Дисертації з теми "Gut toxicity"
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Su, Robin. "Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) Toxicity In The Gut-Liver Signaling Axis." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1588673649090272.
Повний текст джерелаLawrie, Charles Alexander. "The effects of saccharin on the metabolism of amino acids by the gut flora." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316353.
Повний текст джерелаBarney, Jazmyne D. L. "A COMPROMISED LIVER ALTERS PCB TOXICITY AND NUTRIENT METABOLISM." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/28.
Повний текст джерелаJacob, Molly. "Mechanism of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced damage in the small bowel." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313890.
Повний текст джерелаSwann, Jonathan Richard. "Influence of gene-environment interaction on the gut microflora-mammalian contribution to metabolism and toxicity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8595.
Повний текст джерелаShittu, Adenike Rofiyat. "Toxicity Studies Of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1625018658596765.
Повний текст джерелаKothari, Anjaney. "Investigating the Spatiotemporal Variation in Functional Markers, Gut Metabolites and Ethanol Toxicity in In Vitro Cultures of the Rat Jejunum and Hepatocytes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103029.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy
Yu, Ai-Ming, Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg, Nathan J. Cherrington, Lauren M. Aleksunes, Ulrich M. Zanger, Wen Xie, Hyunyoung Jeong, et al. "Regulation of drug metabolism and toxicity by multiple factors of genetics, epigenetics, lncRNAs, gut microbiota, and diseases: a meeting report of the 21 st International Symposium on Microsomes and Drug Oxidations (MDO)." INST MATERIA MEDICA, CHINESE ACAD MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623278.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Zhenchi. "Applications of 16S rRNA metagenomics and metabolomics in correlation of toxicity of puffer fishes with gut microbiota and identification of potential precursors in tetrodotoxin biosynthesis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2020. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/775.
Повний текст джерелаHenrique, Angelo Abel Machado Pereira. "Avalia??o da flamabilidade e dos res?duos de queima de tintas acr?licas ? base d'?gua." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8118.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
In this work, the sample-flame propagation indexes were simulated in laboratory, in detriment and in comparison to the generalized burning during the fires in internal environments. The respective chemical and physical properties of the paints, the emanated gases, were compared; evidencing its toxicities, toxicological thresholds and using the tests of horizontal burning and vertical burning. In the experimental part, the paint films were produced for later burning in a quartz chamber with the use of the electric furnace, from which the gases were collected, according to each thermal degradation orientation obtained by the TGA pallet, in order to analyze the toxicities in gas chromatography. In the results the different firing behaviors for each paint can be compared by virtue of its physico-chemical composition, together with its gas release rates in each temperature range.
Neste trabalho produziu-se a partir das tintas acr?licas ? base d??gua, os ?ndices de propaga??o de chama amostral e simulada em laborat?rio, em detrimento e em comparativo ? queima generalizada durante os inc?ndios em ambientes internos. Foram comparadas as respectivas propriedades qu?micas e f?sicas das tintas, dos gases emanados; evidenciando as suas toxicidades, limiares toxicol?gicos e empregando os testes de queima horizontal e queima vertical. Na parte experimental foram produzidos os filmes de tintas, para posterior queima em c?mara de quartzo com o uso do forno el?trico, onde a partir deste, coletou-se os gases, segundo cada orienta??o de degrada??o t?rmica obtida pala TGA, para ent?o serem analisadas as toxicidades em cromatografia gasosa. Nos resultados podem ser comparados os diferentes comportamentos de queima para cada tinta em virtude de sua composi??o f?sico-qu?mica, juntamente com suas taxas de libera??es de gases em cada faixa de temperatura.
Nguyen, Tien Dung. "Caractérisation in vitro du coronavirus de la gastroentérite transmissible (GET) et immunogénicité d'un mutant atténué (188-SG)." Tours, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOUR3802.
Повний текст джерелаLima, Maria Santana Bezerra de. "Monitoramento das ?guas da bacia hidrogr?fica pirangi pela determina??o dos ?ndices de qualidade da ?gua-iqa e ?ndice de toxidez-it." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17630.
