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1
Armiano, Ioana. "Creative Interfaces." International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics 2, no. 1 (January 2011): 42–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcicg.2011010104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent developments in process interaction solutions are helping companies and educational institutions to reduce training costs, enhance visualization, and increase communication. Service personnel can make more informed decisions by allowing a broad range of employees to access data instantly. New 3D interactive technologies incorporated into training applications and learning environments together with the introduction of the one projector 3D solution is rapidly changing the landscape for education. Over the last 10 years, virtual reality applications have been applied in various industries; medical, aircraft computer modeling, training simulations for offshore drilling platforms, product configuration, and 3D visualization solutions for education and R&D. This paper examines emergent visualization technologies, their influence on market growth and on new perceptions of learning and teaching. It describes the interrelationship between technology development, technology providers, product launches, R&D, and the motivation to learn and teach new skills. The paper incorporates social, technological, and global markets growth drives, describing the pull and drag synergy between these forces.
2
Dumas, Joseph S., and Janice Redish. "Using Plain English in Designing the User Interface." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 12 (September 1986): 1207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603001216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a human factors specialist, the language you use in the design of the user interface to software is critical to putting the user in control, helping them to get their work done, and supporting them when they err. The language you use should be clear, direct, and straightforward, that is, in plain English. Your role in the software development process allows you to apply the principles of plain English to the development of effective software interfaces. We describe a set of guidelines you can use to apply these principles to your designs.
3
Younger, Jon, and Kurt Sandholtz. "Helping technical professionals build successful careers." Journal of Coatings Technology 71, no. 4 (April 1999): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02697897.
Повний текст джерела
4
Voshell, Martin, David D. Woods, and Flip Phillips. "Overcoming the Keyhole in Human-Robot Coordination: Simulation and Evaluation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 3 (September 2005): 442–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900348.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When environment access is mediated through robotic sensors, field experience and naturalistic studies show robot handlers have difficulties comprehending remote environments - they experience what domain practitioners often call a 'soda straw'. This illustrates the keyhole effect in Human Robot Interaction, a CSE phenomena studied in the context of large virtual data space interfaces and the current research seeks to reduce this effect. A simulation for human-robot coordinated search and rescue was created based on WTC response experiences. Pilot studies showed traditional performance measures to be inadequate in analyzing control and exploration tasks therefore a novel analysis approach based on fractal path tortuosity was developed. New interface concepts for helping remote observers perceive environmental affordances were then tested using the simulation environment and evaluation measures. These studies look to concepts based on Gibsonian principles to reduce keyhole effects in control interfaces to enhance remote functional presence in Human-Robot Coordination.
5
Michel, Laurent, Sinan Acar, Gilles Landais, and André Schaaff. "Toward Binding Database Interfaces with Scientific Papers." EPJ Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818608002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite a large variety of facilities helping to either select or manipulate data from Web interfaces, it remains diffcult to provide users with relevant scientific or technical annotations for those data. Introducing such content by hand into a Web interface is a tedious job with a risk of providing in complete or inadequate content. To overcome this diffculty, we are exploring the possibility of using the names of exposed quantities to index a text corpus. This index can be used to show the most relevant text snippets in a given context. The full text can be displayed by user request and automatically scroll down to that snippet. Our approach is based on the conversion of PDF papers into machinereadable files that are indexed by a search engine. Index entries are reported as PDF annotations that are used to control the display. This workflow has been tested on the IVOA standard corpus as a proof of concept. It has then been applied to the XMM-Newtonuser guides for our catalog interface. Finally, it has been adapted to find resources within portals exposing a lot of various data collections.
6
Navío, Dàmaris, Mireia Rosell, Josu Aguirre, Xavier de la Cruz, and Juan Fernández-Recio. "Structural and Computational Characterization of Disease-Related Mutations Involved in Protein-Protein Interfaces." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 7 (March 29, 2019): 1583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071583.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the known potential effects of disease-causing amino acid substitutions in proteins is to modulate protein-protein interactions (PPIs). To interpret such variants at the molecular level and to obtain useful information for prediction purposes, it is important to determine whether they are located at protein-protein interfaces, which are composed of two main regions, core and rim, with different evolutionary conservation and physicochemical properties. Here we have performed a structural, energetics and computational analysis of interactions between proteins hosting mutations related to diseases detected in newborn screening. Interface residues were classified as core or rim, showing that the core residues contribute the most to the binding free energy of the PPI. Disease-causing variants are more likely to occur at the interface core region rather than at the interface rim (p < 0.0001). In contrast, neutral variants are more often found at the interface rim or at the non-interacting surface rather than at the interface core region. We also found that arginine, tryptophan, and tyrosine are over-represented among mutated residues leading to disease. These results can enhance our understanding of disease at molecular level and thus contribute towards personalized medicine by helping clinicians to provide adequate diagnosis and treatments.
7
Szpytko, Janusz. "Human Reliability Model." Journal of Konbin 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10040-008-0112-9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Human Reliability ModelThe paper is focusing on reliability model of transport devices' human operator. The presented operator model is base on operation potential approach, with taken into account his features and states helping assure of safety decision-making process. The human reliability model is important for future improvement the human - machine interfaces (HMI).
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Rodríguez, Iyubanit, Gabriela Cajamarca, Valeria Herskovic, Carolina Fuentes, and Mauricio Campos. "Helping Elderly Users Report Pain Levels: A Study of User Experience with Mobile and Wearable Interfaces." Mobile Information Systems 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9302328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pain is usually measured through patient reports during doctor visits, but it requires regular evaluation under real-life conditions to be resolved effectively. Over half of older adults suffer from pain. Chronic conditions such as this one may be monitored through technology; however, elderly users require technology to be specifically designed for them, because many have cognitive and physical limitations and lack digital skills. The purpose of this article is to study whether mobile or wearable devices are appropriate to self-report pain levels and to find which body position is more appropriate for elderly people to wear a device to self-report pain. We implemented three prototypes and conducted two phases of evaluation. We found that users preferred the wearable device over the mobile application and that a wearable to self-report pain should be designed specifically for this purpose. Regarding the placement of the wearable, we found that there was no preferred position overall, although the neck position received the most positive feedback. We believe that the possibility of creating a wearable device that may be placed in different positions may be the best solution to satisfy users’ individual preferences.
9
Yu, Lochi, and Cristian Ureña. "A Review of Current Approaches of Brain Computer Interfaces." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 2, no. 2 (April 2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2012040101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since the first recordings of brain electrical activity more than 100 years ago remarkable contributions have been done to understand the brain functionality and its interaction with environment. Regardless of the nature of the brain-computer interface BCI, a world of opportunities and possibilities has been opened not only for people with severe disabilities but also for those who are pursuing innovative human interfaces. Deeper understanding of the EEG signals along with refined technologies for its recording is helping to improve the performance of EEG based BCIs. Better processing and features extraction methods, like Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Wavelet Transform (WT) respectively, are giving promising results that need to be explored. Different types of classifiers and combination of them have been used on EEG BCIs. Linear, neural and nonlinear Bayesian have been the most used classifiers providing accuracies ranges between 60% and 90%. Some demand more computational resources like Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifiers but give good generality. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifiers provide poor generality but low computational resources, making them optimal for some real time BCIs. Better classifiers must be developed to tackle the large patterns variability across different subjects by using every available resource, method or technology.
