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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "HD maps"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 22 липня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "HD maps"

Elhousni, Mahdi, Yecheng Lyu, Ziming Zhang, and Xinming Huang. "Automatic Building and Labeling of HD Maps with Deep Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 08 (April 3, 2020): 13255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i08.7033.

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In a world where autonomous driving cars are becoming increasingly more common, creating an adequate infrastructure for this new technology is essential. This includes building and labeling high-definition (HD) maps accurately and efficiently. Today, the process of creating HD maps requires a lot of human input, which takes time and is prone to errors. In this paper, we propose a novel method capable of generating labelled HD maps from raw sensor data. We implemented and tested our methods on several urban scenarios using data collected from our test vehicle. The results show that the proposed deep learning based method can produce highly accurate HD maps. This approach speeds up the process of building and labeling HD maps, which can make meaningful contribution to the deployment of autonomous vehicles.

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Barsi, Arpad, Vivien Poto, Arpad Somogyi, Tamas Lovas, Viktor Tihanyi, and Zsolt Szalay. "Supporting autonomous vehicles by creating HD maps." Production Engineering Archives 16 (October 2017): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2017.16.09.

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Chiang, Kai-Wei, Hao-Yu Pai, Jhih-Cing Zeng, Meng-Lun Tsai, and Naser El-Sheimy. "Automated Modeling of Road Networks for High-Definition Maps in OpenDRIVE Format Using Mobile Mapping Measurements." Geomatics 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geomatics2020013.

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With growing attention being devoted to autonomous vehicle (AV) safety, people have recently attached importance to high-definition (HD) maps. HD maps are not limited by environmental factors and can limit AVs driving in certain lanes. HD maps provide accurate auxiliary information on factors such as road geometry, traffic sign placement, and traffic topology. Nowadays, most HD maps are made from point clouds data, and this data contains accurate 3D position information. However, the production costs associated with HD maps are substantial. This article proposes an algorithm that reduces a great amount of time and human resource. The algorithm is divided into three phases, lane lines’ extraction from point clouds, modelling lane lines with attributes, and building OpenDRIVE file. The algorithm extracts lane lines resting on intensity value within the range of roads. Next, it models lane lines by cubic spline interpolation with the result of first phase, and build the OpenDRIVE file following the announcement of OpenDRIVE. The final result is compared with the verified HD map from the mapping company to analyze the accuracy. The root mean square (RMSE) obtained were 0.069 and 0.079 m for 2D and 3D maps, respectively.

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Depelsenaire, Alexandra C. I., Katey Witham, Margaret Veitch, James W. Wells, Christopher D. Anderson, Jason D. Lickliter, Steve Rockman, et al. "Cellular responses at the application site of a high-density microarray patch delivering an influenza vaccine in a randomized, controlled phase I clinical trial." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): e0255282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255282.

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Microarray patches (MAPs) have the potential to be a safer, more acceptable, easier to use and more cost-effective method for administration of vaccines when compared to the needle and syringe. Since MAPs deliver vaccine to the dermis and epidermis, a degree of local immune response at the site of application is expected. In a phase 1 clinical trial (ACTRN 12618000112268), the Vaxxas high-density MAP (HD-MAP) was used to deliver a monovalent, split inactivated influenza virus vaccine into the skin. HD-MAP immunisation led to significantly enhanced humoral responses on day 8, 22 and 61 compared with IM injection of a quadrivalent commercial seasonal influenza vaccine (Afluria Quadrivalent®). Here, the aim was to analyse cellular responses to HD-MAPs in the skin of trial subjects, using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. HD-MAPs were coated with a split inactivated influenza virus vaccine (A/Singapore/GP1908/2015 [H1N1]), to deliver 5 μg haemagglutinin (HA) per HD-MAP. Three HD-MAPs were applied to the volar forearm (FA) of five healthy volunteers (to achieve the required 15 μg HA dose), whilst five control subjects received three uncoated HD-MAPs (placebo). Local skin response was recorded for over 61 days and haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres (HAI) were assessed on days 1, 4, 8, 22, and 61. Skin biopsies were taken before (day 1), and three days after HD-MAP application (day 4) and analysed by flow-cytometry and immunohistochemistry to compare local immune subset infiltration. HD-MAP vaccination with 15 μg HA resulted in significant HAI antibody titres compared to the placebo group. Application of uncoated placebo HD-MAPs resulted in mild erythema and oedema in most subjects, that resolved by day 4 in 80% of subjects. Active, HA-coated HD-MAP application resulted in stronger erythema responses on day 4, which resolved between days 22–61. Overall, these erythema responses were accompanied by an influx of immune cells in all subjects. Increased cell infiltration of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells as well as myeloid CD11b+ CD11c+ and non-myeloid CD11b- dendritic cells were observed in all subjects, but more pronounced in active HD-MAP groups. In contrast, CD19+/CD20+ B cell counts remained unchanged. Key limitations include the use of an influenza vaccine, to which the subjects may have had previous exposure. Different results might have been obtained with HD-MAPs inducing a primary immune response. In conclusion, influenza vaccine administered to the forearm (FA) using the HD-MAP was well-tolerated and induced a mild to moderate skin response with lymphocytic infiltrate at the site of application.

