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Статті в журналах з теми "Heavy metals"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 28 липня 2024

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1

Laurinaitis, Domas, and Aušra Zigmontienė. "RESEARCH ANALYSIS OF VERMICOMPOST INFLUENCE ON BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN COMMON MEADOW-GRASS (POA PRATENSIS) / VERMIKOMPOSTO ĮTAKOS SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ BIOAKUMULIACIJAI PIEVINĖJE MIGLĖJE (POA PRATENSIS) TYRIMŲ ANALIZĖ." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.953.

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Анотація:
The more intensive growth of agricultural crops adding mineral fertilizers, environmental pollution make the soil degraded: reduce the fertility of soil, increase the concentration of heavy metals. Especially dangerous is a common, synergistic effect of heavy metals. Vermicompost optimizes pH, texture and organic material content – the soil indicators, which are the major contributors to migration of heavy metals in the soil and to the plants from it. In the article there is an investigation of vermicompost influence on bioaccumulation of heavy metals in common meadow-grass. After experimental research it is determined that immobilization of heavy metals was the best in soil-vermicompost substrate, prepared in a ratio 1:2. The cadmium (Cd) concentrations were lowest and the difference of HM content determined between roots and shoots was the most in biomass grown up in that mixture. In the underground part of plant the concentration equal to 11.10 mg/kg and in the part of above ground – 1.05 mg/kg. The situation of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) is analogous. This is the optimal ratio of mixture preparation. Intensyvesnis žemės ūkio kultūrų auginimas, tręšiant mineralinėmis trąšomis, aplinkos tarša nualina dirvožemį: sumažėja dirvožemio derlingumas, didėja sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos. Ypač pavojingas bendras, sinergetinis sunkiųjų metalų poveikis. Vermikompostas optimizuoja dirvožemio pH, granuliometrinę sudėtį, organinės medžiagos kiekį – rodiklius, nuo kurių labiausiai priklauso sunkiųjų metalų migracija dirvožemyje ir iš jo į augalus. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama vermikomposto įtaka sunkiųjų metalų bioakumuliacijai pievinėje miglėje. Atlikus eksperimentinį tyrimą nustatyta, kad geriausiai sunkiuosius metalus „surakino“ dirvožemio-vermikomposto substratas, paruoštas santykiu 1:2. Tame mišinyje užaugintoje biomasėje kadmio (Cd) koncentracijos buvo mažiausios, o skirtumas tarp SM kiekio nustatyto šaknyse ir ūgliuose didžiausias. Požeminėje augalo dalyje koncentracija lygi 11,10 mg/kg, o antžeminėje – 1,05 mg/kg. Švino (Pb) ir vario (Cu) atvejais situacija yra analogiška. Tai optimalus mišinio ruošimo santykis.
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2

Jena, Smaranika, and Surjendu Kumar Dey. "HEAVY METALS." American Journal of Environment Studies 1, no. 1 (April 19, 2017): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajes.247.

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Анотація:
Purpose: The study investigated on heavy metalsMethodology: The study used desktop study research design.Results: Phytoremediation has been perceived to be a more environmentally-friendly “green” and low tech alternative to more active and intrusive remedial methods.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The potential role of both free living and symbiotic soil microbes in the rhizosphere of plants growing in metal-contaminated soils in enhancing the phytoremediation process can be an important tool to support the technology. The outcome of undergoing genetic engineering investigation concerning plants applicable in phytoremediation may also lead to a better understanding of metal metabolism in plants, which can result in important contributions for the implementation of phytoremediation as a feasible soil remediation technology.
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3

Fields, Cheryl, and Jonathan Borak. "Heavy Metals." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 53, no. 5 (May 2011): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e318216d0f5.

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4

Idzelis, Raimondas Leopoldas, Vytautas Kesminas, Gintaras Svecevičius та Vaidas Misius. "ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) IN TISSUES OF PERCH (PERCA FLUVIATILIS L.) AND ROACH RUTILUS RUTILUS (L.) UNDER EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS/SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) KAUPIMASIS EŠERIO PERCA FLUVIATILIS L. IR KUOJOS RUTILUS АККУМУЛЯЦИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) В ТКАНЯХ ОКУНЯ PERCA FLUVIATILIS L. И ПЛОТВЫ RUTILLUS RUTILLUS L. В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ". JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 16, № 4 (31 грудня 2008): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-6897.2008.16.205-212.

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Анотація:
The paper analyses the effects of heavy metals on freshwater fishes. From the point of view of pollution caused by heavy metals, the condition of ecosystems in Lithuania is yet less affected by heavy metals compared to that the world over. Fishes accumulate heavy metals selectively. Fishes mostly accumulate Pb, Cr, Cd. Our experiments showed that MPC (Maximum Permitted Concentration) (0.2 mg/kg) of lead was exceeded 1.6 time in the muscles of perch, and 1.4 time ‐ in the muscles of roach. The MPC (0.05 mg/kg) of cadmium was exceeded 1.2 time in the muscles of perch and roach. It was determined that perch accumulate heavy metals more intensively than roach. Heavy metals accumulate in fishes: liver > muscle> gills. As heavy metals are considered to be one of the most harmful water pollutants, there is a great need for a constant ecological monitoring and reduction of their amounts released into the environment. According to long‐term research data, the MPC in fishes is exceeded only slightly. This confirms a good condition of aquatic ecosystems in Lithuania. Santrauka Įvertintas sunkiųjų metalų pasiskirstymas gėlavandenių žuvų audiniuose monitoringiniuose vandens telkiniuose, taip pat ir kuojų bei ešerių, paveiktų sunkiųjų metalų didžiausiomis leidžiamosiomis koncentracijomis (DLK), audiniuose. Eksperimentiniai tyrimai atlikti su Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, kurių kiekvienas pasižymi kancerogeniniu mutageniniu poveikiu. Nustatyta, kad švino DLK (0,2 mg/kg) buvo viršyta ešerių raumenyse 1,6 karto, o kuojų – 1,4 karto. Kadmio DLK (0,05 mg/kg) ešerių ir kuojų raumenyse buvo viršyta apie 1,2 karto. Taip pat nustatyta, kad ešeriai sunkiuosius metalus kaupia intensyviau nei kuojos. Eksperimentiniai duomenys sutampa su sunkiųjų metalų tyrimų monitoringiniuose vandens telkiniuose duomenimis. Žuvų audiniuose Pb ir Cd koncentracijos yra didžiausios ir dažnai viršija Lietuvos higienos normoje nurodytąją DLK. Tokie rezultatai įpareigoja nuolat kontroliuoti sunkiųjų metalų kiekį žuvyse. Rezultatai pateikiami sunkiųjų metalų sklaidos pasiskirstymo grafikuose. Резюме Представлены данные по распределению тяжелых металлов в тканях пресноводных рыб в мониторинговых водоемах, а также результаты, полученные путем воздействия тяжелых металлов в предельно допустимых концентрациях (ПДК) на окуня и плотву. В экспериментальных исследованиях применялись металлы Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, оказывающие на живые организмы воздействие мутагенного и канцерогенного характера. Установлено, что концентрация Cd в тканях окуня превышала ПДК (0,2 мг/кг) в 1,6 раза, а в тканях плотвы – в 1,4 раза. Концентрация Cd в тканях тех же рыб превышала ПДК (0,05 мг/кг) примерно в 1,2 раза. Также установлено, что окунь аккумулирует тяжелые металлы интенсивнее плотвы. Экспериментальные данные совпадают с данными, полученными в мониторинговых водоемах. Установлено также, что концентрация Pb и Cd в тканях рыб зачастую превышает ПДК. Полученные результаты обязывают постоянно контролировать уровень тяжелых металлов в тканях рыб.
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5

