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1
Thomsen, Rie. "Career guidance on the move: Developing guidance in new places." Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling 31, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20856/jnicec.3103.
Анотація:
This article is about how the notion of place can be used in an analysis of career guidance practices and their development. It is about how a focus on the context of career guidance can develop an awareness of the place where guidance is practiced and support the development of career guidance in new places. In this article I introduce an analytical perspective on place; I give the example of the guidance café a practice development that took place into serious consideration because it was an attempt to develop career guidance practice through relocating it.
2
Supeno, Eddy, Sabruna Dorceus, Geneviève Rivard, Yann Le Corff, and Sylvain Bourdon. "Career Information Practices of Guidance Practitioners." Canadian Journal of Career Development 21, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.53379/cjcd.2022.336.
Анотація:
Although career development theories underline the central role of information in career choice and studies show that guidance practitioners are among the main information sources of people making career choices, the actual information practices of these practitioners in their career interventions remain fragmented. Moreover, the studies on the theme of career choice associating information, information sources and information practices (whether it is among guidance practitioners or individuals in career choice) offer little conceptualization on these notions. In order to fill this gap, an online survey of 330 guidance practitioners in Quebec was conducted to document specifically their career information practices (information sources consulted and categories of career information sought). Statistical analysis show that the main career information sought relates to central elements of career choice (training programs and occupations) and the main information sources consulted are non-human and institutional. In addition, some contextual elements are associated with seeking and selecting certain categories of information and sources. The discussion highlights the importance of digital sources in the information practices of these practitioners, the association between the populations served and the choice of information sources and categories of career information and the role of co-workers as information support on career and beyond.
3
Phansalkar, Shobha, Meryl Bloomrosen, Robert Jenders, Anne Bobb, John Halamka, Gilad Kuperman, Thomas Payne, et al. "Best Practices in Clinical Decision Support." Applied Clinical Informatics 01, no. 03 (2010): 331–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2010-05-ra-0031.
Анотація:
Summary Background: Evidence demonstrates that clinical decision support (CDS) is a powerful tool for improving healthcare quality and ensuring patient safety. However, implementing and maintaining effective decision support interventions presents multiple technical and organizational challenges. Purpose: To identify best practices for CDS, using the domain of preventive care reminders as an example. Methods: We assembled a panel of experts in CDS and held a series of facilitated online and in-person discussions. We analyzed the results of these discussions using a grounded theory method to elicit themes and best practices. Results: Eight best practice themes were identified as important: deliver CDS in the most appropriate ways, develop effective governance structures, consider use of incentives, be aware of workflow, keep content current, monitor and evaluate impact, maintain high quality data, and consider sharing content. Keys themes within each of these areas were also described. Conclusion: Successful implementation of CDS requires consideration of both technical and socio-technical factors. The themes identified in this study provide guidance on crucial factors that need consideration when CDS is implemented across healthcare settings. These best practice themes may be useful for developers, implementers, and users of decision support.
4
Hugh, Maria, Kathleen Tuck, Alana Schnitz, Lisa Didion, and Andrea Nelson. "Meeting the Need: Proposed Early Childhood Special Education Intensive Intervention Competencies for Preservice Preparation." Journal of Special Education Preparation 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/5927cdd2.
Анотація:
Improving outcomes for young children with high-intensity needs requires a high-quality workforce trained in equitable, intensive, individualized instructional practices and supports incorporating culturally and linguistically responsive evidence- based practices (Gunn, 2020) and developmentally appropriate practices (DAP; NAEYC, 2021) Nationally recommended practices (Division of Early Childhood [DEC], 2014) and teacher preparation standards (DEC, 2020) provide the frameworks for early childhood special education training. However, guidance on intensifying individualized instructional practices and supports is needed. The intensive intervention taxonomy (Fuchs et al., 2017) offers educators guidance on improving the effectiveness and intensity of interventions for K-12 students for whom current approaches are unsuccessful. However, more guidance is needed on intensifying instruction in early childhood (0-8 years old). To offer support to early intervention/ early childhood special education (EI/ECSE) education preparation programs, we offer an adapted version of the taxonomy that is transformed into competencies that EI/ECSE educators with expertise in supporting young children with high-intensity needs. We ground these competencies in a strengths-based (Wehmeyer, 2019), culturally responsive approach to learning and instruction (Gay, 2010). Next, we aligned these competencies with critical features of early childhood (e.g., naturalistic instruction, family partnerships, DAP). We offer these competencies and a sample program of study to ensure EI/ECSE educators are equipped with intensification competencies through their pre-service preparation to support all young children, including those with high-intensity support needs.
5
Rubina, J. "Fostering Support and Empowering Learners in Inclusive Education." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 11, S1-Nov (November 20, 2023): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v11is1-nov.6855.
Анотація:
The crucial component of guidance and counselling in the framework of inclusive education, placing a strong emphasis on nurturing support and empowerment for learners. The primary goal of inclusive education is to accommodate the diverse needs of all students, irrespective of their varying abilities and backgrounds. Guidance and counseling assume a pivotal role in establishing an inclusive environment through the provision of tailored support, addressing individual challenges, and cultivating a sense of empowerment among learners. The various strategies and practices employed in guidance and counseling to ensure inclusivity, with a dedicated focus on fostering the holistic development of students. A system of education that is inclusive must prioritise participation and guidance. Effective implementation of inclusive education, ensuring fair access, participation, and success for all learners, involves offering advice and assistance to teachers, individualised student support, encouraging community and family involvement, and promoting inclusive policies
6
Vemou, Konstantina, and Maria Karyda. "Evaluating privacy impact assessment methods: guidelines and best practice." Information & Computer Security 28, no. 1 (August 26, 2019): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-04-2019-0047.
Анотація:
Purpose This paper aims to practically guide privacy impact assessment (PIA) implementation by proposing a PIA process incorporating best practices from existing PIA guidelines and privacy research. Design/methodology/approach This paper critically reviews and assesses generic PIA methods proposed by related research, data protection authorities and standard’s organizations, to identify best practices and practically support PIA practitioners. To address identified gaps, best practices from privacy literature are proposed. Findings This paper proposes a PIA process based on best practices, as well as an evaluation framework for existing PIA guidelines, focusing on practical support to PIA practitioners. Practical implications The proposed PIA process facilitates PIA practitioners in organizing and implementing PIA projects. This paper also provides an evaluation framework, comprising a comprehensive set of 17 criteria, for PIA practitioners to assess whether PIA methods/guidelines can adequately support requirements of their PIA projects (e.g. special legal framework and needs for PIA project organization guidance). Originality/value This research extends PIA guidelines (e.g. ISO 29134) by providing comprehensive and practical guidance to PIA practitioners. The proposed PIA process is based on best practices identified from evaluation of nine commonly used PIA methods, enriched with guidelines from privacy literature, to accommodate gaps and support tasks that were found to be inadequately described or lacking practical guidance.
7
Ragain, Lisa, Sheldon Masters, Timothy A. Bartrand, Jennifer L. Clancy, and Andrew J. Whelton. "Analysis of building plumbing system flushing practices and communications." Journal of Water and Health 17, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2019.024.
