Дисертації з теми "Hepatitis A Vaccination"
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Sharma, Aditya. "Cost-effectiveness of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B Vaccination for Jail Inmates." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08272007-114829/.
Повний текст джерелаDannetun, Eva. "Reasons for non-vaccination /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-739-1/.
Повний текст джерелаZhu, Sheng, and 朱晟. "Effect of the health belief model in explaining HBV screening and vaccination health behaviour : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193831.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
Karthigesu, Vassandra Devi. "A study of hepatitis B virus variation and antigenic variants." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309416.
Повний текст джерелаRadix, Jane. "Hepatitis B vaccination as a component of routine adult care." Thesis, Teachers College, Columbia University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3621790.
Повний текст джерелаThough hepatitis B virus infection is vaccine preventable, it remains a leading cause of serious liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. With more than 2 million individuals living in the United States chronically infected, increasing the adult vaccination rate, currently estimated at only 26.3% based on large patient self-report surveys, is a public health imperative. Primary care visits represent an opportunity to assess hepatitis B risk and vaccination status, and to administer vaccine.
The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that affect primary care physician recommendation and delivery of hepatitis B vaccine as part of routine adult care, and measure vaccination rate in the primary care setting. A survey was developed, validated and completed online by a random sample of 319 physicians who provide routine primary care for >100 adult patients each month. Adult hepatitis B vaccination rate was calculated based on physician-reported caseload and number of vaccinations administered over a 6 month period. In addition to practice descriptors, 24 survey items assessed physician knowledge, attitudes and practices related to vaccination rate.
Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software. The median and mean vaccination rates were 3.3% and 9.4%, respectively. Vaccination rates were highest among physicians practicing medicine for <10 years, in private hospital settings located in urban areas. Vaccination significantly correlated (p<.05) with routine assessment of hepatitis B risk, guidelines-based vaccination, and distribution of patient education materials. Focusing on history of intravenous drug use as the key indication for vaccination and concerns regarding related liability were found to be barriers to vaccination. Forward multiple linear regression analysis generated a model that predicted 26% of variance in vaccination rate, which suggested that physicians who have integrated risk assessment, discussion of vaccination rationale with patients, and vaccine delivery into their routine primary care practices exhibit higher vaccination rates.
The results suggest that adult hepatitis B vaccination rates may be increased through physician education that reinforces identification of CHB risk factors other than intravenous drug use and clarifies the limited nature of vaccine injury liability, as well as health policies that incentivize vaccination in the primary care setting.
Baars, J. E. "Hard to reach? Hepatitis B vaccination among high-risk groups." [S.l.] : [The Author], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/14434.
Повний текст джерелаOhlson, Emilia, and Frida Bladh. "Knowledge about hepatitis B and attitudes towards hepatitis B vaccination among university students in Thailand : A quantitative study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-272494.
Повний текст джерелаSiriyasatien, Padet. "An assessment of hepatitis B vaccine delivery by transgenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367187.
Повний текст джерелаLu, Qiuying Sandy, and 呂秋瑩. "Health economic evaluation of universal infant hepatitis B vaccination programmes in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207183.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Public Health
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Mureithi, John Gachagua. "Hepatitis B vaccination policies and coverage for nurse working at public and private hospitals in Tshwane, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/248.
Повний текст джерелаBACKGROUND AND AIM: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the major cause of hepatitis in South Africa (SA), with an estimated 4 million carriers. It is transmitted by infected blood and other body fluids, placing health care workers (HCWs) at high risk of infection. The SA Department of Health strongly recommends that all HCWs be vaccinated against HBV, but studies have shown that uptake of the vaccine is sub-optimal. This study aimed to estimate HB vaccination coverage levels among nurses, and describe the demographics and characteristics of the HB vaccination policies associated with different levels of coverage, at private and public hospitals in Tshwane. METHODS: This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study on 300 randomly selected nurses and 12 chief infection control officers (CICOs) from 13 hospitals (6 public and 7 private) in Tshwane performing high risk procedures. CICOs were asked questions about HB vaccination policies and coverage, while nurses were asked about demographics, HB vaccination status, and the HB vaccination policies of their institutions. RESULTS: The response rate was 84.3% (253/300) for nurses, and 75% (9/12) for CICOs. Of the nurses, 68.0% (172/253) were vaccinated, and logistic regression analysis found that those statistically significantly most likely to be vaccinated were: 30 years and younger (odds ratio [OR]=2.9; 95% CI: 1.11–7.59); employed in private hospitals (OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.24–7.32); and graduated after 1990 (OR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.10–6.19). Also, logistic regression analysis found two statistically significant policy-related predictor for vaccination uptake, which was the presence of HB vaccination program (OR=4.6; 95% CI: 2.11-10.06); and compulsory HB vaccination (OR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.37-5.70. CONCLUSION: There is a need for a national policy on HB vaccination of HCWs which should include compulsory vaccination, to increase the vaccination coverage level amongst nurses.
Cardell, Kristina. "Studies on Hepatitis B Vaccination and Factors Associated withthe Vaccine Response." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Infektionsmedicin, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-20800.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Jennifer. "Viral diversity and dynamics of hepatitis C virus." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559853.
Повний текст джерелаMastrodomenico, Jessica. "An Examination of the Socio-Demographic Characteristics Associated with Adult Vaccination Prevalence for Preventable Diseases in the United States." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/93.