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Pai, H. Y., J. C. Zeng, M. L. Tsai, and K. W. Cheng. "AUTOMATED MODELLING OF ROAD FOR HIGH-DEFINITION MAPS WITH OPENDRIVE FORMAT UTILIZING MOBILE MAPPING MEASUREMENTS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2022 (May 30, 2022): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2022-263-2022.

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Abstract. High-definition maps (HD Maps) becomes a trend supporting autonomous vehicles (AVs) which provides accurate auxiliary information about geometries of road, such as center lines of lanes, geometries of roads, traffic signs, etc. It is not restricted by the severe environment, lack of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal, or torrential rain, for Avs; furthermore, the standard of HD Maps is defined as tens of centimeters positioning level. However, the production cost of HD Maps is enormous involving human resources and time. The general way of producing HD Maps is to vectorize the roads from point clouds to shapefiles and import them into Geographic Information System (GIS) software to generate HD Maps. In order to simplify this complicated process, this article purposes an algorithm to automated generate high-definition maps from road marks’ data which is extracted from point clouds. The methodology in this article is mainly dived into three steps, extraction of road marks, classify lane lines, and modelling OpenDRIVE files. The achieved 2D and 3D accuracies of proposed algorithm in first fields are about 0.069 m in 2D and 0.107 m, respectively.

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Fischer, Peter, Seyed Majid Azimi, Robert Roschlaub, and Thomas Krauß. "Towards HD Maps from Aerial Imagery: Robust Lane Marking Segmentation Using Country-Scale Imagery." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7120458.

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The upraise of autonomous driving technologies asks for maps characterized bya broad range of features and quality parameters, in contrast to traditional navigation maps which in most cases are enriched graph-based models. This paper tackles several uncertainties within the domain of HD Maps. The authors give an overview about the current state in extracting road features from aerial imagery for creating HD maps, before shifting the focus of the paper towards remote sensing technology. Possible data sources and their relevant parameters are listed. A random forest classifier is used, showing how these data can deliver HD Maps on a country-scale, meeting specific quality parameters.

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Liu, Rong, Jinling Wang, and Bingqi Zhang. "High Definition Map for Automated Driving: Overview and Analysis." Journal of Navigation 73, no. 2 (August 27, 2019): 324–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463319000638.

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As one of the key enabling technologies for automated driving, High Definition (HD) Maps have become a major research focus in recent years. While increasing research effort has been directed toward HD Map development, a comprehensive review of the overall conceptual framework and development status is still lacking. In this study, we start with a brief review of the highlights of navigation map history, and then present an extensive literature review of HD Map development for automated driving, focusing on HD Map structure, functionalities, and accuracy requirements as well as standardisation aspects. In addition, this study conducts an analysis of HD Map-based vehicle localisation. The numerical results demonstrate the potential capabilities of HD Maps. Some recommendations for further investigation are made.

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Tsushima, F., N. Kishimoto, Y. Okada, and W. Che. "CREATION OF HIGH DEFINITION MAP FOR AUTONOMOUS DRIVING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 25, 2020): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-415-2020.

