Готові списки джерел за темами / GSK-3 Shaggy kinase

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "GSK-3 Shaggy kinase"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "GSK-3 Shaggy kinase"

Bianchi, Michèle W., Dominique Guivarc'h, and Martin Kreis. "Arabidopsishomologues of the shaggy/GSK-3 protein kinase." Acta Botanica Gallica 140, no. 6 (January 1993): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12538078.1993.10515652.

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Wilson, K. S., P. Stoeva-Popova, and D. Dimaculangan. "Characterization ofLpSK6: ALycopersiconGroup Three GSK-3/SHAGGY-Like Protein Kinase." Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 18, no. 3 (January 2004): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2004.10817115.

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Kloc, Yuliya, Marta Dmochowska-Boguta, Andrzej Zielezinski, Anna Nadolska-Orczyk, Wojciech M. Karlowski, and Waclaw Orczyk. "Silencing of HvGSK1.1—A GSK3/SHAGGY-Like Kinase–Enhances Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Growth in Normal and in Salt Stress Conditions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 6616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186616.

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Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a highly conserved kinase present in all eukaryotes and functions as a key regulator of a wide range of physiological and developmental processes. The kinase, known in land plants as GSK3/SHAGGY-like kinase (GSK), is a key player in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway. The GSK genes, through the BRs, affect diverse developmental processes and modulate responses to environmental factors. In this work, we describe functional analysis of HvGSK1.1, which is one of the GSK3/SHAGGY-like orthologs in barley. The RNAi-mediated silencing of the target HvGSK1.1 gene was associated with modified expression of its paralogs HvGSK1.2, HvGSK2.1, HvGSK3.1, and HvGSK4.1 in plants grown in normal and in salt stress conditions. Low nucleotide similarity between the silencing fragment and barley GSK genes and the presence of BR-dependent transcription factors’ binding sites in promoter regions of barley and rice GSK genes imply an innate mechanism responsible for co-regulation of the genes. The results of the leaf inclination assay indicated that silencing of HvGSK1.1 and the changes of GSK paralogs enhanced the BR-dependent signaling in the plants. The strongest phenotype of transgenic lines with downregulated HvGSK1.1 and GSK paralogs had greater biomass of the seedlings grown in normal conditions and salt stress as well as elevated kernel weight of plants grown in normal conditions. Both traits showed a strong negative correlation with the transcript level of the target gene and the paralogs. The characteristics of barley lines with silenced expression of HvGSK1.1 are compatible with the expected phenotypes of plants with enhanced BR signaling. The results show that manipulation of the GSK-encoding genes provides data to explore their biological functions and confirm it as a feasible strategy to generate plants with improved agricultural traits.

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Papadopoulou, Deppie, Michele Wolfe Bianchi, and Marc Bourouis. "Functional Studies of Shaggy/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Phosphorylation Sites in Drosophila melanogaster." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 11 (June 1, 2004): 4909–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.11.4909-4919.2004.

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ABSTRACT Early studies of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) in mammalian systems focused on its pivotal role in glycogen metabolism and insulin-mediated signaling. It is now recognized that GSK-3 is central to a number of diverse signaling systems. Here, we show that the major form of the kinase Shaggy (Sgg), the GSK-3 fly ortholog, is negatively regulated during insulin-like/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling in vivo. Since genetic studies of Drosophila melanogaster had previously shown that Wingless (Wg) signaling also acts to antagonize Sgg, we investigate how the kinase might integrate, or else discriminate, signaling inputs by Wg and insulin. Using Drosophila cell line assays, we found, in contrast to previous reports, that Wg induces accumulation of its transducer Armadillo (Arm)/β-catenin without significant alteration of global Sgg-specific activity. In agreement with a previous study using human GSK-3β, Wg did not cause phosphorylation changes of the Ser9 or Tyr214 regulatory phosphorylated sites of Sgg. Conversely, as shown in mammalian systems, insulin-induced inhibition of Sgg-specific activity by phosphorylation at the N-terminal pseudosubstrate site (Ser9) did not induce Arm/β-catenin accumulation, showing selectivity in response to the different signaling pathways. Interestingly, a minigene bearing a Ser9-to-Ala change rescued mutant sgg without causing abnormal development, suggesting that the regulation of Sgg via the inhibitory pseudosubstrate domain is dispensable for many aspects of its function. Our studies of Drosophila show that Wg and insulin or PI3K pathways do not converge on Sgg but that they exhibit cross-regulatory interactions.

