Готові списки джерел за темами / Half band filter

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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Half band filter"

1

Parameshappa, G., and D. Jayadevapp. "Efficient uniform digital filter bank with linear phase and FRM technique for hearing aids." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.9 (March 1, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.9.9738.

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This paper attempts to present an uniform digital filter bank based on linear phase FIR and IIR filters applied for Frequency Response Masking (FRM) technique in hearing aid applications.In the proposed filter bank, nine uniformly spaced sub-bands are formed with the help of half band filters and masking filters. These nine channel FIR filter bank is realized using an interpolated half band linear phase FIR filter and an appropriate number of masking FIR filters. The nine channel IIR filter bank is realized using an interpolated half band approximately linear phase IIR filter and an appropriate number of masking filters. The proposed approximately linear phase IIR half band filter bank is compared with filter bank based on linear phase FIR half band filters in terms of area, power, memory and number of gates needed for implementation. The experiment was carried on various hearing loss cases and the results obtained from these tests proves that, the proposed filter bank achieved the required matching between audiograms and magnitude response of the filter bank at very reasonable range with less computational complexity.
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2

Wu, Jun, and Chao Fan Zhang. "Half-Band Filter Design Based on MATLAB and FPGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2027–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2027.

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Half-band filter is a linear phase FIR filter, which is symmetric-even and odd .Because the coefficient of half-band filter is symmetrical and nearly half of the coefficient are zero, it make the filters reduce the number of multiplication operations by almost 3 / 4, and the number of addition operations by nearly half . The memory used to store filter coefficients are also reduced by half, so it make the implementation of efficient real-time digital signal processing more conducive. The half-band filter has many characteristics: for instance, simple structure, easy to implement and excellent performance, it is widely used in multi-rate system. This paper first describes the principle of half-band FIR filter, the character and method for implementation, then puts forward the design and simulation process which is based on MATLAB and Xilinx's half-band filter, and at last analyses the result.
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3

Edison Singh, M. "A Compact Wide Stopband Band Pass SIW Filter For K-Band Applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2236, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2236/1/012012.

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Abstract Direct coupled filters have narrow stopband due to higher order modes passband. A compact dual layer band pass filter is proposed with wide stop band. The proposed filter provides the return loss of 16.87db and insertion loss of 2.5dB at the passband frequency 20.9 GHz. The filter size is half of the conventional direct coupled filters. The stop band covers up to 40 GHz with insertion loss below 35dB. The filter has no slot which makes it immune to the EMI/EMC problems.
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4

NERURKAR, SHAILESH B., and KHALID H. ABED. "LOW POWER DIGITAL DECIMATION FILTER FOR RF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 17, no. 02 (April 2008): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126608004241.

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In this paper, we present a unique low power decimation filter architecture for RF wireless applications. To implement the low power decimation filter, we considered low power design techniques such as multi-rate, multi-stage signal processing, proper selection of decimation factor, one multiplier realization of 1/3-band filters, and poly-phase 1/2-band filters. We have designed three conventional decimation filter architectures using a single-stage FIR filter, a three-stage FIR filter, and a three-stage half-band FIR filter. Compared to the 55-tap comb-FIR filter architecture, the proposed decimation filter has only 13 taps, and requires 76% less hardware and consumes 64% less power.
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5

Radonjic, Aleksandar, and Jelena Certic. "Analysis of half-band approximately linear phase IIR filter realization structure in MATLAB." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 28, no. 4 (2015): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1504611r.

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In this paper a detailed analysis of an atypical filter structure in MATLAB Filter Design and Analysis (FDA) Tool is presented. As an example of atypical filter structure, the IIR half-band filter with approximately linear phase realized as a parallel connection of two all-pass branches was examined. We compare two types of those filters obtained by two different design algorithms. FDA tool was used for the experiment because different effects of the fixed point implementation can be simulated easily. One of the goals of this paper was to compare results obtained by two different design algorithms. In addition, different realizations of the filter structure based on the parallel connection of two all-pass branches were examined.
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6

Fliege, N. J. "Half-band bandpass filters and filter banks with almost perfect reconstruction." Signal Processing 35, no. 1 (January 1994): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1684(94)90191-0.

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7

Sharma, Priyanka. "Designing of 2-D Half Band FIR Filter." International Journal of Computer Applications 73, no. 14 (July 26, 2013): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/12813-0160.

