Дисертації з теми "History of sensibilities"

Pendant plusieurs décennies, des années 1950 jusqu’au début des années 2000, les nuits des ondes hertziennes françaises étaient peuplées de voix multiples, célèbres puis anonymes, souvent feutrées et confidentes. Ces voix s’accordaient à l’atmopshère de la nuit. Trouvant refuge dans cet espace-temps alternatif, elles profitaient de ces heures, situées en dehors du temps social majoritaire, pour s’exprimer. La radio nocturne constituait un espace de rêves et d’expérimentations, de rencontres et de dialogues, offrant aux auditeurs de la nuit un accompagnement, une fenêtre ouverte sur le monde, sur les autres et sur l’intime. Ce travail propose de retracer l’histoire de ces programmes des heures noires, à travers une approche chronologique de leur évolution. L’analyse des émissions est croisée avec celle de la réception, notamment permise par les courriers d’auditeurs, ainsi qu’avec l’observation des imaginaires véhiculés autour de l’objet «radio de nuit». Histoire des productions radiophoniques, des pratiques et des perceptions nocturnes, cette thèse entend mettre en lumière le monde des ondes de la nuit, distinguer les différentes phases de son développement, ainsi que ses spécificités. Situé au carrefour de l’histoire de la radio et de celle de la nuit, Micros de nuit se présente aussi comme une contribution à l’histoire des sensibilités du second vingtième siècle
During several decades, from the 1950’s until the beginning of the 2000’s, french night-time radio waves were filled with numerous voices, famous or anonymous, often muted and intimate. These voices matched well with the nocturnal atmosphere. Finding a refuge in this alternate space-time, they took advantage of these hours, located outside of the majority social time, to express theirselves. Night-time radio constituted a space for dreams and experimentations, meetings and dialogues, offering a support to night-time listeners, a window open to the rest of the world, the others and the intimacy. This study recounts the history of all-night french radio, throug a chronological approach, focusing on the broadcasts, their reception, as well as the imaginaries drifting around them. History of radio productions, nocturnal habits and perceptions, this thesis intend to highlight the wave night world, to distinguish its different phases and its key features. Located at the crossroad of radio history and night-time history, Micros de nuit constitutes also a contribution to an history of sensibilities for the second half of the 20th century

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é tentar compreender algumas das motivações que, na metade do século passado, ainda orientavam as atividades de muitos grupos de intelectuais no interior do país. Assim, através da análise de um rico acervo epistolar acumulado entre 1948 e 1959 pelo Centro Cultural Euclides da Cunha, de Ponta Grossa (PR), o presente estudo procura desvendar a empolgação característica que cercava as atividades do grupo intelectual ali reunido. Ao se examinar hoje os indícios e vestígios encontrados nessa documentação, é possível perceber, por exemplo, a existência de um apego muito grande às lides científicoliterárias e ao trabalho intelectual diletante. Na mais remota das hipóteses e sem a menor dúvida, tais motivos devem ter ocupado tempo e espaço consideráveis nas vidas destas pessoas, devem ter mobilizado suas existências e, desse modo, forjado em grande parte suas identidades. Em última análise, estas questões devem ter tido um significado que agora irremediavelmente nos escapa. Tendo isso em vista, a proposta deste trabalho é tentar reconstruir este significado nos pormenores de suas dimensões social, conceitual e subjetiva, lançando mão para tanto de alguns conceitos e apontamentos enfeixados pela história cultural
The aim of this research is to understand some reasons which have guided the activities of many intellectuals groups in Brazil’s half of twentieth century. Then, through analysis of the epistolary rich collection amassed between 1948-1959 by the Centro Cultural Euclides da Cunha, of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, this study tries to uncover the great excitement that surrounded the activities of the intellectual group gathered there. By examining these documents it is possible to realize the existence of a very large devotion to scientific, literary and intellectual works. Undoubtedly, those reasons must have occupied considerable time and space in the lives of these people, should have mobilized their existence and thus largely forged their identities. Keeping this in view, the purpose of this work is to try to reconstruct this meaning in its social, conceptual and subjective details, using for that some cultural history methodological guidelines

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Esta tese abroda os engendramentos metodológicos e as noções elaboradas pelo historiador Lucien Febvre. A partir de seus artigos, aferiu-se o processo de construção do conhecimento histórico e as bases de todo seu trabalho historiográfico, inspirador de uma corrente de idéias no campo de estudo ligado à história do mental. Este estudo é provido de aquisições de outras áreas de conhecimento, tais como a psicologia, a antropologia, a sociologia e a lingüística, a fim de conjugar o individual e o coletivo, reunindo, em uma mesma história, categorias de comportamentos muito diferentes. Em virtude da natureza do objeto, atenta-se para a complexidade reflexiva sobre as “alterações e mutações” no campo das idéias em determinada época, no qual a noção de mentalidades e os estudos sobre a história da sensibilidade tem papel relevante.
This thesis shows a studie about the methodologics conections and notions built by the historian Lucien febvre. Based on his articles, we analised the process of elaboration of the historical knowledge and the basis of all his historiographic work, which inspires a tendency of ideas in the studies in this area, linked to a mental history. This research has acquisitions of other areas of knowledge, like: psicology, anthropology, sociology and linguistic, with a proposal of joint the individual and the coletive, and meet, in the same history categories of behaviors very differents. Considering the nature os this object, we emphazise the reflexive complexity of this research about the “changing and mutations”, in this field in a specific period, which the notion of mentalities and the studies about history of Sensibility has a relevant position.

