Статті в журналах: "Health protective behaviour theory"

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Odimegwu, Clifford, Oluwaseyi Dolapo Somefun, and Vesper H. Chisumpa. "REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN POSITIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Journal of Biosocial Science 51, no. 2 (April 10, 2018): 254–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193201800010x.

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SummaryThe question of youth sexual behaviour has been widely debated, with researchers such as Berhan and Berhan (2015) arguing that young adults aged 15–24 are more likely to engage in risky behaviours. However, research has not adequately addressed the issue of positive sexual behaviours, in particular among young people in sub-Saharan Africa. Adapting the compensatory model of risk and resiliency theory, this study examined the determinants of positive sexual behaviours among youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Using recent data from Demographic and Health Surveys of sixteen countries representative of each African region (East, West, Southern and Central), it was hypothesized that positive sexual behaviours of youth (condom use at last sex and single sexual partnership) would be most strengthened by protective factors at the individual and family levels, and that these behaviours would differ by region due to regional variation in socio-cultural practices. Delayed age at sexual debut (first sex after the age of 15) was found to be the strongest protective factor for positive sexual behaviours among males and females in sub-Saharan Africa. Certain socioeconomic variables were found to be positively associated with positive sexual behaviours and the associations differed by gender.

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Moeini, Babak, Elahe Ezati, Majid Barati, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, and Maryam Afshari. "Skin Cancer Preventive Behaviors in Iranian Farmers: Applying Protection Motivation Theory." Workplace Health & Safety 67, no. 5 (October 10, 2018): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079918796850.

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Farmers are among the most common work groups at risk of skin cancer. The protection motivation theory has been widely accepted as a framework for predicting health related behaviors. This study was conducted to determine the role of factors preventing skin cancer among farmers in Eslamabad-e Gharb district, Iran, using the protection motivation theory. In this descriptive study, 280 farmers living in this district were studied from May to June 2017. Using cluster random sampling methods, health houses where farmers received health care were selected. Each farmer within the selected health house was then enrolled into the study using simple random sampling. Data were collected by interview using an author-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire ascertained demographic information and constructs of the protection motivation theory. Almost half of the farmers had a history of sunburn (56.4%). With regard to prevention, a small proportion reported using sunscreen (8.6%), hats (3.2%), gloves 3.9%, sunglasses 4.6%, and protective clothing 15.4%. The results of regression analyses showed that with one unit of increase in the scores of self-efficacy to adopt prevention behavior and perceived protection motivation resulted in an increase in the mean score of the “protective” behavior by 0.26 and 0.20, respectively. Working conditions among farmers place them at great risk and skin cancer prevention is essential. Intervention and prevention programs should fully identify the determinants of skin cancer prevention in farmers; in addition, the identified effective factors must be taken into account when designing and implementing appropriate interventions.

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Maykrantz, Sherry A., Luke A. Langlinais, Jeffery D. Houghton, and Christopher P. Neck. "Self-Leadership and Psychological Capital as Key Cognitive Resources for Shaping Health-Protective Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Administrative Sciences 11, no. 2 (April 12, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci11020041.

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As COVID-19 has become a global pandemic, health researchers and practitioners have focused attention on identifying the factors that may help to shape health-protective behaviors, protecting individual health and well-being, and helping to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This study explores the potential role of self-leadership and psychological capital (PsyCap) as key cognitive resources for shaping health-protective behaviors. Using multiple theoretical frameworks (social cognitive theory, psychological resources theory, and the health belief model), this paper develops and tests a hypothesized serial mediation model in which PsyCap and coping self-efficacy mediate the relationship between self-leadership and health-protective behaviors including hand washing, wearing face masks, and social distancing. Results suggest that PsyCap and coping self-efficacy mediate the positive relationship between self-leadership and health-protective behaviors. These results yield valuable insights regarding the usefulness of self-leadership and PsyCap as cognitive resources for shaping health-protective behaviors and for possible self-leadership and PsyCap interventions, potentially tailored to at-risk populations, which should have practical benefits for both the current and future pandemics and health crises.

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Fu, Xinyuan, Ruoran Fu, Shuxian Li, Xiaona Du, Mei Zhang, Jiaxin Duan, Hanmin Wang, and Guixin Li. "Effects of health-related dispositions on citizens’ appraisals toward the COVID-19 pandemic and protective behavior." PLOS ONE 19, no. 9 (September 5, 2024): e0305995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305995.

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In this study, health risk attitude and health locus of control were included as dispositional factors in the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to explain people’s protective behavior in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical data involved two waves of data with a sample of 526 adults with full-time jobs from Beijing, China, and structural equation model results confirmed a partial successful extension of the PMT. Specifically, health risk attitude had a direct effect on citizens’ protective behavior, but without an indirect effect mediated by threat appraisal toward the COVID-19 pandemic; health locus of control did not directly associate with citizens’ protective behavior, but had an indirect effect on it fully via coping appraisal toward the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the PMT has been extended by adding a distal dispositional factor on the impact of coping appraisal on protective behavior. Implications for advancing the government’s anti-epidemic strategy are discussed.

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Laorujisawat, Mayurin, Aimutcha Wattanaburanon, Pajaree Abdullakasim, and Nipa Maharachpong. "Protection Motivation Theory and Rabies Protective Behaviors Among School Students in Chonburi Province, Thailand." Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 54, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.457.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to predict rabies protective behaviors (RPB) based on protection motivation theory (PMT) among fourth-grade students at schools in Chonburi Province, Thailand.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021. A multistage sampling technique was used for sample selection. The questionnaire was divided into socio-demographic data and questions related to PMT and RPB. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted using the EpiData program and inferential statistics, and the results were tested using the partial least squares model with a significance level of less than 5%.Results: In total, 287 subjects were included, of whom 62.4% were girls and 40.4% reported that YouTube was their favorite media platform. Most participants had good perceived vulnerability, response efficacy, and self efficacy levels related to rabies (43.9, 68.6, and 73.2%, respectively). However, 54.5% had only fair perceived severity levels related to rabies. Significant positive correlations were found between RPB and the PMT constructs related to rabies (β, 0.298; p<0.001), and the school variable (S4) was also a predictor of RPB (β, -0.228; p<0.001). Among the PMT constructs, self efficacy was the strongest predictor of RPB (β, 0.741; p<0.001).Conclusions: PMT is a useful framework for predicting RPB. Future RPB or prevention/protection intervention studies based on PMT should focus on improving self efficacy and response efficacy, with a particular focus on teaching students not to intervene with fighting animals. The most influential PMT constructs can be used for designing tools and implementing and evaluating future educational interventions to prevent rabies in children.

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Seow, Ai Na, Yuen Onn Choong, Chee Keong Choong, and Krishna Moorthy. "Health tourism: behavioural intention and protection motivation theory." Tourism Review 77, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 376–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-11-2020-0546.