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8

Cho, Woon, Daewon Chung, Yunsun Kim, Ingyun Kim, and Joonhyeon Jeon. "Design of FIR Half-Band Filter With Controllable Transition-Band Steepness." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 52144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3069985.

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9

Sengar, Kanchan, and Arun Kumar. "Fractional Order Capacitor in First-Order and Second-Order Filter." Micro and Nanosystems 12, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876402911666190821100400.

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Background: Fractional order Butterworth and Chebyshev (low-pass filter circuits, highpass filter circuits and band-pass filters circuits) types of first and second order filter circuits have been simulated and their transfer function are derived. The effect of change of the fractional order α on the behavior of the circuits is investigated. Objective: This paper presents the use of fractional order capacitor in active filters. The expressions for the magnitude, phase, the quality factor, the right-phase frequencies, and the half power frequencies are derived and compared with their previous counterpart. Methods: The circuits have been simulated using Orcad as well as MATLAB for the different value of α. We have developed the fractional gain and phase equations for low pass filter circuits, high pass filter circuits and band pass filter circuits in Sallen-Key topology. Results: It is observed that the bandwidth increases significantly with fractional order other than unity for the low pass as well as high pass and band pass filters. Conclusion: We have also seen that in the frequency domain, the magnitude and phase plots in the stop band change nearly linearly with the fractional order. If we compare the fractional Butterworth filters for low-pass and high-pass type with conventional filters then we find that the roll-off rate is equal to the next higher order filter.
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10

Cui, Zhichao, Haigang Hou, Shahid Hussain, Guiwu Liu, and Guanjun Qiao. "Study on Innovative Flexible Design Method for Thin Film Narrow Band-Pass Filters." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3176.

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The thin film narrow band-pass filters are widely used in precision optical systems such as gas detection, fiber optic communication and optical analysis instruments due to their unique optical characteristics. However, as the applications become more widespread, the problems of regulating the half bandwidth and cut-off bandwidth of the thin film narrow band-pass filters based on the Fabry-Perot (F-P) principle are becoming more apparent. In this work, we took the thin film narrow band-pass filter with a center wavelength of 450 nm as the design target, and comprehensively optimized the film system based on standard F-P principle to obtain the film systems with different half bandwidths and their systematic adjustment methods. The half bandwidth can be adjusted effectively by using the conventional half bandwidth control methods such as increasing the interference orders and the number of mirror layers or the cavities, but it is quite difficult to accurately obtain the filters with various half bandwidths since the adjustment range is too large. Based on the principle of equivalent refractive index, the optical thicknesses of the high and low refractive index film layers of the mirror layers were modified in an unconventional way, and thus the half bandwidth can be flexibly adjusted. Moreover, the standard F-P narrow band-pass filter film system was also modified by the principle of induced transmission film system to achieve a significant broadening of the cut-off bandwidth.
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Дисертації з теми "Half band filter"

1

Воргуль, О. В. "Approaches Half Band Filter Realization for Means FPGA." Thesis, NURE, MC&FPGA, 2019. https://mcfpga.nure.ua/conf/2019-mcfpga/10-35598-mcfpga-2019-015.

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2

Воргуль, О. В. "Approaches Half Band Filter Realization for Means FPGA." Thesis, NURE, MC&FPGA, 2019. https://mcfpga.nure.ua/conf/2019-mcfpga/10-35598-mcfpga-2019-015.

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3

Bajramovic, Jasko. "FPGA Implementation of an Interpolator for PWM applications." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10406.