Orientador: Helio Rebello Cardoso Junior
Banca: Maria Teresa Santos Cunha
Banca: Tânia Regina de Luca
Resumo: O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é tentar compreender algumas das motivações que, na metade do século passado, ainda orientavam as atividades de muitos grupos de intelectuais no interior do país. Assim, através da análise de um rico acervo epistolar acumulado entre 1948 e 1959 pelo Centro Cultural Euclides da Cunha, de Ponta Grossa (PR), o presente estudo procura desvendar a empolgação característica que cercava as atividades do grupo intelectual ali reunido. Ao se examinar hoje os indícios e vestígios encontrados nessa documentação, é possível perceber, por exemplo, a existência de um apego muito grande às lides científicoliterárias e ao trabalho intelectual diletante. Na mais remota das hipóteses e sem a menor dúvida, tais motivos devem ter ocupado tempo e espaço consideráveis nas vidas destas pessoas, devem ter mobilizado suas existências e, desse modo, forjado em grande parte suas identidades. Em última análise, estas questões devem ter tido um significado que agora irremediavelmente nos escapa. Tendo isso em vista, a proposta deste trabalho é tentar reconstruir este significado nos pormenores de suas dimensões social, conceitual e subjetiva, lançando mão para tanto de alguns conceitos e apontamentos enfeixados pela história cultural
Abstract: The aim of this research is to understand some reasons which have guided the activities of many intellectuals groups in Brazil's half of twentieth century. Then, through analysis of the epistolary rich collection amassed between 1948-1959 by the Centro Cultural Euclides da Cunha, of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, this study tries to uncover the great excitement that surrounded the activities of the intellectual group gathered there. By examining these documents it is possible to realize the existence of a very large devotion to scientific, literary and intellectual works. Undoubtedly, those reasons must have occupied considerable time and space in the lives of these people, should have mobilized their existence and thus largely forged their identities. Keeping this in view, the purpose of this work is to try to reconstruct this meaning in its social, conceptual and subjective details, using for that some cultural history methodological guidelines
Mestre

Orientador: Milton Carlos Costa
Banca: Ulysses Telles Guariba Netto
Banca: Rosa Maria Godoy Silveira
Banca: Antonio Celso Ferreira
Banca: Célia Reis Camargo
Resumo: Esta tese abroda os engendramentos metodológicos e as noções elaboradas pelo historiador Lucien Febvre. A partir de seus artigos, aferiu-se o processo de construção do conhecimento histórico e as bases de todo seu trabalho historiográfico, inspirador de uma corrente de idéias no campo de estudo ligado à história do mental. Este estudo é provido de aquisições de outras áreas de conhecimento, tais como a psicologia, a antropologia, a sociologia e a lingüística, a fim de conjugar o individual e o coletivo, reunindo, em uma mesma história, categorias de comportamentos muito diferentes. Em virtude da natureza do objeto, atenta-se para a complexidade reflexiva sobre as "alterações e mutações" no campo das idéias em determinada época, no qual a noção de mentalidades e os estudos sobre a história da sensibilidade tem papel relevante.
Abstract: This thesis shows a studie about the methodologics conections and notions built by the historian Lucien febvre. Based on his articles, we analised the process of elaboration of the historical knowledge and the basis of all his historiographic work, which inspires a tendency of ideas in the studies in this area, linked to a mental history. This research has acquisitions of other areas of knowledge, like: psicology, anthropology, sociology and linguistic, with a proposal of joint the individual and the coletive, and meet, in the same history categories of behaviors very differents. Considering the nature os this object, we emphazise the reflexive complexity of this research about the "changing and mutations", in this field in a specific period, which the notion of mentalities and the studies about history of Sensibility has a relevant position.
Doutor

Cette étude propose une approche du christianisme antique selon une perspective d’histoire des sensibilités. La douceur est très présente dans les sources chrétiennes antiques, pour décrire un ressenti sensoriel ou affectif éprouvé dans les différents champs de l’expérience religieuse : rituels sacramentels, liturgie, émotions collectives, mais aussi dans le contact avec la Bible, ou dans une forme d’expérience intérieure directe du divin. Nous nous sommes intéressés aux diverses manières dont ce vécu est exprimé et interprété, aux pratiques concrètes auxquelles il peut être relié, mais aussi au regard porté sur la douceur du point de vue des normes morales, ainsi qu’au rôle accordé à celle-ci dans la pédagogie déployée par les prédicateurs à l’égard des fidèles. Nous avons ainsi mis en lumière la dimension sensible et affective de l’expérience religieuse des chrétiens de l’Antiquité, et la valorisation dont la sensibilité fait l’objet, au regard des conceptions antiques, annonçant ainsi le Moyen Âge
This study approaches Ancient Christianity from the perspective of the history of sensibilities. Sweetness is very present in ancient Christian sources, to describe a sensory or affective feeling experienced in the various fields of religious experience: sacramental rituals, liturgy, collective emotions, but also in contact with the Bible, or in a form of direct inner experience of the divine. We are interested in the various ways in which this experience is expressed and interpreted, the concrete practices to which it can be linked, but also the way in which sweetness is viewed from the point of view of moral standards, and the role given to it in the pedagogy deployed by preachers towards the Christians. In this way, we have highlighted the sensitive and affective dimensions of the religious experience of ancient Christians, and the way in which sensitivity is valued in relation to ancient conceptions, thus heralding the Middle Ages

