Дисертації з теми "Hepatitis viruses Transmission"
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Cossaboom, Caitlin Marie. "Discovery of Novel Strains of Animal Hepatitis E Viruses in the United States: Antigenic and Genetic Characterization, Cross-Species Infection, and Public Health Implications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77998.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Kavaka, Evniki. "Medical students acting as health educators :the influence on adolescents' knowledge about HIV/Hepatitis B transmission, as well as attitudes, beliefs and intentions towards condom use." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1268_1194348373.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this quasi-experimental study was to examine the impact of a health education intervention on knowledge about HIV/Hepatitis B transmission, attitudes, beliefs and intentions towards condom use. Research has shown tht small group discussion, single sex groups, age proximity of health educators, and HIV prevention integrated in the broader sexual health context, increased the effectiveness of health education with regard to safer sexual practices.
Ngui, Siew Lin. "Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus transmission events." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299915.
Повний текст джерелаPassini, Sione Souza Santos. "Prevalência de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C (VHC)em gestantes e transmissão materno-infantil." Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, 2012. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/7151.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A transmissão materno-infantil (TMI) do vírus da hepatite C (VHC) ocorre em 4%-13% das gestações quando a mãe é infectada, e poucos estudos de prevalência foram realizados em gestantes no Brasil. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a prevalência de infecção e fatores associados à presença de infecção pelo VHC em gestantes, e determinar a taxa de TMI do VHC. O estudo foi realizado em Salvador, no período entre Maio de 2009 e Abril de 2011, na Maternidade Referência Professor José Maria Magalhães Netto. Todas as voluntárias que assinaram ao TCLE, tiveram seus prontuários revisados e tiveram amostra de soro coletada para a realização do teste rápido anti-VHC (Bioeasy), ELISA 3ª geração (Artech), e detecção do VHC-RNA Qualitativo e Quantitativo (AMPLICOR HCV TESTE, ROCHE versão 2.0). Em uma subamostra de gestantes selecionada aleatoriamente, realizouse entrevista para analisar fatores sócio-demográficos e de exposição ao VHC não disponíveis nos prontuários. A análise estatística descritiva e de associação foram realizadas utilizando o programa EPI Info 3.5.3 (CDC, Atlanta, GE, EUA). Foram incluídas no estudo 3.049 gestantes, sendo que 8 (0,26%; IC 95%: 0,12%-0,50%)foram soropositivos para o anti-VHC pelo ELISA e 6 (0,20%; IC 95%: 0,08%-0,41%) confirmaram viremia. Todos os VHC genotipados pertenceram ao genótipo 1, 1a ou 1b. Os principais fatores associados à infecção materna pelo VHC foram uso de drogas, tatuagem, e infecção por HIV (p < 0,05). Das 6 gestantes com HCV positivo, 2 (33,3%; IC 95%: 6,0%-73,8%) transmitiram o HCV para seus filhos. Em um dos casos de TMI, a mãe relatou ter feito uso de drogas injetáveis e inaláveis durante a gestação, possuía tatuagem e era portadora do HIV sob tratamento antiretroviral. O recém-nascido (RN) nasceu com idade gestacional (IG) de 38 semanas através de parto cesariano eletivo. No outro caso, a mãe relatou uso de drogas injetáveis e inaláveis, possuía piercing e tatuagem, mas não foi portadora de HIV. O RN nasceu com IG de 39 semanas, através de parto normal, com tempo de ruptura da bolsa de 15 horas. Concluímos que a prevalência de infecção pelo VHC entre gestantes é baixa quando comparada à da população em geral na mesma localidade, sendo associado a uso de drogas e tatuagem. A taxa de TMI do VHC encontrada foi maior do que o esperado. Assim, estudos mais amplos serão necessários.
The mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) occurs in 4%- 13% of pregnancies when the mothers are infected and very few studies were conducted to determine the HCV prevalence in pregnant women in Brazil. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of HCV infection in pregnant women, and the rate of the MTCT of HCV. It was conducted in Salvador, between March 2009 and April 2011, at the maternity hospital Prof. José Maria Magalhães Netto. All volunteers signed to informed consent, their medical records were reviewed and serum samples were collect for screening anti-HCV antibody by a rapid anti-HCV testing (Bioeasy), ELISA 3rd generation (Artech), and HCV-RNA qualitative and quantitative detection (AMPLICOR HCV TEST, ROCHE version 2.0). In a randomly selected pregnant women subsample, interviews were made to evaluate socio-demographic and exposure factors for HCV, not available in the records. The descriptive and association statistical analysis were performed using Epi Info 3.5.3 (CDC, Atlanta, GE, USA). The study included 3.049 pregnant women, 8 (0.26%; 95% CI: 0.12%-0.50%) were anti-HCV positive by ELISA and 6 (0.20%; 95% CI: 0.08%-0.41%) confirmed viremia. All genotypes HCV belonged to genotype 1, 1a or 1b. Injection and inhaled drug use, tattoo and piercing were the most important associated factors for the mother infection. Out of the 6 HCV infected mothers, 2 (33.3%; 95% CI: 6.0%-73.8%) transmitted HCV to their newborns. In one of the cases of MTCT, the mother reported to injection and inhaled drug user during pregnancy, had tattoo and was HIV carrier held under antiretroviral therapy. The newborn was born at gestational age (GA) 38 weeks by elective cesarean section. In the other case, the mother was also injection and inhaled drug user, had piercing and tattooing. Her newborn was born at GA 39 weeks by normal delivery, and time of rupture of membranes was estimated to be 15 hours. We conclude that the prevalence of HCV infection among pregnant women was lower than the prevalence in the general population in the same locality, been associated to drug use and tattoo. The rate of MTCT of HCV was higher than expected. Thus, larger studies are required.
Pembrey, Lucy Jane. "Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus : a European epidemiological collaboration." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429494.
Повний текст джерелаCrossan, Claire Louise. "Hepatitis E virus : its impact and route of transmission in developed countries." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726758.
Повний текст джерелаProtopapas, Stella A. B. A. "Mother to Child Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus in the Greater Cincinnati Area." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin154392119827537.
Повний текст джерелаBORTUZZO, THIERRY. "Etude de la transmission verticale du virus de l'hepatite c." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF1MS23.
Повний текст джерелаFeagins, Alicia R. "Foodborne Transmission and Molecular Mechanism of Cross-species Infection of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77266.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
David, Xavier Richard. "Transmission familiale du virus de l'hépatite C : à propos de 213 individus représentant 88 familles." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11190.
