Дисертації з теми "Guide d'onde intégré"
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Seiler, Anne-Laure. "Conception et réalisation de guide en optique guidée intégrée pour biopuces à fluorescence." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0158.
Повний текст джерелаOptical chemical sensors and biosensors are attracting increasing research interest in applications such as environmental monitoring and biomedical diagnostics. A drawback of all fluorescence detection schemes based on evanescent wave excitation via prism or grating arrangement is the need to carefully align the devices relative to the excitation light beam. Moreover, more than 80% of fluorescence is transmitted to the substrate. Finally, such fluorescence sensors remain costly or bulky, which prevent biochips from being used as a portable testing tool. In this context, our approach consists in using structured Integrated Optical Waveguides, which are one solution to reduce the reader's cost and size. The principle is the capture of fluorescence emitted from the surface of a rib waveguide, which collects then guides it at the end-face of the chip to be detected. I report here the optimization of optical waveguide structures, prototype manufacturing and first results for biochip applications including integrated photonic crystal filters and amplifiers
Leroy, Benjamin. "Etude et développement d'un système de signalisation holographique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS126.
Повний текст джерелаThis work has focused on the design and realization of a planar lighting device based on plasmonic structures, for a 633nm operation. This device will be able to convert a coherent incident light into a uniform output beam over the surface of the device, collimated and with a predefined angle with respect to the plane of the device. To achieve this feature, the proposed solution is the use of an array of dielectric waveguides to distribute the light over the surface, and silver nanostructures chains coupled to the waveguides and dimensioned as antennas to retransmit the light out of the plane. The work carried out has highlighted the control of the coupling between the waveguide and the silver nanostructures chain, modulated by several parameters in a range between 10% and 90%: the number of particles, particle size, distance between the guide and the particles. By playing on the period of the chain, it is possible to obtain an out-of-plane radiation, with an angle determined by the diffraction gratings formula. Elementary emitters, consisting of a guide and particle chains, were manufactured in a clean room and characterized on a guided wave optical bench with Fourier plane projection set-up. The experimental radiation patterns are in agreement with the simulations one. First results have also experimentally confirmed the possibility of modulating the waveguide-chain coupling by modifying the dimensions of the particles. Finally, the waveguide network has been dimensioned for an 1 cm² surface and manufactured with projection lithography. The linear losses measured in the waveguides are of the order of 5 dB / mm. Several optimizations can be made to improve the quality of the guides. From the experimental data obtained and the beam propagation simulations, a realistic configuration of the lighting device including the number and positioning of the transmitters on the waveguide network has been proposed. All the works carried out validate the chosen approach
Doan, Phi Long. "Technologie émergente pour le développement de circuit RF et millimétriques à base de nanotubes de carbone." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT080.
Повний текст джерелаThe fifth-generation (5G) technology is known as the new generation of mobile data connectivity and wireless communication systems. It will provide breakneck broadband speeds and will have enough capacity to perform every function without a decrease in connection speed, no matter how many peoples are connecting into the network at the same time. One of the main benefits of 5G technology over the fourth-generation (4G) technology is not only its speed of delivery, between 10Gbps and 100Gbps, but also the latency. Specifically, the underemployed spectrum in the millimeter-wave frequency band (30-300 GHz) might be seen as a potentially profitable solution for achieving the aforementioned purposes. However, the development of next generation of mm-wave high performance circuits and systems is requiring low-cost fabrication process, small area, low consumption and 3D integration. In this context, CNT-based technology has attracted a lot of attention and could be considered as an excellent candidate for designing the mm-wave circuits due to its outstanding characteristics as compared to the other materials. Therefore, in this thesis, in the framework of the ANR project TRICOT, CNT will be considered as particular materials to design and develop a new 3D integration technology and concept dedicated to future applications in mm-wave interconnects and circuits.The work achieved in this PhD thesis was principally concentrated in two directions. The first one involves in the utilization of CNT technology to design the AF-SIW circuits for mm-wave applications in E-band. The second direction concerns the utilization of the slow-wave concept for the miniaturization of AF-SIW circuits designed for the RF applications based on both conventional PCB and CNT technologies. In both subjects, the proposed structures were detailed, then theoretical analyses were developed, and simulation and measurement results were presented. The retro-simulations were also realized when needed, which permitted to validate the proposed concepts by proofs of concept.In the first chapter of this thesis, an overview concerning the techniques utilized to design and fabricate BM was introduced in both RF and mm-wave frequency bands. Miniaturization techniques and low-loss air-filled technology were also presented in this chapter. The second chapter introduced in detail the physical properties of carbon nanotubes. Due to its outstanding properties as compared to other materials, CNTs could be considered as a potential material for next-generation electronics applications in order to replace classical metal-based structures. The analytical and electromagnetic modeling of CNTs were also introduced in this chapter, based on the work performed at XLIM laboratory, Limoges, France. Thanks to the bulk model, the CNT-based devices are designed more easily, and with accuracy. In the third chapter, a detailed description of AFSIW waveguide based on CNT technology was presented. Furthermore, the CNT technology used to design the AFSIW waveguide was also applied to the design of 0-dB and 3-dB couplers based on the short-slot topology with the same concept. In the fourth chapter, AF-SW-SIW design blocks based on CNT technology designed at 28 GHz for RF applications was investigated and presented. Finally, the last chapter was dedicated to the detailed description of PAF-SW-SIW waveguide based on conventional PCB technology designed at 28 GHz for RF applications
Balan, Viorel. "Verres chalcogénures pour l'optique intégrée." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20204.