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Abstract. High Definition Map (HD Map) is one of the essential components for autonomous driving systems. The HD Map helps localization, detection, prediction and planning of autonomous driving cars in combination with GNSS and IMU sensors. A lot of map providers and major car manufactures have been trying the development of efficient ways to create and update HD Maps with centimeter-level precision. However, there are no open standard ways well-established to produce HD Map at the present time. Since 2013, we have been being engaged in the research projects and actual production projects on the creation of HD Maps. This paper introduces practical knowledge on five key steps of our large-scale production lines for HD Map creation, which are 1) Mobile Mapping System (MMS) survey, 2) 3D plotting, 3) Feature attributes editing and road network topology building, 4) Format conversion and 5) Quality assurance.

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Zeng, J. C., and K. W. Chiang. "THE ASSESSMENT OF CURVED CENTERLINE GENERATION IN HDMAPS BASED ON POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2020 (August 6, 2020): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2020-285-2020.

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Abstract. Over the decades, autonomous driving technology has attracted a lot of attention and is under rapid development. However, it still suffers from inadequate accuracy in a certain area, such as the urban area, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) hostile area, due to the multipath interference or Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) reception. In order to realize fully autonomous applications, High Definition Maps (HD Maps) become extra assisted information for autonomous vehicles to improve road safety in recent years. Compared with the conventional navigation maps, the accuracy requirement in HD Maps, which is 20 cm in the horizontal direction and 30 cm in 3D space, is considerably higher than the conventional one. Additionally, HD Maps consist of rich and high accurate road traffic information and road elements. For the requirement of high accuracy, conducting a Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) system is an appropriate method to collect the geospatial data accurately and efficiently. Nowadays, digital vector maps are constructed by digitalizing manually on the collected data. However, the manual process spends a lot of manpower and is not efficient and practical for a large field. Therefore, this paper proposes to automatically construct the crucial road elements, such as road edge, lane line, and centerline, to generate the HD Maps based on point clouds collected by the MMS from the surveying company. The RMSEs in the horizontal direction of the road edge, lane line, and centerline are all lower than 30 cm in 3D space.

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Neff, James E. "Chromospheric Surface Structures on EI Eridani and HD 199178." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 130 (1991): 330–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100079859.

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Several groups at this meeting are presenting maps of the spatial distribution of either brightness or effective temperature in the photospheres of rapidly-rotating, late-type stars. It is generally believed that structure seen in these maps traces the magnetic topology, in analogy with the Sun. We expect the structure of the outer atmospheres (i.e., chromosphere and corona) of these stars to be even more directly tied to the magnetic topology; the magnetic structure is three-dimensional. In order to probe the radial dimension of stellar atmospheres, we need to combine maps of the spatial distribution of emission from chromospheres and coronae with these detailed photospheric maps.Along with collaborators at Armagh, Catania, Boulder, Paris, Helsinki, and Stony Brook, I have been obtaining high-dispersion ultraviolet spectra of several rapidly-rotating, late-type stars using the IUE spacecraft. I discuss results for two stars, El Eridani and HD 199178, for which photospheric maps are presented elsewhere at this conference.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "HD maps"

Garcia, E. Victor, Thayne Currie, Olivier Guyon, Keivan G. Stassun, Nemanja Jovanovic, Julien Lozi, Tomoyuki Kudo, et al. "SCExAO AND GPI Y JH BAND PHOTOMETRY AND INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY OF THE YOUNG BROWN DWARF COMPANION TO HD 1160." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623097.

