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Статті в журналах з теми "HBTD"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 27 липня 2024

Оновлено: 28 липня 2024

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1

Aguilera, Gabriela, Constanza Cárcamo, Sandra Soto-Alarcón, and Martin Gotteland. "Improvement in Lactose Tolerance in Hypolactasic Subjects Consuming Ice Creams with High or Low Concentrations of Bifidobacterium bifidum 900791." Foods 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2021): 2468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102468.

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Although Bifidobacterium bifidum expresses lactase activity, no clinical trials have determined its impact on lactose-intolerant subjects. This study evaluated whether acute and chronic ingestion of ice creams containing B. bifidum 900791 at high (107 CFU/g) or low (105 CFU/g) concentrations improved lactose tolerance in hypolactasic subjects. Fifty subjects were selected based on a positive lactose (20 g) hydrogen breath test (HBT0) and the presence of digestive symptoms. The recruited subjects were required to perform breath tests after the acute ingestion of: (1) ice cream containing 20 g of lactose without a probiotic (HBT1); (2) the same ice cream, accompanied by a lactase tablet (HBT2); (3) the same ice cream containing the low or high dose of probiotic (HBT3-LD and HBT3-HD); and (4) after the chronic consumption of the ice cream without (placebo) or with the low concentration of probiotic for 1 month (HBT4). Significant decreases in H2 excretion during HBT2 and HBT3-HD as well as digestive symptoms during HBT2, HBT3-HD and HBT3-LD were observed compared to HBT0 and HBT1, while the orocecal transit time increased. Chronic consumption of the probiotic ice cream did not enhance lactose tolerance compared to the placebo. These results suggest that the acute ingestion of ice cream containing high or low concentrations of B. bifidum 900791 improves lactose tolerance in hypolactasic subjects.

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2

CASTELL-PEREZ, M. E., J. F. STEFFE, and R. G. MORGAN. "ADAPTATION OF A BROOKFIELD (HBTD) VISCOMETER FOR MIXER VISCOMETRY STUDIES." Journal of Texture Studies 18, no. 4 (December 1987): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.1987.tb00912.x.

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3

Jacob, Esan Ayodele. "Determination of Red Cell Indices and Sero-prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infectious Diseases among Stable Paediatric Sickle Cell Patients." Journal of Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 8, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100027.

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Red blood cell indices values were lower compared with control subjects, nature has it that SCD patients in the steady state have adapted their body system to this anaemic state and live healthy. Blood transfusion does not significantly increase the seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible infections in our clinically stable SCD participants.

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4

Tzachanis, Dimitrios. "Mixed Phenotypic Acute Leukemia." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 1, no. 1 (November 10, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100001.

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5

N, Selenti. "Genetic Diagnosis of Fanconi Anemia." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 2, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100002.

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6

P Murray, Nigel. "Anticoagulation for Chronic Non Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly: A Review." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 2, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100003.

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7

P Murray, Nigel. "Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia: A Mini-Review." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 2, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100004.

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8

Моmot, Аndrey Pavlovich. "The Dynamics of the Hemostatic Parameters in Physiological Pregnancy and After Delivery." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 1 (September 7, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100005.

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9

Emanuele, Martin. "The Pharmacologic Rationale Supporting the Potential Use of Vepoloxamer for the Treatment of Acute Chest Syndrome in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 1 (September 7, 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100006.

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10

AJ, Esan. "Prevalence and Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Anemic Hospitalized Patients in Osogbo, Nigeria." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 1 (September 7, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100007.

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11

AJ, Esan. "Hemolytic Disorders of the Newborn, Current Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review Study." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 1 (September 7, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100008.

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12

Mukherjee, Tanushri. "Acute Leukemia with a typical Clinical Presentation Posing Diagnostic Dilemma." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100010.

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13

Bhat TV, Chitra. "Moderate to Severe Thrombocytopenia in the Parturient." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100011.

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14

D Atreya, Chintamani. "Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of miRnas and mRNAs in Stored Platelets Identifies the Potential of miRNAs in Regulating Platelet Functions Relevant to Storage Lesions." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorders 3, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100012.

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15

Momot, Andrey Pavlovich. "Prognosis of Venous Thromboembolic Complications after Hip Replacement on the Background of Modern Thromboprophylaxis." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorder 4, no. 1 (April 17, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100013.

