Дисертації з теми "Growth defects"
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Chiang, Chang-Yang. "Electron microscopic studies of crystal growth and defects in inorganic solids." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12026.
Повний текст джерелаBiswas, Barnali. "Growth defects in CrN/NbN coatings deposited by HIPIMS/UBM techniques." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/18154/.
Повний текст джерелаCristiano, Filadelfo. "Extended defects in SiGe device structures formed by ion implantation." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843871/.
Повний текст джерелаKadhim, N. J. "Morphological imperfections associated with molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaAs layers." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377702.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Lan. "Ab-initio simulations of graphite defects and growth mechanisms of carbon nanotubes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614271.
Повний текст джерелаGolea, Mostefa. "AB(2)C(4) semiconducting compounds crystal growth, intrinsic defects and optical properties." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5374.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Jhewn-Kuang. "The role of defects during precipitate growth in a Ni-45wt% Cr alloy." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-162241/.
Повний текст джерелаOest, Megan Elizabeth. "Dual Osteogenic and Angiogenic Growth Factor Delivery as a Treatment for Segmental Bone Defects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16264.
Повний текст джерелаRyningen, Birgit. "Formation and growth of crystal defects in directionally solidified multicrystalline silicon for solar cells." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for materialteknologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-4980.
Повний текст джерелаFarzana, Esmat. "Defects and Schottky Contacts in β-Ga2O3:Properties, Influence of Growth Method and Irradiation". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555495732936101.
Повний текст джерелаColeman, Rhima M. "Development of a small animal model to study tissue engineering strategies for growth plate defects." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07092007-093731/.
Повний текст джерелаGuldberg, Robert, Committee Chair ; Boyan, Barbara, Committee Member ; O'Keefe, Regis, Committee Member ; Vito, Ray, Committee Member ; Bellankonda, Ravi, Committee Member.
Lappalainen, O. P. (Olli-Pekka). "Healing of cranial critical sized defects with grafts, stem cells, growth factors and bio-materials." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2016. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213439.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Luu on runsaasti verisuonitettua kudosta, ja se mahdollistaa tiiviin vuorovaikutuksen verisuonten ja luun rakenteen perusyksikön, osteonin, sekä toiminnallisten solujen osteoblastien ja osteoklastien välillä. Kirurgisen toimenpiteen tai trauman aiheuttama luun vaurio häiritsee luun verenkiertoa ja johtaa hapenpuutteeseen ja jopa nekroosiin vaurioituneessa luun osassa. Luukudoksen paranemisen ja uudistumisen mekanismit ovat pitkälle erilaistuneita ja ne tunnetaan erittäin hyvin. Yleisin ja ennusteeltaan luotettavin tapa korjata laajoja kallon luukudoksen puutoksia on perinteisesti ollut potilaan oman luukudossiirteen käyttö. Menetelmän ongelmana on siirteen luovutuskohdan vaurio ja kipu sekä paranemiseen liittyvät ongelmat. Erityisesti lapsipotilailla on haasteena riittävän siirreluumäärän rajoitettu saatavuus. Tästä syystä on pyritty kehittämään korvaavia materiaaleja, jotta vältettäisiin suuriin luusiirteisiin liittyviä ongelmia. Autologiset kantasolut ovat osoittautuneet lupaaviksi kehitettäessä luuta korvaavia hoitomuotoja kallon luupuutosten hoitoon. Tämän tutkimuksen päätavoitteena oli tutkia kokeellisen eläinmallin avulla laajojen, kallokirurgiassa aiheutuvia luupuutoksia vastaavien vaurioalueiden paranemista. Tutkimuksessa testattiin erityyppisiä autogeenisiä luusiirteitä ja rasvakudos- tai luuydinperäisiä kantasoluja, joita kasvatettiin kahden biomateriaalin, trikalsiumfosfaatin ja bioaktiivisen lasin pinnoilla. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin myös fibriinikudosliiman vaikutusta omakudosluusiirteen paranemiseen. Kudoskasvutekijäproteiinien BMP-2, BMP-7 ja VEGF stimuloivaa vaikutusta kudossiirteiden toimintaan ja luutumiseen selvitettiin myös. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset tukevat aiemmin raportoituja havaintoja autologisen luusiirrännäisen käyttöön liittyvästä nopeasta resorptiosta. Erityisesti fibriinikudosliiman käytön yhdessä autologisten pienipartikkelisten luusiirteiden kanssa havaittiin heikentävän uuden luun muodostumista kallon luupuutoksissa. Kallon luupuutosten alkuvaiheen paranemisessa rakeinen trikalsiumfosfaatti osoittautui tehokkaammaksi kuin kiinteä säikeinen bioaktiivinen lasi. Samoin rasvakudosperäisten kantasolujen yhdistäminen trikalsiumfosfaattiin lisäsi merkittävästi luun muodostumista verrattuna samaan yhdistelmään bioaktiivisen lasin kanssa. Luuydinperäisiä kantasoluja yhdistettäessä vastaavaa ei voitu tässä tutkimuksessa todeta. Tutkimuksessa kasvutekijöiden käytöllä ei havaittu olevan positiivista vaikutusta kallonluiden paranemiseen
Scheutz, Jon. "Examination of defects and long term crack growth in rolled bars during long term storage." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148106.