Повний текст джерелаMangeat, Thomas. "Composants d'optique intégrée à coeur de Ta2O5. Application à la séparation et à la rotation d'états de polarisation." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30058.
Повний текст джерелаA new buried ridge waveguide technology was developed associating the deposition of Ta205 by "Dual Ion Beam Sputtering" DIBS technology and the realization of low index materials by sol-gel process. The specific form factor of this vaveguide induces a strong polarisation dependency. The performances in transmission, the confinement of the guided modes and the optical integration density are function of the light polarization state. From these observations, an integrated polarization splitter and polarization rotator have been proposed to realize polarization independent integrated components. These two passive functions have been optimised, made and tested in the laboratory. The physical principle of these two components is based on mode coupling in integrated optics. The experimental extinction ratio of the integrated polarisation splitter is -17dB in TE and -10dB in TM at [lambda] = 1,568 [micro]m. The experimental extinction ratio of the integrated polarization rotator is -16dB (90 % of conversion efficiency) at [lambda] = 1,558 um. However, the strong insertion losses of these components (-10dB) need to be decreased for applications in telecommunication
Gorin, Arnaud. "Réalisation de guides d'onde plans faibles pertes en nitrure de silicium pour un biocapteur intégré." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1924.
Повний текст джерелаRavaro, Marco. "Guides d'onde non-linéaires GaAs/AlOx pour la génération paramétrique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00387097.
Повний текст джерелаLe premier point est l'optimisation du processus de fabrication. Le principal inconvénient des guides d'ondes GaAs/AlOx sont les larges pertes par diffusion provoquées par la rugosité des couches oxydées. De telles pertes ont pénalisé l'efficacité de dispositifs nonlinéaires intégrés déjà démontrés et empêché jusqu'à présent l'accomplissement de l'oscillation paramétrique. Dans le but d'améliorer la transmission des guides, un nouveau schéma de fabrication et d'oxydation a été introduit, et les résultats obtenus ont été systématiquement vérifiés par des mesures des pertes. Celles-ci ont été réduites, de manière reproductible, à 0.4 cm-1.
Le deuxième point est la caractérisation nonlinéaire des guides. Nous avons démontré la fluorescence paramétrique avec une accordabilité entre 1.7 et 2.7 micron et une efficacité de conversion comparable à celle des meilleurs guides en niobate de lithium. En plus de cela, nous avons exploité les interactions de génération de seconde harmonique et d'amplification paramétrique pour étudier précisément le gain paramétrique dans nos guides. A la dégénérescence nous avons mesuré un coefficient de gain paramétrique ≈ 4 cm-1 W-1/2 et démontré une amplification paramétrique G = Ps(L)/Ps(0) - 1 ≈ 4.5%.
Ces résultats sont très encourageants pour la réalisation d'un oscillateur paramétrique intégré. Sur la base de nos valeurs de pertes et de gain paramétrique nous estimons que la réflectivité des facettes requise pour atteindre le seuil d'oscillation, dans une configuration doublement résonante, est inférieure à 90%. Un premier essai de fabrication de miroirs intégrés a été effectué et le travail dans cette direction se poursuit actuellement au sein du laboratoire MPQ.
CHANVILLARD, LOIC. "Interactions parametriques guidees de grande efficacite : utilisation de l'echange protonique doux sur niobate de lithium inverse periodiquement." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE5362.
Повний текст джерелаPogossian, Souren. "Ondes optiques guidées dans des structures mono et multicouches." Brest, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BRES2002.
Повний текст джерелаMaricot, Sophie. "Transmission d'un signal analogique par voie optique : étude et réalisation de circuits intégrés opto-hyperfréquences." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10069.
Повний текст джерелаGervais, Antoine. "Guides d'onde sur silicium pour la détection du méthane par spectroscopie d'absorption." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66313.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of climate change, affordable, but effective and autonomous methane sensors are required to monitor the emissions and the concentration of this potent greenhouse gas in the atmosphere of remote areas, like in northern environments. A promising solution to this need comes from silicon photonics, an integrated optics platform. Integrated waveguides are an essential component for on-chip detection by absorption spectroscopy, where they play the dual role of routing and transducer. Thus, this project aims at improving the performance of the waveguide for this application. The use of slow-light subwavelength grating waveguides (SWG) is proposed to enhance the light-matter interaction. Their periodic segmentation has the effect that a large fraction of the light is propagating through the air, the medium of interest to probe. In addition, we show that the periodicity of the structure, when close but less than half the wavelength, produces the slow-light effect; i.e. the speed of guided light drops sharply. Their propagation losses and their group index are then characterized and compared to conventional strip waveguides for reference. Although the SWG waveguides have an interaction factor greater than strip waveguides, their higher propagation loss limit their performances. Strip waveguides are therefore chosen for further investigation for the sensor application., in addition to being mechanically robust, and easier to design and fabricate. Efforts for on-chip detection of methane have been made with strip waveguides, but the presence of interference fringes is the limiting factor despite the application of a signal processing technique to mitigate them. Other methods are proposed to improve the signal to noise ratio. Finally, we experimentally show that SWG waveguides can support a slow-light regime. A maximum group index of 30 is obtained and it is easily tunable, in both amplitude or wavelength, paving the way for various other applications for this type of waveguide.