Повний текст джерелаCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The problems of water supply in Northeast Brazil are severe and require more focused studies. This work was intended to assess water quality in the watershed Pirangi, located in the Northeastern state of the newborn using the Water Quality Index, AQI associated with the Index of Toxicity-IT. The data presented in this study were collected in November 2008, June 2009 and March 2010 at eight sampling stations distributed throughout the basin. The study covered nine parameters, based on guidelines established by CETESB, and seven members of Metal Toxicity index-IT. These waters are framed in the classification between GOOD and BAD showing AQI 41.34 minimum and a maximum of 76.23. Virtually all seven metals analyzed were below the detection limits of ICP-OES giving IT a water equal to one when they are absent and 0 when there are levels of trace metals
Os problemas de abastecimento de ?gua no Nordeste do Brasil s?o graves e necessitam de estudos mais direcionados. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o prop?sito de monitorar a qualidade da ?gua na Bacia Hidrogr?fica Pirangi, localizada na regi?o Nordeste do Estado do RN usando o ?ndice de Qualidade da ?gua-IQA associado com o ?ndice de Toxidez-IT. Os dados apresentados nesta pesquisa foram coletados em novembro de 2008, junho de 2009 e mar?o de 2010 em oito esta??es amostrais distribu?das ao longo da bacia. O estudo abrangeu nove par?metros, baseado nas diretrizes estabelecidas pela CETESB, al?m de sete metais integrantes do ?ndice de Toxidez-IT. Estas ?guas enquadraram-se na classifica??o entre BOA e RUIM apresentando IQA m?nimo de 41,34 e m?ximo de 76,23. Praticamente os sete metais analisados estavam abaixo dos limites de detec??o do ICP-OES dando ? ?gua um IT igual a 1 quando estes est?o ausentes e 0 quando se encontram teores de metais tra?os
Lira, Amintas Figueirêdo. "Toxicidade aguda e atividade antinociceptiva do extrato aquoso e óleo essencial da Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit (sambacaita), em modelo murino de artrite induzida por cristais de urato de sódio." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2006. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3709.
Повний текст джерелаHyptis pectinata L. Poit. (Lamiaceae), widely known as Sambacaitá, is an example of a plant commonly used in folk Medicine; various biological effects are associated with its extracts, such as: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial. Many studies in vivo and in vitro has assessed the effects promoted by the aqueous extract and essential oil of the leaves of the plant, whose chemical composition constitute their water soluble compounds and their volatile compounds, respectively. This study aimed at keeping on these studies, determining the chemical constituents and the acute toxicity of the sample of the aqueous extract and essential oil used to study the analgesic effect of these extracts in an acute articular inflammatory condition, similar to an episode of acute arthritis as in Gout. The phyto-chemical studies of aqueous extract identified the presence of alkaloid, tannin and flavonoid. The analysis of the constituents of the essential oil was made by gas chromatography and mass spectrometer, showing as main constituents: β- cariofilene and Germacrene-D. The evaluation of acute toxicity was represented by the establishment of DL50 in Swiss mice, obtained by the probits method, it was not possible to measure the DL50 of the aqueous extract due to its low toxicity, as for the essential oil, it was obtained a 1.1 g/kg DL50. The analgesic effect was studied using the sodium urate crystals induced arthritis model, in Wistar mice, as proposed by Coderre and Wall; the aqueous extract presented expressive analgesic effect with the 50 mg/kg doses, which was reverted by the opioid antagonist, naloxone (5 mg/kg). The essential oil did not present analgesic effect with the tested doses. The results showed that the aqueous extract has low toxicity and it presents analgesic effect in a rheumatic condition, similar to Gout arthritis, while the essential oil presents medium toxicity and it does not show analgesic effect in the proposed rheumatic condition.
