Статті в журналах: "Hazardous storages"

1

Beqiraj, A., P. Alikaj, M. Lamaj, Y. Muceku, B. Çanga, and G. Leka. "Geological-geophysical study for the disign of a hazardous waste landfill in Albania." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 1925. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17221.

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Industrial wastes in Albania belong to four main groups: i) wastes from the industrial hot spots, ii) wastes from the old chemical storages, Hi) wastes from mining and ore processing and iiii) wastes from present and future industries. The landfill for hazardous waste is intended as a facility to enable the clean-up of old mostly abandoned industrial sites (the hot spots and other sites), storages of obsolete chemicals and treat and dispose of hazardous waste presently generated in Albanian industry. The technical design of the landfill was anticipated by complex geological study including the geological, geophysical, geotechnical and hydrogeological surveys. All the above surveys aimed to find the best clay terrains with suitable geotechnical and hydrogeological features for the landfill design

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2

Gendler, S. G., T. A. Vasilenko, and S. G. Almukhametova. "Ensuring Safe Working Conditions during the Operation of the Closed Coal Storages." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 10 (October 2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2021-10-43-48.

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It is noted that the relevance of the presented studies is related to the need in reducing the aerotechnogenic load on the environment, which, when the coal is stored in the open storage, is practically uncontrollable that leads to the dust pollution of the significant territories. It is shown that ensuring safe operation of the closed coal storages, which are an alternative to the open coal storage, is possible if two conditions are met: the concentration of methane released from the coal stack in the air space of the storage does not exceed the permissible values; reduction to the required level of emissions of coal dust generated during loading and unloading technological operations. The reasons for possible release of methane from the stored coal associated with its residual methane content, the value of which is determined both by the initial value, as well as its decrease during the transportation of coal from the place of its production to the closed storage were identified. It is shown that in order to prevent exceeding the permissible value of methane concentration in the closed storage, it is required to use forced ventilation with an air exchange rate of at least two. It is mentioned that the forced ventilation in combination with the significant volumes of coal dust generated during technological operations can result in an increase in its concentration to the values hazardous for the human health. The analysis of methods for normalizing the dust environment during the operation of closed coal storages is given. The scientific novelty of research is associated with a comprehensive study of the regularities of aero-, gas- and dust-dynamic processes that determine safety of operation of the closed coal storages.

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3

Duca, Gh, O. Bogdevich, O. Cadocinicov, and D. Porubin. "The Pollution Spectrum of Old Pesticides Storages in Moldova." Chemistry Journal of Moldova 7, no. 1 (June 2012): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2012.07(1).23.

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The inventory of old pesticide storages in Moldova executed by Ministry of Environment and World Bank showed a large quantity of polluted sites (near 1500) remains after the repacking and evacuation project. This work was made first of all for Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). More that 15 % sites were determined as extra high polluted territory with the POPs concentration in soil more 50,0 mg/kg. They include some of the world's most harmful chemicals including highly toxic pesticides such as HCH, DDT; industrial chemicals such as PCBs. The management of domestic and hazardous wastes is considered as one of the most urgent environmental problems in Moldova.

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4

Bosak Pavlo,, Popovych Vasyl,, Stepova Kateryna,, and Marutyak Sofia,. "FEATURES OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF HAZARDOUS CONSTITUENTS IN WASTEWATER FROM COLLIERY SPOIL HEAPS OF NOVOVOLYNSK MINING AREA." NEWS of National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan 5, no. 443 (October 15, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-170x.102.

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Surface run-off is water from rain and snowmelt flowing from the territory of industrial enterprises. The part of surface run-off in the total volume of discharged wastewater from the coal industry is 2%. Their volume depends on the amount of rain and melt water, as well as the size of the sites of industrial enterprises. The objects of surface run-off contaminants in the Novovolynsk mining area are: outdoor coal and concentrate storages, colliery spoil heaps, sludge and tailings, crushing compartments, storages fuels and lubricants, points of railway cars loading and unloading, cable cars, boiler installations, etc. On the territory of the Novovolynsk mining area besides the wastewater a huge amount of mining waste is formed. It is stored on flat heaps, adjacent to the area. Coal also accumulates on flat dumps. The surface run-off from the area of the flat heaps may contain chemical compounds. Surface water from the mine area is not purified, although in terms of quality, it is highly polluted. During investigation period the Novovolynsk mining area the storm run-off from their territory contained more than 15,000 mg / ml of suspended substances and up to 500 mg / ml of petroleum products [4]. Spoil heaps are the main sources of surface run-off contamination by suspended solids, mineral salts and heavy metal ions. Thus, the amount of suspended solids in rainwater reaches 12000 mg / l and in meltwater - up to 50,000 mg / l, the total salt content reaches 8000 mg / l. The maximum amount of iron is more than 7550 mg / l. It is found in the meltwater from the spoil heaps of almost all mines in the Novovolynsk mining area. The composition and concentration of pollutants in coal storage water runoff doesn't differ too much from the spoil heaps water run-off. An extremely important factor of man-made impact on the sanitary status of natural water bodies is the pollution of the water-intake areas around coal and mining enterprises by chemical elements, especially during polymetallic ores development [2].

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5

Monarkh, V. V., and H. V. Pantsyreva. "Stages of the Environmental Risk Assessment." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_779.

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The current condition of the former pesticide storages has been investigated and characterized. All pesticide storages of Kryzhopil region are in extremely poor condition and they contain substantial amounts of unknown mixtures of unusable pesticides, which are stored in bulk in 100% of pesticide storages being a powerful source of environmental pollution by toxicants of various chemical composition. Pesticide residues in different environment (soil, water, plant) have been determined. The research results clearly prove availability of severe local sources of contamination of agricultural lands with organochlorine pesticides. There is a risk of contamination of other environmental objects with hazardous substances and a negative impact of toxic substances on human health. Migration of pesticides from the soil into agricultural products and drinking water has been identified. It has been suggested that poor environmental conditions and consumption of pesticide-contaminated agricultural products and drinking water lead to an increase in the number of human diseases. It has been found that the population of the district has much higher morbidity rates compared to the indicators of the oblast. Step-by-step environmental risk assessment has been carried out.

