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1
Shubat, Pamela J., Kelly Albright Raatz, and Roberta A. Olson. "Fish Consumption Advisories and Outreach Programs for Southeast Asian Immigrants." Toxicology and Industrial Health 12, no. 3-4 (May 1996): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200314.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Southeast Asian immigrants and refugees, in particular the Hmong people of Laos, have settled in large numbers in metropolitan areas of Minnesota. These communities, accustomed to hunting and fishing for food in Laos, now fish in some of the most contaminated waters of Minnesota. Fishing and fish- preparation customs of their homeland emphasize using all fish caught and discarding very little waste. These practices result in a potentially high exposure to PCBs and mercury. Educational outreach efforts to inform this population of the potential health hazards from consuming the fish are hindered by language and cultural barriers. While most Hmong anglers welcome information about contaminants and fishing, the typical press releases and mailings that convey fish advisory information to the public do not reach this community. The Minnesota Department of Health and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources collaborated to determine the health messages and communication methods that would best meet the needs of these communities. Using the results of interviews and a behavioral survey, the Minnesota Department of Health has tailored fish consumption advisories to meet the unique needs of Southeast Asian anglers. Over the past four years, educational programs involving specialized advisories, translations, signs, a Hmong language video, and workshops have been used to inform Hmong anglers and other Southeast Asians about fish contaminants.
2
Zhang, Weidong. "Bridging Hmong/Miao, Extending Miaojiang: Divided Space, Translocal Contacts, and the Imagination of Hmongland." Cultural Diversity in China 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdc-2016-0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractOver the past several decades, the Hmong communities scattered around the world and their co-ethnic Miao ethnic group in China came into close contact. This paper explores the nature and dynamics of this encounter as well as the connections and ties that have been rediscovered and reestablished between the Hmong in diaspora and the Miao in China, two groups long separated by time and distance, and the impact and implications this entails. Based on three-month fieldwork in the Hmong/Miao communities across Southwest China and Southeast Asia, this paper examines the ever increasing movement of people and materials, as well as symbolic flows on the one hand, and connections and linkages between different localities on the other hand. It discusses how this new fast-changing development contributes to a new translocal imagination of Hmong community, re-territorialization of a new continuous Hmong space, a Hmongland encompassing Southwest provinces of China and northern part of Southeast Asian countries, and what it means to the Hmong/Miao people in the region. It further discusses how the emerging translocal imagination of the Hmong/Miao community will produce unique translocal subjects and how it interacts with the nation-states they belong to.
3
Dinh, Khanh T., and Phi Loan Le. "The Effects of War and Migration Trauma on Southeast Asian Families in the United States." Journal of Education and Culture Studies 3, no. 3 (July 4, 2019): p227. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jecs.v3n3p227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This review article focuses on Southeast Asian (SEA) families, which include Vietnamese, Laotian, Hmong, and Cambodian ethnic groups, comprising about three million people in the United States. Although many differences exist among SEAs, they share experiences of war and migration-related trauma and losses that continue to have long-term effects on their families and individual well-being within and across generations. Research and practice work with SEA families and individuals requires in depth knowledge of their experiences before, during, and after migration to the U.S. This article on SEA families, although not exhaustive in its coverage, highlights the following topics: SEA populations in the U.S., migration history, resettlement and adaptation in the U.S., mental health issues of SEAs, traditional SEA family, migration and family formation, migration and family relationships, migration and family in later life, and implications for research and practice with SEA families and individuals.
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Eiden, Mary Kate, Abhinab Kc, Michael Evans, and Alexander A. Boucher. "Analysis of New Pediatric Thalassemia Diagnoses between 2010-2019 in a University System and Comparisons with Statewide Demography of Minnesota." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-137597.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction Thalassemias are common inherited hematologic disorders worldwide, and with increasing migration, its prevalence evolves in different countries. However, community prevalence across most of the United States is unknown. Minnesota, particularly Minneapolis/St. Paul, has a relatively large community of immigrant families, with focal ethnic clusters of Karen and Hmong individuals from Southeast Asia, Liberia, and neighboring countries in Western Sub-Saharan Africa. Statewide data show that these ethnic minority populations have grown in the past decade; it is unknown whether thalassemia prevalence mirrors these migration trends. This report aims to quantify the demography and disease characteristics of children with thalassemia mutations seen at University of Minnesota/M Health Fairview (MHF) diagnosed between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019. Methods An institutional review board-approved electronic medical record (EMR) review was undertaken. Patients born on or after January 1, 2001 were included if they received medical care within the MHF system and thalassemia status could be confirmed. The prevalence by thalassemia type, demography, language, treatment details, and specialist involvement were detailed. A patient's ethnicity determination was defaulted to "American" if the ethnicity and/or immigration country of origin going back at least two generations could not be confirmed via EMR. The trends of new diagnoses over the decade were reviewed and compared to available state demography data trends. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed for the full group and by thalassemia type. Results A total of 404 patients met inclusion criteria, representing 48 country or region-specific ethnicities, 17 known countries of birth, and 30 separate languages. The most prevalent immigrant ethnicities were Karen (15%), Hmong (10%), and Vietnamese (5%), representing the 14th, 2nd, and 6th-largest immigrant communities in the state, respectively (www.mncompass.org). In Minnesota, the Asian population grew by 32% (69,800 people) between 2010-2018 (Minnesota State Demographic Center, https://mn.gov/admin/demography/data-by-topic/age-race-ethnicity/). The overall number of thalassemia diagnoses also increased over the decade, with Karen patients representing the largest proportional increase over the available time frame (Figure 1). Including both trait and disease, alpha thalassemias were more frequently diagnosed than beta thalassemias (63% versus 37%). Of the alpha thalassemias, 79% were suspected or confirmed 1-2 gene deletions based on newborn screening. Eleven (2.7%) had hemoglobin (Hb) H disease and 2 (0.5%) had alpha thalassemia major. Beta thalassemia intermedia, beta thalassemia major, and HbE were collectively 5.4% of all patients, 59% of whom were transfusion-dependent. Genetic confirmation was performed for 10.4% of all thalassemias. Those with alpha thalassemias were more ethnically diverse. Aside from those categorized as "American", those with beta thalassemias were more likely to be Karen (25%), while those with alpha thalassemias were most likely to be Hmong (14.4%). Seven had chelation prescribed during the time frame and 5 underwent bone marrow transplant. Only 16% were seen by a hematologist in the MHF system, though the yearly trends of hematology care did not match the increased diagnostic rate (Figure 2). Conclusions The incidence of pediatric thalassemia diagnoses have increased over the past decade at MHF, somewhat reflecting the statewide demographic trends. However, most patients are never being seen by hematology. A caveat to the data described is the fact that MHF is 1 of 2 pediatric hospitals locally, with the other having the historically larger thalassemia patient population. Thus, while these data offer crucial insights into the potential frequency of thalassemia mutations in our state, they also are likely to significantly under-represent the local prevalence. Also, the data do not reflect the prevalence in youths diagnosed prior to 2010 or the adult prevalence, for which institutional investigations are currently ongoing. These data illuminate the need to ensure adequate educational resources and financial support for these primarily non-English-speaking communities to improve awareness for families and medical providers and offset substantial medical costs for life-saving therapies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
5
Sawanakunanon, Yanin. "Segment Timing in Twelve Southeast Asian Languages." MANUSYA 17, no. 3 (2014): 124–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01703007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In several studies the duration of segments (i.e. consonants and vowels) is measured to classify languages according to their speech rhythm. This research investigates whether Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a new method of analyzing segment-timing parameters for language classification, can be used to classify twelve Southeast Asian languages according to their timing patterns. The twelve Southeast Asian languages examined are Malay, Cebuano, Standard Thai, Southern Thai, Tai Yuan, Vietnamese, Hmong, Mien, Burmese, Sgaw Karen, Mon and Khmer.
