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Статті в журналах з теми "Heat-isolation materials"
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Sun, Zi Qiang, Chang Zheng Chen, and Huang Liu. "Vibration Reduction of Water Source Heat Pump Units Based on Particle Damping Materials." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.220.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spring vibration isolators and rubber damping vibration isolators are often used in active isolation engineering of water source heat pump units. The method is inefficient in shock and low frequency vibration isolation. Because the stiffness of equipments reduces with the isolation system the vibration severity itself becomes too big for working safely. Particle damping materials can absorb vibration energy to reduce vibration. The paper testifies that successful application of particle damping materials in vibration reduction of water source heat pump units is a practical simple way with low cost.
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Vaziri, Sam, Eilam Yalon, Miguel Muñoz Rojo, Saurabh V. Suryavanshi, Huairuo Zhang, Connor J. McClellan, Connor S. Bailey, et al. "Ultrahigh thermal isolation across heterogeneously layered two-dimensional materials." Science Advances 5, no. 8 (August 2019): eaax1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax1325.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Heterogeneous integration of nanomaterials has enabled advanced electronics and photonics applications. However, similar progress has been challenging for thermal applications, in part due to shorter wavelengths of heat carriers (phonons) compared to electrons and photons. Here, we demonstrate unusually high thermal isolation across ultrathin heterostructures, achieved by layering atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials. We realize artificial stacks of monolayer graphene, MoS2, and WSe2 with thermal resistance greater than 100 times thicker SiO2 and effective thermal conductivity lower than air at room temperature. Using Raman thermometry, we simultaneously identify the thermal resistance between any 2D monolayers in the stack. Ultrahigh thermal isolation is achieved through the mismatch in mass density and phonon density of states between the 2D layers. These thermal metamaterials are an example in the emerging field of phononics and could find applications where ultrathin thermal insulation is desired, in thermal energy harvesting, or for routing heat in ultracompact geometries.
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Patil, Ganesh U., Oluseyi Babatola, Daniel Hsieh, Sanjiv Sinha, and Kathryn Matlack. "Three-dimensional periodic multifunctional lattice materials for simultaneous vibration isolation and heat conduction." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 148, no. 4 (October 2020): 2578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5147155.
Повний текст джерела
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Wang, Lingyun, Weidong Zhu, Qing Wang, Qiang Xu, and Yinglin Ke. "A heat-balance method for autoclave process of composite manufacturing." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 5 (July 17, 2018): 641–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318788918.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In composite manufacturing, large composite parts usually exhibit high heating gradients during the autoclave process, which may intensify the process-induced residual stresses and deformations. As the thermal behavior of molds is of crucial importance to the curing performance of composites, a heat-balance method is presented to reduce the heating rate on overheated areas of molds, thus providing a more homogeneous curing process. The method is based on a local-isolation structure installed under the mold plate, which is used to change the local heat transfer coefficient of the mold. In the local-isolation structure application, an optimization process combining numerical simulations with a greedy genetic algorithm is developed to find the optimal layout and geometry of local-isolation structure in molds. The optimization results suggest that more uniform heating condition and more synchronous curing process can be achieved with the optimal design of local-isolation structure. In the case of a typical mold for C spar component, the maximum temperature difference in the composite part is reduce by 45.69%, while the maximum difference in degree of cure is decreased at a rate of 40.16%.
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Van Keer, R., and A. Handlovicová. "On a mathematical model for the heat transmission through transparent isolation materials in buildings." Mathematical Modelling of Systems 1, no. 2 (January 1995): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13873959508837013.
Повний текст джерела
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Pastushkov, P. P., S. I. Gutnikov, N. V. Pavlenko, D. Yu Zheldakov, and M. D. Stolyarov. "Heat conductivity of aerogel-based rolled materials for high-thermal isolation for equipment and pipelines." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 896 (August 13, 2020): 012103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/896/1/012103.
Повний текст джерела
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Li, Zhen, Lei Wu, Hu Zhang, Yueming Li, and Heow Pueh Lee. "Dual-functional metamaterial with vibration isolation and heat flux guiding." Journal of Sound and Vibration 469 (March 2020): 115122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2019.115122.
Повний текст джерела
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Houghton, J. M., D. B. Ingham, and P. J. Heggs. "The One-Dimensional Analysis of Oscillatory Heat Transfer in a Fin Assembly." Journal of Heat Transfer 114, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 548–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2911316.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Studies of the transient heat transfer within extended surfaces have so far considered the fins in isolation. The isolated fin model is not representative of the physical boundary conditions within an extended surface heat exchanger since it does not account for the thermal effects of the supporting interface. The aim of this study is to extend the work on transient heat transfer within finned surfaces by incorporating the supporting wall in the problem. A mathematical one-dimensional solution for harmonic oscillatory heat transfer in a fin assembly is derived. It is concluded that, unlike steady-state situations, the transient heat transfer in a fin assembly can only be found by considering both the wall and the fins simultaneously.
