Статті в журналах: "GSM- channel"

1

Rahnema, Moe. "Channel equalization for the GSM system." International Journal of Wireless Information Networks 3, no. 3 (July 1996): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02365828.

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2

El Barrak, Soumaya, Amina El Gonnouni, Salvatore Serrano, Antonio Puliafito, and Abdelouahid Lyhyaoui. "GSM-RF Channel Characterization Using a Wideband Subspace Sensing Mechanism for Cognitive Radio Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (November 14, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7095763.

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In this paper, we examine a spectrum sharing opportunities over the existing Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) networks, by identifying the unused channels at a specific time and location. For this purpose, we propose a wideband spectrum sensing mechanism to analyze the status of 51 channels at once, belonging to the 10 MHz bandwidth centered at the frequency 945 MHz, in four different areas. We propose a subspace based spectral estimation mechanism, adapted to deal with real measurements. The process begins with data collection using Secondary User (SU) device enabled with Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology, configured to operate in the GSM band. Obtained samples are used then to feed the sensing mechanism. Spectral analysis is delivered to estimate power density peaks and corresponding frequencies. Decision making phase brings together power thresholding technique and GSM control channel decoding to identify idle and busy channels. Experiments are evaluated using detection and false alarm probabilities emulated via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Obtained performances show better detection accuracy and robustness against variant noise/fading effects, when using our mechanism compared to Energy Detection (ED) based ones as Welch method, and Beamforming based ones as Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) method. Occupancy results exhibit considerable potential of secondary use in GSM based primary network.

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3

Lan, Lina, Xuerong Gou, Jingli Mao, and Wenyuan Ke. "GSM co-channel and adjacent channel interference analysis and optimization." Tsinghua Science and Technology 16, no. 6 (December 2011): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1007-0214(11)70078-5.

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4

LaDue, C. K., V. V. Sapozhnykov, and K. S. Fienberg. "A Data Modem for GSM Voice Channel." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 57, no. 4 (July 2008): 2205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2007.912322.

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5

Hikmaturokhman, Alfin, Hesti Susilawati, and Shinta Yunita Sari. "Peningkatan Kapasitas Sel Pada Sistem Seluler GSM." JURNAL INFOTEL - Informatika Telekomunikasi Elektronika 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2009): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v1i2.67.

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Increasing cell capacity in GSM applied by several methods such as Fixed Channel Allocation (FCA), Channel Sharing, Channel Borrowing and Cell Splitting to solve the massive increasing of cellular users amount in the whole world. It necessary to calculate the number of the subscriber within each cell in a certain busy hour based on available channel capacity in order to serve the traffic capacity in a cell. In this work, we present calculations to compare cell capacity without increasing cell capacity method and cell capacity using increasing capacity methods. As a programming tool, we used Borland Delphi 7. In addition, this simulation software added with comprehensive explanations, Erlang B Table, and graphics to make it easier and more efficient in analyzing.

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6

Istepanian, Robert H., B. Woodward, E. Gorilas, and P. A. Balos. "Design of mobile telemedicine systems using GSM and IS-54 cellular telephone standards." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 4, no. 1_suppl (March 1998): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633981931579.

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This paper presents an overview of the design of mobile telemedical systems using cellular telephone channels. A mobile telemedicine communication system was studied using both the GSM and the IS-54 standards, which are the most widely used commercial cellular telephone systems in Europe and North America, respectively. A simulation using a photoplethesmography signal showed successful transmssion of data with bit error rates of less than 10-7 at the receiver for the IS-54 standard and less than 10-5 for the GSM standard, depending on the mobile channel conditions used.

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7

Sarker, Jahangir H., and Seppo J. Halme. "Single channel occupied voice and multi-channel occupied HSCSD over GSM." Computer Communications 25, no. 5 (March 2002): 522–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-3664(01)00374-7.

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8

Musabekov, S. B., P. K. Srinivasan, A. S. Durai, and R. R. Ibraimov. "Network Performance Evaluation of Abis Interface over DVB-S2 in the GSM over Satellite Network." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/381526.