Анотація:
Abstract Drinking water distribution system contamination incidents can prompt public agencies and drinking water utilities to issue do-not-drink and do-not-use advisories. After the contaminant is cleared from distribution mains, consumers are often directed to flush their plumbing. However, little validated guidance and few evaluated communications strategies are available on using flushing to decontaminate building water systems. Additionally, limited data support the effectiveness of current practices and recommendations. In this study, expert elicitation was used to assess existing flushing guidance and develop validated flushing guidance and communications for single-family residences. The resulting guidance recommends progressively opening all cold-water taps from the closest to point of entry to the furthest and allowing the water to run for at least 20 minutes. Hot-water taps should be opened progressively and run for at least 75 minutes. The guidance language and format conformed to grade-level and readability scores within recommended health communication ranges. The readability of eight other flushing guidance documents was also evaluated for contamination incidents from 2008–2015. Seven were written at a 10th–12th grade level, above the 6th–7th grade level recommended for health communications.
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Tumilty, Emma, Cara Pennel, Krista Bohn, Claire Cynthia Hallmark, and Sharon Croisant. "290 Are you trust-worthy: Trust-building activities in Translational Sciences." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 8, s1 (April 2024): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.266.
Анотація:
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Many researchers aim to build trust with communities and participants. Trust building is meant to achieve greater representation across aspects of research whether in participation, or more comprehensively as partners from design to dissemination. We provide practical guidance for trust building activities and the ethical issues that can arise. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: While trust itself is inherently seen as an ethical good, often little attention is paid to the ethical aspects of trust building exercises themselves and the fact that trust can vary in type. Using a bioethical analysis of trustworthiness, we discuss how to approach trust in different relationships and settings. Explicit communication about the supports/constraints and potential outcomes of new trusted relationships is required for ethical practice. Where relationships are built without appropriate transparency and follow through, or with misunderstandings about potential shared values, priorities, or desired outcomes, significant harms can occur in the short- and long term. Using a bioethical framework and practical examples we provide guidance on how to engage in ethical trust building activities. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: While many people are good at the trust building work they do, this work is often not shared as best practices and is ascribed to individual skill. This is slowly changing and an evidence-base is being developed that can support those new to these activities. Ethical guidance to support trust building practices, especially for those new to these activities, is currently lacking. By providing both a conceptual and normative bioethical analysis grounded in practice, we provide the foundations for new activities and the necessary support for work that explores and determines best practices. This analysis provides an understanding of trust including a taxonomy and a discussion of how different types of trust can be built and can support research activities, as well as problems that can arise. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Trust building activities with communities and participants are crucial to much of translational science and research, but ethical guidance on how to engage in these activities well is lacking. We provide bioethical guidance and offer practical recommendations.
9
Kapel, Scottie, and Krista Schmidt. "A student-focused checklist for creating infographics." Reference Services Review 49, no. 3/4 (November 1, 2021): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rsr-07-2021-0042.
Анотація:
PurposeThis paper discusses efforts to produce instructional support objects for undergraduate students engaged in creating infographics, an alternative assignment growing in popularity at the authors' university.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examined scholarly, professional, trade and open-web sources to identify best practices for design and data visualization for this type of assignment. They categorized their findings and used a preponderance-of-evidence method for final selection of relevant practices. The authors detail the creation of their support products (instructional checklists and example infographics) and offer recommendations for librarians engaged in similar efforts.FindingsDespite the growing popularity of alternative assignments, guidance for best practices in data and design as they relate to student-created infographics is nascent, and best practices for design and data visualization in this context have yet to be concretely identified. Without extant guidance for student-created infographics, the authors developed a checklist of potential best practices for design and data visualization.Practical implicationsThe use of alternative projects assigned in lieu of traditional research papers is growing. Additional guidance may be required for students creating non-traditional works as standards and best practices for these projects are under-developed in the academic setting. Librarians will want to consider their role in supporting students assigned to create an alternative project.Originality/valueA consideration of best practices for data and design visualization for students designing research infographics has not yet been written.
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Tham, Melissa, and Elizabeth Knight. "Do organisation career support programs draw on career guidance practices? A reading of career support programs for students and families of refugee and new migrant backgrounds." Australian Journal of Career Development 33, no. 1 (March 25, 2024): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10384162241232479.
Анотація:
Accessing high-quality career development to support successful transitions into post-compulsory education and employment can be a challenge for newly arrived students of refugee and migrant backgrounds. In Australia, not-for-profit organisations provide career guidance to students within schools that enrol refugee and migrant families. Through programs, not-for-profit organisations can provide mentoring, support and other career services. This research explores the marketing materials of organisation-provided career guidance programs based in Australian secondary schools. A close textual reading of how the programs engage with the discipline and practices of career guidance reveal a deficit framing of students and their families, with limited focus on promoting agency across programs. In light of the increasing resettlement of refugees and migrants in Australia, these findings highlight a need to balance social justice principles with greater engagement with the discipline of career education when enacting career interventions with vulnerable groups.
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Davies, Paul, Mason Minnitt, and Caroline Vernon. "Community asset-based career guidance: Using evaluation to assist the development of emerging practices." Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20856/jnicec.2807.
Анотація:
An evaluation of a community learning programme targeting young people found that people within local organisations (hereafter Community Assets) who were primarily responsible for providing learning opportunities, were also offering career guidance, although they did not wish to describe their activities as such. Through discussions with these Assets, it became clear that their career guidance practices could be related to the theory of identity capital. Although the programme finished at a time when the future of career guidance in England was uncertain, the Community Assets’ enthusiasm for this practice, and the support of local schools, indicated that this was an approach which could be developed further
12
Alencar, Lena Cláudia Maia, Creusa Barbosa dos Santos Trindade, and Valeria Regina Cavalcante dos Santos. "Management and Planning of Basic Life Support: School Community Guidance." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 9, no. 9 (2022): 053–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.99.6.
Анотація:
The objective of the study is to analyze how the process of implementation of the Basic Life Support Program (BLS) takes place, in the State Education Network, for the proposition of a didactic instrument to introduce the orientation and importance of the knowledge of BLS in the Community. School of the State Public Education Network of Pará. The main theoretical and methodological references supported in this project are the studies by CHEHUEN NETO et al. (2016) and PEDUZZI (2001), the guideline by BERNOCHE et al. (2019) and Law 13,722 of BRAZIL (2018). The study is bibliographic, qualitative and exploratory, based on action research. According to Brown (2001, p. 152): “action research is a term that applies to projects in which practitioners seek to effect transformations in their own practices. The product proposal is based on the creation of a didactic instrument to guide in a practical and effective way the school community of the State Education Network, in SBV to be developed by the researcher who will be responsible with the Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará Foundation (FSCMP) for this guidance in partnership with SEDUC (Secretariat of Education). This project is expected to promote the orientation of the importance of knowledge of the SBV in the School Community and its inclusion in the State Curriculum Matrix.
13
QIU, TIANJIAO. "INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL PRACTICES ON SOCIAL SUPPORT OF FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS' STARTUPS." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 23, no. 01 (March 2018): 1850007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946718500073.
Анотація:
Social support of female entrepreneurs' startups is critical for the sustainable development of female entrepreneurship in a country. This study empirically tests how nine cultural practices, including performance orientation, uncertainty avoidance, in-group collectivism, power distance, gender egalitarianism, humane orientation, institutional collectivism, future orientation and assertiveness, impact social support of female entrepreneurs' startups across different countries. For the period between 2009 and 2012, sixty-two countries were analyzed using longitudinal data with hierarchical linear modeling techniques. The empirical findings demonstrate three cultural practices (power distance, uncertainty avoidance and future orientation) play major roles in explaining the variation of social support of female entrepreneurs. In contrast, the effects of cultural practices of human orientation, institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism, assertiveness, gender egalitarianism and performance orientation are negligible. Further moderation tests show that a country's macroeconomic environment significantly moderates the relationship between the cultural practice of uncertainty avoidance and social support of female entrepreneurs' startups. The findings provide practical guidance to policymakers on how to develop robust ecosystems with strong cultural practices that enhance social support of female entrepreneurs.