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Tichtinsky, Gabrielle, Raquel Tavares, Alain Takvorian, Nicole Schwebel-Dugué, David Twell, and Martin Kreis. "An evolutionary conserved group of plant GSK-3/shaggy-like protein kinase genes preferentially expressed in developing pollen." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression 1442, no. 2-3 (November 1998): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00187-0.

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Itoh, K., T. L. Tang, B. G. Neel, and S. Y. Sokol. "Specific modulation of ectodermal cell fates in Xenopus embryos by glycogen synthase kinase." Development 121, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 3979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.12.3979.

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Shaggy is a downstream component of the wingless and Notch signaling pathways which operate during Drosophila development. To address the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3 beta), a mammalian homologue of Shaggy, in vertebrate embryogenesis, it was overexpressed in Xenopus embryos. Microinjection of rat GSK3 beta mRNA into animal ventral blastomeres of 8-cell-stage embryos triggered development of ectopic cement glands with an adjacent anterior neural tissue as evidenced by in situ hybridization with Xotx2, a fore/midbrain marker, and NCAM, a pan-neural marker. In contrast, animal dorsal injection of the same dose of GSK3 beta mRNA caused eye deficiencies, whereas vegetal injections had no pronounced effects on normal development. Using several mutated forms of rat GSK3 beta, we demonstrate that the observed phenotypes are dose-dependent and tightly correlate with GSK3 beta enzymatic activity. Lineage tracing experiments showed that the effects of GSK3 beta are cell autonomous and that ectopic cement glands and eye deficiencies arose directly from cells containing GSK3 beta mRNA. Molecular marker analysis of ectodermal explants overexpressing GSK3 beta has revealed activation of Xotx2 and of cement gland marker XAG-1, but expression of NCAM and XIF-3 was not detected. Phenotypic effects of mRNA encoding a Xenopus homologue of GSK3 beta were identical to those of rat GSK3 beta mRNA. We hypothesize that GSK3 beta mediates the initial steps of neural tissue specification and modulates anteroposterior ectodermal patterning via activation of Otx2 transcription. Our observations implicate GSK3 beta in signaling pathways operating during neural tissue development and during specification of anterior ectodermal cell fates.

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DiAngelo, Justin R., and Morris J. Birnbaum. "Regulation of Fat Cell Mass by Insulin in Drosophila melanogaster." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 24 (October 12, 2009): 6341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00675-09.

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ABSTRACT A phylogenetically conserved response to nutritional abundance is an increase in insulin signaling, which initiates a set of biological responses dependent on the species. Consequences of augmented insulin signaling include developmental progression, cell and organ growth, and the storage of carbohydrates and lipids. Here, we address the evolutionary origins of insulin's positive effects on anabolic lipid metabolism by selectively modulating insulin signaling in the fat body of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Analogous to the actions of insulin in higher vertebrates, those in Drosophila include expansion of the insect fat cell mass both by increasing the adipocyte number and by promoting lipid accumulation. The ability of insulin to accomplish the former depends on its capacity to bring about phosphorylation and inhibition of the transcription factor Drosophila FOXO (dFOXO) and the serine/threonine protein kinase shaggy, the fly ortholog of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3). Increasing the amount of triglyceride per cell also depends on the phosphorylation of shaggy but is independent of dFOXO. Thus, the findings of this study provide evidence that the control of fat mass by insulin is a conserved process and place dFOXO and shaggy/GSK3 downstream of the insulin receptor in controlling adipocyte cell number and triglyceride storage, respectively.

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Veselkina, Ekaterina R., Mikhail V. Trostnikov, Natalia V. Roshina, and Elena G. Pasyukova. "The Effect of the Tau Protein on D. melanogaster Lifespan Depends on GSK3 Expression and Sex." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (January 21, 2023): 2166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032166.

