain aspects of the language
Camussi-Ni, Marie-Armelle Le Bot Marie-Claude. "Analyse formelle et conceptuelle des formes verbales du français contemporain à la croisée du passé simple et de l'imparfait, du futur et du conditionnel, les concepts "± potentiel" et "± défini" /." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179141/fr.
Sumien, Dominique. "La standardisation pluricentrique de l'occitan : nouvel enjeu sociolinguistique, développement du lexique et de la morphologie." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30076.
In spite of the substitution, the Occitan language knows a timid functional development that justifies standard varieties, according to language planning. This thesis focuses especially on lexicon and morphology. The issues concerning standardization are analyzed: diglossic myths that affect the recovery of Occitan, critical appraisal of previous prescriptive works. A fresh look is taken at the diasystem: lexematic, morphemic and spatial aspects. As a result, there are 7 coordinated regional standards: Gascon, Lemosin, Auvernhat, Vivaro-Alpine, General Provençal, Niçard and Lengadocian. The latter is also the general standard or ‘Occitan Larg'. Some detailed principles of lexicography and standardization are brought forward: requirements for a real lexicography, criteria for codification and enhancement, evolutive regularity. Finally, some tangible applications are displayed: grammatical forms, basic lexicon, proper nouns, women's job names, abbreviations and terminology