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Education is one of the important issues relating to Republic in the first decades of the last century. This, especially in its school version, was an apparatus to lead the new generations for what it had become - or for what it wished to become - the nation, moving away from the imaginary and symbolic of the Second Empire. In order to do so, the republican education had its focus on guiding teachers not only to teach contents and methods, but inside and parallel to them, to improve the education of sensibilities of children and young people. One of the inversions in this experience are the pedagogical printed stuffs that, at a key moment in the press and in the school, carried out this impulse through the discursive structure composed especially of narratives, articles and prescriptions. Considering this framework, this thesis presents results of a research whose objective was to investigate topics of education of the sensibility in São Paulo in the first two decades of the twentieth century, which are substantially for the effort to produce sensitivities in accordance with the Republic. The research analyzed the Revista de Ensino da Associação Beneficente do Professorado Público Paulista and the Anuário de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo. It considered the myths in the form of reports, fictional or not; differentiated pedagogical orientations for boys and girls; the invention of a republican childhood, especially of scholarly character; the ambiguity of fantasies. The conclusions point out the strong gender division of prescriptions; the subjectivation of children and young people in school form, with emphasis on the processes of selfcontainment; the infantilization of the feminine, seen nature to be under social domination; the denegation of uncontrolled expressive forms, simultaneously with the valorization of the rituals of belonging to the Republic
Uma das importantes questões que se relacionam aos impulsos republicanos nas primeiras décadas do século passado é a educação. Esta, em especial em sua versão escolar, foi um dispositivo para formar as novas gerações para o que se tornara – ou para o que desejava tornar-se – a nação, afastando-se do registro imaginário e simbólico imperial. Para tanto, ocupou-se a educação republicana de orientar os mestres escolares não apenas nos termos dos conteúdos e métodos de ensino, mas, em seu interior e em paralelo a eles, pautar formas de educar as sensibilidades de crianças e jovens. Uma das formas investidas nessa experiência são os impressos pedagógicos que em momento chave da imprensa e da escola, levaram a cabo essa empreitada por meio da tessitura discursiva composta especialmente por narrativas, artigos e prescrições. Considerando este quadro, esta tese expõe resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi investigar aspectos desse processo de educação do sensível em São Paulo nas duas primeiras décadas do século vinte, marcantes para o esforço de produção de sensibilidades em conformidade com a República. Orientando-se pela análise de dois conjuntos de documentos, a Revista de Ensino da Associação Beneficente do Professorado Público Paulista e o Anuário de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo, foram analisados os mitos passadistas na forma de relatos, ficcionais ou não, a destinação de imperativos pedagógicos diferenciados para meninos e meninas, a invenção de uma infância republicana, especialmente de caráter escolarizado, a ambivalência das fantasias. As conclusões apontam para a rígida divisão de gênero nas prescrições; a subjetivação de crianças e jovens na forma escolar, com ênfase nos processos de contenção de si; a infantilização do feminino, visto como mais próximo da natureza a ser dominada; a denegação das formas expressivas não controladas, em simultaneidade com a valorização dos rituais de pertencimento à República

Orientador: Maria Carolina Bovério Galzerani
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: Esse trabalho propõe-se a estudar os sites de arquivos públicos, em seus diálogos com práticas de memória, de ensino de História e de educação das sensibilidades na contemporaneidade. Para tal, elege como fontes os próprios sites de arquivos, bem como a literatura recente produzida por arquivistas e pesquisadores de ensino de História, referente às relações entre arquivos e educação. Esses dois conjuntos de fontes, ao serem entrecruzados, fazem emergir um uma rede de discursos e práticas que se articulam, internacionalmente, como tendências prevalecentes, na literatura e nas práticas recentes dessa área em que se configuram as aproximações entre arquivos e educação. O referencial bibliográfico, no trabalho de articular a multidisciplinaridade dos campos estudados às possibilidades de diálogo dos autores em seus enfoques teóricos e metodológicos, foi eleito tendo em vista entrecruzar os diferentes autores das áreas da arquivística, da história cultural e da educação, em algumas de suas aproximações e confrontos, a partir de questões elaboradas nos sucessivos diálogos com as fontes. As relações entre arquivos e educação são pensadas a partir da ótica da educação patrimonial, do ensino de História, da produção de conhecimentos históricos educacionais e da educação das sensibilidades. Nesses movimentos reflexivos, o trabalho revê alguns pressupostos das tendências prevalecentes na literatura e práticas das ações educativas nos arquivos online, localizando esses projetos no tempo e no espaço. Como horizonte, propõe-se a ampliar as possibilidades de experiências de educação em arquivos que estimulem leituras plurais e inventivas de seus registros, na relação com suas reproduções digitais, cujos conjuntos vêm sendo publicados nos sites de arquivos públicos e divulgados nas mídias contemporâneas.
Abstract: This thesis aims to study public archives websites, in their dialogues with memory practices, History teaching and education of sensibilities. To do so, it has elected these websites as sources for research, as well as recent literature produced by archivists and History teaching researchers on the subject of relationships between archives and education. These two sets of sources pointed to a network of discourses and practices internationally articulated, as recent prevailing trends in literature and practices on the interactions between archives and education. The bibliographic references were elected to articulate archivistics, cultural history and education fields, in some of its approaches and confrontations, based on questions raised by the sources. As a result, the relationships between education and archives are viewed through the optics of heritage education, History teaching, educative research on historical themes, and also as contemporary forms of education of sensibilities. In these movements, the thesis reviews some assumptions of prevailing trends in literature and recent practices of educational activities on archives websites, their methodological perspectives and historical trends. As horizon, it aims to enlarge the technological and educatives possibilities of experiences on archives that stimulate inventive readings of records, through their digital reproductions, whose collections have been published on the websites of public archives and spread in contemporary media.
Doutorado
Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte
Doutora em Educação