Ramos, Marie. "Etude du couplage entre une fibre optique unimodale et un guide d'onde en optique intégrée en vue de la réalisation d'un connecteur." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET4025.
Повний текст джерелаChauveau, Clément. "Réseaux de résonateurs pour la photonique sur silicium, applications au multiplexage en longueur d'onde." Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0036.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of the micro-electronics industry has given access to very high data transmission rates. Currently, these data rates are limited by the electrical interconnection bandwidth and it will soon be necessary to use optical links to obtain higher data rates. To attain this objective, new building blocks must be developed such as lasers, modulators, photo-detectors, wave-guides and routing devices which must all be fully compatible with the CMOS processing. This doctoral thesis concerns the study and development of new components based on circular resonators arrays, which offer alternative solutions to existing devices in the field of wavelength division multiplexing for silicon photonics. The study of single ring resonators over the entire surface of a wafer shows that the use of thermal regulation is required to compensate for fabrication variations. Results of simulations and experiments show that arrays of circular resonators allow broadband filtering with very low loss. Based on this principle, an 8 channel multiplexer is demonstrated conforming to telecoms specifications. This kind of device is a potential candidate for use in the development of wavelength division multiplexing in silicon photonics
Grillet, Christian. "Microcomposants optiques à base de cristaux photoniques bidimensionnels pour l'optique intégrée." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/thesegrillet.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe realization of optical devices containing photonic crystals seems a very promising way to fulfill the requirements of miniaturization of integrated optics. The PC are periodic dielectric structures conceived so as to modify the behavior of the photons in the same way that a semiconductor crystalline material affects the properties of electrons. They thus provide an effective control of light on a wavelenght scale. Moreover insertion of defects in the periodic lattice allows the realization of microcavities which can be exploited either to reinforce the interaction matter-radiation, or the filter and redirect the light on very short distances. This work of thesis aims at exploiting these properties in order to conceive, to fabricate and to characterize the optical basic building blocks like guides, resonators and coupled systems between these two elements in order to fulfill the function of selective routing and thus to allow the advent of integrated optics containing PC
Ozanam, Cécile. "Oscillateur paramétrique optique en guides d'ondes AlGaAs/A10x." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC226.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD work is about the experimental demonstration of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO; in AlGaAs/A10x waveguides. Inserting thin aluminum oxide (A10x) layers in the GaAs guiding core of the waveguide at a sub-wavelength scale allows us to artificially reach the birefringence which is necessary to get an efficient nonlinear interaction between a TMOO pump at 1064 nm and TE00 signal and idler around 2128 nm. After defining an optical signal and idler-resonant cavity by the means of dielectric mirrors, the oscillation threshold is reached with an internai pump power of 210 mW. This result is the first demonstration of a guided-wave semiconductor OPO in the near infrared. In a second part, we tried to improve the performances of this device following three different paths. The first is the reduction of the propagation losses through a better control of the oxidation step and the insertion of GaInP barriers on each side of the oxidized layers. The second development path is a change in the optical cavity configuration : using a double pump pass cavity has enabled us to slightly reduce the oscillation threshold. The third explored path is the thermal protection of the sample with a glass layer deposited on the top of the waveguides. A part of this PhD work has also been devoted to a similar device for the emission of a coherent radiation around 2000 nm by second harmonic generation from a quantum cascade laser emitting around 4500 nm
Duval, Daphné. "Développement de structures guidantes hybrides pour une photonique intégrée à potentiel sub-micronique." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S056.
Повний текст джерелаTo develop all-optical systems and volume production of photonic components, polymeric devices are of great interest. In this context, we report on two kinds of sub-micronic guiding structures for organic integrated photonic. The first choice is based on the integration of bundles of self-assembled nanotubes on optical SU-8 chips. Specific hybrid processes have been developed in order to achieve photonic propagation into nanotubes bundles by way of an optical evanescent coupling. An analytical theory has also been established to shape versatile propagation characteristics of tubular structures: an overall frame for bound modes into silica nanotubes has been developed and two methods to quantify leaky modes have been proposed. The second solution is related to the study of a new polymer, UV210. We obtained 300 nm wide pattern and rib waveguides by deep ultraviolet lithography. Structural and optical investigations have been carried out on UV210 resist by ellipsometry and by the cut-back method. This polymer shows, at 980 nm, a refractive index of 1,565 and monomode optical losses of 3,4 +/- 0,4 dB/cm for TE mode and of 6,2 +/- 0,5 dB/cm for TM mode. Photo-induced variations of the UV210 optical properties have also been highlighted by ellipsometric measurements. Thus, the UV210 resist appears to be a promising candidate for the realisation of organic sub-wavelength patterns for nano-connexions and 2D micro-resonators
Serey, Valentin. "Sélectivité modale d'ondes ultrasonores dans des guides d'ondes de section finie à l'aide d'éléments piézoélectriques intégrés pour le SHM." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0403/document.