Birgėlaitė, Rūta, Vaidotas Valskys, and Gytautas Ignatavičius. "USE OF SAPROPEL FOR REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM SOLUTION / SILICINIO SAPROPELIO NAUDOJIMAS SUNKIESIEMS METALAMS ŠALINTI IŠ TIRPALO." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.946.

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Анотація:
Abundant resources, natural and organic material – sapropel containing a multitude of different chemical elements has a great potential to be used in different areas, but for now these rich resources are not widely used because of different chemical composition of sapropel research is very few. The article deals with silicon sapropel as a sorbent is able to absorb heavy metals from the solution depending on the time and the concentration of heavy metals in the solution. The sorption studies of heavy metal concentrations were measured in dry sapropel sample using Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 series of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XPS). Also, the heavy metal concentrations in solution were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer AAnalyst 200 (AAS). Get sapropel sorption capacity results are analyzed through absorption capacity curves and Matala ion removal efficiency curves. Also, comparing the results with the initial concentration of heavy metals sapropel and foreign authors used sorbent properties. After thorough research sapropel sorption capacity can be added to the knowledge of sapropel properties utilization. Gausūs natūralios organinės medžiagos – sapropelio, kurio sudėtyje yra daug įvairių cheminių elementų, – ištekliai turi didelį potencialą būti panaudoti įvairiose srityse. Šiuo metu šie gausūs ištekliai nėra plačiai naudojami, nes atlikta labai nedaug sapropelio įvairios cheminės sudėties tyrimų. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama silicinio sapropelio kaip sorbento geba sorbuoti sunkiuosius metalus iš tirpalo, priklausomai nuo laiko ir sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos tirpale. Atlikus sorbcijos tyrimus, sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos sausame sapropelio mėginyje, naudojant Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 serijos rentgeno spindulių fluorescencinį spektrometrą (RFS). Taip pat sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos tirpale naudojant atominės absorbcijos spektrometrą AAnalyst 200 (AAS). AAS tyrimus atliko atestuota UAB „Vilniaus vandenys“ geriamojo vandens laboratorija. Gauti sapropelio sorbcinės talpos tyrimų rezultatai analizuojami sudarant adsorbcinės talpos kreives bei metalo jonų pašalinimo efektyvumo kreives. Taip pat rezultatai buvo palyginti su pradine sunkiųjų metalų koncentracija sapropelyje ir užsienio autorių naudotų sorbentų sorbcinėmis savybėmis. Atlikus tyrimus gautas 97,4 % sorbento-sapropelio pašalinimo efektyvumas sorbuojant šviną ir 97,24 % sorbuojant cinką. Tyrimų rezultatų paklaida patikrinta lyginant išmatuotą sorbento talpą su apskaičiuotąja. Švino adsorbcinės talpos paklaida siekia 4–9 mg/kg, o cinko 1–14 mg/kg.
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6

Liekytė, Aistė, Raimondas Leopoldas Idzelis, and Nijolė Kazlauskienė. "RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS AND THEIR BINARY MIXTURE ON THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF FISH LARVAE / SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ IR JŲ BINARINIO MIŠINIO POVEIKIO ŽUVŲ KARDIORESPIRACINEI SISTEMAI ANKSTYVOJOJE ONTOGENEZĖJE TYRIMAI." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, no. 5 (December 19, 2011): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.083.

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This article investigates toxic effects of heavy metals (Ni, Cu) and their binary mixture (Ni+Cu) on the cardio-respiratory system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae depending on the type of metal, metal concentration and the duration of their exposure. The one-day larvae of rainbow trout were exposed to Ni (0,1; 0,2 mg/l, respectively), Cu (0,25; 0;5 mg/l, respectively) and their binary mixture. During long-term exposure (30 days), the physiological parameters of larvae, e.g. heart rate (counts/min), gill ventilation frequency (counts/min) after 5, 10 and 20 days of exposure were recorded. During experimental studies, the effects of heavy metals and their binary mixture on the heart rate and gill ventilation frequency of rainbow trout larvae depending on the type of metal, their concentrations and exposure duration were determined. Consequently, comparative studies on toxic effects of heavy metals and their binary mixture on the cardio-respiratory system of rainbow trout larvae showed that the binary mixture was more toxic to larvae than to single metals. Santrauka Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjamas sunkiųjų metalų (Ni, Cu) ir jų binarinio mišinio (Ni + Cu) toksinis poveikis vaivorykštinio upėtakio (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lervų kardiorespiracinei sistemai, priklausomai nuo veikiamo metalo rūšies, metalų koncentracijos ir ekspozicijos trukmės. Vaivorykštinio upėtakio vienadienės lervos buvo veikiamos Ni (0,1; 0,2 mg/l), Cu (0,25; 0,5 mg/l) ir jų binariniu mišiniu. Ilgalaikio tyrimo metu (30 parų) buvo registruojami lervų fiziologiniai rodikliai – širdies ir kvėpavimo dažniai (krt./min.) po 5, 10 ir 20 parų ekspozicijos. Atlikus eksperimentinius tyrimus, nustatytas sunkiųjų metalų ir jų binarinio mišinio poveikis vaivorykštinio upėtakio lervų širdies ir kvėpavimo dažniams, priklausomai nuo veikiamo metalo rūšies, koncentracijos ir ekspozicijos trukmės. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad atskirų sunkiųjų metalų (Ni, Cu) poveikis lervų kardiorespiracinei sistemai silpnesnis, nei veikiant metalų binariniu mišiniu.
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7

Yadav, Abhinav Parkash. "Heavy Metal Pollution In Environment And Their Toxicological Effect On Plants And Living Organisms." Humanities and Development 18, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.61410/had.v18i1.133.