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We present high signal-to-noise ratio, precise Y JH photometry and Y band (0.957-1.120 mu m) spectroscopy of HD 1160 B, a young substellar companion discovered from the Gemini NICI Planet Finding Campaign using the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics instrument and the Gemini Planet Imager. HD 1160 B has typical mid-M dwarf-like infrared colors and a spectral type of M5.5(-0.5)(+1.0), where the blue edge of our Y band spectrum rules out earlier spectral types. Atmospheric modeling suggests HD 1160 B has an effective temperature of 3000-3100 K, a surface gravity of log g - 4-4.5, a radius of. 1.55 +/- 0.10 R-J, and a luminosity of log L/L circle dot - 2.76 +/- 0.05. Neither the primary's Hertzspring-Russell diagram position nor atmospheric modeling of HD 1160 B show evidence for a subsolar metallicity. Interpretation of the HD 1160 B spectroscopy depends on which stellar system components are used to estimate the age. Considering HD 1160 A, B and C jointly, we derive an age of 80-125 Myr, implying that HD 1160 B straddles the hydrogen-burning limit (70-90 M-J) If we consider HD 1160 A alone, younger ages (20-125 Myr) and a brown dwarf-like mass (35-90 M-J) are possible. Interferometric measurements of the primary, a precise Gaia parallax, and moderate-resolution spectroscopy can better constrain the system's age and how HD 1160 B fits within the context of (sub) stellar evolution.

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Голич, Наталія Василівна. "Адаптивні стратегії розвитку підприємств малого бізнесу харчової промисловості в умовах децентралізації". Diss., Тернопільський національний технічний університет ім. Івана Пулюя, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/35047.

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The thesis deals with the research, analysis, substantiation of theoretical and methodical provisions, definition and development of scientific and methodological approaches, and practical recommendations on the rational implementation of adaptive development strategies of small food business enterprises in the conditions of decentralization. The scientific generalization of the principles of adaptive development strategies formation is carried out and new types of management strategies in the process of adaptive changes are determined. The thesis examines scientific approaches to the definition of "small business", which focuses on the implementation of entrepreneurial activity, formed and developed based on business ideas proposed by the entrepreneur within the established legal standards of the state. The evolution of small business development in Ukraine is characterized, based on which the normative-legal support of the formation of this sector of the economy is analyzed. The main measures to support small businesses in the stages of exit from the COVID-19 pandemic are outlined, highlighting the main stabilizing areas of development of small businesses and identifying the features of their functioning in the market, adapted to new conditions.
Дисертація присвячена дослідженню, аналізу, обґрунтуванню теоретико-методичних положень та визначенню й розробленню науковометодологічних підходів і практичних рекомендацій щодо раціональної імплементації адаптивних стратегій розвитку підприємств малого бізнесу харчової промисловості в умовах децентралізації. Здійснено наукове узагальнення засад формування адаптивних стратегій розвитку та визначено нові види стратегій управління в процесі адаптаційних змін. У роботі досліджено наукові підходи до визначення поняття «малий бізнес», в якому зосереджено увагу на процесі реалізації підприємницької діяльності, що формується та розвивається на основі бізнес-ідеї, запропонованої підприємцем у межах встановлених нормативно-правових стандартів з боку держави. Охарактеризовано еволюцію розвитку малого бізнесу в Україні, на основі чого проаналізовано нормативно-правове забезпечення формування цього сектору економіки. Окреслено основні заходи підтримки малого бізнесу на етапах виходу з пандемії COVID-19 із виділенням основних стабілізуючих напрямів розвитку суб’єктів малого підприємництва та визначенні особливостей їх функціонування на ринку, адаптованих до нових умов

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Camarda, Federico. "Fusion de données multi-capteurs pour la détection des bords de voie appliquée au véhicule autonome." Thesis, Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2673.

