Дисертації з теми "Growing plants"
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Murphy, Carrie June. "Greenhouse production of microgreens growth media, fertilization and seed treatments /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.32 Mb., 89 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1435839.
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Poli, Delci Magalhães. "Leitos cultivados utilizando crostas de eletrofusão da bauxita." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286836.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: José Teixeira FilhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T23:02:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Poli_DelciMagalhaes._M.pdf: 7037560 bytes, checksum: a3c49fdccdd6e0ddac9ecf51ba79b687 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: O trabalho foi desenvolvido no campo experimental da Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, posição geográfica definida pelas coordenadas 22° 53' 22" LS e 47° 044' 39" LW. O estudo procurou verificar se a utilização de crostas de eletrofusão da bauxita como substrato, em leitos cultivados construídos ou "Constructeds Wetlands" com os vegetais aquáticos emergentes Typha sp, Canna limbata e Cyperus prolifer, interfere na dinâmica do pH, fósforo e nitrogênio presentes em águas residuárias domésticas. Foram utilizados 6 tanques artificiais, sendo constituído por 3 séries de duas unidades, com fluxo vertical e saídas subsuperficiais, nominados por série Typha, leitos 3.1 e 3.2; série Canna, leitos 2.1 e 2.2; série Cyperus 1.1 e 1.2 e preenchidos com crostas de eletrofusão da Bauxita. A dimensão de cada tanque é de 4 metros de comprimento por 3 metros de largura por 1 metro de altura, totalizando 12 m³. Em cada uma das séries foram plantados os vegetais Typha sp, Canna limbata e Cyperus prolifer respectivamente. O período de monitoramento foi de setembro de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010. O desempenho do foi avaliado considerando o desenvolvimento dos vegetais, quantidades e qualidades químicas das águas residuárias. As águas foram coletadas semanalmente, em dias aleatórios, nas entradas e saídas dos tanques durante o período monitorado; os vegetais foram colhidos, somente uma vez, no final do período. As vazões médias diárias e os pH médios ocorridos no período monitorado, observados no afluente e nas saídas da série Typha foram 962 l/dia, 864 l/dia e 804 l/dia; os pH foram 6,9; 8,6 e 9,0. Na série Canna as vazões foram 954 l/dia, 797 l/dia e 735 l/dia; os pH foram 6,9; 9,2 e 9,3. Na série Cyperus as vazões foram 792 l/dia, 723 l/dia e 664 l/dia; os pH foram 6,9; 9,0 e 9,1. Os tempos de detenções hidráulicas, considerando os leitos nas séries citadas foram: 4,2 dias e 4,6 dias; 4,0 dias e 4,6 dias e 4,3 dias e 4,4 dias. As porcentagens médias de retenções de nitrogênio total nos leitos, considerando as massas que entraram, por intermédio dos afluentes, durante o período monitorado foram: a) Série Typha 27% e 19%; b) Série Canna 35% e 19%; c) Série Cyperus 32% e 21%. As remoções realizadas pelos vegetais foram: a) Série Typha 26% e 9%; b) Série Canna 42% e 11%; Série Cyperus 22% e 15%. Em relação ao fósforo, as porcentagens médias de retenções, considerando as massas que entraram nos leitos por meio dos afluentes, foram: a) Série Typha 70% e 31%; b) Série Canna 73 e 19%; Série Cyperus 74% e 27%. As remoções realizadas pelos vegetais foram: a) Série Typha 11% e 4%; b) Série Canna 17% e 4%; c) Série Cyperus 7% e 11%. As massas vegetais totais secas produzidas foram: a) Série Typha 39,9 Kg e 11.2 Kg; b) Série Canna 50,5 Kg e 26,4 Kg; Série c) Cyperus 24 Kg e 15 Kg. O estudo mostrou que o substrato promoveu alterações na eficiência e eficácia da retenção e remoção de nutriente, crescimentos dos vegetais, produção de matéria seca e qualidades da água efluente
Abstract: The study was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, geographical position defined by coordinates 22° 53' 22" LS and 47° 04' 39" LW. The study examined whether the use of bauxite electrofusion crusts, as a substrate in constructed wetlands with emergent vegetables Typha sp, Canna limbata and Cyperus prolifer, interferes on the dynamics of pH, phosphorus and nitrogen present in domestic wastewater. It was used 6 artificial beds, consisting of 3 sets of two units with vertical flow and subsurface outflows, nominated by Typha series, 3.1 and 3.2 beds; series Canna, 2.1 and 2.2 beds, series Cyperus, 1.1 and 1.2 and filled with Bauxite electrofusion crusts. The size of each bed was 4 meters long by 3 meters wide by 1 meter high, totaling 12 m³. In each series the vegetables Typha sp, Canna limbata and Cyperus prolifer were planted respectively. The monitoring period was from September 2009 to February 2010. The performance was evaluated considering the development of plants, the chemical quantities and qualities of wastewater. The waters were collected weekly, on random days, at the entrances and exits of the beds during the monitoring period; the plants were harvested only once, at the end of each period. The average daily flow rates and average pH occurred during this period, observed in the tributary and the outflow of the series Typha were 962 l/day, 864 l/day and 804 l/day, the pH were 6.9, 8.6 and 9.0. In the series Canna flow rates were 954 l/day, 797 l/day and 735 l/day, the pH were 6.9, 9.2 and 9.3. In the series Cyperus flow rates were 792 l/day, 723 l/day and 664 l/day, the pH were 6.9, 9.0 and 9.1. The hydraulic detention time, considering the beds in the series cited were 4.2 days and 4.6 days, 4.0 days and 4.6 days and 4.3 days and 4.4 days. The average percentage of total nitrogen retention in the beds, considering the masses that came through the tributaries during the monitoring period was: a) Series Typha 27% e19% b) Series Canna 35% and 19%, c) Series Cyperus 32% and 21%. The removals conducted by the plants were : a) Series Typha 26% and 9%, b) Series Canna 42% and 11%; Series Cyperus 22% and 15%. Regarding the phosphorus, the average percentage of retention, considering the masses that entered the bed through the tributaries was: a) Series Typha 70% and 31%, b) Canna Series 73 and 19%; Series Cyperus 74% and 27 %. The removals conducted by the plant were: a) Series Typha 11% and 4%, b) Series Canna 17% and 4%, c) Cyperus Series 7% and 11%. The total dry plant mass produced were: a) Series Typha 39.9 Kg is 11.2 Kg b) Series Canna 50.5 kg is 26.4 kg; Series c) Cyperus 24 Kg is 15 Kg. The study has shown that the substrate promoted changes in the efficiency and effectiveness of nutrient removal and retention, growth of vegetables, dry material production and quality of effluent water
Mestrado
Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial
Mestre em Geografia