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Tahiroğlu, Koray, Juan Carlos Vasquez, and Johan Kildal. "Facilitating the Musician's Engagement with New Musical Interfaces: Counteractions in Music Performance." Computer Music Journal 41, no. 2 (June 2017): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00413.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The level of engagement of a musician performing on an instrument is related to the degree of satisfaction derived from that activity. With our work, we aim to assist musicians performing live on a new musical instrument, Network of Interactive Sonic Agents (NOISA), by helping them maintain or increase their level of engagement with the activity. The NOISA system can learn from performers through observation and estimate their engagement level in real time. The new response module, which includes new sound design, comparison of gestures, and audio-analysis features, can also decide what action to take, and when to implement it, to help the performer recover from lowering engagement levels. We report on a formative user study that evaluates the impact of this response module.
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Avila, Manuel, Juana Isabel Méndez, Pedro Ponce, Therese Peffer, Alan Meier, and Arturo Molina. "Energy Management System Based on a Gamified Application for Households." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 3445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123445.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays, the growth in the consumption of energy and the need to face pollution resulting from its generation are causing concern for consumers and providers. Energy consumption in residential buildings and houses is about 22% of total energy production. Cutting-edge energy managers aim to optimize electrical devices in homes, taking into account users’ patterns, goals, and needs, by creating energy consumption awareness and helping current change habits. In this way, energy manager systems (EMSs) monitor and manage electrical appliances, automate and schedule actions, and make suggestions regarding electrical consumption. Furthermore, gamification strategies may change energy consumption patterns through energy managers, which are seen as an option to save energy and money. Therefore, this paper proposes a personalized gamification strategy for an EMS through an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) decision-making engine to classify the level of electrical consumption and persuade the end-user to reduce and modify consumption patterns, saving energy and money with gamified motivations. These strategies have proven to be effective in changing consumer behavior with intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. The interfaces consider three cases for summer and winter periods to calculate the saving-energy potentials: (1) for a type of user that is interested in home-improvement efforts while helping to save energy; (2) for a type of user that is advocating to save energy; (3) for a type of user that is not interested in saving energy. Hence, each interface considers the end-user’s current consumption and the possibility to modify their consumption habits using their current electrical devices. Finally, an interface displaying the electrical consumption for each case exemplifies its linkage with EMSs.
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Wilson, Francelino. "Polémica e humor: interfaces possíveis na crónica de Juma Aiuba." Redis: Revista De Estudos Do Discurso 9 (2020): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21833958/red9a7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the chronicle The “Past-perfect” of life, (O “pretérito mais-que-perfeito” da vida), Juma Aiuba inscribes his speech in two isotopies, i.e. the case of hidden debts and the pandemic of the new coronavirus. This writing model proves to be challenging to discourse analysis, even because it arouses interest in understanding the author’s standard and the enunciator’s marks. In the integrated perspective of Jean-Michel Adam (2001), to the light of the multiple categories, we analyze for the purpose of helping define the standard of JA’s writing and discuss polemics and humor as “connivent” discursive categories in opinionated aspect. From the analysis, it is concluded that JA’s text is inscribed in the ‘polemic discourse’ genre, asserting itself of the polemic-humoristic argumentative modality. For this purpose, the dissent and the ‘surprise effect’ present in his textual production contribute. In this context, the author contributes to the construction of democracy and citizenship in Mozambique, using the dichotomization, negative polarity, and other dialogical categories in the construction of a discourse of social intervention.
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Ibánez, José de Jesús Luis González, and Alf Inge Wang. "Learning Recycling from Playing a Kinect Game." International Journal of Game-Based Learning 5, no. 3 (July 2015): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgbl.2015070103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The emergence of gesture-based computing and inexpensive gesture recognition technology such as the Kinect have opened doors for a new generation of educational games. Gesture based-based interfaces make it possible to provide user interfaces that are more nature and closer to the tasks being carried out, and helping students that learn best through movement (compared to audio and vision). For younger students, motion interfaces can stimulate development of motor skills and let students be physically active during the school day. In this article, an evaluation is presented of a Kinect educational game where students learn to recycle using body gestures. The focus of the evaluation was to investigate potential advantages using gesture-interfaces in educational games, how the game affected the students' engagement, motivation and learning, and if there were any social preferences for playing the game. The results show that elementary school students get highly motivated and engaged playing a Kinect recycling game. The students also report that they learn from playing this game and prefer such game-based learning to traditional lectures. Finally, the students preferred playing this game as a multi-player game, where the boys preferred to play competitive while the girls preferred playing collaboratively.
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Walle, Hélène, Cyril De Runz, Barthélemy Serres, and Gilles Venturini. "A Survey on Recent Advances in AI and Vision-Based Methods for Helping and Guiding Visually Impaired People." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052308.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We present in this paper the state of the art and an analysis of recent research work and achievements performed in the domain of AI-based and vision-based systems for helping blind and visually impaired people (BVIP). We start by highlighting the recent and tremendous importance that AI has acquired following the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN) and their ability to solve image classification tasks efficiently. After that, we also note that VIP have high expectations about AI-based systems as a possible way to ease the perception of their environment and to improve their everyday life. Then, we set the scope of our survey: we concentrate our investigations on the use of CNN or related methods in a vision-based system for helping BVIP. We analyze the existing surveys, and we study the current work (a selection of 30 case studies) using several dimensions such as acquired data, learned models, and human–computer interfaces. We compare the different approaches, and conclude by analyzing future trends in this domain.
15
Azi, Muhammad Fakhrudin, Citra Wiguna, and Khairun Nisa Meiah. "Analisis User Interfaces Pada Website Kampiun ITTP Dengan Metode Heuristik dan System Usability Scale (SUS)." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 6, no. 2 (April 25, 2022): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v6i2.3802.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Kampiun Digital Learning is a website-based Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) owned by the Telkom Purwokerto Institute of Technology (ITTP), which aims to improve the quality of free non-formal education. Unfortunately, since its initial release until now there has never been an analysis of the user interface itself. Even though there are several problems related to the user interface, such as problems with navigation (search filters), notifications, registration instructions, and basic website guidelines. Based on these problems, it is necessary to analyze the user interfaces on the Kampiun website to see how the sustainability of Kampiun is based on the perspectives of experts and users, the combination of Heuristics and System Usability Scale (SUS) methods in this study was carried out because in their functions they have different but complementary, heuristic focuses. has the perspective of the experts, while SUS has the perspective of the user. This study uses 10 heuristic aspects and 10 SUS questionnaire questions. The purpose of this research is to be able to produce recommendations for improvement from both existing perspectives and identify aspects that need improvement, as well as being useful in helping to find problematic heuristic aspects that must be addressed. The SUS score from the Kampiun website after the calculation is done is 58.4. The results of this study are recommendations on aspects that need to be improved in order to provide a significant increase in the SUS score, several recommendations for improvements that need to be made include clarity of information, use of images, appropriate colors and grammar, consistency of writing, standard writing standards, error message, there is an online guide and a help button.