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In this thesis, a multirate realization of an interpolation operation is explored. As one of the requirements for proper functionality of the digital pulse-width modulator, a 16-bit digital input signal is to be upsampled 32 times. To obtain the required oversampling ratio, five separate interpolator stages were designed and implemented. Each interpolator stage performed uppsampling by a factor of two followed by an image-rejection lowpass FIR filter. Since, each individual interpolator stage upsamples the input signal by a factor of two, interpolation filters were realized as a half-band FIR filters. This kind of linear-phase FIR filters have a nice property of having every other filter coefficient equal to zero except for the middle one which equals 0.5. By utilizing the half-band FIR filters for the actual realization of the interpolation filters, the overall computational complexity was substantially reduced. In addition, several multirate techniques have been utilized for deriving more efficient interpolator structures. Hence, the impulse response of individual interpolator filters was rewritten into its corresponding polyphase form. This further simplifies the interpolator realization. To eliminate multiplication by 0.5 in one of two polyphase subfilters, the filter gain was deliberately increased by a factor of two. Thus, one polyphase path only contained delay elements. In addition, for the realization of filter multipliers, a multiple constant multiplication, (MCM), algorithm was utilized. The idea behind the MCM algorithm, was to perform multiplication operations as a number of addition operations and appropriate input signal shifts. As a result, less hardware was needed for the actual interpolation chain implementation. For the correct functionality of the interpolator chain, scaling coefficients were introduced into the each interpolation stage. This is done in order to reduce the possibility of overflow. For the scaling process, a safe scaling method was used. The actual quantization noise generated by the interpolator chain was also estimated and appropriate system adjustments were performed.

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4

Verma, Sanjay Chandra. "Design of half-band filters to construct orthonormal wavelets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq36090.pdf.

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5

Fatine, Steven Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Electronics. "Design and VLSI implementation of CMOS decimation and interpolation half-band FIR digital filters." Ottawa, 1996.

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6

BHANDARI, CHURNA B. "FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY OF ELECTRONIC AND VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES OF BULK AND MONOLAYER V2O5." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459296089.

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7

Vorgul, O. "Approaches Half Band Filter Realization for Means FPGA." Thesis, 2019. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/17531.

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8

Kuo, Liang-Chi, and 郭良吉. "Ferromagnetic Instability in an Almost Hall-filled s-band." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92777027969512416924.

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Анотація:
碩士
中原大學
應用物理研究所
90
Abstract After the fact that the ferromagnetic state with one hole in a narrow band is ground state has been verified, next comes the question whether the ferromagnetic state with two holes is still the ground state. Researchers have presented diverse ways of taking approximations and doing calculation, but there is no rigorous proof for two holes, and the stability of the ferromagnetic state is still an unsolved problem. In this thesis, we use Hubbard model, which is presented in 1963 and tight binding method for energy bands to study the problem. The model is determined by a nearest-neighbor transfer matrix t and on-site repulsion U. We take further limit U= to simplify the consideration. In conclusion, for two holes, we are able to obtain a singlet state with lower energy than that of ferromagnetic state. The ferromagnetic state is no longer the ground state as soon as two holes are present.
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9

LU, YU-CHEN, and 呂育臻. "Study of Compact Low Losses Multi-Band Bandpass Filters Using Half Wavelength Stepped Impedance Resonator." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8j5aa2.

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Анотація:
碩士
崑山科技大學
電腦與通訊研究所
107
This thesis mainly studies the development of planar multi-pass bandpass filters. The proposed filter with low insertion loss and good passband selectivity to provide a design bandpass filters with simplicity and flexibility. Two type of novel multi-band bandpass filter are presented in this study. The first type is compact quad-band bandpass filter (BPF) using stepped impedance resonators (SIRs). The filter is designed to have quad-band at 1.2, 2.4, 3.5 and 5.2 GHz. The four passbands are simultaneously generated by controlling the impedance and length ratios of the traditional and half wavelength stepped impedance resonators. The filter can provide the multi-path propagation to enhance the frequency response and achieving the compact circuit size. The second type is a compact quint-band bandpass filter (BPF) with multi transmission zero using stepped impedance resonators (SIRs). The five passbands are simultaneously generated by controlling the impedance ratios (K) and length ratios (α) of the stepped impedance resonators (SIRs). The filter can provide the three-path propagation to enhance the frequency response, generating multi transmission zeros and achieving the compact circuit size. The measured results have good agreement with the full-wave EM simulation results.
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10

Kao, Min-Chi, and 高明志. "QMF Banks Optimization Based on Derivative Information and Low-Complexity Design of Two-Channel Subband Filters Using Short Modular Half-Band Filters." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40212442694390363151.