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Rossouw, Alex. "The marketability of small scale hydroponic systems for the horticultural industry in South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2539.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MTech (Horticultural Science))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Hydroponics, i.e. plant cultivation in mineral-rich water is a synergy between plant, human, and machine. For decades the hydroponic garden has been offered on horticultural markets, and was repeatedly innovated to better meet consumer horticultural needs. Currently, platform convergences with electronic control systems can possibly enable more efficient products for direct consumer hydroponic cultivation. This means that, like many appliances in the home; hydroponic plant cultivation can become somewhat automated. Marketing and product innovation can help calibrate optimal New Product Development NPD of hydroponic gardens for people. The literature review grasps how consumers are subjected to a changing environment together with changing technology such as hydroponics, plant nutrition, and even garden automation. Market research frameworks namely Morphological Analysis (MA) and Conjoint Analysis (CA) are the tools deployed here for profiling and prioritising these products for horticultural consumers. Firstly, a qualitative analysis identifies conceptual sets for structures, inputs, and controls, which all harmonise into new intersections cultivation, hydroponics, and automation and the e-garden concepts. The MA next produces, and organises secondary data into constraints for the CA. Here, general hydroponic cultivation is first decomposed into all its many component parts which collectively describe the whole, where these parts are then classed along various attributes namely: garden plane xA, automation xB, performance xC, organics xD, and price xE So garden plane is composed of level and vertical gardens, garden automation is composed of manual and automatic gardens, garden performance is composed of casual and high-performance gardens, garden organics is composed of non-organic and organic gardens, and garden price although quantitative is simply composed of R2500 and R5000. These classes of attributed data can now become treated as categorical factors using indicator or dummy variables. Secondly, the CA determines how these attributes are most preferred by horticultural consumers at garden centre clusters. This involves measuring respondent preferences levels, to compute the part-worth utility for each attribute found in the MA. Factors such as garden organics, price, and automation hold adjusted alpha significance. Mainly, garden organics contributed to response effects, while price has negative slope and is second, while automation comes third. A combination of garden automation and organics is found to optimise consumer utility for Hydroponic Garden(s) HG.This research illuminates how horticultural consumers may prefer various HG, by understanding HG and how they can better benefit these people.
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Cochran, Diana Renae. "Various weed control techniques in container nursery production." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Theses/COCHRAN_DIANA_27.pdf.
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Steiner, Sarah King. ""Growing like the Plants from Unseen Roots": The Equalizing Role of Plant Imagery in Aurora Leigh." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Plant imagery abounds in Elizabeth Barrett Browning's novel-poem, Aurora Leigh, and critical readings have not thoroughly explored the meaning of and intent behind that imagery. Plant metaphor and images in Aurora Leigh are used to challenge the concept of Victorian women's inherently inferior "nature" and to present an argument for female equality. When traced throughout the work, plant imagery foreshadows Aurora and Marian's ultimate personal independence and familial harmony and helps the reader to understand the poem's controversial ending. Ties to three of Browning's literary influences in the selection of plant images are explored: Emanuel Swedenborg, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Each of these three understood and used nature imagery to significant effect in their own writings, and Browning adopted and developed those images in her work.
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Leda, Carol E. "Iron and manganese requirements of containerized plants growing in pine bark." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91043.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Three species of woody plants, Ilex crenata 'Helleri', Juniperus chinensis procumbens 'Nana', and Ligustrum lucidum, were grown in one-liter containers filled with pine bark to determine Fe and Mn requirements with regard to rate and ratio. FeEDTA and MnEDTA were applied at either a 2:1 or 1:2 ratio of Fe:Mn at 5 concentrations each, 3 times per week with each irrigation. Medium solutions were collected every 21 days on one species and analyzed for Fe and Mn levels. Dry weight and tissue Fe and Mn levels were determined for all three species. Neither rate nor ratio of applied Fe and Mn had an effect on shoot dry weights. Control treatments, in general, had the lowest medium solution and tissue levels of Fe and Mn, however, there was no difference in dry weights between control and treatment plants. These results suggest that pine bark supplies adequate levels of Fe and Mn for growth under the conditions of this study.
In a second study, three sources of Fe and Mn were applied to Tagetes erecta 'Inca' growing in 500 cc plastic pots containing sieved pine bark at 3 lime rates: 0, 3, and 6 kg m⁻³. Sources of Fe and Mn were pre-plant Micromax, liquid sulfate salts, and liquid chelates applied in the irrigation water. No difference in growth between micronutrient sources was detected, however, growth was greater at the 3 and 6 kg m⁻³ lime rates. Levels of Fe and Mn in medium solution and tissue decreased with increasing lime rate, with availability of Fe and Mn greatest with chelate as the source, regardless of lime rate. A similar study was conducted with a control and liquid sulfate treatment. There was no difference in dry weight between the sulfate treatment and the control, except at 0 kg m⁻³ lime where the control plants were larger. Again, lime additions increased growth, and Fe and Mn availability in medium solution and tissue levels decreased. These results suggest that if Fe and Mn additions are needed, all sources provide adequate Fe and Mn for growth.M.S.
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Haque, Md Nazmul. "Screening the phytoremediation potential of native plants growing on mine tailings in Arizona, USA." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Jackson, Brian Eugene. "Cotton gin compost as an alternative substrate for horticultural crop production." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/master's/JACKSON_BRIAN_26.pdf.
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Hanes, Scott Burton Wright Amy Noelle. "Organic matter type affects growth and physiology of native plants planted above-grade." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1895.
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Wade, James C. "Summary of 1990 Estimated Cost of Growing Alfalfa." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/201020.
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Miller, Sam A. "Accelerating Production of Slow-Growing Intermountain West Native Plants by Modifying Their microclimate." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Water shortages are a recurring problem in the western US. As much as 70% of yearly municipal water consumption may be used to irrigate urban landscapes. Significant water savings can be realized by installing low water landscapes, where turfgrass is replaced by low water trees, shrubs, grasses, and perennials. Intermountain West (IMW) native trees and shrubs are excellent candidates for low water landscaping. However, due to their slow initial growth, many native trees and shrubs are simply unavailable to consumers, as they are not cost effective for nursery growers to produce. In an effort to accelerate the yearly growth rates of two IMW native species, Pinus monophylla and Mahonia fremontii, the potential of two growing methods was evaluated. A 30% reduction in radiation by shading and stabilizing root-zone temperatures with potin- pot were employed in an effort to decrease the extreme environmental impacts of temperature and intense sunlight. Shading caused a significant increase in the growth of M. fremontii when grown aboveground. P. monophylla growth was not affected by the use of shade. Neither species showed improved growth when grown pot-in-pot. The use of shade is effective in accelerating some native plants and not others. However, for plants such as M. fremontii, shading is beneficial and can be used to significantly accelerate nursery production.
