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1
Bolufawi, Omonayo, Annadanesh Shellikeri, and Jim P. Zheng. "Lithium-Ion Capacitor Safety Testing for Commercial Application." Batteries 5, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries5040074.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is a recent innovation in the area of electrochemical energy storage that hybridizes lithium-ion battery anode material and an electrochemical double layer capacitor cathode material as its electrodes. The high power compared to batteries and higher energy compared to capacitors has made it a promising energy-storage device for powering hand-held and portable electronic systems/consumer electronics, hybrid electric vehicles, and electric vehicles. The swelling and gassing of the LIC when subjected to abuse conditions is still a critical issue concerning the safe application in power electronics and commercial devices. However, it is imperative to carry out a thorough investigation that characterizes the safe operation of LICs. We investigated and studied the safety of LIC for commercial applications, by conducting a comprehensive abuse tests on LIC 200 F pouch cells with voltage range from 3.8 V to 2.2 V manufactured by General Capacitors LLC. The abuse tests include overcharge, external short circuit, crush (flat metal plate and blunt indentation), nail penetration test, and external heat test.
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Supak, Kevin, Steve Green, and Amy McCleney. "Using Tapered Channels to Improve LAD Performance for Cryogenic Fluids: Suborbital Testing Results." Gravitational and Space Research 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2021-0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Improvement of cryogenic fluid storage and transfer technology for in-space propulsion and storage systems is required for long-term space missions. Screened channel liquid acquisition devices (LADs) have long been used with storable propellants to deliver vapor-free liquid during engine restart and liquid transfer processes. The use of LADs with cryogenic fluids is problematic due to low temperatures associated with cryogenic fluids. External heat leaks will cause vapor bubbles to form within the LADs that are difficult to remove in the existing designs. A tapered LAD channel has been proposed to reliably remove vapor bubbles within the device without costly thrusting maneuvers or active separation systems. A model has been developed to predict bubble movement within tapered LAD channels, and subsequent ground testing was completed with a simulant fluid to provide model validation data. Suborbital microgravity testing of tapered LAD technology was recently completed with two different simulant fluids and demonstrated that the concept can passively expel vapor bubbles within the channel. Two additional suborbital flights have been funded to further develop this technology by investigating the performance of larger scale versions of the design.
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Vasta, Salvatore, Valeria Palomba, Davide La Rosa, and Antonino Bonanno. "Adsorption Cold Storage for Mobile Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 18, 2020): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, hot and cold storage systems demonstrated themselves to be key components, especially in systems for waste heat exploitation. Moreover, mobile A/C and refrigeration set new efficiency challenges in the field of goods and passengers transport. In such a context, adsorption cold storage devices enable new possibilities and show promising features: high energy density and the possibility of being operated both for heat and cold release to the user. However, only a few studies on small and compact systems for mobile applications have been carried out so far, especially for cold storage exploiting low-temperature sources (<100 °C). The present paper describes the realization and testing of two different types of cold storage based on two innovative adsorbent reactors: a pelletized adsorber filled with commercial FAM Z02 zeolite, and a composite adsorber based on an aluminum porous structure and a SAPO-34 coating. An already developed testing procedure was employed to characterize the prototypes under cold storage mode for mobile refrigeration purposes. The test clearly showed that prototypes can store up to 580 Wh, with an average power during the discharging phase that ranges from 200 W to 820 W and an energy efficiency of 0.3 Whdischarged/Whcharged for the operations in the selected conditions, thus revealing promising opportunities for future further developments.
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Cheng, Zhenjing, Lu Wang, Yaodong Cheng, and Gang Chen. "Heat Prediction of High Energy Physical Data Based on LSTM Recurrent Neural Network." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024504002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
High-energy physics computing is a typical data-intensive calculation. Each year, petabytes of data needs to be analyzed, and data access performance is increasingly demanding. The tiered storage system scheme for building a unified namespace has been widely adopted. Generally, data is stored on storage devices with different performances and different prices according to different access frequency. When the heat of the data changes, the data is then migrated to the appropriate storage tier. At present, heuristic algorithms based on artificial experience are widely used in data heat prediction. Due to the differences in computing models of different users, the accuracy of prediction is low. A method for predicting future access popularity based on file access characteristics with the help of LSTM deep learning algorithm is proposed as the basis for data migration in hierarchical storage. This paper uses the real data of high-energy physics experiment LHAASO as an example for comparative testing. The results show that under the same test conditions, the model has higher prediction accuracy and stronger applicability than existing prediction models.
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Bart, G. C. J., C. J. Hoogendoorn, and P. B. J. Schaareman. "A Characteristic Dimensionless Time in Phase Change Problems." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 108, no. 4 (November 1, 1986): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper a comparison is made between an approximate analytical solution and the numerical finite difference solution for the one dimensional solidification of a phase change material of finite size. The analytical model is not only capable of handling materials with a fixed melting temperature but is also extended to cope with materials with a transition range. In the approximate analytical model, use is made of the well known Neumann solution for the solidification in a semi-infinite region. A characteristic dimensionless time has been derived that can be used in a simplified description of the solidification of a phase-change material. With this description the testing of latent heat storage devices can be simplified and the results can also be used in simulation programs of solar energy installations with a latent heat storage.
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Li, Yang, Caixia Wang, Jun Zong, Jien Ma, and Youtong Fang. "Experimental Research of the Heat Storage Performance of a Magnesium Nitrate Hexahydrate-Based Phase Change Material for Building Heating." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 7108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phase change heat storage material is a preferred material in solar building heating or off-peak electric-heat storage heating technology and is the research focus. A compact phase change thermal storage device has been designed and experimentally studied for improving heating system load in this work. A new type, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate-based phase change material has been studied to improve the cooling degree and crystallization difficulty. The focus of this study is on the heat charging and discharging characteristics of this new phase change material. The heat storage device has two groups of coils, the inner side which carries water and the outer side which is the phase change material. A testing system was built up to value the thermal cycling performance of the heat storage device. The measurement data include phase change material temperature field, water inlet and water outlet mean temperature, heat charging and heat discharging depth, and flow rates over the operating period. The results show the phase change material has a quick response with the operating temperature range of 20–99 °C. Its latent heat is 151.3 J/g at 91.8 °C. The heat storage density of this phase change material is about 420 MJ/m3. The thermal performance degradation is about 1.8% after 800 operation cycles. The phase change thermal storage device shows flexibility and a great potential to improve the capacity and economy of heating systems.