Повний текст джерелаWald, Alexandra, Lea Deterding, Melanie Maier, Uwe G. Liebert, Thomas Berg, Hubert Wirtz, and Johannes Wiegand. "Hepatitis B vaccination in end-stage pulmonary disease patients evaluated for lung transplantation." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-205791.
Повний текст джерелаDe, La Hoz Fernando. "Hepatitis B vaccination in the Columbian Amazon : effectiveness and factors influencing vaccine coverage." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2003. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1544171/.
Повний текст джерелаЛисенко, Н. А., Андрій Олегович Сніцар, Микола Дмитрович Чемич, Николай Дмитриевич Чемич, Mykola Dmytrovych Chemych, Ірина Олександрівна Троцька, Володимир Вікторович Рябіченко та ін. "Реалізація програми "Антигепатит" на 2007-2011 роки у Сумській області: досягнення та проблеми". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3781.
Повний текст джерелаDahlström, Elin, and Viberg Ellinor Funegård. "Knowledge about hepatitis B virus infection and attitudes towards hepatitis B virus vaccination among Vietnamese university students in Ho Chi Minh City : – A quantitative study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200430.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: The hepatitis B virus is highly contagious and causes the world’s most common liver infection. Vietnam is a country where the endemicity of hepatitis B is high.Aim: To investigate Vietnamese university students’ knowledge about hepatitis B infection and attitudes towards hepatitis B virus vaccination and to examine if there is a difference between genders.Method: A cross-sectional study with quantitative method using a questionnaire. The study was carried out at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City. First year students from the nursing and medical technician programme were selected and 233 students completed the questionnaire and were included in the study.Result: The majority of the university students (95.3%) had heard about hepatitis B virus (HBV). More than half (55.4%) knew correctly that HBV can not be transmitted by sharing food with an infected person, and 58.4% knew that HBV can cause liver cancer. Only 47.6% knew that HBV can be sexually transmitted and 39.5% knew that HBV can be transmitted from mother to child at birth. More male than female students answered correctly that HBV can be transmitted by sharing a toothbrush with an infected person (p= 0.026). Almost all students (93.1%) thought that they would receive HBV vaccination.Conclusion: The students showed insight into the subject, but the result also showed some gaps of knowledge among the university students considered as serious. Improved education about HBV is necessary for university students to increase their knowledge about HBV.
Wright, Conschetta. "Determinants of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Adults in the United States: NHANES 1999-2006." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1732.
Повний текст джерелаYeung, Man Mandy, and 楊敏. "Nurse-led evidence based (hepatitis B) vaccination programme for nurses in the out-patient department." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46583518.
Повний текст джерелаHartlage, Alex S. "T CELL IMMUNITY IN A SMALL ANIMAL SURROGATE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1584101091684162.
Повний текст джерелаSalem, Hanaa A. "Design and evaluation of a hepatitis B immunization program for pharmacy students." Scholarly Commons, 1992. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2226.
Повний текст джерелаAfrica, Patricia N. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care workers regarding hepatitis B vaccination, in the Ekurhuleni Metro, Gauteng Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/246.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: Hepatitis B is a serious liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), with an estimated 360 million chronic infections worldwide, about a million of which die each year from chronic liver diseases. In South Africa (SA) over 50% of the population has been infected by HBV, and at least 3 million people are chronic HBV carriers. Chronic HBV carriers have the potential of transmitting HBV parenterally in the hospital setting, thus health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of contracting HBV, with the most likely exposure being via a needle stick injury (NSI). There is an effective vaccine against HBV which is recommended by the SA Department of Health, yet previous studies have shown that most HCWs are not vaccinated. Aim and objectives: The study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding hepatitis B vaccination amongst HCWs in the Ekurhuleni Metro. Objectives were to determine: (1) the level of knowledge of HCWs about vaccination against HBV; (2) the attitudes of HCWs towards vaccination against HBV; (3) the practices of HCWs regarding HBV prevention and (4) the barriers to / predictors for effective HBV vaccination among HCWs at Ekurhuleni Metro Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study which made use of a self-administered questionnaire that was sent to Ekurhuleni nurses and doctors who were working in 3 public hospitals, 7 district clinics, and 110 general practices. Results: Two hundred and fifteen questionnaires were distributed and 161 were returned giving an overall response rate of 74.9%. HCWs do not report their NSI; over a third [37.6% (41/81)] always reported the NSI; while 72% (116/161) of HCWs had been vaccinated, only 61.2% (71/116) of those vaccinated had received all 3 doses of the vaccine. For knowledge of HBV vaccination, 66.5% (107/161) scored poor; 31.7% (51/161) scored moderate; and 1.8% (3/161) scored high. For attitudes towards HBV vaccination, 0.6% (1/160) scored negative; 24.4% (39/160) scored neutral; and 74.5% (120/160) scored positive. A positive attitude score was a significant predictor for being vaccinated (OR=1.13, p=0.007) Conclusion: Guidelines should be put in place to increase vaccination uptake and reduce the risk of exposure to HBV infection by HCWs
Peto, Thomas Julian. "Long-term efficacy and effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination in The Gambia : Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study (GHIS, 1986-90) and subsequent nationwide immunisation programme." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558367.