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Go, Charles G., and Thao N. Le. "Gender Differences in Cambodian Delinquency: The Role of Ethnic Identity, Parental Discipline, and Peer Delinquency." Crime & Delinquency 51, no. 2 (April 2005): 220–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128704273466.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Contrary to the model minority stereotype, Asian youth are increasingly becoming more involved in crime and delinquency. For instance, in the California Youth Authority, Southeast Asian adolescents are disproportionately represented, including Cambodian, Hmong, and Lao and Mien youth. However, few studies have focused on factors that are associated with Southeast Asian adolescent delinquency. Using a Cambodian adolescent sample, this study found significant gender similarities as well as differences. In both groups, peer delinquency was significantly associated with juvenile delinquency. However, for males, ethnic identity search was also a significant factor whereas for females, parental discipline was significant. These findings argue for the need to consider gender differences in conducting research and intervention programs for Cambodians and generally, for Southeast Asian adolescents. These results also suggest a need for more research, not only with respect to gender differences, but also on how they are similar to their Southeast Asian, Asian, and U.S. counterparts.
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Ishihara, Kohei. "An Agenda for Policy Change: Participatory Research and Data Collection by Southeast Asian Youth." AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 9, no. 1-2 (2011): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus9.1-2_29-36_ishihara.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a policy-making world that is influenced by “model minority” ideology and racial aggregate data, Southeast Asian Americans have become one of the most underrepresented and misunderstood Asian American communities. Cambodian, Laotian, and Hmong youth leaders in Providence, Rhode Island, protested this lack of representation by surveying 16 percent of the city’s Southeast Asian youth population. This data became the first of its kind to provide a quantitative and qualitative portrait of the lives and issues experienced by the city’s Southeast Asian residents. Youth leaders were trained in survey administration and data analysis in order to design and execute the survey. Survey results revealed the very intricate and oppressive realities faced by Southeast Asian youth, including lack of education, gang violence, racial profiling, inter-generational conflict, as well cultural conflict over ideas of gender and sexuality. Youth leaders used the data and a process of consensus decision making to develop a list of policy-change recommendations targeting Rhode Island decision makers and power brokers.
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Ruefle, William, William H. Ross, and Diane Mandell. "Attitudes toward Southeast Asian Immigrants in a Wisconsin Community." International Migration Review 26, no. 3 (September 1992): 877–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600306.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A telephone survey was conducted of 458 adult residents of La Crosse, Wisconsin, a community with over 2,000 Hmong immigrants, as well as lesser numbers of other Southeast Asian (SEA) immigrants. Knowledge about and attitude toward the SEA immigrants were assessed. The community was almost evenly divided in its attitude toward the new immigrants. A positive attitude toward SEAs was negatively related to ethnocentrism and positively related to economic optimism. It was also correlated with selected demographic variables. Multiple regression analyses showed that ethnocentrism accounted for a significant portion of the variance in attitude even after economic optimism and demographic background factors had been entered into the equation. Implications for policy and community attitude change are discussed.
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Kiang, Peter Nien-chu. "Checking Southeast Asian American Realities in Pan-Asian American Agendas." AAPI Nexus Journal: Policy, Practice, and Community 2, no. 1 (2004): 48–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36650/nexus2.1_48-76_kiang.
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This article is based on a briefing paper commissioned by the Harvard Civil Rights Project for a Roundtable on Emerging Asian American Civil Rights Issues held in Cambridge, Massachusetts in October 2002. I was asked to address whether subgroups within the Asian American population have been adequately served by pan-Asian American agendas, particularly in relation to civil rights advocacy, and to highlight specific instances that show both positive and negative dimensions of those dynamics. In response, I chose to focus on Southeast Asian American (Cambodian, Hmong, Lao, Mien, Vietnamese, etc.) populations who, by measures of socioeconomic status, persistent poverty, and quality of life, are the most poorly resourced ethnic constituencies within Asian America. Through analysis of issues related to educational equity, policy, and development, both nationally and locally in the state of Massachusetts, I describe ways in which Southeast Asian American realities have been neglected or ignored. In light of the ethical and empirical consequences of failing to intervene proactively in this local and national commitments have had sustained impact. Finally, I suggest some ways to account more faithfully for the needs, interests, and visions of Southeast Asian American communities in the development of pan-Asian American civil rights agendas. Underlying my argument are commitments to equity and justice rather than identity and representation per se.
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Bell, Sue, and Michael Whiteford. "Southeast Asians in the United States." Practicing Anthropology 9, no. 4 (September 1, 1987): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.9.4.b23v7133084m7821.
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Since 1975 about 1.5 million Indochinese have been granted asylum in Western countries, with about half of them coming to the United States. If all of the different ethnic groups (Cambodian, Vietnamese, Chinese-Vietnamese, Hmong, Lao, Tat Dam) are taken together, the Indochinese are now the largest Asian-origin group in the United States. Other countries taking substantial numbers of Indochinese refugees are Australia, Canada, New Zealand, France and Norway. The following papers look at Indochinese refugees in the United States and examine the roles anthropologists have played in studying as well as assisting in the often difficult process of social change and adjustment.
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Duffy, John. "Letters from the Fair City: A Rhetorical Conception of Literacy." College Composition & Communication 56, no. 2 (December 1, 2004): 223–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ccc20044042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article suggests that literacy development in immigrant, refugee, and other historically marginalized communities can be understood as a response to rhetorical struggles in contexts of civic life. To illustrate this “rhetorical conception of literacy,” the article examines a collection of anti-immigrant letters published in a Midwestern newspaper between 1985 and 1995 and the responses to these by a group of Southeast Asian Hmong refugee writers. The essay explores the relationships of content, form, language, and audience in the two sets of letters to show how the anti-immigrant rhetoric became the basis for new forms of public writing in the Hmong community.
12
Lee, Sai Q., Donald I. Templer, Jeffrey Mar, and Merle Canfield. "Social Distance and Trait Attribution among Four Southeast Asian Ethnic Groups in the United States." Psychological Reports 91, no. 1 (August 2002): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.91.1.326.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explored social distance and trait attribution and the relationship between the two variables in persons of four Southeast Asian ethnic groups. 100 Cambodians, 102 Hmong, 102 Laotians, and 101 Vietnamese in the United States were administered a modified Bogardus Social Distance Scale with respect to seven different ethnic groups (the other three Southeast Asian groups, African American, Hispanic, and White), and rated these other groups on 10 traits: friendly and likable, in good health, unattractive, law abiding, hardworking, loyal, peaceful, unfair and dishonest, unintelligent, and have good morals. Cambodians expressed willingness to have the closest social distance with Whites and Laotians and their trait attributions were more favorable for these two groups. Theoretical and practical implications were suggested.