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Sun, Chuang, Yang Zhao, De Fu Li, Qing Ai, and Xin Lin Xia. "Thermal Response Characteristics of Flat Plate Heated by High Temperature and High Speed Flow." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3316.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to the view of heat transfer, the process of the fluid flow with high temperature and high speed over a flat plate may be considered as the heat transfer process within a compressible thermal boundary layer. Based on the numerical results of thermal isolation assumption, combining the temperature comparison with modification method, a coupled method of convection heat transfer coefficient with temperature field of the plate is established, and the characteristics of the thermal response for the flat plate is dominated. Take some ribbed plates as instances, the convection heat transfer coefficient and temperature field of the plate are simulated through the provided coupled method. The results show that, not only the position and materials of the plate influence the convection heat transfer coefficient, but also the time.
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Marušáková, Daniela, Petra Bublíková, Jan Berka, Jiří Hamáček, and Jana Kalivodová. "Microstructure Evaluation of Ceramic Materials Used in the Generation IV Reactors." Materials Science Forum 891 (March 2017): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.891.462.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ceramics are candidate materials for high temperature reactors as perspective materials for fuel claddings, isolation, holders, exchangers and other heat-stressed components. In this context, particularly Al2O3 which can resist high temperatures is often mentioned as cladding material. Ceramics can also be used for high-temperature systems, mainly for components that are not directly exposed to neutron flux in the reactor core. Under this study, high alumina products - mullite Lunit 73, alumina products Luxal 203 and AG 202 were exposed to the high-temperature air atmosphere and helium atmosphere up to 900°C. Exposed specimens were mechanically polished to study the microstructural changes after exposition. Microstructural evaluation was performed by Light Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Luxal 203 and AG 202 showed no changes in the microstructure, whereas in Lunit 73 new phases were observed.
Дисертації з теми "Heat-isolation materials"
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Пітак, Ярослав Миколайович. "Вогнетривкі та жаростійкі неформовані матеріали на основі композицій системи RO – R₂O₃ – RO₂ – P₂O₅". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2005. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/40380.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.17.11 – технологія тугоплавких неметалічних матеріалів. – Національний технічний університет “Харківський політехнічний інститут”, Харків, 2005. Дисертація присвячена розробці наукової концепції створення вогнетривких та жаростійких неформованих матеріалів на основі композицій системи RO – R₂O₃ – RO₂ – P₂O₅. Досліджено субсолідусну будову чотирикомпонентних систем: M–A–S–P, C–А–S–P, Zn–Z–S–B, Zn–A–Z–S, C–M–S–P, A–Z–S–P, M–Z–S–P, C–A–S–B, C–A–Z–S, C–M–A–S, C–Sr–A–Z. Визначено співіснуючі фази в системах, виконано триангуляцію потрійних підсистем та тетраедрацію чотирикомпонентних систем, визначено їх об’єми та ступінь асиметрії, побудовано топологіч-ний граф взаємозв’язку елементарних тетраедрів, надано геометро-топологічну характеристику фаз систем, проведено оцінку евтектичних температур в перерізах систем та побудовано поверхні ліквідусу перетинів. На підставі фізико-хімічних досліджень систем розроблено принципи одержання нових вогнетривких та жаростійких неформованих матеріалів. Розроблені нові склади вогнетривких теплоізоляційних матеріалів, жаростійких та вогнетривких цементів та бетонів на їх основі, набивних мас з високими фізико-механічними та технічними властивостями. Встановлено закономірності фазоутворення, та розроблено принципи одержання цих матеріалів.Thesis for Doctor of Technical Sciences degree on the speciality 05.17.11 – technology of refractory not metal materials. – National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kharkiv, 2005. The thesis is devoted to develop scientific conception of creation of fire-resistant and heat resisting materials on the basis of the system RO – R₂O₃ – RO₂ – P₂O₅ compositions. The sub-solidus structure of the four component systems has been investigated: M–A–S–P, C–А–S–P, Zn–Z–S–B, Zn–A–Z–S, C–M–S–P, A–Z–S–P, M–Z–S–P, C–A–S–B, C–A–Z–S, C–M–A–S, C–Sr–A–Z. The co-existed phases in the systems have been determined, the tetrahedra for quaternary systems have been carried out, the volumes elementary tetrahedrons have been determined, the topological characteristic of phases of systems have been given. On the basis of physic-chemical researches of the systems the principles of reception new fire-resistant and heat resisting unforming materials have been developed. New compositions of materials on the base of refractories and cements with high physical, mechanical and technical properties have been developed. The principles of phase-formation have been set up and the principles of obtaining these materials have been worked out.