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This paper deals with establishing a GSM link over Satellite. Abis interface, which is defined between Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and Base Station Controller (BSC), in a GSM network is considered here to be routed over the Satellite. The satellite link enables a quick and cost-effective GSM link in meagerly populated areas. A different scenario comparison was done to understand the impact of Satellite environment on network availability comparing to terrestrial scenario. We have implemented an Abis interface over DVB S2 in NS2 and evaluated the performance over the high delay and loss satellite channel. Network performance was evaluated with respect to Satellite channel delay and DVB S2 encapsulation efficiency under different amount of user traffic and compared with the terrestrial scenario. The results clearly showed an increased amount of SDCCH and TCH channels required in the case of satellite scenario for the same amount of traffic in comparison to conventional terrestrial scenario. We have optimized the parameters based on the simulation results. Link budget estimation considering DVB-S2 platform was done to find satellite bandwidth and cost requirements for different network setups.

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9

Lebl, Aleksandar, Dragan Mitic, Zarko Markov, and Verica Vasiljevic. "About estimation of base station output power in GSM like systems under real conditions." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 30, no. 1 (2020): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor190415017l.

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The output power of traffic channels in one cell of GSM like systems is estimated in this paper. We consider the real case: the number of users is much higher than the number of channels, the output power of one channel depends on the cube of the distance between a mobile user and the base station, and the distribution of users in the cell is uniform. We derive the expressions for cumulative distribution of output power of one channel and for the mean output power of the whole base station. Results of the calculation are confirmed by computer simulation.

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10

Syarif, Abdusy, and Ahmad Fachril. "PENERAPAN FITUR ADAPTIVE MULTI RATE (AMR) PADA JARINGAN GSM." CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2010): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v4i1.531.

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Adaptive Mutlirate (AMR) is a feature that plays an important role in the efficiency of use of cell/voice channels and GSM networks in overall and it can improve sound quality dynamically based on actual measurements (real time) between Mobile Station (MS) and Base Transmitter Station (BTS). Resources used as analytical parameters are SQI (Speech Quality Index), MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and the sound quality on the network without and with AMR. Measurements using Test Equipment Mobile System (TEMS) while locking devices to the single channel and comparing them between the two types of network. Based on test results it is obtained that with voice channels with AMR can increase the value of SQI approximately 40% for fullrate channels and about 60% for half-rate channels producing a remarkable (excellent) level, with research and further measuring it is expected to produce better and more perfect sound quality.Kata kunci: AMR, SQI, GSM networkABSTRAK

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11

Atungsiri, S. A., P. Sweeney, R. Soheili, A. M. Kondoz, and B. G. Evans. "Soft RS codes for half rate GSM channel." Electronics Letters 27, no. 2 (1991): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19910113.

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12

Zhi Ding and Ge Li. "Single-channel blind equalization for GSM cellular systems." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 16, no. 8 (1998): 1493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.730456.

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13

Jiang, Tigang, Pingzhi Fan, and Kam Yiu Lam. "Channel de-allocation schemes for GSM/GPRS networks." Journal of Electronics (China) 22, no. 6 (November 2005): 581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02687837.

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14

Ariska Cahya, Wisnu Djatmiko, and Aodah Diamah. "ANALISIS JARINGAN GSM 1800 MHZ PADA SEKTOR YANG MENGGUNAKAN FREQUENCY REUSE TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN BTS DKI JAKARTA DI PT. TELKOMSEL INDONESIA, TBK." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN VOKASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA (JVoTE) 1, no. 2 (October 8, 2018): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jvote.v1i2.17338.