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Deitz, Dan. "Connecting The Dots With CFD." Mechanical Engineering 120, no. 03 (March 1, 1998): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1998-mar-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article focuses on use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software in the design of ink-jet printers with accuracy equivalent to laser printers. CFD codes track sharp interfaces through arbitrary deformations and to apply the correct normal and tangential stress boundary conditions. CFD software solves the governing equations for fluid flow, heat transfer, and chemistry at several thousand discrete points on a computational grid in the flow domain. Engineers using CFD can obtain solutions for problems with complex geometries and boundary conditions. The CFD analysis yields values for fluid velocity and fluid temperature throughout the solution domain. CFD software cut the production time of the first ink-jet printer in the Lexmark International Inc, Lexington, KY, 7000 lines by helping engineers to determine the tolerances needed to align dots fired from the printhead on the printed page. Engineers at Lexmark have also developed custom lumped-parameter models that provide a faster but less comprehensive model of ink-jet operation, and use these frequently for parametric studies. The combination of the two modeling approaches is helping to improve the performance and reduce the cost of Lexmark printers.
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VAILLANT, PASCAL. "Interpretation of iconic utterances based on contents representation: Semantic analysis in the PVI system." Natural Language Engineering 4, no. 1 (March 1998): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324997001836.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article focuses on the need for technological aid for agrammatics, and presents a system designed to meet this need. The field of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) explores ways to allow people with speech or language disabilities to communicate. The use of computers and natural language processing techniques offers a range of new possibilities in this direction. Yet AAC addresses speech deficits mainly, not linguistic disabilities. A model of aided AAC interfaces with a place for natural language processing is presented. The PVI system, described in this contribution, makes use of such advanced techniques. It has been developed at Thomson-CSF for the use of children with cerebral palsy. It presents a customizable interface helping the disabled to compose sequences of icons displayed on a computer screen. A semantic parser, using lexical semantics information, is used to determine the best case assignments for predicative icons in the sequence. It maximizes a global value, the ‘semantic harmony’ of the sequence. The resulting conceptual graph is fed to a natural language generation module which uses Tree Adjoining Grammars (TAG) to generate French sentences. Evaluation by users demonstrates the system's strengths and limitations, and shows the ways for future developments.
18
Xu, Tao, Zhiyi Pan, Bo Gao, Jiaxi Huang, Xuefei Chen, Yi Liu, Lirong Xiao, and Hao Zhou. "Effect of Rolling Temperature on the Structural Refinement and Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Heterostructured Low-Carbon Steel." Metals 12, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12010115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Warm rolling at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 500 °C was conducted on the dual-phase heterostructured low-carbon steel to investigate the effect of deformation temperature on the structural refinement and mechanical properties. Defying our intuition, the grain size and strength of the rolled steels do not deteriorate with the increase in deformation temperature. Warm rolling at 300 °C produces a much finer lamellar structure and higher strength than steels rolled at both room temperature and elevated temperature. It is supposed that the enhanced interactions between carbon atoms and defects (interfaces and dislocations) at 300 °C promote dislocation accumulation and stabilize the nanostructure, thus helping with producing an extremely finer structure and higher strength than other temperatures.
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Tsai, H. L. "Transmission electron microscopy in VLSI/ULSI materials and devices: specimen preparation and applications." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 45 (August 1987): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100126196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The performance of a VLSI/ULSI device can be affected by material defects generated during device processing, structural characteristics of the device, and reliability of metallization. In these areas, the transmission electron microscope has been an important tool in helping understand the effects of material defects and process-induced issues on the device properties. With high resolution electron microscopy, it has been possible to characterize the structures of device interfaces, which often play a decisive role in the device performance. Recently, we have applied TEM/HREM to the studies of oxygen precipitation in silicon materials, thermal oxide integrity in VLSI/ULSI devices, and metallization. In order to improve the TEM/HREM capability in VLSI/ULSI devices, a multilayered technique to prepare TEM cross sections has been developed.
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Chuang, Chia-Chun, Chien-Ching Lee, Edmund-Cheung So, Chia-Hong Yeng, and Yeou-Jiunn Chen. "Multi-Task Learning-Based Deep Neural Network for Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential-Based Brain–Computer Interfaces." Sensors 22, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 8303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) causes people to have difficulty communicating with others or devices. In this paper, multi-task learning with denoising and classification tasks is used to develop a robust steady-state visual evoked potential-based brain–computer interface (SSVEP-based BCI), which can help people communicate with others. To ease the operation of the input interface, a single channel-based SSVEP-based BCI is selected. To increase the practicality of SSVEP-based BCI, multi-task learning is adopted to develop the neural network-based intelligent system, which can suppress the noise components and obtain a high level of accuracy of classification. Thus, denoising and classification tasks are selected in multi-task learning. The experimental results show that the proposed multi-task learning can effectively integrate the advantages of denoising and discriminative characteristics and outperform other approaches. Therefore, multi-task learning with denoising and classification tasks is very suitable for developing an SSVEP-based BCI for practical applications. In the future, an augmentative and alternative communication interface can be implemented and examined for helping people with ALS communicate with others in their daily lives.
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Richardson, Joy, Kirsten M. A. Revell, Jisun Kim, and Neville A. Stanton. "The iconography of vehicle automation—a focus group study." Human-Intelligent Systems Integration 3, no. 3 (June 28, 2021): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42454-021-00034-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractSAE level 2 and 3 semi-autonomous vehicles are widely available but, due to the nature of automation, their in-vehicle displays are required to communicate more complex information to the driver. Examination of interfaces from a variety of manufacturers revealed a clear lack of consistency in the way key information is displayed. Different manufacturers have adopted icons varying in shape and colour to convey the same message. When driving a semi-autonomous vehicle, mode awareness is critical for trust, performance and safety. Standardisation of icons has been shown to have many benefits including opening products up to wider international markets by helping overcome language and cultural barriers, by providing a method of communication which can surpass them. However, the current lack of standardisation in icon design could cause mode confusion and has little cross-vehicle compatibility. To understand the impact of mode confusion on users, a focus group was held in which participants were asked to interpret the meaning of icons from a variety of different driver interfaces. Ambiguity in user interpretations makes the case for the introduction of new ISO standard icons to better support drivers in SAE level 2 and 3 automated vehicles.
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Al-Bastaki, Yousif, and Khalid A. Al-Mutawah. "ANN Based Approach to Integrate Smell Sense in Multimedia Systems." International Journal of Technology Diffusion 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jtd.2011070102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite the wide usage of multimedia in several applications, research in the field of olfaction is immature in helping humans work and communicate through multi-sensory interfaces, including smell. There is no consistent method of testing user capability of smell. Therefore, smell detection and generation systems are not well integrated into today’s multimedia systems. In this paper, the authors propose an odor sensing system with the capability of the discrimination among closely similar 20 different odor patterns and propose an on-line classification method using a handheld odor meter (OMX-GR sensor) and neural network that can be used in different multimedia applications. The proposed system is integrated to enhance the functionality of an online multimedia shopping system that is capable of selling products with visual and auditory senses.