13
Deinard, Amos S., and Timothy Dunnigan. "Hmong Health Care — Reflections on a Six-Year Experience." International Migration Review 21, no. 3 (September 1987): 857–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838702100323.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article difficulties experienced over the past six years in providing health care to Southeast Asian refugees are described. The need to involve patients in the planning process, particularly when dealing with patients who come from markedly different cultures, is discussed. The role of the bilingual interpreter is emphasized, and potential conflicts that may be encountered by them are highlighted. Shortcomings of the health care program and alternative approaches that might have resulted in better acceptance of Western health care by the refugees are detailed.
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Browne, Barbara, and Terri Leonard. "Preventing Hepatitis B and Tuberculosis Among Refugees." Practicing Anthropology 9, no. 4 (September 1, 1987): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.9.4.ex17k83l2082k77w.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although the flow of refugees to this country has declined over the past few years, a significant number of refugees continue to arrive. Since 1981, the state of Georgia has resettled an average of 1450 new arrivals yearly, bringing the total refugee population to over 10,000. Most are Southeast Asian, primarily Vietnamese but with significant numbers of Cambodians, Lao and Hmong. Georgia also resettles Ethiopians, Afghans, and refugees from various eastern European countries.
15
Buhmann, Lynn, WilliamG Elder, Bryan Hendricks, and Kristen Rahn. "A comparison of Caucasian and Southeast Asian Hmong uterine fundal height during pregnancy." Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 77, no. 5 (January 1998): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1600-0412.1998.770509.x.
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Buhmann, Lynn, William G. Elder, Bryan Hendricks, and Kristen Rahn. "A comparison of Caucasian and Southeast Asian Hmong uterine fundal height during pregnancy." Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 77, no. 5 (May 1998): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0412.1998.770509.x.
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Newbold, K. Bruce. "Refugees into Immigrants: Assessing the Adjustment of Southeast Asian Refugees in the U. S., 1975-1990." Canadian Studies in Population 29, no. 1 (December 31, 2002): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p61w21.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Embodying a differential set of skills, refugees experience varying obstacles and reception upon entry into their host country. Starting in 1975, the U.S. received large numbers of refugees from Southeast Asia. Although these arrivals are no longer labeled as ‘refugees’, their initial immigration status raises interesting questions, including whether or not they match the attainment of those who arrived in the U.S. at the same time. Using the 1980 and 1990 Public Use Microdata Files (PUMS), this paper traces the adaptation of post-1975 Southeast Asians within the U.S. through the lens of segmented assimilation. Refugee flows are disaggregated into Sino-Vietnamese, Ethnic-Vietnamese, Hmong, Cambodians, and Laotian identities and contrasted to Chinese immigrants.
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Kutanan, Wibhu, Rasmi Shoocongdej, Metawee Srikummool, Alexander Hübner, Thanatip Suttipai, Suparat Srithawong, Jatupol Kampuansai, and Mark Stoneking. "Cultural variation impacts paternal and maternal genetic lineages of the Hmong-Mien and Sino-Tibetan groups from Thailand." European Journal of Human Genetics 28, no. 11 (July 20, 2020): 1563–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-020-0693-x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The Hmong-Mien (HM) and Sino-Tibetan (ST) speaking groups are known as hill tribes in Thailand; they were the subject of the first studies to show an impact of patrilocality vs. matrilocality on patterns of mitochondrial (mt) DNA vs. male-specific portion of the Y chromosome (MSY) variation. However, HM and ST groups have not been studied in as much detail as other Thai groups; here we report and analyze 234 partial MSY sequences (∼2.3 mB) and 416 complete mtDNA sequences from 14 populations that, when combined with our previous published data, provides the largest dataset yet for the hill tribes. We find a striking difference between Hmong and IuMien (Mien-speaking) groups: the Hmong are genetically different from both the IuMien and all other Thai groups, whereas the IuMien are genetically more similar to other linguistic groups than to the Hmong. In general, we find less of an impact of patrilocality vs. matrilocality on patterns of mtDNA vs. MSY variation than previous studies. However, there is a dramatic difference in the frequency of MSY and mtDNA lineages of Northeast Asian (NEA) origin vs. Southeast Asian (SEA) origin in HM vs. ST groups: HM groups have high frequencies of NEA MSY lineages but lower frequencies of NEA mtDNA lineages, while ST groups show the opposite. A potential explanation is that the ancestors of Thai HM groups were patrilocal, while the ancestors of Thai ST groups were matrilocal. Overall, these results attest to the impact of cultural practices on patterns of mtDNA vs. MSY variation.
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Vo, Timothea, and Manisha Desai. "Immigrant Southeast and East Asian mothers’ transnational postpartum cultural practices: A meta-ethnography." Women's Health 17 (January 2021): 174550652110606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17455065211060640.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: Southeast and East Asian mothers experience the postpartum period differently than that of the general population. Despite the documented difference, there is limited representation of postpartum cultural practices in nursing and midwifery research. The purpose of this meta-ethnography is to synthesize qualitative findings from studies that examined postpartum cultural practices of Southeast and East Asian mothers globally to ensure better maternal health outcomes. Methods: Noblit and Hare’s seven-step meta-ethnographic approach was used. We analyzed constructs, concepts, themes, and metaphors using Krippendorff’s content analysis. The guidelines for preferred reporting the synthesis of qualitative research were adhered to enhancing transparency (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Results: The collaborative search process in the following databases, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus, resulted in eight high quality research studies published between January 2017 and February 2020. Five studies discussed postpartum traditions of immigrant mothers ( n = 67) living in North America ( n = 67), while three studies explored that of mothers living in Southeast and East Asian. Mothers ( n = 132) from China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam, and Hmong participated. Findings: Three themes emerged: (1) importance of maintaining postpartum cultural practices; (2) barriers of “doing-the-month”; and (3) modification: practicality over tradition. Although participants recognized value in postpartum traditions, the lack of social support deterred more immigrant than non-immigrant Southeast and East Asian mothers from “doing-the-month.” Due to the influence of western medicine, clinicians’ postpartum care suggestions, and use of modern technology (e.g., Internet), Southeast and East Asian mothers had informed choices to adapt, modify, or “break with tradition.” Conclusion: Similarities and differences existed in how each Southeast and East Asian mother accepted and engaged with postpartum cultural practices, a process which aligned with one’s definition of health. Maternity care providers should further elicit Southeast and East Asian mothers’ needs based on individualized assessments beginning in prenatal care with emphasis on social support for mothers who have recently immigrated and given birth in their adopted countries.
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Avila, Cinthya Maldonado, Andrea Schiefelbein, Margaret Walker, Kajua Lor, John Hampton, Roberto J. Vidri, Noelle K. LoConte, Melissa Skala, and Nabeel Zafar. "Abstract C082: Survival and treatment disparities of Hmong patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2023): C082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-c082.