Повний текст джерелаDetta arbete har haft syftet att undersöka defekter och orsaken till spricktillväxt under långtidsförvaring av spårvalsade stänger. Stängerna i undersökningen är valsade och lagrade hos Ovako i Hofors. Problemet är angripet genom att teoretiskt undersöka risken för väteskador, kryp i rumstemperatur och naturligt förekommande porositet. Sju stänger indelade i tre stålsortsgrupper och med olika valsningsdatum valdes ut och undersöktes med ultraljud. Fyra av stängerna visade på defekter. Prov innehållande dessa defekter blev utkapade och slipade så att defekterna kan bli undersökta i svepelektronmikroskop och analyserade med energidispersiv röntgenanalys. Ett av proverna visar på ett hålrum innehållande en järnkarbid. Ett av de andra proverna visar på en yta med inneslutningar. De två återstående proverna visar på inneslutningar och sprickor som verkar utgå från inneslutningar. De teoretiska studierna visar att det finns två typer av väteskador som är aktuella i det studerade fallet och även att kryp vid rumstemperatur kan underlätta spricktillväxt men inte orsaka den och att porositet kan tjäna som sprickinitieringsställen. Åtgärder för att minimera de nämnda problemen bör tas i fall där de är misstänkta orsaker. Ytterligare undersökningar av inneslutningsbilden bör göras om inneslutningar anses vara ett problem.
Liu, Desheng. "Overexpression of NTAP:AtCTF7¿B Leads to Pleiotropic Defects in Reproduction and Vegetative Growth in Arabidopsis." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1416582364.
Повний текст джерелаGao, Wenling. "Monitoring the first stages of the regeneration of bone defects." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-198476.
Повний текст джерелаZur Entwicklung neuer Strategien der Geweberegenerierung in kritischen Knochendefekten, die sich durch Selbstheilungsprozesse nicht schließen, ist das Verständnis der beteiligten physiologischen Prozesse essentiell. Der Wiederaufbau von Gewebe, wie etwa während Knochenheilungsprozesse ist komplex reguliert und erfordert das koordinierte Zusammenspiel einer Vielzahl von Zellen und Mediatoren. Obwohl bereits in zahlreichen Studien die Veränderungen in der Genexpression in den ersten 3 Tagen nach einer akuten oder experimentell induzierten Fraktur untersucht wurden, ist noch immer wenig über die zellulären und humoralen Vorgänge in den frühen Phasen der Knochenheilung in vivo bekannt. Gebräuchliche Analysemethoden erfordern komplexe Verfahren zur Probenentnahme und Nachweisreaktionen währenddessen die biologische Aktivität der untersuchten Mediatoren häufig graduell verloren geht. Die Mikrodialyse hingegen kann in Echtzeit am lebenden Objekt und am Ort der Verletzung durchgeführt werden und bildet somit eine erfolgsversprechende Plattform um die Probengewinnung noch enger mit der anschließenden biochemischen Nachweistechnik zu verbinden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die optimalen Konditionen zur Mikrodialyse erstmals an einem kritischen Defektmodell eines Ratten-Röhrenknochens zur in vivo und in vitro Applikation ermittelt. Dazu wurde das Vorkommen verschiedener Komponenten der extrazellulären Matrix und ausgewählter Mediatoren während der ersten 24 bis 48 Stunden der Knochenheilung überwacht. Neben der durch Mikrodialyse gewonnenen Proben wurden auch Blutproben verarbeitet um sowohl die lokale, als auch systemische Konzentration der untersuchten Proteine zu erfassen. Durch eine Proteomanalyse konnten zudem bislang in diesem Prozess unbekannte Moleküle identifiziert und verfolgt werden. Zur Optimierung der Mikrodialyse wurden zunächst die Bedingungen hinsichtlich der Proteinrückgewinnung verbessert. Durch den Zusatz von Rinderserumalbumin (BSA) konnte die Rückgewinnung von Interleukin (IL)-6 erhöht werden. Die maximale relative Rückgewinnung (RR) konnte von 15.0% ohne BSA auf 23.6% mit BSA gesteigert werden. Noch dramatischer war dieser Effekt für den transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 von dessen eingesetzter Menge in vitro 11.2% detektiert werden konnte, während in der BSA-freien Dialyselösung kein TGF-β1 nachgewiesen wurde. Die RR blieb stets unter der Detektionsgrenze des verwendeten enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In vivo-Dialysate enthielten totale Proteinkonzentrationen zwischen 0,20±0,12 mg/mL und 0,44±0,18 mg/mL. Von den innerhalb von 24 h nach Verletzung im Frakturhämatom produzierten Mediatoren wurde IL-6 am stärksten exprimiert. Die höchsten Konzentrationen (309,1pg/mL) konnten hierfür nach 12 bis 15 Stunden nach Einführung des Defekts gemessen werden. Die Konzentrationslevel von TGF-β1 hingegegen betrug nur 3,6 bis 44,0 pg/mL.Mittels high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), konnten 36 Proteine in den über 8 Stunden gewonnenen Mikrodialysaten, und 884 Proteine von Explantaten, die 24 h im Knochendefekt integriert waren, identifiziert werden. Von den im Frakturhämatom identifizierten Proteinen war nur eine Minderheit extrazellulären Ursprungs. Durch die Proteomanalyse konnten fünf Signalwegskaskaden identifiziert werden. Von diesen trat „FGF (fibroblast growth factor) signaling“ ausschließlich in Knochendefekten, nicht jedoch in den zur Kontrolle mitgeführten reinen Weichgewebedefekten auf. Im Frakturhämatom konnten die, C-X-C motif-Liganden CXCL-1, CXCL-2,CXCL-3, CXCL-4, CXCL-5, CXCL-7, rodent bone protein (RoBo-1), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, und das chitinase-3-like protein 1 nachgewiesen werden. Die identifizierten Proteine könnten von Bedeutung für die Steuerung früher Knochenheilungsprozesse sein. Histologische Untersuchungen zeigten, dass polymorphkernige Leukozyten (PMNs) und Lymphozyten sofort nach der Operation in das Frakturhämatom einwandern und ihre Anzahl nach etwa 24 h ihr Maximum erreicht. Diese Studie präsentiert erstmals Daten der lokal und systemisch ablaufenden zellulären und humoralen Vorgänge als Antwort auf einen Weichgewebs-bzw. Knochendefekt in einem Nagetier-Kleintiermodell. Die Mikrodialyse-Resultate stellen eine vielversprechende Grundlage für zukünftige Untersuchungen in anderen Modellen dar. Außerdem bilden die hier identifizierten Proteine und Signalwege eine Gruppe potenter Kandidaten für weiterführende Untersuchungen zur Knochenregeration
Dixon, Michael James. "Growth factor (EGF and TGF #propor to#) involvement in mouse palatal development with particular reference to the signalling of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328364.