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Chaney, Allison, and David Blei. "Visualizing Topic Models." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 6, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v6i1.14321.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Managing large collections of documents is an important problem for many areas of science, industry, and culture. Probabilistic topic modeling offers a promising solution. Topic modeling is an unsupervised machine learning method that learns the underlying themes in a large collection of otherwise unorganized documents. This discovered structure summarizes and organizes the documents. However, topic models are high-level statistical tools—a user must scrutinize numerical distributions to understand and explore their results. In this paper, we present a method for visualizing topic models. Our method creates a navigator of the documents, allowing users to explore the hidden structure that a topic model discovers. These browsing interfaces reveal meaningful patterns in a collection, helping end-users explore and understand its contents in new ways. We provide open source software of our method.
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Kettwich, Carmen, Andreas Schrank, Hüseyin Avsar, and Michael Oehl. "A Helping Human Hand: Relevant Scenarios for the Remote Operation of Highly Automated Vehicles in Public Transport." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 4350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094350.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Remote operation bears the potential to roll out highly automated vehicles (AVs, SAE Level 4) more safely and quickly. Moreover, legal regulations on highly automated driving, e.g., the current law on highly automated driving (SAE Level 4) in Germany, permit a remote supervisor to monitor and intervene in driving operations remotely in lieu of a safety operator on board AVs. In order to derive requirements for safe and effective remote driving and remote assistance of AVs and to create suitable human-centered design solutions for human-machine interfaces (HMIs) that serve this purpose, a set of 74 core scenarios that are likely to occur in public transport AVs under remote operation was compiled. The scenarios were collected in several projects on the remote operation of AVs across a variety of contexts including interviews with and observations of control center staff, video analyses from naturalistic road events, and interviews with safety operators of AVs. A hierarchical system that is based on interactions of central actors was used to structure the scenarios. The set explicates relevant cases in remote operation, which may help improve workplaces for remote operation both by combatting human factors issues such as distraction and fatigue, and by boosting usability, user experience, trust, and acceptance. As the catalogue of scenarios is not exhaustive, scenarios may be added as knowledge of the remote operation of AVs progresses. Further research is needed to validate and adapt the scenarios to specific conceptualizations of remote operations.
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Kettwich, Carmen, Andreas Schrank, Hüseyin Avsar, and Michael Oehl. "A Helping Human Hand: Relevant Scenarios for the Remote Operation of Highly Automated Vehicles in Public Transport." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 4350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094350.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Remote operation bears the potential to roll out highly automated vehicles (AVs, SAE Level 4) more safely and quickly. Moreover, legal regulations on highly automated driving, e.g., the current law on highly automated driving (SAE Level 4) in Germany, permit a remote supervisor to monitor and intervene in driving operations remotely in lieu of a safety operator on board AVs. In order to derive requirements for safe and effective remote driving and remote assistance of AVs and to create suitable human-centered design solutions for human-machine interfaces (HMIs) that serve this purpose, a set of 74 core scenarios that are likely to occur in public transport AVs under remote operation was compiled. The scenarios were collected in several projects on the remote operation of AVs across a variety of contexts including interviews with and observations of control center staff, video analyses from naturalistic road events, and interviews with safety operators of AVs. A hierarchical system that is based on interactions of central actors was used to structure the scenarios. The set explicates relevant cases in remote operation, which may help improve workplaces for remote operation both by combatting human factors issues such as distraction and fatigue, and by boosting usability, user experience, trust, and acceptance. As the catalogue of scenarios is not exhaustive, scenarios may be added as knowledge of the remote operation of AVs progresses. Further research is needed to validate and adapt the scenarios to specific conceptualizations of remote operations.
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Flach, John M., Phil Schanely, Luke Kuenneke, Bennett Chidoro, Jad Mubaslat, and Brandon Howard. "Electronic Health Records and Evidence-Based Practice: Solving the Little-Data Problem." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 7, no. 1 (June 2018): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857918071002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is great excitement in the healthcare field about the prospects of digital medicine and the associated availability of Big Data for supporting new discoveries that lead to improved healthcare. However, less attention has been devoted to the problem of using the power of digital systems (e.g., EHRs) for communicating the results from these discoveries to practicing clinical healthcare workers. This is the Little Data Problem. This paper discusses how the frameworks of CSE and UXD are helping designers to address the Little Data Problem. The focus is on designing software and interfaces that function as cognitive tools improving situation awareness and supporting sensemaking. Work to develop an app to help people assess cardiovascular health is described as a concrete example of how CSE and UXD principles are being applied to design technologies that support evidence-based clinical practice.
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ETIENNE, F. "The Impact of Modern Graphics Tools on Science, and their Limitations." International Journal of Modern Physics C 02, no. 01 (March 1991): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918319100007x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Within the last few years the range of scientific applications for which computer graphics is used has become extremely large. However, not all scientists require the same level of computing power. Until recently the software interface to graphics display systems has been provided by the manufacturers of the hardware. This generated interest in the possibility of using graphics standards. Another important issue is related to the deluge of data generated by super-computers and high-volume data sources which make it impossible for users to have an overall knowledge of either the data structures or the application programs. Partial solutions can be found in emerging products providing an interactive computational environment for scientific visualization. Some of the characteristics required for graphics hardware are presented. From a hardware perspective, graphics computing involves the use of a graphical computer system with sufficient power and functionality that the user can manipulate and interact with displayed objects. To achieve such a level of performance computers are usually designed as networked workstations with access to local graphics capabilities. Finally, it is made clear that the main computer graphics applications are scientific activities. From high energy physics experiments with wireframe event displays up to medical imaging with interactive volume rendering, scientific visualization is not simply displaying data from data intensive sources. Fields of computer graphics like image processing, computer aided design, signal processing and user interfaces provide tools helping researchers to understand and steer scientific computation.
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Murmanto, Imanuel Revelino, and Dina Fitria Murad. "Computerizing Values and Accessing Values via SMS." Ultima InfoSys : Jurnal Ilmu Sistem Informasi 10, no. 2 (January 16, 2020): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/si.v10i2.1163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to design an application to provide information to parents of SDK III BPK Penabur students regarding the exam schedule, and student grades via SMS. The design method used is the System Development Lifecycle method. The application design is done using the Visual Basic 6.0 programming language for designing application programs and interfaces and MySQL for designing the database. This application consists of several modules, namely the module processing data, processing values, processing SMS, and reports. The module is integrated to form a Computerized Value application and Value Access via SMS. In testing the application of Computerized Values and Value Accessing Through SMS, white box testing and Black Box Testing methods are used. Tests are carried out at the module, program and system level. In addition, user testing is also done. The advantages of the application of Computerized Values and Value of Access Through SMS help parents to obtain information about student learning outcomes, helping teachers to process student grades
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Srinivasa K G, Sowmya BJ, Abhinav Shikhar, Ritu Utkarsha, and Aahan Singh. "Data Analytics Assisted Internet of Things Towards Building Intelligent Healthcare Monitoring Systems." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 30, no. 4 (October 2018): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2018100106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rise in technology has had a tremendous impact in the field of healthcare. Moreover, the Internet of Things and ubiquitous computing when applied to the field of healthcare can ease the process by helping doctors better monitor their patients thereby enabling a speedy recovery. This paper proposes three systems to demonstrate the wide array of fields in healthcare and everyday life where Internet of Things can be applied. The first is a system to monitor infants while they sleep to detect crying. Once detected the system swings the cradle and also alerts the parents. The second system aims to help in rehabilitation of patients undergoing corrective knee surgery or other knee related procedures. This is done with the help of accelerometers attached to the joint which interfaces with a microcontroller and constantly monitors the knee movements. The last system aims to help the blind wear the right combination of clothing. This is achieved using image and pattern recognition.