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La perception et la compréhension correcte de la scène routière sont cruciales pour toute application de conduite assistée et automatisée. Afin de garantir la sécurité du passager et des autres usagers de la route, la planification et la navigation doivent être effectuées sur la base d’une représentation fiable de l’environnement. Les données multi-capteurs et les informations préalables sont utilisées pour construire cette représentation qui intègre l’identification des usagers de la route et de la structure de la route. Pour cette dernière, l’accent est mis sur l’espace de conduite et la répartition en voies. Sur les autoroutes, les rues urbaines et plus généralement sur l’ensemble du réseau routier, l’espace carrossable est organisé en couloirs orientes qui permettent une navigation plus sure et prévisible pour tous. Dans le cadre du développement des véhicules intelligents, l’identification de la répartition des voies et la construction d’une représentation précise de la route constituent la tache de détection des limites des voies. En fonction des spécificités du système automatise cible, les constructeurs automobiles intègrent dans les véhicules actuellement commercialises des solutions de détection des voies prêtes à l’emploi provenant de fournisseurs Tier-1 et comprenant généralement des capteurs intelligents simples et bases sur la vision. Ces solutions peuvent ne pas être adéquates dans les systèmes hautement automatisés où le conducteur est autorisé à détourner son attention de la tache de conduite pour devenir un passager. Cette thèse aborde le problème de l’identification des limites de voies en s’appuyant sur la fusion multi-capteurs des données des caméras intelligentes (en particulier, les cameras frontales et AVM) et des cartes HD. Dans la première partie, une modélisation appropriée pour les mesures des capteurs intelligents, indépendante de la nature du capteur, est proposée. Les détections incertaines des marquages, des barrières et d’autres éléments de la route contribuent au suivi des limites des voies environnantes à l’aide d’un nouveau modèle de splines de clothoides. La deuxième partie se concentre sur l’intégration d’informations préalables provenant de cartes numériques. Comme pour la modélisation des capteurs intelligents, les incertitudes liées à l’utilisation des fournisseurs de cartes ont été prises en compte pour aider à l’estimation des limites de la voie. Pour tester les approches proposées, un ensemble sur mesure de données routières a été enregistré en utilisant à la fois des capteurs intelligents disponibles dans le commerce et des cartes HD live stream. Les solutions de suivi validées et tunées sont ensuite intégrées dans des expérimentations en boucle fermée sur un véhicule prototype Renault de niveau 3 d’automatisation SAE
Perception and correct understanding of the road scene is crucial for any application of assisted and automated driving. In order to guarantee safety of the passenger and other road users, planning and navigation must be made on the basis of a reliable environment representation. Multi-sensor data and prior information is used to build this representation which incorporates identification of road users and road structure. For the latter, the focus is put on the drivablespace and lane repartition. On highways, urban streets and generally all over the road network, the drivable space is organized in oriented corridors which enablesafer and predictable navigation for everyone. In the development of intelligentvehicles, identifying the lane repartition and building an accurate road representation outlines the lane boundaries detection task. Depending on the specifics of the target automated system, car manufacturers integrate in currently commercialized vehicles ready-to-use lane detection solutions from Tier-1 suppliers generally featuring single and vision-based smart sensors. Such solutions may not be adequate in highly automated systems where the driver is allowed to divert their attention from the driving task and become passenger. This thesis addresses the problem of lane boundaries identification relying on multi-sensor fusion of smart camera data (specifically, frontal and AVM cameras) and HD-maps. In the first part, an appropriate modeling for smart sensor measurements which is independent from the sensor nature is proposed. Uncertain detections of markings, barriers and other road elements contribute to the tracking of the surrounding lane boundaries using a novel clothoid-spline model. The second part focuses on the integration of prior information coming from digital maps. Similarly to the modeling of smart sensors, the involved uncertainties in the usage of map-providers have been taken into account to support the lane boundaries estimation. For the testing of the proposed approaches, a custom dataset of road data has been recorded using both off-the-shelf smart sensors and live streamed HD-maps. Validated and tuned tracking solutions are then integrated in close-loop experimentations on Renault prototype vehicle of SAE Level 3 of automation
La percezione e la corretta comprensione della scena stradale e fondamentale per qualsiasi applicazione di guida assistita e automatizzata. Per garantire la sicurezza del passeggero e degli altri utenti della strada, la pianificazione e la navigazione devono essere effettuate sulla base di una rappresentazione affidabile dell’ambiente. Dati di origine multi-sensore e informazioni disponibili a priori sono utilizzati per costruire questa rappresentazione che incorpora l’identificazione degli utenti della strada e la struttura della strada stessa. Per quest’ultima, l’attenzione e posta sullo spazio percorribile e sulla ripartizione in corsie. Sulle autostrade, le strade urbane e in generale su tutta la rete stradale, lo spazio percorribile e organizzato in corridoi orientati che permettono una navigazione piu sicura e prevedibile per tutti. Nello sviluppo di veicoli intelligenti, l’identificazione della ripartizione in corsie e la costruzione di una rappresentazione accurata della strada delinea il compito di rilevamento dei confini delle corsie o lane boundaries detection. A seconda delle specifiche del sistema automatizzato di destinazione, le case automobilistiche integrano nei veicoli attualmente commercializzati soluzioni di rilevamento di corsia pronte all’uso da fornitori Tier-1, generalmente composte di singoli sensori intelligenti e basate sulla visione computerizzata. Tali soluzioni potrebbero non essere adeguate in sistemi altamente automatizzati dove al guidatore e permesso di distogliere l’attenzione dal compito di guida e di diventare passeggero. Questa tesi di dottorato affronta il problema dell’identificazione dei limiti di corsia basandosi sulla fusione multi-sensore di dati provenienti da telecamere intelligenti (in particolare, telecamere frontali e AVM) e mappe HD. Nella prima parte, viene proposta una modellazione appropriata per le misure dei sensori intelligenti che e indipendente dalla natura del sensore. I rilevamenti incerti di marcature, barriere e altri elementi stradali contribuiscono alla stima dei limiti delle corsie circostanti utilizzando un nuovo modello di spline di clotoidi. La seconda parte si concentra sull’integrazione di informazioni provenienti da mappe digitali. Analogamente alla modellazione dei sensori intelligenti, le incertezze coinvolte nell’uso di map-providers sono state prese in considerazione per supportare l’identificazione dei limiti di corsia. Per testare gli approcci proposti, e stato registrato un dataset personalizzato di dati stradali utilizzando sia sensori intelligenti off-the-shelf che mappe HD in live streaming. Le soluzioni di tracking convalidate e correttamente regolate sono poi integrate in sperimentazioni a circuito chiuso su un veicolo prototipo Renault di livello 3 di automazione SAE