Повний текст джерелаMaponga, Tongai Gibson. "An investigation of hepatitis B virus in antenatal women tested for human immunodeficiency virus, in the Western Cape Province of South Africa." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20416.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunisation protocols in much of Africa are based on data from the pre-human immunodeficiency virus (pre-HIV) era that indicated that HBV transmission occurs predominantly horizontally between siblings and play-mates rather than vertically from mother to child. The immunosuppression associated with HIV infection however may release HBV from immune control resulting in higher HBV viral loads, which may increase the risk of perinatal mother to child transmission of HBV. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of chronic HBV infection in HIV-infected pregnant women compared to HIV-uninfected pregnant women in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Ethical approval was obtained to conduct a retrospective, matched case-control, unlinked anonymous study using residual plasma samples from the 9355 pregnant women included in the Western Cape's 2008 National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Survey. Samples were tested for HBsAg on the AxSYM (Abbott, Chicago, IL) and confirmed by neutralization. Confirmed HBsAg-positive samples were tested for HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HD (Diasorin, Saluggia, Italy) and had HBV viral load and genotyping done. In addition, HBsAg-negative samples were tested for anti-HBc. Samples from 1549 HIV-infected pregnant women were included and matched to the same number of samples from age- and race-matched HIV-uninfected women. Median age of 26 years, parity and education were similar in the two groups. The prevalence of HBsAg was 3.4% for the HIV-infected group and 2.9% for the HIV-uninfected group. HBV DNA loads of greater than 104 IU/ml were detected in 32.1% of HBsAg-positive, HIV/HBV co-infected women, and in 14.3% HBsAg positive, HBV mono-infected women. Among the HIV-infected group 18.9% of HBsAg-positive were HBeAg positive, with a median viral load of 7.93 log10 IU/ml; whilst 15.5% HIV-uninfected women were positive for HBeAg with a median viral load of 6.07 log10 IU/ml. Genotype A was seen in 92.6% of the isolates while 7.4% of the isolates were genotype D. Serum total anti-HBc antibodies that are a marker of past infection were detected in 42.2% of HIV-infected and in 24.1% of HIV-uninfected women that were negative for HBsAg. No positive sample for anti-HD was seen among all HBsAg-positive samples. This data indicates that there is increased exposure to HBV in HIV-infected pregnant women than in HIV-uninfected women and that a greater proportion of HIV-infected pregnant women compared to HBV mono-infected pregnant women may be at increased risk of transmitting HBV to their infants. Further studies are needed to determine the rate of vertical transmission of HBV in the HIV era.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunisasie protokolle vir meeste dele van Afrika is gebaseer op data versamel in die era voor MIV. Die data dui aan dat HBV oordrag hoofsaaklik deur horisontale transmissie tussen broers, susters en speelmaats eerder as vertikale transmissie van moeder na kind plaasvind. Die onderdrukking van die immuunstelsel as gevolg van MIV infeksie kan egter lei tot 'n verhoogde risiko van perinatale HBV oordrag van moeder na kind. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die voorkoms en karakter van chroniese HBV infeksie in MIV-positiewe swanger vroue te vergelyk met die van MIV-negatiewe swanger vroue. Etiese goedkeuring is verkry om 'n retrospektiewe, deursnee-, ongekoppelde anonieme studie uit te voer wat gebruik maak van oorblywende plasma monsters van 9355 swanger vroue wat ingesluit is in die Wes-Kaap 2008 Nasionale MIV en Sifilis Voorgeboortelike Opname. Die monsters was getoets vir HBsAg antiliggame (AxSYM, Abbott, Chicago, IL) en bevestig deur neutralisasie toetse. Positiewe monsters was getoets vir HBeAg en anti-HBe (Diasorin, Saluggia, Italië). HBV viruslading en genotipering was ook op HBsAg positiewe monsters gedoen. Die HBsAg negatiewe monsters was getoets vir die teenwoordigheid van anti-HBc. Monsters van 1549 MIV-positiewe swanger vroue was ingesluit in die studie. Dieselfde aantal monsters van MIV-negatiewe vroue, met ooreenstemende ouderdom en etnisiteit, was ingesluit as kontroles. Die gemiddelde ouderdom van albei groepe was 26 jaar. Pariteit en opvoeding was dieselfde in albei groepe. Die voorkomssyfer van HbsAg was 3.4% in die MIV-positiewe groep en 2.8% in die MIV-negatiewe groep. HBV DNS ladings van meer as 104 IU/ml was waargeneem in 32.1% van die MIV-mede-geinfekteerde vroue en in 14.3% van die MIV-negatiewe groep. In die MIV-positiewe groep was 18.9% vroue HBeAg positief, met 'n gemiddelde virale lading van 7.93 log10 IU/ml, terwyl 15.5% MIV-negatiewe vroue positief was vir HBeAg met 'n gemiddelde virale lading van 6.07 log10 IU/ml. In ons studie was 92.6% van die monsters genotipe A en 7.4% genotipe D. Toatale anti-HBc antiliggame, 'n merker van vorige infeksie, was gevind in 42.2% van MIV-mede-geïnfekteerde vroue en 24.1% van MIV-negatiewe vroue wat negatief was vir HBsAg antiliggame. Data van ons studie dui op 'n verhoogde risiko vir vertikale HBV transmissie van MIV-positiewe moeders na hul babas. Verdere studies word benodig om vas te stel of vertikale transmissie van HBV van MIV-positiewe vroue na hul babas plaasvind.
Wellcome Trust
Poliomyelitis Research Foundation
Xiao, Fei. "Hepatitis C virus entry and cell-cell transmission : implication for viral life cycle and antiviral treatment." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ124/document.
Повний текст джерелаHepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a threat to global health with infecting about 170 million people. Current therapies cannot cure all the patients infected with HCV and have obvious side effects. In the first part of my thesis, we uncovered combinations of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and entry inhibitors caracterized by a synergistic effect in prevention and treatment of HCV infection using HCV cell culture models and human liver chimeric uPA-SCID mice, thereby providing a new strategy to control HCV infection. In the second part of my thesis, we demonstrated that HCV cell-cell transmission is the dominant transmission route in cell culture models and that DAA-resistant HCV spread efficiently through cell-cell transmission to develop viral resistance. Blocking cell-cell transmission using entry inhibitors allows to prevent the emergence of DAA-resistant virus and potentiates the antiviral efficacy of DAAs to clear HCV infection. In summary, we provide novel strategies to enhance antiviral efficacy by combining entry inhibitors and DAAs and to prevent viral resistance by blocking viral cell-cell transmission
LE, POGAM SOPHIE. "Typage du virus de l'hepatite c : epidemiologie moleculaire de la transmission." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR3303.
Повний текст джерелаGirard, Anne. "Recherche d'une transmission hétérosexuelle du virus de l'hépatite C : à propos de 26 couples." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25037.
Повний текст джерелаBradshaw, Daniel Mark. "Defining risk factors and mechanisms of permucosal transmission of HCV amongst HIV-infected men who have sex with men." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709469.
Повний текст джерелаBerto, Alessandra. "Hepatitis E virus : identification and evaluation of the potential for zoonotic transmission in the pork food chain." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.576103.
Повний текст джерелаGonçales, Neiva Sellan Lopes. "Hepatite C em doadores de sangue : diagnostico pela reação de transição reversa e reação em cadeia da polimerase (RT-PCR) e sua correlação com os testes imunoenzimatico (EIA) e imunoblot recombinante (RIBA)." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309322.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: No Brasil, previne-se a transmissão por transfusão sangüínea do vírus da hepatite C com a triagem dos doadores de sangue realizada por meio da pesquisa do anti VHC pelo método de EIA e dosagem dos níveis séricos da ALT. A especificidade da triagem do anti-VHC por EIA, em populações de baixa soroprevalência, tem sido questionada. Assim, para avaliar-se a eficácia desta triagem, pesquisou-se a presença, com o uso da RT-PCR, do RNA viral em amostras de doadores de sangue, procurando-se, também, estabelecer as associações entre os resultados desta reação e os testes de EIA e RIBA. Procurou-se, ainda, detectar marcadores teciduais para o VHC, com a utilização de Um anticorpo monoclonal específico, pela técnica de imuno-histoquímica eimunofluorescência em cortes de tecido hepático parafinado. Foram estudadas 196 amostras de soro, coletadas no período de janeiro de 1994 a dezembro de 1995. Entre estas, 178 foram selecionadas de uma população de doadores de sangue voluntários do Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia da UNICAMP e, 18 de pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório do Grupo de Estudos das Hepatites da Disciplina de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas desta Universidade. Dos 178, 147 (82,6%) apresentaram-se à triagem com resultados repetidamente reagentes para o anti- VHC e não-reagentes para o HBsBAg, anti-HBc, anti-lllV1/2, anti-HTL VI/IT, além de serem negativos para marcadores da Doença de Chagas e Sífilis. Os 31 (17,4%) restantes eram repetidamente negativos para todos os marcadores sorológicos acima citados e apresentavam níveis de AL T nonnais (grupo controle). As 18 amostras de pacientes estudadas eram negativas para a pesquisa do anti-HIV1/2 e foram investigadas sorologicamente para os diferentes tipos de hepatites, de acordo com a avaliação clínica. Os 14 T doadores foram subagrupados de acordo com os critérios baseados nas leituras das densidades ópticas das amostras em relação ao "cutoff' (DO/C) do teste de ElA para o anti-VHC e o nível de ALT. A seqüência do RNA do VHC foi detectada pela RT- "nested" PCR, utilizando-se "primers" da região 5' não-transcrita, que é a mais conservada do genoma viral. O ensaio de "imunnoblot" recombinante (RIBA-2) também foi realizado nas mesmas amostras. No subgrupo considerado ElA fortemente reagente, 95,4% apresentaram aumento nos níveis séricos de ALT, enquanto que no sub-grupo ElA fTacamente reagente apenas, 47,1% tiveram níveis de ALT elevados. No subgrupo ElA fortemente reagente houve 96,9% de co-positividade com o teste de RIBA. A realização deste mostrou-se necessária para definir a condição sorológica dos indivíduos EIA fracamente reagente, uma vez que apenas 53% confirmaram a positividade inicial, permanecendo 23,5% como indeterminados e 23,5% como negativos. Observou-se uma relação direta entre a reatividade contra o antígeno do core do VHC (c22.3) e a presença de partículas virais no soro. Entre os RIBA indeterminados (reativos apenas para o c22.3), 87,5% apresentaram positividade para a RT-PCR. Em 91,5% dos indivíduos com EIA fortemente reagente, detectou-se o RNA do VHC pela RT-PCR contra apenas 17,6% no subgrupo EIA fracamente reagente. A concordância entre os resultados positivos de RIBA e RT-PCR foi de 85,9%. Por estes achados conclui-se que os dois testes devam ser aplicados isolada ou seqüencialmente para confirmar a infecção pelo VHC, principalmente em populações com baixas prevalências da mesma, como é o caso dos doadores de sangue. Entre os indivíduos com hepatite crônica histologicamente confirmada não se encontrou nenhum caso com resultado de RIBA negativo. Em 92,3% deste grupo observou-se positividade para o RNA do VHC pela RT-PCR. Os testes de ElA e RIBA utilizados neste estudo apresentaram alta sensibilidade e especificidade, considerando-se como população positiva aqueles indivíduos com diagnósticos histopatológicos de hepatites crônicas, com positividade para aRT-PCR. Assim, conclui-se que a triagem sorológica, em nosso serviço, para prevenir a transmissão do VHC, na transfusão de sangue, mostrou-se eficiente e capaz de selecionar os doadores infectados, principalmente se for usada como critério a relação DO/C no teste de ELA. A utilização do anticorpo monoclonal específico, TORDJI-22, em tecido hepático parafinado pela técnica de imuno-histoquímica ou imunofluorescência não permitiu evidenciar a presença do VHC neste tecido em nossa casuística. Os testes de triagem sorológica (ELA e RIBA) associados ao método de RTPCR e ao diagnóstico anátomo-patológico propiciarão ao clínico manipular melhor as interrelações e as variáveis envolvidas na infecção pelo vírus C