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6

Bortnovsky, V. N., and K. N. Buzdalikin. "THE ORGANIZATIONAL BASICS OF MEDICAL AND SANITARY SUPPORT OF REACTION PARTICIPANTS IN A RADIATION ACCIDENT." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 4 (December 28, 2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2014-11-4-23.

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Construction of a new radiation hazardous project in the Republic of Belarus and extension of the maintenance term of existing nuclear reactors, building of storages of waste fuel beside its borders, increasing risks for terrorist threats raise the demands for readiness for radiation accidents, including organization and realization of medical and sanitary support activities for participants of accident reaction. The article summarizes practical proposals to create a crisis center for medical support of accident reaction participants in emergency situations with a radiation factor.

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Pap, Miklós, András Mahler, and Salem Georges Nehme. "Laboratory testing of seepage in concrete." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503030.

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Due to the construction of underground structures and hazardous waste storages, understanding and modelling of water flow through concrete has become a major topic for life-span analyses. The water retention curve (WRC) is an essential unsaturated soil function, which can be determined not only for soil samples, but also for other porous media. This paper deals with the determination of drying water retention curve for six different concrete mixtures that provide a substantial characteristic for the investigation and modelling of seepage through the pores of concrete. According to the complex pore system of the concrete, the bimodal function of van Genuchten (1980) and Fredlund and Xing (1994) models were used for curve fitting. The fitted curves were used to estimate the permeability function using Fredlund et. al (1994) model.

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8

Korenkov, I. P., Tatyana N. Lashchenova, N. K. Shandala, and V. V. Romanov. "Integrated approach to risk assessment of potential surface radioactive waste storage." Hygiene and sanitation 95, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-99002016-95-2-133-139.

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Algorithm for management of decision-making on the decommissioning of nuclear and radiation hazardous objects (RHO) should be both based on an comprehensive approach, with taking into account all the potential dangers, and relied upon on the requirements of a modern regulatory framework, as well as economically sound and socially oriented. The aim of the work was a development of a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the degree of the potential danger of near surface radioactive waste repositories in RHO, on the base of which it is possible to make substantiated management decisions for their decommissioning. Tasks: To develop an array of radio-ecological approaches, including radiation-hygienic, hydrogeological and engineering criteria for the assessment of the potential danger of radioactive waste repositories. Results There are presented radiation hygienic, hydrogeological and engineering and technical criteria on the basis of which there are calculated coefficients of the relative hazard of storages. In dependence to the value of the coefficients there are suggested four categories of danger - a safe, low dangerous, dangerous and very dangerous. There are elaborated approaches on management decisions-making in various variants of decommissioning - the conversion, renovation, conservation and liquidation.

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9

Gots, Volodimir, Oles Lastivka, Elizabeth Volunska, and Oleksandr Tomin. "RECYCLING OF AURIFEROUS ORE FLOTATION TAILINGS IN SLAG-ALKALINE CEMENT." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 4 (July 29, 2016): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2016.000123.

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Research analysis aimed at stabilizing processes in industrial waste and other, similar hazardous ion containing materials, shows that these materials can be successfully stabilized, if they are bound as a mineral component in cement. Considering that auriferous ore flotation waste contains heavy metals that are useless for any production and accumulated in dumps, storages and sumps, this impairs the ecology of the country. This is why current study is conducted on recycling of auriferous ore flotation tailings by binding it as a cement component, which is also can be one of its effective applications. For heavy metal bonds stability evaluation in the composition of the cement matrix, the method of leaching elements by atomic spectroscopy was applied. According to the research it was found that application of slag-alkaline viscid systems for recycling of auriferous ore dump flotation tailings provides considerable advantages over traditional Portland cement systems based on PC I-500. It was shown that along with the physical blocking in the artificial stone matrix, based on slag-alkaline viscid systems, elements of heavy metals were also bound chemically as a part of structure-forming compounds. In this regard use of auriferous ore dump flotation tailings (10…30 %) in the compound of slag-alkaline cement results in the prolonged solidification and provides the same level of cement stone durability as the check sample compound.

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10

Buriak, Y., and V. O. Zabaluev. "Changes in the fertility of techno-soils during long-term agricultural use of reclaimed iron ore sludge storages in the Steppes of Ukraine." Plant and Soil Science 11, no. 3 (2020): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/agr2020.03.088.

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An exceptional feature of the ecological state of Ukraine is that ecologically acute local situations are aggravated by major regional crises. The main reasons that led to the threatening state of the environment are outdated production technology and equipment, high energy and material consumption, which exceeds two to three times the corresponding indicators of developed countries, as well as the high level of concentration of industrial facilities. industrial region are environmentally hazardous man-made objects, for which more than 7.5 thousand hectares of land. According to Art. 14 of the Constitution of Ukraine, land is the main national wealth. Extensive opportunities for modern science and technology have brought to the fore new opportunities for efficient land use. Subject to reclamation, they can be successfully used for agricultural production. Reclamation of disturbed lands is provided by the Land Code (Article 166) and the Law “On Land Protection” (Article 52). Reclamation of land plots is carried out by layer-by-layer application on low-yielding land plots or plots without soil cover of the removed soil mass, and if necessary - and the parent rock in the order that ensures the highest productivity of reclaimed lands. Agroecosystems formed on reclaimed lands are currently mostly not marked by ecological stability and high productivity of agrophyto-coenoses. According to the results of 38 years of research in a stationary experiment, it was found that for agricultural reclamation of iron ore sludge the most rational model of technozem is a three-membered edaphic structure: This option ensures the productivity of crops at the level of intact soils. During the period of use, the indicators of humus accumulation slightly increased in the arable layer, gross reserves and the content of macronutrients did not change, the quality of man-made soil did not deteriorate.