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Анотація:
Heavy metals normally occur in nature and are essential to life but can become toxic through accumulation in plants and living organisms. Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and mercury are the most common heavy metals which can pollute the our environment. Most of the heavy metals causes environmental and atmospheric pollution, and may be lethal to plant. Heavy metal’s can become strongly toxic by mixing with different environmental elements, such as water, soil, and air plants and other living organisms can be uptake to them through the food chain.
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8

Khalil, Kashif Ur Rehman, Naheed Mehsood, Muhammad Saleh Faisal, and Baber Awan. "HEAVY METALS TOXICITY:." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 09 (September 8, 2017): 1431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.09.885.

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Анотація:
Objectives: To estimate the concentration of heavy metals (Lead, cadmium,Chromium and copper) in branded and non-branded (local) snacks in the markets of Peshawar,Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study. Setting:District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Period: 6 months; from December 2016 toApril 2017. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 different samples of potato and corn snackswere selected from four towns of district Peshawar by convenient sampling technique. Allsamples were subjected to wet digestion using acid digestion technique and Lead, Cadmium,Chromium and copper were quantitatively detected, using Atomic Absorption spectrometer inthe Public Health laboratory Khyber Medical College Peshawar. Results: Mean concentrationof Lead, cadmium, chromium and copper in potato based branded snacks were in the rangeof 0.085-0.423mg/kg, 0.003-0.046 mg/kg, 2.186-2.328 mg/kg and 0.008-0.108 mg/kg andconcentration of heavy metals in corn based branded snacks were in range of 0.240-0.351mg/kg, 0.007-0.012mg/kg, 2.254-2.179 mg/kg, 0.030-0.082 mg/kg respectively. While meanconcentration of Lead, cadmium, chromium and copper in non-branded (local) snacks were0.057-0.324 mg/kg, 0.005-0.012 mg/kg, 2.137-2.247 mg/kg and 0.018-0.06 mg/kg respectively.Conclusion: Lead and chromium were exceeding in majority samples of branded and localsnacks. Particular concern was of chromium, which was exceeding far beyond the allowedlimits in all samples.
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9

Ott, H. R. "Heavy-Electron Metals." Annual Review of Materials Science 17, no. 1 (August 1987): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.17.080187.000305.

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10

Steglich, F. "Heavy Fermion Metals." Physica Scripta T29 (January 1, 1989): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1989/t29/002.

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11

Fisk, Z., H. R. Ott, T. M. Rice, and J. L. Smith. "Heavy-electron metals." Nature 320, no. 6058 (March 1986): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/320124a0.

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12

Geng, Nan, Yinfeng Xia, Dongfeng Li, Fuqing Bai, and Cundong Xu. "Migration and Transformation of Heavy Metal and Its Fate in Intertidal Sediments: A Review." Processes 12, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12020311.

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Анотація:
Intertidal sediments are rich in biological resources, which are important for material circulation and energy exchange. Meanwhile, these areas can be treated as sinks as well as sources of coastal heavy metal pollutants. Due to the influence of the tide, the intertidal sediments are in a state of periodic flooding and exposure, and environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen, salinity and overlying water pressure are changeable. Heavy metals in sediments are prone to migration and transformation with the dynamic effects of tidal water and the changes in the environment factors, which increase the bioavailability of heavy metals. In this review, the characteristics of distribution and the bioavailability of heavy metals in intertidal sediments are described; the migration and transformation behavior of heavy metals and its influencing factors under tidal conditions are analyzed; and the mechanisms of heavy metal’s migration and transformation in the intertidal zone are summarized. Moreover, the bioaccumulation of heavy metal by organisms and the remediation techniques are discussed. Therefore, this review systematically summarizes the states of existence, the transport mechanisms, and the fate of heavy metals in the intertidal sediment, fills in the research gap of the cycling of heavy metal in the intertidal zone, and provides a theoretical basis for the control of heavy metal pollution.
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13

Pečkytė, Julija, and Edita Baltrėnaitė. "ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS LEACHING FROM (BIO)CHAR OBTAINED FROM INDUSTRIAL SEWAGE SLUDGE / IŠ GAMYBINIO NUOTEKŲ DUMBLO PAGAMINTOS BIOANGLIES SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ IŠPLOVIMO ĮVERTINIMAS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 7, no. 4 (September 29, 2015): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2015.811.

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Biochar can be produced from many various feedstock including biomass residues such as straw, branches, sawdust and other agricultural and forestry waste. One of the alternatives is to obtain biochar from industrial sewage sludge, however, the use of such a product could be limited due to high quantities of heavy metals in the biochar as a product. Total concentration of heavy metals provides only limited information on the behavior of heavy metals, therefore, batch leaching and up-flow percolation leaching tests were applied to study the leaching of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu) from (bio)char produced from two types of sewage sludge: from paper mill and leather industries. Bioanglis gali būti gaminama iš daugelio įvairių pramonės žaliavų, įskaitant biomasės liekanas, pavyzdžiui, šiaudus, šakas, pjuvenas ir kitas žemės ūkio ir miškininkystės atliekas. Viena iš alternatyvų – bioanglį gaminti iš pramonės nuotekų dumblo, tačiau tokį produktą galima naudoti ribotai dėl jame esančio didelio sunkiųjų metalų kiekio. Iš bendrosios sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos tyrimų galima tik ribotai spręsti apie sunkiųjų metalų pasiskirstymą, todėl buvo taikomi du tyrimai: tyrimas, perkoliuojant atliekas vienakrypte srove, bei dvipakopis partijos (tyrinio) tyrimas siekiant išanalizuoti sunkiųjų metalų (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu) išplovimą iš bioanglies, pagamintos iš dviejų rūšių nuotekų dumblo: popieriaus gamybos ir odos pramonės.
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14

Rajfur, Małgorzata. "Algae - Heavy Metals Biosorbent / Glony - Biosorbent Metali Ciężkich." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2013-0002.