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Анотація:
博士
國立交通大學
電子工程系
88
The dissertation is concerned with three key issues of filter bank design, namely, responses optimization, low computational complexity, and low finite-precision-error realization of subband filters. In particular, this dissertation is divided into two parts: (I) Quadrature-Mirror-Filter (QMF) banks optimization based on derivative information, and (II) low-complexity design and realization of 1-D/2-D two-channel subband filters using short modular half-band/Nyquist(M) filters. The first part focuses on the optimization of QMF banks. New types of objective functions, utilizing derivative information of the reconstruction error in z-domain, are proposed. New designs of QMF banks using the objective functions are studied. Efficient design algorithms for low-delay QMF banks and linear-phase QMF banks are developed. From simulations, the new designs can achieve better results than the conventional design based on the standard least-square-error objective function. The second part focuses on the low-complexity design and realization of subband filters with good numerical properties. We devise novel low-complexity composition schemes for the design and realization of 1-D half-band filters, 1-D two-channel biorthogonal filter banks, 2-D Nyquist(M) filters, and 2-D two-channel diamond/quadrant filter banks, all with narrow transition band and high frequency selectivity. The existing design methods either result in high-performance but high-complexity subband filters or low-complexity but low-performance subband filters. The new schemes provide simple and efficient methods for synthesizing high-performance low-complexity subband filters with good numerical property for finite-precision realization. The synthesis process involves frequency response sharpening. For the low-complexity design and realization of 1-D half-band filters, the proposed scheme is based on an algebraic iterative composition method using adjustable short modular half-band filters. The modular filters can be user selectable as simple ones as desired. Specifically, the designed higher-order half-band filters can be made multiplierless if the modular filters are multiplierless. For the low-complexity design and realization of 1-D biorthogonal linear-phase filter banks, the proposed algebraic iterative composition scheme utilizes the solution of filter bank with two half-band filters. The resulting analysis filters are not only sharp but also low-complexity, which are composed of several short modular half-band filters. The 1-D schemes are extended to the synthesis of 2-D Nyquist(M) filters and two-channel nonseparable diamond/quadrant filter banks with sharp responses. Short modular 2-D Nyquist(M) filters, preferably multiplier-free ones, are used. Based on the proposed schemes, half-band/Nyquist(M) filters and 1-D/2-D filter banks can be synthesized in a tree-like multi-stage cascaded structure with considerably reduced arithmetic operations (that can be made multiplierless). Simulations are shown to validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
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Частини книг з теми "Half band filter"

1

Rahulkar, Amol D., and Raghunath S. Holambe. "Features Based on Triplet Half-Band Wavelet Filter-Banks." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 23–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06767-4_2.

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2

Huang, Xiaohong, and Zhaohua Wang. "Novel Approach for the Design of Half-Band Filter." In Information Computing and Applications, 581–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16167-4_74.

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3

Lieb, Elliott H. "Flux Phase of the Half-Filled Band." In Condensed Matter Physics and Exactly Soluble Models, 79–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06390-3_5.

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4

Milic, Ljiljana D., and Miroslav D. Lutovac. "Efficient Multirate Filtering." In Multirate Systems, 105–42. IGI Global, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-930708-30-3.ch004.

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Application of multirate techniques to improve digital filter design and implementation are considered in this chapter. FIR and IIR filter design and implementation for sampling rate conversion by integer and rational factors are presented. Sharp narrow-band and wide-band multirate design techniques are discussed. Accurate designs of FIR and IIR half-band filters are described in detail. Several examples are provided to illustrate the multirate approach to filter design.
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5

Milic, Ljiljana. "Examples of Multirate Filter Banks." In Multirate Filtering for Digital Signal Processing, 347–84. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-178-0.ch012.