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Pihlajaniemi, H. (Henna). "Success of micropropagated woody landscape plants under northern growing conditions and changing environment." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514260780.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract
Plant registration and selection work aimed at identifying the best genotypes for northern landscaping has been carried out in Finland since the 1980’s. In the University of Oulu Botanical Gardens, micropropagation methods have been developed for several woody plant taxa registered during the POHKAS (Northern Hardy Plants) project. Micropropagation is an effective method to conserve valuable genetic characteristics and to produce plantlets from woody species with limited mother stock material and in a limited time period.
In this study the long-term field phenology and success of 19 micropropagated shrub and tree taxa was followed in plant selection experiments. Experiments were conducted at four northern field sites presenting different climatic conditions. Of the phenological monitoring parameters, the onset of foliation and flowering in the field revealed a strong relation to spring time temperature, being obviously latest to occur in northernmost site. The gradient between southern and northern sites for autumn phenology was not so obvious. However, between the different genotypes, the greatest differences were observed in the timing of autumn colouration and defoliation. Winter hardiness also showed clear differences between genotypes. Of the success parameters, it was most decisive as winter hardy genotypes had a higher occurrence of flowers and ornamental appearance, for example in Rosa majalis ‘Tornedal’. Some of these hardy genotypes with known characteristics were introduced to northern tourism areas to create examples of sustainable landscaping. Further, a list of potential plants for different northern sites was compiled.
Special forms with both scientific and ornamental value are occasionally found in wild species. One example of this is the red-leaved form of a pubescent birch, Betula pubescens f. rubra, which was studied in the plant selection experiments, and was used as a model tree to evaluate the role of anthocyanins in northern plants in a case study of northern birches. In the case study, the red-leaved pubescent birch showed some differences in flavonoid responses and growth rate in comparison to Betula pubescens and Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii. Phenology of the B. p. f. rubra was corresponding to that of the B. pubescens.
For cultivated woody plants the most important selection criteria for the northern areas are the suitability to local climate i.e. timing of phenological events and winter hardiness. Foliar anthocyanins seem to increase adaptation to northern growing conditions with high light intensity and low temperature.
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Al, Yousuf Maryam. "Chemical and biological studies of some plants of the Labiatae family growing in the United Arab Emirates." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271447.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Traditional medicine is very popular in the United Arab Emirates. The present study is part of an active programme directed towards phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies on herbs used in folkloric medicine. Leucas inflata Benth, Salvia aegyptiaca L. and Teucrium stocksianum Boiss belonging to the family Labiatae were selected for this study. The coarsly powdered plant materials were extracted and the dried extracts were fractionated using different chromatographic procedures. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. The acetone extract of L. inflata afforded stigmasterol, the 3ß-glucoside of sitosterola nd a chromone( leucasone[ 2,8-dimethyl-(2,2-dimethylethenyl)-5,6-benzo-4 pyrone]). Also a number of coumarins were obtained: coumarsabin [4,7 dimethoxy-3,5 dimethylcoumarin], 8-methoxycoumarsabin[4 ,7,8 trimethoxy-3,5-dimethylcoumarin], siderin [4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl coumarin] and coumarleucasin [5-formyl-4,7,8- trimethoxy-3-methylc oumarin].L eucasonea ndc oumarleucasina re novel compounds. The acetone extract of S. aegyptiaca afforded oleanolic acid (3ß-hydroxy-olean- 12-en-28-oic acid), 3ß-hydroxy-oleana-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid, the 3ß-glucoside of sitosterol, ß-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Three novel diterpenoids were isolated (6- methyl-cryptoacetalide; epi-6-methyl-cryptoacetalide and 6-methylcryptotanshinone (14,16-epoxy-6-methyl-5(10), 6,8,13-abietatetraene-11,12-dione). In addition, the flavonoids 5-hydroxy-7,3', 4'-trimethoxyflavone and 5,6-dihydroxy-7,3', 4'-trimethoxyflavone were isolated. A number of compounds were isolated from the n -hexane extract of T. stocksianum: 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone, salvigenin (5- hydroxy-6,7,4'- trimethoxyflavone), oleanolic acid (3, ß-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid) and two diastereoisomeric sesquiterpenoids shiromool 1,10-epoxide (1ß, 10a; 4 ß, 5a-diepoxy-7a- H-germacran-6ß -ol) and shiromool 1,10-epoxide (1 a, 10 ß; 4 ß, 5 a -diepoxy-7a -Hgermacran- 6ß-ol). This is the first report of the two diastereoisomers as natural products, although the latter was previously produced as a synthetic product. The essential oils obtained by steam distillation of the aerial parts of T. stocksianum and S. aegyptiaca were analysed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-one components were identified in the oil samples of T. stocksianum. The major compounds were alpha-cadinol and delta-cadinene. S. aegyptiaca oil afforded twenty-six components and the most predominant constituents were beta-caryophyllene and gammamuurolene. The pharmacological studies of the methanol and acetone extracts of L. inflata on mice showed that they significantly and dose - dependently, reduced formalininduced pain, acetic acid -induced abdominal constrictions and increased the reaction time in the hot-plate test. Both extracts caused significant and dose-related impairment in the sensorimotor control of treated mice. Both extracts exhibited anti-inflammatory action by reducing paw edema of treated mice. The extracts did not significantly affect the rectal temperature of normothermic mice. However, they were effective in preventing Brewers yeast -induced pyrexia. It is concluded that the crude methanol and acetone extract of L. inflata has CNS depressant properties, manifested as antinociception and sedation. Both extracts have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic actions. The crude acetone and methanol extracts of S. aegyptiaca caused dose-related inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, and significantly reduced formalin-induced pain. Treatment with the extracts significantly increased the reaction time in the hot-plate test. In treated mice both extracts caused significant and doserelated impairment of the sensorimotor control. Treatment with both extracts did not significantly affect the rectal temperature of normothermic mice. The methanol extract (0.5 and 1.0 g/ Kg) did not affect the rectal temperature of hyperthermic mice, but the acetone extract was effective in significantly reducing the rectal temperature of hyperthermic mice. It is concluded that the crude methanol and acetone extract of S. aegyptiaca has CNS depressant properties, manifested as antinociception and sedation. Both extracts have some anti-inflammatory and antipyretic actions. Generally the acetone extract appeared to be slightly more effective than the methanol extract in this regard.
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Phuc, Bui Huy Nhu. "Tropical forages for growing pigs : digestion and nutritive value /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5755-6.pdf.