14
Gohil, Shruti K., Edward Septimus, Kenneth Sands, Eunice J. Blanchard, Julia Moody, Annabelle De St Maurice, Deborah S. Yokoe, et al. "426. COVID-19 Infection Prevention Practices That Exceed CDC Guidance: Balancing Extra Caution Against Impediments to Care." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S313—S314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.626.
Анотація:
Abstract Background At the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) raised concerns about personal risks of acquiring infection during patient care. This led to more stringent infection prevention practices than CDC guidelines during a time of uncertainty about transmission and limited U.S. testing capacity. Hospitals were challenged to protect against true COVID-19 exposure risks, while avoiding use of unproven measures that could interfere with timely, high quality care. We evaluated hospital experiences with HCW COVID-19 exposure concerns impacting clinical workflow/management. Methods We conducted a 32-question structured survey of hospital infection prevention leaders (one per hospital) from CDC Prevention Epicenters, University of California (CA) Health system, HCA Healthcare, and the Southern CA Metrics Committee between May–Dec, 2020. We assessed facility characteristics and COVID-19 exposure concerns causing changes in respiratory care, procedure delays/modifications, requests to change infection prevention processes, disruptions in routine medical care, and health impacts of PPE overuse. Percentages were calculated among respondents for each question. Results Respondents represented 53 hospitals: 22 (42%) were small (< 200 beds), 14 (26%) medium (200-400 beds), and 17 (32%) large ( >400 beds) facilities. Of these, 11 (21%) provided Level 1 trauma care, and 22 (41%) provided highly immunocompromised patient care; 75% had cared for a substantial number of COVID-19 cases before survey completion. Majority reported changes in respiratory care delivery (71%-87%), procedural delays (75%-87%), requests to change infection prevention controls/protocols (58%-96%), and occupational health impacts of PPE overuse including skin irritation (98%) and carbon dioxide narcosis symptoms (55%) (Table). Conclusion HCW concerns over work-related COVID-19 exposure contributed to practice changes, many of which are unsupported by CDC guidance and resulted in healthcare delivery delays and alterations in clinical care. Pandemic planning and response must include the ability to rapidly develop evidence to guide infection prevention practice. Disclosures Shruti K. Gohil, MD, MPH, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Co-Investigator in studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products)Molnycke (Other Financial or Material Support, Co-Investigator in studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products)Stryker (Sage) (Other Financial or Material Support, Co-Investigator in studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products) Edward Septimus, MD, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic products)Molnlycke (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic products) Kenneth Sands, MD, MPH, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Eunice J. Blanchard, MSN RN, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Julia Moody, MS, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product)Molnlycke (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Deborah S. Yokoe, MD, MPH, Nothing to disclose Jonathan Grein, MD, Gilead (Other Financial or Material Support, Speakers fees) Stuart H. Cohen, MD, Seres (Research Grant or Support) Kimberly N. Smith, MBA, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Brandon Carver, BA, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Russell Poland, PhD, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Jonathan B. Perlin, MD, PhD, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product)Molnlycke (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Richard Platt, MD, MSc, Medline (Research Grant or Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product)Molnlycke (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals received contributed antiseptic product) Susan S. Huang, MD, MPH, Medline (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products)Molnlycke (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products)Stryker (Sage) (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products)Xttrium (Other Financial or Material Support, Conducted studies in which participating hospitals and nursing homes received contributed antiseptic and cleaning products)
15
Ball, Lauren, Susan De Jersey, Joy Parkinson, Lisa Vincze, and Shelley Wilkinson. "Postpartum nutrition: Guidance for general practitioners to support high-quality care." Australian Journal of General Practice 51, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31128/ajgp-09-21-6151.
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De Haes, Steven, and Wim Van Grembergen. "Analysing the Impact of Enterprise Governance of IT Practices on Business Performance." International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 14–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitbag.2010120402.
Анотація:
Enterprise governance of IT (EGIT) is about the definition and implementation of processes, structures and relational mechanisms that enable both business and IT people to execute their responsibilities in support of business/IT alignment and the creation of business value from IT-enabled business investments. In this field, practice-oriented guidance like COBIT and Val IT are often promoted as broad frameworks to implement enterprise governance of IT, but very little academic research is available that empirically supports the assumption that implementing EGIT practices, as defined by COBIT and Val IT, improve business performance. This article explores the relationship between Enterprise Governance of IT practices and business performance, and finds little support to identify a direct link between EGIT practices and business performance. However, clear empirical evidence is revealed demonstrating that the implementation of EGIT practices impacts the achievement of specific IT goals, which in turn impacts the achievement of specific business goals. A three-layered cascade is proposed to demonstrate the impact of EGIT practices, through IT goals, on business performance.
17
Saunders, Alicia F., Jenny R. Root, and Bree A. Jimenez. "Recommendations for Inclusive Educational Practices in Mathematics for Students With Extensive Support Needs." Inclusion 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-7.2.75.
Анотація:
Abstract There is very limited research on inclusive mathematics instruction for students with extensive support needs (i.e., moderate to severe intellectual disability, autism, multiple disabilities) and this is a critical area of need. The purpose of this article is to propose a framework for mathematics instruction for students with extensive support needs in inclusive settings using practices that have been found effective in more restrictive settings, combined with the limited findings on effective inclusive practices for students with extensive support needs. A conceptual model for mathematics instruction for students with extensive support needs is illustrated and described. The proposed model provides guidance for collaborative teams and key stakeholders when planning for mathematics instruction in inclusive settings. Barriers to including students with extensive support needs in general education mathematics settings are discussed and recommendations for overcoming these barriers are described.
18
Trinkley, Katy E., Miranda E. Kroehl, Michael G. Kahn, Larry A. Allen, Tellen D. Bennett, Gary Hale, Heather Haugen, et al. "Applying Clinical Decision Support Design Best Practices With the Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model Versus Reliance on Commercially Available Clinical Decision Support Tools: Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Medical Informatics 9, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): e24359. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24359.