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Purpose Health tourism is recognised as a recent new pattern of taking a break while accessing health-care services overseas. Past studies have explored this research area, but few have focussed on the theoretical perspective. Applying an appropriate theoretical model to guide interventions in planning and programme development is crucial, particularly when the focus of the study is on the cognitive mediation processes of change in individual behaviour. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the protection motivation theory with the influence of threat appraisal and coping appraisal. The purpose is to trigger the behavioural intention to engage in international health tourism. Design/methodology/approach A total of 299 international tourists participated in the survey. The partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was used to test the research framework. Both the measurement model and the structural model were assessed as adequate. Findings The empirical results demonstrate that tourists’ high risk perception must be complemented by coping ability to produce a motivational response. Further, the adaptive behaviours of international tourists are focussed more on perceived efficacy than on the perception of threats related to behavioural intentions towards health tourism. Originality/value The study presents an effective theoretical model intervention applicable to health tourism. Future studies should conduct a more comprehensive assessment to generate strong decision-making effectiveness from the theoretical model.

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Lasheen, Reham A., Paul Kavanagh, Brian Doyle, Cheyenne Downey, Rikke Siersbaek, Debbi Stanistreet, and Frank Doyle. "Facilitators and Barriers to Implementation of Financial Incentive Interventions for Health Behaviour Change: A Systematic Review Protocol." HRB Open Research 7 (July 26, 2024): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13923.1.

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Background Health behaviours, whether protective or harmful in nature, significantly impact health outcomes. Nevertheless, it is recognised that adherence to a healthy lifestyle and enabling behaviour change remains a significant challenge. In efforts to optimise healthcare delivery to ensure positive health outcomes, behavioural economics has provided critical insights on various tools aimed at behaviour change, one of which is financial incentives. However, financial incentive programmes are complex, heterogeneous in design and context-dependant which renders them challenging to implement in real-life settings. Hence, careful consideration to facilitators of and barriers to their implementation to maximise their use is warranted. Aim This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the implementation of financial incentive programmes targeted at any behaviour change in real-life settings, as reported by key stakeholders, to guide future implementation initiatives. We will also conduct a sensitivity analysis comparing smoking to other behaviours, given its significant detrimental impact on health outcomes and its role in widening health disparities. Methods A systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Rapid Review 2020 guidelines, as well as expert recommendations, will be undertaken, to identify stakeholder-reported challenges and enablers of implementation of financial incentive programmes globally. Seven electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL, will be searched for papers published from inception to June 2024. A narrative synthesis of the findings will be presented and subsequently mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behaviour Change Wheel. Sensitivity analysis comparing findings from smoking studies will be compared to other behaviours. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required for the review. The protocol and rapid review will be submitted to an open-access peer-reviewed journal for publication. The review findings will allow for the design of effective financial incentive interventions informed by theory, which are adaptable and applicable across various settings.

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Pillay, Jace. "Suicidal behaviour among university students: a systematic review." South African Journal of Psychology 51, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246321992177.

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A systematic literature review was conducted to explore worldwide prevalence studies on student suicide, the risks and protective factors related to student suicide, and university-based interventions to combat it. The search of four major databases identified 60 studies published in peer-reviewed academic journals between 2015 and 2020. Majority of these publications were from the United States, followed by China and the United Kingdom. Studies in South Africa and the African Continent as a whole were limited in terms of meeting the selection criteria of the review. The findings indicate that most of the publications ranged from describing suicide risk factors innate to students, such as their demographic and mental health features, to social and university stressors. Although the studies on protective factors were limited, several psychological, social, and behavioural elements to prevent student suicide were identified. I adopted the Three-Step Theory of suicide to discuss the implications of the findings by presenting several campus-based strategies to combat student suicides.

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Mohammed, Fathey, Nabil Hasan Al-Kumaim, Ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani, and Yousef Fazea. "The Impact of Social Media Shared Health Content on Protective Behavior against COVID-19." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 1775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031775.

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The use of social media has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic because people are isolated and working from home. The use of social media enhances information exchange in society and may influence public protective behavior against the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting public protective behavior when relying on COVID-19 pandemic-related content shared on social media. A model based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) was proposed and validated using a quantitative survey approach. A questionnaire was distributed to random respondents, and 488 responses were received and analyzed using Smart-PLS software. The findings showed that perceived risk, e-health literacy, public awareness, and health experts’ participation influence public protective behavior when using social media to share COVID-19-relevant content. The outcomes of this study can enhance government agencies’ and public health care authorities’ understanding of how to use social media to raise awareness and reduce panic among the public.

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March, Alice L. "Integrative Literature Review of Adolescent Risk and Health Compromising Behaviors Guided by the Problem Behavior Theory." Journal of Youth Development 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2011.201.

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Twenty percent of the world’s population is adolescents. Although generally healthy, risky behaviors result in premature death from injury and establish lifestyle choices which may give rise to poor health and disability during adult life. This integrative review presents the state of the literature related to adolescent health risk behaviors as framed by the problem behavior theory. The key word search using the databases of ERIC, CINAHL Plus with full text, PsycARTICLES, and PsycINFO yielded an internationally representative group of articles consistent with the guiding framework. Fifteen articles related to risk factors, protective factors, risk behaviors, and health-compromising behaviors of adolescents were retained from the past five years. Although the literature is replete with research involving adolescents, gaps are identified, and recommendations for future research are considered.

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Kupfer, Tom R., Kayleigh J. Wyles, Fraje Watson, Roberto Marcello La Ragione, Mark A. Chambers, and Alastair S. Macdonald. "Determinants of hand hygiene behaviour based on the Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour." Journal of Infection Prevention 20, no. 5 (May 26, 2019): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757177419846286.

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Background: Many investigations into the determinants of hand hygiene (HH) behaviour have explored only individual predictors or were designed according to arguably overly simplistic models of behaviour. Consequently, important influences on HH behaviour, including habit and emotion, are sometimes neglected. This study is the first to employ the Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour as a comprehensive model for understanding the determinants of HH behaviour. Method: A self-report questionnaire was conducted with staff from two large UK veterinary referral practices. Participants ( n = 75) reported their HH behaviour and responded to statements rating the importance of social norms, self-protection, patient protection, time pressures, access to equipment, habit and disgust, to their HH behaviour. Results: Regression analysis showed that, overall, determinants explained 46% of variance ( p < .001) in self-reported HH behaviour, with time constraints being the strongest predictor ( β = −.47, p < .001) followed by difficulty finding equipment ( β = −.21, p = .05). Discussion: Time constraints may be the most important influence on HH adherence among the determinants investigated. Future researchers should consider employing theoretical models to aid a more comprehensive understanding of the psychology underlying HH adherence and HH interventions.

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Joung, HyunSuk. "Influencing Factors of Green Purchase Intention: Focusing on the Protection Motivation Theory and Planning Behavior Theory." Academic Society of Global Business Administration 20, no. 4 (August 31, 2023): 96–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.38115/asgba.2023.20.4.96.