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Abstract Purpose: This study seeks to investigate disparities in treatment and survival for Hmong patients with gastrointestinal cancers in Wisconsin. Background: The Hmong community is one of the largest resettled communities in the U.S composed of ethnic minority refugees from Southeast Asia that migrated during the Vietnam War and as political refugees. Wisconsin has the third largest Hmong population in the U.S. Compared to Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), Hmong face greater cancer mortality rates; distinct disparities may be underappreciated, as Hmong outcomes are often grouped with Asian Americans. Thus, differences in treatment and survival between NHW and Hmong populations remain understudied. Methods: Adults with liver, pancreas, or colorectal cancer diagnosed from 2004-2018 in the Wisconsin Cancer Reporting System were included. Summary statistics comparing Hmong, NHW, and Non-Hmong Asian individuals were generated. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to test differences in treatments. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were constructed to test differences in cause-specific survival (CPS) for liver and CRC and all-cause survival for pancreas cancer. Model A (A) adjusted for sociodemographic variables only: age, sex, race/ethnicity, rurality, county, median household income and education status, insurance, and stage. Model B (B) added treatment variables chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation. Results: Of 56,163 patients, 5,822 had liver cancer with 22 (0.4%) identifying as Hmong, 8,490 had pancreatic cancer with 11 (0.001%) identifying as Hmong, and 37,851 had CRC with 50 (0.001%) identifying as Hmong. For all cancer types, Hmong patients were diagnosed at a younger age and trended toward decreased survival. The average age at diagnosis was significantly lower for Hmong patients with liver cancer compared to NHW patients (55.3 years VS 67.6 years, p<0.001). Hmong patients with liver and pancreatic cancers had lower odds of receiving chemotherapy (OR=0.28, [0.09, 0.80], OR=0.03, [0.003, 0.24], and a trend towards lower odds of receiving chemotherapy (OR=0.60, [0.27, 1.20]) for CRC. All cancers trended toward lower odds of receiving surgery (OR=0.46, [0.12, 1.74], OR=0.61, [0.06, 5.42], OR=0.62, [0.26, 1.47], respectively. Compared to NHW patients, Hmong patients with liver cancer had an increased hazard of death (HR 2.67, [1.54, 4.63]) when considering sociodemographic variables (A). Adjustment for treatment variables reduced this disparity in (B) (HR 1.56, [0.90-2.72]). Conclusions: Hmong patients across all cancers were more likely to be diagnosed at a younger age and trended toward lower survival. Those with liver and pancreatic cancer also had lower odds of receiving chemotherapy. These findings highlight inequities in healthcare with the goal to drive greater access to and acceptance of treatment and community outreach. Future efforts will focus on disseminating this information and developing community-based approaches for health screening and prevention. Citation Format: Cinthya Maldonado Avila, Andrea Schiefelbein, Margaret Walker, Kajua Lor, John Hampton, Roberto J. Vidri, Noelle K. LoConte, Melissa Skala, Nabeel Zafar. Survival and treatment disparities of Hmong patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C082.
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Powers, Sara, Rachel Schaffer, David Bass, Ocean Le, and Lauren Pongan. "Exploring the Subjective Caregiving Experience Among Chinese, Korean, and Southeast Asian Communities." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1741.
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Abstract Although the Asian American community is one of the fastest growing racial groups in the US, members of this group continue to be underserved and understudied, especially when it comes to the needs of family caregivers. Therefore, through a national initiative to understand the lived experiences of diverse family and friend caregivers, survey data was collected from a variety of Asian American ethnic subgroups including Chinese (n=148), Korean (n=131), and Southeast Asian (i.e., Vietnamese, Hmong, Cambodian, Laotian; n=161). Surveys were distributed in-person and online, and also offered in the translated native languages of the abovementioned groups. Caregivers had to be 18 years and older and providing care to a person aged 55 and older who needed assistance because of ongoing health problems or disabilities. For the overall sample of Asian American caregivers (n=440), participants were on average 51.68 years of age (SD=15.98), identified as female (n=336), were not born in the US (n=348), lived with the care receiver (n=247), and reported less than $10,000 in income per year (n=199). As guided by the Stress Process Model and through a series of ANOVA tests, when compared on all major outcomes, Southeast Asian caregivers significantly reported: 1) more difficulty with care related tasks (e.g., financial/legal decisions), 2) a stronger cultural commitment to caregiving, 3) higher work strain, and 4) more depressive symptomology. Discussion will focus on opportunities for professionals to meet the needs of Asian American caregivers through the use of available trainings and programs aimed to support diverse caregivers.
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DEINARD, AMOS S. "Vietnamese Are Not Genetically Short." Pediatrics 76, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.76.6.1024a.
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To the Editor.— Dr Stickler, in a recent commentary (Pediatrics 1984;74:559), mentions as an example of genetic short stature the child of a Vietnamese refugee. My experience during the past 5 years with the Vietnamese as well as the other Southeast Asian groups (lowland Lao, Hmong, and Cambodian) who have immigrated to the United States since 1979 suggests that their growth may be no different from that of post-World War II Japanese children, ie, with good maternal and postnatal medical care and nutrition, children will grow at levels comparable to American children on whom the growth curves were normed.
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Wang, Yu. "Research on the Significance and Paths of Promoting People-to-People Diplomacy." World Journal of Social Science Research 11, no. 3 (July 6, 2024): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v11n3p1.
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This paper explores the significance and paths of promoting people-to-people diplomacy between China and neighboring Southeast Asian countries. It aims to analyze and evaluate the role and potential of people-to-people diplomacy in strengthening bilateral relations and promoting cooperation. By outlining the historical background and current status of relations between China and these countries, the paper discusses in detail the definition, importance, and role of people-to-people diplomacy in international relations. It further analyzes current people-to-people exchanges and diplomatic achievements between China and its neighboring Southeast Asian countries, and proposes specific paths and strategic recommendations in terms of government support, participation of social organizations, and educational and cultural exchanges. The study concludes that promoting people-to-people diplomacy between China and neighboring Southeast Asian countries not only helps to foster long-term stability in bilateral relations but also injects new momentum into regional and global cooperation.
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Frye, Barbara A. "Use of Cultural Themes in Promoting Health among Southeast Asian Refugees." American Journal of Health Promotion 9, no. 4 (March 1995): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-9.4.269.
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Purpose. Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Hmong refugee populations in the United States face serious physical and psychosocial health issues. Literature on these populations is largely descriptive of illnesses and of cultural beliefs or behavior patterns related to illness. There is minimal literature linking beliefs and behaviors to the underlying cultural themes. The purpose of this paper was to search the literature for cultural themes from which culturally relevant health promotion strategies could be designed. Search Methods. Literature was reviewed from the fields of health, social, and political science, history, and Southeast Asian folklore. Search methods included review of 147 writings from library and MEDLINE search and 123 interviews with refugees and key professionals in the field. This manuscript includes 106 selections as well as content from 93 interviews. Findings and Conclusions. From the literature emerged two cultural themes common to these populations, kinship solidarity and the search for equilibrium. The use of these cultural themes as carriers of health messages is suggested. Examples of ways to link the message with the cultural theme are presented, including the use of folklore, recognition of cultural illnesses, and use of cultural knowledge in addressing new situations such as inner city urban survival. Cultural themes are a means of conveying health messages addressing such issues as transition in family structure, depression, and substance abuse.
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Hurie, Marjorie B., Eric E. Mast, and Jeffrey P. Davis. "Horizontal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection to United States-Born Children of Hmong Refugees." Pediatrics 89, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.2.269.