Abstract: The transmission of hepatitis C virus in Brazil is currently monitored either by an anti-HCV enzyme-immunoassay (ElA) or by the deterrnination of ALT serum levels. However specificity of the anti-HCV ElA in low seroprevalence populations has been questioned. ln order to evaluate the efficiency of this test, blood samples were screened for the presence of viral RNA using RT -PCR and the results then compared with those of the ElA and recombinant protein immunoblot assay (RIBA) tests. lmmunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence of paraffin embedded hepatic tissue were employed to detect HCV tis sue markers using a specific monoclonal antibody. A total of 178 serum samples obtained ITom voluntary blood donors at the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center (UNICAMP) and 18 samples from patients who were attended by the Hepatitis Group of the lnfectious and Parasitic Diseases Unit were studied between January, 1994 and December 1995. One hundred and forty-seven samples (82.6%) consistently reacted with antiHCV antibody but not with HBsBAg, anti-HBc, anti-HIV1/2, or anti-HTL VIlII antibodies; these samples were negative for syphilis and the Chagas' disease. The remaining 31 samples (17.4%) were consistently negative for all of the above serological markers and showed normal ALT levels (control group). The 18 samples obtained from hepatitis patients were negative for anti-HIV1/2 antibody. The 147 positive donors were divided into subgroups based on the outoff (C) for the optical density readings (OD) of the anti-HCV ElA test and on their ALT levels. The RNA sequence of HCV was detected by RT-nested PCR using primers from the 5' non-transcribted region which is the most conserved of the viral genome. A RIBA-2 was also performed on these samples. The majority (95.4%) of the samples that gave a strongly reactive EIA result also showed an increase in the serum AL T levels while only 47.1 % of the weakly reactive EIA subgroup had elevated serum AL T levels. The co-positivity of the EIA test with the RIBA test in the strongly reactive EIA subgroup was 96.9%.The RIBA test proved to be important and necessary in defining the serological status of the weakly reactive EIA subgroup; thus, 53% of the samples were EIA positivite, 23.5% were negative and in 23.5% was not determined. There was a direct positive relationship between the reactivity to the HCV core (c22.3) and the presence of serum viral particles. Among indeterminate RIBA results (reactive only to c22.3) 87.5% were positive by RT-PCR. HCV-RNA was detected in 91.5% of the strongly reactive EIA samples compared to only 17.6% observed in the weakly reactive EIA group. There was a high level of agreement 85.9% between the RIBA results and RT-PCR test. Based on this findings these two tests may be used either separately or sequentially to conflrm an HCV infection, particularly in populations whese the prevalence ofthis infection is low (as in the case ofblood donors). There were no RIBA negative results in individual with histologically conflrmed chronic hepatitis. Using RTPCR, RNA-HCV was detected in 92.3% of this group. Our results showed a high sensitivity and specificity for EIA and RIBA tests in individuaIs with a histopathological diagnosis ofchronic hepatitis and who were positive by the RT-PCR test. In conclusion, the serological screening as performed in our laboratory for HCV transmission in blood transfusions is efficient and capable of detecting infected donors, particularly if the OD/C report of the EIA test is used as a criterion. The specific monoclonal antibody TORDll-22 was unable to detect the presence of HCV in the hepatic tissue evaluated by immunohistochemical br immunofluorescent techniques. The EIA and RIBA tests, association with RT-PCR method and anatomicopathological diagnosis, may be useful in evaluating the relationships and parameters involved HCV infections
Doutorado
Anatomia Patologica
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
Sloan, Richard David. "Studies into the transmission of hepatitis B virus that mutate following therapy with nucleoside analogues and the potential for such transmission to be serologically undetectable." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445917/.
Повний текст джерелаChotun, Bibi Nafiisah. "The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in an HIV-exposed paediatric cohort from the Western Cape, South Africa." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71771.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Despite the availability of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination for over three decades, this infection remains a major public health problem. Whilst the WHO recommends giving a birth dose of the vaccine, in South Africa, routine infant HBV vaccination commences at six weeks of age. This schedule is based on data from the pre-HIV era which showed transmission occurred via the horizontal, rather than the vertical route. In the era of HIV however, maternal HIV co-infection may release HBV from immune control, resulting in higher HBV loads and increasing the risk of vertical transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and character of HBV infection in HIV-exposed infected and uninfected infants. Residual plasma samples from routine HIV nucleic acid testing of 1000 HIV-exposed infants aged between 0 and 18 months from the Western Cape were tested. Samples were tested for HBsAg by ELISA (Murex HBsAg Version 3) and confirmed by neutralisation. HBV DNA was quantified using an in-house real-time PCR assay. Infants with HBsAg positive samples were followed up and a blood sample was collected from mother and child. Those HBsAg positive samples were tested for HBeAg/antiHBe (Diasorin) and HBsAg negative samples were tested for antiHBs. HBV DNA was quantified. The surface gene was sequenced and the HBV genotype determined by phylogenetic analysis using HepSEQ (www.hepseq.org.uk). Whole genome sequencing was also performed. Of 1000 samples tested, four samples were positive for HBsAg and/or HBV DNA, indicating a prevalence of HBV transmission of 0.4%. At follow-up, two of three infected infants were positive for HBsAg, with HBV viral loads of greater than 108 IU/ml. The third infant was found to have cleared his infection and the fourth child was lost to follow up. These infected infants had all received HBV vaccination. All four mothers were HBeAg positive. Sequencing analysis showed the HBV strains from the two infants and four mothers belonged to subgenotype A1. The two mother-child paired sequences were identical. The data from this study shows that vertical transmission of HBV infection in HIV-exposed infants from the Western Cape is occurring, despite vaccination. Data from the Western Cape, showing an HBV prevalence of 3.4% in HIV-infected pregnant women, and those presented here suggest a vertical transmission rate of HBV of 12%. This is despite the widespread use of tenofovir and lamivudine in HIV-infected women with low CD4 counts. This study provides data supporting calls to bring HBV vaccination closer to the time of birth. Further work is urgently needed to confirm these findings and to determine the rates of transmission in HIV-unexposed infants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ten spyte van die beskikbaarheid van die Hepatitis B virus (HBV) inenting vir meer as drie dekades, hierdie infeksie bly 'n groot openbare gesondheid probleem. Terwyl die WGO aan beveel dat'n geboorte dosis van die entstof, in Suid-Afrika, roetine baba HBV inenting op die ouderdom van ses weke gegee word. Hierdie skedule is gebaseer op data van die pre-MIV era wat getoon het dat die oordrag plaasgevind het via die horisontale, eerder as die vertikale roete. In die era van MIV egter, moeder MIV ko-infeksie kan HBV vrylaat van immuun beheer, wat lei in hoër HBV vlakke en die verhoging van die risiko van vertikale oordrag. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die voorkoms en karakter van die HBV infeksie in MIV-besmette en onbesmette babas te bepaal. Residuele plasma monsters van roetine-MIV-nukleïensuur toetse van 'n 1000 MIV-blootgestelde babas tussen die ouderdomme van 0 en 18 maande van die Wes-Kaap was getoets. Monsters was getoets vir HBsAg deur ELISA (Murex HBsAg Version 3) en bevestig deur neutralisering. HBV DNA is gekwantifiseer deur gebruik te maak van 'n in-huis real-time PCR assay. Babas met HBsAg positiewe monsters was opgevolg en 'n bloedmonster is versamel van moeder en kind. Die HBsAg positiewe monsters was getoets vir HBeAg/antiHBe (Diasorin) en HBsAg negatiewe monsters was getoets vir antiHBs. HBV DNA was gekwantifiseer. Die oppervlak gene volgorde en genotipes was bepaal deur filogenetiese analise met behulp van HepSEQ (www.hepseq.org.uk). Die hele genoom-volgordebepaling was ook uitgevoer. Van die 1000 monsters wat getoets was, was vier monsters positief vir HBsAg en of HBV DNA, dit dui op 'n voorkoms van HBV oordrag van 0.4%. By op volg, twee van die drie besmette babas was positief vir HBsAg, met HBV virale vlakke van groter as 108 IE/ml. Die derde baba was gevind dat sy infeksie opgeklaar het en die vierde kind was verlore as gevolg van op volg. Hierdie besmette babas het almal HBV inenting ontvang. Al vier moeders was HBeAg positief. Volgordebepaling analise het getoon die HBV stamme van die twee babas en vier moeders behoort aan subgenotype A1. Die twee moeder-kind gepaarde rye was homoloë. Die data van hierdie studie toon dat die vertikale oordrag van HBV infeksie in MIV-blootgestelde babas van die Wes-Kaap vind plaas, ten spyte van inenting. Data van die Wes-Kaap, wat 'n HBV voorkoms van 3.4% in MIV-besmette swanger vroue, en dié wat hier aangebied is dui op 'n vertikale oordrag koers van 12% van die HBV. Dit is ten spyte van die wydverspreide gebruik van tenofovir en lamivudine in MIV-geïnfekteerde vroue met 'n lae CD4-telling. Hierdie studie bied data wat ondersteunende oproepe van HBV inenting nader aan die tyd van die geboorte bring. Verdere werk is dringend nodig om die bevindinge te bevestig en die pryse van die oordrag in MIV-blootgestelde babas te bepaal.