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Abstract The publication is a synthetic collection of information on the sorption properties of marine and freshwater algae. Kinetics and sorption equilibrium of heavy metals in algae-solution system, influence of abiotic factors on the process of sorption and desorption of analytes from biomass are discussed. In paper the results of laboratory tests conducted using different species and types of algae, which purpose was to assess their usefulness as natural sorbents, are described. The conclusions drawn from current research confirm the results from literature.
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15

Alafifi, Merieme, Latifa Mouhir, Laila Saafadi, Mohammed Fakhaoui, and Mouncif Khazraji. "Heavy Metals in Dentistery, Risks and Impacts." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 11-SPECIAL ISSUE (November 20, 2019): 1019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11sp11/20193131.

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16

Zhang, Nan, Pu Liu, Ben Quan Fu, and Li Na Wang. "Preparation of Nanometer Titanium Dioxide Adsorbent and its Application in Industrial Wastewater Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 573-574 (October 2012): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.521.

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In this paper, nanometer titanium dioxide was synthesized by a simple reaction. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by surface area and porosimetry analyzer and it was used for the removal of heave metals in industrial wastewater. The main parameters affecting the adsorption of heavy metals including pH, adsorption condition and elution condition have been investigated in detail. Under the optimized operating conditions, most of the target heavy metals could be fast removed. The adsorbent could be simply regenerated by hydrochloric acid. Thus, the prepared nanometer titanium dioxide was an adsorbent which is suitable for the removal of heavy metals in industrial wastewater.
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17

Pridhvi Krishna, Gaddey, and Raja Sundararajan. "A REVIEW ON MULTI-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SAMPLES BY ICP-OES." YMER Digital 21, no. 06 (June 16, 2022): 461–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.06/45.

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Heavy metals over acceptable limits established by the world health organization can source complications to human beings and animal life in the environment. Several analytical approaches have been established to screen the air, water, food quality by tracing different heavy metal ions in samples. The review work begins with the introduction of pharmaceutical analysis, including metal's effect on the body and various instruments used in the heavy metal determination. The potential of ICP-OES to sense heavy metal ions was discussed. This review article provides an impression of the metals present in the environment and their detection through ICP-OES. In addition, recapitulates the body of work on heavy metal determination in the previous years using ICP-OES. The strengths and limitations of ICPOES have also been conversed. The review illustrates that ICP-OES has great prospective in heavy metal ion determination. Keywords: ICP-OES, Heavy elements, Multi-element determination, Plasma, Metals
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18

Muchkina, E. Ya, S. E. Badmaeva, I. S. Korotchenko, and K. S. Gorlushkina. "Assessment of Heavy Metals Distribution in Soil Cover of Industry-Urban Area of Krasnoyarsk." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 4 (April 24, 2020): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-4-66-71.

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The results of analysis of heave metals concentration in soil and subsoil of large urbanized area are presented. The dates of observation from 2014 to 2016 are presented. The 108 soil samples from 12 monitoring areas were analyzed. The distribution of mobile forms of heavy metals in the soil cover within Krasnoyarsk city are considered. The rate of soil pollution was studied. It was discovered soil pollution with Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cd, Co exceeds maximum acceptable concentration (MAC). Geochemical associations of heavy metals for functional specialization areas were established. The indices of accumulation of heavy metals can be used to the monitoring to urban territories.
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19

Ingrid Gerhard Bondo Monga Andreas. "HEAVY METALS AND FERTILITY." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 54, no. 8 (August 15, 1998): 593–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/009841098158638.

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20

Bigazzi, Pierluigi E. "Autoimmunity and Heavy Metals." Lupus 3, no. 6 (December 1994): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096120339400300604.

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21

HONDA, YUTAKA. "Adsorbent for Heavy Metals." Sen'i Gakkaishi 44, no. 9 (1988): P346—P347. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.44.9_p346.

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22

Foligné, B. "PROBIOTICS AND HEAVY METALS." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition 63, no. 1S (July 2016): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000489600.66300.4a.

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23

Volesky, B., and Z. R. Holan. "Biosorption of heavy metals." Biotechnology Progress 11, no. 3 (May 1995): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp00033a001.

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24

Stoeppler, Markus. "Heavy metals in soils." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 15, no. 2 (February 1996): VIII—IX. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-9936(96)90032-1.

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25

Gray, J. L. "Letters. Heavy Metals Removed." Environmental Science & Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1987): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00156a604.

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26

Verma, Neelam, and Minni Singh. "Biosensors for heavy metals." BioMetals 18, no. 2 (April 2005): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10534-004-5787-3.

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27

Baker, A. J. M. "Heavy metals in soils." Environmental Pollution 90, no. 2 (1995): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(95)90014-4.

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28

Worsfold, Paul J. "Heavy metals in soils." Analytica Chimica Acta 309, no. 1-3 (June 1995): 408–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(95)90347-x.

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29

Wong, P. K. "Mutagenicity of heavy metals." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 40, no. 4 (April 1988): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01688386.

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30

Mansouri Moghadam, Sara, Khoshnaz Payandeh, Azita Kooshafar, and Mohieddin Goosheh. "Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Wheat Farms in the Northern Regions of Ahvaz." Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jaehr.10.4.1263.

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Background: Wheat as one of the agricultural products cultivated in many parts of the world is an essential component of our diet in the world. This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals in wheat farms in the north of Ahvaz. Methods: This research was conducted in two areas of Weiss and Arab Assad located in the north of Ahvaz City. Twelve samples of wheat plants in each area were randomly selected from all the farms during harvesting. Chemical digestion was performed by a wet method, and heavy metals were measured by ICP model Varian 710-ES. Results: The highest volume of heavy metals in Weiss and Arab Assad regions were 58.17 and 58.42 mg/Kg, respectively. Among the heavy metals, the lowest concentration was related to chromium which was equal to 1.07 and 1.14 mg/Kg in Weiss and Arab Assad farms, respectively. The highest hazard quotient (HQ) of heavy metals in children was related to manganese metal (13.51). The lowest value of heavy metal’s HQ in the people was obtained in cobalt (0.21). Conclusion: According to the results, because of the manganese metal, it seems that wheat consumption is dangerous for health in different age groups. In general, the results of health risk assessment of heavy metal in wheat showed that the consumption of this product can have an acute adverse impact on human health.
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31

Nguyen, Ha N. "Accumulation of heavy metals in ducks exposed to heavy metals-contaminated water." Journal of Agriculture and Development 20, no. 04 (August 29, 2021): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52997/jad.4.04.2021.