Повний текст джерелаShmela, Mansur Ennuri, and S3149770@student rmit edu au. "Mechanisms of DNA methylation defects at the IGF2/H19 imprinting centre in patients with foetal growth disorders." RMIT University. Medical Sciences, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091023.120253.
Повний текст джерелаNause, Jeffrey E. "An investigation of experimental parameters affecting growth defects in directionally solidified yttria stabilized-zirconia/tungsten eutectic composites." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19500.
Повний текст джерелаHarvey, Suzie. "Growth of 3C-SiC via a hot-wall CVD reactor." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001823.
Повний текст джерелаSen, Gourav. "Kyropoulos Growth and Characterizations of Titanium doped Sapphire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI001.
Повний текст джерелаThere is a huge interest in construction of solid state lasers capable of reaching petawatt (PW) levels and beyond. In order to achieve this level of power, Ti:Al2O3 amplifiers up to 20 cm in diameter or larger are required and hence there is the need for the growth of large diameter Ti:Al2O3 crystal boules. The Kyropoulos growth process has been identified by the company RSA le Rubis SA as the most productive technique because it allows growing massive crystals under a low temperature gradient and hence of good quality.Growing crystals weighing about 30 kg comes with its share of complications which gravely affect the crystal morphology and hence its crystalline quality. To address the issues of morphology, a detailed study of the growth parameters effect was carried out by analysing the process of crystals grown in the industrial setup. The factors for the critical issues of a flat plate formation and re-melted zones in the crystal were identified and an ideal set of parameter for the pulling rate and mass growth rate was proposed. These led to marked improvements in the productive volume of the crystal and enabled growth of crystals with predictable morphologies.To take a step further, a completely autonomous crystal growth system was envisioned which would allow the operator live monitoring of the crystal shape and give control over its radial growth parameters. This is based on the simultaneous in situ measurement of crystal weight and remaining liquid level. A mathematical study is presented to explain the relationship between all the weighing forces acting on the growing crystal and to study the feasibility of this control system. It is shown that it could be useful for the diameter regulation during the Kyropoulos growth.Crystals were characterised and checked for defects which would affect its optical properties. One such defect was the presence of a translucent band in the otherwise transparent crystal, called “milky defect”. The crystalline quality in terms of dislocation density due to induced strain was analysed using X-ray diffraction techniques, along with optical characterisation and chemical analyses. Aided with heat transfer and thermo-mechanical numerical simulations of the growth system, an explanation for the origin of this defect in terms of acting thermal stress and associated crystal growth dynamics is proposed.Titanium doping in the sapphire crystal is needed for the Laser application, but there is segregation of the dopant during growth and this leads to an inhomogeneous distribution in the grown crystals, as shown by optical characterisation of the distribution of titanium in its Ti3+ and Ti4+ states. Ideas in order to improve the laser samples homogeneity are proposed
Okumura, Hironori. "Formation Mechanism of Extended Defects in AlN Grown on SiC{0001} and Their Reduction by Initial Growth Control." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157592.
Повний текст джерелаRingel, S. A. "Growth and process induced defects and recombination mechanisms in AIGaAs/GaAs and CdZnx Te/CdS photovoltaic device structures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13330.
Повний текст джерелаUeda, Hiroki. "Use of collagen sponge incorporating transforming growth factor β1 to promote bone repair in skull defects in rabbits". Kyoto University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150189.
Повний текст джерелаSakamoto, Michiharu. "Efficacy of gelatin gel sheets in sustaining the release of basic fibroblast growth factor for murine skin defects." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217113.
Повний текст джерелаLocke, Christopher. "Growth of 3C-SiC on (111)Si using hot-wall chemical vapor deposition." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003126.
Повний текст джерелаJain, Shruti. "Local translation of Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule and its implications for neural wiring defects." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1493679170223595.