Анотація:
Background Limited consideration of clinical decision support (CDS) design best practices, such as a user-centered design, is often cited as a key barrier to CDS adoption and effectiveness. The application of CDS best practices is resource intensive; thus, institutions often rely on commercially available CDS tools that are created to meet the generalized needs of many institutions and are not user centered. Beyond resource availability, insufficient guidance on how to address key aspects of implementation, such as contextual factors, may also limit the application of CDS best practices. An implementation science (IS) framework could provide needed guidance and increase the reproducibility of CDS implementations. Objective This study aims to compare the effectiveness of an enhanced CDS tool informed by CDS best practices and an IS framework with a generic, commercially available CDS tool. Methods We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed methods study. An IS-enhanced and commercial CDS alert were compared in a cluster randomized trial across 28 primary care clinics. Both alerts aimed to improve beta-blocker prescribing for heart failure. The enhanced alert was informed by CDS best practices and the Practical, Robust, Implementation, and Sustainability Model (PRISM) IS framework, whereas the commercial alert followed vendor-supplied specifications. Following PRISM, the enhanced alert was informed by iterative, multilevel stakeholder input and the dynamic interactions of the internal and external environment. Outcomes aligned with PRISM’s evaluation measures, including patient reach, clinician adoption, and changes in prescribing behavior. Clinicians exposed to each alert were interviewed to identify design features that might influence adoption. The interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach. Results Between March 15 and August 23, 2019, the enhanced alert fired for 61 patients (106 alerts, 87 clinicians) and the commercial alert fired for 26 patients (59 alerts, 31 clinicians). The adoption and effectiveness of the enhanced alert were significantly higher than those of the commercial alert (62% vs 29% alerts adopted, P<.001; 14% vs 0% changed prescribing, P=.006). Of the 21 clinicians interviewed, most stated that they preferred the enhanced alert. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that applying CDS best practices with an IS framework to create CDS tools improves implementation success compared with a commercially available tool. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04028557; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04028557
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Al-Jaro, Morshed, Adelina Asmawi, and Abdul-Qader Khleel Abdul-Ghafour. "Supervisory Support Received by EFL Student Teachers during Practicum: The Missing Link." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 2, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v2i4.437.
Анотація:
This study investigates the role of supervisory support for assisting the EFL student teachers to perform better during practicum. It also aims at identifying the barriers of effective supervision during teaching practicum. The study adopts the qualitative research design using a multiple case study. Semi-structured interviews are developed to collect data from four student teachers and their supervisors during their teaching practices at local secondary schools in Yemen. Four emerging themes are developed from the thematic analysis of the data including the supervisory support on lesson planning, teaching strategies, classroom management and the number of observations. The findings reveal that the participating student teachers received insufficient support and guidance from their panel supervisors which limit their pedagogical practices during practicum. The findings also highlight some barriers to effective supervision due to some restrictions. The study provides practical implications for EFL teacher education program administrators and developers to reconsider the supervision plan so as to contribute towards professional teaching practices at schools during practicum in Yemen.
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Ery Maritim. "Membimbing Siswa Menulis Dan Menerbitkan Karya Buku Anak Melalui Gerakan Literasi Sekolah." Morfologi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Bahasa, Sastra dan Budaya 2, no. 1 (January 8, 2024): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/morfologi.v2i1.296.
Анотація:
This article discusses best practices in guiding students to write and publish works through the school literacy movement at SD Negeri 02 Tanjungsari. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into effective approaches and strategies in developing students' writing skills as well as encouraging them to publish work. This paper describes some best practices that can be applied in the context of the school literacy movement. First, it is important for schools to create an environment that supports and encourages students to write. This can be done through the establishment of reading corners in the classroom, literacy groups, creative spaces, and support from school residents. Giving special time to writing, providing relevant resources, providing appropriate guidance and guidance to students in the writing process are also important factors in increasing students' interest and motivation in writing. Teachers can use an inclusive and differentiated approach to ensure that every student gets support that suits their needs. The provision of constructive feedback and the opportunity to revise writing are also important aspects of guiding students in writing. The importance of publishing students' works as an effort to motivate them and provide a sense of achievement. Guiding students to write and publish work through the school literacy movement requires a holistic and structured approach. By creating a supportive environment, providing appropriate guidance, schools can motivate and help students develop writing skills as well as appreciate the value of their works.
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Brundage, Michael Donald, Jennifer O'Donnell, Margaret Hart, Lorella Divanbeigi Divanbeigi, Eric Gutierrez, Michelle Ang, Elizabeth Murray, and Padraig Richard Warde. "Evidence-based guidance for peer review “best practices” in radiation oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 8_suppl (March 10, 2017): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.8_suppl.180.
Анотація:
180 Background: Peer review (PR) is an essential component of quality assurance in radiation oncology practice, endorsed by Canadian cancer agencies as a national standard of quality care. However, reported patterns of care studies indicate that PR practice varies considerably, including which contours (e.g., target volumes, organs at risk (OARs)), which dose parameters (e.g., OAR constraints, homogeneity criteria), which decision making points (e.g., decision to treat, selection of anatomical regions), and which treatment imaging parameters are included in the PR process. Both qualitative and quantitative evidence support the need for guidance on PR best practices. Here we report processes for the establishment of best-practice guidelines/minimal standards for PR. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was done to quantify PR findings for each of 3 cancer streams: head/neck, lung, and breast. This evidence summarized which aspects of radiotherapy plans were most frequently "flagged" at PR. A modified Delphi process was used to develop cancer site-specific PR guidance documents: appropriate stakeholders were first identified; a pre-meeting survey determined opinions on which plan elements are essential/important to review; a face-to-face meeting considered the evidence base and survey results to reach consensus. Parallel processes were conducted separately for each stream. Results: The literature findings were compiled to summarize the reported proportion of plans flagged by PR, and the nature of the flag (i.e. volumes, dose, OARs, other) for each cancer stream. Stakeholders included radiation oncologists, physicists, radiation therapists, and patients, specific to each stream. Draft guidance documents were created on the basis of stakeholder consensus regarding which components of PR were deemed essential; other important or “second tier” elements were also identified. Conclusions: Guidance documents including minimum standards for PR can be successfully created based on structured consensus development informed by available evidence. This guidance promises to reduce variation in PR thereby optimizing the efficiencies of PR processes, and increasing the quality of radiation treatment plans.
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Berg Leer, Elizabeth. "Researching and Writing History through Community Collaboration." Voices from the Middle 22, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/vm201526934.
Анотація:
The SCOPE (Student Community Outreach Program Experience) program is a model for engaging students in literacy activities across disciplines. It serves as an exemplar for what is possible when students are provided the opportunity for authentic learning, adequate guidance to support the learning, and necessary resources through community support and collaboration. Not only are students developing literacy skills, but they are directly applying those skills in important, real-world contexts. They are learning that literary practices have relevance beyond the classroom, and that through these practices, they have the power to positively impact their communities.
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Weist, Mark D., Lucille Eber, Robert Horner, Joni Splett, Robert Putnam, Susan Barrett, Kelly Perales, Amanda J. Fairchild, and Sharon Hoover. "Improving Multitiered Systems of Support for Students With “Internalizing” Emotional/Behavioral Problems." Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 20, no. 3 (February 11, 2018): 172–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098300717753832.
Анотація:
A recently defined interconnected systems framework (ISF) provides explicit guidance on steps to align positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) and expanded school mental health (SMH) within the multitiered system of support (MTSS). As PBIS and SMH strategies align, there are opportunities to expand and improve effective programs and services for students at all tiers of the MTSS. A prominent need is to improve programs and services for students presenting “internalizing” disorders such as those related to trauma, depression, and anxiety. In this article, we discuss relevant issues involved in improving multitiered systems/interventions for students presenting internalizing problems and provide guidance for this work in dimensions of cross-system collaboration (with major emphasis on effective teams), implementing evidence-based practices, and data-based decision making/quality improvement. The article concludes with recommendations for practice, research, and policy to improve MTSS for students presenting internalizing problems.
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Kirchhoff, Karin T., and Jennifer A. Kowalkowski. "Current Practices for Withdrawal of Life Support in Intensive Care Units." American Journal of Critical Care 19, no. 6 (November 1, 2010): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2009796.