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Manix, Thomas, Michael R. Gunderson, and Geoffrey C. Garth. "Comparison of Prehospital Cervical Immobilization Devices Using Video and Electromyography." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 10, no. 4 (December 1995): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00042096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIntroduction:Previous evaluations of prehospital devices intended for spinal immobilization have focused on the device's ability to restrict motion only. This study defines six relevant criteria for evaluation of cervical immobilization device (CID) performance.Objectives:To suggest relevant criteria for evaluation and use available technology to improve measurements for performance testing of prehospital-care devices.Methods:Six parameters (motion restriction, access, ease of application, environmental performance, radiolucency, and storage size) were used to evaluate three types of CIDs: Device A—a single-use corrugated board; Device B—a reusable foam-block CID; and Device C—hospital towels and adhesive tape. To test motion restriction, the most frequently compared parameters for immobilization devices, 20 volunteers were asked to move their heads and necks through a series of motions (flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation). Their movements were videotaped, still images of each movement were generated, and the degrees of deflection recorded from these still images. To ensure a consistent level of force, electromyography (EMG) of the sternodydomastoid and extensor muscles was employed.Results:Data were produced for each parameter and presented for comparison. The use of video to determine deflection proved to be a useful and highly accurate (±1°) method for measurement. The use of EMG technology enabled force to be controlled indirectly when the subjects used moderate levels of exertion. Overall, Devices A and C restricted motion better than Device B. Although Device C required the shortest time for application, it took the longest to prepare for application. The total time required for preparation and application of A and B essentially were equivalent, with A requiring no preparation time but taking the longest for application, and B having an intermediate interval for application. Device A allowed for the best examination of the head and neck. No differences were detected in performance in extreme environmental conditions or in radiolucency for cervical spine X-ray examinations. Device A consumed the smallest storage volume, B the greatest storage volume, and C an intermediate volume substantially greater than that required for A.Conclusion:Device evaluation should include examination of all relevant performance parameters using the most accurate and meaningful methods possible.
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Lee, Kong Weng, Lei Xu, and Jay Skidmore. "Thick Copper and Aluminum Wire Bonding Technology for High Power Laser Devices." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 000336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-tp46.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The trends of increasing demand of higher power laser devices with increased current capacity and total package cost reduction to improve dollars per watt of laser output power have resulted in the need for alternatives to traditional gold wirebonds on gold-plated substrates. Copper and aluminum wires are considered to be the leading candidates due to their vast reliability database in the semiconductor industry and cost advantages. Room temperature (25°C) wirebonding with a robust process window and high yield is required for high-volume, low-cost applications. The wirebonds must also meet or exceed the stringent reliability requirements of 1000 hours at 85°C/85%RH damp heat (DH) and 1000 hrs at 175°C high temperature storage (HTS) testing. In this study, 10 mils round thick copper and aluminum wire bonding has been successfully developed at room temperature with no intermetallic failure or void formation at the Al/Au and Cu/Au interfaces after 1000 hours of DH and HTS testing. Further investigation with corrosion-resistant Al wire shows excellent pull strength and wire shear per Mil-Std 883 after 2000 hours of DH and HTS testing with no evidence of void formation at the Al/Au interface. The thickness of the Au-Al intermetallic is found to be minimal at ∼4um after 1000 hours of HTS testing. This study has demonstrated that both thick copper and aluminum wire are capable of wire bonding at room temperature to function as a reliable interconnect with improved product performance and low cost.
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Hegner, Lukas, Stefan Krimmel, Rebecca Ravotti, Dominic Festini, Jörg Worlitschek, and Anastasia Stamatiou. "Experimental Feasibility Study of a Direct Contact Latent Heat Storage Using an Ester as a Bio-Based Storage Material." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020511.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Latent heat storage (LHS) represents a valuable technology for the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources in existing and future energy systems. Improvements in LHS can be sought by enhancing heat transfer efficiency, compactness and diminishing the environmental impact of storage systems. In this paper, direct contact latent heat storage (DC-LHS) using esters as phase change material (PCM) is proposed as a promising compact storage technology to achieve high performance both in terms of heat transfer and sustainability. The technology allows for the heat transfer fluid (HTF) to flow directly through the PCM, forming a large amount of small droplets and thus providing a large heat exchange surface area between the two materials. At the same time, using biobased esters as PCM, gives the technology clear ecological advantages when compared to alternative types of compact energy storage. Furthermore, no complex heat transfer enhancing structures are necessary in a DC-LHS, further reducing the environmental impact and enabling very high energy densities. In this paper, the feasibility of this concept is explored for the first time by developing and testing an experimental DC-LHS device using methyl palmitate as PCM and water as HTF. The thermal performance and stability of the material combination are analysed by different melting–solidification experiments and distinctive effects are identified and comprehensively discussed for the first time. The basic concept as well as the novel material combination are validated. The study finds the critical challenges that must be overcome in order for this highly promising technology to be successfully implemented.
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Nazir, Muhammad Shahzad, Sami ud Din, Wahab Ali Shah, Majid Ali, Ali Yousaf Kharal, Ahmad N. Abdalla, and Padmanaban Sanjeevikumar. "Optimal Economic Modelling of Hybrid Combined Cooling, Heating, and Energy Storage System Based on Gravitational Search Algorithm-Random Forest Regression." Complexity 2021 (May 13, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5539284.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The hybridization of two or more energy sources into a single power station is one of the widely discussed solutions to address the demand and supply havoc generated by renewable production (wind-solar/photovoltaic (PV), heating power, and cooling power) and its energy storage issues. Hybrid energy sources work based on the complementary existence of renewable sources. The combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) is one of the significant systems and shows a profit from its low environmental impact, high energy efficiency, low economic investment, and sustainability in the industry. This paper presents an economic model of a microgrid (MG) system containing the CCHP system and energy storage considering the energy coupling and conversion characteristics, the effective characteristics of each microsource, and energy storage unit is proposed. The random forest regression (RFR) model was optimized by the gravitational search algorithm (GSA). The test results show that the GSA-RFR model improves prediction accuracy and reduces the generalization error. The detail of the MG network and the energy storage architecture connected to the other renewable energy sources is discussed. The mathematical formulation of energy coupling and energy flow of the MG network including wind turbines, photovoltaic (PV), CCHP system, fuel cell, and energy storage devices (batteries, cold storage, hot water tanks, and so on) are presented. The testing system has been analysed under load peak cutting and valley filling of energy utilization index, energy utilization rate, the heat pump, the natural gas consumption of the microgas turbine, and the energy storage unit. The energy efficiency costs were observed as 88.2% and 86.9% with heat pump and energy storage operation comparing with GSA-RFR-based operation costs as 93.2% and 93% in summer and winter season, respectively. The simulation results extended the rationality and economy of the proposed model.