Повний текст джерелаSHM systems (Structural Health Monitoring) based on ultrasonic guided waves propagation are used for large structures, e.g. in Aerospace or Civil Engineering. Lamb or SH waves are usually employed as they propagate over long distances in plate-like structures while probing the entire thickness. However less conventional modes propagate in wave guides with finite crosssection,such as bars, rails or pipes. The number of modes can be very high even at low frequencyin this type of guide, and it is important to carefully select a specific mode. Current methods for modal selectivity, based on the use of several emitters, usually consider identical PZT elements(same sensitivity, same frequency response, etc.) and do not account for real experimental conditions and possible differences (variable coupling between transducers, flawed alignment,variable electronic response, etc.). This work presents a global methodology for modal selectivity in waveguides with finite cross-section, using several piezoelectric elements attached to their surface. This selectivity is based on experimental measurements, with a 3D laser vibrometer,of the amplitudes of the modes generated by each emitter. An optimization process allows to inverse the problem in order to maximize the amplitude of the desired mode, then generated by exciting all the emitters at once. This process requires knowing dispersion curves as well as the displacements of the various modes, calculated with SAFE 2D method. The methodology is tested through numerical simulations and experiments on an aluminium rectangular bar instrumented with 8 PZT elements on top. The method efficiency to generate different pure modes,and to detect and locate calibrated defects, is demonstrated for the aluminium bar. Its potential for SHM application of more complex structures is studied, like a rail or an adhesively bonded composite structure
Grisard, Arnaud. "Lasers guides d'onde dans le niobate de lithium dopé erbium." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00089120.
Повний текст джерелаDans cette perspective, un mécanisme prépondérant de réduction du gain aux fortes concentrations de dopant, caractéristique des cristaux dopés dans la masse, a été identifié et une méthode originale développée pour évaluer simplement ses effets de façon quantitative.
Ce mémoire souligne l'excellent accord entre les prévisions théoriques du modèle d'amplification optique mis en place puis adapté au cas de guides monomodes et les mesures réalisés sur les composants fabriqués dans le même temps par diffusion de bandes de titane dans des substrats dopés dans la masse et en surface.
Ceci a permis d'observer pour la première fois l'effet laser en continu dans des guides d'onde sur niobate de lithium dopé à l'erbium dans la masse et pompés par une diode à 1,48 µm. L'intégration de modulateurs électro-optiques a également conduit à l'observation d'impulsions déclenchées. Pour l'instant limitées par la puissance de pompe disponible, elles devraient pouvoir atteindre plusieurs centaines de watts de puissance crête avec des durées de quelques nanosecondes.
Mège, Pierre. "Interférométrie avec des guides d'ondes optiques : théorie et applications." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010162.
Повний текст джерелаSavanier, Marc. "Guides d'ondes AIgaAs oxydés pour la conversion de fréquences optiques." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077120.
Повний текст джерелаThis work focuses on the technological know-how necessary to fabricate integrated parametric sources emitting in the infrared. Thanks to a high quadratic nonlinearity and mature fabrication techniques, AlGaAs/AlOx birefringent waveguides are good candidates for this purpose. The fabrication and characterization of such a frequency converter, designed for the parametric down-conversion of a 775 nm pump into photon pairs at 1550 nm, led to the demonstration of a 1100 %W⁻¹cm⁻² normalized conversion efficiency, a 0. 3 mW generated second harmonic power, as well as a tunability of 570 nm. Despite these state-of-the-art performances for AlGaAs integrated devices, oxidation induced optical losses still constitute the bottleneck of this phase-matching scheme. In order to investigate their origin, in relation with the oxide properties, a study on their spectral behavior has been carried out. Two distinct mechanisms have been highlighted : scattering is the main contribution at large wavelengths whereas absorption is dominant at shorter wavelengths. While the former is qualitatively described by a model accounting for the AlOx rough interfaces, the latter has been tentatively ascribed to the presence of defects generated by the oxidation reaction. Two technological developments have then been undertaken to improve the conversion efficiency of our devices. First the propagation losses were reduced with a fine optimization of the oxidation process. Second the waveguides were placed into an integrated optical cavity to enhance the fields. The results achived through both these developments are promising for the realization of efficient nonlinear photonic devices, e. G. An integrated OPO
Fernandez, Diego Marta. "Multiplicateurs de fréquence à base de lignes de transmission non linéaire." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-53-2.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEn ce qui concerne les aspects technologiques, des NLTLs en technologie coplanaire, chargées périodiquement par des diodes HBV hautement non linéaires, ont été fabriquées monolithiquement pour la première fois à notre connaissance. Comme alternative à l'isolation par implantation, l'effet de sous-gravure utilisé pour l'isolation des diodes a conduit à un prototype qui est à mi chemin entre un prototype complètement distribué ou périodiquement chargé. Enfin, les résultats préliminaires expérimentaux, sous des conditions de pompages modérées, sont en accord avec les résultats de simulation. Ils permettent par ailleurs de prévoir de bons rendements de conversion dans des conditions de fort pompage électrique
Schwoob-Viasnoff, Emilie. "Propagation et émission dans des guides multimodes à cristaux photoniques bidimensionnels." Paris 11, 2004. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007122.