Повний текст джерелаOliveira, Vanessa Amaral de. "Influence of processing parameters on the generation and propagation of electrically active crystalline defects in monolike silicon." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI021.
Повний текст джерелаThe new generation of directionally solidified “monolike” Si ingots presents an attractive alternative to high-cost monocrystals for the manufacture of high performance solar cells with advanced architecture. However, local zones with high densities of dislocations still affect the overall solar cell efficiency.In the present work, the mechanisms of formation of dislocations structures during monolike growth and their influence on the electrical properties of the material were analyzed, and practical conclusions were drawn for the improvement of the process.Pilot scale crystal growth experiments were performed with varying parameters related to seed pavement and seed recycling, crystallographic orientation of the growth, and doping with a strengthening element (Ge). Complementary annealing and 4-point bending tests at high temperature were used to analyze the influence of stress level and time under stress.Advanced structural characterization of dislocations structures was performed by synchrotron X-ray imaging. Behind the growth front, dislocations organize in cellular patterns which correspond to a quasi-stationary creep stage, reached in the solid after long time under stress at high temperature. Dislocations that emerge at the growth front develop, from local sources, cone-shaped misoriented domains, which present increasing tilt around the growth axis and expand laterally as growth proceeds. Characterization by LBIC and Photoluminescence showed that these defects have the highest recombination activities. The sources of these defects located at the seed ingot interface can be suppressed by proper choice of seeds orientations and arrangement. However, another source is bunching of dislocations at the growth front under the higher stresses upper in the ingot.In <110> and <112> grown ingots, dislocation bunching was not observed inside the monocrystalline parts, which shows an advantage of these orientations over <100>. On another hand, twins and sub-grain boundaries propagated from higher angle grain boundaries with these growth directions, and further studies are needed to prevent the generation of such defects. Finally, Ge doping was effective to reduce dislocations multiplication in bending under low stresses. However, its application to crystal growth will require a planar growth interface, and forced melt mixing to avoid Ge radial segregation. New researches inspired by the addition of strengthening elements are now in development
Alam, Giri Wahyu. "Influence of seeding and growth conditions on grain selection, defects, and properties of high-performance multi-crystalline silicon (HPmc-Si)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0711/document.
Повний текст джерелаAmong new bulk silicon PV materials, HPmc-Si is one to be considered due its higher conversion efficiency compared to mc-Si solar PV. This research work aims at understanding the influence of the seeding materials and growth conditions on HPmc-Si ingots (dislocations and impurities). Five ingots were grown, and two types of seeding materials are compared to study the grain structure, the electrical properties and the conversion efficiency of solar cells. The initial growth region up to 50 mm is directly linked to the seed layer properties which are dependent on the melting segment parameters. The growth parameters take control on the grain structure after the seed affected region. The growth parameters studied modify little the characteristics of HPmc-Si ingots and the solar cell conversion efficiency. Low carrier lifetimeareas determine the conversion efficiency and they can mainly be associated to the grain size, besides metallic impurities. The grain competition is very dynamic to suppress defective grains and to maintain smaller grain size variation, homogeneous grain size and properties being the most important characteristic of HPmc-Si ingots
Furfari, Domenico. "Short track growth from artificial defects in Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al : a study using optical techniques for crack measurements and detection." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427204.
Повний текст джерелаLow, Adrian Kah Wai Clinical School Prince of Wales Hospital Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "The molecular biology of cancellous bone defects and oestrogen deficiency fractures, in rodents; and the in vivo effects of acid on bone healing." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Clinical School - Prince of Wales Hospital, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42884.
Повний текст джерелаCiechonski, Rafal. "Growth and characterization of SiC and GaN." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Materiefysik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10314.
Повний текст джерелаTcacencu, Ion. "Regenerative medicine of the airway cartilage : a morphological and immunohistochemical study with focus on cricoid cartilage defects treated with BMP 2 /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-345-0/.
Повний текст джерелаEkström, Emanuel. "Impact of Milling and Sintering on Growth of WC Grains in Liquid Co - and an evaluation of existing growth theories." Thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4591.
Повний текст джерелаCemented carbides (WC-Co) are powder metallurgical products produced by liquid phase sintering. WC-Co is widely used for making a large variety of cutting tools, such as drills and inserts turning applications, due to its great mechanical properties, where the hardness of the WC grains is combined with the toughness of the of the Co binder. WC grain size and grain size distribution are the two most important factors to control the mechanical properties of the products.
This study examined the grain growth dependence of different milling and sintering times. The resulting grain size and grain size distribution were measured using image analysis on scanning electron microscopy images (SEM) and by using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). In addition, the correlation between hardness and coercivity, the most common indirect measures of grain size, and different methods of calculating average grain radius were investigated. An attempt was also made to study the contribution of defects to grain growth. This work also includes an overview of various grain growth equations and a numerical implementation of these.
Experimental results show that for shorter sintering times, powders milled for short times (15 min and 1 h) have larger average grain radii. There is a crossover after 6 to 8 h of sintering, where the powders milled for a long time (40 h and 200 h), have larger average radii. The measured hardness values correlate well with the average grain radius calculated from the grain surface area and the coercivity correlates with the established equations. EBSD measurements detected boundaries that could not be detected by image analysis, and that were not Sigma 2 boundaries. It is likely that these boundaries are either low energy boundaries or boundaries between grains that are very closely oriented. Comparing heat-treated powder with the untreated resulted in a lower average grain size after sintering for the heat-treated powder. None of the growth equations investigated in this work could fully describe the experimental grain growth.