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Tam, Ho Yuen. "LRL genes are ancient regulators of tip-growing rooting cell development in land plants." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7bdf64dc-a00e-48e0-8343-c2d1469119c4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Evolution of developmental genes is an important mechanism for plant morphological evolution. The LRL genes are an ancient group of bHLH transcription factors that positively regulate root hair development in angiosperms. Here I show that, in the moss Physcomitrella patens, two LRL genes are present and they positively regulate rhizoid and caulonema (a rhizoid-like cell type) development. GUS-transcriptional reporter plants show that both PpLRL1 and PpLRL2 are expressed in tissues giving rise to caulonemata. Loss-of-function mutants in either PpLRL1 or PpLRL2 led to defective rhizoid and caulonema development, and the Pplrl1 Pplrl2 double loss-of-function mutants completely lack rhizoids and caulonemata. Consistent with this, gain-of-function mutants show enhanced rhizoid and caulonema development. In addition, I show that the stimulatory effects of auxin and low phosphate on the development of rhizoids and/or caulonemata required PpLRL gene function. Together, these results show that LRL genes are conserved, positive regulators in tip-growing rooting cell development in land plants. To elucidate whether LRL genes belong to part of a conserved gene network, I use qRT-PCR to determine the transcriptional interaction between LRL genes and the Class I RSL genes, which is another group of conserved regulators of rhizoids and root hairs. Comparing the LRL-RSL network between P. patens and A. thaliana reveals that LRL and Class I RSL genes are transcriptionally independent of each other in P. patens but one LRL gene is transcriptionally downstream of Class I RSL genes in A. thaliana. This suggests that the gene network controlling tip-growing rooting cell development has changed since mosses and angiosperms last shared a common ancestor.
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Wang, Hong. "IN VITRO culture of red clover (TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE L.) and evaluation of regenerated plants." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cvs 'Altaswede' (2n=2X=14) and 'Norseman' (2n=4X=28) were used in the present study to investigate tissue culture initiation, plant regeneration and the occurrence of somaclonal variation. Hypocotyl explants of aseptic seedlings were inoculated into L2 medium containing 0.06 mg/1 Picloram and 0.1 mg/1 benzyladenine for callus induction. Calli were usually induced after two weeks of culture. Callus induction frequency was 60% to 85% of the explants cultured with 'Altaswede' showing a slightly higher frequency than 'Norseman'. Satisfactory results were obtained under dark or light conditions using either test tubes or petri plates, as culture vessels.
After callus induction, an experiment was conducted to regulate shoot induction by subculturing the calli on L2 medium containing 0.01 mg/1 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid and 2 mg/1 adenine (LSE) and on B₅ medium containing 2 mg/1 naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mg/1 adenine, media which have been reported to be shoot-supportive. However, both media failed to initiate shoots under the present experimental conditions. Further tests confirmed that LSE medium did not induce shoots from these calli and that callus growth on LSE medium steadily deteriorated over several subcultures. Subsequently, various media were tested with an emphasis on different combinations of growth regulators. Root differentiation from these calli was frequently observed.
Shoots were initiated from some calli when they were transferred from SCP medium to media containing naphthalene acetic acid and kinetin. Embryogenic callus of one genotype was selected and maintained on LSP medium, leading to the regeneration of numerous plants. Supplementation with arginine, glutamic acid and casein hydrolysate did not show a significant effect on callus growth and differentiation. The source of callus influenced rates of growth and the occurrence of differentiation. Usually 'Norseman' calli grew faster and produced more roots than 'Altaswede' calli, while shoots were induced only from 'Altaswede' calli. Although 'Norseman' had more shoot tips induced to produce multiple shoots, the multiple shoot number per culture of 'Altaswede' was higher than that of 'Norseman'. Shoot tip cultures were also established to induce multiple shoots and to regenerate plants via root organogenesis.
Regenerants from initial multiple shoots (RG1), multiple shoots after two subcultures (RG2), three-month calli (RG3) and one-year calli (RG4) were evaluated for chromosome number stability, morphology and several biochemical traits. When 'Altaswede' plants were analysed for chromosome number, RG1 and RG3 plants were normal, while one RG2 plant and 23% of 119 RG4 plants had tetraploid chromosome numbers. Regenerated plants were quite stable regarding their isozyme patterns of malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase and shikimate dehydrogenase and their nodule leghaemoglobin profiles. Morphologically, the leaflet length to width ratio of RG1, RG2 and RG3 plants of 'Altaswede' showed significantly more variation than control plants (P≤0.01), while RG4 plants of 'Altaswede' and RG1 and RG2 plants of 'Norseman' were not different from control plants. It is suggested that the absence of detectable differences in the RG4 'Altaswede' plants was a consequence of their origin from one original genotype. Variability and stability of regenerated plants are discussed.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
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Romagnano, Joseph F. "Aeration and mode of nutrient delivery affects growth of peas in a controlled environment." Link to electronic thesis, 2004. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0121104-221651.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.Keywords: advanced life support; ethylene; carbon dioxide; pisum sativum; root hypoxia; oxygen; bioregenerative life support. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-57).
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Wade, James C. "Summary of 1990 Estimated Cost of Growing Wheat in Arizona." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/201346.
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Schuch, Ursula K., and Margaret Norem. "Growth of Legume Tree Species Growing in the Southwestern United States." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216550.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vegetative shoot growth of eleven legume tree species growing under field conditions in the Southwestern United States in Arizona were monitored over two periods of twelve months. Species included plants native to the Southwestern United States, Mexico, South America, and Australia. Based on shoot extension and branch differentiation species could be grouped into three categories. Fast growing legumes included Acacia farnesiana, A. pendula, Olneya tesota, Parkinsonia floridum, and Prosopis chilensis. Intermediate growth rates were monitored for A. jennerae, A. salicina, and A. visco. Slow growing species in this study included A. stenophylla, P. microphylla, and P. praecox. No buds, flowers, or pods were observed for P. microphylla, O. tesota, and P. chilensis during the study. Of the remaining species those native to the Americas flowered in spring and those native to Australia flowered in fall or winter.
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Boyer, Cheryl ReNee' Gilliam Charles Homer Fain Glenn Bradley. "Evaluation of clean chip residual as an alternative substrate for container-grown plants." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Horticulture/Dissertation/Boyer_Cheryl_22.pdf.
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Cruzado, Tafur Edith Maricela. "Assessment of accumulation of selected metals by native plants growing in polluted peruvian post-mining areas." Doctoral thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19152.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Metal mining is one of the economic pillars of the Peruvian economy. Peru is the main producer of gold, zinc, lead, and tin in Latin America and the second largest producer of copper, silver, and zinc worldwide. Despite its economic importance, mining has also left a plethora of Mining Environmental Liabilities (MEL) whose inadequate waste management represents a risk for both the environment and human health and is a common trigger of social problems. The Cajamarca región is the second región in Peru in terms of the number of MEL sites with the majority of them located in the Hualgayoc district.