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Abstrak- Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari hubungan antara Co – Channel Interference pada konsep Frequency Reuse terhadap kualitas pelayanan BTS DKI Jakarta.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dimana data diolah dengan menggunakan korelasi product momment dengan bantuan microsoft excell. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang bersumber dari PT, Telkomsel, tbk. yang diambil dengan metode drive test. Sampel yang diambil berjumlah 7 tempat di DKI Jakarta. Data yang diambil merupakan data dari nilai Carrier to Interference (C/I), juga nilai Rx Level dan jarak antara sel asli dan sel co – channel.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rx Level berpengaruh terhadap nilai Carrier To Interference. Dimana Peneliti menggunakan Carrier To Interference. Dimana peneliti menggunakan Carrier To Interference untuk melihat kualitas dari pelayanan jaringan GSM 1800 MHz dan menggunakan Rx Level sebagai parameternya. Kata kunci : Co – Channel Interference, Frequency Reuse, GSM 1800 MHz, Carrier To Interference, Rx Level. Abstract - The purpose of this research is to find a relationship between the Co - Channel Interference in Frequency Reuse concept of service quality BTS Jakarta.This research uses quantitative method where data is processed by using product moment correlation with the help of microsoft excell. This study uses secondary data sourced from PT, Telkomsel, tbk. captured with drive test method. The sample is 7 places in DKI Jakarta. The data taken is data from Carrier to Interference (C / I) value, also Rx Level and distance between original cell and co-channel cell.The results of this study indicate that the value of Rx Level effect on the value of Carrier To Interference. Where Researchers use Carrier To Interference. Where the researcher uses Carrier To Interference to see the quality of GSM 1800 MHz network service and use Rx Level as its parameter. Keywords: Co - Channel Interference, Frequency Reuse, GSM 1800 MHz, Carrier To Interference, Rx Level

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15

Lee, Hoon-Jae, Won-Tae Jang, and Tae-Yong Kim. "Reliable and Secure Voice Encryption over GSM Voice Channel." Journal of information and communication convergence engineering 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2010): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jicce.2010.8.1.064.

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16

Komilov, Abdullajon Odiljon ogli, Sherali Muhamadaliyevich Toshpulatov, Murod Makhamadalimovich Dadabaev, and Dilyorjon Baxtiyorovich Alimdjanov. "Analysis of the gsm communication channel in security systems." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 11, no. 3 (2021): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2021.00709.6.

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17

Mitic, Dragan, Aleksandar Lebl, and Zarko Markov. "Calculation of Call Unpairing Probability in GSM Cell Using VAMOS Technics." Ingeniería e Investigación 38, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v38n3.67523.

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This paper considers GSM cell system in which pure VAMOS technics is implemented. Traffic properties of the system with VAMOS possibility (probability of unsuccessful pairing of connections in one timeslot and loss probability due to lack of idle channels) are determined. It is found dependence of these properties on the allowable power difference for successful pairing, on offered traffic and on environmental attenuation coefficient. The serving quality of this channel group is compared to an Erlang group with the same parameters. It is proved that probability of bad serving in the group of VAMOS channels is higher than in Erlang group with the same parameters, but not more than two times. The results obtained by calculation are proved comparing them to the results of simulation.

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18

Enache, Bianca. "Transmission Techniques For Vamos GSM In Downlink." ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 66, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aucts-2015-0025.

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Abstract In this paper is presented a study of the transmission techniques for Vamos GSM. Are presented the advantages and disadvantages. The study was performed for the second generation:GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications). In order to observe the performance of the BTS equipment was performed a study of the DARP (Downlink Advanced Receiver Performance) techniques and OSC(Orthogonal Sub Channel) influence.

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19

Chan, Stephen Ka Chun, Kenny Ka Ho Kan, and Joseph Kee-Yin Ng. "A Dual-Channel System for Providing Location Estimation in Mobile Computing." Journal of Interconnection Networks 04, no. 03 (September 2003): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265903000878.

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A dual channel system, which is based on the GPS and the GSM Network, is being developed to compensate the problem of the lost of GPS signals in providing location services to mobile users in urban areas. In this design, when GPS signals are being blocked in blind spot areas, GSM positioning algorithms would be used as an alternative method to provide location estimations. This research is an investigation in search of a set of location estimation algorithms based on signal attenuation to work with GPS, so as to develop a dual channel positioning system. With the technical support from a local mobile operator, we have constructed and conducted several real world experiments for our investigation and results are promising.