Повний текст джерелаThe physics of a Fabry Perot cavity with grating mirrors, substantiated here by a multimode 2D photonic crystal waveguide, is investigated from a mainly experimental point of view. Applications in the field of optical telecommunications around 1. 55 [mu]m, as well as more fundamental issues are addressed. The guide walls consist of a periodic grating of air holes etched through a InP-based heterostructure. They are completely reflecting within the photonic band gap for any wave impinging within the periodicity plane. The periodicity along the guide couples through Bragg diffraction guided modes, with "ordinary" group velocity, with very slow modes, analogous to resonant modes. The new feature about this coupling is that it occurs only within small frequency and wavevector windows, remaining silent elsewhere. This coupling is firstly used to design a wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer, extracting, laterally with respect to the guide direction and selectively, all or part of the guided optical signal. The following and more fundamental parts of this manuscript investigate the potential impact of the spectral regions nearby these coupling windows in order to control the spontaneous emission of photons within these confining and diffractive structures. We present a sinking experimental spontaneous emission enhancement, related to a peaked photon density of states. The last part deals with a measurement of the modal gain spectrum: the consequence of the slowing of a guided mode around the coupling window onto the optical amplification of a propagating signal is discussed
Dazzi, Alexandre. "Caractérisations optiques de guides d'ondes planaires photoréfractifs : application aux dispositifs intégrés de traitement optique de l'information." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS046.
Повний текст джерелаTanzilli, Sébastien. "Optique Intégrée pour les Communications Quantiques." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008814.
Повний текст джерелаLe guide PPLN montre une efficacité de conversion supérieure à 10-6, correspondant à une amélioration de 4 ordres de grandeur par rapport aux générateurs massifs. Même pompé par de faibles puissances, il présente une probabilité significative de créer deux paires simultanément ce qui est un avantage essentiel pour certains protocoles de communication quantique. Nous proposons à cet effet deux méthodes de caractérisation de la probabilité de créer une paire par photon de pompe (régime continu) ou par impulsion laser.
Afin d'examiner la qualité des états enchevêtrés, deux expériences d'interférométrie ont montré des taux de contraste respectifs de 97 % et de 84 % pour les intrications en énergie-temps et en time-bins. Bien que ce dernier taux puisse être amélioré, ces résultats montrent le fort potentiel des guides PPLN pour devenir l'un des éléments clés des futurs protocoles de communication quantique.
Drouard, Emmanuel. "Modélisation et caractérisation de composants d'optique intégrée réalisés par implantation d'ions titane." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX30023.
Повний текст джерелаWe study, in collaboration with the company SILIOS Technologies, the potential of titanium ion implantation for fabricating integrated optics components. As the refractive index of silica is increased, we develop waveguides exhibiting an attenuation between 0. 1 and 0. 6 dB/cm, depending of the implanted dose and after the optimization of the annealing. Their effective indices increase with the dose. At a low dose, the coupling between a fibre and a waveguide reaches 90%. At a high dose, bend waveguides of radius as small as 500 µm transmit 90 % of the energy. Our measurements agree well with the modeling. A new mode converter links the waveguides of low and high confinement. Three solutions have been found to correct the polarization sensitivity of the waveguides: the lateral implantation, the artificial anisotropy of the core and the rotation of the polarization state. Finally, spectral filters in amplitude or in phase are synthesized using segmented planar waveguides
Haquin, Hervé. "Verres et guides d'onde de fluorozirconates dopés Er3+ ou Tm3+. Application à l'amplification optique." Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006276.
Повний текст джерелаMeffre, Wilfrid. "Guides d'onde d'oxydes dopés terres rares, élaborés par MO-CVD à source liquide, pour des applications en optique intégrée." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0129.
Повний текст джерелаHaquin, Herve. "Verres et guides d'onde de fluorozirconates dopes Er3+ ou Tm3+- applications a l'amplification optique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006276.
Повний текст джерелаBarety, Jean-Philippe. "Génération du second harmonique dans des guides d'ondes réalisés par échange protonique dans le Niobate de Lithium." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4018.
Повний текст джерелаBellini, Robert. "Étude théorique et expérimentale de guides optiques à base de polymères pour la réalisation de commutateurs électro-optiques." Lille 1, 2000. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/502d480b-7f97-4cc7-8ac6-ddbec62629c0.
Повний текст джерелаOrignac, Xavier. "Fabrication et caractérisation de guides d'ondes sol-gel dopés terres-rares pour la réalisation d'amplificateurs optiques intégrés." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0014.
Повний текст джерелаMahé, Hind. "Contribution à l'étude de la réalisation de fonctions électro-optiques intégrées en polymère." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1E009.
Повний текст джерелаOlivier, Ségolène. "Nouvelles structures miniatures dans des cristaux photoniques bidimensionnels planaires pour les fonctions de l'optique intégrée." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066454.