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16

Eléonore, Kafando. "Risk Behavior among Ineligible Blood Donors in a Blood Transfusion Center (Burkina Faso)." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorder 4, no. 1 (April 17, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100014.

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17

A Ezzat, Loui. "The Effect of Anti-Nuclear Antibody Positivity on Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and its Clinical Course." Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorder 4, no. 1 (April 17, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100015.

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18

Morales-Borges, Raúl H. "Iron Deficiency Anemia in the 21st Century: Why is still too prevalent and what we can do as treatment?" Hematology, Blood Transfusion & Disorder 4, no. 1 (April 17, 2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100016.

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19

ZULFIQAR, Abrar-Ahmad. "Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) in the Elderly Over 75 Years: About a Rare Series in the Very Elderly Subjects." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 5 (July 24, 2018): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100017.

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20

Fresen, Maximilian Markus. "Stem Cell Mobilization with and without Plerixafor: A Comparative Analysis." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 5 (July 24, 2018): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100018.

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21

Williams-Hooker, Ruth. "Vitamin E Status and Total Body Water in Children and Adolescents with Sickle Cell Anemia." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 5 (July 24, 2018): 1–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100019.

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22

Momot, Andrey Pavlovich. "Effects of Low-Molecular Heparin on Pregnant Women with Factor V Mutation (GA Genotype)." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 5 (July 24, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100020.

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23

Matias, Mafalda. "Beware Of Temperature Changes: A Case Report Of Paroxysmal Cold Haemoglobinuria." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100021.

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24

Lugos, Moses. "Screening For Anaemia At Different Phases Of The Menstrual Cycle Among Female Students In A Nigerian University." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100022.

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25

Monohan, Gregory. "Perioperative And Postoperative Management In Patients With Alpha-2-Antiplasmin Deficiency: A Case Study Of 67-Year-Old Male Undergoing Operative Distal Femur Repair." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100023.

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26

Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin. "Correlations Between Aging, Oxidative Stress, Micronutrient Deficiencies, Pollutant Metal-Toxicity And Increased Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) Among Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Congolese." Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100024.

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27

Martins, António Gentil. "Nephroblastoma: The Protocols Should Be Changed." Journal of Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 7, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100025.

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28

Salam, Sawadogo. "Thrombocytopenia and Bleeding in Dengue Fever: A Cross-Sectional Study during a Dengue Outbreak in Burkina Faso." Journal of Hematology, Blood Transfusion and Disorders 8, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/hbtd-2999/100026.

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There was no significant increase in platelet count in transfused and not transfused patients, meaning that platelet transfusion had no longer benefit in reduction of clinical or severe bleeding or improvement in platelet count recovery

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29

Shah, Vaishvi, Manasvi Shah, Preeti Jhaveri, and F. R. Shah. "Double Heterozygosity Of Hbs And Hbd Punjab In Two Siblings With Covid-19 Infection: A Case Report." Indian Journal of Applied-Basic Medical Sciences 24, no. 1 (February 2, 2022): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijabms.2022.243803.

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Introduction : HbD Punjab is also known as HbD Los Angeles was first described by Itano in 1951. In HbD point mutation in beta globin chain occurs . HbD associated with HbS in which one gene carries HbD while other gene carries HbS mutation . Infants are at increased risk of life threatening complications like severe anaemia , splenic sequestration , overwhelming septicaemia . Method: Two siblings one 9 year old male and other 4 year old male patients were presented with covid 19 infection in the hospital . Both were known case of sickle cell disease . There blood samples were taken and cbc , retic and HPLC was done . Both were diagnosed as HbSD Heterozygosity by HPLC method .Their mother was a know case of sickle cell trait and father was known case of HbD Punjab trait. RESULT : In above study diagnosis of HbSD in both siblings was confirmed by HPLC. Since both their parents were carriers of sickle cell trait(mother) and HbD trait(father) . HbSD is a heterozygous state beta 121 glutamine residues stabilise the polymer and increases intracellular polymerization of HbS and increase sickling phenomenon . CONCLUSION : HbSD is a rare but very serious disorder with high prevalence in northern part of India . It is a genetically inherited disorder occurs when either of one parent is HbD trait and other one being HbS trait.