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Pei-ChingHsu and 徐珮晴. "An Automotive-grade INS/HD Maps/Odometer/GNSS Integration Scheme for Lane-level Navigation Application in Urban Area." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8t72q7.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立成功大學
測量及空間資訊學系
107
Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) technology is increasingly expanding recently, which primary core is to get accurate location information of vehicles. Positioning and Orientation System (POS), which integrates Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Inertial Navigation System (INS), is widely used to complete outdoor navigation mission. However, GNSS positioning is sensitively affected by satellite shielding and signal reflection by buildings or other obstacles in urban canyon, which cause multipath interference and Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) reception. The degraded GNSS would affect the performance of POS after integration process. In addition, the error model of those influences is significantly varied with surroundings and cannot be reduced entirely by physical or mathematical methods. This research utilizes the sophisticated Mobile Mapping System (MMS) to establish the High-Definition Maps (HD Maps), which is the new component in self-driving technology, as reference information for vehicular navigation process. The high precision maps provide information such as the horizontal position of centerline of lane, height value, road network connection, and road curvature, etc. First, the proposed HD maps searching mechanism for selecting the information from Autoware map format. Next, the HD maps aided GNSS optimization scheme can remove or mitigate the error pseudorange measurements and positions due to multipath and NLOS reception, then feedback to navigation process by height constraints system, which can significantly improve the accuracy in both horizontal and vertical direction. Last, the proposed INS/HD maps/Odometer/GNSS integration scheme applies the Extended Kalman filter (EKF) in Loosely-Coupled (LC) architecture to obtain seamless navigation states, which the optimized GNSS can provide reliable update measurements. Moreover, the horizontal position, height, and heading update process derived from HD maps are applied to improve the overall performance. The experiment utilizes automotive-grade GPS/Galileo/QZSS L1/L5 receiver in GNSS-hostile urban environments. Besides, the code-based differential GNSS (DGNSS) positioning is implemented with HD maps aiding information. Then, the tactical-grade Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), which most HAD vehicular navigation applies recently, is applied in the proposed integration scheme. The results in dense urban area indicate that the INS/HD maps/Odometer/GNSS integration scheme can achieve 1.5 meters in the horizontal direction and less than half a meter in the vertical direction in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The lane-level maps searching correct rate is more than 93%, which can provide credible reference most of the time. On account of this research, using HD maps as reference information in vehicular navigation process can provide a better performance, which makes ADAS driving more robust and feasible in urban area.