Повний текст джерелаDematteo, Caulier Ophélie. "Photo-inscription de guides d'onde dans les verres de chalcogénures." Thesis, Littoral, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DUNK0363/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aimed at the waveguide conception in chalcogenide glass, with a photo-writing technique. This one consists on a laser focus into the material, from the light-matter interaction it results a permanent refractive index variation (Δn). This technique is fast, single step and it doesn't require any chemical process intervention. Furthermore it really enables the three dimensional devices design. Two glasses were studied, one is the GeGaS and the other the As₂S₃. The responsible phenomena of these modifications was studied and described for each of the glasses. In the first one, the beam propagation on a filament form was highlighting. From the charge displacement, it ensues a modification of the glassy network structure which leads to a positive index variation. This Δn was studied and it was shown that its amplitude is controllable trhough the laser repetition rate or with the sample displacement velocity while its diameter remains constant independently of the experimental conditions. Into the second glass, effects of thermal origin were highlighted. For this As₂S₃ glass, while classical photo-writing Δn are negative, the use of an innovative helical trajectory led to the waveguide conception. After a systematic analysis of the experimental parameter influence, a control of the Δn amplitude and of the waveguide diameter was obtaines. So, monomode waveguides, with equivalent properties to the state-of-the-art, were realized in a single step
Vinchant, Jean-François. "Intégration monolithique de photodétecteurs et de guides optiques sur matériaux III-V." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10023.
Повний текст джерелаMoncond'huy, Thomas. "Développement de guides d'ondes absorbants saturables pour la réalisation de lasers Q-switch en optique intégrée sur verre." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT019/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince its creation in 1960, laser has become a really useful tool. Lasers are very versatile and they has become part of many of our everyday life tools. Coming in their pulsed form, lasers have opened-up others fields of application such as machining, cutting, marking or cleaning materials; or medicine and well-being and also sensors and in particular embedded sensors. Passively Q-Switched lasers are particularly adapted to this last field of application thanks to their energetic self-sufficiency, using the energy of the laser itself to create very energetic laser pulses whose duration order is about the nanosecond. The lasers made on optical glass wafers have also proved very suitable for the manufacture of on-board sensing devices: they show great stability, strong mechanical and chemical resistance, making them usable in a wide range of environmental conditions. At IMEP-LaHC, lasers made by silver / sodium ion exchange in erbium and ytterbium doped phosphate glasses were made. Pulsed lasers have also been realized using this planar waveguide technology in interaction with thin films of cellulose acetate doped with a dye named BDN, having the saturable absorption properties needed for the emergence of Q –Switch operation. These lasers can already address on-board sensing applications. However, some applications require even more power and above all a better environmental resistance than that proposed by cellulose acetate. In order to meet all these expectations, we present in this manuscript the production of saturable absorbers from BDN-doped sol-gel matrices to create saturable absorber waveguides. Specific characterization methods and saturable absorption simulations are developed to describe the operation of such devices and to evaluate the relevance of the choice of such matrices allied with BDN dye in order to create glass integrated Q-Switched lasers
Choueikani, Fadi. "Etude des potentialités de couches minces sol-gel dopées par des nanoparticules magnétiques pour la réalisation de composants magnéto-optiques intégrés." Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STET4010.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis is devoted to the study of the magneto-optical potentiality of thin films made of magnetic nanoparticles embedded in organic-inorganic sol-gel matrix, which can be used to develop components that have a non reciprocal effect such as optical isolator. Sol-gel gateway allows the fabrication of waveguides of low refractive index and controlled thickness. Its soft chemistry quality made the compatibility with classical integrated technology easier and especially the technology on glass. Concerning the magnetic nanoparticles, they are used to give to the sol-gel matrix an interesting magneto-optical effect. The purpose consists to realize the TE-TM mode conversion. Therefore, two parameters must be controlled : the modal birefringence and the Faraday rotation of the material. Results show that the sol-gel matrix doped with magnetic nanoparticles have an interesting potentiality illustrated by a specific Faradray rotation around 250°/cm and a modal birefringence of 10-4. The combination between these two values allows a conversion rate up than 80 %. In addition, the application of an orthogonal magnetic field during the sol-gel gelation phase induces a decrease of the mode birefringence which allows the possibility to realize a phase matching and a totally efficient mode conversion. Furthermore, the Faraday rotation curve possess a hysteresis phenomena which is characterized by a spontaneous effect around 40 % of the magnitude of the saturated Faraday rotation, that is θr = 100°/cm. The existence of the residual Faraday rotation without any applied magnetic field opens the way to realize auto-polarized components
Xu, Xiaolun. "Integrated Nanoemitters on Glass-based Waveguides by Photopolymerization." Thesis, Troyes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TROY0026.