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The objective of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HM) (Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb and Cd) in 15 tissues (brain, breast muscle, sternum, thigh muscle, femur, blood, heart, lung, gizzard, liver, intestine, spleen, pancreas, bile and kidney) of domestic ducks exposed to HM-contaminated water with levels equal to values specified in the column B of QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT. The experiment was a completely randomized design with two treatments: without exposure to HM (CT) and with exposure to HM (ET). Each treatment was replicated 3 times. Ducks were randomly allocated to the treatments with a stocking density of 10 ducks per cage and reared for 8 weeks. The results showed that concentrations of HM, particularly toxic metals such as Hg, Pb and Cd, in all tissues of duck in the CT were lower than those in the ET. The highest levels of HM in tissues were found in the liver and kidney. In the ET, Pb levels in kidney and bone and Cd levels in liver and kidney exceeded the permissible exposure limit according to the guidance of the Ministry of Health of Vietnam and the European Commission. This study demonstrated that the accumulation of HM in duck tissues could happen even though ducks were exposed to relatively low concentrations of HM in water. Thus, further investigation on the bioaccumulation of HM in farmed ducks as well as wild water-birds should be conducted in the near future.
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32

Apriliyani, E., M. Arinawati, S. S. Nisa, S. U. Muzayanha, and T. Paramitha. "Li-ion Batteries Waste Processing and Utilization Progress: A Review." Energy Storage Technology and Applications 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/esta.v1i1.56801.

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Li ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used as energy storage for electronic devices and electric vehicles. Due to its limited lifetime, its disposal can cause a serious environmental problem. Heavy metals are highly toxic and require serious handling. Moreover, the some of the heave metals are considered valuable to be directly discarded. In this review, LIBs waste processing techniques were discussed. The cathode material which contain high amount of heavy metals can be processed using metallurgical approach, such as: pyro-metallurgy, hydro-metallurgy and bio-metallurgy which have their own advances and disadvantages. The recovery of heavy metals can be performed by bottom-up process such as chemical precipitation, hydrothermal, and sol-gel process. In the end, the recovered valuable metals can be used as precursor to Li-ion batteries materials, thus reducing the exploitation of metals through mining process and reducing hazardous waste.
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33

Yusoff, Abdul Hafidz, Rosmawani Mohammad, Mardawani Mohamad, Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman, Nurul Akmar Che Zaudin, Nursyahida Rosmadi, Fakihin Aqsa, Mahani Yusoff, and Pao Ter Teo. "Potential of Agricultural Waste Material (Ananas cosmos) as Biosorbent for Heavy Metal Removal in Polluted Water." Materials Science Forum 1010 (September 2020): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1010.489.

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Conventional methods to remove heavy metals from polluted water are expensive and not environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the potential of agricultural waste such as pineapple peel (Ananas Cosmos) as low-cost absorbent to remove heavy metals from synthetic polluted water. The results showed that Cd, Cr and Pb were effectively removed by the biosorbent at 12g of pineapple peels in 100 mL solution. The optimum contact time for maximum adsorption was found to be 90 minutes, while the optimum pH for the heavy metal’s adsorption was 9. It was demonstrated that with the increase of adsorbent dosage, the percent of heavy metals removal was also increased due to the increasing adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. In addition, Langmuir model show maximum adsorption capacity of Cd is 1.91 mg/g. As conclusions, our findings show that pineapple peel has potential to remove heavy metal from polluted water.
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34

Dmytrukha, N. M., K. P. Kozlov, and O. V. Herasimova. "Soil contamination with heavy metals: a hygienic concern." Ukrainian Journal of Occupational Health 2024, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2024.01.066.

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35

Jibrin, M., A. Abdulhameed, A. J. Nayaya, and A. G. Ezra. "Health Risk Effect of Heavy Metals from Pesticides in Vegetables and Soils: A Review." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 7, no. 3b (January 6, 2022): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v7i3b.3.

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Vegetables are vital to the human diet, and in particular provide the well-known nutrients to maintain normal physiological functions. The prolonged application of large amount of pesticides has resulted in heavy metal accumulation in vegetable farms. Exposure to heavy metals by the consumption of contaminated vegetables and its toxicity is a serious concern. This article reviews the effect of pesticides, heavy metals, heavy metals in vegetables, heavy metals in soil and transfer of heavy metals from soil to plants. However, a limited number of studies were found in the data base that examined the reduction of nutrients in vegetables due to heavy metal contamination. The heavy metals were found in leafy and fruit vegetables in different regions of the world and levels were above permissible limits in most of the vegetables. Specific study to human toxicity due to the contamination of heavy metals may be conducted. Furthermore, strategy and policy should be devised to control the heavy metals in vegetables, and those vegetables that are hyper-accumulators of heavy metals should be identified for awareness purposes. Keywords: Vegetables, Heavy metals, Permissible limit, Toxicity, Contamination and Hyper-accumulators
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36

Mahurpawar, Manju. "EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON HUMAN HEALTHEFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON HUMAN HEALTH." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3282.

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Some heavy metals have bio-importance as trace elements but the biotoxic effects of many of them in human biochemistry are of great concern. Hence, there is a need for proper understanding of mechanism involved, such as the concentrations and oxidation states, which make them harmful. It is also important to know their sources, leaching processes, chemical conversions and their modes of deposition in polluting the environment, which essentially supports life. Literature sources point to the fact that these metals are released into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic means, especially mining and industrial activities, and automobile exhausts. They leach into the underground waters, moving along water pathways and eventually depositing in the aquifer, or are washed away by run-off into surface waters thereby resulting in water and subsequently soil pollution. Poisoning and toxicity in ecosystem occur frequently through exchange and co-ordination mechanisms. When ingested, they form stable biotoxic compounds, thereby mutilating their structures and hindering bioreactions of their functions. This paper reviews certain heavy metals and their impact and biotoxic effects on man.
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37

Yang, Qing Song, and Yan Zhao. "Concentrations and Pollution Assessment of Six Heavy Metals in Quercus aquifolioides Forest Soils." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.184.