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Jeffs, James, Andrew McGordon, Alessandro Picarelli, Simon Robinson, Yashraj Tripathy, and Widanalage Widanage. "Complex Heat Pump Operational Mode Identification and Comparison for Use in Electric Vehicles." Energies 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082000.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Previous research has focused on the use of heat pumps in electric vehicles, with the focus on recuperating heat from, normally, ambient and one thermal source on the vehicle. Here 5 potential thermal sources on a vehicle have been identified and thorough testing on the benefit of each source has been performed. The results presented suggest the motor, a thermal storage device, and cabin exhaust extraction should be used >80% of the time according to the scenarios tested, while battery heating and transmission heat extraction should be used subject to conditions on the ambient temperature and drive cycle.
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Solihin, Zainoor Hailmee, Wisnoe Wirachman, Yusoff Noriah, and Wan Sulaiman Wan Mohammad. "Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Double Layer Quintuple Solar Oven." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 759–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.759.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Solar cookers or solar ovens are devices that use sunlight as their energy source. These devices are primarily used for heating purposes. A double layer quintuplet solar oven was researched; the objectives were to study performances of the solar oven in harvesting sunlight to reach the highest temperature and heat storage, and to compare theoretical models against actual experimental data. The solar oven was fabricated using glass panels and supported by a trolley for mobility. The solar oven in-field testing was set at 08:00 to 18:00 hours to ensure maximum exposure to daytime direct sunlight, thus maximum heat captured. A temperature sensor (thermocouple) was used to measure the temperature changes inside the oven. A XR440 Pocket Logger was connected to the sensor to record the measured temperature on an hourly basis. The experimental data were then collated and presented in a graphical format to visualize the trend. A numerical analysis based on theoretical modeling was done to compare with the experimental data which was affected by actual weather conditions. The experimental data showed that the maximum temperature captured inside the solar oven was 80°C. In principle, the temperature inside the solar oven will increase proportionately to the increments of the solar radiation from sunlight. This experimental study concluded that the maximum heat gained by this double layer quintuplet solar oven was 80°C or at solar irradiance value of 578.04W/m2. This experimental irradiance value when compared against the irradiance value calculated based on the theoretical model shows a variance of 8.44%. This parametric research study is worth exploring further as a research frontier in alternative sustainable energy in Malaysia. Similar research by other scholars reported that the solar oven will function effectively as a cooking device if the solar irradiance heat generated inside it is more than 800W/m2. With this finding, a further enhancement can be made to the oven design to improve the maximum heat gain.
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Garmendia, Iñaki, Haritz Vallejo, Miguel Seco, and Eva Anglada. "Design and Fabrication of a Phase Change Material Heat Storage Device for the Thermal Control of Electronics Components of Space Applications." Aerospace 9, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9030126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, the design and validation of a heat storage device based on phase change materials are presented, with the focus on improving the thermal control of micro-satellites. The main objective of the development is to provide a system that is able to keep electronics within safe temperature ranges during the operation of manoeuvres, while reducing mass and volume in comparison to other thermal control techniques. Due to the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials, the conductivity of the device as a whole is one of the major challenges of the development. This issue has been solved by means of the use of a lattice of aluminium fins. The thermal behaviour of the proposed solution is assessed with numerical simulation tools, and the results prove that the developed phase change material-based thermal control technique is able to provide the suitable integrated thermal management of micro-satellites. Fabrication challenges found in the project are also explained. Numerical results are validated through a testing stage. The predicted temperature profiles are in good agreement with experimental data and inside the range foreseen for the heat storage device.
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Dubal, Sumit, and Sachin Chavan. "Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Carbon Nanofiber for Supercapacitor Application: A Review." Advanced Engineering Forum 40 (April 2021): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.40.25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The need for the development of renewable energy harvesting and storage devices is on the front as the world is facing an environmental crisis due to the consumption of gallons of fossil fuels. One of the promising solutions on which many researchers are concentrating is supercapacitor as it possesses high energy and power density. Current literature study focusing on developments already had in the field of manufacturing of supercapacitors using different precursors, testing conditions, fiber dimensions, and their performance analysis. Most of the studies found that Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based electrospun carbon fiber webs is a potential electrode material for supercapacitors. The information gathered in this article is about the electrospinning technique, Surface and electrochemical characterization methods, and recent advances in their performance are highlighted. Also, enhancement in electrochemical performance through optimization of electrospinning parameter, a precursor modification by the addition of active materials (such as carbon nanotubes, metal oxides, and catalysts), heat and surface treatment followed, and optimum fibrous structures are summarized.
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Malhotra, Nemi, Jung-Ren Chen, Sreeja Sarasamma, Gilbert Audira, Petrus Siregar, Sung-Tzu Liang, Yu-Heng Lai, Geng-Ming Lin, Tzong-Rong Ger, and Chung-Der Hsiao. "Ecotoxicity Assessment of Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticle Exposure in Adult Zebrafish at an Environmental Pertinent Concentration by Behavioral and Biochemical Testing." Nanomaterials 9, no. 6 (June 9, 2019): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060873.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) are widely being investigated as novel promising multifunctional agents, specifically in the fields of development for theranostics, electronics, waste water treatment, cosmetics, and energy storage devices. Unique, superior, and indispensable properties of magnetization, heat transfer, and melting temperature make MNPs emerge in the field of therapeutics in future healthcare industries. However, MNPs ecotoxicity as well as behavioral toxicity is still unexplored. Ecotoxicity analysis may assist investigate MNPs uptake mechanism and its influence on bioavailability under a given set of environmental factors, which can be followed to investigate the biomagnification of MNPs in the environment and health risk possessed by them in an ecological food chain. In this study, we attempted to determine the behavioral changes in zebrafishes at low (1 ppm) or high (10 ppm) concentration levels of Fe3O4 MNPs. The synthesized Fe3O4 MNPs sized at 15 nm were characterized by the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer, and the multiple behavior tests for novel tank, mirror biting, conspecific social interaction, shoaling, circadian rhythm, and short-term memory of zebrafish under MNPs chronic exposure were demonstrated. Low concentration MNP exposure did not trigger alteration for majority behavioral and biochemical tests in adult zebrafish. However, tight shoal groups were observed at a high concentration of MNPs exposure along with a modest reduction in fish exploratory behavior and a significant reduction in conspecific social interaction behavior. By using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), we found a high dose of MNPs exposure significantly elevated cortisol, acetylcholine, and catalase levels while reducing serotonin, acetylcholine esterase, and dopamine levels in the brain. Our data demonstrates chronic MNPs exposure at an environmentally-relevant dose is relatively safe by supporting evidence from an array of behavioral and biochemical tests. This combinational approach using behavioral and biochemical tests would be helpful for understanding the MNPs association with anticipated colloids and particles effecting bioavailability and uptake into cells and organisms.