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This study examines the effect of customers' protection motivation theory, planned behavior theory and green product purchase intention for consumers using green product. To this end, the theory of protective motivation and the theory of planned behavior were explained, and the relationship between them was verified theoretically and empirically. The proposed research model and developed hypotheses were tested using structural equations modeling based on data collected from 218 customers. The results of the study confirm first, Threat appraisal on protection motivation theory derived a positive (+) effect on Attitude. Second, Coping appraisal on protection motivation theory derived effects on Attitude. Last, Attitude, Self-efficacy, Subjective norm on planned behavior theory derived a positive (+) effect on green purchase intention. The study provides On a theoretical level valuable insights into the protection motivation theory and planned behavior theory that are the base for judging the green product purchase intention in research related to Green product , which is increasing in recent years. but there is also a limitation that the is demographic limited.

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Framudella, Azarine Dwinta, Nurfika Asmaningrum, and Leersia Yusi Ratnawati. "Behaviour of Using Personal Protective Equipment by Midwives During Normal Childbirth Based on Health Belief Model and Social Capital at Maternity Clinics." Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research 7, no. 1 (September 5, 2024): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v7i1.3997.

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The implementation mechanism of normal childbirth care is inseparable from the potential risks to midwifery health disorders. One of the efforts to prevent health problems due to work is to use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). The behavior of using PPE by midwives is important to prevent work accidents or occupational diseases during normal childbirth assistance which can be reviewed from a person's health behavior. Theories that can describe health behaviors are the Health Belief Model and Social Capital. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the theory of Health Belief Model and Social Capital on the behavior of using PPE in midwives in normal childbirth care at the Surabaya City maternity clinic. The research design uses clinical observation with a cross sectional approach. The population consists of 80 midwives and the sample consisted of 66 respondents. All aspects of HBM and social capital have a sig > 0.05 which means that these aspects are related to the behavior of using PPE in midwives in normal childbirth care at the Surabaya City maternity clinic. All aspects of HBM and social capital have a sig of < 0.05 which means that these aspects affect the behavior of using PPE in midwives in normal childbirth care at the Surabaya City maternity clinic. The vulnerability aspect of HBM theory and the proactive action aspect of Social Capital theory significantly affect normal childbirth care.

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Zhang, Siyang, Minjuan Zhao, Qi Ni, and Yu Cai. "Modelling Farmers’ Watershed Ecological Protection Behaviour with the Value-Belief-Norm Theory: A Case Study of the Wei River Basin." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 5023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18095023.

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Encouraging farmers to protect their environment is of great significance in improving watershed ecological environments and promoting the sustainable development of the watershed economy. To explore the factors influencing farmers’ ecological protection behaviours in the river basin, we constructed a structural equation model to analyse the survey questionnaire responses of 719 farmers in the Wei River Basin, Shaanxi Province, China. The theoretical framework incorporated farmers’ watershed belonging and social capital into an extended value-belief-norm model. Robustness tests revealed that incorporating these variables was valid. Personality norms, watershed belonging, and social capital all had direct positive effects on farmers’ watershed ecological protection behaviour. Value orientation, environmental concern, consequences awareness, and responsibility attribution influenced the next variable in a causal chain and finally acted on watershed ecological protection behaviour indirectly through personality norms. Farmers’ watershed belonging and social capital positively impacted individual norm; through this, there was an indirect positive impact on their watershed ecological protection behaviour. Moreover, watershed belonging and social capital reinforced each other.

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Norman, L. R. "Predictors of consistent condom use: a hierarchical analysis of adults from Kenya, Tanzania and Trinidad." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203322301022.

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The two regions hardest hit by the HIV/AIDS epidemic are sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean. It is estimated that more than 28 million persons within these regions are currently living with HIV/AIDS. Therefore, it is imperative that more effective models of protective behaviour change be developed and implemented. Data from 4293 adults from Kenya, Tanzania and Trinidad who agreed to participate in the Voluntary Counseling and Testing Efficacy Study were examined employing hierarchical regression modelling. Only 19% reported consistent condom use with most recent sex partner. Factors associated with consistent condom use were relation to most recent sex partner, gender, study site, perceived difficulty in requesting condom use and actually making requests for condom use. Interventions that are grounded in theory and consider the relationship between the various independent variables along with the dependent variable may be more effective in promoting HIV protective behaviour change, such as consistent condom use, than current prevention efforts.

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Tina Odinakachi, Iirmdu, and Ronnie Donaldson. "Tourists’ Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Plateau State, Nigeria: An Empirical Evaluation Using Chaos Theory." Modern Geográfia 19, no. 4 (October 2024): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/mg.2024.19.04.03.

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The safety of tourists’ health when visiting any tourism business is critical in tourism management and development. By using chaos theory, this study aimed to understand how 408 tourists in Plateau State, Nigeria, behaved toward tourism-related businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Completed and retrieved responses were analyzed descriptively using an inductive method, following a pragmatic approach. The findings of this investigation are consistent with chaos theory. Results from our survey indicate that 93% of tourists took precautions. This suggests that in an otherwise random and chaotic period of the tourism crisis, self-organization brought order and new stability. With a mean score of 40%, safety and hygiene were ranked as the two main influencing factors that changed tourists’ actual behaviour during the pandemic. The alteration in behaviour might be attributed to tourists’ awareness of their risk of catching the COVID-19 virus when visiting tourist attractions. Empirical evidence shows that non-interactive restriction techniques had a significant impact on tourist behaviour. Thus, the impact of the pandemic on tourists’ protective behaviour continues to play a part in tourists’ behaviour during and after the pandemic, implying that the chaos theory approach might be used as a crisis management tool in the tourism industry.

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Kazemi, Sara, Fatemeh Zarei, Alireza Heidarnia, and Fatemeh Alhani. "Preventive Behaviors of Iranian Women Toward Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Perspective of Motivation Protection Theory." Journal of Education and Community Health 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jech.2206.

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Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are frequently unreported, representing implied public health concerns, especially for women and in more vulnerable communities. This study aimed to determine the STI preventive behavior of Iranian women and related factors in protection motivation theory (PMT). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on a convenience sample from 20 January to 21 March 2021 in Iran. Women who were 18-35 years old with marital status were eligible to participate (N=600). The collected variables included demographic characteristics and STI-related behaviors regarding constructs of PMT: knowledge, perceived vulnerability, perceived self-efficacy, and preventive intention. A Persian version of the Korean four-scale about STI preventive behaviors was used as the assessment tool, and one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests were used for analysis. Results: A significant difference was observed between knowledge, perceived vulnerability, perceived self-efficacy, and preventive intention with sociodemographic variables. STI-perceived vulnerability and STI-knowledge with mean scores of 62.37 and 42.52 were the highest and lowest perceived constructs of preventive behavior, respectively. STI knowledge of Iranian women was low, and STI-preventive self-efficacy was perceived as a positive predictor for STI protective behaviors. Conclusion: A theory-based educational intervention is highly recommended to improve STI-protective behaviors.