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Concentrations characteristics of six heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Cd, Mn, Zn, Pb) in 7 soil sample from different loactions ofQuercus aquifolioidesfrest were investigated. The concentrations and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the soils was assessed when compared to the background values of heavy metals in three different soils, i.e. total, yellow-brown and yellow soils in China. The average concentration of heavy metals inQuercus aquifolioidessoils was in the order Mn>Cr>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd, while the average concentrations of all examined heavy metals were lower than those in the Environmental Quality Standard for Soil (grade I) in China. In all examined heavy metals, Mn (474.7mg/kg) had the highest average concentration and Cd (0.039mg/kg) had the lowest one, with variation coefficients ranged 33-87% for the six heavy metals. Correlation analyses showed that the three heavy metals (Cu, Mn and Pb) probably came from the same resources, and so did of Cr and Pb. Comprehensive pollution indices (0.57-1.71) indicated theQuercus aquifolioidessoils were slightly polluted by the six heavy metals and ecological risk indices (8.42-51.0) also show the situation of heavy metals was in the slight level in the soils. Among the examined heavy metals, Cu and Cr were two main heavy metals who making pollution and potential ecological risk to the soils.
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38

Zainudin, Zainudin, and Roro Kesumaningwati. "PENGARUH ECO ENZYME TERHADAP KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA." ZIRAA'AH MAJALAH ILMIAH PERTANIAN 47, no. 2 (June 20, 2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/zmip.v47i2.6551.

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Heavy metals are metallic elements with high molecular weight. Heavy metals are classified as essential and non-essential. Essential heavy metals are needed in small amounts, such as Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn, while non-essential heavy metals are heavy metals that are not needed by living organisms such as Cd, Pb, Ag, Hg, and Cr. Heavy metal management aims to reduce the negative impact of soil contamination due to heavy metals. One of the heavy metals management is using organic materials. Eco enzymes are the result of fermentation of organic materials that are rich in microorganisms. Microorganisms are very important to help the decomposition process, transport nutrients, and degrade soil pollutants including heavy metals. This research aims to determine the effect of Eco Enzyme metal on the heavy content in the ex-coal mining soil. The study showed that the administration of eco-enzyme solutions with concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% gave the results of the analysis of heavy metals As, Pb, Hg, and Cd which were not much different, but the heavy metal content was in the normal range so that no harm to the soil.
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39

Atabayeva, Saule, Saule Kenzhebayeva, Ravilya Alybayeva, Saltanatm Аsrandina, and Sabina Shoinbekova. "Phytomanagement: perspectives of using of phytoremediation technology in Kazakhstan." E3S Web of Conferences 159 (2020): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015901003.

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The content of heavy metals around the metallurgical plants of East Kazakhstan in the soil and plants growing around these plants was studied. It was determined the concentration of heavy metals in soils, plant organs, it was calculated bioconcentration factor and the level of extraction of heavy metals by sunflower and lawn grasses. The study of sunflower plants and lawn grasses showed that the studied species accumulated a significant amount of heavy metals mainly in the roots. Sunflower plants and lawn grasses had high accumulation activity and accumulated a significant amount of heavy metals in their organs. Determination of the content of heavy metals in the soil showed a significant removal of heavy metals from the soil, which indicates a high degree of phytoextraction of heavy metals by the studied plant species.
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40

Wang, Juan, Xuejing Wang, Guoxue Li, Jingtao Ding, Yujun Shen, Di Liu, Hongsheng Cheng, Ying Zhang, and Ran Li. "Speciation Analysis Method of Heavy Metals in Organic Fertilizers: A Review." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 14, 2022): 16789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416789.

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Анотація:
Heavy metals in organic fertilizers pose a risk to the agricultural ecosystem. The environmental risk of heavy metals depends not only on the total amount but also on the speciation. Hence, more information on heavy metals speciation in organic fertilizers is needed to avoid adverse effect. At present, the speciation information of heavy metals is usually obtained by the single-extraction method and sequential extraction method. Common heavy metals that have received attention include Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and As. There is a lack of reviews on speciation analysis methods for heavy metals, specifically in organic fertilizers. This work aims to comprehensively review the methods, explore the problems of the sequence extraction procedure and summarize the factors affecting the distribution of heavy metals speciation. Each sequence extraction procedure of heavy metals in organic fertilizers is described in detail, and the affecting factors are proposed. The review could contribute proposing the directions of optimizing the sequence extraction procedure of heavy metals in organic fertilizers in the future.
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41

Jadon, Pradeep Kumar, and Sudeshana Yadav. "Toxicity of Heavy Metals to the Human Health and Environment." Journal of Ultra Chemistry 18, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22147/juc/180401.

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Анотація:
Almost each heavy metal is serious toxicants as carcinogens. Heavy metals are kept under environmental pollutant category due to their toxic effects in plants, human and food. These are heavy metals persistence, accumulate and not metabolized in other intermediate compounds and do not easily breakdown in environment. Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements, and are present in varying concentrations in all ecosystems. Some of the heavy metals i.e. Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg) are accumulative poison. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) are category 1 heavy metals according to the International agency for Research on Cancer. There is the large of number of heavy metals. Total metals have caused major human health problems in various parts of the world. The term “heavy metal” is connected in many people’s minds to metals that are toxic. There is a relationship between the chronic diseases and geologic environment. Geochemical environment is indeed a significant factor in the serious health problems. These metals have been extensively studied and their effects on human health regularly reviewed by international bodies such as the WHO. This reviews paper definite heavy metals and their toxicity and effects on human health.
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42

Aljar, Mona A. Aziz, Suad Rashdan, Abdulla Almutawah, and Ahmed Abd El-Fattah. "Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Chitosan/Cellulose Hydrogel Beads for Efficient Removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Co(II) from Water." Gels 9, no. 4 (April 13, 2023): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9040328.