Повний текст джерелаISHIKAWA, TETSUYA. "IMMUNOREGULATION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION : RATIONALE AND CLINICAL APPLICATION." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16732.
Повний текст джерелаHalliday, John. "Vaccination against Hepatitis C - Characterising the host immune response and its implications for a successful therapeutic vaccine." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598044.
Повний текст джерелаMacfarlane, Chelsea E., University of Western Sydney, and School of Applied Social and Human Sciences. "A comparison of the predictors of hepatitis B vaccination acceptance amongst health care and public safety workers in Australia." THESIS_XXX_ASH_MacFarlane_C.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/784.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Mangtani, Punam. "An economic and epidemiological evaluation of vaccination strategies for the control of hepatitis B in England and Wales." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243611.
Повний текст джерелаBottero, Julie. "L'application d'algorithmes de décision et l'utilisation de tests rapides permettent-elles d'optimiser le dépistage et la prévention de l'hépatite B ?" Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066213/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn France, more than half of those infected with HBV are unaware of their status. The Optiscreen B program aimed to evaluate the interest of testing recommendations and rapid tests (RT) and in optimizing screening, linkage-to-care, and prevention of hepatitis B. The main results were : Identification of missed opportunities for screening, mainly caused by underestimating country of birth as an important risk factor. Implementing screening recommendations from the CDC could significantly reduce the proportion of infected individuals unaware of their status, but with the disadvantage of many tests. 16% of persons testing HBsAg-positive after screening have an indication for antiviral treatment. 100% with isolated anti-HBcAb had undetectable HBV viral load. HBsAg RTs have sensitivities between 90.5 and 96.5% and specificities greater than 99%. The anti-HBsAb QuickProfileTM has very good specificity (97.8%) but low sensitivity (58.3%). The effectiveness of HBV RT in improving linkage-to-care was not established among persons eligible for HBV-screening. This was due in part to low infection prevalence and insufficient sensitivity of the anti-HBsAb RT. Nevertheless, combined use of HBsAg, HIV, and HCV RT seems to greatly improve the cascade of care among migrants in socially precarious situations and at high-risk of infection. HBV-vaccination after HBV screening does not occur often, mainly because of insufficient physician-patient motivation. Increased vaccination coverage might be achieved by emphasizing its need at the organizational level. Following this work, cost-benefit analysis of different screening strategies is greatly needed
Ramsey, Priscilla W., and L. Lee Glenn. "Nurses' Body Fluid Exposure Reporting, HIV Testing, and Hepatitis B Vaccination Rates: Before and After Implementing Universal Precautions Regulations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1996. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7543.
Повний текст джерелаAdati, Élen Monteiro. "Vacinação de Hepatite A em receptores de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH)." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143904.
Повний текст джерелаResumo: Estudos sorológicos têm demonstrado que a prevalência da infecção provocada pelo vírus da hepatite A (VHA) diminuiu no Brasil. Nessas circunstancias, o vírus pode circular entre um número crescente de indivíduos suscetíveis provocando surtos. Embora a resposta à vacinação contra o VHA não tenha sido avaliada em receptores de TCTH, as orientações de imunização pós transplante tem indicado o uso da vacina após o 4º mês do TCTH em receptores suscetíveis vivendo ou viajando para áreas endêmicas. No presente estudo 46 receptores de TCTH receberam duas doses da vacina VHA. A prevalência dos anticorpos anti-VHA (IgG) imediatamente antes da vacina e a resposta a vacinação entre pacientes suscetíveis ao VHA foram avaliadas, assim como a ocorrência de eventos adversos da vacina. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-VHA em receptores de TCTH adultos avaliada por ensaio imunoenzimático comercial foi de 93,5%. Apenas 3 pacientes foram considerados suscetíveis e a resposta à vacina foi alcançada em dois deles, ambos com mais de dois anos após TCTH. Não houve aparecimento de anticorpos anti-VHA após duas doses da vacina. A resposta à vacina medida através do aumento da concentração de anticorpos anti-VHA entre receptores previamente soropositivos não pode ser avaliada no presente estudo. A vacina foi bem tolerada sem nenhum evento adverso significativo. Concluímos que a sorologia do VHA deveria ser recomendada a receptores de TCTH antes do encaminhando para a vacinação. Embora segura, a vacina ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Serological studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of the hepatitis A virus infection (HAV) has decreased in Brazil. In these circumstances, the virus may circulate among a growing number of susceptible individuals causing outbreaks. Although the response to vaccination against HAV has not been evaluated in HSCT recipients, post-transplant immunization guidelines have indicated the vaccine after the 4th month of HSCT to susceptible recipients living or traveling to endemic areas. In the present study 46 HSCT recipients received two doses of HAV vaccine. The prevalence of anti-HAV antibody (IgG) immediately before the vaccine and the response to vaccination among HAV susceptible patients were evaluated, as well as the occurrence of adverse events to the vaccine. The prevalence of pre vaccine antiHAV antibodies in adults HSCT recipients evaluated by a commercial immunoassay was 93.5%. Only 3 patients were considered susceptible and the response to the vaccine was assessed in two of them, both with more than two years after HSCT. There was no appearance of anti-HAV antibodies after two doses of vaccine. The boost effect of the vaccine among previously seropositive recipients could not be evaluated in the present study. The vaccine was well tolerated without any significant adverse events. We concluded that HAV serology should be recommended in HSCT recipients before the referral to vaccination. Although safe, the vaccine against HAV was ineffective in the evaluated patien... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Macfarlane, Chelsea Elizabeth. "A comparison of the predictors of hepatitis B vaccination acceptance amongst health care and public safety workers in Australia /." View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031222.150943/index.html.