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Cismaru, Magdalena, Anne M. Lavack, Heather Hadjistavropoulos, and Kim D. Dorsch. "Understanding Health Behavior: An Integrated Model for Social Marketers." Social Marketing Quarterly 14, no. 2 (May 27, 2008): 2–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000802034663.

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Many effective social marketing campaigns seek to change health-related behavior by utilizing various health-protective behavioral theories. In this article, we review and integrate three such theories: protection motivation theory (PMT), the extended parallel process model (EPPM), and the transtheoretical model (TTM). We highlight how EPPM and TTM can be used to refine PMT by adding insight into the decision-making process involved when consumers consider whether or not to follow a particular recommended health behavior. Specifically, the development of an integrated PMT model can provide insight into the characteristics of people more or less likely to change, what happens when persuasion fails, and what can be done to increase persuasion. Developing an integrated PMT model opens new avenues of research that have the potential to increase our understanding of behavior and assist in creating more persuasive social marketing campaigns.

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Fitrijaningsih, Fitrijaningsih. "Community Acceptance of The Covid-19 Vaccination Based on Health Behavior Theory (Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior)." Muhammadiyah International Public Health and Medicine Proceeding 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 763–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53947/miphmp.v1i1.131.

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The availability and introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine as a new vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 are accompanied by challenges related to public acceptance from various circles. Vaccination is part of the main protective behavior against the COVID-19 pandemic. Identification of factors related to vaccine acceptance is needed to establish policies and formulate appropriate education for the community. This literature study was conducted by collecting data in the form of open access journals obtained from Google Scholar. The selection results determined that seven selected journals from abroad had compatibility between the topics and constructs in the Health Belief Model/HBM and Theory of Planned Behavior/TPB. More than 72% of respondents indicated their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. From the HBM point of view, individual perceptions of severity and susceptibility to COVID-19 have a positive correlation to vaccine acceptance along with perceived benefits. On the other hand, the negative correlation with vaccine acceptance arises due to public doubts regarding its side effects, efficacy, safety, and halalness. Subjective norm originating from policymakers has the most influential role on vaccine acceptance as a construct of PBT. HBM and TPB can be used as a tool to find out the motivations and obstacles that affect people's attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The right strategy in increasing awareness and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine needs to be done to maintain trust and reduce public doubts about the COVID-19 vaccine so that vaccination coverage can be achieved maximally to achieve herd immunity.

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Adunlin, G., H. Galadima, C. Cropp, and J. C. Cagle. "PNS21 Protection Motivation Theory in Predicting Intention to Engage in Protective Behaviors Against NOVEL Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19)." Value in Health 24 (June 2021): S176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2021.04.876.

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Ma, Ying, Xiaodong Guo, Weihuan Su, Yongxiang Feng, and Fang Han. "Dual-Path Effect of Mortality Salience Induced by COVID-19 on Food Safety Behavior in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 6100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106100.

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During the pandemic, the mortality salience of COVID-19 has affected everyone. The public is extremely sensitive to food safety, especially cold chain food and imported food. This research is based on the terror management theory, protective motivation theory, and self-construal theory. It proposes an integrated dual-path framework to explore the different mechanisms that mortality salience has on food safety behavior. The result of three experiments verified our conjectures. First, mortality salience positively affects individuals’ food safety behavior. More importantly, we found the dual-path mechanism that underlies the effect, that is, the mediating of self-protective motivation and prosocial motivation. In addition, different self-construals make the confirmed effect clear. These findings provide implications for the government to protect public food safety and health.

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Miller, Suzanne M., Yuichi Shoda, and Karen Hurley. "Applying cognitive-social theory to health-protective behavior: Breast self-examination in cancer screening." Psychological Bulletin 119, no. 1 (January 1996): 70–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.119.1.70.

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Tang, Chia-Chun, Hsi Chen, Shao-Yu Tsai, and Wei-Wen Wu. "Factors Associated With Levels of Public Engagement in Protective Behaviors During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: Causal-Comparative Study Based on the Health Belief Model." JMIR Human Factors 10 (December 19, 2023): e49687. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/49687.

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Background While the challenges of COVID-19 are still unfolding, the enhancement of protective behavior remains a top priority in global health care. However, current behavior-promoting strategies may be inefficient without first identifying the individuals with lower engagement in protective behavior and the associating factors. Objective This study aimed to identify individuals with and potential contributing factors to low engagement in protective behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This is a causal-comparative study. A theory-based web-based survey was used to investigate individuals’ protective behavior and potential associating factors. During June 2020, the distribution of the survey was targeted to 3 areas: Taiwan, Japan, and North America. Based on the theory of the health belief model (HBM), the survey collected participants’ various perceptions toward COVID-19 and a collection of protective behaviors. In addition to the descriptive analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Fisher exact and chi-square tests were used. Results A total of 384 responses were analyzed. More than half of the respondents lived in Taiwan, followed by Japan, then North America. The respondents were grouped into 3 clusters according to their engagement level in all protective behaviors. These 3 clusters were significantly different from each other in terms of the participants’ sex, residency, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues of action. Conclusions This study used an HBM-based questionnaire to assess protective behaviors against COVID-19 and the associated factors across multiple countries. The findings indicate significant differences in various HBM concepts among individuals with varying levels of behavioral engagement.

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Ye, He, Mastura Mahamed, and Sharil Nizam Shari. "Study on The Implementation Intention of Health Protection Behavior of College Students in Epidemic Situation of Infectious Diseases." Studies in Media and Communication 12, no. 3 (June 5, 2024): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v12i3.6700.

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From the perspective of social cognitive theory, this paper refines and integrates the theory of protective motivation, the theory of planned behavior and the individual and social environment factors in risk research, a comprehensive analytical framework was built to predict the implementation intention of public health behaviors. Through the investigation of the college students during the epidemic of Covid-19, we found that the willingness of the public to carry out health behaviors was influenced by two kinds of factors: external social environment and individual internal conditions. As far as the external environment is concerned, perceived normative influence of “Significant others” and informational influence from mass media can positively promote the implementation intention of health protection behavior. At the same time, media attention can also indirectly affect the public's willingness to carry out health behaviors through the mediating effects of self-efficacy and coping efficacy, respectively. As far as internal factors are concerned, self-efficacy is the most powerful direct factor to predict individuals' health behaviors. The existence of cognitive deficit and optimism bias results in the failure of the predictive power of the element of threat assessment on the willingness to carry out health behaviors, however, perceived severity can have a negative effect on health behavior intention through the mediation of the “Avoidance” concept. The study also found that the emotional response not only positively affected the intention to carry out healthy behaviors independently of the cognitive assessment process, but also played a positive moderating role between media attention and the intention to carry out healthy behaviors, however, improper risk concept may have a blocking effect on the implementation intention of health behavior.