Анотація:
BackgroundNurses are present at the bedside of patients undergoing withdrawal of life support more often than any other member of the health care team, yet most publications on this topic are directed at physicians.ObjectivesTo describe the training, guidance, and support related to withdrawal of life support received by nurses in intensive care units in the United States, how the nurses participated, and how the withdrawal of life support occurred.MethodsA questionnaire about withdrawal of life support was sent to 1000 randomly selected members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, with 2 follow-up mailings.ResultsResponses were received from 48.4% of the nurses surveyed. Content on withdrawal of life support was required in only 15.5% of respondents’ basic nursing education and was absent from work site orientations for 63.1% of respondents. Nurses’ actions during withdrawal were most often guided by individual physician’s orders (63.8%), followed by standardized care plans (20%) and standing orders (11.8%). Nurses rated the importance of emotional support during and after the withdrawal of life support very highly, but they did not believe they were receiving that level of support. Most respondents (87.5%) participated in family conferences where withdrawal of life support was discussed. After physicians, nurses were most influential concerning administration of palliative medications. Patients’ families were present during withdrawal procedures between 32.3% and 58.4% of the time.ConclusionsTo improve their practice, intensive care nurses should receive formal training on withdrawal of life support, and institutions should develop best practices that support nurses in providing the highest quality care for patients undergoing this procedure.
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Henson, V. Reilly, Kelly M. Cobourn, Kathleen C. Weathers, Cayelan C. Carey, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Jennifer L. Klug, Michael G. Sorice, Nicole K. Ward, and Weizhe Weng. "A Practical Guide for Managing Interdisciplinary Teams: Lessons Learned from Coupled Natural and Human Systems Research." Social Sciences 9, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9070119.
Анотація:
Interdisciplinary team science is essential to address complex socio-environmental questions, but it also presents unique challenges. The scientific literature identifies best practices for high-level processes in team science, e.g., leadership and team building, but provides less guidance about practical, day-to-day strategies to support teamwork, e.g., translating jargon across disciplines, sharing and transforming data, and coordinating diverse and geographically distributed researchers. This article offers a case study of an interdisciplinary socio-environmental research project to derive insight to support team science implementation. We evaluate the project’s inner workings using a framework derived from the growing body of literature for team science best practices, and derive insights into how best to apply team science principles to interdisciplinary research. We find that two of the most useful areas for proactive planning and coordinated leadership are data management and co-authorship. By providing guidance for project implementation focused on these areas, we contribute a pragmatic, detail-oriented perspective on team science in an effort to support similar projects.
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White, Allison E., Brenna Lincoln, Belle Liang, Jonathan Sepulveda, Veronica Matyjaszczyk, Caroline Kupersmith, Nancy E. Hill, and John Perella. "“My Mentor Thinks That I can Be Someone Amazing”: Drawing Out Youths’ Passions and Purpose." Journal of Adolescent Research 36, no. 1 (July 21, 2020): 98–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558420942481.
Анотація:
This qualitative descriptive study analyzed the role that natural mentors had in cultivating a sense of purpose and meaning among 38 diverse male and female high school students. The types of mentoring support provided and the students’ perceived experiences of receiving the support were considered in the analysis. Directed content analysis revealed four initial overarching types of supportive actions that were provided by mentors: emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal support. The types of support offered were further categorized across three dimensions of perceived support by the mentees: (a) affirmation (e.g., the experience of emotional and appraisal support), (b) cultivation (e.g., the experience of being challenged and obtaining skills), and (c) guidance (e.g., the experience of receiving information and advice). In order for mentees to perceive and accept cultivation and guidance support, they first needed to experience an affirming relationship with their mentors. Findings may inform best practices for mentoring youth toward lives of meaning and purpose.
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Lestanti, Sri. "GUIDANCE EVALUATION ANALYSIS STUDY PROGRAM FIELD WORK PRACTICES INFORMATION ENGINEERING DURING PANDEMIC." JOSAR (Journal of Students Academic Research) 6, no. 2 (December 6, 2021): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/josar.v6i2.1874.
Анотація:
PKL or Field Work Practice is a final semester student activity carried out with the aim of channeling and improving skills and abilities in the field of study being taken. In carrying out PKL activities, students must have a supervisor during carrying out PKL activities. PKL guidance is an activity that is very much needed for a student to support the smooth running of street vendors and at the time of preparing street vendors reports. According to the results of Ethics research (2016), there are several things that make it difficult for students in conducting PKL guidance in compiling PKL reports including determining the title of the report, lack of references, lack of working time, feeling lazy to work and lack of motivation, lecturers who are difficult to find, difficult to divide time. , work fatigue, insufficient rest time. Therefore, there is a need for research using descriptive quantitative methods. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the process of mentoring street vendors during the pandemic is still running smoothly and does not really affect the decrease in satisfaction for students. From the results of the research, students gave a good response of 37%, very good 40%, quite 12%, less 7% and very less 4%. So that the overall aspects of PKL guidance given by lecturers to students can be concluded that students are satisfied with a very good level of 40%.
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Zhang, Xueyuan, Yuhuan Ji, Jinzhi Liu, Ji Liu, Chunlei Li, Laixin Wang, Min Meng, and Limei Zhao. "Regulated bioanalysis of liposomal amphotericin B to support pharmacokinetic studies of liposomal drugs." Bioanalysis 14, no. 7 (April 2022): 421–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2021-0281.
Анотація:
Background: Because of the delicate nature of liposomes, bioanalysis of free and liposomal-encapsulated drugs is among the most challenging assays to perform. Current regulatory guidance for bioanalysis is not sufficient to address the complexity of this particular formulation. Method & results: Three individual LC–MS/MS methods to quantify free amphotericin B (10–3000 ng/ml) and encapsulated amphotericin B (100–50,000 ng/ml) in pretreated human plasma and total amphotericin B (100–50,000 ng/ml) in human plasma were fully validated and applied to a bioequivalence study. The acceptance criteria and experimental design of additional validation tests using cross quality control were carefully deliberated a priori and included in the sample analysis as well. Discussion: Additional validation tests are necessary to demonstrate that the measured concentration of the intended component is accurate and free of interference from other coexisting components in the sample. These practices can be used as guidance for future liposomal drug method validation.
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Garg, Kapil, Darren Gergle, and Haoqi Zhang. "Understanding the Practices and Challenges of Networked Orchestration in Research Communities of Practice." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555764.
Анотація:
Work and learning communities have become increasingly networked to support their members in developing the skills to solve complex, real-world problems. Though disciplinary knowledge remains important to tackle these problems, working effectively in these modern-day communities of practice demands the ability for one to learn how to access networked support (e.g., venues, tools, resource guides, or peers) throughout the community for one's needs. Against this backdrop, we study networked orchestration--how community members access and learn to access networked supports--in a community of practice for undergraduate research training. Through field observations and in-depth interviews, we find that students in the networked research community dynamically engage with their mentors and peers across multiple venues throughout the week in order to identify, clarify, and resolve their needs. Mentors in the community monitor how students are engaging with the supports available in the network, and provide coaching on effective strategies when students are ineffective on their own. Finally, we surface the challenges involved in each of these processes and offer practical insights for future ecosystem-level networked orchestration technologies that have an understanding of the interactions occurring across the venues and tools in a community, and can support the learning and practice of effective access strategies. Our paper presents important insights for supporting people's work and learning needs in networked future workplaces and learning communities, and provides guidance on designing new technologies for supporting networked ways of working and learning.