Повний текст джерела"A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Western Sydney" Bibliography : leaves 193-208.
Lin, Chung-hsi. "The politics of scientific practice in Taiwan : the hepatitis B control program /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022007-144838/.
Повний текст джерелаDonate, Amy Lynn. "Development of a Non-Invasive Electrode for Intradermal Electrically Mediated DNA Vaccination." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3077.
Повний текст джерелаLara, Amanda Nazareth. "Avaliação de marcadores sorológicos de proteção e infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids, vacinadas previamente para hepatite B." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-07082017-092803/.
Повний текст джерелаBACKGROUND: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is responsible for great part of chronic hepatic diseases worldwide. In people living with HIV (PLHIV), HBV infection has more risk of progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Hepatitis B vaccine is important in the prevention of a potentially severe disease, particularly in PLHIV, since both viruses have the same routes of transmission and co-infection has greater morbidity. Immunocompetent individuals have a good humoral response after the first hepatitis B vaccine series and no recommendation is made regarding booster doses. PLHIV may have a poor hepatitis B vaccine response, when compared to immunocompetent and the duration of immunity in these patients is unknown. OBJECTIVES: General: Evaluate serological markers of infection and protection from HBV in PLHIV previously vaccinated for hepatitis B. Specific: Evaluate anti-HBs persistence in PLHIV previously vaccinated for HBV who responded to a primary vaccine series; evaluate response to revaccination for hepatitis B in patients who did not respond to first vaccine series; investigate serological markers of infection from HBV in PLHIV previously vaccinated for hepatitis B. METHODS: Observational retrospective study of a PLHIV cohort primarily vaccinated between 2001 and 2002 for hepatitis B. Serological markers of infection and protection from HBV were investigated in those patients who were still attending the HIV/AIDS Patient Care Extension Service at the Clinical Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases attached to Hospital das Clínicas at Faculdade de Medicina at Universidade de São Paulo between 2012 and 2014. RESULTS: A cohort of 121 PLHIV was analyzed for seroconversion and persistence of anti-HBs. The majority were female (54.5%) and mean age 50.1 years. From these patients, 58 (group 1) were initially responders to the first vaccine series (anti- HBs >=10 mIU/mL) and 63 (group 2) were non- responders. After a median period of 11 years, none of the patients had serologic evidence of HBV infection and 41/58 (70.7%) of the initially responders had maintained anti-HBs >=10 mIU/mL. Greater CD4+ cell counts and anti- HBs>= 100mIU/mL at the time of first vaccine series were associated with persistence of anti-HBs. During evaluation period, 35/63 (55.6%) of the initially non-responders (group 2) successfully seroconverted (anti-HBs >=10 mIU/mL) in response to one or more booster doses. Booster doses may be effective in PLHIV. Number of booster doses were associated to seroconversion. Seventy of the 121 patients did not receive any further booster doses of hepatitis B vaccine from the time of their seroconversion (anti-HBs >=10 mIU/mL) (group 3). After 10 years of the seroconversion, 54/70 (77,1%) of these individuals has maintained anti- HBs >= 10 mIU/mL. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of serological markers for HBV in PLHIV previously vaccinated for hepatitis B showed: strong persistence of anti-HBs after a period of 10 to 11 years; additional vaccine doses elicited humoral response in initially non-responders; there was no serologic evidence of HBV infection (HbsAg ou Anti-HBc) about 11 years after initial vaccination
Miller, Erin Suzanne. "Increasing Expression of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Maize through Breeding." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1359.
Повний текст джерелаSangfelt, Per. "Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-301-9/.
Повний текст джерелаRimkuvienė, Jūratė. "Infekcijų kontrolė odontologijoje odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūriu." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110630_133915-85031.
Повний текст джерелаThe oral flora is one of the most ecologically diverse microbial populiations known to man. It has been proved that any dental intervention: dental preparation, professional oral hygiene, extraction of teeth, regular prophylactic examination of patient‘s mouth is related with a possible spread of infection. Therefore, one of the most important tasks for the dental care professionals is to prevent the spread of infection and create safe environment for a patient, the dentist himself and other dental staff The aim of the present study is to identify and evaluate the attitudes of Lithuanian dental health care professionals towards infection control and carried out infection control procedures, and to determine vaccination frequency against hepatitis B among dental health care professionals. The study highlighteningt the dental health care professionals‘ attitude towards infection control and infection control procedures as well as incompliance of infection control procedures with the valid normative documentation was conducted at the Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University in 2008-2010. All 2,235 Lithuanian dentists, registered in the Lithuanian Dental Chamber Registry in 2008 and carrying general practice dentist‘s license, all 1,814 dental assistants and all 370 dental hygienists registered in 2010 (according to the database of the Lithuanian Dental Chamber Registry) were invited to take part in the investigation. The participants of the study survey... [to full text]
Rimkuvienė, Jūratė. "Attitudes towards infection control among dental health care professionals." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110630_133927-98023.