This dissertation is a study of how the culture of sensibility was expressed in the everyday practices and social relations of the Gjörwell family. Headed by publicist, publisher and royal librarian Carl Christoffer Gjörwell (1731-1811), the Gjörwell family served as the centre of a wide circle of friends in late 18th-century Stockholm. Gjörwell has been regarded as one of the first Swedish representatives of 18th-century sensibility as well as an archetype of the Swedish cult of friendship. Due to his effusive emotional expressiveness and passionate friendships with other men, Gjörwell has largely been derided as effeminate by researchers from the 19th century onwards. Using theoretical perspectives from the field of the history of emotions (more concretely the perspectives of William Reddy, Barbara Rosenwein and Monique Scheer) this study centres on the emotional practices of the Gjörwell family, especially taking aspects of gender, class, sexuality and power into account. Gjörwell’s vast collection of family and friendship correspondence forms the empirical basis of this study. This study shows that the Gjörwell family and circle of friends in many ways could be regarded as an emotional community in which primarily emotions of happiness and joy are expressed. Furthermore, this study shows how the exercise of power could form part in the creation of an emotional community, as Gjörwell makes constant attempts to influence the way family members and friends manage their emotions, strongly dissuading them from the expression of melancholy. Although he has been viewed as effeminate by posterity, Gjörwell in fact regards himself as manly. This is due to his ability to remain joyful through adversities which testifies to his strong, and therefore manly, nervous organisation. This study thus further illustrates how a marked shift in masculine gender norms took place between the 18th and 19th centuries. This study also shows how expression of tender emotion could be a way of reinforcing personal status. This was due to the close association made between sensibility and virtue, in itself a central concept during this era. As Gjörwell is denied recognition in his professional life, the expression of tender emotion – and thus of virtue – becomes an important aspect of his personal life.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This thesis aims to discuss, through the memories and the sensibilities, some of the life experiences of people who lived in the city of Cubati, located at the interior of the state of Paraiba during the 1950s until 1980. In this period, occurred in this city the change of agricultural production based on food cultivation for subsistence to a production process and large-scale commercialization of agave, wich was destinated for the domestic and foreign markets. In this city, the process of economic exploitation of agave resulted in some changes on the lifes of the people, changes on their everyday life and working practices. Through political and religious speeches, we realize that the agave was seen as the main route for the salvation of the brazilian Northeast, a region hit by the drought and focus of different public policies. In this sense, political, religious, agronomists and journalists took turns on the production of speeches in defense of the agave, for which attributed an evil and destructive aspect. Through analysis of these discourses (BENJAMIN, 2012) I sought to identify how they were important for the acceptance of agave in Cubati, and also, how they were used for positivization of this type of agriculture. This study has not the objective to privilege the visions created by the elitist groups about the agricultural production of the agave. For the contrary, I intend to identify, through narratives and the sensibilities produced by oral speech, how the process of the exploration of the agave changed the lifes of the workers who lived in this city. After analize the oral sources, I propoused some questions wich could reveal to me the senses, the objectives of these senses and the objectives of the sequences of remembrance of the people who were interviewed. With regard to the work with the oral sources, I used the Oral History Metodology (FERREIRA, 1998), because I realize that it would be the best manner to comprehend the visions of the farmers about the introduction of the agave as a new agricultural product and how it was the manner of work with that strange plant. When we think on the relashionship between the speeches and its various forms of actuation, I based myself in Michel Foucault (1972; 2012), because this philosopher showed us that the speeches are passed by a knowledge-power relation wich start from a particular place/institution playing a role in social, cultural and political relations. Foucault inspired me to think the manner how the workers were related to their memories, and how, when they remembered, exercised the "author function". It was also important to think the relations of the workers with the working world from the look of English historiography, notably through (THOMPSON, 1981; 1997; 1998) realized that the agave‟s workers from Cubati and their memories are inscribed in this study through a poetic, that do not intend to tell just one story. This story is told through the various voices that make up this text.
Esta dissertação pretende discutir, através das memórias e sensibilidades, algumas das experiências vividas pelos sujeitos da cidade de Cubati, interior da Paraíba, durante as décadas de 1950 e 1980. Nesse período, ocorreu neste município, a alteração da produção agrícola baseada no cultivo de alimentos para a subsistência para um processo de produção e comercialização em grande escala de agave, o qual era destinado ao mercado interno e externo. Nessa cidade, o processo de exploração econômica do agave resultou na alteração das vidas dos sujeitos, nas mudanças dos seus costumes e na alteração de suas práticas de trabalho. Através de discursos de políticos e religiosos, percebemos que o agave passou a ser visto como a principal via para a salvação do Nordeste, região esta assolada pela seca e foco de diferentes políticas públicas. Nesse sentido, políticos, religiosos, agrônomos e jornalistas revezaram-se na produção de discursos em defesa do agave, para o qual atribuíam um aspecto diabólico e destrutivo. Através de análises à contra-pêlo desses discursos (BENJAMIN, 2012) procurei identificar como eles foram importantes para a aceitação do agave em terras cubatienses, e também, como foram utilizados a positivação desse tipo de agricultura. Este estudo não tem como objetivo privilegiar as visões produzidas pelas elites sobre o agave. Ao contrário disso, busco identificar, através das narrativas e das sensibilidades produzidas por depoimentos orais, como o processo de exploração do agave alterou a vida dos trabalhadores que viveram nesta cidade. Ao analisar as fontes orais, propus indagações que pudessem me revelar os sentidos e os objetivos das sequências de rememoração das pessoas entrevistadas. No que se refere ao trabalho com as fontes orais, trabalhei com a metodologia da História Oral (FERREIRA, 1998), pois percebi que ela seria a única maneira de compreender o olhar dos agricultores sobre a introdução do agave como novo produto agrícola e como era o processo de trabalho com aquela planta estranha. Ao pensar a relação entre os discursos e suas múltiplas formas de atuação me baseio em Michel Foucault (1972; 2012), esse filósofo nos mostra que os discursos são perpassados por uma relação de saber-poder, os quais partem de um determinado lugar/instituição exercendo um papel nas relações sociais, culturais e politicas. Foucault, ainda me inspirou a pensar a maneira como os trabalhadores se relacionavam com suas memórias, como, ao rememorarem exerciam a “função de autor”. Foi importante pensar a relação dos trabalhadores com o mundo do trabalho a partir do olhar da historiografia inglesa, (THOMPSON, 1981; 1997; 1998) percebi que os trabalhadores do agave de Cubati e suas memórias estão inscritos neste trabalho através de uma poética, que não pretende contar uma só história, mas que se conta através das várias vozes, que compõem esse texto.