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20

Ibrahim, Abubakar Moallim Ali, Vitalice K. Oduol, and Peter Akuon. "OPTIMIZATION OF HANDOVER IN MOBILE SYSTEM BY USING DYNAMIC GUARD CHANNEL METHOD." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 9 (September 30, 2017): 32–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss9.818.

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Handover process is a very essential process in the Global System for Mobile Communication system (GSM). Its study is one of the major key performance indicators in every GSM network, and its linked to the quality of service of an each service provider strives to attain. The failure of the handover process is regarded as the drop of quality of service which in turn dissatisfies the customers. This study, contributes more on improving call drop rate in general, reduce handover failure rate and thus save on upgrade costs, this will be beneficial to GSM service providers to easily optimize their network faults relating to the resource management. In this paper, dynamic guard channel algorithm is presented that was developed using JAVA Software. This algorithm prioritizes the handover calls over the new originated calls. All handover calls are ongoing calls and if they are dropped it causes frustrations. Matlab was used to compare simulated results to the other schemes by use of graphs and charts. From this paper we were able to establish and come up with a definitive solution to the handover crisis befalling telecommunication companies.

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21

Lonč, Maja, Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, and Ralf R. Müller. "Co-channel interference mitigation in GSM networks by iterative estimation of channel and data." European Transactions on Telecommunications 14, no. 1 (2003): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.4460140109.

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22

Lončar, Maja, Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, and Ralf R. Müller. "Co-channel interference mitigation in GSM networks by iterative estimation of channel and data." European Transactions on Telecommunications 14, no. 1 (January 2003): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.8.

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23

Zaki, Amira I., Mahmoud Nassar, Moustafa H. Aly, and Waleed K. Badawi. "A Generalized Spatial Modulation System Using Massive MIMO Space Time Coding Antenna Grouping." Entropy 22, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22121350.

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Massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), also known as a very large-scale MIMO, is an emerging technology in wireless communications that increases capacity compared to MIMO systems. The massive MIMO communication technique is currently forming a major part of ongoing research. The main issue for massive MIMO improvements depends on the number of transmitting antennas to increase the data rate and minimize bit error rate (BER). To enhance the data rate and BER, new coding and modulation techniques are required. In this paper, a generalized spatial modulation (GSM) with antenna grouping space time coding technique (STC) is proposed. The proposed GSM-STC technique is based on space time coding of two successive GSM-modulated data symbols on two subgroups of antennas to improve data rate and to minimize BER. Moreover, the proposed GSM-STC system can offer spatial diversity gains and can also increase the reliability of the wireless channel by providing replicas of the received signal. The simulation results show that GSM-STC achieves better performance compared to conventional GSM techniques in terms of data rate and BER, leading to good potential for massive MIMO by using subgroups of antennas.

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24

N, Rekha, and Fathima Jabeen. "Study on Approaches of Noise Cancellation in GSM Communication Channel." Communications on Applied Electronics 3, no. 5 (November 25, 2015): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/cae2015651940.

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25

D.U, Onyishi, Nwalozie G. C, Aniedu A. N, and Ejiofor A. C. "Performance Evaluation of Handover Channel Exchange Scheme in GSM Network." International Journal of Computer Applications 70, no. 10 (May 17, 2013): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/12000-7887.

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26

Lin, P., and Y. B. Lin. "Channel assignment for GSM half-rate and full-rate traffic." Computer Communications 23, no. 5-6 (March 2000): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-3664(99)00202-9.

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27

Busschaert, H. J., P. P. Reusens, G. Van Wauwe, M. De Langhe, R. M. A. Van Camp, C. M. W. Gouwy, and L. Dartois. "A power-efficient channel coder/decoder chip for GSM terminals." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 27, no. 3 (March 1992): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4.121552.

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28

Ruscitto, A., and T. Hindelang. "Channel decoding using residual intra-frame correlation in GSM system." Electronics Letters 33, no. 21 (1997): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19971231.