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Park, Sung-Su, Won-Ick Song, and Byoung-Wook Ahn. "COVID-19 experiences and cruise booking behavior: Insights from YouTube viewers applying revised protection motivation theory." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 14, no. 3 (May 29, 2024): 405–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55493/5003.v14i3.5093.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between risk perceptions (crowding risk perception, health risk perception) and self-protective behavioral intentions and booking intention for COVID-19 using the theory of protection motivation previously verified in the study and to analyze the structural relationship between all variables. In particular, it was intended to investigate the specific impact relationship between COVID-19 risk perception, including crowding risk perception and health risk perception, and self-protective behavior and cruise booking intention. The survey was conducted on subscribers of travel YouTube channels with cruise video content, and the respondents actively responded by providing convenience store beverage coupons. In an online survey conducted for a month from January 15, 2023, 312 samples were collected from travelers who have experienced cruises in the past five years. SPSS and AMOS statistical programs were used, and first, frequency analysis and discriminant validity analysis were verified. In addition, the verification of structural relevance between variables was analyzed by the covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM). Demographic characteristics, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural model analysis verified the hypothesis. Based on the results of the analysis, this study presents basic evidence useful for establishing management strategies for cruise companies.

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Alhamad, Hamza, and Parastou Donyai. "The Validity of the Theory of Planned Behaviour for Understanding People’s Beliefs and Intentions toward Reusing Medicines." Pharmacy 9, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010058.

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Background: many factors can impact a person’s behaviour. When the behaviour is subject to prediction, these factors can include, for example, the perceived advantages and disadvantages of performing the behaviour, normative beliefs, and whether the behaviour is thought to be achievable. This paper examines intentions to engage in medicines reuse, i.e., to accept medicines that are returned unused to a pharmacy to be reused. The paper aims to outline the validity of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) for understanding people’s intentions to engage in medicines reuse by examining this against other long-standing health-related psychological theories of behavioural change. Thus, the Health Belief Model (HBM), Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), Trans-Theoretical Model of Health Behaviour Change (TTM/SoC), Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), and TPB are examined for their application in the study of medicines reuse. Discussion: the HBM, PMT, TTM/SoC, TRA, and TPB were assessed for their relevance to examining medicines reuse as a behaviour. The validity of the TPB was justified for the development of a Medication Reuse Questionnaire (MRQ) to explore people’s beliefs and intention toward reusing medicines. Conclusion: TPB has been widely used inside and outside of health-related research and it was found to have more accurately defined constructs, making it helpful in studying medicines reuse behaviour.

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Bui, Huynh Nguyen, and Phung Nam Phuong. "THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC RISK PERCEPTION ON STUDENTS' BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION TOWARDS RETURNING HOME FOR STUDYING." UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education 11, no. 1 (June 21, 2021): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47393/jshe.v11i1.964.

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Due to the COVID-19 crisis, it is more difficult for international students to complete their study abroad. There has been little discussion concerning international students' perspectives regarding their study plan during this health-related crisis. Based on the frameworks of risk perception theory and the extended Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study highlights returning home for studying as a health-protective behaviour stemming from international students' perceptions of COVID-19 risk. In other words, overseas students' behavioural intention is scrutinized through the lens of the risk perception. An online survey with random sampling method was administered to the Vietnamese students who were studying in the UK in February and March 2021. A total of 588 responses were collected for data analysis. The results reveal that international students' cognitive and affective risk perceptions are positively related to their attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control over returning home for studying. There also exists a significant influence of both cognitive and affective risk perceptions on the students’ behavioural intention. Attitude, subject norms, and perceived behavioural control are considered significant mediators between risk perception and behavioural intention.

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McCaul, Kevin D., Ann K. Sandgren, H. Katherine O'Neill, and Verlin B. Hinsz. "The Value of the Theory of Planned Behavior, Perceived Control, and Self-Efficacy Expectations for Predicting Health-Protective Behaviors." Basic and Applied Social Psychology 14, no. 2 (June 1993): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp1402_7.

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Yildiz, Ezgi, Betul Esra Cevik, and Nuran Guler. "Health Anxiety Level and Health-Promoting and Protective Behaviors of Nursing Students." Journal of Education and Research in Nursing 19, no. 4 (December 2, 2022): 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/jern.2022.36675.

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Norris, Emma, and Lynn Myers. "Determinants of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use in UK motorcyclists: Exploratory research applying an extended theory of planned behaviour." Accident Analysis & Prevention 60 (November 2013): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.09.002.

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Sayed, Samiha Hamdi, Mohammed Al-Mohaithef, and Wafaa Taha Elgzar. "Effect of Digital-Based Self-Learned Educational Intervention about COVID-19 Using Protection Motivation Theory on Non-Health Students’ Knowledge and Self-Protective Behaviors at Saudi Electronic University." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 8, 2022): 14626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214626.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disastrous impacts that impose the cultivation of knowledge and motivation of self-protection to foster disease containment. Aim: Evaluate the effect of digital self-learned educational intervention about COVID-19 using the protection motivation theory (PMT) on non-health students’ knowledge and self-protective behaviors at Saudi Electronic University (SEU). Methods: A quasi-experimental study was accomplished at three randomly chosen branches of SEU (Riyadh, Dammam, Jeddah) using a multistage sampling technique to conveniently select 219 students. An electronic self-administered questionnaire was used, which included three scales for assessing the students’ knowledge, self-protective behaviors, and the constructs of the PMT. The educational intervention was designed using four stages: need assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. A peer-reviewed digital educational content was developed after assessing the participants’ educational needs using the pretest. Then, distributed through their university emails. A weekly synchronous Zoom cloud meeting and daily key health messages were shared with them. Finally, the post-test was conducted after two months. Results: The mean participants’ age (SD) among the experimental group was 28.94 (6.719), and the control group was 27.80 (7.256), with a high female percentage (63.4%, 73.8%) and a previous history of direct contact with verified COVID-19 patients (78.6%, 69.2%), respectively. A significant positive mean change (p = 0.000) was detected in the total COVID-19 knowledge of the experimental group post-intervention, either when it was adjusted for the covariates effect of the control group (F1 = 630.547) or the pretest (F1 = 8.585) with a large effect size (η2 = 0.745, η2 = 0.268, respectively). The same was proved by the ANCOVA test for the total self-protective behaviors either when it adjusted for the covariates effect of the control group (F1 = 66.671, p = 0.000) or the pretest (F1 = 5.873, p = 0.020) with a large effect size (η2 = 0.236, η2 = 0.164, respectively). The ANCOVA test proved that post-intervention, all the PMT constructs (perceived threats, reward appraisal, efficacy appraisal, response cost, and protection intention) and the total PMT score were significantly improved (p = 0.000) among the experimental group either when adjusted for the covariates effect of the control group (F1 = 83.835) or the pretest (F1 = 11.658) with a large effect size (η2 = 0.280, η2 = 0.561, respectively). Conclusions: The digital PMT-based self-learned educational intervention effectively boosts non-health university students’ COVID-19 knowledge, protection motivation, and self-protective behaviors. Thus, PMT is highly praised as a basis for COVID-19-related educational intervention and, on similar occasions, future outbreaks.