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There is evidence that hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission continues among Southeast Asian refugees after resettlement. To determine the prevalence of HBV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] positive or core antibody positive) and modes of transmission in Hmong refugee households in Wisconsin, results of serologic tests were reviewed for 429 US-born children not previously vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and 754 of their Asian-born household members. The prevalence of HBV infection was 14% (62/429) among all US-born children, 30% (21/69) among children whose mothers were HBsAg-positive, and 11% (41/360) among children whose mothers were HBsAg-negative. Among children whose mothers were HBsAg-negative, the prevalence of HBV infection increased with increasing age (χ2 test for trend = 5.6, P .02) and was related to the household presence of HBsAg-positive sibling(s) (relative risk 4.0; 95% confidence interval = 1.5, 9.3; P < .001). Of the 62 infected children, 13 (21%) lived in households with no HBsAg-positive household members. US-born children of Hmong refugees apparently acquire HBV infection through both horizontal and perinatal transmission. These findings emphasize the importance of routinely integrating hepatitis B vaccine doses into the childhood vaccination schedule for all infants whose parents are from areas where HBV infection is highly endemic. In addition, the findings support the need for pediatricians to consider vaccinating older children (up to age 7 years) whose parents are from HBV-endemic areas.
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Crowther, Alison, Leilani Lucas, Richard Helm, Mark Horton, Ceri Shipton, Henry T. Wright, Sarah Walshaw, et al. "Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 24 (May 31, 2016): 6635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1522714113.
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The Austronesian settlement of the remote island of Madagascar remains one of the great puzzles of Indo-Pacific prehistory. Although linguistic, ethnographic, and genetic evidence points clearly to a colonization of Madagascar by Austronesian language-speaking people from Island Southeast Asia, decades of archaeological research have failed to locate evidence for a Southeast Asian signature in the island’s early material record. Here, we present new archaeobotanical data that show that Southeast Asian settlers brought Asian crops with them when they settled in Africa. These crops provide the first, to our knowledge, reliable archaeological window into the Southeast Asian colonization of Madagascar. They additionally suggest that initial Southeast Asian settlement in Africa was not limited to Madagascar, but also extended to the Comoros. Archaeobotanical data may support a model of indirect Austronesian colonization of Madagascar from the Comoros and/or elsewhere in eastern Africa.
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YAMADA, Isamu. "Ecosystem and People in Southeast Asian Tropical Rain Forests." Tropics 2, no. 2 (1992): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3759/tropics.2.79.
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Harahap, Syahrin. "Southeast Asian Muslim Washathyyah in the Global Era." Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage 4, no. 1 (July 8, 2015): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31291/hn.v4i1.65.
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Globalization in the world has given the huge impact on the people, as the new condition of the world has brought the world to the globalism- a consciousness and understanding that the world is one. Globalization has also unified the people in a global village that covers all aspects of life such as economic, political, cultural, religious aspects. This paper will explore the concept of wa¡a¯iyyah which stresses on the moderation and accommodative way and its implementation in Southeast Asia. The main idea of the wa¡a¯iyyah or moderation in religious life is that it offers the importance of realizing the concept of Islamic blessing for all the Universe (Islam; Ra¥matan lil ±lam³n). Therefore, the main offer of the Muslim wa¡a¯iyyah movement is to focus on developing civilization, freedom, justice, prosperity and better future for all the people. It is the main capital of the Wa¡a¯iyyah in Southeast Asia to give the significant contribution to the globalization of the world.
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Walker, Margaret, Noelle K. LoConte, Kajua B. Lor, John M. Hampton, Andrea M. Schiefelbein, Kha Lor, Molinna Bui, and Roberto J. Vidri. "Survival of the Hmong population diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2022): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.28_suppl.152.
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152 Background: The Hmong people constitute an Asian-American subgroup, accounting for 0.1% of the United States (US) population. Originating from Laos and Vietnam, Hmong individuals fought as secret soldiers for the US during the Vietnam War and later immigrated to the US, with the largest settlements in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and California. The Hmong population has faced various health disparities in the domains of mental health, chronic disease, and cancer. This study seeks to investigate trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) survival in the US Hmong population. Methods: Cases of colon and rectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed between 2004-2017 were identified within the National Cancer Database. Summary statistics of demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, and treatment variables were calculated. Multiple Cox proportional hazard models were constructed using sets of demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, and treatment variables to identify factors associated with overall survival (OS) within the Hmong population diagnosed with CRC. Results: One hundred and twenty (0.01%) Hmong individuals were identified within a total of 881,243 CRC cases. Their average age at diagnosis was 58.9 years, compared 68.7 years for Non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals (p < 0.01). Over half of Hmong individuals (52.5%) were diagnosed with Stage III or VI disease (NHW, 42.5%, p < 0.03), and they more frequently resided in the lowest median income quartile (p < 0.01), the lowest high school degree achievement quartile (p < 0.01), and had higher rates of Medicaid coverage (p < 0.01) compared to NHWs. When adjusting only for age, sex, stage, and Charlson-Deyo comorbidity score, Hmong individuals had a greater hazard of death compared to their NHW counterparts (HR 1.43, p < 0.01). However, in a multivariable model accounting for all variables suspected to be associated with CRC outcomes, OS was similar between these groups (HR 1.01, p < 0.93). Conclusions: Hmong individuals diagnosed with CRC appear to have similar overall survival to Non-Hispanic Whites despite belonging to lower socioeconomic groups, being diagnosed at a younger age and with a higher proportion of Stage III/VI disease. This may point to a robust response to treatment and resilience within the Hmong community. Future efforts will focus on disseminating this information and developing community-based approaches for health screening and prevention.
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Changmai, Piya, Kitipong Jaisamut, Jatupol Kampuansai, Wibhu Kutanan, N. Ezgi Altınışık, Olga Flegontova, Angkhana Inta, et al. "Indian genetic heritage in Southeast Asian populations." PLOS Genetics 18, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): e1010036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010036.
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The great ethnolinguistic diversity found today in mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) reflects multiple migration waves of people in the past. Maritime trading between MSEA and India was established at the latest 300 BCE, and the formation of early states in Southeast Asia during the first millennium CE was strongly influenced by Indian culture, a cultural influence that is still prominent today. Several ancient Indian-influenced states were located in present-day Thailand, and various populations in the country are likely to be descendants of people from those states. To systematically explore Indian genetic heritage in MSEA populations, we generated genome-wide SNP data (using the Affymetrix Human Origins array) for 119 present-day individuals belonging to 10 ethnic groups from Thailand and co-analyzed them with published data using PCA, ADMIXTURE, and methods relying on f-statistics and on autosomal haplotypes. We found low levels of South Asian admixture in various MSEA populations for whom there is evidence of historical connections with the ancient Indian-influenced states but failed to find this genetic component in present-day hunter-gatherer groups and relatively isolated groups from the highlands of Northern Thailand. The results suggest that migration of Indian populations to MSEA may have been responsible for the spread of Indian culture in the region. Our results also support close genetic affinity between Kra-Dai-speaking (also known as Tai-Kadai) and Austronesian-speaking populations, which fits a linguistic hypothesis suggesting cladality of the two language families.
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Thao, Ton Viet. "Religious Movements in Some Southeast Asian Countries at The Beginning of the 20th Century." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 11 (June 9, 2024): 422–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/kf62ev69.