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Mikulica, Karel. "Porovnání technických vlastností a technologií pokládky lehkých stavebních hmot pro podlahové konstrukce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227536.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This graduation thesis is aimed to presentation heat isolation materials for the floor constructions. The experimental part is devoted physical - mechanical properties suggested very light concretes with the cement. The main part of the thesis is devoted to form of the transit and putting of the individual heat isolation materials. In the end are suggested structures of the floor constructions with the respect to their properties and price.
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Kaplan, Václav. "Výpočtové hodnocení konstrukčních staviv z hlediska energetické náročnosti budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401470.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis deals with the computational comparison of the energy performance of buildings of various construction materials. The work aims at assessing the building as a thermal system. The theoretical part describes the methods for calculating the energy performance of buildings. The experimental part of the work focuses on quantifying the heat consumption of specific buildings in terms of thermal stability and it is later compared with the results calculated in accordance with the applicable technical standards.
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Tilioua, Amine. "Etude des transferts de chaleur au travers d'isolants thermiques fibreux pour le bâtiment : modélisation et caractérisation." Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse a pour objectif la compréhension des phénomènes de transfert de chaleur parconduction et rayonnement, dans les isolants thermiques fibreux du bâtiment, en vue de leuroptimisation. Nous avons étudié trois matériaux fibreux très différents : la laine de verre(matériau minéral), la ouate polyester (matériau synthétique) et la laine de chanvre (matériauvégétal).Dans un premier temps, les propriétés radiatives ont été identifiées par la méthode inversebasée sur les mesures expérimentales de réflexion et transmission hémisphériques etbidirectionnelles. Des échantillons de laine de verre, d’ouate polyester et de chanvre ont étéétudiés en utilisant un spectromètre FTIR. La méthode inverse permet, par le biais d’unmodèle moindres carrés, de déterminer les propriétés radiatives du matériau fibreux : albédo,épaisseur optique et coefficients de la fonction de phase. La conductivité radiative de chaquematériau est déterminée par l’approximation de Rosseland.Ensuite, concernant les propriétés thermophysiques globales des matériaux, des mesuresfluxmétriques ont été réalisées à l’aide d’un dispositif développé au LGCgE de Béthune. Cesmesures ont été comparées aux résultats d’une modélisation numérique basée sur la résolutiondes équations couplées de transfert radiatif et de l’énergieThis thesis aims to understand the phenomenon of heat transfer by radiation and conductionof thermal building insulators. Three insulating materials were studied in this work: glasswool (mineral material), the wadding polyester (synthetic material) and wool hemp (plantmaterial).At a first step, the radiative properties have been identified by the inverse method based onexperimental measurements of hemispherical reflectance and transmittance and bidirectional.Samples of glass wool, wadding polyester and wool hemp were studied using an FTIRspectrometer. The inverse method allows, by means of a model least squares, thedetermination of the radiative properties of the medium: albedo, optical thickness andcoefficients of the phase function. The radiative conductivity of each material is determinedby the Rosseland approximation.Then, on global thermophysical properties of materials, heat flux measurements wereperformed using a device developed at LGCgE of Bethune. These measurements werecompared with the results of numerical modeling based on solving the coupled equations ofradiative transfer and energy
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Nocentini, Kévin. "Comportement thermo-hygrique de blankets aérogels de silice et applications à l’isolation des bâtiments." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM049/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En Europe, le secteur du bâtiment est le plus énergivore et représente environ 40 % de l’énergie totale consommée. A court terme, la façon la plus efficace de baisser cette consommation est de réduire les déperditions thermiques à travers l’enveloppe du bâtiment en augmentant son isolation thermique, tout en minimisant la perte de surface habitable. Dans ce contexte, les travaux de thèse portent sur l’étude et la mise au point pour pré-industrialisation de matériaux super-isolants composites à base d'aérogel de silice. Le matériau composite étudié fait partie de la famille des blankets aérogels et est obtenu via un procédé de séchage ambiant innovant. Grâce à leur faible conductivité thermique et leurs propriétés mécaniques renforcées, les blankets aérogels sont d’un grand intérêt pour l’isolation thermique qui nécessite de fines épaisseurs d’isolants. Les travaux de thèse visent dans un premier temps à effectuer une analyse des propriétés thermophysiques des blankets aérogels étudiés à la sortie du moule de fabrication et vis-à-vis de leur mise en œuvre lorsqu’ils sont soumis à différentes sollicitations (mécaniques, hygriques ...). Des travaux de modélisation du transfert de chaleur dans le blanket aérogel sont développés afin d’étudier les relations entre le transfert thermique et les paramètres morphologiques du matériau. Dans un second temps, les travaux de thèse portent sur l’étude des performances à attendre d’un système d’isolation basé sur le blanket aérogel mis en œuvre sur un bâtiment, à la fois par l’analyse du comportement thermique d’une cellule test en climat réel, ainsi que par la conduite de simulations numériques de bâtiments prenant en compte plusieurs techniques constructives, configurations de murs, et ce, pour plusieurs climats européens. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les blankets aérogels étudiés ont une très faible conductivité thermique –0,016 W.m-1.K-1– et ont un fort potentiel d’application dans l’isolation thermique du bâtimentBuildings are the largest energy end-use sector and account for about 40 % of the total final energy consumption in the EU-28. A short-term strategy to efficiently reduce this consumption is to decrease thermal losses through the building envelope by improving its thermal insulation, while minimizing the reduction of the available indoor living space. In this context, the thesis deals with the study and development for pre-industrialization of super-insulating composite materials based on silica aerogel. The studied material is part of the aerogel blanket family and is obtained by an innovative ambient drying process. With a very low thermal conductivity and reinforced mechanical properties, aerogel blankets are of great interest for applications where they can offer a cost advantage due to a space-saving effect. Firstly, the thesis work aims at performing analyses of the thermo-physical properties of the studied aerogel blankets at the exit of the molding and drying processes, and during application, when they are subjected to different environmental stresses (mechanical, hygric …). Heat transfer modeling is developed to study the relationship between the morphological parameters of the material and thermal transfer within it. Secondly, the thesis work focuses on the study of the expected performances of an insulating system based on the aerogel blanket, by the study of the thermal behavior of an experimental building monitored under actual climate, as well as the use of whole building energy numerical simulations taking into account several constructive techniques, different wall configurations, for various European climates. The results obtained show that the aerogel blankets studied have a thermal conductivity as low as 0.016 W.m-1.K-1 and have promising applications for building thermal insulation needs
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Traoré, Issiaka. "Transferts de chaleur et de masse dans les parois des bâtiments à ossature bois." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10085/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ce travail de thèse porte sur la modélisation et la caractérisation des transferts de chaleur et de masse dans les parois multicouches des bâtiments à ossature bois. Un code instationnaire permettant de simuler les transferts de chaleur et de masse dans une lame d'air en géométrie bidimensionnelle, qui est un élément de la paroi multicouches, a été développé et validé. Les validations numériques en régimes transitoire et stationnaire ont porté sur la totalité des modes de transfert (conduction, écoulement en convection naturelle et forcée, rayonnement entre surfaces, transfert massique et condensation surfacique). Ensuite, ce code intégrant la présence d'une lame d'air dans la paroi a été couplé au code Transpore développé au LERFOB. Ce dernier traite rigoureusement les transferts dans les matériaux solides hygroscopiques. Pour la validation expérimentale du code complet couplé, une cellule expérimentale a été construite et instrumentée pour étudier le comportement hygrothermique des parois étudiées. Cette cellule, régulée thermiquement et hygroscopiquement en température et en humidité relative, a été mise en place au CRITT BOIS d'Epinal. Des comparaisons entre les résultats expérimentaux et numériques sont également présentées et discutées. De nombreuses campagnes de caractérisation thermique sur divers matériaux (isolants à base de fibres de bois, bois massifs, ...) ont également été menées. L'influence de la température et de l'humidité sur la conductivité thermique et la chaleur spécifique a été largement analyséeThis thesis focuses on modeling and characterization of heat and mass transfer in a wooden building envelope. A code which simulates unsteady heat and mass in an air layer in two-dimensional geometry, which is part of the multi-layer wall, was developed and validated. Numerical validations that include all transfer modes were achieved for unsteady and steady states regimes (conduction, convection, surface-to-surface radiation, mass transfer and surface condensation). Then, the code developed for the air layer at the LEMTA was coupled to the code Transpore used at the LERFOB. The latter one deals with the transfer in hygroscopic solid materials. For the experimental validation of the fully coupled code, an experimental cell was constructed and instrumented to study the hygrothermal behavior of the studied walls. This cell which is thermally and hygroscopicly controlled was set up at the CRITT BOIS. Comparisons between the experimental and numerical results are presented and discussed. Besides, several experiments of thermal characterization of various materials (insulators containing wood fibers, solid wood ...) were also conducted. The influence of temperature and moisture on thermal conductivity and specific heat was largely investigated