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Анотація:
Globally, water contamination by heavy metals is a serious problem that affects the environment and human health. Adsorption is the most efficient way of water treatment for eliminating heavy metals. Various hydrogels have been prepared and used as adsorbents to remove heavy metals. By taking advantage of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS), cellulose (CE), and the process for physical crosslinking, we propose a simple method to prepare a PVA-CS/CE composite hydrogel adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) from water. Structural analyses of the adsorbent were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). PVA-CS/CE hydrogel beads had a good spherical shape together with a robust structure and suitable functional groups for the adsorption of heavy metals. The effects of adsorption parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of metal ions, and temperature on the adsorption capacity of PVA-CS/CE adsorbent were studied. The adsorption characteristics of PVA-CS/CE for heavy metals may be completely explained by pseudo-second-order adsorption and the Langmuir adsorption model. The removal efficiency of PVA-CS/CE adsorbent for Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Co(II) was 99, 95, 92, and 84%, respectively, within 60 min. The heavy metal’s hydrated ionic radius may be crucial in determining the adsorption preference. After five consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal efficiency remained over 80%. As a result, the outstanding adsorption-desorption properties of PVA-CS/CE can potentially be extended to industrial wastewater for heavy metal ion removal.
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43

Le, Huu Quang, Dung Duc Tran, Yi Ching Chen, Au Hai Nguyen, and Lan Huong Nguyen. "A Combination of Dracaena fragrans and Trichoderma fungus in Removing Heavy Metals Contamination from Agricultural Soils." Key Engineering Materials 873 (January 2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.873.19.

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Анотація:
Environmental pollution due to heavy metals is a matter of great concern to many scientists and managers worldwide. The threats to human health from heavy metals are primarily associated with the exposure in agriculture production activities. However, a considerable number of technological methods have been used to remove the heavy metals from polluted soils. One of the simplest measures to effectively remove heavy metal contamination is to use both plants and microorganisms, which have been considered "natural materials" or "Bio-Materials" to treat pollutants. This study was conducted on assessing the ability of Trichoderma to absorb heavy metals into the plant. Phytoremediation experiments with Trichoderma were used to remove heavy metals in the soil. Our findings showed that Dracaena Fragrans plants are capable of absorbing heavy metals Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil contaminated with experimental heavy metals.
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44

Grafkina, M. V., A. V. Pitryuk, and E. V. Goryacheva. "Soil pollution by heavy metals." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1229, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1229/1/012005.

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Анотація:
Abstract An increase in the content of heavy metals in soils is an environmental threat to agriculture, as it is associated with the accumulation of toxicants in plants, which negatively affects the quality of crop production and poses a danger to human health. Each region has its own specifics, expressed by the types of pollution and trends in their changes. The article presents data on the analysis and evaluation of the categories of Primorsky Krai lands for their intended purpose, the problem of soil pollution with heavy metals is considered. On the basis of open data, the levels of soil pollution by territorial formations were determined, the main sources of heavy metal pollution were identified, unsatisfactory soil samples that did not meet hygienic standards for the content of heavy metals for ten years were analyzed, and the trend of their change was revealed. The main types of pollution, the boundaries of the spread of pollution and the differences in the presence of heavy metals such as lead, copper, nickel, zinc and manganese in the soils of territorial formations of the region are revealed. Recommendations are formulated to reduce the technogenic negative impact of industry, which will reduce the content of heavy metals in soils. Proposals have also been made to improve the monitoring system for the content of heavy metals in the soil to obtain more complete information.
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45

Taraczközi, Kamilla. "Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 10 (May 11, 2003): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/10/3471.

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Анотація:
The soil constitutes the basis of the food chain. To keep soil conditions in a good trim is very important, it’s part of the sustainable development and of producing food supply harmless to health.In some cases, soil productivity is the only important part, qualitative requirements or economical characteristics can improve it. The soil is threatened by two danger factors: the soil degradation and the soil pollution. The accumulation of different harmful and/or toxic substances in the soil is well known. Heavy metals constitute a part of it. Metals in the soil and in the soil-solution are balanced. This balance depends on the type of the metal, on the pH, on the cation-band capacity of the soil, on the redox relations and the concentration of cations in the soil.To be able to handle the metal contamination of the soil, it is important to estimate the form, the possible extension and the concentration of metals.Of course, the different types of soils have different physical-chemical, biological and buffer capacity, they can moderate or reinforce the harmful effects of heavy metals. To draw general conclusion of the dispersion and quantitative relations on the metals originated from different contamination sources is hard, because in some emissive sources contamination is limited in small areas but on a high level, some others usually expand on larger areas, and as a result of equal dispersion, the contamination’s level is lower.Heavy metals – unlike alkali ions – strongly bond to organic materials, or infiltrate in a kelát form. Their outstanding characteristic is the tendency to create metal-complex forms. Kelats take part in the uptaking and transportation of heavy metals. Heavy metals exert their effects mostly as enzyme-activators.The metals cannot degrade in an organic way, they accumulate in living organisms, and they can form toxic compounds through biochemical reactions.Lot of the heavy metals accumulate on the boundaries of the abiotic systems (air/soil, water/sediment), when physical or chemical parameters change, and this influences their remobilization.Human activity plays a great part in heavy metal mobilization, results in the human origin of most biochemical process of metals.To understand the toxic influence of accumulated metals of high concentration, their transportation from soils to plants or their damage in human health, must clearly defined and investigated.For effective protection against soil pollution, the types and levels of harmful pollution to soil must identified, regarding legal, technical and soil-science aspects, preferable in a single way. Difficulties in this area mean that toxicity depends on loading, uptake, soil characteristics and living organisms (species, age, condition etc.), furthermore, local and economic conditions considerably differ.
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46

Wan, Chuanjie, Fuping Xiong, and Kai Zhang. "Study on Detection Methods of Heavy Metals in Human Blood and Urine." Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture 1, no. 2 (June 2024): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jlsa.202407204.

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Анотація:
In this paper, the detection methods of heavy metals in human blood and urine were studied in detail. Firstly, we discussed the harm of heavy metal pollution, including its negative impact on human health, ecological environment and biodiversity. Heavy metal pollution may not only lead to various diseases, but also may cause damage to ecosystems and biodiversity. Next, we looked at the sources of heavy metals in human blood and urine. These heavy metals can enter the body through environmental exposure, food intake and biological transformation. For example, long-term exposure to polluted environments, or ingestion of food and water containing heavy metals, can cause heavy metals to accumulate in the human body. In addition, biotransformation may also convert some heavy metals from ingestion outside the body to accumulation in the body. Therefore, testing the amount of heavy metals in human blood and urine is of great significance for assessing health risks and environmental pollution.
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47

Tiwari, Ritu, and Gaurav Sanjay Mahalpure. "Big challenge in health impact of heavy metal: A case study." Advances in General Practice of Medicine 5, no. 1 (July 16, 2024): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/agpm.2023.01.004.