Повний текст джерелаNanoemitters and nanosources of light are crucial elements for photonic devices. one of the key requirements is the ability to integrate nanoemitters onto specific optical chip locations. Many approaches have been explored for the practical realization of scalable photonic devices. However, these methods have some limitations such as complicated operations, high manufacturing costs, and multiple fabricating steps. This thesis aims to explore the feasibility of integrating nanoemitters based on quantum dots-polymer nanocomposites onto glass ion-exchanged waveguides-based optical substrates by photopolymerization process. We fabricated the size-controlled quantum dots-polymer ridges on top of waveguides by conducting the direct photopolymerization induced by the waveguide-coupled green laser with controlled laser power and exposure time. We succeeded in fabricating a single quantum dots-polymer nanocomposite directly on an ion-exchanged-waveguide by the developed laser printing technique based on two photon polymerization. The waveguide-coupled emission from the quantum dots inside the nanocomposite was demonstrated by our photoluminescence measurement results. This work provides primary experimental experience for our future work
Cherfi, Djamila. "Structures intégrées sur InP pour la commutation optique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10188.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is the study of different ways of integration based on InP optical waveguides to obtain 2x2 optical switching matrixes. For this purpose, we started with the monolithic integration of InP waveguides and highly confinement dielectrics waveguides. The active part is composed of InP waveguides and the passive part is constituted of dielectric waveguides which are tapered and very compact. In spite of strong theoretical and technological efforts developed to reach our target up to now monolithic integration doesn’t lead to low insertion losses fitting with industrial needs. Nevertheless, we designed and fabricated a new InP waveguide which allows a good coupling with glass waveguides of Teem Photonics company. Finally, we designed and fabricated a Digital Optical Switch with the new InP waveguide. Its characterizations proved the advantage of this waveguide for the optical switching
Meunier, Jean-Pierre. "Analyse de la propagation dans les guides d'ondes optiques à l'aide d'une méthode de projection." Saint-Etienne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STET4002.
Повний текст джерелаSalas-Montiel, Rafael. "Sources lasers pulsées en optique intégrée sur verre." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0024.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of integrated pulsed laser sources showing similar performances to those of bulk lasers represents a solution for applications in medicine, metrology and research where small size and robustness are required. Furthermore, the possibility to integrate both passive and active functions on the sa me substrate together with a high coupling efficiency with optical fibres makes these kinds of sources an attractive solution. This manuscript reports the study, realisation and characterisation of glass integrated optics hybrid passively Q-switched waveguide lasers. We have demonstrated the successful operation of a hybrid passively Q-switched waveguide laser. This laser is composed of a waveguide amplifier made of a Nd-doped phosphate glass combined with a saturable absorber cladding. The laser cavity was provided by two dielectric mirrors attached to the facets of the waveguides. An optical pulse width of 2. 0 :t 0. 1 ns was obtained for 180 :t 5 mW of launched pump power. The repetition rate ranges from 5 to 50 kHz for 110 to 260 :t 5 mW of launched pump power. The perspectives of this work could be the realisation of hybrid passively DFB Q-switched waveguide lasers and hybrid passively mode-Iocked waveguide lasers
Maalouf, Azar. "Contribution à l'étude des procédés de réalisation de circuits intégrés optiques en matériaux polymères." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00456179.
Повний текст джерелаJin, Guanghai. "Nouvelles techniques de modélisation optique : application à quelques composants d'optique intégrée." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10212.
Повний текст джерелаAubert, Sébastien. "Etude de guides d'ondes intégrés sur verre par microscopie optique en champ proche utilisant des sondes diffusantes sans ouverture." Troyes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TROY0008.
Повний текст джерелаThe light propagation in waveguides cannot be directly observed using far field optics. Optical near-field microscopy allows this observation using tapered optical fiber probes. These probes are called aperture probes. In this thesis, we present for the first time the use of metallic of silicon atomic force microscope probes for the same application. These probes are called apertureless probes. An apertureless scanning near-field optical microscope has been developed from a commercial atomic force microscope and used in order to study ion exchange optical integrated devices. After we show how this set-up can detect an evanescent field using the tapping mode and a lock-in, the image formation process is analyzed in detail. It points out an interference effect between the field scattered by the probe and the field scattered by defects closed to the probe. This microscope then leads to the mapping of propagating field, the measurement of mode profiles at the component output and the determination of progatating constants. We show the experimental set-up, results for a straight waveguide, the imaging of a Y junction imbalance and we present a heterodyne interferometric detection to improve performances
Begou, Thomas. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation de composants photoniques intégrés à base de matériaux diélectriques élaborés par procédés plasmas." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2109.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is devoted to the design, fabrication and characterization of integrated photonic devices based on dielectric materials grown at low temperature, on silicon substrate, by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The functional property mainly aimed is the waveguiding in monomode configuration. Waveguides have been designed and simulated by the way of analytical approaches derived from the Maxwell electromagnetic wave formalism. This step leads to the core and cladding sizing for multi or monomode devices. A first class of Si/SiO2/SiOxCyHz waveguides is developed from organosilicon materials deposited in oxygen/hexamethylidisiloxane plasma. Optical characterization of these thin films is performed by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Optical losses corresponding to a monomode transverse electrical (TE) or transverse magnetical (TM) propagation are measured through a micronic injection bench equipped a 670 nm laser. New materials, close to titanium dioxide, well suited to the development of highly integrated photonics (high value of the refractive index) have been synthesized from titanium isopropoxide (TIPT) used with a carrier gas and diluted in oxygen. Potentially interesting properties have been obtained when the titanium precursor is highly diluted. A significant improvement of the optical properties (nTiO2=2. 36 à 633 nm) and a densification of the layers are observed when the samples are elaborated with a low radiofrequency polarization at the level of the substrate holder
Li, Ming Jun. "Génération de deuxième harmonique en configuration "Cerenkov" dans les guides d'ondes réalisés par échange protonique dans le niobate de lithium." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4210.