Through increased understanding of the grain growth, the growth can be controlled and the end product can have the desired tool properties. The occurrence of abnormal grains in cutting tool applications can cause breakage, which is especially important to avoid in applications such as PCB drills. A correlation between hardness and grain size provides further means for cheap and fast indirect measures of the grain size in production.
Hårdmetall är ett pulvermetallurgiskt material som tillverkas genom smältfassintring och som kännetecknas av hårdhet, styvhet och god slitstyrka. Volframkarbidens (WC) kornstorlek och kornstorleksfördelning är två viktiga faktorer för att kontrollera de mekaniska egenskaperna i hårdmetall.
I den här studien har korntillväxtens beroende på malning och sintring undersökts. WC-Co maldes och sintrades fyra olika tider och kornstorleksfördelningen mättes med bildanalys på svepelektronmikroskopbilder samt med ``electron backscatter diffraction'' (EBSD). I arbetet har även korrelationen mellan hårdhet, koercivitet och olika sätt att beräkna medelkornstorleken undersökts. Ett försök har också genomförts för att studera hur defekterna i det malda pulvret påverkar korntillväxten. I arbetet har även ett flertal olika tillväxtekvationer modellerats numeriskt och för och nackdelar med de olika tillväxtekvationerna har vägts mot varandra.
En lång maltid (40 h och 200 h) visade sig ge liten kornstorlek för sintring kortare än 6 h, men för sintringar längre än 8 h gav istället kort malning (15 min och 1 h) den mindre kornstorleken. Det visade sig att uppmätt hårdhet korrelerar bäst med den medelkornstorleksradie som räknats fram från kornytan. I EBSD mätningarna kunde man observera ett flertal korngränser, utöver Sigma 2 korngränser, som inte hade detekterats med bildanalys. Värmebehandlingen av det malda pulvret minskade korntillväxten under efterföljande sintring. Ingen av de undersökta tillväxtekvationerna kunde beskriva de experimentella resultaten fullt ut.
Genom ökad förståelse för korntillväxt kan man kontrollera tillväxten och slutprodukten kan få önskade egenskaper. Förekomsten av abnorm korntillväxt i skärverktyg i hårdmetall är en av de vanligaste kritiska defekterna och det är speciellt viktigt är undvika korntillväxt i tillverkning av små verktyg, som till exempel kretskortsborrar. Hårdhet och koercivitet är de vanligaste indirekta mätmetoderna för att mäta kornstorlek i produktion. En bra korrelation mellan kornstorlek och indirekta mätmetoder ger utökade verktyg för snabba och billiga mätningar.
Schmid, Ekaterina. "Einfluss der Züchtungsbedingungen auf die Eigenschaften von mc-Si-Kristallen." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-199263.
Повний текст джерелаHan, Lu. "Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Silica Mesoporous Crystals Cationic Surfactant and Co-structure Directing Agent System /." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-38398.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Melissa. "Defining Fluid Restriction in the Management of Infants Following Cardiac Surgery and Understanding the Subsequent Impact on Nutrient Delivery and Growth Outcomes." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1844.
Повний текст джерелаForsberg, Daniel. "Warp, in particular twist, of sawn wood of Norway spruce (Picea abies) /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5853-6.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMorco, Stephanie Renee. "Characterizing Bacterial Resistance and Microstructure-Related Properties of Carbon-Infiltrated Carbon Nanotube Surface Coatings with Applications in Medical Devices." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8909.
Повний текст джерелаRutkowski, Mitchell M. "Growth Parameter Dependence and Correlation of Native Point Defects and Dielectric Properties in BaxSr1-xTiO3 Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366299175.