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The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate by means of examples the construction of the analysis and synthesis filter banks with the use of FIR and IIR two-channel filter banks as the basic building blocks. In Chapter VIII, we have discussed the design and properties of several types of complementary filter pairs, and in Chapters IX and X we have shown how those filter pairs are used in the synthesis of digital filters with sharp spectral constraints. In this chapter, we demonstrate the application of the complementary filter pairs as two-channel filter banks used to decompose the original signal into two channel signals and to reconstruct the original signal from the channel signals. Signal decomposition is referred to as the signal analysis, whereas the signal reconstruction is referred to as the signal synthesis. Thereby, the filter bank used for the signal decomposition is called the analysis filter bank, and the bank used for signal reconstruction is called the synthesis filter bank. The two-channel filter bank is usually composed of a pair of lowpass and highpass halfband filters, which satisfy some complementary properties. The bandwidth that occupies each of two channel signals is a half of the original signal bandwidth. Hence, the channel signals can be processed with the sampling rate which is a half of the original signal sampling rate. At the output of the analysis bank, the channel signals are down-sampled-by-two and then processed at the lower sampling rate. For the signal reconstruction, each of two channel signals has to be up-sampled-by-two first, and then fed into the synthesis bank. The sampling rate alteration in the two-channel filter bank causes the unwanted effects: the downsampling produces aliasing, and the up-sampling produces imaging. The essential feature of the two-channel filter bank is that the aliasing produced in the analysis side can be compensated in the synthesis side. This is achieved by choosing the proper combination of filters in the analysis and synthesis banks. The elimination of aliasing opens the possibility of the perfect (and nearly perfect) reconstruction of the original signal. The perfect reconstruction means that the signal at the output of the cascade connection of the analysis and synthesis bank is a delayed replica of the original input signal. Constructing perfect reconstruction and nearly perfect reconstruction analysis/synthesis filter banks is an unbounded area of research. An important and widely used application of the two-channel filter banks is the construction of multichannel filter banks based on the tree-structures where the two-channel filter bank is used as a building block. In this way, a multilevel multichannel filter bank can be obtained with either uniform or nonuniform separation between the channels. The two-channel filter banks are particularly useful in generating octave filter banks. Depending on applications, the filter bank can be requested to provide frequency-selective separation between the channels, or to preserve the original waveform of the signal. The example applications of the frequency-selective filter banks are audio and telecommunication applications. The importance of preserving the original waveform is related with the images. In the case of the discrete-time wavelet banks, the frequency-selectivity is less important. The main goal is to preserve the waveform of the signal. The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate by means of MATLAB examples the signal analysis and synthesis based on the two-channel filter banks. We give first a brief review of the properties of the two-channel filter banks with the conditions for aliasing elimination. We discuss the perfect reconstruction and nearly perfect reconstruction properties and show the solutions based on FIR and IIR QMF banks and the orthogonal two-channel filter banks. In the sequel, the tree-structured multichannel filter banks are considered. The process of signal decomposition and reconstruction is illustrated by means of examples.
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6

Walton, David J., and Fred J. Davis. "The synthesis of conducting polymers based on heterocyclic compounds." In Polymer Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198503095.003.0011.

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Polymers are best known for their effectiveness as electrical insulators, indeed electrical wiring throughout the world is now sheathed in plastic. However, it was recognized early on that polymers with an appropriate structure ought to be able to conduct electricity. Unfortunately, the same features that might allow this phenomenon also introduce intractability and processing difficulties. As a consequence, it was not until the mid-1970s that the potential of these materials was explored and better-defined materials started to be made. There are now numerous polymers with substantial electrical conductivities and the topic of electrically conducting polymers still continues to excite with many hundreds of new publications printed each year. The backbone structures of some of conjugated polymers are given in Table 6.1. In this chapter we shall deal with electrochemical and chemical syntheses of some relatively simple examples. For electrical conductivity, it is necessary to transfer charge along a conjugated chain, between chains, and also along grain boundaries or between particles. The most energetically difficult process will control the rate of charge transport and this will vary with nature of the polymer, its physical form, and other parameters, but in all cases conjugation along the chain is necessary although it is not sufficient for carbonaceous polymers to simply possess a conjugated chain. To promote conductivity π-overlap along the entire polymer chain length is required to give a half-filled band of delocalized π -electrons. In real systems, distortions of the bonds disrupt the conjugation, and the materials are generally semiconductors. The higher metallic conduction can be achieved by a process known as doping in which electrons are added or more generally removed from the conjugated system (although this is not same as the doping process found in semiconductor technology) The simplest conjugated polymer chain is a polyacetylene chain. Such materials can be prepared by coordination polymerization, or using a sophisticated route involving the degradation of a soluble precursor polymer.
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Fox, Michael H. "Back to the Future: Nuclear Power." In Why We Need Nuclear Power. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199344574.003.0010.