Повний текст джерелаBurna yra viena labiausiai infekuotų žmogaus organizmo sričių. Įrodyta, kad bet kuri odontologinė intervencija – dantų preparavimas, profesionali burnos higiena, dantų šalinimas, įprastinė profilaktinė paciento burnos apžiūra – yra susijusi su galimu infekcijų plitimu. Todėl vienas iš svarbiausių odontologine praktika besiverčiančių asmenų uždavinių yra užkirsti kelią infekcijų plitimui ir sudaryti saugią aplinką pacientui, gydytojui odontologui ir kitam personalui. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti ir įvertinti Lietuvos odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūrį į infekcijų kontrolę ir atliekamas infekcijų kontrolės procedūras, išsiaiškinti vakcinacijos nuo hepatito B apimtį tarp Lietuvos odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų. Odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūrio į infekcijų kontrolę, atliekamas infekcijų kontrolės procedūras, infekcijų kontrolės procedūrų neatitikimus galiojantiems norminiams dokumentams tyrimas atliktas 2008 – 2010 metais Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Odontologijos institute. Tyrime buvo pakviesti dalyvauti visi 2235 Lietuvos gydytojai odontologai, 2008 metais registruoti Lietuvos odontologų rūmuose ir turintys bendros praktikos gydytojo odontologo licenciją ir visi 1814 gydytojų odontologų padėjėjai bei visi 370 burnos higienistai, registruoti 2010 metais (pagal Lietuvos odontologų rūmų duomenų bazę). Tyrimo dalyviams buvo išsiųsti anoniminiai klausimynai. Odontologinės sveikatos priežiūros specialistų požiūris... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Oliveira, Marina Pedroso de. "Rastreamento sorológico e molecular do vírus da hepatite B em homens que fazem sexo com homens em Goiânia-Goiás, utilizando o método respondent-driven sampling (RDS)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7001.
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Outro
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are more vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection when compared to the general population. In Brazil, the epidemiological profile of hepatitis B in MSM is still poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HBV infection in MSM in Goiânia-Goiás and to analyze the associated factors, perform a molecular characterization of the viral isolates, as well as to investigate the vaccine situation against hepatitis B in this population. A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in the City of Goiânia, Central Brazil. From March to November 2014, a total of 522 participants were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). After signing the consent form, MSM were interviewed and a blood sample was collected. All samples were tested for HBV serological markers and HBV DNA. HBV isolates were sequenced for the determination of HBV genotypes and subgenotypes by phylogenetic analysis and for identification of mutations in viral genome. Data were analyzed using the RDSAT and SPSS programs. The overall prevalence of HBV infection (presence of anti-HBc marker) was 15.4% (95% CI: 8.7-25.8) and the rate of HBsAg carriers was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2-1.6). Age over 25 years old, receptive anal intercourse, previous sex with women, and history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) were factors associated with HBV infection. Viral DNA was detected only in HBsAg-positive individuals, and occult HBV infection was not observed in the study population. HBV isolates were classified into genotype A (subgenotypes A1 and A2).Mutations in the S (T131N), basal core promoter (BCP) (A1762T/G1764A) and Pre-C/C (G1862T/G1888A and G1862T) regions of the HBV genome were identified. About 40% (95% CI: 32.3-48.8) of the participants had serological evidence of previous HBV vaccination (reactive for isolated anti-HBs), while 76.2% reported having previously received the vaccine. In addition, 44.3% (95% CI: 36.1-52.9) of MSM were susceptible to HBV infection. A greater frequency of positivity for anti-HBs alone was observed among MSM up to 25 years old, followed by declining vaccination with increasing age. By contrast, an increase in HBV infection with increasing age was found. HBV vaccination was associated with unprotected anal intercourse and history of STI (with a borderline p-value). In this study, we observed a poor agreement when comparing the self-reported and serologic evidence of HBV vaccination (k = 0.17). These results reveal a high overall prevalence of HBV infection in the study population associated with sexual risk behaviors, and in contrast, a low frequency of hepatitis B vaccination, evidencing a need for public health strategies to increase vaccine coverage in MSM, in addition to monitoring HBV carriers.
Homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) apresentam maior vulnerabilidade para infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) quando comparados à população em geral. No Brasil, o perfil epidemiológico da hepatite B em HSH ainda é pouco conhecido. Este estudo teve como objetivos estimar a prevalência da infecção pelo HBV em HSH em Goiânia-Goiás e analisar os fatores associados, realizar a caracterização molecular dos isolados virais, bem como investigar a situação vacinal contra hepatite B e fatores associados. Estudo transversal conduzido em HSH na região metropolitana de Goiânia-GO. De março a novembro de 2014, um total de 522 participantes foi recrutado utilizando o método respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Após assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, os HSH foram entrevistados e amostras sanguíneas coletadas. Todas as amostras foram testadas por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) para detecção dos marcadores sorológicos da hepatite B e submetidas à extração e amplificação do HBV DNA. Os isolados do HBV foram sequenciados para determinação dos genótipos e subgenótipos do vírus por análise filogenética e para identificação de mutações no genoma viral. Os dados foram analisados utilizando os programas RDSAT e SPSS. A prevalência global da infecção pelo HBV (anti-HBc) foi de 15,4% (IC 95%: 8,7-25,8) e do HBsAg de 0,6% (IC 95%: 0,2-1,6). Idade acima de 25 anos, sexo anal receptivo, relação sexual com mulheres e história de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) foram fatores associados à infecção pelo HBV. O DNA viral foi detectado apenas nos indivíduos HBsAg positivos, não sendo observada infecção oculta na população estudada. Os isolados do HBV foram classificados como pertencentes ao genótipo A (subgenótipos A1 e A2) do HBV. Mutações nas regiões S (T131N), promotora basal do core (BCP) (A1762T/G1764A) e Pré-C/C (G1862T/G1888A e G1862T) do genoma viral foram identificadas. Cerca de 40% (IC 95%: 32,3-48,8) dos participantes tinham evidência sorológica de vacinação contra hepatite B (anti-HBs isolado), enquanto que 76,2% relataram ter recebido a vacina previamente. Além disso, 44,3% (IC 95%: 36,1-52,9) dos HSH eram suscetíveis à infecção pelo HBV. Observou-se uma maior positividade para anti-HBs isolado entre os HSH com até 25 anos de idade, seguido de seu declínio com o aumento da idade e, por outro lado, verificou-se aumento da infecção pelo HBV. A vacinação contra a hepatite B foi associada ao sexo anal desprotegido e marginalmente à história de IST. Neste estudo, notou-se, ainda, uma baixa concordância entre evidência sorológica e auto relato de vacinação (k = 0,17). Estes resultados revelam uma prevalência global elevada da infecção pelo HBV na população estudada e sua associação com comportamentos sexuais de risco e, em contraste, uma frequência baixa de vacinação contra hepatite B, evidenciando a necessidade de políticas públicas contínuas de saúde voltadas para os HSH, incluindo estratégias para aumentar a cobertura vacinal, além do monitoramento dos indivíduos portadores do HBV.
Суременко, М. С., О. П. Шевченко-Макаренко, О. А. Савченко, Л. О. Гавриленко, М. І. Білий та І. В. Діброва. "Захворюваність на гострі вірусні гепатити на Дніпропетровщині". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/43142.
Повний текст джерелаWilliams, John. "A mathematical model of the dynamics of hepatitis B virus transmission in the UK under the influence of different vaccination control strategies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298721.
Повний текст джерелаZeuner, Thomas. "Untersuchungen zur humoralen und zellulären Immunantwort auf HBs-Antigen unter Berücksichtigung des Impfstatus." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-175098.
Повний текст джерелаKosinska, Anna [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Roggendorf, and Astrid [Akademischer Betreuer] Westendorf. "Improvement of therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in a preclinical model (woodchuck) / Anna Kosinska. Gutachter: Astrid Westendorf. Betreuer: Michael Roggendorf." Duisburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015428320/34.
Повний текст джерелаStorer, Fábio Luiz. "Soropositividade, cobertura e resposta vacinal para hepatite vital do tipo B em cirurgiões dentistas em Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brasil." Universidade de Taubaté, 2008. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=467.
Повний текст джерелаThis search supposed that it had a high incidence of dentists with low vaccine covering for hepatitis B and a positive for previous or current contact for the virus hepatitis of type B. The transversal study evaluated the vaccines condition and serum profile of the dentists for viral hepatitis of type B in Porto Velhos city in Rondonias state Brazil. eighty samples of blood (serum) of the resident surgeons had been analyzed by the ELISAs technique of the dentists in Porto Velhos city, to only find out about the serums detention markers of the Virus of hepatitis B: HBsAg, anti total HBc, anti-HBc IgM and anti-HBs. The positive samples anti Total HBc had been tested for the marker anti HBc IgM. And also it had been analyzed at the lab findings with data of professional formation, equipment used as an individual protection (EPI) and vaccine index between the professionals. The data had been compared using the test Kruskal-Wallis ( p< 0,05) from the people that had been participated. As a result we can say that from dentists analyzed, 45% were in a general clinical and 38% told that to bring up to date once a year. Most of them (59%) received three quantities against Hepatitis B and 11% only with two quantities. Between the people that received three quantities, showed another serum due to the vaccine. Although the number was not expected, most of the dentists from Porto Velho received three doses of the vaccine which it caused immunity. However, the serum profile nor always it was compatible the vaccine covering. Our findings suggest the necessity of execution of labs tests for confirmation and/or a coordination of the serum profile of the vaccination against hepatitis B.
Al, Thaqafy Majid Seraj K. "Hepatitis B, measles and varicella infections, among newly recruited military and healthcare employees in the Saudi National Guard : associated knowledge, concerns and barriers to vaccination." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3938.
Повний текст джерелаCheung, Chun Kidd. "Proportion of children born to infected mothers at risk of contracting Hepatitis B, and associated risk factors for inadequate Hepatitis B Timely Birth Dose vaccination : Analysis of the São Tomé and Príncipe Demographic Health Survey Program data, 2008-2009." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324169.