A Hyptis pectinata L. Poit. (Lamiaceae), vulgarmente conhecida como sambacaitá, é um exemplo de planta comumente utilizada na medicina popular; diversos efeitos biológicos estão associados aos seus extratos, tais como analgésico, antiinflamatório e antimicrobiano. Vários estudos in vivo e in vitro têm avaliado estes efeitos promovidos pelo extrato aquoso e óleo essencial das folhas da planta, cujas composições químicas, constituem os seus compostos solúveis em água e os seus compostos voláteis respectivamente. Este trabalho objetivou dar continuidade a esses estudos, determinando os constituintes químicos e a toxicidade aguda da amostra de extrato aquoso e óleo essencial utilizados, para estudar o efeito antinociceptivo (analgésico) dos extratos citados, em uma condição inflamatória articular aguda, similar a um ataque de artrite aguda como o ocorrido na gota. Os estudos fitoquímicos do extrato aquoso identificaram a presença de alcalóides, taninos e flavonóides. A análise dos constituintes do óleo essencial se deu por cromatografia gasosa e espectrômetro de massa, revelando como principais constituintes: β-cariofileno e germacreno-D. A avaliação da toxicidade aguda foi representada pela determinação da DL50, em camundongos swiss, obtida pelo método dos probitos; não foi possível mensurar a DL50 do extrato aquoso, devido a sua baixa toxicidade, já o óleo essencial, obteve uma DL50 de 1,1 g/kg. O efeito antinociceptivo foi estudado usando o modelo de artrite induzida por cristais de urato de sódio, em ratos wistar, proposto por Coderre e Wall. O extrato aquoso apresentou efeito antinociceptivo significativo na dose de 50 mg/Kg, o qual foi revertido pelo antagonista opióide, naloxona (5mg/kg). O óleo essencial não apresentou efeito antinociceptivo nas doses testadas. Os resultados mostraram que o extrato aquoso possui baixa toxicidade e apresenta atividade antinociceptiva numa condição reumática, semelhante à artrite gotosa; enquanto o óleo essencial apresenta toxicidade média e não apresenta atividade antinociceptiva na condição reumática proposta.
Mendon?a, Juska Milena dos Santos. "Avalia??o da toxicidade de flora??es naturais e de cultura de cianobact?rias: efeitos sobre Ceriodaphnia silvestri (Crustacea, Cladocera)." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12502.
Повний текст джерелаThe incidence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms is one of the important consequences of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. It is a very common phenomenon in reservoirs and shrimp ponds in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. Cyanobacterias produce toxins which can affect aquatic organisms and men trough the food chain. Aiming to contribute to the studies of cyanobacterias in RN, we propose: a) to evaluate the toxicity of isolated cyanobacterias in important fresh-water environments; and b) to verify the effects of both natural and cultured blooms occurred in reservoirs for human supply and in the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. This study was carried out using samples of natural blooms occurred between March and October of 2004 in Gargalheiras Dam (08? L e 39? W), in July of 2004 in Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves Dam (06o S e 37o W) and in commercial shrimp ponds (Litopenaeus vannamei) located in fresh-water environments. The samples were collected with plankton net (20?m.) for identification, isolation and obtaining of phytoplanktonic biomass for liophilization and later toxicity bioassays. The toxicity of cultured samples and natural blooms was investigated through bioassays in Swiss mice. Quantification of cyanobacteria in samples was conducted following the ?termol method, with 300mL samples fixed with lugol. The toxicity test with Ceriodaphnia silvestrii followed ABNT, 2001 recommendations, and were accomplished with natural hepatotoxic bloom s samples and cultured samples of both non-toxic and neurotoxic C. raciborskii. In this test, five newborns, aged between 6 and 24 hours, were exposed to different concentrations (0 a 800 mg.L-1) of crude cyanobacterial extracts during 24 and 48 hours. Three replicates were used per treatment. The pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen at the beginning and after 24 and 48hours from the test were measured. We estimated the CL50 through the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. The blooms were constituted by Microcystis panniformis, M. aeruginosa, Anabaena circinalis, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Planktothrix agardhii, producers of mycrocistin-LR confirmed with HPLC analysis. Samples of hepatotoxic blooms registered toxinogenic potential for C. silvestrii, with CL50-24h value of 47.48 mg.L-1 and CL5048h of 38.15 mg.L-1 for GARG samples in