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Rajsiri, Supphachan, Mayuree Chomjanngam, and Sittiphun Tuntawiroon. "A Processing Approach Incorporating Copper Backing-Wheel Device in Submerged Arc Welding for Manufacturing Cryogenic Storage Tanks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 705 (December 2014): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.705.106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A processing approach using a copper backing-wheel device was developed to aid the fabrication process of industrial cryogenic storage tanks manufactured under the ASME Section VIII Division 1. This research focused on the welding processes related to the cylindrical-body assembly. Two processing steps involving the root-run formation and the replacement with a sound outer-circumference joint were studied. Initially, tank fabrication is achieved through the application of both flux-cored arc welding and submerged arc welding. A new processing approach was proposed with the modified method in cross-section preparation, and a low-cost reusable copper backing-wheel device was developed to facilitate the root-run formation using only submerged arc welding. Temperature gradient through the device components along the heat-conduction path was monitored to assure the conductivity of the backing device. The results suggest that the proposed approach reduced manufacturing time by removing the initial flux-cored arc welding process used in the conventional welding method. As an effect, the new approach show promise reduces the overall manufacturing cost of tank fabrication. Based on radiographic testing of tanks fabricated using the new approach found that circumference joints required little or no welding repair suggesting higher joint quality.
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ML, Puneeth, and Dr G. Mallesh. "Analytical and Numerical Correlation of Hertz Contact under Elastic and Plastic Regime." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 2273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41095.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: The contact of two bodies is found in many engineering applications. Some of the best examples are Hardness Testing, contact between ball bearings in races, Head –Disk interaction in storage devices, Impact of dust and other particles on Fan blades in a gas turbine and in Sports, especially where ball contact is dominant (like Golf, Hockey, Snooker etc.). The major characteristics of the problem are the localized deformation and the variation in the contact area with the contact force. The contact force–displacement relationship is nonlinear and high stresses are often generated. Therefore, plastic deformation is likely to occur for most engineering contact problems. This paper tries to simplify and concise the hertz contact behaviour under both Elastic and Plastic regime, which helps for better understanding in designing various contact parts. Keywords: Abaqus, Axi-symmetric, Hertz Contact, Implicit solver, Matlab.
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Mustaqimah, Mustaqimah. "Penggunaan Kendal Sebagai Media Penyimpan Panas pada Kolektor Surya Plat Datar." Rona Teknik Pertanian 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/rtp.v9i2.5648.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstrak. Kolektor surya merupakan suatu alat yang berfungsi untuk mengumpulkan energi matahari yang masuk dan diubah menjadi energi termal dan meneruskan energi tersebut ke fluida. Fluida yang digunakan dapat berupa minyak, oli ataupun udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun dan menguji kinerja kolektor surya plat datar dengan menggunakan kendal (lemak sapi) sebagai media penyimpan panas. Bagian utama kolektor surya plat datar yang dibangun dari: rangka, cover, isolator, pipa tembaga dan absorber. Penyiapan kolektor surya plat datar yaitu dengan cara memanaskan lemak sapi hingga mencair, lalu dimasukkan kedalam pipa tembaga. Kemudian kolektor surya diletakkan pada posisi orientasi dengan sudut kemiringan 20 o. pengujian dilakukan mulai pukul 09.00 sampai dengan 17.30 WIB pada cuaca yang cerah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, total radiasi tertinggi terjadi pada hari pertama sebesar 4240,82 (Watt Jam/m2). Jumlah energi yang diterima oleh kolektor tertinggi terjadi pada hari pertama yaitu sebesar 5540,07 kJ. Suhu rata-rata pada media penyimpan panas (kendal) adalah sebesar 43,20oC dan menghasilkan suhu rata-rata outlet sebesar 45,6oC. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kendal sebagai media penyimpan panas sangat baik karena suhu kolektor surya tetap stabil pada saat radiasi matahari sudah tidak ada. Use of Kendal As a Heat Storage Medium on The Flat Solar Collector Type Abstract. Solar collector is a device that serves to collect the incoming solar energy and converted into thermal energy and redirects energy into the fluid. This study aimed to develop and test the performance of solar collector using kendal (beef fat) as a heat storage medium. The main parts of flat solar collector is constructed of: frame, cover, insulator, copper pipes and absorber. Preparation of flat plate solar collector that is done by heating until melted beef fat. Then inserted it into the copper pipe. After that, the solar collector is placed in a position with a slope angle 20o orientation. Testing was conducted from 09.00 until 17.30 on a sunny day. Based on the results of the study, the highest total radiation occurs on the first day at 4240.82 (Watt hours / m2). The amount of energy received by the collector is highest on the first day which amounted to 5540.07 kJ. The average temperature in the heat storage medium (Kendal) amounted 43.20 oC and generates an average outlet temperature that is equal 45.6 oC. The results of this study indicate that the use of kendal as excellent heat storage medium for solar collector temperature remains stable when solar radiation is not there.
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Dammacco, Giada, Dirk Wenzel, and Christian Hennigs. "Prosys-Laser: Smart Laser Protective Textile Systems." Advances in Science and Technology 80 (September 2012): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.80.156.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
“Passive” and “active” laser-protective clothing and curtains are hardly available on the market today for the use with hand-held laser processing devices (HLD) and automated laser machines. However, the fact that serious laser injuries of the skin happen shows that skin protection against laser radiation is necessary. Thus, key developments described in this paper are on the one hand highly innovative functional multi-layer technical textiles, providing a high level of passive laser resistance. On the other hand, active systems, containing functional multi-layer smart fabrics which detect laser exposure and, by means of a safety control, deactivate the laser beam automatically, are depicted. Furthermore, test methods and testing set-ups to qualify such passive and active functional technical textiles and tailored personal protective equipment (PPE) are developed. The passive laser-protective textile system will be realized using the best combination of materials, providing, at the same time, laser, fire, and heat protection together with other properties. Designing active system means the realization of functionalized fabrics and to exploit their physical properties. The electronics which interface the active system, providing signal conditioning, acquisition, on-body pre-processing, local data storage and wireless communication, is a major part of the active approach. The electronics will provide alarms and ultimately enforce laser shutdown upon defined conditions.
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Yim, Jeffrey, Olivia Yau, Darwin F. Yeung, and Teresa S. M. Tsang. "Fabry Cardiomyopathy: Current Practice and Future Directions." Cells 10, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10061532.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the galactosidase A (GLA) gene that result in deficient galactosidase A enzyme and subsequent accumulation of glycosphingolipids throughout the body. The result is a multi-system disorder characterized by cutaneous, corneal, cardiac, renal, and neurological manifestations. Increased left ventricular wall thickness represents the predominant cardiac manifestation of FD. As the disease progresses, patients may develop arrhythmias, advanced conduction abnormalities, and heart failure. Cardiac biomarkers, point-of-care dried blood spot testing, and advanced imaging modalities including echocardiography with strain imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with T1 mapping now allow us to detect Fabry cardiomyopathy much more effectively than in the past. While enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been the mainstay of treatment, several promising therapies are now in development, making early diagnosis of FD even more crucial. Ongoing initiatives involving artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered interpretation of echocardiographic images, point-of-care dried blood spot testing in the echocardiography laboratory, and widespread dissemination of point-of-care ultrasound devices to community practices to promote screening may lead to more timely diagnosis of FD. Fabry disease should no longer be considered a rare, untreatable disease, but one that can be effectively identified and treated at an early stage before the development of irreversible end-organ damage.