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30

CRESSLER, JOHN D. "TOTAL-DOSE AND SINGLE-EVENT EFFECTS IN SILICON-GERMANIUM HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 14, no. 02 (June 2004): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156404002478.

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We present an overview of radiation effects in silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors ( SiGe HBT). We begin by reviewing SiGe HBTs, and then examine the impact of ionizing radiation on both the dc and ac performance of SiGe HBTs, the circuit-level impact of radiation-induced changes in the transistors, followed by single-event phenomena in SiGe HBT circuits. While ionizing radiation degrades both the dc and ac properties of SiGe HBTs, this degradation is remarkably minor, and is far better than that observed in even radiation-hardened conventional Si BJT technologies. This fact is particularly significant given that no intentional radiation hardening is needed to ensure this level of both device-level and circuit-level tolerance (typically multi-Mrad TID). SEU effects are pronounced in SiGe HBT circuits, as expected, but circuit-level mitigation schemes will likely be suitable to ensure adequate tolerance for many orbital missions. SiGe HBT technology thus offers many interesting possibilities for space-borne electronic systems.

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31

GAO, GUANG-BO, S. NOOR MOHAMMAND, GREGORY A. MARTIN, and HADIS MORKOÇ. "FUNDAMENTALS, PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY OF III-V COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 06, no. 01 (March 1995): 1–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012915649500002x.

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Анотація:

Recent developments in the physics and technology of III-V compound heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) are reviewed. The technologies discussed are AlGaAs/GaAs, GaInP/GaAs, InP/InGaAs, and AlInAs/InGaAs based heterostructures. WIth current gain cut off frequencies over 100 GHz and maximum oscillation frequencies of about 200 GHz, the III-V compound semiconductor based HBTs have advanced to the point of commercialization. These developments also had the fortuitous effect of providing impetus and theoretical base to advance Si based HBT technologies, such as SiGe HBTs, to advance also. Recent SiGe HBTs, taking advantage of advanced Si processing technologies, have also recorded performances in excess of 100 GHz with applications envisioned in high speed analog-digital converters. While there remain some voids in the fundamental understanding of HBTs, the state-of-the-art of the GaAs HBT technology, concerning reproducibility and reliability, is at a point where problems related to production are at the forefront. The next few years are going to prove interesting with each technology recording improved performance.

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32

Jin, D. Y., D. Lu, W. R. Zhang, Q. Fu, Y. J. Zhang, and X. Zhao. "Novel Multi-Finger Power HBTs with Non-Uniform Segmented Emitter for Thermal Stability Enhancement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.832.

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With the aid of a two-dimensional thermal-electrical model, the thermal stability of multi-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with uniform segmented emitter, and non-uniform segmented emitter are studied. It shows that both of them could lower the peak temperature and improve the non-uniformity of the collector current density distribution, and thus improve the thermal stability, compared with an HBT which has traditional non-segmented emitter structure. At the same time, the improvement capability of thermal stability for HBT with non-uniform segmented emitter is superior to that of HBT with uniform segmented emitter, ascribing to selectively divide the emitter fingers into various segments according to the difference of heat dissipation capability in emitter fingers. Furthermore, the improvement capability of thermal stability for HBT with non-uniform segmented emitter is enhanced exponentially as segment spacing increases. However, for HBT with uniform segmented emitter, the ability is less sensitive to the increasing of the segment spacing as it exceeds 6μm. Therefore, the technique of non-uniform segmented emitter is a better method for enhancing the thermal stability of power HBTs.

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33

ASBECK, P. M., M. F. CHANG, and K. PEDROTTI. "FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR HBT DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 05, no. 03 (September 1994): 493–527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156494000206.

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Анотація:

This paper discusses several themes for the future improvement of HBTs and HBT-based integrated circuits, including the reduction of device dimensions, the integration of HBTs with additional devices, and the use of different materials. The motivation for these developments, and recent experimental work towards the realization of these improvements are described.

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34

LIU, WILLIAM, EDWARD BEAM, KIM TAE, and ALI KHATIBZADEH. "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN GaInP/GaAs HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 05, no. 03 (September 1994): 411–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156494000188.