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Knight, Carrie, Kyomi Gregory, and Kristin Nellenbach. "Creating Culturally Supportive Settings That Foster Literacy Development: Guidance for SLPs." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 6, no. 4 (August 20, 2021): 912–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_persp-20-00290.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of our tutorial is to provide a set of fundamental, research-based guidelines for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who want to begin the process of creating culturally supportive settings that foster adolescent literacy development. Method Pertinent literature related to culturally relevant literacy practices for SLPs is reviewed. SLPs perceived barriers to providing general literacy services in schools and levels of cultural competence are identified, along with articles that support service ideas to meet the literacy-based needs of culturally diverse students on our caseloads. Results Drawing on the literature base and our collective research and clinical experiences, we propose four key guidelines SLPs can adopt to support their initial efforts in building culturally supportive settings: develop a shared vocabulary and accompanying concepts, curate and use culturally relevant texts, establish ongoing dialogue with key groups, and set high expectations. Conclusions SLPs are in a unique position to provide services that enable students from all cultural backgrounds to successfully support literacy development. Clinical applications of the guiding principles are provided.
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Canady, Valerie A. "JED report: Decreased suicidal ideation among college students." Mental Health Weekly 34, no. 17 (April 27, 2024): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34025.
Анотація:
A 10‐year analysis of data from the JED Campus school program that provide colleges and universities with expert support, evidence‐based recommended practices and data‐driven guidance has found a significant decline in suicidal ideation and suicidal planning and attempts among student participants in the JED program.
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McCabe, Ellen M. "School Nurses’ Role in Self-Management, Anticipatory Guidance, and Advocacy for Students With Chronic Illness." NASN School Nurse 35, no. 6 (February 18, 2020): 338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602x20906534.
Анотація:
This article offers tangible support for school nurses to understand, recognize, and integrate self-management promotion, anticipatory guidance, and advocacy into practice. The article utilizes the chronic condition of asthma as a case exemplar, but many of the recommendations apply to other aspects of chronic illness self-management promotion. School nurses are in an ideal position to advocate for students and families and to support evidence-based self-management promotion. In the school setting, gaps currently exist regarding best practices for the promotion of self-management and anticipatory guidance for children with chronic illnesses. Future interventions within school settings should focus on multisystem level collaboration with care coordination efforts between providers and social support systems, internal and external, to the school system. These policies and this resource development will ultimately support the promotion of self-management for children with chronic illness in the school environment and maximize health outcomes.
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Steffen, Büchner, Gibas Christian, Brück Rainer, Nemcová Nina, Müller Wolfram, and Schürholz Katrin. "Wearable Pressure Sensing for Vojta Therapy Guidance." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2020-3023.
Анотація:
AbstractThe authors propose a glove with pressure sensitive fingertips and muscle tension detection of the thumb to aid in the physiotherapy of infants, children and adults according to Vojta. The therapy has to be carried out at home by the parents of children with cerebral palsy, or other movement disturbances up to 4 times per day. Often, parents struggle to carry out the practices because of insecurities regarding the therapy’s proper application. The presented glove is tailored towards the specific needs of Vojta therapy, e.g. flexibility and small sensor size, and can help parents gather objective data on their therapy application at home. It has been tested in multiple therapy sessions on adult probands and seems to be a suitable tool to support parents and therapists in training alike. Additionally, the results of the accompanied therapy sessions provide arguments against what the critics have often cited about the painfulness of the therapy.
34
Singh, Harmandeep, and Nitika Sharma. "DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR PRECISION FARMING." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v4i1b.3065.
Анотація:
A decision support system for precision farming is designed to assist farmers, agricultural experts, research workers or any intellectuals with guidance in making various farming related decisions and help them to access, display and analyze data that have geographic content and meaning. The concept of precision farming is not only related with the use of technologies but it is also about the five R’s that is use of right input (nutrients, water, fertilizer, money, machinery etc.), at the right time, at the right place, in the right amount and in the right manner. There is need to have accurate information and suitable decisions regarding the right inputs required for the farming practices and to initiate the step towards the precision farming. DSS calculates irrigation requirement of crops. In this paper, Maps that are shown generated with the help of ArcGIS software (ArcMap tool). The system has been developed using Hypertext Pre Processor (PHP) at front end and MySQL at back end.
35
Huang, Qianwen. "Instructional Leadership and its Relation to Art Teachers’ Pedagogical Practices and Content Knowledge of Art Education." International Journal of Education and Humanities 11, no. 3 (November 30, 2023): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/2dtrrp78.
Анотація:
This paper studies the relationship between teaching leaders, art teachers' teaching practice and art education content knowledge. Teaching leaders play an important role in school education, which has an important influence on teachers' teaching practice and the development of educational content knowledge. First of all, this paper analyzes the relationship between teaching leaders and art teachers' teaching practice and art education content knowledge from the theoretical level. Teaching leaders can provide good teaching environment and resource support, stimulate teachers' teaching enthusiasm and innovative ability, and promote the development of teachers' teaching practice and educational content knowledge. Secondly, the practical relationship between teaching leaders and art teachers' teaching practice and art education content knowledge is discussed. The support and guidance of teaching leaders has a significant positive impact on the teaching practice of art teachers and the development of educational content knowledge. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions for improving the teaching leaders' knowledge of art teachers' teaching practice and art education content. Including strengthening the training and professional development of teaching leaders, providing more teaching resources and support, and establishing a good teaching evaluation mechanism. Through the research of this paper, we can better understand the relationship between teaching leaders and art teachers' teaching practice and art education content knowledge, and provide theoretical and practical guidance for improving teaching quality and education level.
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Eija Kärnä and Kaisa Pihlainen. "How learning theories can be applied to support older adults’ acquisition of digital skills?" Magyar Gerontológia 12 (November 26, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47225/mg/12/kulonszam/8447.
Анотація:
Digitalization of public services affects daily life of older adults since adequate digital skills are required in using the digital devices and services. Many organizations have reacted to the growing need of older adults to receive support in using digital services by offering guidance in digital skills. The knowledge of how older adults learn help in successfully organizing digital skills guidance.
In this presentation we will introduce the variety of concepts and theories concerning digital skills learning of older adults. We will also share results of peer guidance sessions of older adults from the viewpoints of three different learning theories.
Data is collected from eight focus group interviews (N = 42, 62-79 years old). Data was analyzed using theory-driven content analysis.
According to the results, peer tutors applied all three learning theoretical approaches in digital skills guidance. Furthermore, peer tutors paid attention to characteristics of ageing that affect learning. At best, peer tutoring sessions were constructed as shared learning practices of both tutors and tutees. Results provide new information about how to support older adults in peer tutoring sessions. Research results can be used in educating peer tutors and teachers of older adults as well as in developing support systems in implementation of digital public services. This research is a part of ACCESS project in which digital skills learning of older adults is investigated in four European countries.
The ACCESS project is funded by EU Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) “More Years, Better Lives” The Potential and Challenges of Demographic Change.
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Qualls, Logan W., Lindsay M. Carlisle, Jamie Day, and Shanna Hirsch. "Selecting and Integrating High-Quality Videos into Teacher Education." Journal of Special Education Preparation 2, no. 1 (May 11, 2022): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/josep.2.1.38-47.