National Health Laboratory Service Research Trust
Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (PRF)
Harry Crossley Foundation
Stellenbosch University
Schlosser, Josephine [Verfasser]. "Transmission and pathogenesis of hepatitis E virus infection in European wild boar and domestic pigs, and the establishment of a small animal model for hepatitis E / Josephine Schlosser." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073931005/34.
Повний текст джерелаStone, Jack Elliot. "Analysing the role of incarceration in the transmission and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus amongst people who inject drugs." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.743044.
Повний текст джерелаGuinoiseau, Thibault. "Etude des propriétés génétiques et fonctionnelles des variants du virus de l'hépatite C lors d'évènements de transmission." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3301.
Повний текст джерелаIn infected individuals, HCV circulates as a complex mixture of genetically different, but closely related viral variants named quasispecies. In a transmission event, some viral variants are preferentially transmitted. The genetic and functional properties of these variants are still unknown. The aim of our work was to identify molecular determinants of E1E2 associates with a greater capacity of transmission. We also intend to study the functional properties of transmitted and no transmitted variants, as for example sensibility to autologous neutralization. Studied sera samples were obtained from three women and their child infected by the HCV, who were participating in HIV prevention clinical trial for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV in Thailand. Quasispecies were studied with single genome amplification (SGA) followed by deep sequencing (Illumina). A decrease in intra-host diversity (genetic bottleneck) was observed in the viral population of child near birth (week 6) compared with that observed in the mother (just before delivery). For 2 pairs, the major variant observed in the mother was the same as the major one identified in the child. Retroviral pseudotypes (HCVpp), bearing each transmitted and non-transmitted envelope glycoproteins were produced. For each one, the level of infectivity on HuH7 cells was measured as well as the neutralizing activity of the autologous sera. For the first pair, the major variant (transmitted) appears resistant to autologous neutralization. For the second pair, the transmitted minor variant appears slightly resistant to autologous neutralization. A non-transmitted major variant is sensitive to autologous neutralization. Complementary studies with HCV derived from cell culture (HCVcc) are in progress We hope that the results of this study may be helpful to better understand early steps of HCV infection, which is of great interest for the development of immunoprophylaxis and vaccine strategies
Latthaphasavang, Vatthanaphone. "Suivi prospectif d’une cohorte de femmes enceintes chroniquement infectées par le virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) et de leurs enfants en RDP Laos." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1336/document.
Повний текст джерелаBackground: An estimated 257 million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission accounts for the majority of new chronic HBV carriers, especially in Asia. HBV can be transmitted in utero, during delivery or during infancy and later. About 80–90% of infants infected at birth will develop a chronic HBV infection, and will have a high risk of developing serious complications including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related death during adult age. We aimed at assessing the percentage of infants successfully immunized in two major hospitals in Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) where HB immune globulin (HBIg) is not available. Methods: We studied a prospective cohort of chronically HBV infected pregnant women and their infants until 6 months post-partum from January 2015 to March 2017. All infants received the HB vaccine at birth and 6, 10 and 14 weeks thereafter, and their HBV status was assessed at 6 months of age. HBV surface gene sequencing was performed in infected mother-infant pairs.Results: Of 153 mothers with HB surface antigen (HBsAg), 60 (39%) had detectable serum HBe antigen (HBeAg). HBeAg positive pregnant women were younger than those negative (median age 26 versus 28 years; p=0.02) and had a significantly higher HBV viral load at delivery (median 8.0 versus 4.0 log10 IU/mL, p <0.001). A total of 141 infants including a pair of twins were included in the study and information at the time of vaccine administration after birth was available for 112 newborns. Of these, 110 (98%) received the HepB-BD within 24 hours after birth. One newborn received the vaccine 26 hours after birth because the vaccine was not available at the delivery room, and another newborn 3 days after birth due to fetal distress, which was erroneously considered to be a vaccine contra-indication. Among the 120 infants assessed at 6 months of age, 5 (4%) were positive for HBsAg and had a detectable HBV viral load by polymerase chain reaction. All were born to mothers with HBeAg and a viral load >8.5 log10 IU/mL. However, only four (3.3%, 95% CI 0.5% to 7.0 %) had a virus strain closely related to their mother’s strain. HBV surface gene mutations were detected in 4 of the 5 infected infants (G145G/R, G145G/A, M133T, M133I). Anti-HBs antibody level was above 10 IU/L in 105 (88%) infants at 6 months of age. Conclusions: Mother-to-child transmission occurred less frequently than expected without the use of HBIg. Adding HBIg and/or maternal antiviral prophylaxis may have prevented some of these infections. The observation of unsatisfactory levels of anti-HBs antibodies in 9% of the uninfected infants at 6 months highlights the need for improvement of the universal immunization procedures
Guo, Hailong. "Antigenic epitope composition and protectivity of avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV) ORF2 protein and vertical transmission of avian HEV." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.
Знайти повний текст джерелаLahlou, Safaâ. "Epidémiologie de l'hépatite C : prévalence dans le groupe hospitalier Lariboisière, F. Widal durant l'année 1998." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P198.