Повний текст джерелаFernando, Joseph F. S. "Crystal seeding and photochemistry of gold-zinc oxide hybrid nanoparticles." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101206/1/Joseph_Fernando_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTölli, H. (Hanna). "Reindeer-derived bone protein extract in the healing of bone defects:evaluation of various carrier materials and delivery systems." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514296611.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Luun paraneminen vaatii erilaisia proteiineja ja kasvutekijöitä. Jos elimistö ei pysty tuottamaan riittävää määrää näitä tekijöitä, luumurtuma ei parane luonnollisesti vaan vaatii hoitoa, jossa murtuma alueelle viedään tarvittavia kasvutekijöitä. Kasvutekijät kiinnitetään tarkoituksenmukaiseen kantaja-aineeseen, jonka avulla kasvutekijöiden vapautumista ja toimintaa voidaan säädellä. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli arvioida ja optimoida erilaisissa eläinmalleissa porosta eristetyn luuproteiiniuutteen kantaja-ainesysteemien toimivuutta. Testatut kantaja-ainemateriaalit olivat kollageenihuopa ja bioaktiivinen lasirae. Näitä testattiin useilla luuproteiiniannoksilla, ja mallina oli rotan reisiluun kriittisen koon murtuma. Hiiren reisilihasmallilla testattiin kalsiumsuolayhdistelmiä (beta trikalsiumfosfaatti (β-TCP), hydroksiapatiitti ja kalsiumsulfaatti) tablettina ja pellettinä. Lampaan reisi- ja olkaluiden reikämurtumamallilla testattiin erilaisia β-TCP-rakeita yhdistettynä polyetyleenistä, glyserolista ja steariinihaposta valmistettuun geeliin. Kontrollisryhmistä toinen sisälsi kantaja-aineen ilman luuproteiiniuutetta, toisessa ryhmässä murtuma jätettiin kokonaan hoitamatta. Lammaskokeessa verrattiin lisäksi omaluusiirteen ja demineralisoidun luumateriaalin (DBM) toimivuutta verrattuna poron luuproteiiniuutteeseen. Uudisluun muodostuminen, murtuman paraneminen ja kantaja-aineen hajoaminen arvioitiin natiiviröntgenillä, perifeerisellä tietokonetomografialla (pQCT), mekaanisin testein, histologisesti ja mikro-CT:llä. Luuproteiiniuutetta sisältäneillä ryhmillä oli luun paraneminen ja kantaja-aineen hajoaminen merkittävästi parempaa kuin uutetta sisältämättömillä ryhmillä. Uudisluun muodostuminen oli suurempaa korkeammilla annoksilla ja pitemmillä seuranta-ajoilla. Suurin uudisluun muodostus mitattiin ryhmillä, joissa luuproteiiniuute oli heti käytettävissä implantoinnin jälkeen. Tämä osoittaa, että varsinkin murtuman paranemisen alkuvaiheissa tarvitaan luuta muodostavia kasvutekijöitä riittävinä pitoisuuksina. Mikro-CT-analyysit osoittivat, että luuproteiiniuuttetta sisältäneet ryhmät olivat verrannollisia omaluusiirrehoidolle. Vähiten uudisluuta havaittiin DBM ja tyhjäreikäryhmissä. Tutkimus osoittaa, että poron luuproteiiniuutetta erilaisten kantajamateriaalien kanssa voidaan käyttää parantamaan luun muodostumista. Erityisesti epäorgaaninen kantajamateriaali steariinihapon kanssa on yksi soveltuvimmista vaihtoehdoista luu-uutteelle. Kehitelty pastamutoinen lääkinnällinen laite, joka sisälsi poron luuproteiiniuutteen ja kalsiumsuolakantaja-aineen, osoittautui vaihtoehdoksi omaluusiirrehoidolle
Wagner, Rebecca. "Local Structural and Optical Characterization of Photonic Crystals by Back Focal Plane Imaging and Spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-164382.
Повний текст джерелаBarbay, Cyrille. "Films de diamant monocristallin dopés au bore pour des applications en électronique de puissance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS510/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD aims to synthetize boron doped single-crystal diamond epilayers by Micro-Wave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD) as active layers for power electronic devices. This work was performed in relation with the European H2020 Greendiamond project. A powerful Ar/O₂ plasma etching was optimized which allows the efficient elimination of defects in the subsurface of HPHT diamond substrates as confirmed by High Resolution X-ray Diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Cathodoluminescence. This step proved to be crucial for the improvement of low boron doped-diamond layers carrier properties for electronic purposes.The optimization of growth conditions performed on low boron-doped diamond layers (<10¹⁶ at.cm⁻³) enabled the synthesis of high quality doped layers, 5 µm thick. The structural and transport properties of these layers were correlated by different techniques: Raman spectroscopy, Cathodoluminescence, X-Ray Topography, SEM imaging of defects, Transient Current Technique, Hall measurements.Finally, low boron doped epilayers were integrated with success in electronic devices such as MESFET or Schottky diodes
Lerm, Frederik Johannes. "A method for three-dimensional stem analysis and its application in a study on the occurrence of resin pockets in Pinus patula." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80082.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Information on the external shape and internal properties of a tree such as the branch structure, tree ring widths and formation, and defects such as resin pockets is important for many forest –and wood science researchers as well as for the forest and wood processing industries. Resin pockets are internal defects associated with some softwood species, and are undesirable in some wood applications such as furniture and veneer. A tool that is often used in research to obtain this information is the Computed Tomography scanner. The high cost of the scanner, as well as the cost of transporting logs to the scanner, limits the application range of this equipment. An alternative, lower cost method would be beneficial for many researchers interested in tree shape and macroscopic internal tree characteristics. The objectives of this study were to: - Design, construct and test a mobile system that can be used in field to obtain a three‐dimensional model of a log or tree stem indicating selected macroscopic internal characteristics and, - Interpret results to explain the occurrence and causes of resin pockets in Pinus patula from the Mpumalanga escarpment, South Africa. A system for dissecting and measuring trees in field was designed, constructed and tested. The metal frame was