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Rivis, Amanda, Paschal Sheeran, and Christopher J. Armitage. "Augmenting the theory of planned behaviour with the prototype/willingness model: Predictive validity of actor versus abstainer prototypes for adolescents' health-protective and health-risk intentions." British Journal of Health Psychology 11, no. 3 (September 2006): 483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/135910705x70327.

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Kim, Hyo Jung, and Hyehyun Hong. "Protective Health Behaviors during the COVID-19 Outbreak : Extending the Protection Motivation Theory and Testing the Role of Political Orientation." Korean Journal of Advertising and Public Relations 23, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 42–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.16914/kjapr.2021.23.2.42.

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Boyas, Javier Francisco, Jana L. Woodiwiss, and Vinayak K. Nahar. "Examining intentions to engage in sun protective behaviors among Latino day laborers: An application of the theory of planned behavior." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 3 (August 18, 2021): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.45.

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Background: The past two decades has revealed an unprecedented increasing incidence of skin cancer within the Latinx population. Although Latino day laborers (LDLs) are at heightened risk for developing skin cancer because of the outdoor work in which they engage, there is limited research examining their intentions to engage in sun protective behaviors (SPBs). Therefore, this study sought to assess the explanatory power of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to identify attitudinal, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control factors associated with intentions to engage in SPB among LDLs. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study consists of a non-random convenience,community-based, sample of 137 LDLs residing in Mississippi and Illinois. Data were collected using a self-report survey centered on health practices and sun-protective behaviors. Results: Findings revealed that five significant factors shaped intentions to engage in SPBs, including barriers to engaging in SPBs (β =.30, P<0.001), benefits of engaging in SPBs (β =.27,P<0.001), education (β=0.20, P<0.01), and acculturation (β=0.18, P≤0.05). The independent variables tested in the model accounted for 42% of the change in intentions to engage in SPBs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates TPB’s usefulness for predicting future intentions to engage in SPBs among LDLs. Moreover, the strongest factor associated with predicting intentions to engage in SPBs among LDLs was perceived behavioral control. Thus, since SPBs are malleable, emphasis is placed on implementing interventions for this population that promote intentions and address perceived behavioral control.

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Nerini, Amanda, Mirko Duradoni, Camilla Matera, Andrea Guazzini, Monica Paradisi, and Adriele Schembri. "Predictors of Vaccination Intentions and Behaviour during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 11 (November 19, 2023): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13110950.

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The present research aimed at understanding individuals’ vaccination intentions and protective behaviours against COVID-19 through two different studies. In Study 1 (N = 213, 73% women; mean age = 24.03) the Protection Motivation Theory model was tested considering the fear of COVID-19 as a possible mediator between threat appraisal (in terms of both health and social life) and intentions to get vaccinated when the vaccination was not yet available. Study 2 (N = 1111, 68.9% women; mean age = 38.33) was conducted when the vaccine became available for the entire population. Through this study, by adopting the 5C model of vaccine hesitancy as a theoretical framework, we aimed to understand how people who got vaccinated and the ones who did not differed, considering fear of vaccination, personality and vaccination hesitancy. In Study 1, social limitations, perceived severity and COVID-19 perceived vulnerability were significantly and positively related to fear of COVID-19. Contrary to what we expected, fear of COVID-19 was not a significant predictor of vaccination intention, which was predicted by both response efficacy and self-efficacy. In Study 2, in line with previous studies, vaccine hesitancy was negatively related to vaccination. More specifically, the social-oriented dimension of collective responsibility was the strongest predictor of effective behaviour. Our findings provide insights into the complexity of vaccine acceptance and emphasise the need for targeted interventions to promote vaccination and mitigate the spread of infectious diseases.

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Mandal, Anil Kumar. "Predicting Smokeless Tobacco Consumption Behavior of Adolescent Students Through Protection Motivation Theory." Education Quarterly 4, no. 1 (August 7, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jeqtu.v4i1.57242.

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Smokeless tobacco, a type of tobacco product that is consumed without burning, is detrimental to health but its consumption among youths of Nepal is increasing. In this regard, the main purpose of this paper is to predict SLT consumption behavior of students based on protection motivation theory (PMT), which is mostly used to study health related protective behaviors. For this study, descriptive research design was followed. Adolescent students of Class 9 and 10 of community schools of Siraha districts comprised the population of the study and the sample was selected by applying multiple-cluster sampling method. Although the sample size was 240, which was determined by using Yamane formula, only data of 225 students were analyzed due to discarding 15 incomplete questionnaires. Anonymous questionnaire was the tool of data collection that contained behavioral, socio-demographic and PMT scale sections. Data were collected through enumerators. The study found that threat appraisal was significant predictor of SLT consumption behavior of students and their intention to consume it. It is concluded that higher proportion of students consumes SLT that should be minimized by developing and implementing tobacco cessation policies and programs based on threats related to its consumption at local and national level.

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Marquart, Heike, and Julia Schuppan. "Promoting Sustainable Mobility: To What Extent Is “Health” Considered by Mobility App Studies? A Review and a Conceptual Framework." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010047.

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Promoting cycling and walking in cities improves individual health and wellbeing and, together with public transport, promotes societal sustainability patterns. Recently, smartphone apps informing and motivating sustainable mobility usage have increased. Current research has applied and investigated these apps; however, none have specifically considered mobility-related health components within mobility apps. The aim of this study is to examine the (potential) role of health-related information provided in mobility apps to influence mobility behavior. Following a systematic literature review of empirical studies applying mobility apps, this paper (1) investigates the studies and mobility apps regarding communicated information, strategies, and effects on mobility behavior and (2) explores how, and to what extent, health and its components are addressed. The reviewed studies focus on environmental information, especially CO2-emissions. Health is represented by physical activity or calories burned. The self-exposure to air pollution, noise, heat, traffic injuries or green spaces is rarely addressed. We propose a conceptual framework based on protection motivation theory to include health in mobility apps for sustainable mobility behavior change. Addressing people’s self-protective motivation could empower mobility app users. It might be a possible trigger for behavior change, leading towards healthy and sustainable mobility and thus, have individual and societal benefits.

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Xiao, Han, Shiyue Li, Xinguang Chen, Bin Yu, Mengting Gao, Hong Yan, and Chukwuemeka N. Okafor. "Protection Motivation Theory in Predicting Intention to Engage in Protective Behaviors against Schistosomiasis among Middle School Students in Rural China." PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8, no. 10 (October 16, 2014): e3246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003246.

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Indra Sakti, Dewi Trirahayu, and Amelia Oktrivina. "Understanding Revisit Intention During Covid-19: A Protection Motivation Theory Perspective." Jurnal Manajemen 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jm.v27i1.1014.