Повний текст джерелаLima, Maria Patelli Juliani Souza. "Infecção pelo virus da hepatite C entre parturientes : soroprevalencia, analise dos fatores de risco, infectividade e transmissão vertical." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311835.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O estudo realizado no Hospital Universitário da Pontifícia Universidade Católica (PUC) de Campinas entre janeiro de 1994 e julho de 1998 constou de duas partes: a primeira, sobre a soroprevalência do VHC entre parturientes, os fatores de risco envolvidos e o potencial de infectividade entre as mulheres com anti-VHC-EIA positivo, e a segunda, sobre a transmissão vertical do VHC. Na investigação da prevalência dessa infecção, participaram 6.995 mulheres que tiveram o sangue coletado na sala de parto e que responderam a uma entrevista padrão, realizada durante a internação, objetivando a pesquisa de antecedentes epidemiológicos relativos a microorganismos veiculados pelas vias sangüínea e (ou) sexual. Utilizaram-se análises de associação e modelos de regressão múltipla na relação da positividade do RIBA e da presença do RNA-VHC com as variáveis epidemiológicas. A prevalência anti-VHC pelo EIA-3 foi de 1,5% (104/6.995) e de 0,8% após o RIBA-3. Nessa população, obteve-se também a positividade do anti-HIV-EIA de 1,0% e de 0,9% segundo o "Western blot"; a positividade do HBsAg de 0,5% e do anti-HBc de 6,8%; 0,9% de positividade anú-T.pallidum (VDRL e FTA-ABS). Com o teste RT-PCR, pesquisou-se o RNA-VHC em 75 mulheres reativas ao anti- VHC-EIA, e 35 (46,7%) amostras foram positivas. Das 47 amostras com RIBA reagente, 20 (42,6%) apresentaram níveis alterados de ALT, com RNA-VHC em 90% delas, e nas 12 amostras indeterminadas, 2 (16,7%) tinham níveis alterados de ALT, com RNA presente em 50%. No modelo de regressão logística múltipla, as cinco variáveis preditoras da positividade do RIBA, marcador de infecção prévia pelo VHC, foram: uso de bebida alcoólica, transfusão de sangue, pertencer a raça negra, antecedente de DST e anti-HBc positivo. Não foi possível compor esse modelo com a variável uso de drogas injetáveis e VDRL positivo. Repetiu-se a análise multivariada, após controlar as variáveis relativas à transmissão parenteral do VHC, para explorar o potencial da via sexual na transmissão do VHC. Antecedente de DST, presença do anti-HBc, ter ou ter tido parceiro sexual com história de hepatite ou parceiro heterossexual promíscuo foram determinantes da positividade do RIBA. Procurou-se associar os resultados do teste RT-PCR às características do RIBA, aos níveis de ALT, à co-infecção pelo HIV ou VHB e às variáveis epidemiológicas estudadas. Na análise multivariada, as variáveis que estimaram a presença do RNA-VHC foram as interações das bandas cl00-3 - c33c e c22-3 - c33c. Na segunda parte deste estudo, referente à transmissão vertical do VHC, participaram 61 mulheres com anti-VHC-EIA positivo e os respectivos filhos, de 72 partos acompanhados seqüencialmente. Entre o 2° e o 18° mês de vida, coletou-se, no mínimo, uma amostra de sangue. Dessas 72 crianças, 45 tinham mães com RIBA positivo, 13 indeterminado e 14 negativo, sendo 42 delas filhas de mulheres com viremia (39 com RIBA positivo e 03 indeterminado). Dentre os 42 lactentes, incluindo 09 filhos de mães co-infectadas pelo HIV, um apresentou repetidamente o RNA-VHC aos quatro meses de idade, evoluindo com alterações nos níveis de ALT entre o 7º e 11° mês de vida. A positividade da sorologia anti-VHC (EIA e RIBA) desta criança manteve-se até o 18° mês de vida, atendendo ao critério diagnóstico proposto para infecção vertical pelo VHC. A taxa de transmissão foi de 2,4% (01 em 42) e de 3% ao se excluírem as crianças de mulheres co-infectadas pelo HIV (01 em 33). Este estudo demonstrou que a prevalência anti-VHC-EIA entre as mulheres grávidas é superior à dos doadores de sangue do mesmo hospital; que a exposição sexual pode ser um importante fator na disseminação do VHC; e que a transmissão vertical do VHC ocorre, porém, com freqüência baixa
Abstract: This study performed at the University Hospital of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas) between January of 1994 and July of 1998 was divided into two parts: the first was about the HCV prevalence among parturients, the risk factors involved in it and the infectivity potential among anti HCV-EIA positive women; the second one was about vertical transmission of the HCV. A total of 6995 women have participated in the HCV prevalence study. The women answered a standard questionnaire during their stay in the hospital and had their blood collected in the obstetric center. These two procedures were performed in order to study the epidemiological history related to pathogens of sexual or blood-borne transmission. Analyses of association and models of multiple regression were utilized in association of the RIBA and HCV RNA positivity with the epidemiological variables. The anti-HCV seroprevalence by EIA-3 was 1.5% (104/6995) and after RIBA-3 was 0.8%. It was obtained in this population anti-HIV-EIA seropositivity of 1.0% and 0.9% according to the Western blot; HBsAg positivity of 0.5% and anti-HBc of 6.8%; and 0.9% of the anti T.pallidum positivity (VDRL and FTA-abs). The HCV RNA was studied, utilizing RT-PCR, in 75 anti-HCV-EIA reactive women, resulting in 35 (46,7%) positive samples. Of the 47 RIBA-reactive samples, 20 (42,6%) showed abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels with HCV RNA in 90% of them and, of the 12 eterminate samples, 2 (16,7%) had abnormal ALT levels with HCV RNA in 50% of them. In the model of multiple logistic regression, five independent predictors of RIBA positivity, the marker of previous HCV infection, were: alcohol use, blood transfusion, race (blacks), a history of STD and anti-HBc positivity. It was not possible to build this model with the variables - injectable drug use and positive VDRL . The model of multiple logistic regression was repeated, after controlling for parenteral exposure, in order to explore the potential of the sexual via in HCV transmission. A history of STD, anti-HBc positivity and having or having had promiscuous heterosexual partner or sex partner with a history of hepatitis were determinants of RIBA positivity. The results of RT-PCR test were tested in the association with the characteristics of RIBA results, with ALT levels, with HIV or VHB coinfection, and with the epidemiological variables studied. In the multivariate analysis, RNA HCV was estimated by interactions of the C100 - C33c and of the C22-3 - C33c bands. A total of 61 anti-HCV-EIA-positive women and their respective children, of 72 sequentially assisted deliveries, participated in the second part of this study, which was about HCV vertical transmission. Between the 2nd and the 18th month of age, at least oneblood sample was collected from mother-child. Forty-five out of these children had RIBA-positive mothers; 13 had indeterminate RIBA; and 14 had negative RIBA. Forty-two of them were children of women with viremia: 39 had RIBA-positive mothers and 3 indeterminate. Among the 42 infants there were 09 whose mothers were HIV coinfected. From this total of 42, one presented the RNA-HCV repeatedly at the fourth month of age and he also showed abnormal ALT levels between 7° and 11° month of age. Anti-HCV (EIA and RIB A) positivity of this child was kept until the 18th month of live, according to the proposed diagnostic criteria of vertical transmission. The transmission rate was 2.4% (1 in 42) and 3%, being excluded the children of the HIV-coinfected women (1 in 33). This study has demonstrated that anti-HCV-EIA prevalence was higher in pregnant women than in blood donors of the same hospital; that sexual exposure may be an important factor to the spreading of HCV; and that vertical HCV transmission occurs, but with a low frequency
Doutorado
Clinica Medica
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
Viñolas, Tolosa Maria. "Transmissió vertical del virus de l’hepatitis C. Factors de risc, història natural dels nens infectats i evolució a llarg termini." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384220.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: The VT-HCV occurs in 5-15% of cases and depends on maternal risk factors, obstetric and neonatal. So far there is little information on the evolution of infected children beyond the first two or three years. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of VT-HCV, risk factors and long-term evolution of infected children. Patients and Methods: Prospective cohort study of 120 HCV-infected pregnant women and their children born at the Hospital del Mar in Barcelona between January 1994 and December 1996, with follow-up of 36 months for all children and 17-20 years for infected children. Maternal and obstetric data recorded and performed HCV RNA qualitative and quantitative pregnant women for childbirth. Data recorded track of neonatal and children every three months to a year and a half every 6 months to 3 years, collecting growth data and testing liver, HCV antibody and HCV-RNA. The infected children are visited every six months, performing liver tests and HCV-RNA, and in case of chronic hepatitis, liver biopsy. Results: The average age of mothers was 28.2 ± 5.0 years. The route of transmission of HCV was mainly intravenous drug addiction (ADVP), present in 79 mothers (65.8%); 22 mothers (18.3%) were diagnosed with chronic active hepatitis; 50 (41.7%) were coinfected with HIV and 34 (28.8%) consumed heroin during pregnancy. HCV infection were in 14 newborns, giving a flat rate of HCV 11.7% (95% CI 6.0 to 17.5). This rate increases to 14% (95% CI 6.7 to 21.3) in HCV-RNA positive mothers, at 16.0% (95% CI 11.9 to 20.2) in HIV co-infected mothers, at 29.2% (95% CI 11.0 to 47.4) in mothers with chronic hepatitis and 21.8% (95% CI 11.0 to 32.7) in mothers with sociopath. Risk factors for vertical transmission were statistically significant maternal viral load to part with a flat rate of mothers with HCV viral load> 3.9 x105 copies / mL of 40% (95% CI: 18.5 to 61 5), the presence of chronic hepatitis maternal, maternal age lower than 25.0 ± 4.7 years, maternal sociopath and the presence of neonatal drug abstinence syndrome. There are risk factors for HIV and HCV coinfection mother, the ADVP, the type of part or the sex of the baby. None of the 13 children born by elective caesarean section have been infected by VT. Monitoring of infected children show good clinical evolution, without acute hepatitis but mild activity chronic hepatitis on liver biopsy. The spontaneous clearence rate is 72.7% and the factors that influence is lower maternal HCV viral load at delivery and serotypes non-1. Children with spontaneous clearance showed less determinations positive HCV-RNA and lowed viral load during the first year of life. HCV infected children followed until adulthood have needed psychiatric monitoring in the 63% cases and 73% have social risk behaviors. None of them appears intravenous drug addiction. Conclusions: The rate of HCV TV is 11.7% and is influenced mainly by maternal viral load, also influencing the chronic hepatitis in pregnant women, the younger of the mother and sociopath. The elective cesarean might be protective factor. 72.7% of children infected have spontaneous clearence, especially during the first three years of life. The sociopath of their parents influence the physical, social and psychiatric evolution of infected children.