Анотація:
High leverage practices (HLPs) in special education are 22 critical skills related to collaboration, assessment, social/emotional/behavioral, and instructional domains. These practices are supported by research and recommended for use in PK-12 classrooms serving students with and without disabilities. Given the vast instructional modalities used within teacher education (i.e., face-to-face, online synchronous, online asynchronous, or hybrid flexible), it is important to have an array of resources that support teacher candidates’ knowledge of HLPs, in addition to providing a glimpse at HLP implementation in authentic contexts. Videosare an advantageous option for achieving both goals; however, there are important considerations for maximizing the effectiveness of this learning support. Therefore, the aim of this article is to provide teacher educators with guidance on selecting and integrating videos to address critical HLP content. With a focus on leveraging effective design elements, this article describes the benefits of using video to address HLP content in special education teacher preparation programs, and offers guidance on integrating video within coursework through the use of a multimedia instructional tool called Content Acquisition Podcasts (CAPs).
38
Rosace, M. C., N. Björklund, J. Boberg, C. D. Bradshaw, J. Camac, M. Damus, T. Kompas, et al. "Including climate change in pest risk assessment: Current practices and perspectives for future implementation." EPPO Bulletin 54, S1 (March 2024): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/epp.12989.
Анотація:
AbstractThe evaluation of the potential for newly arrived species to survive and the determination whether a founder population can become established and subsequently spread and cause negative impacts are crucial considerations when performing a pest risk assessment in plant health. Climate change has clear consequences concerning the potential range of pests, and their potential for spread and impacts. Despite its importance, no guidance exists to support the evaluation of whether and how climate change should be incorporated into pest risk assessment. This paper reviews how climate change has been considered so far, not only in the area of pest risk assessment but also in other domains and provides guidance on how its incorporation could affect the overall assessment. Furthermore, from this analysis, some possible solutions for incorporating climate change into pest risk assessment are provided, taking into account that its outcomes have profound political, economic, social and environmental implications.
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Gordon, Rachel A., Amelia R. Branigan, Mariya Adnan Khan, and Johanna G. Nunez. "Best Practices for Measuring Skin Color in Surveys." Survey Practice 17, no. 1 (May 23, 2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29115/sp-2024-0005.
Анотація:
Surveys that assess skin color support evidence building about colorism and related systemic inequalities that affect health and wellbeing. Methodologists have increasing choices for such assessments, including a growing array of digital images for rating scales and increasingly cost-effective handheld mechanical devices based on color science. Guidance is needed for choosing among these growing options. We used data from a diverse sample of 102 college students to produce new empirical evidence and practical guidance about various options. We compared three handheld devices that ranged in price, considering variations in their reliabilities and how their results differed by where on the body and with what device settings readings were taken. We also offered evidence regarding how reliably interviewers and participants could choose from a large array of color swatches offering variation in skin undertone (redness, yellowness) in addition to skin shade (lightness-to-darkness). Overall, the results were promising, demonstrating that modern handheld devices and rating scales could be feasibly and reliably used. For instance, results demonstrated that just one or two device readings were needed at any given location, and, the device readings and rating scale scores similarly captured the relative darkness of skin. In other cases, recommendations were less certain. For instance, skin undertones of redness and yellowness were more sensitive to device choices and body locations. We encourage future studies that pursue why such variability exists and for which substantive questions it matters most.
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Lóser, Meghan K., Jennifer K. Horowitz, Peter England, Rania Esteitie, Scott Kaatz, Elizabeth McLaughlin, Elizabeth Munroe, et al. "Institutional Structures and Processes to Support Sepsis Care: A Multihospital Study." Critical Care Explorations 5, no. 11 (November 2023): e1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cce.0000000000001004.
Анотація:
OBJECTIVES: To identify opportunities for improving hospital-based sepsis care and to inform an ongoing statewide quality improvement initiative in Michigan. DESIGN: Surveys on hospital sepsis processes, including a self-assessment of practices using a 3-point Likert scale, were administered to 51 hospitals participating in the Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, a Collaborative Quality Initiative sponsored by Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan, at two time points (2020, 2022). Forty-eight hospitals also submitted sepsis protocols for structured review. SETTING: Multicenter quality improvement consortium. SUBJECTS: Fifty-one hospitals in Michigan. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of the included hospitals, 92.2% (n = 47/51) were nonprofit, 88.2% (n = 45/51) urban, 11.8% (n = 6/51) rural, and 80.4% (n = 41/51) teaching hospitals. One hundred percent (n = 51/51) responded to the survey, and 94.1% (n = 48/51) provided a sepsis policy/protocol. All surveyed hospitals used at least one quality improvement approach, including audit/feedback (98.0%, n = 50/51) and/or clinician education (68.6%, n = 35/51). Protocols included the Sepsis-1 (18.8%, n = 9/48) or Sepsis-2 (31.3%, n = 15/48) definitions; none (n = 0/48) used Sepsis-3. All hospitals (n = 51/51) used at least one process to facilitate rapid sepsis treatment, including order sets (96.1%, n = 49/51) and/or stocking of commonly used antibiotics in at least one clinical setting (92.2%, n = 47/51). Treatment protocols included guidance on antimicrobial therapy (68.8%, n = 33/48), fluid resuscitation (70.8%, n = 34/48), and vasopressor administration (62.5%, n = 30/48). On self-assessment, hospitals reported the lowest scores for peridischarge practices, including screening for cognitive impairment (2.0%, n = 1/51 responded “we are good at this”) and providing anticipatory guidance (3.9%, n = 2/51). There were no meaningful associations of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: Management Bundle performance with differences in hospital characteristics or sepsis policy document characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Most hospitals used audit/feedback, order sets, and clinician education to facilitate sepsis care. Hospitals did not consistently incorporate organ dysfunction criteria into sepsis definitions. Existing processes focused on early recognition and treatment rather than recovery-based practices.
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Ma, Junqian. "Supporting Practices to Break Chinese International Students’ Language Barriers." Journal of International Students 10, no. 1 (February 15, 2020): 84–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v10i1.773.
Анотація:
Due to the significant growth in Chinese students pursuing education abroad, there is an increasing trend for researchers to study Chinese international students’ challenges, especially the challenges in social adjustment. However, only a few studies intend to design activities or supporting practices to solve these challenges. This study, drawing upon cultural-historical theory and community psychology, provided four activities to break Chinese international students’ language barriers and facilitate their social adjustment. By conducting four trials, this study found that Chinese international students realize their English capabilities, become actively engaged in interactions, and experience positive emotions when positioned in practices that (a) provide structural guidance and active mobilization, (b) involve shared intersubjectivity and contradictions, and (c) offer support within their zone of proximal development.
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Park, Sun Hyun, and Kelly Patterson. "Being Counted and Remaining Accountable: Maintenance of Quarterly Earnings Guidance by U.S. Public Companies." Organization Science 32, no. 3 (May 2021): 544–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.1401.
Анотація:
Organizations are often pressured to adopt and maintain institutionally supported practices. Why do some companies remain committed to these practices, despite high operational cost and widespread frustration with them? Although prior theorists have emphasized the importance of institutional pressure at the broader population level, less research attention has been paid to the abandonment of a practice as a result of resource dependence between a firm and market intermediaries. In this paper, we theorize intermediary coverage breadth and depth as two important structural indicators of resource dependence. Firms lacking in coverage breadth (as indicated by the degree of reporting by market intermediaries) and firms with deeper coverage (as evidenced by a prolonged relationship with market intermediaries) are less likely to abandon a practice due to an increase in power imbalance and mutual dependence within the firm-intermediary relationships. We also theorize how a firm’s resource dependence, as determined by coverage structure, moderates the firm’s sensitivity to (1) observed peer support for the practice, (2) the intermediary’s expectation regarding the continued use of the practice, and (3) performance deviations that fail to meet intermediary expectations. Our empirical study of the abandonment of quarterly earnings guidance by U.S. public companies during 2001–2010 provides overall support for our theoretical arguments.