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Claude, Sophie. "Étude expérimentale et numérique de solutions basées sur les éco-matériaux pour la rénovation thermique du patrimoine bâti urbain." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAT0008/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Concilier patrimoine et amélioration de la performance énergétique du bâti ancien est un défi pour de nombreux centres historiques. La Communauté d’Agglomération du Grand Cahors, qui finance ce travail de thèse à travers une convention CIFRE, a souhaité s’attaquer à cette problématique en valorisant des isolants bio-sourcés. Le choix du matériau et du système d’isolation sont essentiels car ils influencent à la fois la performance hygrothermique de la paroi, la qualité de l’air intérieur, le coût et l’empreinte carbone de la rénovation. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes focalisé sur la performance hygrothermique de la paroi afin d’assurer que la mise en place d’une isolation par l’intérieur ne soit pas source de dégradations futures de la paroi. Pour cela, nous avons confronté différents outils et méthodes tels que la caractérisation physique des matériaux, une instrumentation in-situ dans deux appartements du centre ancien de Cahors et des simulations hygrothermiques alliant différents outils numériquesImproving the energy efficiency of buildings is essential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate against climate change. Historic dwellings represent a large part of the French building stock that needs to be refurbished. In the city center of Cahors, France, the old medieval dwellings are considered as valuable cultural heritage and internal insulation is often the only insulation technique that can be used when the architectural value of the exterior façade is to be preserved. This PhD thesis, funded by a CIFRE agreement with the Communauté d’Agglomération du Grand Cahors, studied the suitability of bio-based materials for the internal insulation of historical dwellings in urban area. The selection of the insulation material and the system is crucial because of its impact on the hygrothermal performance of the wall, the indoor air quality, the financial cost, and the carbon footprint of the refurbishment solution. In this study we focused on the hygrothermal performance of the walls to provide a reliable risk assessment in order to avoid hygrothermal failure. Due to the complexity of the problem and the lack of needed data, we ran a multi-scale study including both experimental (laboratory characterisation and building monitoring) and numerical modelling methods
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Vrba, Martin. "Koncepční návrh zástavby tepelného spínače do konstrukce družice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417583.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tato diplomová práce je zaměřena na sestavení přehledu konstrukcí a teplených cest kosmických lodí a kosmických vozidel, které se v současné době používají. Na základě specifických požadavků a standardů jsou vypracovány koncepční návrhy zástavby tepelného spínače do konstrukce družice. V jednotlivých kapitolách jsou popsány určité členy, které se na vedení tepla podílí a jsou důležité pro navrhované koncepty z pohledu konstrukce. Diplomová práce popisuje postupy výpočtu tepelných vodivostí a rozložení působící tíhové síly do míst uchycení pro jednotlivé koncepty. Na závěr provádí hodnocení a výběr potenciálně nejvhodnějšího návrhu.
Книги з теми "Heat-isolation materials"
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Technical Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal insulation. Subcommittee SC 1, Test and measurement methods. and International Organization for Standardization, eds. Thermal insulation: Moisture effects on heat transfer : determination of thermal transmissivity of a moist material = Isolation thermique : effets de l'humidité sur les propriétés relatives au transfert de chaleur : détermination de la transmissivité thermique dún matériau humide. Genève, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization, 1996.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Heat-isolation materials"
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İsmail Tosun, Yıldırım. "Microwaved Flux Matter- Char Sand Production of Waste Coal Char/Biochar/Gypsium Ash and Fly Ash Mixtures for Mortar- Fire Retardent Composite." In Biochar - Productive Technologies, Properties and Application [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101559.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fire inhibiting materials as cement filler are used in mortar constructions especially using gypsium board, similar isolator mortars. The mortar covered char and ash sand mixtures insulate heat and reduce fire blazing activity. Ytong, or porous briquettes and clay is the world’s most popular insulating construction material retarding blaze due to its porous durability, processability, and cost. However, producing concrete or mortar with high isolation with HD styrene panels is insulating the structure, protecting the cement board against flammable fire risk. Slag-type masonry requires high heavier fire inhibiting matter in construction. Styrene type isolation provides fire inhibiting at lightweight masonry or mortar generation with the use of waste gypsium fines and waste coal slimes and high ash char “char sands” and ash fines. The growing environmental concerns motivated researchers to search for char waste slag-type inhibiting materials using gypsium fines and biomass waste char fines leading to alternative routes of fire-retardant mortar construction. In this way, several alternative materials of isolation mortar have prompted.