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29

Sadiq, Jibrin M., Aliyu Ozoheve, and Abraham U. Usman. "Minimizing Interference on GSM BCCH Channel Using Particle Swarm Optimization." Journal of Mobile Communication 4, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jmcomm.2010.91.95.

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30

Pavia, João Pedro, Vasco Velez, Bernardo Brogueira, Nuno Souto, and Américo Correia. "Precoded Generalized Spatial Modulation for Downlink MIMO Transmissions in Beyond 5G Networks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 6617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186617.

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The design of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) schemes capable of achieving both high spectral and energy efficiency constitutes a challenge for next-generation wireless networks. MIMO schemes based on generalized spatial modulations (GSM) have been widely considered as a powerful technique to achieve that purpose. In this paper, a multi-user (MU) GSM MIMO system is proposed, which relies on the transmission of precoded symbols from a base station to multiple receivers. The precoder’s design is focused on the removal of the interference between users and allows the application of single-user GSM detection at the receivers, which is accomplished using a low-complexity iterative algorithm. Link level and system level simulations of a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) comprising several radio remote units (RRUs) were run in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution. Simulation results show that the proposed GSM MU-MIMO approach can exploit efficiently a large number of antennas deployed at the transmitter. Moreover, it can also provide large gains when compared to conventional MU-MIMO schemes with identical spectral efficiencies. In fact, regarding the simulated C-RAN scenario with perfect channel estimation, system level results showed potential gains of up to 155% and 139% in throughput and coverage, respectively, compared to traditional cellular networks. The introduction of imperfect channel estimation reduces the throughput gain to 125%.

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31

Alafia, Adewale, Simeon Olumide Ajose, and Agbotiname Lucky Imoize. "A STUDY ON LOW-COMPLEXITY TRANSMIT ANTENNA SELECTION FOR GENERALIZED SPATIAL MODULATION." IIUM Engineering Journal 19, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i2.899.

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ABSTRACT: Generalized spatial modulation (GSM) maps its information to the index of the transmit antenna combination, making simultaneous transmission of multiple symbol possible. However, SM outperform GSM scheme in terms of error performance of the same data rate, due to average power effect. Transmit and receive diversity or the combination of both allow huge improvement in mimo systems in terms of error performance. In this paper, we investigate a near optimal low-complexity Euclidean distance antenna selection (LC-EDAS) technique in GSM system, to further improve the performance of the conventional GSM system. The LC-EDAS technique independently search across signal and spatial dimension to eliminate the worse channel prior to transmission. Secondly, we investigate a sub-optimal low-complexity transmit antenna selection (LCTAS) in the GSM system to further reduce the computational complexity (CC) imposed by LC-EDAS. The Monte Carlo simulation results obtained reveals a trade-off between the GSM scheme with LC-EDAS and GSM scheme with sub-optimal transmit antenna selection in terms of error performance and CC. ABSTRAK: Modulasi Spatial Keseluruhan (GSM) menghubung informasi kepada indeks kombinasi antena yang dipancarkan, membuatkan pemancaran keseluruhan simbol dapat dilakukan. Walau bagaimanapun, SM lebih bagus daripada skim GSM pada prestasi kesilapan pada kadar data yang sama, kerana kesan purata kuasa. Kepelbagaian penghantaran dan penerimaan ataupun kombinasi keduanya memberi pembaharuan yang lebih besar dalam sistem mimo pada prestasi kesalahan. Penyelidikan ini akan mengkaji optima terdekat Euclidean kurang rumit, melalui teknik (LC-EDAS) pilihan jarak antenna dalam sistem GSM, bagi menambah prestasi sistem GSM sedia ada. Teknik LC-EDAS secara sendiri mencari signal dan dimensi separa bagi mengurangkan saluran lebih teruk semasa penghantaran. Kedua, kami mengkaji sub-optima proses pemilihan kurang rumit penyebaran antena (LCTAS) dalam sistem GSM bagi mengurangkan kerumitan pengiraan (CC) yang dikenakan oleh LC-EDAS. Keputusan simulasi Monte Carlo yang diperoleh menunjukkan timbangan antara skim GSM dan LC-EDAS dan skim GSM bersama sub-optima proses pemilihan penyebaran antena berdasarkan kesilapan prestasi dan CC.