The goal of the PhD project is the assessment of the environmental impact of MEL in the Peruvian Andes using as an example two post-mining sites in the Hualgayoc district. This evaluation includes the study of soils and native plant species in terms of their metal accumulation potential and the species involved in the process, in order to generate information on a possible use of Andean native plants for phytoremediation. The mineralogical composition of soils is dominated by illite, kaolinite, quartz, and jarosite. Soil analyses also reveals a high acidity, very low content of essential nutrients, and potentially toxic concentrations of Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Ag, and Zn out of the 34 analysed elements. Sequential fractionation soil analyses indicate that the highest content of the metals is in fractions with limitedmetal mobility. Soils are classified as extremely polluted according to several geochemical indexes, thus represent a serious risk to the local ecosystem.
The main part of the project concerns native Andean flora and contributes to their inventory with the identification of 22 plants belonging to 12 family species. The metal content in plant organs is correlated with that of the soil, in order to assess the phytoremediation potential of native plant species by establishing their metal bioaccumulation and translocation capabilities. Some plants are found to be potentially suitable for phytoremediation of Cd, Cu, and Zn but none of them for Pb, As, and Ag.
The speciation studies carried out by HPLC with parallel elemental (ICP) and molecular (ESI) mass spectrometricdetection allows the identification of the chemical species responsible for the translocation of Cu and Zn. Nicotianamine complexes are the major species of copper and zinc in organs of Arenaria digyna, Nicotiana thyrsiflora and Puya sp.; they are accompanied by deoxymutageneic acid complexes. In addition, a novel, never reported so far, dihydroxy-nicotianamine species was identified as the most abundant Cu and Zn ligand in Hypericum laricifolium.L'exploitation minière des métaux est l'un des piliers économiques de l'économie péruvienne. Le Pérou est le principal producteur d'or, de zinc, de plomb et d'étain d.Amérique latine et le deuxième producteur mondial de cuivre, d'argent et de zinc. Malgré son importance économique, l'exploitation minière a également laissé une pléthore de Responsabilités Environnementales Minières (REM) dont la gestion inadéquate des déchets représente un risque pour l'environnement et la santé humaine et est un déclencheur courant de problèmes sociaux. La région de Cajamarca est la deuxième région du Pérou en termes de nombre de sites REM, la majorité d'entre eux étant situés dans le district de Hualgayoc. L'objectif du projet de doctorat est l'évaluation de l'impact environnemental des REM dans les Andes péruviennes en utilisant comme exemple deux sites post-miniers dans le district de Hualgayoc. Cette évaluation comprend l'étude des sols et des espèces végétales indigènes en termes de potentiel d'accumulation des métaux et des espèces impliquées dans le processus, afin de générer des informations sur une éventuelle utilisation des plantes indigènes andines pour la phytoremédiation. La composition minéralogique des sols est dominée par l'illite, la kaolinite, le quartz et la jarosite. Les analyses de sol révèlent également une acidité élevée, une très faible teneur en nutriments essentiels et des concentrations potentiellement toxiques en Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Ag et Zn sur les 34 éléments analysés. Les analyses de sol par fractionnement séquentiel indiquent que la teneur la plus élevée en métaux se situe dans les fractions pour lesquelles la mobilité métallique est limitée. Selon plusieurs indices géochimiques, les sols sont classés comme extrêmement pollués et représentent ainsi un sérieux risque pour l'écosystème local. L'essentiel du projet concerne la flore andine indigène et contribue à leur inventaire avec l'identification de 22 plantes appartenant à 12 familles. La teneur en métaux des organes végétaux est corrélée à celle du sol, afin d'évaluer le potentiel de phytoremédiation des espèces végétales indigènes en établissant leurs capacités de bioaccumulation et de translocation des métaux. Certaines plantes se révélent être potentiellement appropriées pour la phytoremédiation du Cd, du Cu et du Zn, mais aucune d'entre elles pour le Pb, l'As et l'Ag. Les études de spéciation réalisées par HPLC avec détection par spectrométrie de masse parallèle élémentaire (ICP) et moléculaire (ESI) permettent d'identifier les espèces chimiques responsables de la translocation de Cu et Zn. Les complexes de nicotianamine sont les principales espèces de cuivre et de zinc dans les organes d'Arenaria digyna, de Nicotiana thyrsiflora et de Puya sp.; ils sont accompagnés de complexes d'acide désoxymutagénique. En outre, une nouvelle espèce de dihydroxy-nicotianamine, jamais signalée à ce jour, est identifiée comme le ligand Cu et Zn le plus abondant dans l.Hypericum laricifolium.
La minería metálica es uno de los pilares económicos de la economía peruana. Perú es el principal productor de oro, zinc, plomo y estaño de América Latina y es el segundo productor mundial de cobre, plata y zinc. A pesar de su importancia económica, la minería también ha dejado una gran cantidad de Pasivos Ambientales Mineros (PAM) cuya inadecuada gestión de residuos representa un riesgo tanto para el medio ambiente como para la salud humana y es un desencadenante habitual de problemas sociales. La región de Cajamarca es la segunda del Perú en número de PAM y la mayoría de ellos se encuentran en el distrito de Hualgayoc. El objetivo del proyecto de doctorado es la evaluación del impacto ambiental de PAM en los Andes peruanos utilizando como ejemplo dos emplazamientos post-mineros en el distrito de Hualgayoc. Esta evaluación incluye el estudio de los suelos y de las especies vegetales nativas en cuanto a su potencial de acumulación de metales y las especies involucradas en el proceso, con el fin de generar información sobre un posible uso de las plantas nativas andinas para fitorremediación. La composición mineralógica de los suelos está dominada por illita, caolinita, cuarzo y jarosita. Los análisis del suelo también revelan una elevada acidez, un contenido muy bajo de nutrientes esenciales y concentraciones potencialmente tóxicas de Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Ag y Zn de entre los 34 elementos analizados. Los análisis de suelos por fraccionamiento secuencial indican que el mayor contenido de los metales se encuentra en las fracciones con movilidad limitada de los metales. Los suelos se clasifican como extremadamente contaminados según los índices geoquímicos, por lo que representan un grave riesgo para el ecosistema local. La parte principal del proyecto se refiere a la flora nativa andina y contribuye a su inventario con la identificación de 22 plantas pertenecientes a 12 especies familiares. El contenido de metales en los órganos de las plantas es correlacionado con el del suelo, con el fin de evaluar el potencial de fitorremediación de las especies de plantas nativas estableciendo su capacidad de bioacumulación y translocación de metales. Algunas plantas resultan ser potencialmente adecuadas para la fitorremediación de Cd, Cu y Zn, pero ninguna de ellas para Pb, As y Ag. Los estudios de especiación realizados por HPLC con detección elemental (ICP) y molecular (ESI) de espectrometría de masas en paralelo permiten identificar las especies químicas responsables de la translocación de Cu y Zn. Los complejos de Nicotianamina son las principales especies de cobre y zinc en órganos de Arenaria digyna, Nicotiana thyrsiflora y Puya sp.; están acompañados por complejos de ácido desoximutagénico. Además, se identifica una nueva especie de dihidroxi-nicotianamina, nunca reportada hasta ahora, como el ligando de Cu y Zn más abundante en Hypericum laricifolium.