Williams, John. "A mathematical model of the dynamics of hepatitis B virus transmission in the UK under the influence of different vaccination control strategies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298721.
Повний текст джерелаPalmateer, Norah E. "Determining the effectiveness of harm reduction interventions in the prevention of hepatitis C virus transmission among people who inject drugs in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5234/.
Повний текст джерелаMoal, Valérie. "Infections par virus de l'hépatite E après transplantation rénale à Marseille." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5042.
Повний текст джерелаHepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic worldwide. In developing countries, HEV is a major cause of acute hepatitis and hepatitis E is a disease transmitted by the faecal-oral route through contaminated water. The estimated mortality rate of acute hepatitis E in the setting of outbreaks ranges from 0.2 to 4%. In developed countries, hepatitis E of autochthonous origin emerged at the beginning of twenty-first century and a porcine reservoir for HEV has been established that is a source for zoonotic transmission. In 2008, for the first time, chronic forms of hepatitis E have been reported showing that HEV was also a cause of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. These new forms of hepatitis E have been reported in immunocompromised patients due to solid organ transplantation, infection by human immunodeficiency virus, hematological malignancies or treatment of these malignancies. The objectives of this Thesis have been to describe the clinical and epidemiological features of hepatitis E, to examine some immunological aspects of the host and some virological aspects of HEV in order to understand the mechanisms leading to the development of chronic hepatitis E in the population of kidney transplant recipients followed at the University Hospital of Marseille. In a retrospective study, we described the characteristics and natural history of 16 HEV infections diagnosed in patients presenting with unexplained hepatitis. We described that hepatitis E progressed the most frequently towards chronicity and possibly towards liver cirrhosis. We showed that after dose reduction of immunosuppressants, more than half of the chronic infections resolved
URAN, MARTIN MARIE-HELENE. "Transmission antenatale du virus de l'hepatite b : recurrence de l'infection avec hepatite mortelle chez deux nouveau-nes d'une mere porteuse chronique de l'antigene hbs." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M036.
Повний текст джерелаSicart-Prieu, Marie-Christine. "Evaluation du risque de transmission de l'infection virale C par les pinces à biopsie au cours d'endoscopie digestive." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11177.
Повний текст джерелаAndriamandimby, Soa Fy. "Infection par le virus de l'Hépatite B à Madagascar : prévalence, facteurs de risque d'infection, diversité génétique, origine et dynamique de transmission." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV046.
Повний текст джерелаMadagascar is part of endemic region of HBV. Distribution is different in rural and urban area. The historic of human settlement and its insularity might impact distribution and molecular characteristic of HBV in Madagascar, we then supposed that difference observed in distribution and prevalence of HBV were due to viral variability and different pattern of viral transmission. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis was to determine molecular and epidemiological pattern that may influence dynamic transmission and complications of infection. Results: weighted prevalence of HBsAg was 6.9%. It varied from 3% to 26% according to area of sampling. Populations with a low socio-economic status and those living in rural areashad a significantly higher seroprevalence of HBsAg. Gene flow study showed rural area remain important in virus diffusion.HBV infection was found to be responsible of 31% of chronic liver disease encountered in the main public hospital in the capital of the country. Because of its recent emergence, its introduction dated from XIX century during colonization period. Its expansion during 1980s might be due to use of unsafe injection material mainly during malaria epidemic. Conclusion: The result of these work allowed us to advocate for a policy of struggle, in particular in the very remote areas of the island where the HBsAg prevalence is the most important and where care and preventive measures such as vaccinations are scarce
Epeirier, Jean-Marie. "Evaluation de la transmission sexuelle du virus de l'hépatite C : étude prospective de 63 couples (associée à l'étude du génotype viral chez 12 couples dont les 2 conjoints sont infectés par le VHC)." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11127.
Повний текст джерелаWasserscheid, Katharina [Verfasser], and Barbara [Akademischer Betreuer] Gärtner. "Eine Kosten-Effektivitäts-Analyse der Impfung von Blutspendern zur Reduktion der Transmission des Hepatitis-B-Virus im Rahmen von Bluttransfusionen / Katharina Wasserscheid ; Betreuer: Barbara Gärtner." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1132133750/34.
Повний текст джерелаChidaine, Stéphane. "Epidémiologie du virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) en Afrique et dans l'Océan Indien : prévalence et transmission; revue bibliographique." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2M044.
Повний текст джерелаClaret, Teruel Gemma. "Història natural i factors pronòstics de la infecció per transmissió vertical del virus de la hepatitis C. Efectes del tractament antiviral i implicació de la co-infecció pel virus de la immunodeficiència humana." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2498.
Повний текст джерелаÉs probable que els pacients infectats durant la infancia, tal com passa en els adults, es mantinguin asimptomàtics durant un llarg període de temps, tot i que s'han descrit casos de cirrosi en un temps inferior als 10 anys. Donada l'absència de manifestacions clíniques en les primeres fases de la infecció, s'han estudiat diversos marcadors analítics per a definir la progressió de la malaltia.
En l'actualitat, es disposa d'un tractament antiviral eficaç (interferó pegil·lat més ribavirina) per a la infecció crònica pel VHC. Aquest tractament ha estat autoritzat recentment per a la població pediàtrica. L'absència de comorbilitats i el curt temps d'evolució de la infecció converteixen al nen infectat pel VHC en el candidat ideal per a obtenir altes taxes de curació de la malaltia.
En els darrers anys, la infecció pel VIH ha esdevingut una patologia de curs crònic mentre que l'hepatopatia és actualment una de les principals causes de morbilitat i mortalitat en els pacients co-infectats. En el pacient pediàtric co-infectat les consideracions prèvies sobre l'inici de tractament específic esdevenen especialment rellevants, ja que les probabilitats d'èxit del mateix probablement es relacionin amb la seva precocitat.
Els objectius principals del nostre estudi són definir les característiques de la transmissió vertical del VHC en el nostre medi, descriure la història natural de la infecció crònica pel VHC en l'edat pediàtrica i establir el paper de la co-infecció pel VIH en l'evolució natural de la infecció crònica pel VHC en el nen.
Per això hem dissenyat dos estudis prospectius observacionals que inclouen els fills de mares infectades pel VHC nascuts al nostre centre entre gener del 1999 i desembre del 2006 (estudi 1) i els nens infectats pel VHC controlats en el nostre centre (estudi 2). Tots elspacients han estat seguit de forma prospectiva.
Les principals conclusions dels estudis són les següents: Estudi 1: La taxa prevalença de la infecció pel VHC en les gestants és del 0.49%. La taxa de transmissió vertical del VHC és del 2.8%. Existeix una relació entre la co-infecció materna pel VIH i la transmissió vertical del VHC en el grup de pacients estudiats. Estudi 2: La majoria dels pacients romanen asimptomàtics i sense troballes clíniques al llarg del seguiment. La meitat dels pacients estan infectats pels genotips 1a o 1b; en els fills de mare UDVP, hi predominen les infeccions pels genotips 3 i 4. La biòpsia hepàtica mostra signes d'hepatitis crònica en la majoria dels casos. D'entre els pacients no tractats, un 12% evolucionen al clearence espontani de la infecció (tots ells són pacients infectats per transmissió vertical) mentre que el 82% dels pacients evolucionen a un patró d'hepatitis crònica. La taxa de prevalença de cirrosi és de l'1.8%. Només 4 de 27 pacients tractats amb interferó en monoteràpia durant 12 mesos assoleixen el clearence de la virèmia. El 86% dels pacients pateixen efectes secundaris del tractament, tot i que solen ser lleus. Els pacients co-infectats mostren unes xifres màximes d'ALT més altes que la resta i evolucionen en la majoria de casos seguint un patró d'hepatitis crònica.
HCV infection is the main cause of hepatopathy worldwide. Children represent a small proportion of the infected people and vertical transmision is the main way of acquisition in childhood.