The question of homoerotic sensibility is, in the purpose of this thesis, a matter of visual language connected to the portrayal of male bodies. By identifying this sensibility throughout the western art canon the essay seeks to understand its origins, development and function in relation to expressions of power. With the introduction of theorists such as Alois Riegl, Laura Mulvey, Abigail Solomon-Godeau and Raewyn Connell, the aim is to deconstruct homosexual masculinity. Adapting formal analysis and parts of visual semiotics, the focus lies on the visual expression of power through the homoerotic gaze, and asks what consequences it has in forming homosexual identity. Greek antiquity is home not only to the ideals that foster western art history, but is also where we find early examples of same-sex affection being portrayed in the arts. Hence classical antiquity is so important for the homoerotic: whenever the classical language of style is popular throughout history, we are sure to find homoerotic sensibility. For reasons mentioned, the main periods analyzed are the Italian Renaissance, the French Neoclassicism and then, naturally the late 20th century onwards as this is the period of gay liberation and modern homosexual identity.  By identifying classical acceptance of homosexual relations only in the form of a clear social hierarchy, we soon discover how homosexuality has appropriated the idea of binary difference within its masculinity throughout history. Accepting relationships only between erastes and eromenos, or man and ephebe, homosexuality is forced to exist only on the terms of difference of power. With classical ideals, these tendencies are recurring in the visual representation of male homosexuality, and becomes a big part of the liberation and forming of a modern identity in the late twentieth century. As a result of objectification of the male body, in combination with idealized and sexualized power, modern gay culture has in many ways embraced a destructive culture shaped by misogynist ideas of hegemonic culture, where sexual violence exists, but is not spoken of.