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Deprá, Marta Stochero. "CRESCIMENTO E RELAÇÕES ENTRE VARIÁVEIS EM PROGÊNIES E CULTIVARES CRIOULAS DE MILHO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4882.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorCorn is one of the crops that produce more in the world; it has a wise geographic distribution. It happens because of the big genetic variability present, including in creole cultivates which they are normally produced in small properties. The main goals of this study were to evaluate the growing and the relation between the seeds labile, grown plants and of the Amarelão creole cultivates, Lombo Baio and Oito carreiras as well as the maternal half-brothers progenies from these cultivates. The experiment happened in Santa Maria, RS in the agricultural year of 2012/2013, in block delineations aimlessly with four repetitions and portions constituted by two lines of five meters to the creole cultivates and a lattice delineation with constituted portions one line of five meters with a space of 0,2m and between lines of 0,9m. For an analysis of the growing plants was accomplished five evaluations of the plant height and leaves numbers by plant and the growing curves were adjusted by logistic model because of the thermal sum accumulated. To analyze the canonical correlation were evaluated: mass, length, width, and seeds thickness; plant height, ear insertion height, thatch diameter and leaves number by plant for grown plants, grain weights, row numbers and grain numbers by rows to the production. The logistic model was adequate to the growing curve adjusts to progenies of maternal half-brothers and corn creole cultivates. Amarelão creole cultivates, Lombo baio and Oito carreiras present the highest plant and the biggest number of leaves by plant in comparison to concerning progenies of maternal half-brothers. The most important canonical correlations were gotten between labile groups of the grown plant and production. The labile plant height and thatch diameter were the most favorable the grain production.
O milho é uma das culturas mais produzidas no mundo, com ampla distribuição geográfica. Isso se deve a grande variabilidade genética presente, inclusive em cultivares crioulas, normalmente produzidas em pequenas propriedades. Os objetivos do estudo foram avaliar o crescimento e a relação entre variáveis de sementes, plantas adultas e de produção das cultivares: crioulas Amarelão, Lombo Baio e Oito Carreiras, bem como, de progênies de meios-irmãos maternos destas cultivares. O experimento foi conduzido em Santa Maria, RS, no ano agrícola 2012/2013, em delineamento blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e parcelas constituídas por duas fileiras de cinco metros e espaçamento entre plantas de 0,2 m e entre fileiras de 0,9 m para as cultivares crioulas e, delineamento em látice com parcelas constituídas de uma fileira de cinco metros e espaçamento entre plantas de 0,2 m e entre fileiras de 0,9 m para as progênies. Para análise de crescimento das plantas, foram realizadas cinco avaliações de altura de planta e número de folhas por planta, com as curvas de crescimento sendo ajustadas pelo modelo logístico em função da soma térmica acumulada. Para análise das correlações canônicas foram avaliadas: massa, comprimento, largura e espessura das sementes, altura de planta, altura de inserção da espiga, diâmetro do colmo e número de folhas por planta para plantas adultas e peso de grãos, número de fileiras e grãos por fileira para a produção. O modelo logístico foi adequado para o ajuste das curvas de crescimento para progênies de meios-irmãos maternos e cultivares crioulas de milho. As cultivares crioulas: Amarelão, Lombo Baio e Oito Carreiras apresentaram maior altura de plantas e maior número de folhas por planta em comparação às respectivas progênies de meios-irmãos maternos. As correlações canônicas mais importantes foram obtidas entre os grupos de variáveis de planta adulta e de produção. As variáveis altura de planta e diâmetro do colmo as que mais favorecem a produção de grãos.
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Baloyi, Tlangelani Cedric. "Growth, anatomy, quality and yield of wild ginger (Siphonochilus aethiopicus) in response to nitrogen nutrition, fertigation frequency and growing medium." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29498.
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Liucvaikienė, Ramutė. "Augalininkystės mokomojo modeliavimo priemonės sudarymas ir tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080710_150722-57688.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Informacinių technologijų magistrantės R. Liucvaikienės: „Augalininkystės mokomojo modeliavimo priemonės sudarymas ir tyrimas“. Informacinių technologijų magistro studijų programa, kompiuterizuoto mokymo specializacija. Darbo vadovas: docentas K. Baniulis Kaunas 2008 metai. Darbo apimtis: 57 puslapiai, pateikta 11 lentelių, 18 paveikslėlių, panaudota 9 literatūros ir 11 internetinių šaltinių.
Tyrimo tikslas sukurti mokomąją kompiuterinę modeliavimo priemonę, kuria lanksčiai ir kūrybingai galėtų būti mokoma(si) augalininkystės dalyko. Tikslui pasiekti buvo išanalizuoti funkciniai ir nefunkciniai reikalavimai, suprojektuota ir realizuota mokomoji kompiuterinė priemonė „Augalų augimą įtakojantys faktoriai“ ir atliktas eksperimentinis tyrimas.
Išanalizavus analogiškos paskirties programas, buvo nustatyti kuriamai augalininkystės mokymo priemonei pagrindiniai reikalavimai: lengvai įdiegiama; nekeliami dideli reikalavimai techninei ir programiniai įrangai; lengvai valdoma ir tolerantiška vartotojo klaidoms; sudaroma interaktyvi galimybė moksleiviui tapti aktyviu veiksmo dalyviu.
Sukurtoje priemonėje pateikta augalininkystės temų teorija ir praktinių darbų pavyzdžiai, savikontrolės ir kontroliniai testai, įdiegti laboratoriniai darbai ir virtualus eksperimentas. Augalininkystės mokymo(si) priemone gali naudotis profesijos mokytojai ir mokiniai, mokydami(esi) augalininkystės dalyko.
Projektuojant MKP panaudotos informacinės technologijos, kaip palengvinti projektavimo ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Information technologies postgraduate R. Liucvaikiene’s paper “Research and construction of educational modeling software for plants growing ”. Information technologies postgraduate study program, computerized teaching specialization. Work leader: doc. K.Baniulis, Kaunas, 2008. Paper size: 57 pages, 11 tables, 18 pictures, 9 literature and 22 internet resources were used. The aim of the research to create computer modeling tool, which could be flexibly and creatively used teaching/learning plant-growing subject. In order to reach the aim of the research functional and non-functional requirements were analyzed, educational computer tool “The Factors Influencing Plants’ Growing” was projected and realized and the experiment research was done. After analyzing similar programs, the requirements for creative plant-growing educational tool were set: easily implemented; no big requirements for technical and software equipments; easily used, tolerant to consumers mistakes; interactive possibility to a student is made to become an active action participant. The tool includes plant-growing theory and examples of practical tasks, self-control and checking tests, implemented laboratory works and virtual experiment. Plant -growing teaching/learning program can be used by profession teachers and students while learning plant-growing subject. While projecting the tool information technologies were used how to release projecting and programming processes and various other problems. Good... [to full text]
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Nevill, Ralph John Leslie. "The association and transmission of Leptographium procerum (Kendr.) wing., by root feeding insects in Christmas tree plantations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39763.