march/2005; CL50-24h of 113,13 mg.L-1 and CL5048h of 88,24 mg.L-1 for ARG July/2004; CL50-24h of 300.39 mg.L-1 and CL50-48h of 149.89 mg.L-1 for GARG October/2005. For cultured samples, values of CL50-24h and CL50-48h for C. raciborskii toxic strains were 228.05 and 120.28 mg.L-1, respectively. There was no mortality of C. silvestrii during the tests with non-toxic C. raciborskii strain. The toxicity test with C. silvestrii presented good sensitivity degree to cyanotoxins. The toxicity of natural hepatotoxic blooms samples (microcystins) and cultured neurotoxic saxitoxins producer samples analyzed in this study give us strong indications of that toxin s influence on the zooplanktonic community structure in tropical aquatic environments. Eleven cyanobacteria strains were isolated, representing 6 species: Anabaenopsis sp., Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Chroococcus sp., Microcystis panniformis, Geitlerinema unigranulatum e Planktothrix agardhii. None presented toxicity in Swiss mice. The strains were catalogued and deposited in the Laborat?rio de Ecologia e Toxicologia de Organismos Aqu?ticos (LETMA), in UFRN, and will be utilized in ecotoxicol?gical and ecophysiological studies, aiming to clarify the causes and control of cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic environments in RN. This state s reservoirs must receive broader attention from the authorities, considering the constant blooms occurring in waters used for human consumption
Incid?ncia de flora??es t?xicas de cianobact?rias ? uma das conseq??ncias da eutrofiza??o nos ecossistemas aqu?ticos, sendo comum a sua ocorr?ncia em reservat?rios e viveiros de cultivo de camar?o no Estado Rio Grande do Norte. Cianobact?rias podem produzir toxinas que podem afetar organismos aqu?ticos e o homem atrav?s da cadeia alimentar. Visando contribuir com o desenvolvimento de estudos ecotoxicol?gicos de cianobact?rias no RN, nos propomos avaliar a toxicidade de cianobact?rias isoladas de ambientes de ?guas doces e verificar o efeito de cultura e flora??es naturais ocorridas em reservat?rios para abastecimento humano, no crust?ceo clad?cero Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. O estudo foi conduzido com amostras de flora??es naturais ocorridas em mar?o e outubro de 2004 na Barragem Gargalheiras (08? L e 39? W), em julho de 2004 na Barragem Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves (06o S e 37o W) e em fazendas comerciais de cultivo de camar?o (Litopenaeus vannamei), localizadas em ambientes de ?gua doce do RN (6o 58 S e 38o 36 W). As amostras de flora??es foram coletadas com rede de pl?ncton (20?m) para identifica??o, isolamento e obten??o de biomassa fitoplanct?nica para liofiliza??o e posterior determina??o da toxicidade por bioensaios. A toxicidade das amostras de culturas e flora??es naturais foi investigada atrav?s de bioensaios em camundongos Swiss. A quantifica??o das cianobact?rias foi realizada pelo m?todo de ?termol, utlizando-se amostras (300mL) fixadas com lugol. O teste de toxicidade com Ceriodaphnia silvestrii seguiu as recomenda??es da ABNT (2001) e foram realizadas com amostras de flora??es naturais hepatot?xicas e culturas de C. raciborskii neurot?xica e n?o t?xica. No teste, cinco neonatos com idade entre 6 e 24 horas foram expostos a diferentes concentra??es (0 a 800 mg.L-1) de extrato bruto de cianobact?rias durante 24 e 48 horas. Tr?s replicatas por tratamentos foram usadas. Foram medidos o pH, a temperatura e o oxig?nio dissolvido no in?cio, com 24 e com 48 horas do teste. Atrav?s do m?todo Trimmed Spearman-Karber foi estimado a CL50. As flora??es eram mistas e compostas por Microcystis panniformis, M. aeruginosa, Anabaena circinalis, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e Planktothrix agardhii, produtoras de microcistina- LR, confirmada atrav?s de an?lise por HPLC. Amostras de flora??es hepatot?xicas registraram potencial toxinog?nico para o C. silvestrii, com valores de CL50-24h de 47.48 mg.L-1 e CL50-48h de 38.15 mg.L-1 para a amostra de GARG mar/05; CL50-24h de 113,13 mg.L-1 e CL50-48h de 88,24 mg.L-1 para ARG jul/04; CL50-24h de 300.39 mg.L-1 e CL50-48h de 149.89 mg.L-1 para GARG 10/05. Para as amostras de cultura valores de CL50-24h e CL50-48h para a cepa t?xica de C. raciborskii foram de 228.05 e 120.28 mg.L-1, respectivamente. N?o houve mortalidade dos C. silvestrii nos testes com a cepa de C. raciborskii n?o-t?xica. O teste de toxicidade com C. silvestrii apresentou um bom grau de sensibilidade ?s cianotoxinas. A toxicidade das amostras de flora??es naturais hepatot?xicas (microcistinas) e culturas neurot?xicas produtoras de saxitoxinas verificadas neste estudo fornece forte indicativos da influ?ncia dessas toxinas sobre a estrutura da comunidade zooplanct?nica em ambientes aqu?ticos