Contrairement a ses compatriotes, dont il partage les constats sur la decadence de l'espagne, ramon del valle-inclan exprime sa conscience aigue du declin dans l'elaboration d'un univers mythique, proche de celui d'autres ecrivains europeens de la meme epoque : ainsi sa galice tait-elle echo a la normandie de barbey d'aurevilly ou aux abruzzes de d'annunzio. L'obscurantisme et la reference judeo-chretienne s'y conjuguent avec le primitivisme, couronnes par l'obsession de la mort. Ce desengano, moral et ideologique, se traduit donc aussi dans l'adhesion au renouveau de la pensee mythique qui denonce, dans l'europe occidentale d'alors, le positivisme. Cette mythologie contrastee est illustree dans les pieces "galiciennes" de valle-inclan et dans les oeuvres ou se joue la problematique du personnage 1900. Des figures exemplaires s'en degagent, soumises a une dialectique : le sentiment de decadence y voisine avec son refus, dans une impossible quete "romantique" de l'energie, donnant lieu a un double pole imaginaire : l'un, dynamique, l'autre, morbide et nocturne. La nostalgie des valeurs aristocratiques se lit a travers le mythe du centaure (montenegro); le culte du moi et le dandysme font de bradomin un don juan de la decadence; quant a eros decadent, barbare ou melancolique, il est domine par la luxure et la mort; le masque de thanatos vient happer toutes ces representations propres au decadentisme. La "catholicite" invite a prendre en consideration une religion esthetique, encensee et pervertie, mais aussi les motifs bibliques. Elle debouche sur une mystique franciscaine. Le projet s'oriente dans une double direction : par la confrontation, il restitue valle-inclan dans le concert europeen de la decadence; il analyse en quoi son apport contribue a inflechir le concept sous l'angle culturel de la latinite. La notion de "decadence latine" (sar peladan), et ce qu'elle implique comme constat, definissent en effet une branche opulente de la nebuleuse "fin de siecle"
Contrary to his compatriots, whose criticism about the decadence of spain he shares, ramon del valle-inclan expresses his acute consciousness of decline by elaborating a mythical universe, similar to the one of other european writers of the same period : so his galicia reminds barbey d'aurevilly's normandy or d'annunzio's abruzzes. The obscurantism and the judeo-christianism combine with primitivism, both crowned by the obsession with death. This moral and ideological desengano also finds expression in his adherence to the revival of the mythical thought which denounces positivism in the occidental europe at that time. This strongly contrasted mythology becomes famous in the "galician" plays of valle-inclan and in the works where the problematics of the 1900 character appears. Model figures emerge from it, subjected to a dialectic : decadence fealing is placed side by side with its refusal, in an imposible "romantic" quest for energy, leading on to a double imaginary pole : dynamic the one, and morbid and noctural the other. The nostalgia for aristocratic values can be seen through the myth of the centaur (montenegro); self-worship and dandyism turn bradomin into a don juan of the decadentism. As for decadent eros. Barbarous or melancholic, it is dominated by lust and death; thanatos' s mask snaps up all these representations peculiar to decadentism. "catholicity" invites to consider an aesthetic religion, heaped on the praise and perverted, but also the biblical motifs. It opens onto a franciscan mystic. So the project turns towards a double direction : by confrontation, it sets valle-inclan in the context of european decadentism; it analyses how his contribution tends to bend the concept under the cultural point of view of latinity. The notion of "latin decadence" (sar peladan), and what it implies as an acknowledgement, defines indeed an opulent branch of the "fin de siecle" nebula

Cette thèse appréhende le phénomène de la danse, de 1551 à 1606, à travers trois types de sources: la littérature, le discours technique et les traités religieux. Ces différents corpus se retrouvent dans le domaine roman. Les attitudes des catholiques, des protestants et des humanistes sont particulièrement intéressantes à comparer dans le domaine francophone, où certains traités restent peu connus voire inédits. Quant aux écrits de codification, ils reflètent une réflexion qui s'affine, et dont les origines sont localisées aux environs de 1450. Les textes littéraires et officiels témoignent de leurs prolongements dans la pratique. L'analyse esthétique permet de mettre en évidence la place de l'orchestique (alliance de la danse, de la poésie et de la musique) dans les philosophies motrices de la renaissance qui s'articulent autour des axes de la vie et de la mort. Peu à peu, une disposition d'esprit, commune a la noblesse et au peuple, domine: l'appel à la sensation qui privilégie le goût du profane au sens du sacré. La polémique écrite que la danse alimente souligne une rupture esthétique qui s'affirmera nettement après 1606, où la floraison des grands ballets correspond au déclin sensible des condamnations spécifiques contre la danse
This research apprehends the dance phenomenon from 1551 to 1606, through three kind of sources: literature, religious treatises and technical discourses. Those writings can especially be found in Romanic domain. The catholics, protestants and humanists' attitudes are particular worthwhile to compare in French speaking regions where some treatises are not well known or even unknown. The codification books indicate for their part a maturating reflection, and his origins are localized round about 1450. The literary and official texts show prolongations in the practice. In the matter of aesthetic analysis, the leading philosophies of the renaissance and their incidences in the 'orchestic' (the marriage of dance, poetry and music), is shown. The philosophies are jointed round the life and the death. These three discourses translate a same state of society, a same state of mind: the quest of sensation. This quest favors the profane with regard to sacred. The written polemic maintains emphasizes the aesthetic change that plainly rise after 1606 when the appearance of the allegorical ballets tallies with the decline of the specific condemnations of the dance