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This study aims to empirically investigate the influence of destination image, visitor image congruity, and perceived related health issues on revisit intention and the role of perceived risk as moderators in these relationships. We integrated the theory of self-congruity and protection motivation theory to understand post-pandemic travel behaviour further. Using a moderated regression analysis (MRA), data are collected from 402 students from two universities in Jakarta. The results from the study provide that destination image and image congruity are positively related to revisiting intention, while perceived risk has a negative direction. Moreover, perceived risk is essential in the relationship between destination image, image congruity, and revisit intention. These results extend a model for predicting travel behaviour in crisis/pandemic situations, corroborating the earlier studies, and providing practical implications for stakeholders and tourism area managers.

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Gehtmane-Hofmane, Ilona, Madara Tēraudkalna, Olga Rajevska, Ilze Koroļeva, and Ieva Reine. "KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND COVID-19-RELATED BEHAVIOR AMONG INDIVIDUALS AGED 50 AND OLDER IN LATVIA." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 28, 2021): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol4.6462.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020, due to its high infection rate, which caused thousands of deaths worldwide and expanding. The evolving outbreak of COVID-19 requires health-protective behavior that can alleviate the severity of an epidemic. Therefore, recognizing the underlying drivers of health-protective behavior against COVID-19 is urgently needed to form policy responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the individual-level underlying drivers affecting the formation of knowledge, attitudes, and COVID-19-related health-protective behavior among individuals aged 50 and older who are more vulnerable to complications of infection because of their age. The factors making individuals more vulnerable are also associated with the ability to access and understand information, make well-informed decisions, and take health-protective and promoting actions, especially when information itself is not timely, trusted, consistent, or actionable. The researchers used data from a representative population sample consisting of 50-80-year-old individuals, obtained from in-depth, semi-structured telephone interviews during July – August 2020, between the first and second waves of COVID-19. For conducting qualitative data analyses, the Grounded Theory (GT) approach for developing code structure was used.

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Amin, Kholidil, Purwanti Hadisiwi, and Jenny Ratna Suminar. "BAGAIMANA TERPAAN MEDIA UNTUK INFORMASI COVID-19 MEMENGARUHI NIAT MAHASISWA MENERAPKAN PERLINDUNGAN KESEHATAN SELAMA PANDEMI." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 11, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.11.2.112-125.

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Covid-19 is a disease caused by the coronavirus outbreak that first appeared in Wuhan, China, and spread worldwide, including Indonesia. This situation made WHO decides the world is in a state of the pandemic. During the pandemic, the Indonesian people, including students, received much information or deliberately sought information related to Covid-19 in the mass media or social media, which were assumed to shape their perceptions, attitudes, and behavior in protecting their health. Using the construct of the theory of planned behavior to investigate how media exposure to Covid-19 information in mass media or social media affects student health-protective behavior in the face of a pandemic, the present study surveyed 159 students in Indonesia who were selected using the convenience sampling technique. The present study analyzed the data by applying partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the model and path analysis. The result from the PLS-SEM shows that the use of mass media and social media to obtain information on Covid-19 significantly positively predicts the intention to implement student health protection behaviors mediated by perceived behavioral control (PBC) but not by attitude and subjective norm. The result also shows that PBC only significantly predicts behavioral intention.

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Jaafarzadeh Haghighifard, Nematollah, Mehdi Mojadam, Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush, Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, and Hossein Fallahzadeh. "Protective strategies among patients with cardiovascular diseases against dust phenomenon exposure in Ahvaz city based on the protection motivation theory." Environmental Health Engineering and Management 8, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ehem.2021.01.

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Background: Dust particles are one of the most important environmental problems that are threatening many countries, and patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a vulnerable group in this respect. The present study was conducted to examine the protective strategies among patients with CVDs against exposure to dust phenomenon based on the protection motivation theory (PMT). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 183 patients with CVDs who referred to health care centers in Ahvaz city, Khuzestan province, southwest of Iran. Participants were selected from patients with CVDs recruited for routine national Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease (IRA-PEN) through random cluster sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the PMT. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regressions by SPSS version 22. Results: The mean scores of the constructs of perceived response efficacy (4.06 ± 20.06) and sensitivity (19.89 ± 4.30) were higher than those of other constructs. Correlation coefficient test showed a significant positive correlation between risk behaviors of exposure to dust phenomenon and self-efficacy, response efficacy and protection motivation, but negatively correlated with cost response. Also, self-efficacy variable, type of health insurance, and protection motivation were the predictive indicators of behavior. Conclusion: The constructs of the PMT explained the risk reduction behaviors of exposure to dust phenomenon in patients with CVDs. Therefore, this theory can be used as a framework for designing educational programs to increase the motivation of patients with CVDs to adopt risk reduction behaviors for exposure to dust.

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Fischer, Jesse, Shailesh Kumar, and Simon Hatcher. "What Makes Psychiatry such a Stressful Profession? A Qualitative Study." Australasian Psychiatry 15, no. 5 (October 2007): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10398560701439699.

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Objective: We aimed to elucidate causative and protective factors associated with burnout in New Zealand psychiatrists, to identify signs and symptoms of the burnout syndrome, and to identify any difference in the perspectives of psychiatrists who scored high versus low on the emotional exhaustion (EE) subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Method: Twelve participants were randomly selected, six from each group of psychiatrists (high versus low EE). A face-to-face interview based on a semi-structured questionnaire was carried out with each participant. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcriptions were manually analysed by two independent reviewers using a grounded theory approach for qualitative analysis. Results: Major features of burnout were changes in appearance, behaviour and mood. Causes of burnout identified were external, internal and interpersonal factors, and changing work environment. Protective factors associated with burnout included supportive relationships, extracurricular activities, variety in one's work, a positive attitude towards one's work and high job satisfaction. Conclusions: A preliminary profile of the burnout syndrome was established and has a potential role in the prevention of burnout in psychiatrists. Causative factors associated with burnout were identified and supported previous findings. Novel factors protective against burnout were suggested and require further investigation. No differences were apparent between the two subgroups of psychiatrists (high versus low EE).

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Peng, Xue-Qing, Ni Yang, Chi Zhang, Anita Nyarkoa Walker, Yi-Zhan Shen, Hua Jiang, Sen Li, Hua You, Hua Zhou, and Li Wang. "Cognitive Factors of Weight Management During Pregnancy Among Chinese Women: A Study Applying Protective Motivation Theory." American Journal of Health Promotion 36, no. 4 (February 26, 2022): 612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08901171211056607.