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García, Muñoz Antonio. "Airglow on Mars : model predictions for the O2 IR atmospheric band at 1.27 [micrometers], the OH meinel bands and the OH A-X band system ; Physical and chemical aeronomy of HD 209458b /." 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR19846.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Earth and Space Science.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-226). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR19846

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Villarreal, D'Angelo Carolina Susana. "Estudio numérico de la interacción entre vientos estelares y planetarios." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/4129.

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tesis (doctor en astronomía)--universidad nacional de córdoba, facultad de matemática, astronomía, física y computación, 2016.
en esta tesis se estudió, mediante simulaciones numéricas (hidrodinámicas y magnetohidrodinámicas), el escape atmosférico del exoplaneta hd 209458b y su interacción con el viento y la radiación estelar. los resultados numéricos se comparan con el rasgo más distintivo de este sistema, las observaciones de tránsito en la línea de emisión ly-α. las mismas han sido exhaustivamente estudiadas y analizadas, confirmando la presencia de material neutro escapando del planeta. para poder incluir la presencia de los campos magnéticos en los modelos, fue necesario adaptar el código numérico con el fin de resolver las ecuaciones de la mhd. todos los modelos numéricos tienen en cuenta la gravedad del planeta y la estrella, la presión de radiación y los procesos radiativos involucrados. como resultado principal, se logró restringir el valor de la tasa de pérdida de masa planetaria y los parámetros del viento estelar.
in this thesis i studied, by means of numerical simulations (hydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics), the atmospheric escape of hd 209458b and his interaction with the stellar wind and radiation. the numerical results are compared with the most distinguished feature of this planetary system, the transits observations of the stellar emision lyα line. this line have been extensively studied and analyzed, confirming the presence of neutral material escaping from the planet. in order to include in the models the presence of magnetic fields, the numerical code was adapted to resolve the mhd equations. all the numerical models take into account the gravity of the planet and the star, the radiation pressure and the radiative process involved. as a main result, it was possible to constrain the planetary mass loss rate and the stellar wind parameters.

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Частини книг з теми "HD maps"

Stannartz, Niklas, Mario Theers, Marc Sons, Adalberto Llarena, Markus Kuhn, Oliver Maria Kind, and Torsten Bertram. "Efficient Localization on Highways Employing Public HD Maps and Series-Production Sensors." In Proceedings, 395–409. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33466-6_28.

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Chiang, Kai Wei, Guang-Je Tsai, and Jhih Cing Zeng. "Mobile Mapping Technologies." In Urban Informatics, 439–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_25.

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AbstractThis chapter introduces the historic development as well as the latest progress of mobile mapping systems. First, mobile mapping technologies, including the introduction of positioning and mapping sensors, and how they can be integrated together, are briefly reviewed. Then the development of land-based, aerial, marine, and mobile portable mapping platforms is presented. The latest progress in mobile-mapping technologies is further discussed, along with sensor fusion schemes, seamless indoor and outdoor mapping strategies, and disaster response applications. In addition, this chapter explores future and potential applications, such as high-definition (HD) maps and autonomous mapping with autonomous systems.

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Hillier, D. J., P. J. McGregor, and A. R. Hyland. "HD 316285: An Extreme P Cygni Star." In Mass Outflows from Stars and Galactic Nuclei, 215–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2941-8_19.

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North, P., and S. Paltani. "HD 37151: A New “Slowly Pulsating B Star”." In Pulsation, Rotation and Mass Loss in Early-Type Stars, 41–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1030-3_14.

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Fullerton, A. W., D. R. Gies, and C. T. Bolton. "Photospheric and Circumstellar Variability of the Rapidly Rotating O Star HD 93521." In Pulsation, Rotation and Mass Loss in Early-Type Stars, 114–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1030-3_35.

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Mathys, G. "The He-Strong Star HD 96446: Oblique Rotator or Pulsating Magnetic Variable?" In Pulsation, Rotation and Mass Loss in Early-Type Stars, 169–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1030-3_45.