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Southeast Asia is an economic and culturally rich hub, one of the cradles of human history where diverse and vibrant cultures converge. Particularly, the religious landscape in Southeast Asian countries at the beginning of the 20th century vividly manifested in the movements against colonialism and imperialistic invasions by various nations. Class conflicts within society, coupled with unresolved contradictions, and the hardships of life in a tumultuous social context, led people to turn to religion. The study analyzes the characteristics of religious movements in some Southeast Asian countries in the early 20th century, thereby drawing some conclusions about religious movements in Southeast Asian countries in the early 20th century. In the process of approaching the problem, the author uses research methods such as text analysis, logic-history, unity between synchronic and diachronic perspectives, and analysis-synthesis... These research methods are applied by the author in a consistent dialectical manner to provide a comprehensive and specific research approach suitable to the current task. Developing humanistic values in religion will play an important role in preventing all personality corruption and helping people adjust their behavior and social relationships, contributing to stabilizing social order and safety. Religious movements in Southeast Asian countries in the early twentieth century contributed to spreading noble humanistic values in religion.
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Maity, Abhijit. "Anthony J. Langlois, Sexuality and Gender Diversity Rights in Southeast Asia." Southeast Asian Review of English 59, no. 2 (January 2, 2023): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sare.vol59no2.18.
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In Sexuality and Gender Diversity Rights in Southeast Asia, Anthony J. Langlois offers new perspectives on the nature of implementation of laws, the necessity of rights claiming and the prevalence of violence and discrimination around the lives of LGBTIQ+ people. This book is a call for new public policy and social norms to be (re)formed in Southeast Asian regions for those who are sexually non-conforming, and hence, are treated as second (read lower) class citizens. On the face of rapid socio-political changes and multiple preventive measures taken by the international human rights regime, the book argues that “most Southeast Asian states do not recognise the need for such rights” (1). However, in response to such incapacitated geo-political frameworks, this book considers many civil organisations and their political participation in rights claiming for the “people of diverse sexual orientation, gender identity expression and sex characteristics (SOGIESC)”. This book also attempts to connect the Southeast Asian LGBTIQ+ rights claiming movements to a larger international human rights regime.
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Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri, Yety Rochwulaningsih, and Haryono Rinardi. "Peran Masyarakat Nusantara dalam Konstruksi Kawasan Asia Tenggara Sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia pada Periode Pramodern." Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha 5, no. 1 (April 17, 2020): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v5i1.28089.
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The main objective of this article is to trace the pioneering role that might be played by the ancestors of the Indonesian people, Malay-Austronesian, in constructing the Southeast Asian region as a world maritime fulcrum in the pre-modern period. It is very important to be studied considering the fact that until now the historiography of both Indonesia and Southeast Asia still pays little attention to the role of Southeast Asia people in establishing the glory of Southeast Asia as one of the world's maritime axis. That is why their role needs to be elaborated more deeply by exploring broader literatures and historical sources. Likewise, a new perspective also needs to be developed to build a narrative of the role of local communities in the process of globalization in the region. For this purpose, this article will explain how Indonesian ancestors became the decisive pioneers in the reconstruction of the Southeast Asian region as one of the centers of world maritime activity.
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Poungpattana, Rattanaporn. "Reconceptualizing Indianization: A Study of the Art of the Local Female Deities." MANUSYA 7, no. 2 (2004): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00702002.
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It was formerly known and agreed generally that the earliest Southeast Asian people did not create their own civilization, but adopted models from India. Accordingly, civilization in Southeast Asia is called "Indianization". Yet there are three mains schools of thought giving different views of the characteristics of Southeast Asian civilization. While the first school, led by Coedes, points out that civilization in Southeast Asia is not so different from its Indian models, the second school, led by Wolters, suggests that Southeast Asian civilization is completely different from the Indian one due to the process called 'localization'. Compromisingly, the last school, led by Mabbett, proposes the harmonious living of the two cultures in local societies. As the debates are still uncompromised, the article offers the examination of the case study of female deities in an attempt to compromise those debates. According to the observation on the case study, it can be summed up that Wolters and Mabbett's suggestions seem closer to the real situation, and that Southeast Asia has its own typical civilization.
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Shultz, Clifford J., and Anthony Pecotich. "Marketing and Development in the Transition Economies of Southeast Asia: Policy Explication, Assessment, and Implications." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 16, no. 1 (March 1997): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569701600106.
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Geopolitical events have forced many countries in Southeast Asia to transform from centrally planned to market-oriented economies. The authors review the literature and introduce a model to help explain the forces and factors that seem to affect the success of Southeast Asian transition policies. The authors submit that though Southeast Asian gradualism or constrained capitalism continues to produce positive macroeconomic results and consumption opportunities, more expansive reform policies eventually could be required if these transition economies are to continue to prosper and enhance the welfare of their people. They conclude by discussing marketing implications and directions for further research.
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Rahdiansyah, Rahdiansyah, and Yulia Nizwana. "Deliberation, Southeast Asian Local Wisdom in Resolving Disputes." UIR Law Review 3, no. 2 (March 3, 2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/uirlrev.2019.vol3(02).4557.
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Cultural disputes, and others, often occur between neighboring countries in Southeast Asia and can be the seeds of disharmony, of course, this is not desirable. Southeast Asia as a cultural scope that is interrelated in history, has local wisdom in resolving disputes, resolving this dispute is known as deliberation. Deliberation is an identity that must be prioritized as a wise cultural approach for the ASEAN community. The purpose of this study is to explore the local wisdom of Southeast Asian people in resolving disputes in their communities and implementing them as a solution for the ASEAN community. Recognizing each other as cultural origins often occur between Malaysian and Indonesian communities. As a nation of the same family, this is commonplace, but the most important thing is how to solve it. Interviewing the people of both countries is the first thing to do in looking at this problem, how they understand and see culture in their culture. Questionnaires are distributed as much as possible, each data obtained will be processed and classified according to nationality, education, age, and others. The findings will be a study to see the perspectives of the two countries in understanding history, culture, and cultural results in addressing the differences of opinion that occur. At least the description of the root of the problem is obtained, why this problem occurs, what are the main causes, how to understand it, how to react to it, and lead to the resolution of the dispute over ownership of culture itself
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HOQUE, MD SELIMUL, AKKAS AHAMED, and SAMIM REZA KHAN. "A REVIEW ON BANGLADESH-CHINA-INDIA-MYANMAR ECONOMIC CORRIDOR IN THE CONTEXT OF BANGLADESH’S INTEREST." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 5, no. 2 (April 28, 2024): 190–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v5i2.387.
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Carrying out study on BCIM economic corridor is extremely important; because, Bangladesh is surrounded by India, Myanmar and China, where Bangladesh needs to maintain friendly relations with these three neighboring countries. China is rising rapidly in terms of socio-economic and political development in the South, Southeast and Northeast Asian region. China has the highest foreign currency reserves through which many countries of South, Southeast and Northeast Asia might be economically benefitted. Besides, India is a big country with huge population which might be a potential development partner of South and Southeast Asian countries. On the other hand, Myanmar has huge reserves of gas, oil and other mineral resources from which Bangladesh can be greatly benefitted. This study has found that the BCIM economic corridor is very significant for Bangladesh’s regional connectivity, people to people contacts, cultural exchanges, soft–power diplomacy and economic interests. This study has a geostrategic and development cooperation implication for the South Asian region. This study is an important policy paper for Bangladesh’s geopolitical and economic interests.