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Анотація:
Herbal medicines are potential sources of therapeutic aids for human beings. WHO estimates that 80% of the world’s population depends on herbal products as their primary form of health care. Herbal plants are widely used nowadays because they have few side effects, are readily available, and are cost-effective. Herbal plants are easily contaminated by absorbing heavy metals from soil, air and water. The primary health concerns of heavy metals are Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead and Mercury. Heavy metal causes countless health-related issues, such as kidney and liver damage, skin cancer, etc. So, the estimation of heavy metals is fundamental. Modern techniques estimate heavy metals in herbal plants such as AAS, ICP-MS, ICP-AES and ICP-OES. This review article mainly contains general information about heavy metals, the health impact of heavy metals on the human body, case studies regarding heavy metal toxicity on human health and analytical techniques used to estimate heavy metals.
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48

Zigmontienė, Aušra, and Indrė Liberytė. "CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS (CR, CD, NI) DURING THE VERMICOMPOSTING PROCESS OF SEWAGE SLUDGE / SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ (CR, CD, NI) KONCENTRACIJŲ KAITA NUOTEKŲ DUMBLO VERMIKOMPOSTAVIMO PROCESO METU." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 6, no. 4 (October 24, 2014): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2014.49.

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Анотація:
Sewage sludge treatment and utilization is an important issue for a biodegradable waste management strategy. Heavy metals in sewage sludge complicate its use. Vermicomposting is one of the ways to improve the characteristics of sewage sludge and to reduce the residual concentrations of heavy metals. Study on changes in the concentration of heavy metals (Chromium, Nickel and Cadmium), when vermicomposting sewage sludge, was performed using Californian earthworms (Eisenia fetida). For that purpose, 60 kg of sewage sludge from Vilnius Waste Water Treatment Plant were taken thus inserting 1.5 kg of Californian earthworms into it. Optimal conditions for work (optimum temperature, moisture, pH) for earthworms to survive were maintained in the course of the study that lasted 120 days and was conducted in June – August. The samples of sewage sludge and earthworms were taken every 10 days. The concentrations of heavy metals in sewage sludge were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Nuotekų dumblo tvarkymo ir naudojimo problema – svarbi biologiškai skaidžių atliekų tvarkymo strategijos dalis. Lietuvoje kasmet susidaro apie 80 tūkst. tonų nuotekų dumblo, o didžiausia dalis šio kiekio vis dar sandėliuojama valyklų aikštelėse. Nuotekų dumblas gali būti efektyviai naudojamas žemės ūkyje, tačiau sunkieji metalai, esantys nuotekų dumble, apsunkina jo naudojimą. Vienas iš būdų pagerinti dumblo savybes ir kartu sumažinti liekamąsias metalų koncentracijas – nuotekų dumblo vermikompostavimas. Sunkiųjų metalų (chromo, nikelio ir kadmio) koncentracijų kaitos vermikompostuojant nuotekų dumblą tyrimas atliktas naudojant Kalifornijos sliekus (Eisenia fetida). Tirta sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos kaita viso kompostavimo proceso metu. Tyrimui naudotas nuotekų dumblas (60 kg) buvo paimtas iš Vilniaus miesto nuotekų valyklos ir į jį įleista 1,5 kg Kalifornijos sliekų. Viso tyrimo metu buvo palaikomos optimalios sąlygos sliekams gyvuoti ir veikti (optimali temperatūra, drėgmė, pH). Tyrimo trukmė – 120 parų (birželio–rugpjūčio mėnesiai), dumblo mėginiai imti 10 parų intervalu. Išmatuotos ir nustatytos sunkiųjų metalų – chromo, nikelio ir kadmio – koncentracijos nuotekų dumble.
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49

Niyoifasha, Chrizostom Julius, Birhanu Miressa Borena, Irasapa Tanimu Ukob, Phan Ngoc Minh, Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azzawi, Muhammad Imran, Sajid Ali, et al. "Alleviation of Hg-, Cr-, Cu-, and Zn-Induced Heavy Metals Stress by Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside in Rice Plants." Plants 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2023): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12061299.

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Анотація:
The cultivation of rice is widespread worldwide, but its growth and productivity are hampered by heavy metals stress. However, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor, has been found to be effective for imparting heavy metals stress tolerance to plants. Therefore, the current study evaluated the role of exogenously applied SNP in improving plant growth and development under Hg, Cr, Cu, and Zn stress. For this purpose, heavy metals stress was induced via the application of 1 mM mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). To reverse the toxic effects of heavy metals stress, 0.1 mM SNP was administrated via the root zone. The results revealed that the said heavy metals significantly reduced the chlorophyll contents (SPAD), chlorophyll a and b, and protein contents. However, SNP treatment significantly reduced the toxic effects of the said heavy metals on chlorophyll (SPAD), chlorophyll a and b, and protein contents. In addition, the results also revealed that heavy metals significantly increased the production of superoxide anion (SOA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL). However, SNP administration significantly reduced the production of SOA, H2O2, MDA, and EL in response to the said heavy metals. Furthermore, to cope with the said heavy metals stress, SNP administration significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol peroxidase (PPO). Furthermore, in response to the said heavy metals, SNP application also upregulated the transcript accumulation of OsPCS1, OsPCS2, OsMTP1, OsMTP5, OsMT-I-1a, and OsMT-I-1b. Therefore, SNP can be used as a regulator to improve the heavy metals tolerance of rice in heavy-metals-affected areas.
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50

Li, Shuang, Yi Ming Liu, and Yuan Yuan Sun. "Spatial Distribution and Pollution Evaluation of Heavy Metals of Surface Sediments in Nansi Lake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 804–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.804.

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Анотація:
The heavy metals contents of 29 samples were tested in Nansi Lake which was divided into 5 parts. The heavy metals included Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn and As. The spatial distribution of heavy metals of 5 Lakes region has been received. The pollution of heavy metals was with evaluated with Igeo and RI. The results showed that: Nasi Lake has been polluted by heavy metals in middle level, and As, Hg, Cd and Pb were more serious. The heavy metals pollution of the part in north were more serious than in south, except the As and Cd. Overall, the heavy metals pollution in the north Zhaoyang Lake was the most serious, followed by the Nanyang Lake, Weishan Lake, Dushan Lake and the south Zhaoyang Lake.
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