used to cut a stationary, fixed log into discs and obtain digital images of crosssections along the stem axis. The frame was capable of processing logs with maximum dimensions of 3 m in length and 45 cm in diameter. Software was developed to convert the digital images into three‐dimensional models of logs and trees to demonstrate properties such as the external shape of the trees, branch structure and pith location. Properties such as ring width were measured from the images obtained. The study was conducted in the Mpumalanga escarpment to obtain three‐dimensional models of Pinus patula trees and to establish the reason for formation of resin pockets in these trees. Four 3 m logs from twenty‐four trees from three compartments were dissected and digitally reconstructed into three‐dimensional models. A total of 61 cross sections with resin pockets were identified from the 2750 cross cut images taken 20 cm apart along the longitudinal axis of the log. It was not possible to accept or reject conclusively any of the existing hypotheses for the cause of resin pocket formation. The formation of Type 2 resin pockets was most probably due to felling damage during thinning operations. It seems likely that wind damage and possibly insects might be responsible for the formation of Type 1 resin pockets.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kennis in verband met die interne eienskappe van ‘n boom soos takeienskappe, jaarringwydte en vorm, en harsholtes is belangrik vir sommige bos ‐en houtkundige navorsers. Die toerusting wat huidiglik algemeen gebruik word om inligting van hierdie aard te bekom is ‘n CT skandeerder. Die metode is egter duur as gevolg van hoë kapitale koste van die toerusting sowel as die vervoerkoste van stompe na die CT‐fasiliteit. ‘n Meer ekonomiese alternatief sal vir baie navorsers van waarde wees. Harsholtes in hout lei tot afgradering van hout en fineer. Die doel van die studie was twee‐sydig: - Om ‘n stelsel te ontwerp en bou wat ‘n drie‐dimensionele model van ‘n boom kan skep wat sommige makroskopiese, interne eienskappe weergee, en - Om die voorkoms en oorsaak van harsholtes in Pinus Patula van die Mpumalanga platorand te ondersoek. ‘n Raam is ontwerp en vervaardig wat in die plantasie gebruik word. Die raam kan stompe van tot drie meter lengte met ‘n maksimale diameter van 45 cm hanteer. Die raam is gebruik om snitte deur die stompe te maak, ‘n afstandmeting tot by die gesaagde oppervlak word deur ‘n lasermeter geneem en ‘n kamera neem ‘n foto. Sagteware word dan gebruik vir die uitkenning van sekere dele in elke beeld sowel as die samestelling van ‘n drie‐dimensionele model. Data‐insameling met die raam is in Mpumalanga gedoen. Die raam is in die tydperk getoets en het goed gefunksioneer. Vier stompe elk vanaf vier‐en‐twintig bome vanuit drie afsonderlike kompartemente is verwerk op die raam en volledige drie‐dimensionele modelle geskep vir hierdie bome insluitend hul eksterne vorm, takeienskappe en pitvorm (“pith location”). Ongeveer 2750 foto’s van dwarssnitte is tydens data‐insameling geneem. Net 61 van die foto’s het harsholtes bevat. Geen definitiewe oorsaak van harsholtes kon bepaal word nie. Tipe 2 harsholtes word waarskynlik as gevolg van skade tydens uitdunning van bome gevorm. Wind en insekte lyk na die mees waarskynlike oorsake van Tipe 1 harsholtes.
Wells, George Henry. "Growth and defect formation in graphene." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11616/.
Повний текст джерелаBarsoum, Zuheir. "Residual Stress Analysis and Fatigue Assessment of Welded Steel Structures." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Farkost och flyg, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4687.
Повний текст джерелаSTOUTAMIRE, SARAH K. "PATTERNS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS IN THE SKELETAL REMAINS OF JUVENILES FROM TUMULI AT LOFKËND AND APOLLONIA, ALBANIA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1191603555.
Повний текст джерелаMarcaccini, Andréa Márcia. "Avaliação do plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento de defeitos ósseos e lesões periodontais de furca grau II. Estudos histológico e histomorfométrico em cães /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104747.
Повний текст джерелаBanca: Joni Augusto Cirelli
Banca: Enilson Antonio Sallum
Banca: Luis Carlos Spolidorio
Banca: Paulo Tambasco de Oliveira
Resumo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o efeito de biomateriais associados ao PRP na formação óssea em defeitos padronizados de rádio e avaliar o efeito de PRP+RTG+enxerto ósseo autógeno para tratamento de lesões de furca grau II em cães. Para tal, em um primeiro estudo, foram confeccionados 5 defeitos de 5mm em cada rádio (direito e esquerdo) em 05 cães, constituindo assim espaços para preenchimento com os enxertos ou substitutos ósseos avaliados, totalizando 50 cavidades. Os materiais testados foram DFDBA, vidro bioativo, osso autógeno e osso mineral bovino, associados ou não ao PRP. Estes grupos foram avaliados e comparados com os grupos representados por coágulo sangüíneo e PRP. Ao final de 60 dias, foi realizada biópsia e preparo laboratorial para avaliação histológica e histomorfométrica. Os grupos que apresentaram melhores resultados foram coágulo, PRP e osso autógeno associado ou não a PRP; e a utilização do PRP não promoveu maior formação óssea em relação aos demais grupos, com exceção do vidro bioativo+PRP que apresentou os melhores resultados. No segundo estudo, foram criados cirurgicamente defeitos periodontais de furca nos quartos pré-molares mandibulares, bilateralmente em 5 cães, cronificados por um período de três meses e tratados por PRP/RTG/enxerto ósseo autógeno (grupo experimental) ou RTG/enxerto ósseo autógeno (grupo controle). Quatro meses após o tratamento, os cães foram sacrificados. Na área de furca, houve maior preenchimento ósseo e extensão linear de novo cemento, nova adaptação conjuntiva e regeneração periodontal no grupo experimental (p<0.005) e maior extensão linear de epitélio no grupo controle (p<0.005). A associação do PRP a RTG e enxerto ósseo autógeno proporcionou maior regeneração dos tecidos periodontais. Portanto, o PRP promoveu melhores resultados na formação óssea somente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).