tropicais. Foram isoladas 11 cepas de cianobact?rias de reservat?rios e viveiros do Estado, representadas por 6 esp?cies: Anabaenopsis sp., Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Chroococcus sp., Microcystis panniformis, Geitlerinema unigranulatum e Planktothrix agardhii. Nenhuma cepa apresentou toxicidade em camundongos Swiss. As cepas foram catalogadas e depositadas no Laborat?rio de Ecologia e Toxicologia de Organismos Aqu?ticos (LETMA) da UFRN e ser?o utilizadas em estudos ecotoxicol?gicos e ecofisiol?gicos visando esclarecer as causas e controle de flora??es de cianobact?rias nos ambientes aqu?ticos do Estado. Os reservat?rios do Rio Grande do Norte devem merecer maior aten??o perante os ?rg?os respons?veis, tendo em vista os constantes florescimentos t?xicos de cianobact?rias em ?guas utilizadas para consumo humano
Secombe, Kate Rebecca. "Exploration of the gut microbiome as a predictive factor for cancer treatment-induced gastrointestinal toxicity." Thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/134012.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Biomedicine, 2021
Wardill, Hannah Rose. "Toll-like receptor 4-dependent barrier dysfunction and its impact on irinotecan-induced gut toxicity and pain." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/106719.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2016.
Al-Qadami, Ghanyah Hamid Hussein. "Exploring the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Toxicity and Response to Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer." Thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2440/135226.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Biomedicine, 2021
Dashnyam, Punsaldulam, та 朋莎朗. "Gut Bacterial β-Glucuronidases: Structural Basis of Substrate Specificity, Inhibitor Potency and Selectivity to Provide a Solution for Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5111019%22.&searchmode=basic.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
生物科技學研究所
107
Gut bacterial β-D-glucuronidases (GUSs) catalyze the removal of glucuronic acid from liver-produced β-D-glucuronides. These reactions can have deleterious consequences when they reverse xenobiotic metabolism. The human gut contains hundreds of GUSs of variable sequences and structures. To understand how any particular bacterial GUS(s) contributes to global GUS activity and affects human health, the substrate preference(s) of individual enzymes must be known. Herein, we report that representative GUSs vary in their ability to produce various xenobiotics from their respective glucuronides. In an attempt to explain the distinct substrate preference, we solved the structure of a bacterial GUS complexed with coumarin-3-D-glucuronide. Comparisons of this structure with other GUS structures identified differences in TIM barrel loop 3 (or the 2-helix loop) and loop 5 at the aglycone-binding site, where differences in their conformations, hydrophobicities and flexibilities appear to underlie the distinct substrate preference(s) of the GUSs. Additional sequence, structural and functional analysis indicated that several groups of functionally related gut bacterial GUSs exist. Our results pinpoint opportunistic gut bacterial GUSs as those that cause xenobiotic-induced toxicity. We propose a structure-activity relationship that should allow both the prediction of the functional roles of GUSs and the design of selective inhibitors. Furthermore, we demonstrated how charge, conformation, and substituents of several uronic iminocyclitols and analogues contribute to the inhibitory potency and selectivity for gut bacterial GUSs by using crystallographic and biochemical methods. Uronic isofagomine was a potent inhibitor (Ki up to 4 nM) unlike uronic deoxynojirimycin that showed a less potent inhibition (Ki up to 930 nM), indicating that the positive charge at the anomeric position, but not endocyclic oxygen position, was favorable to form electrostatic interactions with the two catalytic glutamates of GUSs. Moreover, D-glucaro-δ-lactam displayed good inhibitions (up to 280 nM) for bacterial GUSs owing to the half-chair conformation that favored several polar contacts and a charge-dipole interaction. Additionally, C6-alkylated uronic isofagomine displayed selective inhibition for opportunistic bacterial GUSs, which was attributed to the hydrophobic interactions between the propyl group and the loop 5 residues of the GUSs.In contrast, N1-alkylated analogue was a non-selective and moderate inhibitor for GUSs, which was explained by a steric hindrance between the alkyl group of the inhibitor and the catalytic acid/base glutamate of GUSs. In summary, we identified the responsible group of GUSs for the xenobiotic-induced toxicity, and developed a selective inhibitor targeting these GUSs.