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The microtubule-associated conserved protein tau has attracted significant attention because of its essential role in the formation of pathological changes in the nervous system, which can reduce longevity. The study of the effects caused by tau dysfunction and the molecular mechanisms underlying them is complicated because different forms of tau exist in humans and model organisms, and the changes in protein expression can be multidirectional. In this article, we show that an increase in the expression of the main isoform of the Drosophila melanogaster tau protein in the nervous system has differing effects on lifespan depending on the sex of individuals but has no effect on the properties of the nervous system, in particular, the synaptic activity and distribution of another microtubule-associated protein, Futsch, in neuromuscular junctions. Reduced expression of tau in the nervous system does not affect the lifespan of wild-type flies, but it does increase the lifespan dramatically shortened by overexpression of the shaggy gene encoding the GSK3 (Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3) protein kinase, which is one of the key regulators of tau phosphorylation levels. This effect is accompanied by the normalization of the Futsch protein distribution impaired by shaggy overexpression. The results presented in this article demonstrate that multidirectional changes in tau expression can lead to effects that depend on the sex of individuals and the expression level of GSK3.

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Bianchi, Michele W., Dominique Guivarc'h, Martine Thomas, James R. Woodgett, and Martin Kreis. "Arabidopsis homologs of the shaggy and GSK-3 protein kinases: molecular cloning and functional expression in Escherichia coli." Molecular and General Genetics MGG 242, no. 3 (February 1994): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00280424.

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Trostnikov, Mikhail V., Natalia V. Roshina, Stepan V. Boldyrev, Ekaterina R. Veselkina, Andrey A. Zhuikov, Anna V. Krementsova, and Elena G. Pasyukova. "Disordered Expression of shaggy, the Drosophila Gene Encoding a Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase GSK3, Affects the Lifespan in a Transcript-, Stage-, and Tissue-Specific Manner." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 9 (May 4, 2019): 2200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092200.

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GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase 3) is a conserved protein kinase governing numerous regulatory pathways. In Drosophila melanogaster, GSK3 is encoded by shaggy (sgg), which forms 17 annotated transcripts corresponding to 10 protein isoforms. Our goal was to demonstrate how differential sgg transcription affects lifespan, which GSK3 isoforms are important for the nervous system, and which changes in the nervous system accompany accelerated aging. Overexpression of three sgg transcripts affected the lifespan in a stage- and tissue-specific way: sgg-RA and sgg-RO affected the lifespan only when overexpressed in muscles and in embryos, respectively; the essential sgg-RB transcript affected lifespan when overexpressed in all tissues tested. In the nervous system, only sgg-RB overexpression affected lifespan, causing accelerated aging in a neuron-specific way, with the strongest effects in dopaminergic neurons and the weakest effects in GABAergic neurons. Pan-neuronal sgg-RB overexpression violated the properties of the nervous system, including the integrity of neuron bodies; the number, distribution, and structure of mitochondria; cytoskeletal characteristics; and synaptic activity. Such changes observed in young individuals indicated premature aging of their nervous system, which paralleled a decline in survival. Our findings demonstrated the key role of GSK3 in ensuring the link between the pathology of neurons and lifespan.

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Дисертації з теми "GSK-3 Shaggy kinase"

Bianchi, Michele. "Isolement et caracterisation d'homologues de la proteine kinase shaggy/gsk-3 chez arabidopsis thaliana et identification d'un gene correspondant chez saccharomyces cerevisiae." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112322.

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Les proteines kinases (pks) sont les composants centraux du systeme cybernetique des cellules eucaryotes. L'identification d'homologues de pks conservees au cours de l'evolution peut constituer une approche complementaire aux techniques genetiques pour l'etude de voies de transduction importantes chez les plantes. Dans un premier temps, une approche de pcr (polymerase chain reaction) a permis d'identifier, chez arabidopsis thaliana, une famille de genes apparentes a (1) mck1 (meiosis and centromere regulatory kinase) de saccharomyces cerevisiae; (2) shaggy/zeste-white 3, impliquee dans le developpement de drosophila melanogaster; (3) le gene codant la glycogen synthase kinase-3 (gsk-3, regulateur du facteur transcriptionnel c-jun) de mammiferes. Par la suite, la caracterisation de deux adnc, ask-alpha et ask-gamma (arabidopsis shaggy-related protein kinase), a permis de mettre en evidence une identite de 70%, au niveau du domaine catalytique, entre les proteines ask et shaggy/gsk-3 dont ils representent donc les homologues vegetaux. L'activite kinase ainsi qu'une autophosphorylation sur des residus threonine, serine et, en plus faible quantite, tyrosine, ont pu etre demontrees apres production des proteines ask dans e. Coli. Par ailleurs, le niveau relativement faible d'identite avec mck1 (40%) a mene a la recherche puis a l'isolement d'un deuxieme gene de s. Cerevisiae: scgsk-3, dont le produit putatif est identique a 60%, au niveau du domaine catalytique, avec gsk-3, shaggy et les proteines ask. Une analyse de phylogenie moleculaire a suggere que scgsk-3 code le veritable homologue de gsk-3 et shaggy, alors que mck1 serait originaire d'un evenement de duplication specifique du lignage de s. Cerevisiae. L'etude simultanee des pks de la famille gsk-3 dans differents organismes devrait fournir une aide importante a la comprehension des fonctions biochimiques et biologiques des proteines ask chez les plantes superieures