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Nuclear power is considered by many to be an old technology locked in the past— they say the future is with solar and wind. Commercial nuclear power began in 1951 when Russia built the first civilian nuclear power reactor, followed by the British in 1956 and the Americans in 1957. In the 1960s and 1970s, nuclear power plants blossomed all over the world. There were 42 reactors in the United States in 1973; by 1990 there were 112. Some of these were closed, so by 1998 there were 104 operating nuclear reactors (the same number operating at the end of 2012) providing about 100 GWe (gigawatts electric ) to the grid. Worldwide, there were 432 operating nuclear reactors as of mid-2013. Nuclear reactors have been providing about 20% of the electricity in the United States for over 20 years, with no emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ). France gets nearly 75% of its electricity from nuclear power, the highest proportion of any nation. Germany and Japan each got more than 25% of their electricity from nuclear power in 2010; though Germany shut down about half of its reactors, Japan temporarily shut down all of its reactors, and both are considering permanently closing down their reactors after the accident in Fukushima, Japan, in 2011. So nuclear power has been providing electricity for over 50 years and plays a major role in the energy mix for a number of countries. But nuclear power is also critically important for an energy future that will meet our electrical power needs with minimal production of greenhouse gases and benign effects on the environment. We must go back to the future if we want to make serious inroads into reducing greenhouse gases and global warming. To see why nuclear power is critical for the future, let’s begin our journey by touring a nuclear power plant. The Wolf Creek nuclear power plant sits on the flat plains of Kansas about 60 miles south of Topeka and 4 miles from Burlington, about 200 miles east of the wheat fields I farmed as a kid. A 5,090-acre lake filled with crappie, walleye, large and smallmouth bass, and other game fish provides cooling water for the reactor and also provides a fishing mecca for Kansans. The 10,500-acre site, including the reactor complex and the lake, has about 1,500 acres of wildlife habitat, and about one-third is leased to area farmers and ranchers. The plant itself takes up less than half a square mile. The lake provides habitat for waterfowl, as well as for bald eagles and osprey. It is hard to imagine that electricity for 800,000 people is generated in this pristine area of farmland and nature preserve.
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Colopy, Cheryl. "Dirty, Sacred Rivers." In Dirty, Sacred Rivers. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199845019.003.0008.

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I wanted to see the source of what we in the West call the Ganges. Here in South Asia people call it Mother Ganga, Gangaji, the Great Ganga. At the edge of the icy river that flows from the Gangotri glacier I scooped Gangajal—Ganges water—into plastic soft drink bottles. I planned to take some of this water to friends in Kathmandu, practicing Hindus for whom the drops of glacial melt would have spiritual meaning. Along with its tremendous religious and ritual value, the water of the Ganga has been shown to be both antimicrobial and richer in oxygen than that of other rivers. Revered beyond all others, this river is now abused in equal measure: harnessed for hydropower near its holy mountain source, polluted with every imaginable waste as it runs its course for more than 1,500 miles across the widest part of the Indian subcontinent. One of the Ganga’s main and equally sacred tributaries, the Yamuna, flows through Delhi. Delhi, a city of more than fifteen million, owes its existence to this river, which is now dead at its doorstep. Industrial effluents pour in upriver, then Delhi adds its sewage. During my first trip to Delhi in January 2007, I went down to the edge of the Yamuna. I wanted to see just how bad the river’s reputed pollution might be. First I saw the barren ground along the riverside, strewn with rubble from the construction of a nearby bridge. There was little to tell me that this area was also the site of regular religious practice where people come to do puja, take a little of the water to splash on their heads, throw some flowers into the river. Bunching up in the eddies under the bridge pylons were stray bits of colored plastic and plastic shopping bags bloated with garbage, floating like sagging baloons half filled with air. They mingled with broken yellow marigolds scattered in the water and bright red flowers set afloat in little cups by those who had come to worship by the river.
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van Santen, Rutger, Djan Khoe, and Bram Vermeer. "Our Planet." In 2030. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195377170.003.0011.