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Farhat, Grace, Sajda Majeed, Martin K. Rutter, Basil Issa, and Michelle Harvie. "Comparing the acceptability of total diet replacement and food-based low-calorie diets for type 2 diabetes remission amongst Southeast Asians: a public and patient involvement activity." NIHR Open Research 1 (November 30, 2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.13233.1.
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Background: With type 2 diabetes prevalence rising at alarming rates, low-calorie diets (total diet replacement and food-based low-calorie diets) are increasingly used to induce weight loss and achieve diabetes remission. The effectiveness of these diets has been primarily tested in the UK white population but not in the Southeast Asian population at high risk of diabetes. Obtaining the opinion of members of the community on what would constitute a culturally acceptable diet is essential for successful interventions aiming to achieve diabetes remission in the southeast Asian population. Methods: We organised two patient and public involvement activities in the North West of England to understand views of people from the Southeast Asian population on whether low-calorie diets (850 Kcal) in the form of total diet replacement or food-based meals, are acceptable dietary interventions to achieve diabetes remission. Results: Thirteen people, with either type 2 diabetes or having someone with diabetes in the family attended a virtual or a face-to-face meeting. Low-calorie total diet replacement in the form of soups and shakes was considered unacceptable, while there was a preference for a culturally tailored low-calorie food-based diet. Ready-made portion controlled catered meals were suggested as an excellent approach to improve adherence. Conclusions: This work provided valuable insights to shape a future study looking at the feasibility to reverse diabetes in primary care through dietary intervention in the Southeast Asian population.
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Tayles, Nancy, Kate Domett, and U. Pauk Pauk. "Bronze Age Myanmar (Burma): a report on the people from the cemetery of Nyaunggan, Upper Myanmar." Antiquity 75, no. 288 (June 2001): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00060907.
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Kutanan, Wibhu, Dang Liu, Jatupol Kampuansai, Metawee Srikummool, Suparat Srithawong, Rasmi Shoocongdej, Sukrit Sangkhano, et al. "Reconstructing the Human Genetic History of Mainland Southeast Asia: Insights from Genome-Wide Data from Thailand and Laos." Molecular Biology and Evolution 38, no. 8 (April 27, 2021): 3459–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab124.
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Abstract Thailand and Laos, located in the center of Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), harbor diverse ethnolinguistic groups encompassing all five language families of MSEA: Tai-Kadai (TK), Austroasiatic (AA), Sino-Tibetan (ST), Hmong-Mien (HM), and Austronesian (AN). Previous genetic studies of Thai/Lao populations have focused almost exclusively on uniparental markers and there is a paucity of genome-wide studies. We therefore generated genome-wide SNP data for 33 ethnolinguistic groups, belonging to the five MSEA language families from Thailand and Laos, and analyzed these together with data from modern Asian populations and SEA ancient samples. Overall, we find genetic structure according to language family, albeit with heterogeneity in the AA-, HM-, and ST-speaking groups, and in the hill tribes, that reflects both population interactions and genetic drift. For the TK speaking groups, we find localized genetic structure that is driven by different levels of interaction with other groups in the same geographic region. Several Thai groups exhibit admixture from South Asia, which we date to ∼600–1000 years ago, corresponding to a time of intensive international trade networks that had a major cultural impact on Thailand. An AN group from Southern Thailand shows both South Asian admixture as well as overall affinities with AA-speaking groups in the region, suggesting an impact of cultural diffusion. Overall, we provide the first detailed insights into the genetic profiles of Thai/Lao ethnolinguistic groups, which should be helpful for reconstructing human genetic history in MSEA and selecting populations for participation in ongoing whole genome sequence and biomedical studies.
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Krams, Indrikis A., Priit Jõers, Severi Luoto, Giedrius Trakimas, Vilnis Lietuvietis, Ronalds Krams, Irena Kaminska, Markus J. Rantala, and Tatjana Krama. "The Obesity Paradox Predicts the Second Wave of COVID-19 to Be Severe in Western Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031029.
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While COVID-19 infection and mortality rates are soaring in Western countries, Southeast Asian countries have successfully avoided the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic despite high population density. We provide a biochemical hypothesis for the connection between low COVID-19 incidence, mortality rates, and high visceral adiposity in Southeast Asian populations. The SARS-CoV-2 virus uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a gateway into the human body. Although the highest expression levels of ACE2 are found in people’s visceral adipose tissue in Southeast Asia, this does not necessarily make them vulnerable to COVID-19. Hypothetically, high levels of visceral adiposity cause systemic inflammation, thus decreasing the ACE2 amount on the surface of both visceral adipocytes and alveolar epithelial type 2 cells in the lungs. Extra weight gained during the pandemic is expected to increase visceral adipose tissue in Southeast Asians, further decreasing the ACE2 pool. In contrast, weight gain can increase local inflammation in fat depots in Western people, leading to worse COVID-related outcomes. Because of the biological mechanisms associated with fat accumulation, inflammation, and their differential expression in Southeast Asian and Western populations, the second wave of the pandemic may be more severe in Western countries, while Southeast Asians may benefit from their higher visceral fat depots.
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Chappell, Hilary, and Denis Creissels. "Topicality and the typology of predicative possession." Linguistic Typology 23, no. 3 (November 26, 2019): 467–532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2019-0016.
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Abstract Recent accounts on the typology of predicative possession, including those by Stassen, recognise a Topic Possessive type with the possessee coded like the figure in an existential predication, and the possessor coded as a topic that is not subcategorised by the predicate and is not related to any syntactic position in the comment, literally: As for Possessor, there is Possessee. The Asian region is explicitly singled out as being a Topic Possessive area. On the basis of a sample of 71 languages from the four main language families of continental East and Southeast Asia – Sino-Tibetan, Hmong-Mien, Tai-Kadai and Austroasiatic, contrary to these previous accounts of the distribution of the main types of predicative possession in the world’s languages, we argue that this area should rather be considered as showing a particularly high concentration of Have-Possessives, with the additional particularity that the verbs occurring in the Have-Possessive constructions in this linguistic area are polysemous verbs also used for existential predication. After briefly reviewing Stassen’s typology of predicative possession, we discuss his account of the Topic Possessive type and then present five arguments for considering why the possessor NP of the existential/possessive verb yǒu 有 in Standard Mandarin Chinese cannot be analysed as invariably occupying the position of a topic, and consequently, that the construction should be reclassified as an instance of the Have-Possessive type. In the final sections, the situation is examined for other Southeast Asian languages showing the same configuration for predicative possession and existential predication as Standard Mandarin, to the extent that data is available.
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Moretti, Sebastien. "Keeping Up Appearances." European Journal of East Asian Studies 17, no. 1 (June 21, 2018): 3–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-01701001.
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Abstract The fact that most Southeast Asian States are not party to the main instruments pertaining to the protection of refugees has given rise to the ‘rejection of international refugee law’ theory, which has largely dominated the literature on the issues pertaining to refugees in Southeast Asia. Based on an analysis of the practices of Southeast Asian States with regard to refugees, this article argues that although they are not party to the 1951 Convention, the main countries of asylum in the region, i.e. Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia, de facto treat differently the people they acknowledge to be in need of some sort of protection: that is, refugees. Unlike other irregular migrants, refugees are protected against non-refoulement and, to a certain extent, are also protected from detention for irregular entry into the territory of another State. In doing so, Southeast Asian States maintain a ‘fiction’ according to which they preserve sovereignty over the borders of their countries while in reality largely accepting the limitations posed by international refugee law.