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Mohamad, Abdulmajeed, Mikhail A. Sheremet, Jan Taler, and Paweł Ocłoń. "Natural convection in differentially heated enclosures subjected to variable temperature boundaries." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 29, no. 11 (November 4, 2019): 4130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-02-2019-0137.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Natural convection in differentially heated enclosures has been extensively investigated due to its importance in many industrial applications and has been used as a benchmark solution for testing numerical schemes. However, most of the published works considered uniform heating and cooling of the vertical boundaries. This paper aims to examine non-uniform heating and cooling of the mentioned boundaries. The mentioned case is very common in many electronic cooling devices, thermal storage systems, energy managements in buildings, material processing, etc. Design/methodology/approach Four cases are considered, the left-hand wall’s temperature linearly decreases along the wall, while the right-hand wall’s temperature is kept at a constant, cold temperature. In the second case, the left-hand wall’s temperature linearly increases along the wall, while the right-hand wall’s temperature is kept a constant, cold temperature. The third case, the left-hand wall’s temperature linearly decreases along the wall, while the right-hand wall’s temperature linearly increases along the wall. In the fourth case, the left-hand and the right-hand walls’ temperatures decrease along the wall, symmetry condition. Hence, four scenarios of natural convection in enclosures were covered. Findings It has been found that the average Nusselt number of the mentioned cases is less than the average Nusselt number of the uniformly heated and cooled enclosure, which reflects the physics of the problem. The work quantifies the deficiency in the rate of the heat transfer. Interestingly one of the mentioned cases showed two counter-rotating horizontal circulations. Such a flow structure can be considered for passively, highly controlled mechanism for species mixing processes application. Originality/value Previous works assumed that the vertical boundary is subjected to a constant temperature or to a sinusoidal varying temperature. The subject of the work is to examine the effect of non-uniformly heating and/or cooling vertical boundaries on the rate of heat transfer and flow structure for natural convection in a square enclosure. The temperature either linearly increases or decreases along the vertical coordinate at the boundary. Four scenarios are explored.
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Syaifudin, Syaifudin, Triwiyanto Triwiyanto, Dinar Awalin Harditamara, and Faraz Masood. "Pulse Oximeter Design for SpO2 and BPM Recording on External Memory to Support the Covid-19 Diagnosis." Jurnal Teknokes 15, no. 3 (September 21, 2022): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/teknokes.v15i3.303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) is an acute respiratory illness induced by exposure to coronavirus 2 in 2019 (SARS-CoV-2). WHO confirms that there were 1.8 million registered deaths in 2020 and that there were 3.5 million recorded deaths in 2021. People who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms should have a pulse oximeter. Early detection of low oxygen levels in the blood can lead to fewer complications. Continuously decreasing oxygen saturation, if not controlled, will cause hypoxia (an abnormal respiratory circulation system condition that causes breathlessness). In normal conditions, oxygen levels and heart rate are related. When a person has a shortage of oxygen (breathlessness), their heart rate increases to supply the oxygen. Regulating heart rate can aid in the prevention of disorders such as arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, and hypertension. A pulse oximeter is used to measure the oxygen saturation in the blood and the patient's heart rate (BPM) with non-invasive methods. Conventional pulse oximeters do not support users by not having features such as medical records, which are required for further examination by a doctor. The purpose of this research is to make a pulse oximeter with external storage capability. The difference in wavelength between the red and infrared LED lights that will be captured by the photodiode is measured. SpO2 and HR values will be generated as a result of comparative measurements. Using a MAX30102 sensor to detect SpO2 and heart rate, and an Arduino Mega256 to process data for display on the TFT Nextion with Memory Card storage. By comparing the module to a conventional pulse oximeter, data was collected 10 times for each respondent. The maximum SpO2 error value is 0.43%, whereas the BPM parameter has the largest error value of 2.02% and the smallest error value of 0.01% based on the data collected. A significant error value is caused by finger movement. The module is usable, based on the results, because the maximum error tolerance for a pulse oximeter is 1% SpO2 and 5% BPM, according to the 2001 Ministry of Health Ministry's Guidelines for Testing and Calibrating Medical Devices.
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Reid, Hamish Thomas, Rhodri Jervis, and Paul R. Shearing. "(Digital Presentation) Understanding the Impact of High-Nickel Cathode Microstructure on Battery Safety and Cycling Performance." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012265mtgabs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To meet the increasing energy demands of portable devices and electric vehicles, high-nickel lithium-ion cathode materials with the general formula Li(NixMnyCoz)O2 (NMC) have been extensively researched. Currently NMC811 is used commercially for high-energy applications. The energy density of NMC also comes with concerns over cycle life and safety1,2. To improve the cycle life of NMC-based cells, single-crystal materials have recently gained attention to tackle the particle cracking issues found in polycrystalline cathodes3. However, for successful introduction to the lithium-ion battery market, inherent safety over a material’s lifetime also needs to be proven. Failure and degradation mechanisms both need to be fully understood to improve the stability of future cathode materials. Abusive testing, such as overheating, overcharge and nail penetration, has been used in conjunction with in-situ and ex-situ X-ray computed tomography (CT) 3D imaging to perform post-mortem studies and understand the relationship between thermal failure and cathode microstructure4,5. However, the interplay between safety characteristics, microstructural properties and material degradation remains unclear. This work first aims to compare the safety performance of polycrystalline and single-crystal NMC811 in 200 mAh pouch cells. Accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) with a heat-wait-search (HWS) technique is used to heat cells and determine the onset of self-heating, onset of thermal runaway and the peak thermal runaway temperature. Laboratory-based pre- and post-mortem in-situ and ex-situ X-ray CT is also used for non-destructive imaging at multiple length scales to determine how failure propagates through the cells and the impacts on the electrodes and microstructure. Pouch cells containing polycrystalline and single-crystal NMC811 cathode and graphite anode are electrochemically cycled to induce material degradation. EIS measurements and diagnostic cycles are performed to identify prevalent degradation modes in both types of cathode materials. Finally, the same ARC and X-ray CT characterisations are performed on the aged cells to determine how degradation and changes to the material structure affect the safety performance in high-nickel cathode materials. The results of this work will improve the current understanding of capacity fade in high-nickel cathodes and the safety behaviour over the lifetime of a battery cell. This information can then be used to inform future materials development and strategies for mitigating thermal runaway in batteries. References L. Ma, M. Nie, J. Xia, and J. R. Dahn, J. Power Sources, 327, 145–150 (2016). H. J. Noh, S. Youn, C. S. Yoon, and Y. K. Sun, J. Power Sources, 233, 121–130 (2013). J. Langdon and A. Manthiram, Energy Storage Mater., 37, 143–160 (2021). D. Patel, J. B. Robinson, S. Ball, and D. J. L. Brett, (2020). D. P. Finegan et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 30912–30919 (2016).