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TAVARES, RAQUEL. "Contribution a la caracterisation de la sous-famille des proteines serine/threonine kinases du type shaggy/gsk-3 chez arabidopsis thaliana." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112390.

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Chez les animaux, les proteines serine/threonine kinases de la famille shaggy/gsk-3 sont impliquees dans une grande variete de processus biologiques, comme la regulation de l'insuline et la determination de la destinee et de la proliferation cellulaires. Ce travail de these avait comme objectif de contribuer a l'elucidation des roles biologiques de ces proteines chez les plantes, plus particulierement a travers l'identification et l'etude d'un sous-groupe de cette famille chez arabidopsis. L'analyse des sequences des genes atsk (arabidopsis thaliana shaggy-like kinases) du groupe iii a permis de completer les etudes concernant l'organisation et l'evolution de la famille shaggy/gsk-3 chez les plantes. Par ailleurs, la caracterisation de l'environnement genomique des differents paralogues nous a amenes a la caracterisation de la structure et de l'evolution de quatre autres familles multigeniques chez arabidopsis. Des etudes d'expression des genes atsk du groupe iii ont ete realisees utilisant des techniques de rt-pcr et de pcr sur des banques d'adnc. L'imunolocalisation de quatre atsk a egalement ete effectuee, sur des extraits proteiques et sur des coupes, en utilisant des anticorps specifiques. La localisation intracellulaire de la proteine atsk a notamment ete determinee. Enfin, la connaissance des sequences genomiques de la totalite de la famille atsk nous a permis de tester les fonctions biologiques des differents paralogues par des techniques de genetique inverse. La modification in vivo de l'expression des genes atsk du groupe iii a ete entreprise, par le biais de la production de plantes d'arabidopsis comportant des sequences antisens specifiques. Nous avons utilise un systeme de transactivation de l'expression de la sequence antisens dans la descendance de deux lignees, une lignee antisens et une lignee activatrice, presentant un phenotype sauvage.

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Tichtinsky, Gabrielle. "Caracterisation d'un sous-groupe de proteines serine/threonine kinases vegetales de la famille shaggy/gsk-3. Mise en evidence de leur role au cours du developpement des plantes." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112414.

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Les proteines serine/threonine kinases shaggy de d. Melanogaster et gsk-3 de mammiferes sont des composants majeurs des voies de signalisation wingless et wnt qui regulent de nombreux processus de developpement chez les animaux. Des genes vegetaux apparentes ont ete isoles chez p. Hybrida et n. Tabacum. Ils sont principalement exprimes dans le pollen et forment, parmi les genes vegetaux de la famille shaggy/gsk-3, un sous-groupe particulier auquel appartiennent aussi des genes isoles chez b. Napus et a. Thaliana. Tous les genes de ce sous-groupe codent pour des proteines kinases caracterisees par une extension n-terminale, qui comporte un peptide d'adressage potentiel vers la mitochondrie. Afin d'elucider la fonction de deux de ces genes, psk6 du petunia et nsk6 du tabac, des plantes antisens ont ete produites. Des tabacs transformes ou le gene nsk6 est exprime en antisens sous controle du promoteur lat52, specifique du pollen, revelent un developpement anormal du pollen. Apres la premiere mitose, une partie des grains de pollen stoppent leur developpement et meurent. Des petunias transformes, chez lesquels psk6 est exprime en antisens sous controle du promoteur constitutif 35s, du promoteur fbp7, specifique des ovaires, ou du promoteur ltp1, specifique des epidermes, presentent une palette de caracteristiques phenotypiques qui incluent une mortalite pollinique elevee apres la premiere mitose, un developpement anormal des sacs embryonnaires et une alteration de la transmission de la resistance a la kanamycine a la descendance. L'ensemble de ces observations phenotypiques nous indique que psk6 et nsk6 sont necessaires au processus de reproduction en regulant, en particulier, le developpement des gametophytes.

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