Повний текст джерелаChotun, Bibi Nafiisah. "The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in an HIV-exposed paediatric cohort from the Western Cape, South Africa." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71771.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Despite the availability of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination for over three decades, this infection remains a major public health problem. Whilst the WHO recommends giving a birth dose of the vaccine, in South Africa, routine infant HBV vaccination commences at six weeks of age. This schedule is based on data from the pre-HIV era which showed transmission occurred via the horizontal, rather than the vertical route. In the era of HIV however, maternal HIV co-infection may release HBV from immune control, resulting in higher HBV loads and increasing the risk of vertical transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and character of HBV infection in HIV-exposed infected and uninfected infants. Residual plasma samples from routine HIV nucleic acid testing of 1000 HIV-exposed infants aged between 0 and 18 months from the Western Cape were tested. Samples were tested for HBsAg by ELISA (Murex HBsAg Version 3) and confirmed by neutralisation. HBV DNA was quantified using an in-house real-time PCR assay. Infants with HBsAg positive samples were followed up and a blood sample was collected from mother and child. Those HBsAg positive samples were tested for HBeAg/antiHBe (Diasorin) and HBsAg negative samples were tested for antiHBs. HBV DNA was quantified. The surface gene was sequenced and the HBV genotype determined by phylogenetic analysis using HepSEQ (www.hepseq.org.uk). Whole genome sequencing was also performed. Of 1000 samples tested, four samples were positive for HBsAg and/or HBV DNA, indicating a prevalence of HBV transmission of 0.4%. At follow-up, two of three infected infants were positive for HBsAg, with HBV viral loads of greater than 108 IU/ml. The third infant was found to have cleared his infection and the fourth child was lost to follow up. These infected infants had all received HBV vaccination. All four mothers were HBeAg positive. Sequencing analysis showed the HBV strains from the two infants and four mothers belonged to subgenotype A1. The two mother-child paired sequences were identical. The data from this study shows that vertical transmission of HBV infection in HIV-exposed infants from the Western Cape is occurring, despite vaccination. Data from the Western Cape, showing an HBV prevalence of 3.4% in HIV-infected pregnant women, and those presented here suggest a vertical transmission rate of HBV of 12%. This is despite the widespread use of tenofovir and lamivudine in HIV-infected women with low CD4 counts. This study provides data supporting calls to bring HBV vaccination closer to the time of birth. Further work is urgently needed to confirm these findings and to determine the rates of transmission in HIV-unexposed infants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ten spyte van die beskikbaarheid van die Hepatitis B virus (HBV) inenting vir meer as drie dekades, hierdie infeksie bly 'n groot openbare gesondheid probleem. Terwyl die WGO aan beveel dat'n geboorte dosis van die entstof, in Suid-Afrika, roetine baba HBV inenting op die ouderdom van ses weke gegee word. Hierdie skedule is gebaseer op data van die pre-MIV era wat getoon het dat die oordrag plaasgevind het via die horisontale, eerder as die vertikale roete. In die era van MIV egter, moeder MIV ko-infeksie kan HBV vrylaat van immuun beheer, wat lei in hoër HBV vlakke en die verhoging van die risiko van vertikale oordrag. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die voorkoms en karakter van die HBV infeksie in MIV-besmette en onbesmette babas te bepaal. Residuele plasma monsters van roetine-MIV-nukleïensuur toetse van 'n 1000 MIV-blootgestelde babas tussen die ouderdomme van 0 en 18 maande van die Wes-Kaap was getoets. Monsters was getoets vir HBsAg deur ELISA (Murex HBsAg Version 3) en bevestig deur neutralisering. HBV DNA is gekwantifiseer deur gebruik te maak van 'n in-huis real-time PCR assay. Babas met HBsAg positiewe monsters was opgevolg en 'n bloedmonster is versamel van moeder en kind. Die HBsAg positiewe monsters was getoets vir HBeAg/antiHBe (Diasorin) en HBsAg negatiewe monsters was getoets vir antiHBs. HBV DNA was gekwantifiseer. Die oppervlak gene volgorde en genotipes was bepaal deur filogenetiese analise met behulp van HepSEQ (www.hepseq.org.uk). Die hele genoom-volgordebepaling was ook uitgevoer. Van die 1000 monsters wat getoets was, was vier monsters positief vir HBsAg en of HBV DNA, dit dui op 'n voorkoms van HBV oordrag van 0.4%. By op volg, twee van die drie besmette babas was positief vir HBsAg, met HBV virale vlakke van groter as 108 IE/ml. Die derde baba was gevind dat sy infeksie opgeklaar het en die vierde kind was verlore as gevolg van op volg. Hierdie besmette babas het almal HBV inenting ontvang. Al vier moeders was HBeAg positief. Volgordebepaling analise het getoon die HBV stamme van die twee babas en vier moeders behoort aan subgenotype A1. Die twee moeder-kind gepaarde rye was homoloë. Die data van hierdie studie toon dat die vertikale oordrag van HBV infeksie in MIV-blootgestelde babas van die Wes-Kaap vind plaas, ten spyte van inenting. Data van die Wes-Kaap, wat 'n HBV voorkoms van 3.4% in MIV-besmette swanger vroue, en dié wat hier aangebied is dui op 'n vertikale oordrag koers van 12% van die HBV. Dit is ten spyte van die wydverspreide gebruik van tenofovir en lamivudine in MIV-geïnfekteerde vroue met 'n lae CD4-telling. Hierdie studie bied data wat ondersteunende oproepe van HBV inenting nader aan die tyd van die geboorte bring. Verdere werk is dringend nodig om die bevindinge te bevestig en die pryse van die oordrag in MIV-blootgestelde babas te bepaal.