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Herz, Norman, and Ervan G. Garrison. "Ceramics." In Geological Methods for Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195090246.003.0019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Archaeological ceramics refers to products made primarily of clay and containing variable amounts of lithic and other materials as well. The term ceramic is derived from the Greek keramos, which has been translated as "earthenware" or "burned stuff." Ceramics include products that have been fired, primarily pottery but also brick, tile, glass, plaster, and cement as well. Since pottery is by far the most important archaeologically, and the methods of sampling and study are largely applicable to the others, this chapter is devoted primarily to pottery. Pottery then is the general term used here for artifacts made entirely or largely of clay and hardened by heat. Today, a distinction is sometimes made between pottery, applied to lower-quality ceramic wares, and the higher-grade product porcelain. No such distinction will be made here, so the term pottery alone will be used. Raw material that goes into the making of a pot includes primarily clay, but also varying amounts of temper, which is added to make the material more manageable and to help preserve the worked shape of the pot during firing. Of primary interest in ceramic studies are 1. the nature and the source of the raw materials—clays, temper, and slip (applied surface pigment)—and a reconstruction of the working methods of ancient potters; 2. the physical properties of the raw materials, from their preparation as a clay-temper body through their transformations during manufacture into a final ceramic product; 3. the nature of the chemical and mineral reactions that take place during firing as a clue to the technology available to the potter; and 4. the uses, provenance, and trade of the wares produced. Much of the information needed to answer these questions is available through standard geochemical and petrographic analysis of ceramic artifacts. Insight into the working methods of ancient potters also has been obtained through ethnographic studies of cultures where, because of isolation or conservative traditions or both, ancient methods have been preserved.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Heat-isolation materials"
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Mungekar, Hemant, Bruno Geoffrion, Bikram Kapoor, Naren Dubey, Mak Salimian, Michael Cox, and Paddy Krishnaraj. "Heat and Mass Transport in HDP-CVD Chamber." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
HDP-CVD reactors are used for Shallow Trench Isolation (STI), Inter Metal Dielectric (IMD) and Inter Layer Dielectric (ILD) applications for logic and memory device fabrication. As device dimension shrinks, the trend has been to use lower pressure and higher plasma density for gap-fill with higher aspect ratio (AR). Higher AR gapfill in addition to higher throughput is achieved by running multiple wafers between a chamber clean, present a unique set of challenges for heat and mass-transfer in an HDP-CVD reactor. This paper describes some of the new state-of-the-art hardware innovations specifically developed to meet these challenges. In particular, heat transfer to plasma facing materials, fluid mechanics, and transport of sub-micron sized particles in the plasma environment of an HDP-CVD reactor are explored.
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Gupalo, T. A., V. P. Beygul, and V. Yu Konovalov. "Comparative Quantitative Estimation of Engineered and Natural Barriers Influence on Ecological Safety of Long-Lived Radwaste Underground Disposal." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4533.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper presents quantitative estimations of the effect of containers, matrix materials, bentonite barrier and hard rock massif on ecological safety during geologic isolation of longlived RW. The estimations were obtained on the basis of mathematical modelling of radionuclides (Np-237, Tc-99, Pu-239, Zr-93) migration in bentonite barrier, forecasting contaminated underground water migration in fractured zones, experimental data on leaching rates of radionuclides immobilized in boron silicate glasses and mineral-like ceramics. Preliminary data obtained at one of the sites of the Nizhnekansky massif were used in calculations. Is was shown that choice of optimum performances of multibarrier system can ensure safe final isolation of long-lived, not heat-generating RW fractions in geologic disposal located at 600 m depth.
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Hattori, Toshio, and Masaaki Iwasa. "Fatigue Strength of Metal / FRP Adhesive Joints Under Low Temperature." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0139.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) have the excellent thermal isolation characteristics, and are used for for cryogenic structures such as super conducting magnets. Generally these FRP materials are connected with metal structures using adhesive joint, as these FRP materials loose strength by the existence of bolt holes. In this metal/FRP adhesive joints high thermal residual stresses occur under cryogenic temperatures as the thermal expansion coefficients of both materials differ large. So, improvement of strength evaluation method of these bi-material adhesive joints under low temperature become indispensable to develop high-reliability super conducting magnet systems such as form Magnetic Levitation Liner Motor Car. In this paper we present a new fatigue strength evaluation method under high thermal residual stresses using following two stress singularity parameters K and λ at bonding edges. τ ( r ) = K / rλ Heat τ(r) is stress (MPa), r is the distance (mm) from the singular point (bonding edge), K is the intensity of stress singularity and λ is the order of stress singularity. And this evaluation method is applied to Stainless-steel/Al2O3 FRP adhesive joint models.
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Brecher, Christian, Stephan Neus, Niclas Klumpen, Peter Dültgen, Ralf Theiß, Romina Krieg, and Fabian Hoffmann. "Investigation of Transformation Behaviour of Pseudoelastic NiTi Shape Memory Alloys Under Compressive Loading to Assess the Potential Use in Vibration Damping in Milling Operations." In ASME 2021 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2021-67467.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Passive vibration isolation is a key element to achieve precise results in milling processes and to increase tool durability. Damping of vibrations near to the cutting edge is considered highly effective as well as hard to implement because of the limited damping properties of conventional materials in the available space. Particularly long projecting tools tend to be unstable with high vibration amplitudes due to their low material damping and high compliance. Problems may also occur in case the damping values are too low. Besides causing substandard goods, it also results in increased risk of tool fracture, which in turn increases production costs. Current approaches to solving these problems are vibration dampers or special damping tools. These systems are often complex, specially adapted and therefore cost-intensive. NiTi based shape memory alloys (SMA) are known to be suitable damping materials for different applications, e.g. dampening of large circular saws or buildings. Their use depends on the capability to convert large amounts of mechanical energy into thermal energy based on the pseudoelastic effect. Especially the material’s pronounced transformation hysteresis results in an useable damping potential. In order to maximize the usable damping effect in machining tools, SMA-based damping elements have to be integrated into the force flow of different machine components in a preloaded compressive stress state. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the stress-strain behavior of damping elements under the influence of various heat treatment parameters and high dynamic loading. For this purpose, the Forschungsgemeinschaft Werkzeuge und Werkstoffe e.V. (FGW) carried out tests on various SMA specimens under approximately static compressive loads in order to determine fundamental parameters influencing the damping capacity. In particular, the influences on the transformation hysteresis were investigated. Depending on the results, tests under high dynamic loads will be carried out by the Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) at the RWTH Aachen University in order to be able to assess subsequent use within the machine tool. Therefore, the most promising pretreatment parameters from the preliminary tests were used to manufacture the specimen. The paper presents the methodology, experiments and results of investigations to evaluate the possible use of pseudoelastic NiTi-based shape memory alloys in vibration damping in milling operations.