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Rigg, Jonathan, Anna Allott, Rachel Harrison, and Ulrich Kratz. "Understanding Languages of Modernization: A Southeast Asian View." Modern Asian Studies 33, no. 3 (July 1999): 581–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x99003480.
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More than most of humanity, scholars are prone to sinking their feet into the quagmire of definition. Words are unpacked, nuances of meaning are debated, and discourses are interrogated. Post-developmentalists have been at the forefront of a re-examination of the languages of development and developmentalism. Arturo Escobar, for example, states that his desire is to analyze ‘regimes of discourse and representation’ (1995: 10). Jonathan Crush is similarly concerned with the so-styled discourse of development, and expresses the desire to make the ‘self-evident problematical’ (1995: 3). He highlights work in the humanities and social sciences which concerns itself with textual issues of writing and representation through which this discourse has been framed. Crush suggests that such textual analysis offers ‘new ways of understanding what development is and does, and why it seems so difficult to think beyond it’. He goes on to argue that ‘we need to not only understand why the language of development can be so evasive, even misleading, but also why so many people in so many parts of the world seem to need to believe it and have done so for so long’ (1995: 4).
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Herrera, Michael B., Vicki A. Thomson, Jessica J. Wadley, Philip J. Piper, Sri Sulandari, Anik Budhi Dharmayanthi, Spiridoula Kraitsek, Jaime Gongora, and Jeremy J. Austin. "East African origins for Madagascan chickens as indicated by mitochondrial DNA." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 3 (March 2017): 160787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160787.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The colonization of Madagascar by Austronesian-speaking people during AD 50–500 represents the most westerly point of the greatest diaspora in prehistory. A range of economically important plants and animals may have accompanied the Austronesians. Domestic chickens ( Gallus gallus ) are found in Madagascar, but it is unclear how they arrived there. Did they accompany the initial Austronesian-speaking populations that reached Madagascar via the Indian Ocean or were they late arrivals with Arabian and African sea-farers? To address this question, we investigated the mitochondrial DNA control region diversity of modern chickens sampled from around the Indian Ocean rim (Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Madagascar). In contrast to the linguistic and human genetic evidence indicating dual African and Southeast Asian ancestry of the Malagasy people, we find that chickens in Madagascar only share a common ancestor with East Africa, which together are genetically closer to South Asian chickens than to those in Southeast Asia. This suggests that the earliest expansion of Austronesian-speaking people across the Indian Ocean did not successfully introduce chickens to Madagascar. Our results further demonstrate the complexity of the translocation history of introduced domesticates in Madagascar.
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Arjuna, Klawing, and Elya Munfarida. "STUDI TERJEMAH AL QURAN KAWASAN ASIA TENGGARA." Jurnal Asy-Syukriyyah 24, no. 2 (November 29, 2023): 120–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36769/asy.v24i2.344.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Translation of the Quran is an important topic to be studied academically as the transfer of language from the source language to the target language is not an easy task. Translation must also take into account the culture, social conditions, and language used to render the language of the Quran into a language understandable by the people in the Southeast Asian region. The purpose of this research is to enhance the understanding and accessibility of the language of the Quran in the Southeast Asian region. Through this study, it is revealed that the translation of the Quran originated from the Malay region of Sumatra and later spread throughout Southeast Asia through various Quranic scholars who studied the Quran in the Arabian Peninsula, the place where the Quran was revealed.
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Pamungkas, Cahyo, Saiful Hakam, and Devi Tri Indriasari. "Between Fear and Hope: Belt and Road Initiative in Southeast Asia." Chinese Journal of International Review 02, no. 01 (June 2020): 2050003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2630531320500031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper aims to describe the reason of China to change its governance of investment mainly the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Southeast Asia. Although many countries in this region need huge investment to improve and build their infrastructure as well as infrastructure’s connectivity between countries, there is some fear involving China’s investment in the past. These are unintended consequences of China’s investment on environmental, social, and debt-trap in certain poor countries. Nevertheless, there is still hope for better Chinese investment such as consideration of local people’s aspirations and more transparency. At the regional level, the BRI can synergize with local connectivity initiatives, such as the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity (MPAC) and Indonesia’s Global Maritime Fulcrum, and encourage the integration of the ASEAN Economic Community. Different from the previous studies, this paper also uses the historical approach by learning the relation between China and Southeast Asian countries in the past. Our argument is Southeast Asian countries do not need to fear Chinese economic expansions based on history that China is not a political threat in the region. However, China should change the governance of BRI to accommodate the interest of people in Southeast Asian countries.
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Napa, Wilai, Jumpee Granger, Siranee Kejkornkaew, and Pornsiri Phuagsachart. "Family happiness among people in a Southeast Asian city: Grounded theory study." Nursing & Health Sciences 22, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12688.
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Forth, Gregory. "Animal Mockery in Southeast Asian and African Origin Mythology." Anthropos 118, no. 2 (2023): 493–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-2-493.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Found in many parts of insular Southeast Asia and the adjacent mainland, a widespread complex of taboos concerns actions that are believed to result in a disastrous storm and, sometimes, petrification of offenders. The most typical offenses involve somehow mocking non-human animals, or in a few cases plants or trees. One aim of the paper is to isolate, as a distinct component of this complex, a series of myths that describe how acts of animal mockery resulted in the formation of lakes or other permanent features of local landscapes. There follows a detailed discussion of resemblances between these origin stories and several African origin of death myths that feature people mocking non-humans by giving them human funerals. The variety of societies that express disapproval of animal mockery then facilitates assessment of recent ontological pluralist theory, according to which cultures differ radically in how they conceive of human-animal relations.
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Hirota, Isao, and Takashi Tsuji. "Ethno-bamboo Approaches to the Pala’wan in the Mangrove Area of Palawan Island, the Philippines." Southeastern Philippines Journal of Research and Development 26, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.53899/spjrd.v26i2.153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bamboo is an important resource in Southeast Asia, which is a hotspot of bamboo species diversity globally, and has historically contributed to livelihoods in various environments. Subsistence livelihoods are still widely found in Southeast Asia, especially in isolated villages, and various kinds of plant resources, including bamboo, support local livelihoods. Understanding the relationship between human society and plants is important to understand the historical process of expansion and adaptation of human society in Southeast Asia; however, despite its importance, information on bamboo utilization remains limited. A field survey was conducted in a village located in the mangrove area of Palawan Island, the Philippines. The residents were the Pala’wan. Data was obtained through participatory observation and interview survey to at least 30 villagers. In the village, 10 bamboo species, both wild and cultivated, were utilized for various purposes, with a large and specific demand for bamboo of cultivated species. These species are medium to large in size, and some are distributed widely both in mainland and insular Southeast Asia. These bamboo species are considered to have been brought by Southeast Asian people along with other useful plants and have adapted to the new environment. To understand the long-term relationship between Asian people and plants, it is necessary to consider bamboo, and multidisciplinary integration of knowledge, which can be called as the “ethno-bamboo approach,” can uncover new aspects of this relationship.