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Анотація:

We review the recent developments of GaInP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) used for microwave power, low noise, linear amplification and high temperature applications. Special attention is paid in the comparison of the GaInP HBT results with the more conventional AlGaAs HBTs. The material and processing advantages, as well as the electronic and thermal properties of GaInP are described.

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35

WANG, KEH-CHUNG, RANDALL B. NUBLING, KEN PEDROTTI, NENG-HAUNG SHENG, PETER M. ASBECK, KEN POULTON, JOHN CORCORAN, KNUD KNUDSEN, HAN-TZONG YUAN, and CHRISTOPHER CHANG. "AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs FOR ANALOG AND DIGITAL APPLICATIONS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 05, no. 03 (September 1994): 213–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156494000127.

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Анотація:

AlGaAs/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) technology has emerged as an important IC technology for high performance electronic systems. Many outstanding circuits have been demonstrated as a result of the AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs high speed, high accuracy and its semi-insulating substrate. Several GaAs HBT manufacturing lines have been established; some of which are shipping products. In this paper, we describe AlGaAs/GaAs HBT technology, summarize some key and representative circuits in analog, A/D conversion and digital applications, and provide prospects of GaAs HBT research.

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36

Baum, Bernard R., and L. Grant Bailey. "Relationships between Hordeum bulbosum L. subsp. bulbosum and H. bulbosum subsp. nodosum comb, et stat. nov." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 735–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-093.

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Material of the diploid (HBD) and tetraploid (HBT) Hordeum bulbosum collected in the Mediterranean and Near East areas was examined for 14 morphometric characters. Exploratory data analysis revealed that cilia on the margins of the glumes of the central spikelets may or may not be present in HBT but are never present in HBD. The data were submitted to various kinds of discriminant analysis in which group assignment was based on ploidy level. When presence–absence of cilia on glume margins is used in combination with the resulting linear discriminant functions (DF) there is about 91% probability of correct identification; with DF alone there is about 81% probability. The results of discriminant analysis provided justification, in the opinion of the authors, to regard HBD and HBT as separate taxa at the level of subspecies, namely H. bulbosum subsp. bulbosum and H. bulbosum L. subsp. nodosum (L.) Baum.

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37

Khater, Marwan H., Thomas N. Adam, Rajendran Krishnasamy, Mattias E. Dahlstrom, Jae-Sung Rieh, Kathryn T. Schonenberg, Bradly A. Orner, Francois Pagette, Kenneth Stein, and David C. Ahlgren. "PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS OF SiGe HBT TECHNOLOGY." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 17, no. 01 (March 2007): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156407004254.

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Анотація:

The implementation of challenging novel materials and process techniques has led to remarkable device improvements in state-of-the-art high-performance SiGe HBTs, rivaling their III-V compound semiconductor counterparts. Vertical scaling, lateral scaling, and device structure innovations required to improve SiGe HBTs performance have benefited from advanced materials and process techniques developed for next generation CMOS technology. In this work, we present a review of recent process and materials development enabling operational speeds of SiGe HBTs approaching 400 GHz. In addition, we present device simulation results that show the extendibility of SiGe HBT technology performance towards half-terahertz and beyond with further scaling and device structure improvements.

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38

CHANG, M. F., and P. M. ASBECK. "III-V HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS FOR HIGH-SPEED APPLICATIONS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 01, no. 03n04 (September 1990): 245–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156490000137.

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Анотація:

Recent advances in communication, radar and computational systems demand very high performance electronic circuits. Heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) have the potential of providing a more efficient solution to many key system requirements through intrinsic device advantages than competing technologies. This paper reviews the present status of GaAs and InP-based HBT technologies and their applications to digital, analog, microwave and multifunction circuits. It begins with a brief review of HBT device concepts and critical epitaxial growth parameters. Issues important for device modeling and fabrication technologies are discussed. The paper then highlights the performance and the potential impact of HBT devices and integrated circuits in various application areas. Key prospects for future HBT development are also addressed.

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39

Lakhdara, Maya, Saϊda Latreche, and Christian Gontrand. "Static Performance of SiGe HBTs at Low Temperature." Applied Mechanics and Materials 666 (October 2014): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.666.59.