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Löffler, Michael Karl, and Niklas Griessbaum. "Storage devices for heat exchangers with phase change." International Journal of Refrigeration 44 (August 2014): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2014.04.016.
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Amato, Angela, Matteo Bilardo, Enrico Fabrizio, Valentina Serra, and Filippo Spertino. "Energy Evaluation of a PV-Based Test Facility for Assessing Future Self-Sufficient Buildings." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020329.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, investigations on advanced technological solutions aiming to achieve high-energy performance in buildings have been carried out by research centers and universities, in accordance with the reduction in buildings’ energy consumption required by European Union. However, even if the research and design of new technological solutions makes it possible to achieve the regulatory objectives, a building’s performance during operation deviates from simulations. To deepen this topic, interesting studies have focused on testing these solutions on full-scale facilities used for real-life activities. In this context, a test facility will be built in the university campus of Politecnico di Torino (Italy). The facility has been designed to be an all-electric nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB), where heating and cooling demand will be fulfilled by an air-source heat pump and photovoltaic generators will meet the energy demand. In this paper, the facility energy performance is evaluated through a dynamic simulation model. To improve energy self-sufficiency, the integration of lithium-ion batteries in a HVAC system is investigated and their storage size is optimized. Moreover, the facility has been divided into three units equipped with independent electric systems with the aim of estimating the benefits of local energy sharing. The simulation results clarify that the facility meets the expected energy performance, and that it is consistent with a typical European nZEB. The results also demonstrate that the local use of photovoltaic energy can be enhanced thanks to batteries and local energy sharing, achieving a greater independence from the external electrical grid. Furthermore, the analysis of the impact of the local energy sharing makes the case study of particular interest, as it represents a simplified approach to the energy community concept. Thus, the results clarify the academic potential for this facility, in terms of both research and didactic purposes.
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Amato, Angela, Matteo Bilardo, Enrico Fabrizio, Valentina Serra, and Filippo Spertino. "Energy Evaluation of a PV-Based Test Facility for Assessing Future Self-Sufficient Buildings." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020329.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, investigations on advanced technological solutions aiming to achieve high-energy performance in buildings have been carried out by research centers and universities, in accordance with the reduction in buildings’ energy consumption required by European Union. However, even if the research and design of new technological solutions makes it possible to achieve the regulatory objectives, a building’s performance during operation deviates from simulations. To deepen this topic, interesting studies have focused on testing these solutions on full-scale facilities used for real-life activities. In this context, a test facility will be built in the university campus of Politecnico di Torino (Italy). The facility has been designed to be an all-electric nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB), where heating and cooling demand will be fulfilled by an air-source heat pump and photovoltaic generators will meet the energy demand. In this paper, the facility energy performance is evaluated through a dynamic simulation model. To improve energy self-sufficiency, the integration of lithium-ion batteries in a HVAC system is investigated and their storage size is optimized. Moreover, the facility has been divided into three units equipped with independent electric systems with the aim of estimating the benefits of local energy sharing. The simulation results clarify that the facility meets the expected energy performance, and that it is consistent with a typical European nZEB. The results also demonstrate that the local use of photovoltaic energy can be enhanced thanks to batteries and local energy sharing, achieving a greater independence from the external electrical grid. Furthermore, the analysis of the impact of the local energy sharing makes the case study of particular interest, as it represents a simplified approach to the energy community concept. Thus, the results clarify the academic potential for this facility, in terms of both research and didactic purposes.
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Lakshmanna, Kuruva, Neelakandan Subramani, Youseef Alotaibi, Saleh Alghamdi, Osamah Ibrahim Khalafand, and Ashok Kumar Nanda. "Improved Metaheuristic-Driven Energy-Aware Cluster-Based Routing Scheme for IoT-Assisted Wireless Sensor Networks." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 7712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137712.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of numerous devices that are consistent with one another via the internet. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) play an integral part in the IoT, which helps to produce seamless data that highly influence the network’s lifetime. Despite the significant applications of the IoT, several challenging issues such as security, energy, load balancing, and storage exist. Energy efficiency is considered to be a vital part of the design of IoT-assisted WSN; this is accomplished by clustering and multi-hop routing techniques. In view of this, we introduce an improved metaheuristic-driven energy-aware cluster-based routing (IMD-EACBR) scheme for IoT-assisted WSN. The proposed IMD-EACBR model intends to achieve maximum energy utilization and lifetime in the network. In order to attain this, the IMD-EACBR model primarily designs an improved Archimedes optimization algorithm-based clustering (IAOAC) technique for cluster head (CH) election and cluster organization. In addition, the IAOAC algorithm computes a suitability purpose that connects multiple structures specifically for energy efficiency, detachment, node degree, and inter-cluster distance. Moreover, teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm-based multi-hop routing (TLBO-MHR) technique is applied for optimum selection of routes to destinations. Furthermore, the TLBO-MHR method originates a suitability purpose using energy and distance metrics. The performance of the IMD-EACBR model has been examined in several aspects. Simulation outcomes demonstrated enhancements of the IMD-EACBR model over recent state-of-the-art approaches. IMD-EACBR is a model that has been proposed for the transmission of emergency data, and the TLBO-MHR technique is one that is based on the requirements for hop count and distance. In the end, the proposed network is subjected to rigorous testing using NS-3.26’s full simulation capabilities. The results of the simulation reveal improvements in performance in terms of the proportion of dead nodes, the lifetime of the network, the amount of energy consumed, the packet delivery ratio (PDR), and the latency.
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Kiziroglou, Michail E., Steven W. Wright, Tzern T. Toh, Paul D. Mitcheson, Th Becker, and Eric M. Yeatman. "Design and Fabrication of Heat Storage Thermoelectric Harvesting Devices." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 61, no. 1 (January 2014): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2013.2257140.
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Kiziroglou, M. E., A. Elefsiniotis, N. Kokorakis, S. W. Wright, T. T. Toh, P. D. Mitcheson, U. Schmid, Th Becker, and E. M. Yeatman. "Scaling and super-cooling in heat storage harvesting devices." Microsystem Technologies 22, no. 7 (March 5, 2016): 1905–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-016-2889-0.