Patients infected during childhood will probably remain asymptomatic for a long time, as happens in adults, but some cases of cirrhosis have been described. Regarding the lack of clinical manifestations during the first years of the infection, several serum markers have been studied to define the progression of the illness.
Nowadays an efective treatment is available (pegilated interferon plus ribavirin) for the chronic HCV infection and it has been recently authorised for childhood. The absence of comorbilities and the short course of the infection will probably lead to a higher rate of response in this group of patients. Early treatment will probably be effective also in HIV co-infected patients.
Main objectives of our study are to define HCV vertical transmission in our media, to describe natural history of the chronic HCV infection in childhood and to stablish the role of HIV co-infection in the evolution of HCV infection.
Two prospective studies have been conducted. They include children from HCV infected mothers born in our center between january 1999 and december 2006 (Study 1) and HCV infected children visited in our center (Study 2).
Main conclusions of our study are: Study 1: Prevalence rate of HCV infection among pregnant women is 0.49%. HCV vertical transmision is 2.8%. There is a relation between vertical transmision and maternal HIV co-infection. Study 2: Most of the HCV infected patients remain asymtomatic during the follow up. Half of the patients belong to 1a or 1b HCV genotipes; in children born from drug users genotipes 3 and 4 are frequent. 12% of the patients that have'nt received treatment experiment spontaneous clearence of the infection (all are vertically infected) while 82% end in a chronic hepatitis. Prevalence rate of cirrhosis is 1.8%. Only 4 of 27 patients treated with interferon reach the clearence of the viremia and 86% suffer secundary effects, usually mild. Co-infected patients have higher ALT determinations and usually end in a chronic hepatitis.
Zarski, Jean-Pierre. "Virus de l'hépatite B : mise en évidence du génome viral et étude des mutations pré-C." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10217.
Повний текст джерелаL'Hôte, Catherine. "Etude rétrospective sur les patients transfusés dans un service de réanimation médicale de 1980 à 1985 et essai de suivi post-transfusionnel." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11175.
Повний текст джерелаFenaux, Honorine. "Étude de la circulation du virus de l’hépatite E entre l’Homme et l’environnement par caractérisation moléculaire de souches humaines et environnementales." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0108.
Повний текст джерелаHepatitis E virus (HEV) causes hepatitis in humans. Although HEV infection is mainly self-limiting, chronic forms have been described in immunocompromised patients. Four major genotypes have been described. Genotypes 1 and 2 circulate in developing countries where they only infect humans with a waterborne transmission. Genotypes 3 and 4 mainly circulate in developed countries where they infect humans and some animals (pigs, wild boars, deer), and are transmitted to humans through consumption of an infected animal’s raw or undercooked meat. However, HEV transmission paths are still unclear in developed countries and a waterborne transmission is suspected. The aim of this work was to clarify HEV circulation in North-Eastern France (as a model of a developed country). We have studied human, wild boar, farm pig samples, effluent water from a pig slaughterhouse, incoming water of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and little pure water mussels that can concentrate viruses possibly present in rivers. Genotype 3 HEV has been recovered from human, wild boars, slaughterhouse and WWTP samples. Several amino acid substitutions have been brought out. Some are possible signatures of a sample’s origin. Some lead to modifications in predicted antigenicity and hydrophobicity, which can have consequences on the virus’ behaviour and circulation. Finally, the WWTP samples showed a mixture of variants from different origins, in favour of a role of water in HEV circulation. Functional tests need to be performed to measure the impact of the observed substitutions
Jordier, Edme. "Epidémiologie moléculaire du virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) chez les donneurs de sang français entre 2008 et 2011 : caractérisation de génomes complets du VHC appartenant au génotype 2." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5095.
Повний текст джерелаThe distribution of genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among blood donors French between 2008 and 2011 was analyzed in order to update our knowledge. Genotyping strains identified the diversity of circulating genotypes. Subtypes 1a, 1b and 3a are found predominantly (80 % of strains). Phylogenetic analysis showed a great variability in types 2 and 4 represented by many subtypes. The results show that risk behaviors tend to influence and reshape the distribution of these genotypes in the general population. Some subtypes are spreading risk groups where they eventually adopt an epidemic profile. Finally, donor selection and implementation of diagnostic tests reduced drastically blood contamination. Epidemic data were enriched of new knowledge about the evolution and classification of HCV. 15 complete coding sequences of several strains of type 2 have been characterized. Phylogenetic analysis reveals two distinct clusters. Cluster 1 includes most strains while cluster 2 includes subtype 2l. Genomes obtained have an ORF of 9042 to 9108 bases (3014-3036 amino acids). The average distances between subtypes are equal to 20% in cluster 1 and 26 % between the two clusters. The bifurcation between clusters occurred early during the evolution of the virus. The insertion of 60 bases in the NS5A region characteristic of Type 2 is absent in 2l. So the appearance and fixing it is late in the evolution of the virus
Marsaud, Françoise. "Etude de la séroprévalence du virus C dans la population soignante d'un service d'hémodialyse et d'un service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M050.
Повний текст джерелаKhamduang, Woottichai. "Analyse des mutants du virus de l'hépatite B (VHB) chez des patients co-infectés par le VIH et le VHB en Thaïlande." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR3317/document.
Повний текст джерелаThailand is an endemic area for chronic HBV infection. Despite implementation of HBV vaccination, perinatal HBV transmission remains a major cause of chronic infection. This study aimed at identifying HBV mutants that may be associated with vaccine failure, misdiagnosis of chronic HBV infection and antiviral treatment failure. The dissertation is divided in three parts. In the first part, we analyzed the prevalence of perinatal HBV transmission in a large HIV prevention cohort in Thailand and characterized the HBV vaccine escape mutants. Among 3,349 HIV-infected pregnant women, 7% were found HBsAg positive. Eleven children born to HBsAg-positive mother were found HBsAg-positive at 2–18 months of age. Complete series of samples were available for 9 mother-child pairs. Based on direct sequencing and cloning analysis, 3 patterns of transmission were observed : i) transmission of wild-type variants from mothers with high HBV DNA level, ii) transmission of maternal minor variant and iii) transmission of variants already present in maternal blood samples. The capacity of HBV variants to escape from anti-HBs neutralization in vitro will be further studied using HBV-pseudoviral particles harboring the characterized mutations
Wen, Wan-Hsin, and 文萬欣. "Familial Causes of Failed Immunoprophylaxis against Hepatitis B Virus Transmission." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33022818864444696643.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
臨床醫學研究所
93
Since the nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program was launched in 1984, the seropositive rate of hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg), the incidence/mortality rate of fulminant hepatitis and the incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwanese children have declined significantly. However, active/passive immunoprophylaxis against hepatitis B virus (HBV) can not eradicate transmission completely. Less than 10% infants born to HBsAg positive mothers, especially e antigen (HBeAg) positive ones, will still be infected and become victims of chronic hepatitis B. Possible causes of immunoprophylaxis failure (IF) include: intrauterine infection, surface gene mutant HBV infection, high level of maternal viremia and the host factors that lead to non-response to the vaccine. The aim of the study is to compare the IF rate of the younger child of HBeAg positive mothers, whose elder child is a case of IF, to that of other HBeAg positive mothers, whose elder child is not a case of IF, to see if there is any familial cause of failed immunoprophylaxis. HBsAg positive mothers with more than one child were enrolled from mothers of HBV carrier children followed-up in our hospital and women delivered in our hospital. The mothers were HBeAg positive when the children were born. Those children who did not receive hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG), or did not receive HBIG within 24 hrs after birth, or did not complete hepatitis B vaccine injection, were excluded. If more than two children in the same family fulfilled the criteria, only the first two were recruited. The HBsAg status, age, sex, delivery mode, maternal age at delivery, and paternal HBsAg status of these children were analyzed. A total of 98 families were collected. In 9 of the 98 families, both children were cases of IF. In 28 families, only the elder one was HBsAg positive. In 15, only the younger one was HBsAg positive, and in 46, both were HBsAg negative. The IF rate of the elder child (37/98, 37.8%) was significantly higher than that of the younger one (24/98, 24.5%) (p = 0.0474). However, the IF rate of the younger child in the families with an elder child who was a case of IF (9/37, 24.3%), did not differ from that in the families with an elder child who was a not case of IF (15/61, 24.6%) (p = 0.976). In addition, the maternal age at delivery was significantly younger in those families (N=52) with children infected by HBV than that in the families (N=46) without children infected by HBV (p < 0.05). We also reported other 8 cases of IF. Their mothers were HBeAg negative at delivery and there 8 cases received HBV vaccines but no HBIG. More than half of them have siblings born within 3 years of their births and the mothers were HBeAg positive when the siblings were born. It is possible that these 8 cases were born at the HBeAg seroconversion stage of their mothers and the maternal HBV DNA amount was still high although the maternal HBeAg was negative. In conclusion, our present result did not find differences between the IF rates of the younger child in the families with an elder child who was a case of IF and that in the families with an elder child who was a not case of IF. Our present finding indicated that the IF rate was higher in the older children than in the younger ones of HBeAg positive mothers. A younger maternal age at delivery was also noted in those families with children infected by HBV than that in the families without children infected by HBV. A younger maternal age at delivery may be associated with a heavier viral load and then result in failed immunoprophylaxis.