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32

Orogun, Adebola, Oluwaseun Fadeyi, and Ondrej Krejcar. "Sustainable Communication Systems: A Graph-Labeling Approach for Cellular Frequency Allocation in Densely-Populated Areas." Future Internet 11, no. 9 (August 26, 2019): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11090186.

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The need for smart and sustainable communication systems has led to the development of mobile communication networks. In turn, the vast functionalities of the global system of mobile communication (GSM) have resulted in a growing number of subscribers. As the number of users increases, the need for efficient and effective planning of the “limited” frequency spectrum of the GSM is inevitable, particularly in densely-populated areas. As such, there are ongoing discussions about frequency (channel) allocation methods to resolve the challenges of channel allocation, which is a complete NP (Nondeterministic Polynomial time) problem. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for channel allocation which takes into account soft constraints (co-channel interference and adjacent channel interference). By using the Manhattan distance concept, this study shows that the formulation of the algorithm is correct and in line with results in the literature. Hence, the Manhattan distance concept may be useful in other scheduling and optimization problems. Furthermore, this unique concept makes it possible to develop a more sustainable telecommunication system with ease of connectivity among users, even when several subscribers are on a common frequency.

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33

Kollár, Martin. "Method for Evaluation of Outage Probability on Random Access Channel in Mobile Communication Systems." Journal of Electrical Engineering 63, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10187-012-0028-4.

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Method for Evaluation of Outage Probability on Random Access Channel in Mobile Communication Systems In order to access the cell in all mobile communication technologies a so called random-access procedure is used. For example in GSM this is represented by sending the CHANNEL REQUEST message from Mobile Station (MS) to Base Transceiver Station (BTS) which is consequently forwarded as an CHANNEL REQUIRED message to the Base Station Controller (BSC). If the BTS decodes some noise on the Random Access Channel (RACH) as random access by mistake (so- called ‘phantom RACH') then it is a question of pure coincidence which èstablishment cause’ the BTS thinks to have recognized. A typical invalid channel access request or phantom RACH is characterized by an IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT procedure (assignment of an SDCCH or TCH) which is not followed by sending an ESTABLISH INDICATION from MS to BTS. In this paper a mathematical model for evaluation of the Power RACH Busy Threshold (RACHBT) in order to guaranty in advance determined outage probability on RACH is described and discussed as well. It focuses on Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) however the obtained results can be generalized on remaining mobile technologies (ie WCDMA and LTE).

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34

Junejo, Naveed Ur Rehman, Hamada Esmaiel, Haixin Sun, Zeyad A. H. Qasem, and Junfeng Wang. "Pilot-Based Adaptive Channel Estimation for Underwater Spatial Modulation Technologies." Symmetry 11, no. 5 (May 24, 2019): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11050711.

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Spatial Modulation Technologies (SMTs) are schemes that reduce inter-carrier interference (ICI), inter-channel interference, inter-antenna synchronization (IAS), and system complexity for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. Moreover, high spectral and energy efficiency have rendered SMTs attractive to underwater acoustic (UWA) MIMO communication systems. Consequently, this paper focuses on SMTs such as spatial modulation (SM), generalized spatial modulation (GSM), and fully generalized spatial modulation (FGSM) in which one constant number and one multiple number of antennas are active to transmit data symbols in any time interval for underwater acoustic communication (UWAC). In SMTs, the receiver requires perfect channel state information (P-CSI) for accurate data detection. However, it is impractical that the perfect channel knowledge is available at the receiver. Therefore, channel estimation is of critical importance to obtain the CSI. This paper proposes the pilot-based recursive least-square (RLS) adaptive channel estimation method over the underwater time-varying MIMO channel. Furthermore, maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is used to detect the transmitted data and antennas indices from the received signal and the estimated UWA-MIMO channel. The numerical computation of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) performance are computed for different SMTs like SM, GSM and FSGM using Monte Carlo iterations. Simulation results demonstrate that the RLS channel estimation method achieves the nearly same BER performance as P-CSI.