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Kolasiński, Piotr. "Studies on the possible application of heat storage devices for powering the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) systems." E3S Web of Conferences 116 (2019): 00035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911600035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Some of the heat sources (such as e.g. waste or renewable), are characterized by floating thermal and output characteristics. Thus, their application for powering vapor power plants, such as ORCs, which should utilize the heat sources having steady thermal and output characteristics is difficult. The floating heat source characteristics may potentially be improved using the heat storage devices providing the thermal energy accumulation at stable output and temperature level. Heat storage device can be adopted as a e.g. steady-level heat source for ORC system. In this paper different applications of the heat storage devices in ORCs were proposed and the results of experiments on powering the ORC system via heat storage device are presented. The results showed that adopting the heat storage devices for powering the ORC systems is possible and it is a promising way of utilizing the waste and renewable heat sources featuring floating characteristics.
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Zhou, Yan, Wen Juan Zheng, Xiao Hui Liu, and Qing Ling Li. "Study of the Heat Storage Device Characteristic in the Solar Chimney Power Plant System with Vertical Collector." Advanced Materials Research 221 (March 2011): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.221.356.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The three difference structural heat storage devices are designed used paraffin as phase change heat storage materials for the chimney power plant system with vertical collector, and the FLUENT software is used to study the heat storing and releasing capacity of four different structural heat storage devices. The results are shown that: in the same case, The heat storage and heat release abilities of the devices with different surfaces are studied through numerical simulation, the results show that: the heat storage ability of the device with fins is much better than that of flat-plate device, and the heat storage ability of the device with longitudinal fins is a little better than that of the device with lateral fins. So for the solar chimney power plant system with vertical collector, the heat storage device with longitudinal fins can be chosen in consideration of the flow resistance and heat transfer ability. These results are the theoretical basis for the actual construction of the solar chimney power plant system with vertical collector.
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Panich, Sirirat, and Lerpong Pisnui. "All-in-One Flow Injection Spectrophotometric System for Field Testing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 879 (March 2018): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.879.206.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To date one of the most significant innovative trends in chemical analysis is to develop analytical instruments that have processed to analyze on-site. Such an apparatus should minimize problems related to sample transports, sample handlings and sample storages. Currently, a traditional wet analysis in laboratories has been replaced with a portable device designed to minimize problems from sending samples to the lab. One of the practical chemical methods which can be developed as the mobile device is flow injection analysis (FIA) because the scaled-down FIA manifolds have been already presented. Regarding the detection, the rapid progress in material science and electronic technology consents the construction of portable detection devices, particularly light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) based-spectrometers. In this work, the FIA analyzer integrated with a built-in detector was designed for on-site chemical testing. A double syringes pump was assembled for transporting of the reagent carrier which were merged at the first mixing coil. A plug of a sample solution was inserted automatically by using a six-port-valve and was mixed with the carrier stream at the second mixing coil before directed to the detector. The heart of the developed analyzer is the built-in spectrophotometric sensor, made of the LEDs as a light source and a photodiode as a detector. The continuous stream of the final product was pushed into a quartz flow-through cuvette and then was exposed to the LED light. Finally, the absorbance of the product solution was calculated according to the Beer-Lambert law.
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Englmair, Gerald, Mark Dannemand, Jakob B. Johansen, Weiqiang Kong, Janne Dragsted, Simon Furbo, and Jianhua Fan. "Testing of PCM Heat Storage Modules with Solar Collectors as Heat Source." Energy Procedia 91 (June 2016): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.06.189.
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Shrotriya, A. K., S. K. Jain, L. S. Verma, R. Singh, and D. R. Chaudhary. "Testing heat storage capability of some loose granular materials." Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 12, no. 2 (March 1992): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(92)90044-i.
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Yarmolik, V. N., I. Mrozek, V. A. Levantsevich, and D. V. Demenkovets. "Transparent memory testing based on dual address sequences." Doklady BGUIR 19, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2021-19-4-43-51.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An effectiveness of the application of classical non-destructive tests for testing storage devices and their main disadvantages, among which there are great time complexity and low diagnostic ability, are analysed. The concept of double address sequence 2A is defined and the examples of their formation based on counter address sequences and Gray code are provided. The basic element of non-destructive tests with the use of double address sequences is synthesized and its detecting and diagnostic abilities for different storage devices defects are explored. There are two new non-destructive tests of memory devices March_2A_1 and March_2A_2 and an estimation of their time complexity and efficiency of failure detection are given. A significantly lower time complexity of the proposed tests and their high diagnostic ability in comparison with classical non-destructive tests are shown.
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Bespalko, Sergii, Alberto Munoz Miranda, and Oleksii Halychyi. "Overview of the existing heat storage technologies: sensible heat." Acta Innovations, no. 28 (July 1, 2018): 82–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.28.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past several decades, much attention has been given to the development of technologies utilizing solar energy to generate inexpensive and clean heat for heating purposes of buildings and even for electricity generation in the concentrating solar thermal power (CSTP) plants. However, unlike conventional heatgenerating technologies consuming coal, natural gas, and oil, heat produced by solar energy is intermittent because it is significantly affected by daily (day-night) and seasonal fluctuations in solar insolation. This fact issues a considerable challenge to the adoption of solar energy as one of the main renewable heat sources in the future. Therefore, along with the development of the different solar technologies, the heat storage technologies have also been the focus of attention. Use of the storage devices, able to accumulate heat, enables not only enhance the performance of the heating systems based on solar energy but also make them more reliable. This paper gives an overview of the various sensible heat storage technologies used in tandem with the fluctuating solar heat sources.
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He, Ming-Jian, Ya-Song Sun, Zhao-Long Wang, and Bo-Xiang Wang. "Micro/Nanomaterials for Heat Transfer, Energy Storage and Conversion." Coatings 13, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is well known that micro/nanomaterials exhibit many physical properties in the fields of heat transfer, energy conversion and storage, and also have great prospects in nanoelectronics, sensors, photonic devices and biomedical applications [...]
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Buddhi, D., and L. K. Sahoo. "Solar cooker with latent heat storage: Design and experimental testing." Energy Conversion and Management 38, no. 5 (March 1997): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-8904(96)00066-0.
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Scalat, S., D. Banu, D. Hawes, J. Parish, F. Haghighata, and D. Feldman. "Full scale thermal testing of latent heat storage in wallboard." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 44, no. 1 (October 1996): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-0248(96)00017-7.