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—This paper analyse is the impact of cryogenic temperatures for SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBTs) base, realised in BiCMOS9 0.13μm industrial process. The use of these components in microwaves applications exposed to various temperatures is fundamental aspect to predict in precise way its electric characteristics. This paper investigates the temperature dependence from (170 K to 300 K) of DC, for NPN SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) and notably modeling high performance Si/SiGe HBT for telecommunication and radar detection (>0.5THz) in low temperature (cryogenic temperature).

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40

OKA, TOHRU, KOJI HIRATA, HIDEYUKI SUZUKI, KIYOSHI OUCHI, HIROYUKI UCHIYAMA, TAKAFUMI TANIGUCHI, KAZUHIRO MOCHIZUKI, and TOHRU NAKAMURA. "SMALL-SCALE InGaP/GaAs HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS FOR HIGH-SPEED AND LOW-POWER INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 11, no. 01 (March 2001): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156401000800.

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Small-scale InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with high-speed as well as low-current operation are demonstrated. To reduce the emitter size SE and the base-collector capacitance CBC simultaneously, the HBTs are fabricated by using WSi/Ti as the base electrode and by burying SiO 2 in the extrinsic collector region. WSi/Ti metals simplify and facilitate processing to fabricate small base electrodes, and the buried SiO 2 reduces the parasitic CBC under the base electrode. The cutoff frequency fT of 156 GHz and the maximum oscillation frequency f max of 255 GHz were obtained at a collector current Ic of 3.5 mA for the HBT with SE of 0.5 μ m ×4.5 μ m , and fT of 114 GHz and f max of 230 GHz were obtained at IC of 0.9 mA for the HBT with SE of 0.25 μ m ×1.5 μ m . A 1/8 static frequency divider operated at a maximum toggle frequency of 39.5 GHz with a power consumption per flip-flop of 190 mW. A transimpedance amplifier provides a gain of 46.5 dB·Ω with a bandwidth of 41.6 GHz at a power consumption of 150 mW. These results indicate the great potential of our HBTs for high-speed. low power integrated circuit applications.

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41

Jariwala, Tulsi, Arpita Patel, Riddhi Patel, Aashka Shah, Hiral Shah, and Tushar Kariya. "A Case of Compound Heterozygous HbS and HbD Disease in Premarital Screening." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 11, no. 06 (June 24, 2023): 1295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2023.v11i06.065.

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Introduction: Among the inherited disorders of blood, haemoglobinopathy and thalassaemia constitute a major bulk of non-communicable genetic diseases in India. They cause a high degree of morbidity in affected individuals. Moderate to severe haemolytic anaemia among vulnerable segments of the society like infants and children, adolescent girls, pregnant women, etc. may result in many deaths in India. Hemoglobinopathies are a vast group of inherited disorders of hemoglobin production and function. Compound heterozygous HbSD-Punjab is an uncommon hemoglobinopathy encountered in Indians. In premarital screening, molecular testing is mostly inconvenient and diagnosis often relies on the abnormal hemoglobin analysis, family studies and epidemiological facts. We present the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hemoglobin D-Punjab with sickle cell disease found on premarital screening. Case Report: Blood sample of a 22 year old patient for high-performance liquid chromatography was received. A complete blood count (CBC) showed mild anemia with Hb of 8.3 g/dl with mild microcytic hypochromic red cell indices.The HPLC showed HbD and S-window on BIO RAD D10 machine. The high-performance liquid chromatography showed normal hemoglobin Hb F and Hb A2, which indicates presence of a Compound heterozygous for HbSD-Punjab. Conclusion: Compound heterozygous state for HbD-Punjab with S-window is a rare disorder. HbSD-Punjab has a heterogeneous clinical presentation. Anemia and sickle crises are quite common. The data obtained from the clinical findings, blood picture and electrophoresis or HPLC will help in diagnosis. Genetic counseling is advisable in patients with presence of a Compound heterozygous HbSD-Punjab.

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Hua, R. X., D. Y. Jin, W. R. Zhang, D. Lu, Q. Fu, and X. F. Zhu. "Simultaneous Optimization of Ge Doping Profile and Layout in Multi-Finger Power SiGe HBTs for High Thermal Stability." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.80.