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Salesman, Frans, and Umi Farida. "PENILAIAN BAHAN BERBAHAYA BERACUN PADA LABORATORIUM RADIOLOGI RSUD BANGIL KABUPATEN PASURUAN." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 7, no. 1 (October 31, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v7i1.2018.122-129.

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The consequence of activity in hospital is to produce toxic material waste (B3). So, description of B3 in the hospital was needed. The objective of this research was to identify the hazards in each stage in waste management of Liquid Hazardous and Toxic (B3) at Bangil Hospital, Pasuruan. Based on the place , this research was categorized as field research, because it used primary data by interviewing directly to the workforce and conducting risk assessment to the hazard source in the research location. This research was cross-sectional study. The results showed that there were 8 potential hazards, which consist of 3 hazards at the storage stage, 3 hazards at the collection stage, and each 1 hazard at the processing and disposal stage. The hazards proable experienced by laboratory personnel who also serve in the management of liquid waste and also those who operate the IPAL. While the management of B3 liquid waste radiology laboratory conducted by laboratory workers and IPS has 15 potential hazards, including 3 hazards at the storage stage, 6 hazards at the collection stage, 3 hazards at the transport stage and 3 hazards on the temporary storage. Based on the hazard identification at the stage of B3 waste management of Radiology Laboratory at Bangil General Hospital of Pasuruan, there were 15 potential hazards. While at the stage of waste management B3 Liquid Environmental Laboratory in RSUD Bangil Pasuruan, found 8 potential hazards.Keywords : hazardous materials, hospital, radiological laboratory

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12

CHEBLI, Sarra, Chérif TOLBA, and Youcef ZENNIR. "Risk Assessment of an LNG Storage Tank Release." Algerian Journal of Signals and Systems 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51485/ajss.v7i2.162.

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals ensure the production, storage, and transportation of LNG. Therefore, it assembles critical equipment that can cause hazards to personnel, assets, and the environment. This paper presents a risk assessment for an LNG storage tank release in an LNG terminal. Risk assessment was conducted by applying a HAZOP study, Bowtie analysis, fault tree analysis, and ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) simulation. The results were to identify causes, consequences, and safeguards of hazards related to over and under pressure in an LNG storage tank. Moreover, a bowtie analysis was established for LNG loss of containment (LOC) from flammable liquids storage tanks. In addition, a fault tree analysis was presented to identify the causes of tank failure considering pressure hazards. Finally, the consequences of LNG released from the storage tank are simulated using the ALOHA software

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13

Stojadinovic, Danijela, Amelija Djordjevic, Ivan Krstic, and Jasmina Radosavljevic. "Atmospheric release of organic solvents due to hazardous events in the paints and varnishes industry." Chemical Industry, no. 00 (2023): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind220909002s.

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Technogenic risk is the result of creation and development of hazards that originate from accidents in the technosphere. It involves emissions of hazardous industrial substances into the work and natural environments, fires, radioactive contamination, and contamination by toxic substances during their transport and storage. The qualitative and quantitative technogenic risk assessment has to be performed during the use, handling, transport, and storage of hazardous substances if it is decided that specific environmental elements at a specific location are likely to become exposed to hazardous substances, leading to environmental degradation. This paper discusses vulnerability zones - specifically, the high lethality zone and the irreversible effects zone - that are formed due to hazardous events or accidents in the paints and varnishes industry. Accidents are discussed in terms of exposure to solvents classified as hazardous to ecosystem components, the biosphere, anthroposphere, and the human population during their atmospheric dispersion. The vulnerability zones are designated using the REHRA (Rapid Environmental and Health Risk Assessment) methodology and their spatial arrangement is used to perform the risk assessment for the purpose of notifying authorized institutions and the public about a potentially increased risk at the hazard location and/or the immediate vicinity.

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Stone, Ronald B. "Underground storage of hazardous waste." Journal of Hazardous Materials 14, no. 1 (January 1987): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(87)87003-6.

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15

Yardımcı Dogan, Selin, Sezen Coskun, and Mehmet Beyhan. "An example of environmental risk assessment with L-type method: Cold storage in food industry." JOURNAL OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE 1, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.56768/10.56768/jytp.1.2.04.

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In this study, the environmental risk assessment for a cold storagefor food industry in the Mediterranean region was determined by the L matrix method. Waste amounts of the cold storage area and offices, possible environmental hazards have been identified. Environmental risks in wastewater, hazardous wastes, other solid wastes, and air pollution were analyzed for risk values. As a result, the activities with the highest environmental risk valueshave been identified as wastewater generation from fruit washing, mercury pollution that may occur due to fluorescent lamps from office and cold storage, contaminated packaging due to detergents to be used for cleaning in cold storage.

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16

Zernov, Anatoly. "Occupational risk management when working with chemicals." Okhrana truda i tekhnika bezopasnosti na promyshlennykh predpriyatiyakh (Labor protection and safety procedure at the industrial enterprises), no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-4-2008-01.

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Occupational risks associated with the use of chemicals in work are characteristic of specific industries, as well as of everyday processes, such as washing and cleaning of equipment and production facilities, storage and transportation of substances, and handling of hazardous waste. At the conference dedicated to occupational risk management, Anatoly Zernov, a specialist at RiskProf, spoke about chemical hazards, as well as emergency situations in chemical production.

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17

van Breugel, Klaas. "Storage System Criteria for Hazardous Products." Structural Engineering International 7, no. 1 (February 1997): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686697780495427.

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Ulhasanah, Nova, Dhea Umi Falentina Widanarko, Falia Ayu Erlingga, Elsyah Bhima Fitrah, Wira Aulia, Dessy Maya Sari, and Ari Rahman. "Design of Hazardous Waste Storage Area for Fecal Sludge Briquettes by Waste Impoundment in Indonesia." Journal of Sustainable Infrastructure 1, no. 1 (July 19, 2022): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.61078/jsi.v1i1.5.