Повний текст джерелаPetitjean, Michae͏̈l. "Etude de microrésonateurs optiques par modes de galerie couplés à des fibres polies sur le côté." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0006.
Повний текст джерелаMartin, Tifenn. "Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide (AFSIW) Filters and multiplexers for space application." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0391.
Повний текст джерелаThe emergence of novel microwave and millimeter wave applications in the automotive and communication sectors including the internet of things (IoT), the fifth generation of mobile (5G), and the new space, require the development of new alternative technologies providing a suitable tradeoff in terms of size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP C). This change of paradigm is essentially due to the increase of data rate, leading to the growth of bandwidth. As a substantially increasing number of systems are competing for frequency spectrum occupancy, the microwave community is pushed to develop new innovative systems at higher frequency with an increased efficiency.This change of paradigm has highly stimulated the development of low cost, high performance, highly integrated, compact, and mass producible microwave and millimeter wave systems. At the heart of a system, microwave and millimeter wave filters are essential devices allowing to select the desired information. Low loss filters are highly desired in transmitter and receiver circuits to achieve high efficiency and low noise figures. The conventional way to achieve low loss performance is to use high quality factor resonators. For most high performance applications, the air-filled rectangular waveguide (RWG) technology is used to comply with the severe specifications requested by the industry. Nevertheless, this technology becomes prohibitive in terms of cost where a mass production is needed. To reduce the cost of such components, the use of the so called substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) emerging technology has been proposed. This technology benefits from low cost and highly integrated properties. The SIW technology is a good candidate for application that needs low cost with medium insertion loss, but for high performance applications, such as the emerging new space, the achieved performances are not compliant with the severe specifications, making the implementation of the SIW technology for high performance applications restrictive.Recently, the alternative air filled substrate integrated waveguide (AFSIW), based on multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) is expected to fulfill satellite constellation application requirements as it offers a compromise between the conventional RWG and SIW technologies. This structure aims to dramatically reduce the insertion loss of the propagation medium, while maintaining the high integration and low cost aspect. Hence making it a potential good candidate for future generation of satellite payloads.Taking into consideration the presented context, the work carried out during this Ph.D. thesis has been led towards the implementation of the AFSIW for the new space applications. A particular attention has been given to the proposal, analysis, development, and implementation of innovative and original concepts for microwave filtering functions. The proposed work is based on the classic waveguide theory taking advantage of the standard PCB process to allow the development of improved and novel filters and multiplexer for space applications.This Ph.D. thesis highlights the last advances made on the development of microwave filters and multiplexer using the AFSIW technology. This includes the starting ideas, theoretical demonstrations, simulations, and experimental validations with fabricated prototypes. The results of this work are promising and demonstrate the relevance of the technology for its implementation in future satellite payload systems. In fact, a sub system of a satellite payload has been developed in this thesis to answer the need of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES). The demonstrated concepts gained from this thesis can be considered as a good base to further develop and popularize the AFSIW technology not only for space applications but also for ground systems
Marzolf, Eric. "Etude de technologies d'antennes pour les communications millimétriques." Rennes, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAR0005.
Повний текст джерелаBigeon, John. "Propagation sub-longueur d'onde au sein de nanotubes et nanofils polymères passifs et actifs." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S075/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the field of nanophotonics, the understanding of optical phenomena related to sub-wavelength guiding in filled structures (nanowires) or hollow (nanotubes) is a priority. The objective of this thesis focused on the study of light propagation in new passive and active nanoscale waveguides. For this, nanowires and nanotubes based polymer has been designed and developed by template wetting method. To characterize their optical behavior and in particular the sub-wavelength propagation, new numerical and experimental tools have been developed. Modelling phenomena propagating in these nanofibers was performed by the numerical FDTD method. The effects of the geometry of these nanotubes and nanowires, by their size (outer and inner diameter for nanotubes) and propagating on the substrate and the behavior of losses have been determined in particular. Experimentally, two types of nanofibers have been used: - "passive" nanofibers based on SU8 polymer and - "active" polymer nanofibers having a waveguiding polymer and a luminophor as a source at nanoscale. To study nanofibers SU8, direct injection was performed through an microlensed optical fiber. A striking result is the assessment of optical losses measured by the cut-back around 1.25 dB/mm for nanotubes to external and internal diameters respectively 240 nm and 120 nm. This assessment of optical losses appear very competitive compared to other systems currently envisaged for integrated nanophotonics. Regarding the active nanofibers which comprise luminophors (organometallic cluster or fluorescent polymer PFO), our studies have validated the excitation of mode by characterization in Fourier space. Our results showed the potential of organic nanofibers as bricks for nanophotonics