Miller, Emma Ruth. "HCV infection in South Australian prisoners : prevalence, transmission, risk factors and prospects for harm reduction." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37857.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.)--School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, 2006.
Miller, Emma Ruth. "HCV infection in South Australian prisoners : prevalence, transmission, risk factors and prospects for harm reduction." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37857.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, 2006.
Chai-Jan, Chang, and 張家禎. "The Transmission Routes and Serum ALT Levels in Relation to Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Intravenous and non-Intravenous Drug Abusers." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30139831611574721585.
Повний текст джерела高雄醫學大學
醫學研究所
88
A seroepidemiology surrvey of anti-HCV, hepatitis B virus markers, and liver function among drug abusers in southern Taiwan was conducted. During the peroid from October 1994 to February 1996, a total of 935(899 males, 36 females)drug abusers from Kaohsiung Narcotic Abstention Institute and Kaohsiung Prison. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody was 29.1% among male drug abusers and 19.4% among female drug abusers. The seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibody was 66.4% among intravenous drug abusers (IVDU) and 14.4% among non-intravenous drug abusers (non-IVDU). Intravenous drug use, a history of hepatits, having tattoos, and age were independently related to HCV seropositivity among drug abusers. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody concentrations significantly increased (10.8-fold) with intravenous drug abuse and with having tattoos (1.7-fold). Among 247 intravenous male drug abusers, age and duration of drug use were independently related to HCV seropositivity. Seroprevalence rate for HCV in the IVDU group increased with increasing duration of injection use within the first seven years of drug use. However, the steepest trajectory in seroprevalence of HCV infection occurred within the first four months. According to univariate analysis in our study, the number of lifetime IVDU sex partners and frequency of condom use were found to be significantly associated with HCV infection, however, were not reached significantly in logistic regression analysis. Age was an indepentent risk factor of HCV infection, which was significantly associated with sexual behavior among the IV drug users. This would suggest that sexual transmission may still occur, albeit infrequently. The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc were 21.2%, 70.2%, and 86.5%, respectively. The prevalence of HBV infection among intravenous drug abusers (96.8%) was significantly higher than among non-intravenous subjects (92.9%). In the pattern of combination of the three markers with 30 years of age as a border, the HBsAg(-), anti-HBs(+), anti-HBc(+) combination was more frequent under 29 years of age, however, the HBsAg(+), anti-HBs(-), anti-HBc(+) combination and all positive combination were more over 30 years of age. The frequency of HBV infection with serum anti-HBc negative was 8.4% among the intravenous drug abusers. Drug abusers with HBsAg or anti-HCV had higher serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels than those without HBsAg and anti-HCV. The pervalence of raised ALT and AST (>35 IU/L) in the HCV-positive group was more significant than in the negative group, while the HBsAg-positive group did not reach statistical significance. Among the HCV-positive group, ALT levels are more closely associated with HCV infection than AST levels. These findings suggest that hepatitis C virus may be mainly transmitted by the parenteral route among drug abusers in southern Taiwan. Due to the high rate of HCV infection among drug abusers, investigation of high-risk behavior should be routine in this group. To prevent HCV infection, emphasis on the use of sterile needles and aseptic procedures in tattooing is important in Taiwan. A high frequency of HCV infection was also found among short-term injectors, which indicated that early risk reduction intervention was an important measure in moderating HCV infection. Our findings suggest that horizontal transmission may be considered a possible reason for the significantly higher rate of HBV infection among intravenous drug abusers. Our sutdy also found that there may be an "immune incompetence" in intravenous drug abusers incapable of producing antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen. Due to the changes of combination of these three serum HBV markers and high prevalence rate of HBV infection among intravenous drug abuseres, investigation of serum HBV markers and liver function should be emphasized in these subjects. Our results indicated that HCV infection plays an important role in the etiology of raised ALT activity among drug abusers, while HBV infection plays a minor role. ALT screening still remains a simple and valuable method in the early recognition of HCV infection. The results of our study suggest that HCV superinfection in patients with chronic HBV infection may suppress or terminate the HBV carrier state among non-intravenous drug abusers. In addition, liver disease appeared to be more severe in patients with HCV infection alone than in patients with concurrent HBV and HCV infections. This means that a suppressive action between hepatitis B and C viruses may occur in dual infection with both viruses.
Curado, Ana Raquel Dias. "Management of hepatitis C virus infection : are children the same as adults?" Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/24844.
Повний текст джерелаA Hepatite C tornou-se um relevante problema de saúde pública. Cerca de 3% da população mundial está infectada, no entanto, a prevalência nas crianças é baixa. Distintamente dos adultos, em que a principal via de transmissão é o uso de drogas injectáveis, actualmente, na idade pediátrica, a transmissão vertical é a principal causa. Na sua maioria, as crianças infectadas pelo vírus da Hepatite C são assintomáticas e apresentam uma progressão geralmente lenta da doença. Ainda assim, alguns grupos seleccionados podem beneficiar de tratamento em idade pediátrica com interferão (IFN) alfa peguilado e ribavarina. A abordagem da Hepatite C na criança pode mudar drasticamente num futuro próximo com a introdução de regimes terapêuticos sem IFN, adequados à populacão pediátrica. Esta revisão tem como objectivo proporcionar informação actualizada sobre a abordagem da Hepatite C na idade pediátrica e perspectivar as diferenças desta infecção no adulto e na criança.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has become a public health issue. About 3% of the world’s population is affected by HCV. However, prevalence of HCV infection in children is low. Unlike adults, in which the main route of transmission is by intravenous drug use, the most common via of HCV infection in children is, currently, vertical transmission by HCV infected mothers. Nearly all of infected children are asymptomatic, showing a slowly progressive course of disease. Nevertheless, selected children may benefit from treatment with pegylated interferon (IFN)-alfa plus ribavirin. The possibility of IFN-free regiments, suitable for pediatric population, can drastically chance the management of HCV infection in children in the near future. The objective of this review is to provide updated information about the management of HCV infection in the pediatric age group, as well as the differences between the HCV infection in children and adults.
鳥居, ゆか, and Yuka Torii. "Causes of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus under the at-risk prevention strategy in Japan." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20394.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Chi-Wen, and 黃琦文. "Prediction of Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Using Perinatal Maternal Serum Quantitative Surface Antigen." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39592793970290129082.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
流行病學與預防醫學研究所
102
Background: To eliminate hepatitis B virus mother-to-infant transmission, it is necessary to detect pregnant women with high hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and then give additional prevention strategy before delivery. Quantitative Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a newly developed method with a unit price much lower than that of HBV DNA. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between quantitative HBsAg and HBV DNA and to assess the feasibility of quantitative HBsAg as a predictor in high risk screening. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study, 461 pairs of HBsAg positive mothers and their infants were enrolled. Serum HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA level of these mothers were measured. Infants were followed up to 1-1.5 years old and had two separate serum HBsAg tests. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between quantitative HBsAg and HBV DNA. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the predictive ability of HBV DNA, quantitative HBsAg, and other risk factors of mother-to-infant transmission. Results: Among the 461 infants, 16 infants were found to be infected with HBV. All of them were born to HBeAg positive mothers with high HBV DNA (7.9±0.74 log10 IU/ml) and high quantitative HBsAg (4.7±0.2 log10 IU/ml). Quantitative HBsAg had a significant positive correlation with HBV DNA level (r=0.64, p<0.0001) in all subjects and in HBeAg positive subjects group (r=0.62 p<0.0001). The optimum cut-off point for HBV DNA concentration of 7 log10 IU/ml was 4.26 log10 IU/ml, with a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 97%. After adjusting possible confounders, quantitative HBsAg could significantly predict mother-to-infant transmission. Conclusion: Our study documents that quantitative HBsAg is highly correlated with, and as predictive as HBV DNA for mother-to-infant transmission. With the concern of the screening cost, quantitative HBsAg may be used as a new screening tool during pregnancy.