This study contributes to the particular field of emotional history by exploring collective social attitudes towards affective expression. Here, the passionate behaviour of Swedish Prince Frederick Adolph is witnessed and evaluated by the country’s royal court during the eighteenth-century. The perspective on contemporary elite ideals is influenced by Barbara H. Rosenwein’s theory of “emotional communities”. By methodologically discerning the moral values in aristocratic and royal diaries, one can fruitfully analyse the group’s normative emotional ideas. Resulting from this thesis is an understanding of the royal court’s approval of the prince’s apparent sincere sensitivity and the disapproval of his passionate ways. Also, the importance of the culture of sensibility is understood to have an opponent in the society’s traditional structures. This is a revelation of an early modern emotional group’s formation based on shared European ideals in addition to social communal and individual belonging.KEY WORDS: history of emotions, sensibility, Sweden, royal court, Prince Frederick Adolph, diaries

S'écartant d'une "histoire bataille" et événementielle, ce travail s'attache à analyser la façon dont les "écrivains d'un jour", à la fois acteurs et lecteurs de leur propre passé, se remémorent, se mettent en scène et offrent à lire leur expérience guerrière. Parce que l'activité belliqueuse est une épreuve tout à fait singulière mettant fondamentalement en jeu l'intégrité physique et morale ainsi que la dignité de la personne humaine, il s'agit de saisir à travers cette entreprise de mise en écriture du souvenir quelle figure de l'homme sensible et moral se trouve véhiculée par ces textes, et dès lors partagée ou enviée par leurs auteurs et leurs contemporains. Ainsi, un usage spécifique des sens privilégiant la vue de façon quasi exclusive, la prégnance d'une culture de guerre dominée par le modèle épique et chevaleresque, une perception du corps envisagé comme une machine sans exigence ni vie propre, le partage des idéaux de retenue inculqués par une éducation classique, la conception du témoignage comme entreprise de nature historique plus que de dévoilement du moi, contribuent à offrir de ces combattants l'image d'hommes particulièrement résistants. De la définition de ces seuils de tolérance semblent pouvoir également s'expliquer les raisons pour lesquelles la guerre, telle qu'elle est évoquée dans ces textes, paraît singulièrement déréalisée, tour à tour aseptisée ou exagérée. Autrement dit, la perception et la retranscription de la violence exercée et subie ne sauraient être comprises sans prendre en compte ce système de représentations a priori propres aux hommes du siècle dernier.

Terroir montagnard et mediterraneen qui n'exclut toutefois ni le milieu urbain ni l'activite industrielle, le haut-vallespir est un "pays" frontalier tres attache a sa catalanite du fait de ses racines et de la proximite de la catalogne espagnole. Dans cet espace au particularisme tres marque, l'etude de la mort revele, de 1600 a 1850, un lourd ceremonial, a la fois medieval et baroque, dans le cadre quotidien d'un catholicisme intransigeant, attache aux manifestations d'une piete collective fortement exteriorisee. Mais sur le plan individuel, la mort s'accompagne d'une spiritualite qui progresse avec la reforme catholique diffusee par un clerge local ultramontain. Malgre la permanence d'une religiosite exuberante voire tumultueuse, le chretien du haut-vallespir est ainsi conduit, dans un intimisme plus feminin que masculin vers une religion plus eclairee, plus interiorisee. Pour son ultime demarche vers dieu, sa foi se fait progressivement plus personnelle, mais plus exigeante aussi
A mediterranean mountain district, yet comprising both urban centres and industrial activities, upper vallespir is a border country much devoted to its catalanism because of its roots and the proximity of spanish catalonia. In this area with special particularism, the study of death from a. D. 1600 to a. D. 1850 shows a heavy ceremonial which is both mediaeval and baroque, within the daily setting of a strict catholicism linked with the manifestation of an esternalized collective piety. But from the point of view of the individual, death goes along with a spirituality which develops itself with the catholic reform spread by a local clergy strongly influenced and attracted by spanish catalonia. Despite the permanence of an exuberant, even boisterous religiosity, the christian in upper vallespir is driven, in a more feminine than masculine intimacy, toward a more enlightened, more interiorized religion. In his her ultimate move toward god, his her faith becomes progressively more personal but also more exacting