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The high production and sufficient calorific value content of the fecal sludge make it can be made as a raw material for producing briquettes. This supports the world's program in an effort to create alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. The purpose of this research is to design a production building and storage of fecal sludge into briquettes in a sewage treatment company so as to minimize the potential hazards of the sludge (accidents in the work placement and the negative impact on the environmenty) as flammable hazardous waste. At the beginning of the design, 3 alternative designs were assessed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. the chosen alternative is alternative 3 with the proposed redesign of the briquette storage building, production site, and fecal sludge storage area separately, where the sludge storage area which was originally a hangar was converted into a waste impoundment system. The building design criteria for alternative 3 are fire-resistant buildings whose specifications are regulated by the Indonesian National Standard 03-1736-2000 and several other regulations (PERMENLHK No. 12, 2020 and BAPEDAL No. 1, 1995). With a planned storage duration of 1 year, the waste impoundment is designed to cover an area of 2304 m3 of fecal sludge, 72 storage drums for carbonated sludge, and 95 storage drums for fecal sludge briquesttes. In addition, the waste impoundment design is based on the PERMENLHK standard No. 12 of 2020. Waste impoundment can reduce the pH and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of hazardous waste to below the quality standard threshold. the acidity level of the waste can be neutral to pH 7.79 (threshold 6-9), and TSS down to 86.67 mg/l (threshold 200 mg/l). The results of this study can make a major contribution to the field of hazardous waste management, especially fecal sludge, not only for Indonesia but also for countries that have similar conditions.

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19

Millano, Elsie F., and Roy O. Ball. "Hazardous waste: Storage, disposal, remediation, and closure." Water Environment Research 67, no. 4 (June 1995): 570–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143095x135868.

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Millano, Elsie F. "Hazardous waste: storage, disposal, remediation, and closure." Water Environment Research 68, no. 4 (June 1996): 586–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143096x135533.

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Christiansson, R., and R. Jernlås. "Storage of hazardous waste at shallow depths." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 11, no. 1 (1996): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1996.011.01.32.

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Millano, Elsie F., Harold V. Jones, and Roy O. Ball. "Hazardous waste: storage, disposal, remediation, and closure." Water Environment Research 64, no. 4 (June 1992): 492–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1554-7531.1992.tb00033.x.

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Millano, Elsie F., Harold V. Jones, and Roy O. Ball. "Hazardous waste: storage, disposal, remediation, and closure." Water Environment Research 65, no. 4 (June 1993): 442–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1554-7531.1993.tb00076.x.

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Millano, Elsie F., Harold V. Jones, and Roy O. Ball. "Hazardous waste storage, disposal, remediation, and closure." Water Environment Research 66, no. 4 (June 1994): 456–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1554-7531.1994.tb00117.x.

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Sazan, Mohammed, and Farhan Salah. "Hospital hazardous waste management: Treatment, storage and disposal." Reciklaza i odrzivi razvoj 15, no. 1 (2022): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ror2101043a.

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Rapid population growth, industrialization, and growth of demand for raw materials for industrial and medical production result in generating a huge amount of hazardous waste. Hazardous waste is identified by its toxicity, flammability, and radioactivity characteristics. Disposing hazardous waste into the natural environment has a significant impact on health and all living things in the environment. Nowadays, numerous hospitals and industrial places generate a large amount of hazardous waste. The objective of this study is to evaluate the management system of hazardous hospital waste in Erbil city. Additionally, the focus is on hazardous hospital waste management and characterizations and situation of the waste in Erbil city as well. The generation rate of hazardous wastes from hospitals in Erbil city was collected for 12 months from 2015 to 2020. The results showed that the highest amount of medical hazardous waste was generated in 2019. Moreover, the number of onsite incineration centres should be increased to reduce the cost of storage and transportation.

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Vovkodav, G., О. Chernyakova, and К. Shcherbina. "The assessment of the environmental impact of the waste sludge and hazardous chemicals in the arroyo of Yasynov city of Kamyanske." Balanced nature using, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.1.2021.231878.

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The main structures of tailings and sludge facilities are tailings and sludge storage facilities, tailings and sludge hydraulic transportation facilities and circulating water supply facilities. Therefore, the assessment of the environmental impact of the sludge storage of waste and hazardous chemicals in the Yasinova arroyo of the city of Kamyanske is an urgent task for scientists and workers of the ore-processing industrial enterprises. The aim of the work is to assess the impact on the environment of the sludge storage of waste and hazardous chemicals in the Yasinova arroyo of the city of Kamyanske. The object of the study is the process of environmental pollution due to the activity of sludge from waste and hazardous chemicals in the Yasinova arroyo of the city of Kamyanske. The research subject is the reduction of the level of environmental pollution during the activity of the sludge storage’s waste and hazardous chemicals in the Yasinova arroyo of the city of Kamyanske. The initial data of the laboratory analysis of water samples were provided by the laboratory of OJSC Dniproazot. Regulatory and technical documentation is provided by the Department of Environmental Protection of the Department of Ecology and Natural Resources of the city of Kamyanske. The ecological situation in Kamyanske has long been characterized as a crisis. A significant excess of geochemical parameters of some elements in soils was recorded. Particular attention should be paid to the content of Ce and REE in the polymineral substance of tailings. Exceedances of the maximum concentration limits of Ni and Cu in the Konoplyanka River, which flows in the immediate vicinity of the tailings; which suggests an assumption that there is a migration of these elements from the tailings with groundwater and their accumulation near the river.

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Hayuanandra, Ajeng. "Tingkat Pengelolaan Limbah B3 Pada Industri Pariwisata Di Kecamatan Kuta Selatan." Jurnal Ilmiah Vastuwidya 3, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47532/jiv.v3i1.102.