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Considering the effect of electro-thermal feedback on the thermal stability of multi-finger power SiGe HBT, optimization of SiGe HBT on both Ge doping profile (electrical aspect) and layout (thermal aspect) is demonstrated in this paper. A novel stepped Ge doping profile of SiGe HBT with a grading Ge concentration in base region is proposed to improve the temperature coefficient of current gain, meanwhile, the cut-off frequency of HBT is also increased considerably due to the accelerated electric field caused by the Ge concentration grading. However, there is still an uneven temperature distribution. Therefore, the layout of multi-finger HBT with nun-uniform emitter finger length is optimized to compensate the thermal coupling effects and hence the uneven temperature distribution is improved obviously. It is shown that the device with simultaneous optimization of Ge doping profile and layout could be in thermal stability over a wide temperature range, which presents useful guideline to design microwave power HBTs.

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Kwiecień, Jarosław, Weronika Hajzler, Klaudia Kosek, Sylwia Balcerowicz, Dominika Grzanka, Weronika Gościniak, and Katarzyna Górowska-Kowolik. "No Correlation between Positive Fructose Hydrogen Breath Test and Clinical Symptoms in Children with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (August 23, 2021): 2891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082891.

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Fructose malabsorption is regarded as one of the most common types of sugar intolerance. However, the correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and positive results in fructose hydrogen breath tests (HBTs) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical importance of positive fructose HBT by correlating the HBT results with clinical features in children with various gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical features and fructose HBT results were obtained from 323 consecutive children (2–18 years old, mean 10.7 ± 4.3 years) that were referred to the Tertiary Paediatric Gastroenterology Centre and diagnosed as having functional gastrointestinal disorders. A total of 114 out of 323 children (35.3%) had positive HBT results, of which 61 patients were females (53.5%) and 53 were males (46.5%). Children with positive HBT were significantly younger than children with negative HBT (9.0 vs. 11.6 years old; p < 0.001). The most frequent symptom among children with fructose malabsorption was recurrent abdominal pain (89.5%). Other important symptoms were diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence. However, no correlation between positive fructose HBT results and any of the reported symptoms or general clinical features was found. In conclusion, positive fructose HBT in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders can be attributed to their younger age but not to some peculiar clinical feature of the disease.

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Jin, D. Y., R. X. Hu, W. R. Zhang, D. Lu, Q. Fu, and Y. J. Zhang. "Novel Emitter-Segmented Power HBT with 2-D Non-Uniform Segment Spacing for High Thermal Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.737.

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With the aid of the thermal model, thermal resistance matrix of emitter-segmented power HBT is proposed to represent thermal effects. The effect of 2-dimensional (2-D) inter-segment spacing on thermal stability of device is studied. It is shown that the increase of inter-segment spacing could effectively decrease thermal coupling resistance, lower temperature of center segments, and hence improves the thermal stability. Furthermore, a novel emitter-segmented power HBT with 2-D non-uniform segment spacing is proposed, in which the non-uniformity of segment temperature is improved by 75.26% and the maximum power level difference of emitter segment is improved by 55.84%, when compared with uniform segment spacing HBT. Therefore the technique of 2-D non-uniform segment spacing is a better method for enhancing the thermal stability of power HBTs.

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45

TAN, SHIH-WEI, and SHIH-WEN LAI. "EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING ANALYSIS ON NPN AlGaN/GaN HBT WITH HIGH IDEALITY FACTOR IN BOTH COLLECTOR AND BASE CURRENT." Surface Review and Letters 19, no. 04 (July 26, 2012): 1250043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x12500436.

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Characterization and modeling analysis on both ideality factor of the collector current (η C ) and the base current (η B ) have higher than the excepted values of 1.0 and 2.0, respectively, for npn Al GaN/GaN heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) have been reported. We employ the rapid thermal process annealing (RTP-annealing) to modify the base parasitical Schottky diode (called A-HBTs) after the as-deposited Ni/Au bilayers on the base layer for electrode with no annealing (called N-HBTs) to compare with each other. For a HBT operated in Gummel-plot configuration, experimental and modeling results indicate that the base parasitical Schottky diode (BPSD) causes the base current (I B ) and collector current (I C ) with high ideality factor and raise the base-emitter voltage (V BE ) to higher operation point, and therefore lead to more power consumption. Furthermore, the extended Ebers–Moll equivalent-circuit model together with the extracted device parameters provided simulated results that were in a good agreement with experimental ones.