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Simonovic, Slobodan. "Transboundary Hydro-Governance: From Conflict to Shared Management: Book Review. Written by Jacques Ganoulis and Jean Fried. Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2018, 222 pages. ISBN 978-3-319-78624-7; eBook ISBN 978-3-319-78625-4." Water 11, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102011.
Анотація:
This book came as a support of the UNESCO International Hydrological Programme (IHP) activities on the International Shared Aquifer Resources Management (ISARM) project launched in the year 2000, with the goal of developing wise practices and guidance tools for the shared management of groundwater resources and to contribute to the multifaceted efforts required for global water cooperation [...]
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Canady, Valerie A. "Measurement approach to improve BH treatment decisions, clinical outcomes." Mental Health Weekly 34, no. 10 (March 2024): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.33967.
Анотація:
Supporting advances in behavioral health measurement and recognizing that measures and practices must reflect the whole‐person (integrated) contextual, biopsychosocial and cultural approaches, the National Council for Mental Wellbeing (National Council) last week released new guidance to help mental health and substance use organizations improve treatment decisions, support clinical progress and enhance accountability and efficiency of care.
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Swager, Robert, Ruud Klarus, Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer, and Loek F. M. Nieuwenhuis. "Constituent aspects of workplace guidance in secondary VET." European Journal of Training and Development 39, no. 5 (June 1, 2015): 358–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-01-2015-0002.
Анотація:
Purpose – This paper aims to present an integrated model of workplace guidance to enhance awareness of what constitutes good guidance, to improve workplace guidance practices in vocational education and training. Design/methodology/approach – To identify constituent aspects of workplace guidance, a systematic search of Web of Science was conducted, focussing on mentoring literature, research on institutional socialization tactics and research on didactical interventions and their effects. Findings – The model interprets workplace learning as a relational and integrated process of participation, acquisition, guidance and social interaction. Psychosocial support, structure-providing interventions and didactical interventions are discussed as essential components of guidance. How these components are enacted is influenced by the characteristics of training firms and their employees’ readiness to provide guidance. This makes guidance an intrapersonal process. Workplace guidance is also an interpersonal process in which the agencies of employees mediate the relationship between guidance and interaction, and the agencies of trainees mediate the relationship between, on the one hand, participation and acquisition and, on the other hand, social interaction. Originality/value – Integrated models of what constitutes good workplace guidance are rare. To fill this gap, this paper highlights constituent aspects of workplace guidance and brings them together in an integrated model. The model can help mentors/employees choose effective interventions to improve workplace learning.
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Schulze, Salome. "Support Practices to Provide Social Capital in Open Distance Learning: Master’s and Doctoral Students’ Views." Progressio: South African Journal for Open and Distance Learning Practice 39, no. 1 (February 21, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0256-8853/608.
Анотація:
The University of South Africa is challenged by the slow throughput and high dropout rates of its master’s and doctoral students. Thus, the aim of the investigation was to determine these students’ views of the support they received in all aspects of their studies within one particular college of the university. The researcher also investigated if different student groups had different views in this regard. Using a survey design, 77 master’s and doctoral students completed a questionnaire (constructed by the researcher), by means of a five-point Likert scale. There was also an open-ended question, which made provision for students to provide recommendations for how institutional support could be improved. The findings revealed problems with the appointment process of supervisors, the guidance given by some supervisors, as well as the timing of and support provided at seminars with regard to some facets of research. Statistically significant differences were determined between males and females and between master’s and doctoral students respectively in some aspects. Recommendations for improvement of student support were made.
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Keating, Gay, and Richard Jaine. "What supports are needed by New Zealand primary care to improve equity and quality?" Journal of Primary Health Care 8, no. 4 (2016): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc16020.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT While some primary care practices have found ways to deliver quality care more equitably to their Māori and Pacific patients, others have struggled to get started or be successful. Quality Symposium attendees shared their views on barriers and success factors, both within the practice and beyond. When practices have collaborated and used their own ethnic-specific data in quality improvement techniques, they have improved Māori and Pacific health and equity. Attendees asked for greater practical support and guidance from the profession and sector. They report a funding gap for services needed by their patients to enable primary care to deliver equitable services for Māori and Pacific people.
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Schafer, Adam G. L., and Ellen J. Yezierski. "Chemistry critical friendships: investigating chemistry-specific discourse within a domain-general discussion of best practices for inquiry assessments." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 21, no. 1 (2020): 452–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9rp00245f.
Анотація:
High school chemistry teachers struggle to use assessment results to inform instruction. In the absence of expert assistance, teachers often look to their peers for guidance and support; however, little is known about the assessment beliefs and practices of high school chemistry teachers or the discourse mechanisms used as teachers support one another. Presented in this paper are the results from analyzing a discussion between five high school chemistry teachers as they generated a set of best practices for inquiry assessments. To analyze the discussion, a novel representation called a discourse map was generated to align the analyses conducted on chemistry teacher discourse as they temporally occurred. Results show the utility of the discourse map for evidencing critical friendship and assessment practices evoked by the teachers during the discussion of best practices. Implications for the structural considerations of materials and chemistry teacher professional development are presented as well as potential future investigations of teacher discourse regarding the use of data to inform instruction.
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Burmeister, Anne, and Jürgen Deller. "A practical perspective on repatriate knowledge transfer." Journal of Global Mobility 4, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-09-2015-0041.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify organizational support practices that facilitate repatriate knowledge transfer (RKT) in order to overcome the lack of strategic utilization of repatriate knowledge. Design/methodology/approach – In Study 1, 134 repatriates responded to an online questionnaire and evaluated the organizational support that their organizations provided to facilitate RKT. In Study 2, 22 repatriates and human resource managers were interviewed. Interviewees were asked to assess to which extent the use of seven high-performance work practices – selection and staffing, training, career development, job design, performance appraisal, compensation and rewards, and internal communication – before, during, and after international assignments facilitated RKT. They also explained how these practices were implemented in their organizations. Findings – The results of Study 1 showed that organizations primarily provide administrative repatriation support, while more strategic and knowledge transfer-related support is missing. Study 2 indicated that certain support practices are more important for the utilization of repatriate knowledge than others. Knowledge-related debriefing sessions after repatriation and targeted internal communication mechanisms were seen as important enablers of RKT. In contrast, selection and financial rewards were not seen as relevant facilitators of RKT. Originality/value – Research on RKT reports that organizations still lack the right tools to harvest repatriate knowledge. This study indicates which organizational support practices appear to be most important for the facilitation of RKT, and provides some guidance regarding their implementation.
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Szentgáli, Gergely. "Seven Pieces of Advice to Improve Your Information Security." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 17, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2018.3.12.
Анотація:
Establishing and operating an effective information security management system within an organization is never an easy job. Organizational culture, management support, budget restrictions and many other factors affect the security efforts of a company. Although the information security academic literature is growing, there is no clear guidance in several fields of the topic, therefore the life-tested best practices can be a useful aid in operating such systems. The aim of this paper is to provide a short guidance regarding the basic steps of a beginner information security manager, and maybe to give some useful thoughts to the experienced officers, as well.