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El, Mghadmi Z. Y. "Effect of environmental stresses and growing medium amendment with 'Zander' on growth of Acacia saligna under saline conditions." Thesis, Coventry University, 2011. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/5727ee90-f827-485e-93d9-94a9b5456f43/1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Libya salinization of land and ground water is a key problem. A. saligna is one species that offers potential for growth under these conditions. Experiments were undertaken to accelerate the germination of Acacia seeds, and various pre-treatment methods were assayed. Boiling water treatment, mechanical scarification and acid improved germination and germination rate. Sowing A. saligna seeds at 30 mm depth gave greatest seedling growth from large and medium seeds whereas 20 mm was more suitable for small seeds. This study aimed to improve the establishment of Acacia saligna irrigated with saline water, plants were grown for seven weeks under greenhouse or field conditions in (Libya) either sand or soil salinized with varying applications of NaCl. Irrigation with NaCl significantly decreased plant survival and growth and concentration of Ca, Na, K, Fe and P ions in plants with 0.5 M or 1.0 M NaCl. The experiments were repeated using a naturally occurring soil amendment called ‘Zander’. Seeds of A. saligna were grown for seven weeks in both greenhouse and field trials as before but with the addition of Zander and NaCl. Zander improved plant survival and growth with salinity and increased the elements in plants (Ca, Na, K, Fe and P). Field experiments were conducted to assess the effects of saline irrigation with 1.0 M NaCl and extra water added to 0% or 10% Zander on survival and growth, consequently, seedling growth significantly decreased with increase in soil salinity. Survival and growth increased with increase in extra water. The additional irrigation water caused an increase in the uptake of Ca++ and increased the Ca++/Na+ and K+/Na+ ratio. Zander did not appear to reduce net uptake of Na+ and its transport to shoot tissues. Mg++, P, K+ and Ca++ content significantly decreased in plants in response to salinity. Possible mechanisms to avoid Na+ toxicity in A. saligna in response to salinity included increasing the supply of Ca++. Extra Ca++ applied into the medium with and without salt increased survival and growth even in the absence of Zander. Calcium increased uptake of Ca++ and increased Ca++/Na+ and K+/Na+ ratio.
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Thompson, William Michael. "The effects of changing technology on average costs for Mississippi cotton producers from 1996 - 2005 /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07052007-114929.
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Dubeni, Zimasa Busisiwe. "Phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatographic profiling of aloe vera (l) burn. f growing in South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016169.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The chemical profiling, characterization of Aloe products and phytochemical properties of Aloe vera were studied. The adulteration of commercial products derived from medicinal plants has been a major muddle for both the society and the pharmaceuticalindustry. Economically motivated adulteration includes the potential for contaminated, sub‐potent or counterfeit medication to enter the supply chain at several levels, from the production of raw ingredients through to the point of retail sale. Darwin’s theory of evolution states that, species undergo genetic variation with time to adapt to environmental changes. Therefore, the same species growing in widely different habitats may drift from the original genetic makeup as a mechanism of adaptation and that may result in them having different chemical profiles. Therefore this study aimed at investigating the phytochemical properties of Aloe vera growing in South Africa. Also, this study aims to utilize Thin Layer Chromatography to profile this plant, as well as use Infra Red spectroscopy to characterize commercial Aloe vera products. A large quantity of Aloe vera plant was collected from AloeWay, Iphofolo Game Farm, Polokwane in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The identity of the plant was confirmedrom literature and authenticated by Professor DS Grierson of Botany Department, University of Fort Hare, Alice. The plant leaves were divided into two portions. One portion was extracted fresh while the other was cut into pieces and oven dried at 400C then and milled to a homogenous powder once dried completely. The phytochemical composition of the gel and leaf extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenols at different concentrations. Results showed that the dry plant material yielded more phytochemicals than the fresh plant material. In particular, it was found that the acetone extract showed much more amounts ofphychemicals than the dichloromethane and aqueous extracts. The percentage compositions of phenols (71.86), flavonols (36.61), proanthocyanidins (82.71), saponins (37.73) and alkaloids (13.29) were significantly high in the acetone extract, followed by the dichloromthane extract with values of 46.85, 37.73, 49.51, 89.0 and 11.11 respectively, while the least composition was found in the aqueous extract. Furthermore, flavonoids were somewhat high in composition in both the aqueous extract of the dried and of the fresh plant material while others were very low. Tannins levels were significantly very low in all the solvent extracts. It was found that the acetone extract showed great amounts of phytochemicals than dichloromethane and aqueous extracts. Since A. vera is used in the treatment of different ailments such as skin wounds and abrasions, eczema, constipation, rheumatoid arthritis etc, the medicinal uses of this plant could be associated to such analysed bioactive compounds. Acetone, hexane, ethanol, water and dichloromethane were used to extract the Aloe vera leaf and the best solvent extract was determined. Thin layer chromatography was used to profile the leaf extracts with the aim of documenting the main phytochemicals present in the Aloe vera growing in South Africa. The best spraying reagent was determined. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer was used to validate the presence of Aloe vera ingredients in commercial products. The yield extraction ability of the solvent was the order: water>ethanol> hexane >dichloromethane and acetone for the dry portion. However, for the plant extracted fresh, the order of yield produced was ethanol-acetone-dichloromethane > and water. The different solvent systems separated the compounds differently. Hexane: acetone: ethanol (20 : 5: 2) and Benzene: ethanol: ammonium (80): ethanol (10): ammonium solvent systems were noted to be the best mobile phase as they gave the best separation compared to other systems.EMW [ethyl acetate (81): methanol (11): water (8)] showed better separation than the other two separating solvent systems. Vanillin- sulphuric acid spray was seen to be the best spraying reagent as compared to vanillin- phosphoric acid. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer validated the presence aloe ingredients in aloe vera commercial products.
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Long, Adam J. "A Guide to the Pomona College Organic Farm: An Introduction to the Farm’s History and Basic Gardening Skills and Techniques." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/84.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It was almost four years ago when I first visited the Pomona College Organic Farm and since then I have learned everything from the basics of gardening to the complex steps required to organize students for events and activities. As I learned more and saw so many students come and go, I saw a need for written documentation that would allow future generations of students to benefit from the skills that my peers and I have learned in our time at the Farm. The value of the Farm is grounded in having a vibrant physical space, and right now the knowledge to maintain and improve this space is only passed down from person to person. I hope to eventually combine the disparate bits of knowledge that I have accumulated over the years into a single guidebook. This thesis project, which is the first major section of that guidebook, covers the Farm’s history and basic technical skills like soil preparation, planting, plant maintenance, weeding, pest control, and tool use. This is a living document and will be constantly updated as the Farm changes and grows and as new information comes to light. Although the Farm has come a long way over the years, it still has a lot of unrealized potential, and I hope that this document both facilitates and records the great changes that are soon to come.