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Ahmad, Usman, Md Asri Bin Ngadi, and Ismail Fauzi Bin Isnin. "Fairness Evaluation and Comparison of Current Congestion Control Techniques." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v1.i1.pp176-181.

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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is used by many applications on the Internet for the reliable data transmission. TCP does not able to utilize the available link bandwidth quickly and efficiently in High bandwidth short distance (HBSD) and high bandwidth long distance (HBLD) networks. Many congestion control techniques also known as TCP variants are developed to solve these problems in different network environments. In this paper an experimental analysis is done for the performance evaluation of TCP CUBIC, TCP Compound, TCP Reno and High speed TCP in term of Inter and Intra Protocol fairness by using Network Simulator 2 (NS-2). Results show that the performance of TCP CUBIC pathetically down and TCP Compound and TCP Reno shows good performance in term of protocol fairness. However, these congestion control techniques still need more improvement for the utilization of available link bandwidth in HBLD networks and other network resources.

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47

FIELDS, C. H., M. SOKOLICH, S. THOMAS, K. ELLIOT, and J. JENSEN. "Progress toward 100 GHz Logic in InP HBT IC Technology." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 11, no. 01 (March 2001): 217–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156401000836.

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Future wideband communications, mm-wave digital synthesis, and digital beam-steering will benefit from digital operation at clock frequencies between 50 and 100 GHz at reasonable power levels. HRL has developed InP-based HBT technology that is capable of supporting these needs. We have demonstrated InP HBTs with cutoff frequencies, ft, over 200 GHz and with f max over 300 GHz as well as fully static dividers operating at 72.8 GHz.

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Hülsemann, Benedikt, Lijun Zhou, Wolfgang Merkle, Juli Hassa, Joachim Müller, and Hans Oechsner. "Biomethane Potential Test: Influence of Inoculum and the Digestion System." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 9, 2020): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072589.

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High precision of measurement of methane potential is important for the economic operation of biogas plants in the future. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test based on the VDI 4630 protocol is the state-of-the-art method to determine the methane potential in Germany. The coefficient of variation (CV) of methane yield was >10% in several previous inter-laboratory tests. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of inoculum and the digestion system on the measurement variability. Methane yield and methane percentage of five substrates were investigated in a Hohenheim biogas yield test (D-HBT) by using five inocula, which were used several times in inter- laboratory tests. The same substrates and inocula were also tested in other digestion systems. To control the quality of the inocula, the effect of adding trace elements (TE) and the microbial community was investigated. Adding TE had no influence for the selected, well- supplied inocula and the community composition depended on the source of the inocula. The CV of the specific methane yield was <4.8% by using different inocula in one D-HBT (D-HBT1) and <12.8% by using different digestion systems compared to D-HBT1. Incubation time between 7 and 14 days resulted in a deviation in CV of <4.8%.

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49

Yang, K., A. L. Gutierrez-Aitken, X. Zhang, P. Bhattacharya, and G. I. Haddad. "An HSPICE HBT model for InP-based single HBTs." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 43, no. 9 (1996): 1470–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/16.535336.

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50

Kulygina, Yu A., M. F. Osipenko, M. I. Skalinskaya, and K. D. Palchunova. "The prevalence of bacterial overgrowth syndrome and its associated factors in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (according to the data of the Novosibirsk registry)." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 89, no. 2 (February 15, 2017): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/terarkh201789215-19.

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Aim. To assess the prevalence of bacterial overgrowth syndrome (BOS) and its risk factors in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Subjects and methods. The patients from the Novosibirsk IBD registry, who had undergone a hydrogen breath test (HBT) using a Gastro+ device, were examined. Results. In 93 IBD patients who had undergone a HBD, the prevalence of BOS was 48% (46.2% for ulcerative colitis and 51.2% for Crohn’s disease). There was a strong correlation between abdominal bloating, abdominal rumbling, and positive HBT results in both patient groups. During the HBT, the patients with BOS frequently complained of diarrhea, borborygmi, belching, and anxiety. Conclusion. The findings suggest that BOS is highly prevalent among patients with IBD. BOS is associated with clinical symptoms, such as abdominal bloating, abdominal rumbling, tearfulness, and irritability.

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