National Health Laboratory Service Research Trust
Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (PRF)
Harry Crossley Foundation
Stellenbosch University
Faya, Jean. "La vérité plurielle des médecins : Approche anthropologique de la vaccination contre l’hépatite B, sur les pentes de la Croix-Rousse à Lyon." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20068/document.
Повний текст джерелаVaccination against Hepatitis B is far from being an object of consensus for physicians in the district of the ‘pentes de la Croix-Rousse’ in Lyon. This diversity of opinions questions when this disease seems to kill seven times more than HIV nowadays in France. So we ask ourselves how to construct our truths and how doctors are thinking their ability to establish a connection with the reality of living? To try understanding, we followed the traditional path of the field survey, and we took the methodological opportunity to be both general practitioner and researcher to propose an original anthropological point of view, and to promote reflexivity. Thus we see how the discourse of truth of GPs, specialists or alternative practitioners at the local level, taking shape in the construction of identities and the power games that regulate each other's positions. These mechanisms provide meaning for medical professionals, both for their existence and for their professional practice. But truths are also the result of a genuine effort to access to the reality. Science is then considered as the main tool. Doctors still like to find other mediators, a master or a learned society. And the issue of experience comes timidly last, as not politically correct or not politically desirable. Knowledge through action and seeing things in practice, seems though the common point of all. The difference between the scientist and the practitioner is thus questioned, as the objectivist thinking of professors of medicine and science in general
Stubbe, Muriel. "Lymphocytes T CD4 et réponses vaccinales: du processus de différenciation à la mémoire immunologique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210593.
Повний текст джерелаPour approcher cette question, nous avons utilisé deux approches expérimentales. La première est un suivi de la différenciation des LT CD4 au cours de la réponse immune primaire chez des sujets vaccinés contre l’hépatite B ;la deuxième est la caractérisation phénotypique et fonctionnelle des LT CD4 mémoires antigène(Ag)-spécifiques pendant la phase d’état. Cette analyse a été réalisée au sein des LT CD4 spécifiques d’Ag vaccinaux, l’Ag de surface du virus de l’hépatite B (HBs) et la toxine tétanique (TT), ainsi que ceux spécifiques des Ag du cytomégalovirus (CMV). Les LT CD4 Ag-spécifiques ont été mis en évidence par cytométrie de flux après marquage intracytoplasmique du ligand du CD40 (CD40L) exprimé en réponse à une stimulation de courte durée par l’Ag. Des expériences basées sur la stimulation par la toxine du syndrome du choc toxique et le marquage du segment Vbeta2 du récepteur des LT ont démontré la bonne sensibilité et spécificité de cette méthode.
Le suivi de la réponse primaire chez 11 donneurs jusqu’à plus d’un an après immunisation par le vaccin anti-hépatite B a permis d’établir un modèle de différenciation des LT CD4 Ag-spécifiques in vivo chez l’homme. Nous avons mis en évidence des LT CD4 spécifiques d’un nombre limité de peptides immunodominants de la protéine HBs suggérant une réponse de type oligoclonale. Grâce à l’utilisation d’un cytomètre neuf couleurs, nous avons mené une analyse détaillée de l’hétérogénéité de la population mémoire HBs-spécifique. L’expression du CCR7 permet de distinguer des cellules de type mémoire centrale (LTCM, CCR7+) et effectrice (LTEM, CCR7-) se distinguant notamment par leur capacité à migrer vers les ganglions lymphatiques ainsi que par leurs propriétés fonctionnelles. Nous avons montré l’existence de ces deux sous-populations au sein des cellules HBs-spécifiques mais par opposition à leur définition initiale, ces LTCM sont capables de produire des cytokines effectrices. La proportion importante de LTCM exprimant le Ki67 témoigne d’une activité proliférative persistante in vivo et suggère la capacité de ces cellules à s’auto-renouveler et éventuellement à alimenter le pool des LTEM. La proportion importante de LTCM exprimant la chaîne alpha du récepteur à l’IL-7 (CD127) suggère que ces cellules sont sensibles aux signaux émanant de l’IL-7, une cytokine dont le rôle dans le maintien de la mémoire lymphocytaire T est connu. Compte tenu de la relevance potentielle de ces caractéristiques uniques pour le développement de vaccins et de l’accumulation de travaux montrant l’avantage sélectif des LTCM à conférer une immunité protectrice, nous avons focalisé la dernière partie de ces recherches sur cette sous-population. Une étude transversale des LTCM spécifiques de plusieurs types d’Ag (éliminés (HBs et TT) ou persistants (CMV)) a été menée. Nos résultats montrent une hétérogénéité, variable selon l’Ag, de la capacité de ces cellules à produire des cytokines effectrices et de leur phénotype de différenciation. Cette donnée nouvelle soulève la possibilité que les LTCM soient hétérogènes dans leur capacité à conférer une immunité protectrice. L’acquisition du marqueur KLRG1 par une fraction des LTCM s’associe à une capacité accrue à produire des cytokines effectrices et à une expression élevée du CD127. La possibilité que ces cellules soient particulièrement aptes à conférer une immunité protectrice et durable est discutée, tout comme les mécanismes menant à leur génération et l’intérêt de ces connaissances pour la conception de nouveaux vaccins.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
DRAI, MOLKHOU MARTINE. "Epidemiologie de l'hepatite b : campagnes de vaccination." Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX20207.
Повний текст джерела