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Kuta Selatan subdistrict is one of the tourism hotspots in Bali, as shown by the rates of development in the economic sector, especially in the tourism industry. The numbers of accommodations in Kuta Selatan, from 2018 data, are 329 non-star hotel, 33 five star hotels, 12 four star hotels, 12 three star hotels, 12 four star hotels and approximately 150 private villas (BPS,2019). Daily operation of hotels produces hazardous waste such as electronic waste, LED light, oil and chemical containers. Electronic waste is content with heavy metal such as mercury, lead, lithium and cadmium. Hazardous wastes that are released into the environment without any treatment can be harmful for public health. The purpose of this research is to know how far tourism industries, especially hotels and private villas, have implemented the requirements for hazardous waste management. Hazardous waste management consists of permits, container, storage, collection and treatment. Permits and temporary hazardous waste storage are mandatory requirements for hotels to have as a first step of the whole process of hazardous waste management. Based on the data collection from 150 samples, we are shown that 70% of hotels with a capacity of 300-400 rooms already have hazardous waste temporary storage as well as the permit. With smaller scale hotels, only 50% already have hazardous waste temporary storage, as well as the permit. In contrast, in small scale accommodation, such as hotels with a capacity under 100 rooms, and private villas, only 4 % have proper hazardous waste temporary storage.

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Puzach, S. V., Ya Yu Vashchenkova, R. G. Akperov та O. B. Boldrushkiev. "Оценка токсичности при пожаре нитроцеллюлозной кинопленки при ее хранении". Occupational Safety in Industry, № 2 (лютий 2023): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-2-55-61.

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During combustion of the nitrocellulose film, a significant amount of the toxic gases is released at the initial stage of the fire. This complicates the safe evacuation of film and photo storage personnel. The exact qualitative and quantitative composition of toxicants is unknown. Therefore, the assessment of the toxicity of combustion products of the above film is an urgent task. The purpose of the study is to experimentally determine the specific formation coefficients and partial density of the most hazardous toxic gases released during nitrocellulose film combustion. Modernization of a small-sized experimental setup was conducted, which allows to estimate the phosgene concentration. The composition of the film combustion products was experimentally studied. Experimental methods were are used for measuring and processing the combustion parameters of substances and materials, as well as the methods for analyzing the results obtained. During the experiments, the partial densities and specific formation coefficients of carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, phosgene, and nitrogen dioxide were obtained. Hydrogen cyanide and phosgene were found to be the most hazardous toxicants. The maximum weight is estimated related to the film placed in a room of a given volume, at which the partial densities of carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, phosgene and nitrogen dioxide do not reach the critical values for humans. The results obtained will allow expanding the database of combustible load on the specific coefficients of formation of the above compounds, which is used in the calculation of fire risks in the storage of film and photographic documents. During combustion of the nitrocellulose film as the most hazardous combustible load in these rooms, it is necessary to consider the time of blocking escape routes by carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, phosgene, and nitrogen dioxide.

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Millano, Elsie F. "Hazardous waste: storage, disposal, reme(liation, and closure." Water Environment Research 70, no. 4 (June 1998): 721–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143098x134451.

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Adelino, Muhammad Ilham, Meldia Fitri, and Ayu Sundari. "Re-layout of Temporary Storage Area for Toxic and Hazardous Waste using 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Sitsuke)." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 18, no. 2 (July 27, 2021): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v18i2.358-366.

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One of the industries that produces toxic and hazardous waste is rubber industry. This study was conducted in PT. Famili Raya. The problem was toxic and hazardous waste placed in an irregular placement and no follow the government regulations for storing and managing. This aims of this study were to redesign temporary storage area for hazardous waste based on 5S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke) and the regulation, Minister of Environment and Forestry No. 12/2020. The object of this study was temporary storage area for toxic and hazardous waste in PT. Famili Raya. The data used were current condition, actual dimensions of temporary storage area, dimensions of waste, input and output data, and dimensions of a forklift. The results obtained were the proposed layout using the 5S approach could be used to redesign the storage layout in the temporary storage area. Space utility could be reduced by 32,67%. The decrease in space utility did not reduce the maximum storage capacity for used batteries, used tubular lamp, used oil waste, and turpentine oil waste.

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Redic, Kimberly A., Kayleen Fang, Catherine Christen, and Bruce W. Chaffee. "Surface contamination of hazardous drug pharmacy storage bins and pharmacy distributor shipping containers." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 2 (November 17, 2016): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155216679027.

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Purpose This study was conducted to determine whether there is contamination on exterior drug packaging using shipping totes from the distributor and carousel storage bins as surrogate markers of external packaging contamination. Methods A two-part study was conducted to measure the presence of 5-fluorouracil, ifosfamide, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel and paclitaxel using surrogate markers for external drug packaging. In Part I, 10 drug distributor shipping totes designated for transport of hazardous drugs provided a snapshot view of contamination from regular use and transit in and out of the pharmacy. An additional two totes designated for transport of non-hazardous drugs served as controls. In Part II, old carousel storage bins (i.e. those in use pre-study) were wiped for snapshot view of hazardous drug contamination on storage bins. New carousel storage bins were then put into use for storage of the five tested drugs and used for routine storage and inventory maintenance activities. Carousel bins were wiped at time intervals 0, 8, 16 and 52 weeks to measure surface contamination. Results Two of the 10 hazardous shipping totes were contaminated. Three of the five-old carousel bins were contaminated with cyclophosphamide. One of the old carousel bins was also contaminated with ifosfamide. There were no detectable levels of hazardous drugs on any of the new storage bins at time 0, 8 or 16 weeks. However, at the Week 52, there was a detectable level of 5-FU present in the 5-FU carousel bin. Conclusions Contamination of the surrogate markers suggests that external packaging for hazardous drugs is contaminated, either during the manufacturing process or during routine chain of custody activities. These results demonstrate that occupational exposure may occur due to contamination from shipping totes and storage bins, and that handling practices including use of personal protective equipment is warranted.

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Jiang, Wei, Wei Han, Jiankai Zhou, and Zhishun Huang. "Analysis of Human Factors Relationship in Hazardous Chemical Storage Accidents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 27, 2020): 6217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176217.