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Hubrig, S., and G. Mathys. "Mass Loss, Magnetic Field and Chemical Inhomogeneities in the He-Weak Star HD 21699." In Pulsation, Rotation and Mass Loss in Early-Type Stars, 167–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1030-3_44.

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Beskrovnaya, N. G., M. A. Pogodin, A. G. Scherbakov, and A. E. Tarasov. "Profile Variability of Hα in the B3e Herbig Star HD 200775 as Indication of Matter Infall and Inhomogeneous Stellar Wind." In Pulsation, Rotation and Mass Loss in Early-Type Stars, 389–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1030-3_112.

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Beringer, N. "Extending the sensor range and the Environment Model by usage of HD maps." In ELIV-MarketPlace 2018, 145–48. VDI Verlag, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023389-145.

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"The EM in Doping Superlattices of HD Non-Parabolic Semiconductors." In Quantum Effects, Heavy Doping, and the Effective Mass, 139–68. World Scientific, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813146525_0002.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "HD maps"

Chen, Xin. "HD live maps for automated driving." In SIGSPATIAL '18: 26th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3274895.3284782.

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Pishehvari, Ahmad, Markus Stefer, and Betnd Tibken. "Robust Range-Doppler Registration with HD Maps." In 2020 5th International Conference on Control and Robotics Engineering (ICCRE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccre49379.2020.9096265.

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Yan, Chao, Chao Zheng, Chao Gao, Wei Yu, Yuzhan Cai, and Changjie Ma. "Lane Information Perception Network for HD Maps." In 2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294666.

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Engel, Nico, Vasileios Belagiannis, and Klaus Dietmayer. "Attention-based Vehicle Self-Localization with HD Feature Maps." In 2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564726.

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Ma, Wei-Chiu, Raquel Urtasun, Ignacio Tartavull, Ioan Andrei Barsan, Shenlong Wang, Min Bai, Gellert Mattyus, Namdar Homayounfar, Shrinidhi Kowshika Lakshmikanth, and Andrei Pokrovsky. "Exploiting Sparse Semantic HD Maps for Self-Driving Vehicle Localization." In 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros40897.2019.8968122.

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TAS, Muhammed Oguz, Hasan Serhan YAVUZ, and Ahmet YAZICI. "Updating HD-Maps for Autonomous Transfer Vehicles in Smart Factories." In 2018 6th International Conference on Control Engineering & Information Technology (CEIT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceit.2018.8751934.

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Gao, Jiyang, Chen Sun, Hang Zhao, Yi Shen, Dragomir Anguelov, Congcong Li, and Cordelia Schmid. "VectorNet: Encoding HD Maps and Agent Dynamics From Vectorized Representation." In 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.01154.

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Zhou, Yiyang, Yuichi Takeda, Masayoshi Tomizuka, and Wei Zhan. "Automatic Construction of Lane-level HD Maps for Urban Scenes." In 2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros51168.2021.9636205.

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Da, Fang, and Yu Zhang. "Path-Aware Graph Attention for HD Maps in Motion Prediction." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra46639.2022.9812100.

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Pannen, David, Martin Liebner, Wolfgang Hempel, and Wolfram Burgard. "How to Keep HD Maps for Automated Driving Up To Date." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra40945.2020.9197419.

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Звіти організацій з теми "HD maps"

Unsettled Issues on HD Mapping Technology for Autonomous Driving and ADAS. SAE International, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021013.

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Current advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving systems (ADS) rely on high-definition (HD) maps to enable a range of features and functions. These maps can be viewed as an additional sensor from an ADAS or ADS perspective as they impact overall system confidence, reduce system computational resource needs, help improve comfort and convenience, and ultimately contribute to system safety. However, HD mapping technology presents multiple challenges to the automotive industry. Unsettled Issues on HD Mapping Technology for Autonomous Driving and ADAS identifies the current unsettled issues that need to be addressed to reach the full potential of HD maps for ADAS and ADS technology and suggests some possible solutions for initial map creation, map change detection and updates, and map safety levels.

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