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Sienicki, James J., and Plamen V. Petkov. "Passive Safety of the STAR-LM HLMC Natural Convection Reactor." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22290.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The STAR-LM 300 to 400 MWt class modular, factory fabricated, fully transportable, proliferation resistant, autonomous, reactor system achieves passive safety by taking advantage of the intrinsic benefits of inert lead-bismuth eutectic heavy liquid metal coolant, 100+% natural circulation heat transport, a fast neutron spectrum core utilizing high thermal conductivity transuranic nitride fuel, redundant passive air cooling of the outside of the guard/containment vessel driven by natural circulation, and seismic isolation where required by site conditions. Postulated loss-of-heat sink without scram, overcooling without scram, and unprotected transient overpower accidents are analyzed for the 300 MWt STAR-LM design using a coupled thermal hydraulics-neutron kinetics plant dynamics analysis computer code. In all cases, STAR-LM is calculated to exhibit passive safety with peak cladding and coolant temperatures remaining within the existing database for lead-bismuth eutectic coolant and ferritic steel core materials.
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Nguyen, The, Mohammad Elahinia, and Constantin Ciocanel. "A Magnetorheological Mount for Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicles." In ASME 2009 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2009-1362.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Advanced vehicular technologies have been increasingly popular since they improve fuel economy. Automobiles with variable cylinder management are capable of turning on/off the cylinders in order to optimize the fuel consumption. Hybrid vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) or hydraulic hybrid vehicles (HHVs) allow the engines to operate in the most efficient region. Besides, the hybrid technology includes capturing the braking energy, otherwise wasted as heat, to aid the acceleration. However, the enhancement in fuel efficiency comes with unbalance, shock and wider range of frequency vibration. Noise and vibration is actually one of the main obstacles in commercializing the HHV technology. This study is to design a vibration isolator to work for HHVs effectively and economically. The vibration profile of HHVs is proven to include both shock load at the switches of power sources and wide frequency range of vibration. That the HHV’s engine is turned on/off frequently and the hydraulic pumps/motors operate between 0 and 2000RPM, corresponding to 0–300Hz, poses difficult challenges for the isolation system. Rubber mounts are cheap, but only good for static load support and suitable for low power engine. Passive hydraulic mounts are only effective for conventional engines with unvarying working schedules. On the other hand, the active mounts are responsive for any condition, but too costly for commercial vehicles. Semi-active mounts with magnetorheological fluid (MRF) have been researched and recognized as a highly potential solution for hydraulic hybrid vehicles. The semi-active MRF mount is constructed very similar to a conventional hydraulic mount. However, the working fluid is an MRF which can quickly change its characteristics when the magnetic field is present. The main features of the MRF mount include multiple controllable MR valves, utilizing the flow (valve) mode, to connect the top and bottom fluid chambers. In addition, the mount is also capable of employing the fluid in squeeze mode. The structure of the MRF mount allows the stiffness and damping to be controlled in real time. The controllability makes the mount tunable to particularly fit the requirements of the HHVs. In this study, a mathematical model was constructed to predict the performance of the mount. The parameters were tuned so that the mount is effective within the whole operating frequency range of the HHV’s vibration.
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Naitoh, Masanori, Marco Pellegrini, Hiroaki Suzuki, Hideo Mizouchi, and Hidetoshi Okada. "Analysis of Accident Progression of Fukushima Daiichi NPP by the SAMPSON Code." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30607.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper describes analysis results of the early phase accident progression of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Unit 1 by the severe accident analysis code SAMPSON. The isolation condensers were the only devices for decay heat removal at Unit 1, but they stopped after the loss of AC and DC powers. Since there were no decay heat removal for about 14 hours after their termination until the start of alternative water injection into the core by the fire engine, the core melt and the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) bottom failure occurred resulting in large amount of fission products release into the environment. The original SAMPSON was improved by adding new modellings for the phenomena which have been deemed specific to the Fukushima Daiichi NPP: (1) deterioration of SRV gaskets and (2) buckling of in-core-monitor housings which caused the early steam leakage from the core into the drywell, and (3) melt of the in-core-monitor housings in the lower plenum of the RPV. The analysis results showed that (1) 55.3% of UO2 of the initial loading and 66.1% of the core material including UO2, zircaloy, steel and control materials had melted down into the pedestal of the drywell, (2) the amount of Hydrogen generated by Zr-H2O reaction was 686 kg, (3) amount of Cs element released from fuels was 61 kg which was 72% of the total Cs element which was included in fuels at the initiation of the accident, and (4) 18.3% of the corium which fell into the pedestal was one large lump and the 81.7% was particulate corium.