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Human factors are important causes of hazardous chemical storage accidents, and clarifying the relationship between human factors can help to identify the logical chain between unsafe behaviors and influential factors in accidents. Therefore, the human factor relationship of hazardous chemical storage accidents was studied in this paper. First, the human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS), which originated from accident analysis in the aviation field, was introduced. Since some items were designed for aviation accident analysis, such as the item “Crew Resource Management”, it is not fully applicable to the analysis of hazardous chemical storage accidents. Therefore, this article introduced some modifications and changes to make the HFACS model suitable for the analysis of hazardous chemical storage accidents. Based on the improved HFACS model, 42 hazardous chemicals storage accidents were analyzed, and the causes were classified. After analysis, we found that under the HFACS framework, the most frequent cause of accidents is resource management, followed by violations and inadequate supervision, and finally the organizational process and technological environment. Finally, according to the statistical results for the various causes of accidents obtained from the improved HFACS analysis, the chi-square test and odds ratio analysis were used to further explore the relevance of human factors in hazardous chemical storage accidents. The 16 groups of significant causal relationships among the four levels of factors include resource management and inadequate supervision, planned inappropriate operations and technological environment, inadequate supervision and physical/mental limitations, and technological environment and skill-based errors, among others.

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Lechner, P., and P. Mostbauer. "Directions for hazardous waste storage and final disposal of treated hazardous waste (THW) in Austria." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 20-21, no. 1 (April 1989): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772248909357403.

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Prameswari, Stacia Dea, Muhammad Aang Nurhadi, Irfan Rizaldi, Mutiara Octaviani, I. Wayan Koko Suryawan, and Betanti Ridhosari. "DESIGN OF HAZARDOUS WASTE STATION IN XYZ RADIOACTIVE INDUSTRY." JURNAL ENVIROTEK 12, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/envirotek.v12i1.29.

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A hazardous waste station must be designed following Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.12 of 2020 concerning the Storage of Hazardous Waste so as not to cause environmental impacts. The purpose of this design is to improve the design criteria for the hazardous waste station in accordance with applicable regulations. The type and volume of hazardous waste storage have jerry can shape in 60 and 30-liter volumes, HDPE drum, and pallet. Each container is equipped with a symbol and label. Hazardous liquid waste and hazardous solid waste are designed with the dimensions of 10.66m x 8.2m and 8.65m x 8.2m. Each is equipped with coordinate, spill kit, fire extinguisher, pallet, shower & eyewash, and container. The new design of hazardous waste selected has met the requirements in the regulation, safe from outside interference and environmental impacts.

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Stejskal, V., J. Hubert, and A. Kubátová. "Associated-food-hazards: storage fungi and mites in poppy, mustard, lettuce and wheat." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10588-pps.

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Storage fungi and mites frequently cause injury of crops and contamination of crop agro-products (= “sensitive food ingredients”) by allergens and toxins. This may have serious practical consequences since currently the food safety is one of the most important priorities of EU-agricultural policy. However, the risk of occurrence of biotic-hazard in various agricultural product and food ingredients is not equal since they differ in their sensitivity to infestation/contamination by various fungi- and mite-hazards. Therefore, the goal of our study was to identify and review the fungi-hazards connected with occurrence of 5 key-species of mite-hazards, in 4 kinds of “sensitive food ingredients” that include poppy, mustards, lettuce and wheat grain. Different numbers of fungal-hazards (wheat: 44, poppy: 37, mustard: 13, lettuce: 31) were isolated from the tested 4 kinds of crop agro-product. This indicates that their sensitivity to mite-associated fungal infestation/contamination increases in the following order: mustard, lettuce, poppy, and wheat. Mite-hazards differ in their vector-capacity of various fungi-hazards. Generally, predatory mites (i.e. Cheyletus spp.) represent lower risk than fungivorous and herbivorous species of mites (i.e. Acarus siro, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Caloglyphus rhizoglyphoides) in terms of vectoring fungi hazards. Many of the mites and fungi hazards rarely occurred independently. We therefore propose that (i) such pest-hazard-systems (i.e. fungi-mite-hazard-systems) should be called “associated-hazards” (ii) the new and specific approaches to risk assessment of “associated hazards” should be developed and implemented into practice.

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Romberg, Barry A., Dennis M. Maguire, Richard L. Ranger, and Rod Hoffman. "MANAGING RISKS OF EXPLOSION DURING OIL RECOVERY, STORAGE, AND TRANSFER OPERATIONS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-427.

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ABSTRACT This paper examines explosion hazards while recovering spilled oil utilizing oil spill recovery barges. The risk of static accumulation and discharge is well understood after thorough investigations of several incidents in the 1970s and 1980s involving explosions on tank barges and vessels during petroleum cargo loading and unloading operations. However, those lessons learned only partially apply to oil spill recovery operations due to the differences in liquid properties, crew training, and additional tasks required during an oil spill response. While regulatory standards have been enacted for petroleum tankers and barges involved in commercial transportation of oil and other hazardous materials, the utility of these standards for oil spill response vessels has not been fully considered. Inverviews were conducted with marine transporters and response organizations to understand the wide range of operational risks and mitigation proceedures currently in use. This paper outlines the four basic conditions that must be present to create a static discharge-induced explosion during liquid cargo operations. A review of explosion casualty history was completed for cargo operations and compared to operations that create similar hazards during oil spill recovery operations. Specific processes that create additional risk of static-induced explosions during response operations were studied to review mitigation actions. Finally, recommendations for continued training are provided to help guide the spill response community when preparing for and responding to oil spills.

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Yachba, Khadidja, Shahin Gelareh, and Karim Bouamrane. "Storage Management of Hazardous Containers Using the Genetic Algorithm." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ttj-2016-0033.

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Abstract This work discusses the problem of dangerous containers storage in a container terminal. Container terminal represents an essential intermodal interfaces for global transportation network. Several materials handling possible to move containers at the port to better meet the needs of ships awaiting loading or unloading. Have a good organization of the terminal's container storage area requires a special effort. Containers search times can be considerable and lead to delays causing financial penalties for terminal management operators. An optimal location for a container in a terminal is very important for companies because this operation reduces transportation costs. In this article, we propose an approach for the placement problem of hazardous containers through the description of an optimization model to solve and optimize available storage space. The interest of this work is to develop a computer tool to enable the identification of the best location of a hazardous container using the Genetic Algorithm.