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Purpose This study aimed to explore the psychological cognitive factors of weight management during pregnancy based on protective motivation theory (PMT). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Participants were recruited at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. Sample A sample of 533 pregnant women was enrolled in the study. Measures Measures was a self-design questionnaire, comprising of demographics, cognition of weight management during pregnancy, and weight management behavior during pregnancy. Analysis Structural equation modeling was used to examine the weight management’s cognitive factors, path relationships, and the influence of maternal characteristics. Results Self-efficacy cognition could promote gestational weight management behavior (b = .22, P < .001), but response cost cognition hindered gestational weight management (b = −.21, P < .001). Parity moderated pregnant women’s self-efficacy cognition (diff b = .24, P < .01), where the self-efficacy of nullipara promoted weight management behaviors, but the self-efficacy of multipara had no significant effect. Also, the response cost factors stably existed in primipara and multipara groups, with multipara, being positively affected by response efficacy ( b = .15, P < .05). Conclusion Findings highlight the need for psychological and cognitive interventions. Intervention strategies that focus on enabling women to correctly understand response cost and make an active response, improve self-efficacy cognition especially among primipara, and strengthening multipara’s response efficacy among pregnant are required.

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Al-Rasheed, Malak. "Protective Behavior against COVID-19 among the Public in Kuwait: An Examination of the Protection Motivation Theory, Trust in Government, and Sociodemographic Factors." Social Work in Public Health 35, no. 7 (September 1, 2020): 546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2020.1806171.

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Zimmer-Gembeck, Melanie J. "Young females’ sexual self-efficacy: associations with personal autonomy and the couple relationship." Sexual Health 10, no. 3 (2013): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12139.

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Background Theory suggests that young women’s own efficacy for sexual self-protective behaviour is greater when they are more advanced in their cognitive autonomy, and when they have romantic partners who support autonomy rather than engage in coercive behaviours and are warm and accepting rather than rejecting. Methods: A total of 199 women (aged 16 to 25 years) completed questionnaires measuring sexual self-efficacy, autonomy, partner communication and their partners’ behaviours. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modelling. Results: Correlations showed that young women reported more self-efficacy when they had greater autonomy and reported partners to be more supportive and warmer, and less coercive and rejecting. In structural equation modelling, the association of women’s autonomy with sexual self-efficacy was indirect via their perceived capacity to communicate with their partners. Associations of partner behaviours with sexual self-efficacy were both direct and indirect via the capacity to communicate. Conclusions: Sexual efficacy is enhanced among young women who report a greater general capacity to communicate openly with their partners and have partners who display more warmth and less rejecting behaviours. Young women are also higher in sexual self-efficacy when they report more cognitive autonomy and lower partner coercion, but these associations are completely indirect via females’ greater capacity to communicate openly. The findings provide support for sexual health programs focussing on decision-making skills, personal competence, partners’ behaviours and dyadic communication strategies.

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Hong, OiSaeng, Sally L. Lusk, and David L. Ronis. "Ethnic Differences in Predictors of Hearing Protection Behavior Between Black and White Workers." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 19, no. 1 (March 2005): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/rtnp.19.1.63.66339.

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The purpose of the study is to determine whether there are ethnic differences in predictors of hearing protection behavior between Black and White workers. The Predictors of Use of Hearing Protection Model (PUHPM) derived from Pender’s Health Promotion Model (Pender, 1987) was used as a conceptual model. A total of 2,119 (297 Blacks, 1,822 Whites) were included in the analysis. Internal consistency of instrument items was assessed using theta reliability estimates. Significant predictors of the use of hearing protective devices (HPDs) for Black and White workers and differences in predictors between the two groups were examined using multiple regression with interaction terms. Ethnic differences in scale or individual item scores were assessed using chi-square and t-test analyses. Different factors influenced hearing protection behavior among Black and White workers. The model was much less predictive of Blacks’ hearing protection behavior than Whites’ (R2 = .12 vs. .36). Since the PUHPM was not as effective in predicting hearing protection behavior for Blacks as for Whites, future studies are needed to expand the PUHPM through qualitative study and to develop culturally appropriate models to identify factors that better predict hearing protection behavior as a basis for developing effective interventions.

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Peyman, Nooshin, Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany, Mahnaz Nasehnezhad, Hassan Doosti, Christophe Chesneau, and Gordon Ferns. "Associating of mother’s health literacy with sunlight protective behaviors of teenage children: application of social cognitive theory." International Journal of Health Promotion and Education 57, no. 5 (May 28, 2019): 274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2019.1623706.

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Anderson, Kristina R., Kevin Naaman, Edna Omodior, Grace Karikari, Lori Pennington-Gray, and Oghenekaro Omodior. "Predicting Chikungunya disease personal protective behaviors: Results of a cross-sectional survey of US-Caribbean travelers." Health Promotion Perspectives 10, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/hpp.2020.08.

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Background: Incidents of vector-borne disease have recently tripled in the United States. Chikungunya disease is a particularly common disease in the Caribbean, posing a threat to international tourists. However, the relationship between psychological variables derived from the protection motivation theory (PMT), and adoption of protective behaviors against the disease, is uncertain. This study sought to identify the psychological predictors of travelers’ protective health behaviors, specifically (1) appropriate clothing use, and (2) indoor spatial repellent use. Methods: An online, retrospective survey of U.S. international travelers to Caribbean destinations measured the five constructs of the PMT in the context of Chikungunya disease: Perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, perceived response efficacy, perceived self-efficacy, and knowledge. Hierarchical logistic regression analyzed whether these five theoretical constructs predicted the two protective behaviors in respondents who met study criteria (n = 184). Results: Results suggest that the interaction between chikungunya knowledge and perceived chikungunya severity predicts both appropriate clothing use (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95, CI: 1.18-3.25, P=0.010) and indoor spatial repellent use (OR: 1.55, CI: 1.05-2.29, P=0.029). In the cases of appropriate clothing use, the interaction between perceived chikungunya severity and perceived vulnerability was also a significant predictor (OR: 9.67, CI:1.23-75.80, P=0.031). Additionally, indoor spatial repellent use was also predicted by the interaction of chikungunya knowledge and perceived vulnerability (OR: 1.88, CI:1.18-3.02, P=0.009). Conclusion: Two-pronged educational approaches may be most efficacious in increasing protective health behaviors. Such efforts could reduce incidents of chikungunya disease and other vectorborne diseases in travel destinations featuring high exposure risks.

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Saumer, Melanie, Marlis Stubenvoll, and Jörg Matthes. "Effects of Threatening Government Communication about COVID-19 on Health Protection Measures." MedienJournal 45, no. 3 (January 17, 2022): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/medienjournal.v45i3.2038.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest crises of the 21st century. This paper investigates the role of reactance-based perceptions of threatening government communication on (1) attitudinal outcomes regarding acceptance of the COVID-19 health protection measures and (2) behavioral outcomes regarding adherence to the COVID-19 measures. From a theoretical perspective, reactance theory suggests that subjectively detecting (a) one-sidedness, (b) fear appeals, (c) discreditation, and (d) overload in government communication might lead to less acceptance and adherence of the health protective measures. Using an Austrian two-wave panel survey (N = 911) collected in August and October 2020, the hereby proposed main effects were supported by applying a Structural Equation Model (SEM). This emphasizes the importance of sensitive government health communication in order to avoid reactant attitudes and behavior, since acceptance and adherence to the COVID-19 measures help combat this pandemic and can possibly decrease fatality rates. Further implications are discussed.

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