Lus, exploites, publies, les cahiers de doléances ont déjà fait couler beaucoup d'encre, et des meilleures plumes, celles de Michelet, Taine, Tocqueville, Jaures, ou Furet. Soumis a toutes les grilles de lecture, de la lecture cursive a la lecture structurale, interroges sur ce qu'ils disent de la politique, de l'économie ou de la culture de leur temps, les cahiers de doléances ne semblent plus avoir de secrets. Pourtant, la commémoration scientifique du bicentenaire a été l'occasion d'en rappeler l'extraordinaire richesse. En proposer une << lecture culturelle >> n'est pas faire une découverte archivistique, mais c'est d'une part prendre en compte l'énorme production historique des trois dernières décennies et, d'autre part, bénéficier de l'immense effort de publication mis en oeuvre depuis plus d'un siècle. Les travaux récents dans le domaine de l'opinion publique ou de la culture matérielle permettent en effet un renouvellement des questionnements tandis que les nombreuses éditions nous autorisent une approche qualitative et quantitative en jouant sur les variations d'échelle. Apres une synthèse critique des travaux antérieurs, l'enquête, a la fois nationale et régionale, présente d'abord des éclairages sur les aspirations morales et philosophiques des ruraux, que ce soit sur le désir de liberté, d'égalité, de bonheur ou de progrès. Elle passe ensuite des représentations aux pratiques culturelles. En effet, au détour d'une plainte a caractère fiscal, la communauté paysanne décrit sa conception de l'autorité et de la souveraineté, elle dit sa crainte de manquer de pain, sapeur de la maladie ou encore sa soif de culture. Elle s'interroge sur les moyens de financer l'école, de se procurer des médicaments ou d'attirer au village le chirurgien et la sage-femme compétents. Ainsi, les petites gens nous montrent, le temps d'une réunion au moins, le devenir des rideaux du siècle des Lumières dans le cadre paroissial
The registers of grievances have been worked on, exploited and published. They have been widely commented upon especially by experts including Michelet,Taine, Tocqueville, Jaures or Furet. Since they have been subjected to all sorts of reading grids, ranging from cursive to structural reading, and searched for any relevant information they could disclose about the political, the economic and the cultural situation of the time, they seem to hold no more secrets. Yet, commemorating the bicentennial on a scientific level was the opportunity to remind every one of us of their extraordinary richness. Reading them from a cultural point of view isn't aimed at being considered as + scoop ;. It rather aims, on the one hand, at taking into account the immense historical production of the last three decades and on the other hand, at making the most of the product of the extraordinary effort which has been put into publication for over a century. Indeed, recent works in the field of public opinion or material culture raise new questions. Along the same hoes, the numerous available editions enable us to approach things from qualitative as well as a quantitative angle by examining them on different scales (local, regional, national). After presenting a critical synthesis of the existing works on the subject, the survey concerning both national and regional levels, casts a light on rural people's moral and philosophical aspirations, whether these convey their yearning for freedom, equality, happiness or progress. From these representations, it then goes on to explore cultural attitudes. For instance, through a complaint about the tax system, the members of the peasant community expressed their moral and philosophical yearnings, they described their conception of authority and sovereignty, they disclosed their fear of running short of bread, their dread of being struck by a disease or else their craving for culture. They wondered about the adequate means to collect the necessary funds for the education of their children, for medicine or to lure a capable surgeon and a competent midwife into settling in their village. Thus people of modest means cast a special light - at least in the context of a meeting - on what the ideals of the + siècle des Lumières ; were to lead on to on a local scale

Les lendemains de la premiere guerre mondiale sont marques par de violents contrastes : exaltation du moi et crise du moi ;"mobilisation" et demobilisation" des intellectuels; malaise existentiel et gout intense de la vie;aspiration au "retour a l'ordre" et appels de dada a la destruction; triomphe et crise de l'esprit moderne. Ces remous temoignent d'une grave crise de l'esprit , dont dada et le surrealisme naissant sont l'expression la plus violente. Cette crise , quoique latente avant 1914, doit son ampleur et sa couleur tragique au traumatisme de la premiere guerre mondiale. C'est donc a celui-ci que les annees vingt doivent leur melange d'inquietude et de fantaisie , de nihilisme et de ferveur, d'ordre et d'anarchie
The period following the first world war was one of violent contrasts. Emphasis on the individual conflicted with a crisis of the individual; the "mobilisation" of intellectuals with their "de-mobilisation";existential unease with an extreme lust of life; the desire for "return to order" with dada and its destructive philosophy; the triumph of the modernism in art and literature and its accompanying crisis. Dada and the beginings of surrealism were the most violent phenomena to emerge from this upheaval and its consequent spiritual crisis. Although latent prior to 1914, the crisis was amplified and rendered even more tragic by the traumatic experience of the first world war. This explains the 1920s and their combination of anxiety and phantasy; nihilism and enthusiasm; order and anarchy

Cette thèse étudie la transformation du lien conjugal pendant la Grande Guerre, du fait de la séparation imposée par la mobilisation générale. Elle interroge les répercussions de la guerre dans la sphère intime en prenant les couples, mariés ou non, comme objets d'étude. En effet, à la seule échelle de la France, cadre choisi pour l'étude, pendant les quatre années de guerre, la séparation est vécue par au moins cinq millions de couples. Il s'agit donc d'analyser une expérience éminemment intime mais largement partagée au plan collectif. Si, dans l'objectif de rendre compte à la fois des aspects collectifs et singuliers, de nombreuses sources sont convoquées (presse quotidienne, documents législatifs, iconographiques, littérature), la thèse s'appuie essentiellement sur les correspondances conjugales qui, dans la distance, matérialisent le lien entre les conjoints. La première partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'analyse de la désorganisation conjugale provoquée par l'entrée en guerre. L'étude aborde les bouleversements liés à la séparation des couples dans trois domaines : démographique, juridique (avec le vote de la loi autorisant les mariages par procuration) et social. La mise en place du rituel épistolaire, la recherche par la correspondance d'une quotidienneté perdue, tout comme le partage des émotions, l'expression de l'amour et du désir, construisent le " pacte épistolaire ", qui fait l'objet de la seconde partie de la thèse. Enfin, la dernière partie interroge la transformation du lien conjugal sous l'effet de la menace omniprésente de la mort.