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Bennett, GaryF. "Storage and treatment of hazardous wastes in tank Systems." Journal of Hazardous Materials 22, no. 1 (January 1989): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(89)85034-4.

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Lee, P. R. "Safe storage and transportation of some potentially hazardous materials." Journal of Applied Chemistry 19, no. 12 (May 4, 2007): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010191203.

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Lu, Jianfeng, Xiaoxia Wang, and Jiahong Zhao. "Optimization of Emergency Supplies Scheduling for Hazardous Chemicals Storage Considering Risk." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 27, 2021): 10718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910718.

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Hazardous chemicals are harmful to the people around them during their storage, especially when an accident occurs. The allocation and scheduling of emergency materials, therefore, is an important imperative of emergency rescue services. Due to the harmful characteristics of dangerous goods, the storage risk of hazardous chemicals in emergency networks always exists, which threatens surrounding residents. To reduce the risk of hazardous chemicals storage in terms of emergency networks, the collaborative optimization of emergency materials allocation and scheduling from the perspective of risk is proposed in the present study. The risk assessment of dangerous goods storage in different stages is developed. Minimizing the total cost and risk, a bi-level programming model of emergency material allocation and scheduling for dangerous goods storage is formulated. Then, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) condition is introduced to transform the proposed model, and the solution method is designed based on an augmented ε-constraint method. Finally, the computational case is provided to demonstrate the workability of the proposed model and method.

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Yener, F., S. Kır, S. Cömert, and H. Yazgan. "Class Based Storage with Mixed Integer Linear Programming Approach for Hazardous Materials Storage." Acta Physica Polonica A 135, no. 4 (April 2019): 678–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.135.678.

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Liu, Tiezhong, Huyuan Zhang, and Hubo Zhang. "The Influence of Social Capital on Protective Action Perceptions Towards Hazardous Chemicals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041453.

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The stigmatized character of hazardous chemicals has caused individuals in hazards to take excessive protective actions. Here, social capital is introduced to discuss its influence on the protective action decision model (PADM), considering this variable has a relatively high individual trust level in regards to information on hazardous chemicals. A model was constructed by taking protective action perceptions as the dependent variable, social capital as the independent variable, the pre-decision process as the mediating variable, and socioeconomic status as the moderating variables. Data were collected with a neighborhood sampling method, and a total of 457 questionnaires were obtained from neighboring residents near a large cold ammonia storage house in Haidian District, Beijing. Results: While the family and friendship networks produced a larger positive influence, the kinship network produced a smaller positive influence; furthermore, the influence of social capital must be brought through the pre-decision process; finally, socioeconomic status has a directional moderation on the friendship network, an enhancing moderation on the kinship network, and a weakening moderation on the family network.

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MacCollum, David. "Design-Based Safety." Journal of System Safety 51, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56094/jss.v51i1.167.

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As both business enterprise and governmental activities become automated, reliability will be the measure of performance. The term “reliability” establishes an actual value of absolute dependable failure-free performance from all hazardous conditions or circumstances during a specific time period or cycles of operation. Reliability ensures for the reliable and safe design of products, facilities and systems of operation, production, construction, resource extraction, transportation and storage. To achieve reliability, design becomes the “Holy Grail of Safety.” The primary hindrance to achieving reliable safe performance is the intervention of human input. A choice of developing a reliable machine or system depends on either eliminating hazards that are activated by people or eliminating people with a completely autonomous system.

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Lee, Christopher, Ahmed O. Said, and Stanislav I. Stoliarov. "Impact of State of Charge and Cell Arrangement on Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium Ion Battery Cell Arrays." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 8 (April 25, 2019): 408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119845654.

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Lithium ion batteries are increasingly used in electrical energy storage systems despite their thermal and chemical hazards on failure. These hazards are magnified when multiple cells are combined together in a pack because of the risk of cascading failure. An experimental setup was utilized to investigate the dynamics, gaseous emissions, and energetics associated with thermal failure of cylindrical 18650 form factor, 2600 mAh, lithium cobalt oxide cathode cell arrays in an inert atmosphere. Cell state of charge (SOC) and arrangement were altered to investigate mitigation strategies and provide recommendations for safer battery pack design, transportation, and storage. Complete failure propagation was not prevented in any test, but decreasing to 50% SOC did result in propagation speeds 8.5 times slower than at 100% SOC. Introducing a 5 mm gap between cell rows also slowed propagation somewhat, but to a lesser degree than lowering SOC. Maximum temperatures, hazardous gas yields, and chemical heat generation were all reduced for cells at 50% SOC compared with 100% SOC, but introducing 5 mm gaps had little impact on these quantities. Limiting cells to 50% SOC was by far the most effective mitigation strategy tested, but no strategy was able to eliminate the failure propagation risk. Installing battery packs in inert environments, limiting SOC, and instituting gaps between certain cells can all be effective strategies to lessen the severity of cascading failure, but none of these strategies are individually sufficient for safe transportation and storage of battery packs.

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Farzadkia, Mahdi, Arash Moradi, Mojtaba Shah Mohammadi, and Sahand Jorfi. "Hospital waste management status in Iran: a case study in the teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 27, no. 4 (June 2009): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x09335703.

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Hospital waste materials pose a wide variety of health and safety hazards for patients and healthcare workers. Many of hospitals in Iran have neither a satisfactory waste disposal system nor a waste management and disposal policy. The main objective of this research was to investigate the solid waste management in the eight teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. In this cross-sectional study, the main stages of hospital waste management including generation, separation, collection, storage, and disposal of waste materials were assessed in these hospitals, located in Tehran city. The measurement was conducted through a questionnaire and direct observation by researchers. The data obtained was converted to a quantitative measure to evaluate the different management components. The results showed that the waste generation rate was 2.5 to 3.01 kg bed—1 day—1, which included 85 to 90% of domestic waste and 10 to 15% of infectious waste. The lack of separation between hazardous and non-hazardous waste, an absence of the necessary rules and regulations applying to the collection of waste from hospital wards and on-site transport to a temporary storage location, a lack of proper waste treatment, and disposal of hospital waste along with municipal garbage, were the main findings. In order to improve the existing conditions, some extensive research to assess the present situation in the hospitals of Iran, the compilation of rules and establishment of standards and effective training for the personnel are actions that are recommended.