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Mollo Neto, Mario, Mariana Matulovic, and Paulo Sérgio Barbosa dos Santos. "Supervisory System For Monitoring, Control And Estimating Thermal Comfort For Broiler and Laying Hens Production Sheds." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 316–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss3.2232.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aims to promote the project for the construction of software, firmware, and micro-controlled hardware, which together allow the automatic control of the temperature and humidity index (THI) in real-time the intensive production environment in poultry and laying hens production houses, thus avoiding productive losses due to the stress to which the birds are subjected. This system aims, from the information from a set of sensors, connected to a microcontroller acquisition and control board, to infer the temperature and humidity index from the measured climatic variables, to enable the corresponding activation of electronic interfaces with electric actuators, for the automatic activation of ventilation devices, humidification and curtain actuation and the lighting of production houses, keeping the environmental conditions of the house within a convenient range of temperature and relative humidity to ensure thermal comfort and thus avoiding bird stress. Thus, helping to mitigate production losses and facilitating managers real-time monitoring of the shed to achieve greater productivity and competitiveness.
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Martinez, Kimberly D., and Gaojian Huang. "The Effects of Tactile Display on Automated Vehicle Takeover: A Literature Review." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (September 2022): 1305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661391.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Current autonomous vehicles are still semi-autonomous and require drivers to take over control of the vehicle under various conditions (e.g., encountering erased lane markings). This presents an issue in human-machine interaction, as there is a need for reliable methods to guide drivers through the sudden and complex takeover process. A tactile display that can present multi-dimensional information (e.g., status, direction, and position) may be a good option, especially when the information presented in their visual and auditory channels is overloading. However, limited work has attempted to summarize this topic. Therefore, the goal of this study is to synthesize literature that examined the effects of tactile display on takeover performance in automated vehicles. Findings indicated that tactile displays can be placed in multiple in-vehicle locations to present various vibrotactile patterns helping to improve drivers’ performance during the automated vehicle takeover, which could inform the design of human-machine interfaces for autonomous vehicles.
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Sharma, Ashish, Lawrence Tarbox, Tahsin Kurc, Jonathan Bona, Kirk Smith, Pradeeban Kathiravelu, Erich Bremer, Joel H. Saltz, and Fred Prior. "PRISM: A Platform for Imaging in Precision Medicine." JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, no. 4 (September 2020): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PURPOSE Precision medicine requires an understanding of individual variability, which can only be acquired from large data collections such as those supported by the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). We have undertaken a program to extend the types of data TCIA can support. This, in turn, will enable TCIA to play a key role in precision medicine research by collecting and disseminating high-quality, state-of-the-art, quantitative imaging data that meet the evolving needs of the cancer research community METHODS A modular technology platform is presented that would allow existing data resources, such as TCIA, to evolve into a comprehensive data resource that meets the needs of users engaged in translational research for imaging-based precision medicine. This Platform for Imaging in Precision Medicine (PRISM) helps streamline the deployment and improve TCIA’s efficiency and sustainability. More importantly, its inherent modular architecture facilitates a piecemeal adoption by other data repositories. RESULTS PRISM includes services for managing radiology and pathology images and features and associated clinical data. A semantic layer is being built to help users explore diverse collections and pool data sets to create specialized cohorts. PRISM includes tools for image curation and de-identification. It includes image visualization and feature exploration tools. The entire platform is distributed as a series of containerized microservices with representational state transfer interfaces. CONCLUSION PRISM is helping modernize, scale, and sustain the technology stack that powers TCIA. Repositories can take advantage of individual PRISM services such as de-identification and quality control. PRISM is helping scale image informatics for cancer research at a time when the size, complexity, and demands to integrate image data with other precision medicine data-intensive commons are mounting.
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Presser, Nadi Helena, Eli Lopes da Silva, and Raimundo Nonato Macedo dos Santos. "Recursos de formulação e visualização de indicadores para apoiar processos de gestão educacional em IESs." RDBCI: Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2010): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rdbci.v7i2.1967.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recursos de visualização das informações produzidas pelo sistema de gestão educacional da educação superior do Senac/SC, estruturado com base em indicadores de qualidade. A concepção lógica do ciclo da informação do sistema está fundamentada em uma perspectiva teórica que envolveu um diálogo multidisciplinar, buscando interfaces com autores da ciência da informação no estabelecimento de fluxos de comunicação e de estruturas de visualização da informação. Dessa forma, apresenta uma estrutura de visualização da informação interativa, utilizando a técnica conhecida como dashboard com o objetivo de auxiliar os usuários no processo de monitoramento e recuperação das informações. O trabalho enfoca como as informações produzidas pelo sistema são registradas e visualizadas com o objetivo de potencializar a apropriação da informação e ativar o conhecimento dos gestores sobre a performance das Faculdades de Tecnologia Senac em Santa Catarina.AbstractThe main aims of this study is to present an information visualization resource produced for the system of educational management of higher education at Senac/SC, structuralized on the basis of quality indicators. This system is based on a theoretical perspective that involves a dialogue to multidiscipline, searching interfaces for authors of information, to establish flows of communication and visualize structures of information. It presents a structure of interactive information, using the technique known as “dashboard” with the objective of supporting the users with the monitoring process and information recovery. The work focuses on the information produced for the system to be registered and visualized with the objective of empowering the appropriate information and helping the faculty managers at Senac Technical College in Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Hsiao, I.-Han, and Peter Brusilovsky. "Guiding and Motivating Students through Open Social Student Modeling: Lessons Learned." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 119, no. 3 (March 2017): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811711900302.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background/Context A large number of educational resources are now made available on the web to support both regular classroom learning and online learning. The abundance of available content has produced at least two problems: how to help students find the most appropriate resources and how to engage them in using and benefiting from these resources. Personalized and social learning have been suggested as potential ways to address these problems. Our work attempts to integrate these directions of research by combining the ideas of adaptive navigation support and open student modeling with the ideas of social comparison and social visualization. We call our approach Open Social Student Modeling (OSSM). Objective/Research Questions First, we review a sequence of our earlier projects focused on Open Social Student Modeling for one kind of learning content and formulate several key design principles that contribute to the success of OSSM. Second, we present our exploration of OSSM in a more challenging context of modeling student progress for two kinds of learning content in parallel. We aim to answer the following research questions: How do we design OSSM interfaces to support many kinds of learning content in parallel? Will current identified design principles (key features) confirm the power of the learning community through OSSM with multiple learning-resource collections? Will the OSSM visualization provide successful personalized guidance within a richer collection of educational resources? Research Design We designed four classroom studies to assess the value of different options for OSSM visualization of one and multiple kinds of learning content in the context of programming-language learning. We examined the comparative success of different design options to distill successful design patterns and other important lessons for the future developers of OSSM for personalized and social e-learning. Findings/Results The results confirmed the motivational impact of personalized social guidance provided by the OSSM system in the target context. The interface encouraged students to explore more topics and motivated them to work ahead of the course schedule. Both strong and weak students worked with the appropriate levels of questions for their readiness, which yielded consistent performance across different levels of complex problems. Additionally, providing more realistic content collection on the navigation-supported OSSM visualizations resulted in uniform performance for the group. Conclusions/Recommendation A sequence of studies of several OSSM interfaces confirmed that a combination of adaptive navigational support, open student modeling, and social visualization in the form of the OSSM interface can reinforce the navigational and motivational values of these approaches. In several contexts, the OSSM interface demonstrated its ability to offer effective guidance in helping students to locate the most relevant content at the right time while increasing student motivation to work with diverse learning content.