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Peterson, G. P. "Modeling, Fabrication, and Testing of Micro Heat Pipes: An Update." Applied Mechanics Reviews 49, no. 10S (October 1, 1996): S175—S183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3101969.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 1992, an overview was presented which summarized the status and progress made in the development of very small, “micro” heat pipes, manufactured as stand alone devices or fabricated as an integral part of silicon wafers. Since that initial review, significant advances have been made in the analysis, fabrication and testing of these devices, for use in a wide variety of applications. Following, is a review of the more recent work in this rapidly emerging field. Included is a summary of the analytical techniques developed, the various proposed methods of fabrication, and a summary of the most current test results achieved to date. Because the fundamental operating characteristics of micro heat pipes larger than 1 mm in diameter are similar to that of conventional heat pipes, this review focuses on the analysis, fabrication, and testing of micro heat pipes with characteristic dimensions of less than 500 μm. Particular emphasis is placed on research, related to the development of arrays of micro heat pipes and flat plate micro heat pipes fabricated as an integral part of semiconductor devices.
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Phillips, W. M., and J. W. Stearns. "Alkali Metal/Halide Thermal Energy Storage Systems Performance Evaluation." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 109, no. 3 (August 1, 1987): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Materials compatibility and durability of advanced salt/alkali metal slurry thermal energy storage systems has been demonstrated [1]. Applications are being evaluated for both space and terrestrial solar thermal power conversion [2]. High energy density of these thermal storage systems is achieved by colocation of heat input and extraction within the slurry mixture which is overwhelmingly phase-change salt. This paper addresses performance testing of these systems. Understanding of mechanisms of both micro and macro stratification of the slurry is necessary to fully predict system performance as a function of gravity and system geometry. If it can be shown the gravity stratification effects are secondary to a combination of: (1) liquid metal film adhesion (wetting) to the heat exchange surfaces and solidified salt particles, (2) solubility of alkali metal in the salt-rich phase, and (3) stirring produced by liquid to vapor conversion of the alkali metal, then system geometry limitations are greatly relaxed for space application. Performance testing was accomplished using a sodium heat pipe to transfer heat from the slurry canister to a gas gap calorimeter. Testing was accomplished with the heat pipe installed only in the vapor space above the alkali metal/salt slurry and with an increase heat pipe and minimum vapor space. This testing conclusively demonstrated the effectiveness of the pseudo-heat-pipe type heat transfer mechanism operating in the slurry system under terrestrial conditions.
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Hüttermann, Lars, Roland Span, Pascal Maas, and Viktor Scherer. "Investigation of a liquid air energy storage (LAES) system with different cryogenic heat storage devices." Energy Procedia 158 (February 2019): 4410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.776.
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Steinparzer, T., M. Haider, A. Fleischanderl, A. Hampel, G. Enickl, and F. Zauner. "Heat exchangers and thermal energy storage concepts for the off-gas heat of steelmaking devices." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 395 (November 26, 2012): 012158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/395/1/012158.
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Alhefeiti, Manal A., James Barker, and Iltaf Shah. "Roadside Drug Testing Approaches." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 29, 2021): 3291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113291.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this review is to present an overview of roadside drug testing, driving enforcement, and drunk/drug driving detection around the world. Drunk and drug driving is a severe problem, not only in the UAE, but also around the world. This has important implications for road safety as drunk or drug driving may increase the chances of a driver’s involvement in a road crash when compared to a drug-free driver. Recently, due to increases in drug-impaired drivers’ crash involvement, many mobile roadside drug testing devices have been introduced to the market. These devices use oral fluid, urine or blood matrices. These are on-the-spot tests, which are easy to use and are applied by law enforcement agencies and the public. Law enforcement agencies most commonly use oral fluid to detect the presence of illicit drugs in drivers. This review discusses all the available devices in the market used by the authorities. It also describes the type of drugs widely abused by drivers along with behavioral testing methods. The different types of matrices used for roadside drug testing are also evaluated. Sample collection, storage, and pre-treatment methods are discussed, followed by the confirmatory analysis of positive samples. This article will significantly help law enforcement agencies compare and evaluate all the reliable roadside testing devices and new emerging confirmatory devices available to them in the market. This will help them make an informed decision on which device to adapt to their individual needs.
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Li, Ya, Xue-Weis Li, Ji-Huan He, and Ping Wang. "Thermal protection of electronic devices with the Nylon6/66-PEG nanofiber membranes." Thermal Science 18, no. 5 (2014): 1441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1405441l.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phase change materials for thermal energy storage have been widely applied to clothing insulation, electronic products of heat energy storage. The thermal storage potential of the nanofiber membranes was analyzed using the differential scanning calorimetry. Effect of microstructure of the membrane on energy storage was analyzed, and its applications to electronic devices were elucidated.
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Ikenson, Ben. "Novel technique opens door to 24/7 solar power generation using thermoelectric devices." Scilight 2022, no. 34 (August 19, 2022): 341104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0013750.
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Hauer, Andreas, Fabian Fischer, and Christoph Rathgeber. "4‐Temperatures Approach: Testing Thermochemical Heat Storage Materials Under Application Conditions." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 93, no. 4 (January 12, 2021): 618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.202000166.
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Clarke, Joe, Jon Hand, Jae-min Kim, Aizaz Samuel, and Katalin Svehla. "Performance of actively controlled domestic heat storage devices in a smart grid." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 229, no. 1 (October 9, 2014): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650914554726.
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Romanovsky, G., and J. Mutale. "Implementation of heat production and storage technology and devices in power systems." Applied Thermal Engineering 48 (December 2012): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.05.008.
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Kolasiński, Piotr, and Sindu Daniarta. "Sizing the thermal energy storage (TES) device for organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 345 (2021): 00018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134500018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thermal energy storage (TES) became one of the main research topics in modern power engineering. The design of TES devices and systems depend on their application. Different thermal energy storage materials (e.g., solids, liquids, or phase change materials) can be applied in TES devices. The selection of the thermal energy storage material depends mainly on the thermal power and operating temperature range of the TES device. These devices and systems are applied in different energy conversion systems, including solar power plants or combined heat and power (CHP) stations. The application of TES devices is also considered in the case of other industries, such as metallurgy. The possible application of TES devices is particularly promising in the case of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems. These systems are often utilizing floating heat sources such as solar energy, waste heat, etc. TES device can be therefore applied as the evaporator of the ORC system in order to stabilize these fluctuations. In this paper, the possible thermal energy storage materials used in TES devices applied in ORCs are discussed. Moreover, the modelling results are reported related to assessment parameters which can be applied to size the TES device for ORC system utilizing different low-boiling working fluids. The thermal properties of working fluids are taken from CoolProp. The function of heat capacity of different TES materials is also provided and the calculation is computed by employing MATLAB. The result shows that based on the simulation, the gradient of the natural characteristic of TES with working fluids (ζ(Tb)) tends to decrease. The presented result in this paper gives a new point of view which can be used by scientists and engineers during the design and implementation of TES evaporators dedicated to ORC power systems.