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Mahatma Gandhi supposedly once said: “It took Britain half the resources of the planet to achieve its prosperity. How many planets will a country like India require?” Translated to the world order of today, his question would be: “What if China would aspire to the standards of living of the United States?” Our planet is certainly flexible. A quarter of its surface has been plowed up, and its atmosphere, soil, and water have been fundamentally altered in many places. Humanity now extracts more nitrogen from the air than nature does, and we use more water than all the rivers put together. It’s a miracle that Earth’s systems have been able to withstand these interventions as effectively as they have. Many parts of the world are cleaner than they were a century ago. Pollutants like sulphur, nitrogen, and small particles are now routinely filtered from exhaust pipes and chimneys. We’ve mastered the problems of acidification and smog. But those were the easy tasks. The fact that we dealt with bad things in the past is no guarantee of a rosy future. Interference in our environment is too great for that. Humanity continues its assault on the planet. The toughest problems remain unsolved. The truth is that we are already consuming more than one Earth can support. Just as a company can spend more than it earns by selling its assets, we are eating into Earth’s capital, which was accumulated during thousands of years. In a report published by a group of leading scientists, it was concluded that we already have transgressed safe planetary boundaries in many respects. We already have surpassed the carrying capacity of Earth’s climate with a factor of 1.5, we are at a tenfold rate of bearable biodiversity loss, we extract four times more nitrogen from natural cycles than can be considered sustainable, and we are at the tolerable thresholds of the phosphorus cycle, ocean acidification, and stratospheric ozone depletion. Human civilization is out of kilter with the natural environment. We are using considerably more than one Earth. Many subsystems of Earth react in a nonlinear, often abrupt, way.
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Pournelle, Jerry. "How to Protect Yourself from Hoaxes, Frauds, and Identity Theft." In 1001 Computer Words You Need to Know. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195167757.003.0013.

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There are two basic categories of Internet lies: frauds, where the object is to get your money, and hoaxes, where the primary object is just to pull your chain, but there can be far-reaching consequences as well. Hoaxes give the perpetrators ego gratification as they watch their creation spread throughout the Internet. Frauds may give the perpetrators your life savings, and give you months—maybe years—of hassle as you try to repair your credit record and retrieve your very identity. Hoaxes—Hoaxes are spread by e-mail and come in an endless variety of guises. There are, for example, fake virus warnings, chain letters promising riches if you follow their instructions (or threatening dire consequences if you don’t); urban myths about women in peril, dogs in microwaves, and hypodermic needles on theater seats; letters that tug at your heart strings or appeal to your greedy side; Internet petitions (often based on false information); and letters claiming that Bill Gates wants to give you money. Yeah, right. Even the most “innocent” hoaxes are harmful. At the very least, they take up your time, and they try to get you to forward them to other people as well. If you forward a letter to just 40 people, and each of them does the same, and so on, then after just four steps, more than two and a half million copies will have been sent out. That’s a lot of wasted time and wasted bandwidth. These letters can also contain dangerous misinformation and bad advice. One example is a common letter advising women not to stop when pulled over by the highway patrol, but instead to dial #77 on their cell phones to talk to the police—a wrong number in 48 of the 50 states! Perhaps the most common example is the virus hoax—typically a letter forwarded by someone you know warning you that if you find a certain file on your computer it means you are infected with a virus.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Half band filter"

1

Vorgul, Oleksandr. "Approaches Half Band Filter Realization for Means FPGA." In Theoretical and Applied Aspects of Device Development on Microcontrollers and FPGAs. Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35598/mcfpga.2019.015.

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Gruchala, Henryk, and Bronislaw Stec. "Interdigital Band-Pass Filter with Half-Wave Resonators." In 18th European Microwave Conference, 1988. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/euma.1988.333933.

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3

Tsai, Chimin. "Design of Quadrature Mirror Filter Banks Using Complex Half-Band Filters." In 2011 International Conference on Multimedia and Signal Processing (CMSP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmsp.2011.53.

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4

Muqeet, Mohd Abdul, and Raghunath S. Holambe. "Face recognition using LDA based generalized half band polynomial wavelet filter bank." In 2016 International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization Techniques (ICEEOT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceeot.2016.7755601.

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5

Gu, Jian, Yong Fan, and Dakui Wu. "A LTCC band pass filter based on half-mode SICC structure." In 2010 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmmt.2010.5524982.

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6

DeBrunner, L. S., V. DeBrunner, Xiaojuan Hu, O. Demuynck, and A. Swartztrauber. "A reduced-space half-band filter design on an Actel FPGA." In Conference Record. Thirty-Fifth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2001.987688.

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Kyoungkeun Kim, Hyun-seong Pyo, Jae-min An, and Yeongseog Lim. "Dual-band filter using half wavelength resonators and dual-mode resonator." In 2009 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecticon.2009.5137197.

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8

Li, Liang, Xingfa Huang, and Zhou Yu. "A full custom half-band filter used for sigma-delta ADC." In 2010 International Conference on Anti-Counterfeiting, Security and Identification (2010 ASID). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icasid.2010.5551520.