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Hsu, Bi-Min. "Braille Recognition for Reducing Asymmetric Communication between the Blind and Non-Blind." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Assistive braille technology has existed for many years with the purpose of aiding the blind in performing common tasks such as reading, writing, and communicating with others. Such technologies are aimed towards helping those who are visually impaired to better adapt to the visual world. However, an obvious gap exists in current technology when it comes to symmetric two-way communication between the blind and non-blind, as little technology allows non-blind individuals to understand the braille system. This research presents a novel approach to convert images of braille into English text by employing a convolutional neural network (CNN) model and a ratio character segmentation algorithm (RCSA). Further, a new dataset was constructed, containing a total of 26,724 labeled braille images, which consists of 37 braille symbols that correspond to 71 different English characters, including the alphabet, punctuation, and numbers. The performance of the CNN model yielded a prediction accuracy of 98.73% on the test set. The functionality performance of this artificial intelligence (AI) based recognition system could be tested through accessible user interfaces in the future.
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Cherif, Emna. "On-Demand Online Real Estate Information System." International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 4, no. 3 (July 2013): 42–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsita.2013070102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Internet is helping change the structure of the residential real estate industry by offering new services in the system aiming to enhance the facilities provided to the user. This would enhance the demand chain management. The first purpose of this paper is to illustrate these changes by specifying the functional components of the demand chain management system for online real estate. The author uses a formal specification language to model the interaction between the online real estate management system, the new entities and the other actors. The proposed online real estate management system includes advanced modules that can be bundled together, creating differentiation and enhancing the value chain. The second objective is to propose a simplified implementation architecture for an integrated demand and supply chain management system for online real estate services. The author chose an open source Customer Relationship Management system as a platform to manage some of the online real estate modules. Other value-added modules are integrated from third-party providers using their open interfaces.
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Hsu, Yu Lin, Pai Ling Chang, Yun Shing Chen, and Da Wei Lin. "A Study for Network-Based Corporate Identity Information Service System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 311 (February 2013): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.311.49.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the modern information era, communication between customers and designers must be efficient and systematic, streamlining the design process. Design processes should be interactive and effective. The Corporate Identity Information Service System (CIISS), based on a network platform, achieves this, allowing customers to participate in and evaluate the design of Corporate Identity Systems (CIS). This personalized information service system integrates corporate logos, terms and their application to merchandise, helping customers to visualize concepts and generate designs in real-time via the network. A network system was developed to support a customized commercial system for CIS design. Interfaces and object-oriented methods were integrated into an online real-time publishing information system with a database and search engine. Designers and customers are able to utilize digitized images of merchandise, corporate logos and wordings and retrieve relevant information on corporate logos, symbols, color schemes and specific wording simultaneously. This system provides rapid communication through a real-time display and customized information service, making the process of CIS design more efficient for both designer and customer.
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Lowney, Brydon, Ivan Lokmer, Gareth Shane O’Brien, Lawrence Amy, Christopher J. Bean, and Michael Igoe. "Enhancing interpretability with diffraction imaging using plane-wave destruction aided by frequency-wavenumber f-k filtering." Interpretation 8, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): T541—T554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2019-0199.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A conventional processing workflow favors only the specular reflections, reducing or removing other wavefield interactions. These specular reflections are unsuitable for directly imaging sharp corners, such as those in fault zones and pinch outs; therefore, diffractions are used instead in a technique known as diffraction imaging. Plane-wave destruction (PWD) is a well-established method for removing reflections and imaging diffractions. However, this method assumes a gently variable slope; therefore, it fails to remove energy in areas that do not follow this assumption such as curved interfaces. To remove the remnant energy in these areas and thus enhance the overall interpretability of the diffraction images, we have adopted a simple spatial-variable filter in the frequency-wavenumber f-k domain based on the calculated dip field used for PWD, applied post PWD. To demonstrate the method, we have examined this on a range of synthetic data, complex synthetic data, and real data. The created diffraction images have then been interpreted to evidence the benefit of diffraction imaging in seismic interpretation, helping to delineate pinch outs, faults, and rugose surfaces.
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Li, Hao, Yu-Ping Wang, Jie Yin, and Gang Tan. "SmartShell: Automated Shell Scripts Synthesis from Natural Language." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 29, no. 02 (February 2019): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194019500098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern shell scripts provide interfaces with rich functionality for system administration. However, it is not easy for end-users to write correct shell scripts; misusing commands may cause unpredictable results. In this paper, we present SmartShell, an automated function-based tool for shell script synthesis, which uses natural language descriptions as input. It can help the computer system to “understand” users’ intentions. SmartShell is based on two insights: (1) natural language descriptions for system objects (such as files and processes) and operations can be recognized by natural language processing tools; (2) system-administration tasks are often completed by short shell scripts that can be automatically synthesized from natural language descriptions. SmartShell synthesizes shell scripts in three steps: (1) using natural language processing tools to convert the description of a system-administration task into a syntax tree; (2) using program-synthesis techniques to construct a SmartShell intermediate-language script from the syntax tree; (3) translating the intermediate-language script into a shell script. Experimental results show that SmartShell can successfully synthesize 53.7% of tasks collected from shell-script helping forums.
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Winter, Martin, Felix Riedel, Felix Lee, Rudolf K. Fruhwirth, Florian Kronsteiner, Herwig Zeiner, and Heribert Vallant. "Recommendation of Counteractions for Prevention of Critical Events in Sub-Surface Drilling Environments." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 5, no. 3 (July 2013): 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdsst.2013070102.