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Felt, Frederick, Lee Knauss, Anders Gilbertson, and Antonio Orozco. "Construction of a 3-D Current Path Using Magnetic Current Imaging." In ISTFA 2007. ASM International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2007p0197.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The need to miniaturize in the electronics industry is driving smaller form factors, and resulting in complex packaging innovations such as structures with multiple devices stacked inside a three dimensional package. These structures present a challenge for non-destructive fault isolation. Two such modules recently exhibited failures on the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) during board-level testing. Each module consisted of eight vertically-stacked mini-boards, each mini-board with a single EEPROM microcircuit and capacitor, and connected by external gold metallization to module pins. Both failed modules exhibited low-resistance shorts between multiple pins. The orthogonal structure of the module prompted the use of magnetic current imaging (MCI) in three planes in order to construct an internal three-dimensional current path for each of the failed modules. Magnetic current imaging is able to “look through” non-magnetic, or de-gaussed packaging materials, allowing global imaging without physical deprocessing of the stacked EEPROM modules, in order to construct the internal current path and localize defects. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this has been done. Following global isolation of the defects, two types of magnetic sensors were used in parallel with limited deprocessing in order to more precisely characterize suspect failure locations before actually physically exposing the defects. This paper will show the process for using magnetic current imaging with both SQUID and magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors to isolate defects in two stacked EEPROM packages along with the final physical analysis of the defects. The failure analysis found that these devices were damaged by external heat, possibly during oven pre-conditioning or hot air soldering onto the board. The manufacturer, 3-D Plus, was not implicated in the failure.
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Martinez-Baca, Carlos, and Rowland Travis. "Combining CFD and Stress Models for PEM Cells: Initial Development." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2004-2469.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this work is to determine the relationship between the operational characteristics of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell, and the relevant materials issues and in particular mechanical stresses that develop. A three dimensional, non-isothernal, single phase model of a single channel PEM fuel cell is developed to investigate the impact of temperature variation on the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA). The model accounts for heat transfer in solids as well as in the multi-component mixture of gases, convection and diffusion of different species in the porous electrodes and the channels, electrochemical reactions and transport of water and ions through the PEM. This model has been numerically implemented in a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD), finite volume based code. Temperature contours derived from the model were then exported to a commercial Finite Element (FE) code to analyse the relevant mechanical issues of the PEM and in particular thermomechanical stresses that develop. Initial results verify that, even considering the polymer electrolyte membrane in isolation with mechanically free boundary conditions, there is a significant temperature difference leading to tensile stresses of up to 2.1 MPa within the membrane.
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Renger, Stefan. "Investigation of the Agglomeration and the Break-Up of Isolation Material." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75391.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The description of the complex flow of coolant water with particles is necessary to evaluate safety relevant effects of the sedimentation of isolation material on sump-sieves in nuclear power station. Classifying and modeling of the different phenomena maybe important in the case of a coolant accident, because the isolation material can be transported into the reactor containment, the building sump of the containment and into the associated systems [1]. In order to ensure the heat dissipation from the reactor core and the containment the cooling systems transport the water from the sump into the condensation chamber and then into the reactor pressure vessel. The functionality of the pumps can be affected by a high allocation of the sieves with fractionated isolation material. In this case the heat dissipation from fuel elements is not guaranteed. The transport of the material will be simulated with the CFD-code. The modeling of the flow with particles is very complex, because of the structure of the particles and their interaction with the fluid. There are different classes of particles with different attributes, e.g. sinking velocity. So one needs more than one disperse phase to describe the whole process, which is associated with a lot of computing power and not realizable for large geometries. The paper deals with experimental and methodical activities for the description of the agglomeration and the break-up of isolation material in fluid flow. The aim of this work is to describe the evolution of the volume parts of the different particle classes turbulent flows depending on the time in. The modeling phase starts with a very simple model to describe 3 particle classes (x, y, z) and results in a differential equation system with 3 equations. To describe all classes the model has to be expanded. Therefore the Lindenmayer-System approach has been adopted. These systems can be taken in cases where self-similarity takes place. The result is a differential equation system with iterations for the three classes (x(i), y(i), z(i)), with i as the parameter for the number of subclasses. The values for the agglomeration and break-up rates will be taken from experiments. As a result a model has been created which describes the evaluation of the different particles classes in turbulent flow. It helps to choose the correct particle class in the CFD simulation depending on the situation to simulate.