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Stolecka, Katarzyna, and Andrzej Rusin. "Hazards associated with syngas storage." E3S Web of Conferences 137 (2019): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913701022.

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Energy needs of many countries are largely covered by energy obtained from fossil fuels. This in turn involves environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The growing environmental awareness and the need to prevent climate changes mean that clean energy and alternative energy sources are still a significant research issue. One of the most important technologies for efficient and low-carbon energy generation is the gasification process and synthesis gas production. Worldwide, there are now more than 270 such installations. More installations are under construction. Syngas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Depending on the feedstock, it can also contain smaller amounts of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen. The gasification process consists of four stages: syngas production, storage, transport and utilization, e.g. as fuel. Because syngas is mainly composed of flammable and toxic gases, in the event of an uncontrolled release into the atmosphere these processes may pose a potential hazard to humans and the environment. The paper presents the results of analyses related to hazards resulting from an uncontrolled release of gas at the stage of the gas storage, before it is transported or finally used. Hazard scenarios are presented and the probability of their occurrence as well as the consequences for humans and the environment are determined.

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Zhang, Luyu, Changxin Nai, Ya Xu, and Rui Xiang. "Risk assessment for hazardous waste storage site material aging and groundwater contamination." E3S Web of Conferences 369 (2023): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336901010.

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Storage sites are the main sites for solid waste storage and also involve environmental pollution risks, but the aging of geomembrane materials and the evolution of defects in hazardous waste storage yards in service environment, which may lead to long-term increase in leakage and sudden increase in pollution risks, have received less attention from scholars. Taking a hazardous waste storage site in northern China (the main solid waste is cadmium-containing slag) as an example, the geomembrane damage characteristics (vulnerability density) and aging characteristics (aging onset time and half-life) were obtained through on-site dipole testing and laboratory geomembrane performance assessment. On the basis of this, we used a hydrological process assessment model (HELP) to simulate the rainfall-evaporation-runoff-infiltration and leachate generation processes under regional scale conditions, and a landfill groundwater contamination risk simulation model (Landsim) to simulate the lateral discharge-leakage processes inside the storage site and the migration-diffusion behavior in the saturated-unsaturated zone after leakage under the aging and defect evolution of geomembrane materials.

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Restiawaty, Elvi, Yazid Bindar, Christian Aslan, and Alif Lutfia Masduqi. "Mercury Elemental Storage Tank Design." Reaktor 20, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.20.2.57-67.

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Mercury is a liquid metal that has properties such as toxic, persistent, bioaccumulating, and its vapor can spread around sources so that it is harmful to humans. Despite having dangerous properties, mercury is found in some goods, products, and also waste. Mercury is indicated to be used in several industries, such as artisanal and small-scale gold mining and coal-fired steam power plants. Based on health and environmental considerations, mercury must ultimately be removed from the eco cycle. Mercury storage systems in the long term must be solved so that sustainable development for future generations can be achieved. Currently, there is still no mercury storage system in Indonesia with a good standard design, so the conceptual design study of the mercury elemental storage system is important. In this paper, the storage tanks with a mercury capacity of 35 kilograms, one tonne, and two tonnes were designed to meet mercury storage standards. Several design criteria were used as model development, such as storage capacity, height level, safety factor material, storage temperature, tank life span, and symbols and label. The design results presented in this paper are dimension and engineering drawing of the storage tanks and attributes like spill tray, pallet, and rack.Keywords: environment; hazardous and toxic material; Indonesia; mercury; storage tanks

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Hu, Xu. "Assessment of Emergency Medical Rescue Ability of Secondary and Tertiary Hospitals in One City Responding to the Risk of Production and Storage of Hazardous Chemicals." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19002140.

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Introduction:With the development of the economy and the expansion of the hazardous chemicals industry in one city, it is necessary for the city to establish an evaluation model of emergency medical rescue capability for hazardous chemicals production, storage, and exposure risk.Aim:Establish an emergency medical rescue capacity evaluation model for secondary and higher hospitals in a city to deal with exposure risks of hazardous chemicals.Methods:1.Develop an expert consultation form2.Develop a survey on the status quo of emergency medical rescue capacity of hospitals in secondary and above hospitals in response to exposure and risk of hazardous chemicals production and storage.3.Calculate the weights of the first, second, and third-grade indicators, and establish a comprehensive evaluation model for the rescue capacity assessment of Chengdu hospitals.Results:Five levels of first-level indicators were obtained, namely, the weights of the five indicators of “centralized admission ability,” “hospital comprehensive ability,” “emergency management ability,” “material equipment capability,” and “health emergency team” were 0.2884, 0.2219, 0.1938, 0.1507, and 0.1453, respectively.Discussion:The establishment of an emergency medical rescue capacity evaluation model for the risk of exposure and storage of hazardous chemicals in secondary and higher hospitals in a city is related to five capabilities, the most important of which is the ability to focus on admission.

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Al-Rawhani, N. M., and V. N. Alekhin. "Risk assessment in storage tanks of the oil and gas industry." Dependability 23, no. 2 (June 5, 2023): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2023-23-2-3-11.

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Aim. Accidents at oil and gas facilities are among the main causes of environmental pollution and loss of life. In the interests of solving the problem of ensuring the safety of oil and gas facilities, a review of the state of oil and gas facilities in the republic of Yemen was carried out, statistical data on accidents were analysed, defined the events that cause a fire in hazardous situations and build scenarios for the occurrence and development of fires through the study of an accident in the Aden refinery, also assessment of the mass of flammable substances entering the surrounding space as a result of fire hazardous situations, construction of fields of hazardous factors of fire for various scenarios of its development, assessment of the consequences of exposure to hazardous fire factors on people, and a base was developed for risk assessment and management.

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