Abstract: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of biomaterials in association to PRP on bone formation, in padronized defects of radius, and evaluate the effect of PRP/GTR/autogenous bone graft in the treatment of Class II furcation lesions in dogs. For that, in a first study, five defects of 5mm each were produced in each radius (left and right) in 5 dogs, so creating spaces to be filled with grafts or the bone substitutes under study, totalling 50 cavities. The biomaterials tested were DFDBA, bioglass, autogenous bone and bovine mineral bone grafts, associated, or not, with PRP. These biomaterials were compared with coagulum and PRP. At the end of 60 days biopsy was done and histological laminas were prepared. Under the experimental condictions, coagulum, PRP and autogenous bone associated or not to PRP presented the best results, with more new bone formation; and no difference was observed between the groups with biomaterials, associated or not with PRP, excepting bioactive glass/PRP which showded the best results. In the second study, periodontal furcation defects were surgically produced bilaterally in the fourth mandibular premolars in 5 dogs, cronified for 3 months and treated with PRP/GTR/autogenous bone graft (experimental group) or GTR/autogenous bone graft (control group). Four months after the treatment, the dogs were sacrified. In the furcation area, more bone filling and linear extension of new cement, new conjunctive adaptation and periodontal regeneration were observed to occur in the experimental group (p<0.005) and more linear extension of epitelium in the control group (p<0.005). The association PRP/GTR/autogenous bone graft was observed to produce more regeneration of periodontal tissues. Therefore, the PRP association showed the best results in bone formation only at bioactive glass group; and... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Doutor
Kearns, Joel K. "Origin Of Growth Twins During Czochralski Growth Of Heavily Doped, Dislocation-Free Single Crystal Silicon." Digital WPI, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/514.
Повний текст джерелаMarcaccini, Andréa Márcia [UNESP]. "Avaliação do plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento de defeitos ósseos e lesões periodontais de furca grau II. Estudos histológico e histomorfométrico em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104747.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o efeito de biomateriais associados ao PRP na formação óssea em defeitos padronizados de rádio e avaliar o efeito de PRP+RTG+enxerto ósseo autógeno para tratamento de lesões de furca grau II em cães. Para tal, em um primeiro estudo, foram confeccionados 5 defeitos de 5mm em cada rádio (direito e esquerdo) em 05 cães, constituindo assim espaços para preenchimento com os enxertos ou substitutos ósseos avaliados, totalizando 50 cavidades. Os materiais testados foram DFDBA, vidro bioativo, osso autógeno e osso mineral bovino, associados ou não ao PRP. Estes grupos foram avaliados e comparados com os grupos representados por coágulo sangüíneo e PRP. Ao final de 60 dias, foi realizada biópsia e preparo laboratorial para avaliação histológica e histomorfométrica. Os grupos que apresentaram melhores resultados foram coágulo, PRP e osso autógeno associado ou não a PRP; e a utilização do PRP não promoveu maior formação óssea em relação aos demais grupos, com exceção do vidro bioativo+PRP que apresentou os melhores resultados. No segundo estudo, foram criados cirurgicamente defeitos periodontais de furca nos quartos pré-molares mandibulares, bilateralmente em 5 cães, cronificados por um período de três meses e tratados por PRP/RTG/enxerto ósseo autógeno (grupo experimental) ou RTG/enxerto ósseo autógeno (grupo controle). Quatro meses após o tratamento, os cães foram sacrificados. Na área de furca, houve maior preenchimento ósseo e extensão linear de novo cemento, nova adaptação conjuntiva e regeneração periodontal no grupo experimental (p<0.005) e maior extensão linear de epitélio no grupo controle (p<0.005). A associação do PRP a RTG e enxerto ósseo autógeno proporcionou maior regeneração dos tecidos periodontais. Portanto, o PRP promoveu melhores resultados na formação óssea somente... .
The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of biomaterials in association to PRP on bone formation, in padronized defects of radius, and evaluate the effect of PRP/GTR/autogenous bone graft in the treatment of Class II furcation lesions in dogs. For that, in a first study, five defects of 5mm each were produced in each radius (left and right) in 5 dogs, so creating spaces to be filled with grafts or the bone substitutes under study, totalling 50 cavities. The biomaterials tested were DFDBA, bioglass, autogenous bone and bovine mineral bone grafts, associated, or not, with PRP. These biomaterials were compared with coagulum and PRP. At the end of 60 days biopsy was done and histological laminas were prepared. Under the experimental condictions, coagulum, PRP and autogenous bone associated or not to PRP presented the best results, with more new bone formation; and no difference was observed between the groups with biomaterials, associated or not with PRP, excepting bioactive glass/PRP which showded the best results. In the second study, periodontal furcation defects were surgically produced bilaterally in the fourth mandibular premolars in 5 dogs, cronified for 3 months and treated with PRP/GTR/autogenous bone graft (experimental group) or GTR/autogenous bone graft (control group). Four months after the treatment, the dogs were sacrified. In the furcation area, more bone filling and linear extension of new cement, new conjunctive adaptation and periodontal regeneration were observed to occur in the experimental group (p<0.005) and more linear extension of epitelium in the control group (p<0.005). The association PRP/GTR/autogenous bone graft was observed to produce more regeneration of periodontal tissues. Therefore, the PRP association showed the best results in bone formation only at bioactive glass group; and... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).