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9

Harris, Fred, Elettra Venosa, Xiaofei Chen, Prafulla Kumar, and Chris Dick. "Comparison of standard low pass filter types in two-path half-band IIR filter structures." In 2013 International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems (ISSCS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscs.2013.6651203.

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10

Sangamithra, G., Y. V. S. Koushik, P. Bala Sai, K. Ram Subhash, and S. Natarajamani. "Design of Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide based Dual-Band Bandpass Filter." In 2020 Third International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icssit48917.2020.9214299.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Half band filter"

1

Anderson, Gerald L., and Kalman Peleg. Precision Cropping by Remotely Sensed Prorotype Plots and Calibration in the Complex Domain. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585193.bard.

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This research report describes a methodology whereby multi-spectral and hyperspectral imagery from remote sensing, is used for deriving predicted field maps of selected plant growth attributes which are required for precision cropping. A major task in precision cropping is to establish areas of the field that differ from the rest of the field and share a common characteristic. Yield distribution f maps can be prepared by yield monitors, which are available for some harvester types. Other field attributes of interest in precision cropping, e.g. soil properties, leaf Nitrate, biomass etc. are obtained by manual sampling of the filed in a grid pattern. Maps of various field attributes are then prepared from these samples by the "Inverse Distance" interpolation method or by Kriging. An improved interpolation method was developed which is based on minimizing the overall curvature of the resulting map. Such maps are the ground truth reference, used for training the algorithm that generates the predicted field maps from remote sensing imagery. Both the reference and the predicted maps are stratified into "Prototype Plots", e.g. 15xl5 blocks of 2m pixels whereby the block size is 30x30m. This averaging reduces the datasets to manageable size and significantly improves the typically poor repeatability of remote sensing imaging systems. In the first two years of the project we used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), for generating predicted yield maps of sugar beets and com. The NDVI was computed from image cubes of three spectral bands, generated by an optically filtered three camera video imaging system. A two dimensional FFT based regression model Y=f(X), was used wherein Y was the reference map and X=NDVI was the predictor. The FFT regression method applies the "Wavelet Based", "Pixel Block" and "Image Rotation" transforms to the reference and remote images, prior to the Fast - Fourier Transform (FFT) Regression method with the "Phase Lock" option. A complex domain based map Yfft is derived by least squares minimization between the amplitude matrices of X and Y, via the 2D FFT. For one time predictions, the phase matrix of Y is combined with the amplitude matrix ofYfft, whereby an improved predicted map Yplock is formed. Usually, the residuals of Y plock versus Y are about half of the values of Yfft versus Y. For long term predictions, the phase matrix of a "field mask" is combined with the amplitude matrices of the reference image Y and the predicted image Yfft. The field mask is a binary image of a pre-selected region of interest in X and Y. The resultant maps Ypref and Ypred aremodified versions of Y and Yfft respectively. The residuals of Ypred versus Ypref are even lower than the residuals of Yplock versus Y. The maps, Ypref and Ypred represent a close consensus of two independent imaging methods which "view" the same target. In the last two years of the project our remote sensing capability was expanded by addition of a CASI II airborne hyperspectral imaging system and an ASD hyperspectral radiometer. Unfortunately, the cross-noice and poor repeatability problem we had in multi-spectral imaging was exasperated in hyperspectral imaging. We have been able to overcome this problem by over-flying each field twice in rapid succession and developing the Repeatability Index (RI). The RI quantifies the repeatability of each spectral band in the hyperspectral image cube. Thereby, it is possible to select the bands of higher repeatability for inclusion in the prediction model while bands of low repeatability are excluded. Further segregation of high and low repeatability bands takes place in the prediction model algorithm, which is based on a combination of a "Genetic Algorithm" and Partial Least Squares", (PLS-GA). In summary, modus operandi was developed, for deriving important plant growth attribute maps (yield, leaf nitrate, biomass and sugar percent in beets), from remote sensing imagery, with sufficient accuracy for precision cropping applications. This achievement is remarkable, given the inherently high cross-noice between the reference and remote imagery as well as the highly non-repeatable nature of remote sensing systems. The above methodologies may be readily adopted by commercial companies, which specialize in proving remotely sensed data to farmers.
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