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Sub-Surface Drilling is the process of making boreholes into the Earth, which can reach depths of many kilometers. One of the major purposes of such boreholes is the exploration of oil or gas bearing formations with the goal to recover the content of such reservoirs. Problems in drilling operations pose serious risks for the crew and the environment and can cause significant financial losses. Critical events usually do not arise abruptly, but develop over time before they escalate. In this work, the authors present a system that integrates sensor data and machine learning algorithms into a decision support system (DSS), thus helping to avoid critical events by monitoring and recommending preventive measures. The authors describe how the DSS is implemented as a distributed system and how data-driven decision support processes are implemented and integrated into the system. The DSS detects drilling operations by recognizing temporal patterns in the sensor data and uses a combination of detected operational rig-states and sensor data to predict and recommend preventive measures for the stuck pipe problem. The sensor data, detection results and predictions are distributed to all stakeholders and displayed in appropriate user interfaces.
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Biscaia, Hugo, João Cardoso, and Carlos Chastre. "A Finite Element Based Analysis of Double Strap Bonded Joints with CFRP and Aluminium." Key Engineering Materials 754 (September 2017): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.754.237.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The bonding between two different materials or between same materials is a quite popular method. Unlike fastener joints, it avoids undesirable stress concentrations and doesn't demand an intrusive application to ensure the good performance of the joint. However, depending on the configuration of the adhesively bonded joint, its performance responds differently and the choice (if possible to make) on the best configuration, i.e. the configuration that originates the highest strength and/or stiffness, may be hard to make. Within this context, several configurations of aluminium-to-aluminium bonded joints unstrengthened and strengthened with fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) were modelled using a commercial finite element code. The linearity and nonlinearity of the FRP composite and the aluminium were considered, respectively, and the adhesively bonded joints were subjected to a regular displacement that intended to simulate a tensioning load. Also, the nonlinearities of the interfaces were considered in the form of nonlinear cohesive adhesive laws. The fracture Modes I and II were defined trough a bond-slip relation with a bi-linear shape and the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is used for the coupling of the cohesive adhesive laws of the interface when the debonding process of the bonded joint configuration implies the interaction between both fracture modes, i.e. the joint is under a mixed-mode (Mode I+II) situation. The results are presented and discussed and the configurations of the bonded joints are all compared through bond stress distributions and load-slip responses. The study herein presented is, therefore, a contribution to the analysis of the structural integrity of bonded joints between FRP composites and aluminium substrates, helping also on the choice of the most adequate bonded joint configuration and corresponding reinforcement to be used and applied in practice.
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Gál, Tímea, Mihály Soós, and Zoltán Szakály. "Applying new innovative market research methods in the innovation process of new products." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 2, no. 3 (September 10, 2017): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2017.3.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The innovation environment has changed a lot in the recent years, companies and their enterprises concentrating on product- and process innovation have undergone a lot of changes. According to GUPTA et al. (1986) product innovation is a multidisciplinary process. Although, all functional interfaces are important in the product development process, the research and development – marketing interface is one of the most difficult one. In the last two decades the incredibly fast penetration of the internet has more and more effects on the consumer attitudes. It encourages market researchers to apply such methods by which they could get as close as to the consumers to know their attitudes without taking them out of their natural habitat. In this study our aim is to concentrate on the first phase of the product innovation, which is the exploration of insights and attitudes. In this phase we can use the classical, conventional market research techniques if we want to get primary data, such as focus group interviews, questionnaires, in-depth interviews, but there are new methods as well. One of such novel methods is netnography. The biggest advantage of this research method is that the researcher can observe the consumer groups’ state of mind and decision-making mechanisms through publicly available communication sources in their natural environment. In this study it will be analysed how the directions of netnographic researches have changed by the dynamic changes of the internet. Besides, online participants’ attitudes towards healthconscious nutrition are analysed in practice. As a result of this study, special groups could be identified, which can provide a new perspective for the companies operating in this field beside the classical segmentation techniques. These groups can be the ones which draw up latent market requirements, and thus, helping the companies’ innovation processes.
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Wilmoth, Jared L. "Redox Heterogeneity Entangles Soil and Climate Interactions." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2021): 10084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810084.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Interactions between soils and climate impact wider environmental sustainability. Soil heterogeneity intricately regulates these interactions over short spatiotemporal scales and therefore needs to be more finely examined. This paper examines how redox heterogeneity at the level of minerals, microbial cells, organic matter, and the rhizosphere entangles biogeochemical cycles in soil with climate change. Redox heterogeneity is used to develop a conceptual framework that encompasses soil microsites (anaerobic and aerobic) and cryptic biogeochemical cycling, helping to explain poorly understood processes such as methanogenesis in oxygenated soils. This framework is further shown to disentangle global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pathways that include CO2, CH4, and N2O. Climate-driven redox perturbations are discussed using wetlands and tropical forests as model systems. Powerful analytical methods are proposed to be combined and used more extensively to study coupled abiotic and biotic reactions that are affected by redox heterogeneity. A core view is that emerging and future research will benefit substantially from developing multifaceted analyses of redox heterogeneity over short spatiotemporal scales in soil. Taking a leap in our understanding of soil and climate interactions and their evolving influence on environmental sustainability then depends on greater collaborative efforts to comprehensively investigate redox heterogeneity spanning the domain of microscopic soil interfaces.
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Dinelli, Franco, Filippo Fabbri, Stiven Forti, Camilla Coletti, Oleg V. Kolosov, and Pasqualantonio Pingue. "Scanning Probe Spectroscopy of WS2/Graphene Van Der Waals Heterostructures." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 2494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122494.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we present a study of tungsten disulfide (WS2) two-dimensional (2D) crystals, grown on epitaxial Graphene. In particular, we have employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and µRaman spectroscopy combined with multifunctional scanning probe microscopy (SPM), operating in peak force–quantitative nano mechanical (PF-QNM), ultrasonic force microscopy (UFM) and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) modes. This comparative approach provides a wealth of useful complementary information and allows one to cross-analyze on the nanoscale the morphological, mechanical, and electrostatic properties of the 2D heterostructures analyzed. Herein, we show that PF-QNM can accurately map surface properties, such as morphology and adhesion, and that UFM is exceptionally sensitive to a broader range of elastic properties, helping to uncover subsurface features located at the buried interfaces. All these data can be correlated with the local electrostatic properties obtained via EFM mapping of the surface potential, through the cantilever response at the first harmonic, and the dielectric permittivity, through the cantilever response at the second harmonic. In conclusion, we show that combining multi-parametric SPM with SEM and µRaman spectroscopy helps to identify single features of the WS2/Graphene/SiC heterostructures analyzed, demonstrating that this is a powerful tool-set for the investigation of 2D materials stacks, a building block for new advanced nano-devices.
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Li, Qiong, and Carol A. Rubin. "An Expert System for 2D Stress Analysis of Human Teeth." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1611.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The concepts of rapidly and automatically obtaining the stresses found in specific human teeth and performing quick parametric studies has been a persistent goal in bioengineering. Finite element analysis (FEA) is a powerful approach for human tooth stress analysis and has been applied to various dental researches. However, the whole FEA process is a major challenge to dental researchers since special simulation skills and expert knowledge in mechanics are required for constructing proper models and obtaining accurate results. This paper presents an expert system that permits dentists with no engineering expertise to obtain stress distributions accurately and rapidly for various dental applications. The expert system for 2D stress analysis of human teeth is developed on the customization platforms provided by commercial computer aided design (CAD) software (ProEngineer Wildfire 3.0, Parametric Technology Corporation, Needham, MA, USA) and FEA software (MD Patran R2, MSC Software Corporation, CA, USA), respectively. A knowledge based system is built for helping users carry out the whole FEA process automatically. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are constructed for inputting the necessary tooth information such as dimensions, material properties, etc. An orthodontic application is presented for showing how the expert system works. The approaches developed and applied here can be expanded to provide automatic stress analyses for many other applications as well.