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35

Bjerke, B. A., J. G. Proakis, K. Y. M. Lee, and Z. Zvonar. "A comparison of GSM receivers for fading multipath channels with adjacent and co-channel interference." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 18, no. 11 (November 2000): 2211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.895026.

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36

Levantino, S., C. Samori, M. Banu, J. Glas, and V. Boccuzzi. "A CMOS GSM IF-sampling circuit with reduced in-channel aliasing." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 38, no. 6 (June 2003): 895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2003.811871.

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37

Zhang, Y., and B. H. Soong. "Performance Evaluation of GSM/GPRS Networks With Channel Re-Allocation Scheme." IEEE Communications Letters 8, no. 5 (May 2004): 280–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2004.827379.

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38

Delli Priscoli, F., N. P. Magnani, V. Palestini, and F. Sestini. "Application of dynamic channel allocation strategies to the GSM cellular network." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 15, no. 8 (1997): 1558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.634794.

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39

Marston, D. F., D. Y. K. Wong, and W. T. K. Wong. "Speech-and-channel coding scheme for enhanced full-rate GSM standard." Electronics Letters 31, no. 24 (November 23, 1995): 2081–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19951454.

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40

Birogul, Serdar, Cetin Elmas, and Aydin Cetin. "Planning of the GSM network broadcast control channel with data fusion." Expert Systems with Applications 38, no. 3 (March 2011): 2421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.08.031.

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41

Rodimtsev, Sergey, Alexander Psaryov, and Andrey Chuykin. "Monitoring of moving objects in the absence of a GSM signal." MATEC Web of Conferences 341 (2021): 00029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134100029.

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Many modern transport processes require constant on-line monitoring and management. However, the main difficulty lies in the lack of a stable GSM connection. One of the possible solutions to this issue is the use of MESH networks. These represent the possibility of wireless communication between multiple entities, which are nodes on a distributed network. The article presents the results of the development of original local radio modules and a base station to ensure uninterrupted transmission of digital data from the monitoring object, in conditions of insufficient GSM coverage. The complex provides the following operating modes: simple interaction via a GSM channel, data transmission via a self-organizing network, as well as sensory interaction between objects. In the absence of GSM communication, the repeater provides on-line data transmission from the monitoring object, at a distance of up to 860 m, at a distance from the base station - at least 500 m. The use of the new complex makes it possible to promptly respond to changes in operating factors and prevent emergency situations during the operation of vehicles.

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42

N, Rekha, and Fathima Jabeen. "Novel Technique for Comprehensive Noise Identification and Cancellation in GSM Signal." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i2.pp1222-1229.

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Presence of noise significantly degrades the contents being transmitted over GSM channel. With the evolution of next generation of communication system, the challenges in noise cancellation in voice along with data transmission are not being addressed effectively by existing filters. Therefore, the proposed system offers a mechanism where emphasis is laid on identification of superior and inferior forms of GSM transient signal followed by cancellation of its noise level. Designed using analytical methodology, the proposed system harness the potential of probability theory to perform a modeling that associates allocated power of the transmitting device with the level of noise. The outcome of the study is found to offer a comprehensive identification of different forms of noise and can precisely determine the level of superior and inferior quality of signal. The outcome significantly assists in designing an accurate filter for noise cancellation in GSM signal.

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43

Dababneh, M. I., and E. S. Al-Khawaldeh. "Performance of TETRA and GSM\GPRS as a Platform for Broadband Internet and Multimedia Evolution." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 4, no. 1 (December 1, 2007): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol4iss1pp95-102.