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Zavos, Anastasios, and Pantelis G. Nikolakopoulos. "The effect of square-shaped pockets position in sliding line contacts under mixed regime of lubrication." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 233, no. 3 (July 11, 2018): 490–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650118787625.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The production of surface topography by artificial pockets is introduced as a well-known method to reduce friction and wear between conjugating surfaces under different lubrication regimes. As a result, the proper design and position of the pockets are of prime importance. This paper supports that goal and focuses on the contribution of the square-shaped textures in several inlet positions and densities on film thickness and wear of line contacts under mixed lubricated conditions. The applied load, the sliding speed, and the lubricant oil are set on a custom-built block-on-ring test rig. The lubricant film thickness is measured in real time using capacitive sensors. The wear behavior of the pocketed samples is also examined by an optical microscopy before and after the tests. The findings are compared by the results of similar studies. The results showed that using square-shaped pockets with high density in line contacts can pronounce film thickness up to 40% than the sparser pattern, which resulted in lowest level of abrasive wear. The position of the square-shaped pockets comprising the inlet lubricant flow is given a beneficial effect on starvation in line contacts, helping to lubricant replenishment into the contact.
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Souza, Sheila Mendonça de. "ARQUEOLOGIA FUNERÁRIA E A FURNA DO ESTRAGO." CLIO Arqueológica 33, no. 2 (August 15, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20891/clio.v33n2p44-92.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O sítio arqueológico Furna do Estrago vem inspirando Teses, Dissertações, artigos sem que o tema tenha sido esgotado. A produção científica sobre o sítio está concentrada em abordagens do material biológico, principalmente esqueletos humanos provenientes do cemitério. Diferentes aspectos da cultura material, das estruturas funerárias e dos níveis arqueológicos proporcionariam informações a partir de novas técnicas e métodos que ajudariam a responder as questões arqueológicas remanescentes. Sítios arqueológicos funerários são especialmente ricos em interfaces bioculturais, sendo fonte quase inesgotável de investigações. Aqui revisitamos a arqueologia da Furna através da sua produção, lembrando algumas questões em aberto que poderiam ser tema de futuros estudos. FUNERARY ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE FURNA DO ESTRAGO ABSTRACTFurna do Estrago archaeological site inspired Thesis, Dissertations and papers without being exhausted. The scientific production about that site is concentrated on biological materials, specially human skeletons from its cemetery. Different aspects of the material culture in the funerary structures and other archaeological levels could provide information based on new techniques and methods helping to answer remaining archaeological questions. Funerary archaeological sites provide rich biocultural connections so they are sources of infinite questions to be investigated. In the present paper we revisit Furna do Estrago through the related scientific production, reminding some questions still opened that could be theme for future research.Keywords: Literature review; Pernambuco; funerary archaeology.
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PIROGOV, S. P., and D. A. CHERENTSOV. "SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USING THE APPLICATION SOFTWARE PACKAGE MATLAB." Periódico Tchê Química 15, no. 30 (August 20, 2018): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v15.n30.2018.560_periodico30_pgs_556_562.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The MATLAB application package accelerates the pace of learning, teaching, and research in engineering disciplines and science, helping to prepare students for a successful career in the industry because it is widely used for research and development. It has received a wide application in such industries as aerospace, automotive, communication, and industrial automation. The concept of model-oriented design is based on the modeling of high-level systems. This allows us to develop a model based on technical tasks and specifications, to design systems using simulation modeling, to automatically generate code, and also test and verify models at stages from project to implementation. Thus, teachers get the opportunity to educate students about the understanding of the system components physics, their interaction and the behavior of systems in general, and all this in a unified environment. In the paper, the main advantages, interfaces of MATLAB application programs are presented. The results of scientific research of authors using MATLAB - investigation of natural frequencies and damping parameters of gauge tubular springs in the viscous medium as well as torsional oscillations of the pump unit shafts are presented. The effect of the geometric characteristics of gauge tubular springs on the natural frequencies of oscillations and attenuation parameters is investigated. Using the MATLAB package, a technique has been developed for calculating the stresses associated with the torsion of the pumping unit shafts.
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Feng, De-Cheng, Zhun Wang, Xu-Yang Cao, and Gang Wu. "Damage mechanics-based modeling approaches for cyclic analysis of precast concrete structures: A comparative study." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 29, no. 6 (January 13, 2020): 965–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789519900783.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Precast concrete frame structures are widely adopted around the world due to their various advantages, so it is important to study their seismic performance. The development of damage mechanics has enabled us to accurately investigate the typical failure mechanisms of precast structures. This paper presents three of the most commonly used modeling approaches based on damage mechanics for analysis of precast reinforced concrete structures under cyclic loading and compares the performance of the three models. Particularly, the shear behavior of the joint panel and the bond-slip behavior of the beam–column interfaces are especially considered, which are the key issues for precast concrete structures. First, the fundamental assumptions, formulations, and modeling strategies are given in detail for each approach. Then, the unified damage mechanics for concrete is introduced, and the model for reinforcement bars and the consideration of the bond-slip effect are also presented. Several benchmark cyclic tests of precast beam-to-column connections are chosen to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the modeling approaches. The numerical results, e.g. the capacities, deformations, and energy dissipation of the connections, are compared to the experimental results to show the ability of each approach. With this study, we can gain a further understanding of the characteristics and applicability of each modeling approach, helping us make a better decision in choosing which modeling approach is appropriate.
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Huber, Linda, Casey Pierce, and Silvia Lindtner. "An Approximation of Freedom: On-demand Therapy and the Feminization of Labor." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555166.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Platform labor and gig work have become key sites for understanding a nascent "future of work" hallmarked by informalization and digitization. A growing body of research emphasizes how experiences of platform work are mediated not only by algorithms and user interfaces, but also by gender, race, local cultures as well as labor hierarchies. Drawing from ongoing ethnographic research on the digital transformation of healthcare, we show how therapists' experiences of platform labor are centrally shaped by the historical and ongoing feminization of mental health work. Platforms reinscribe feminized labor conditions that are pervasive in the healthcare industry, and yet platform labor appears as 'useful' to some therapists as they navigate a set of precarious career choices fundamentally structured by feminization. We use the analytic of the stopgap to describe platforms' two-fold reproduction of the status quo: first by offering an approximation of freedom to individual workers, helping to forestall a crisis of unsustainable work conditions; and second by reinscribing the same logics of exploitation in order to make labor scalable. This stopgap analytic reorients the focus away from the impact of the platforms technologies as such, towards the conditions that make stopgap solutions necessary for survival. It also points towards the importance of intervening in the conditions of exclusion and exploitation that help to create a market for platform stopgaps.