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In this paper, a novel approach for the comparison between TETRA system and other contenders is presented showing the relative potentials, thence applications and possible new services. TETRA Voice plus Data (V+D) and GPRSbased- GSM performance are also compared for defined multimedia transmission to revise the capability of bothsystems to afford multimedia applications to large number of subscribers with the shortest time possible while maintaining the optimal channel utilization. Performance measurements for data transmission illustrate that TETRA exhibits faster time response for connection setup time than the GPRS\GSM applications can provide. Simulation results also confirm that TETRA can support larger number of Mobile Stations (MSs) than the GSM\GPRS for the same time delay period, yet TETRA requires minimal network resources in comparison with GSM\GPRS for the same supported service. Indeed this is important in the present time where the demand on wireless communication is increasing dramatically and this what stimulates the concept of this research. Also, the hypothesis that certain communications systems utilizes spectrum efficiency more effectively than others and the fact that radio spectrum is a scarce recourse have further encourages the start of this research.

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44

Wu, Cong Ming, Yang Shi, Zi Ping Xu, and Yu Xi Cheng. "Research of GMR-1 in GEO Satellite Mobile Communications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1580–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1580.

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At present, technology related to GEO is wide used in the civil and military fields. In this paper, firstly, the generation of GMR-1 was introduced and then a detail illustration of how to comprehend the GMR-1 system and its structure was made by comparison between GMR-1 specifications and GSM standard. These two specifications were compared in terms of the physical channel, logical channel, bursts, mapping and so on. The analysis indicates that GMR-1 modified the lower layers for the satellite channel. In the end, we are looking ahead to the future of the GMR-1.

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45

Mezgec, Zdenko, Amor Chowdhury, Bojan Kotnik, and Rajko Svečko. "Implementation of PCCD-OFDM-ASK Robust Data Transmission over GSM Speech Channel." Informatica 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 51–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/informatica.2009.237.

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46

Sbit, Selma, Mohamed Bechir Dadi, and Belgacem Chibani. "Co and Adjacent Channel Interference Evaluation in GSM and UMTS Cellular Networks." IJARCCE 4, no. 11 (November 30, 2015): 462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2015.411102.

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47

Li, Ge, and Zhi Ding. "Semi-blind channel identification for individual data bursts in GSM wireless systems." Signal Processing 80, no. 10 (October 2000): 2017–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1684(00)00067-0.

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48

DEHGHANOJAMAHALLEH, Seyedmohsen, and Mehmet KAYA. "An alternative method of biomedical signal transmission through the GSM voice channel." TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES 28, no. 3 (May 8, 2020): 1791–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/elk-1902-25.

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49

Wang, Kai, and Guo Jin Wan. "Realization Scheme for LAPDM on GSM Virtual Base Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1600–1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1600.

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The Link Access Procedures on Dm channel (LAPDM) is the data link layer of GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) cellular network. According to the requirements of virtual base station and 3GPP protocols, we proposed an improved scheme for implementing LAPDM on GSM virtual base station platform. The scheme has higher reliability and efficiency by reducing the useless data link status and operational flow. This paper introduced a framework for realizing the proposed scheme and presented detailed analyses about its program structure, status transition, errors detection and correction approach, timer and retransmission mechanism. Finally, the program was ported to the hardware platform and monitored by OT Drive software. Experimental results show the improved scheme has good performance on each required signaling flow.

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50

Hikmaturokhman, Alfin, Anggun Fitrian Isnawati, and Febry Setyadillah. "Optimalisasi Kapasitas Trafik Dengan Transceiver Group Synchronization Di PT Xl Axiata Tbk Purwokerto." JURNAL INFOTEL - Informatika Telekomunikasi Elektronika 3, no. 1 (May 10, 2011): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v3i1.85.

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Growth of consumer of peripatetic telecommunications of cellular GSM claims the existence of optimal capacities of traffic to be including maximum customer. One of the improving capacities of traffic by Transceiver Group Synchronization that is merger two Radio Bases of Station or more become one Site. Conducted by Transceiver Group Synchronization will improve capacities of Traffic Channel (TCH) Availability, TCH Traffic, Stand Alone Dedicated Control Channel (SDCCH), degrading TCH Assignment Drop Call and of TCH Congestion Ratio. Herewith will improve Handover Success Ratio (HOSR) and of saving usage of Transceiver Unit (TRU).

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