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Bleby, Timothy Michael. "Water use, ecophysiology and hydraulic architecture of Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) growing on mine rehabilitation sites in the jarrah forest of south-western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
[Truncated abstract. Please see the pdf format for the complete text. Also, formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version for an accurate reproduction.] This thesis examines the water use, ecophysiology and hydraulic architecture of Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) growing on bauxite mine rehabilitation sites in the jarrah forest of south-western Australia. The principal objective was to characterise the key environment and plant-based influences on tree water use, and to better understand the dynamics of water use over a range of spatial and temporal scales in this drought-prone ecosystem. A novel sap flow measurement system (based on the use of the heat pulse method) was developed so that a large number of trees could be monitored concurrently in the field. A validation experiment using potted jarrah saplings showed that rates of sap flow (transpiration) obtained using this system agreed with those obtained gravimetrically. Notably, diurnal patterns of transpiration were measured accurately and with precision using the newly developed heat ratio method. Field studies showed that water stress and water use by jarrah saplings on rehabilitation sites were strongly seasonal: being greatest in summer when it was warm and dry, and least in winter when it was cool and wet. At different times, water use was influenced by soil water availability, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and plant hydraulic conductance. In some areas, there was evidence of a rapid decline in transpiration in response to dry soil conditions. At the end of summer, most saplings on rehabilitation sites were not water stressed, whereas water status in the forest was poor for small saplings but improved with increasing size. It has been recognised that mature jarrah trees avoid drought by having deep root systems, however, it appears that saplings on rehabilitation sites may have not yet developed functional deep roots, and as such, they may be heavily reliant on moisture stored in surface soil horizons. Simple predictive models of tree water use revealed that stand water use was 74 % of annual rainfall at a high density (leaf area index, LAI = 3.1), high rainfall (1200 mm yr-1) site, and 12 % of rainfall at a low density (LAI = 0.4), low rainfall (600 mm yr-1) site, and that water use increased with stand growth. A controlled field experiment confirmed that: (1) sapling transpiration was restricted as root-zone water availability declined, irrespective of VPD; (2) transpiration was correlated with VPD when water was abundant; and (3) transpiration was limited by soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance when water was abundant and VPD was high (> 2 kPa). Specifically, transpiration was regulated by stomatal conductance. Large stomatal apertures could sustain high transpiration rates, but stomata were sensitive to hydraulic perturbations caused by soil water deficits and/or high evaporative demand. No other physiological mechanisms conferred immediate resistance to drought. Empirical observations were agreeably linked with a current theory suggesting that stomata regulate transpiration and plant water potential in order to prevent hydraulic dysfunction following a reduction in soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance. Moreover, it was clear that plant hydraulic capacity determined the pattern and extent of stomatal regulation. Differences in hydraulic capacity across a gradient in water availability were a reflection of differences in root-to-leaf hydraulic conductance, and were possibly related to differences in xylem structure. Saplings on rehabilitation sites had greater hydraulic conductance (by 50 %) and greater leaf-specific rates of transpiration at the high rainfall site (1.5 kg m-2 day1) than at the low rainfall site (0.8 kg m-2 day1) under near optimal conditions. Also, rehabilitation-grown saplings had significantly greater leaf area, leaf area to sapwood area ratios and hydraulic conductance (by 30-50 %) compared to forest-grown saplings, a strong indication that soils in rehabilitation sites contained more water than soils in the forest. Results suggested that: (1) the hydraulic structure and function of saplings growing under the same climatic conditions was determined by soil water availability; (2) drought reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration by reducing whole-tree hydraulic conductance; and (3) saplings growing on open rehabilitation sites utilised more abundant water, light and nutrients than saplings growing in the forest understorey. These findings support a paradigm that trees evolve hydraulic equipment and physiological characteristics suited to the most efficient use of water from a particular spatial and temporal niche in the soil environment.
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Рещенко, Євген Юрійович. "Система підтримки життєдіяльності рослин у теплиці". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/40917.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Магістерська дисертація на здобуття ступеня магістру на тему “ Система підтримки життєдіяльності рослин у теплиці ”: 101с., 23 рис., 26 табл., 8 додатки, 21 джерел.
Об'єкт дослідження – автоматизація процесу зрощення рослин.
Мета роботи – розробка системи, що забезпечить можливість покращеного зрощення рослин шляхом підтримки ідеальних параметрів середовища з мінімальним втручанням людини.
У магістерській дисертації розглянуто проблему автоматизації зрощення рослин. Отримано перелік параметрів, зміну та підтримку яких система має автоматизувати. Отримано уяву про взаємодію елементів системи з можливими елементами, зображеними у додатку Д. Також спроектовано діаграму прецедентів, зображену у додатку Ж.
Визначено основні елементи органів системи. Побудована структура на основі якої побудовано функціональну схему. Описано взаємодію кожного елемента для кожного органу системи, їх призначення, методи взаємодії.
Створено алгоритм, за яким система має змінювати параметри суміші. На основі структурної, функціональної схеми, алгоритму та технічного завдання спроектовано програмне забезпечення для мікроконтролера. Розроблено механізм зберігання сценаріїв. Створено «захоплюючий портал» для первинного підключення пристрою до мережі Інтернет. Отримано програмне забезпечення готове до завантаження у МК.
Отримано робочу систему. Отримано результати роботи системи, що задовольняють потреби. Система підтримує параметри кислотності у границях «задана – 0.5 од» < задана < «задана + 0.5 од», що є допустимим для проходження росту рослини, подає потрібні кількості добрив та кількість чистої води.
Проведено аналіз ринку та розробка стратегії запуску стартап-проєтку. враховано всі ризики, маркетингові стратегії та ключові переваги концепції потенційного продукту, побудовано бізнес-план подальшого розвитку системи.Master's thesis for master's degree on the topic " Plant’s life support system in greenhouse": 101p, 23 figures, 26 tables, 8 annexes, 21 sources. Object of study – plant’s grow process automation. The purpose of the work – develop plant automation system to obtain better growing experience by maintaining ideal plant’s environment parameters. Also the goal is to free user from maintaining this parameters manually. In the master's thesis the problem of automation of plant growing is considered. The list of changing parameters which the system should automate is determined. An idea of the interaction of the elements of the system with the possible elements determined. The diagram of precedents is also designed. Identified the main elements of the system. The interaction of each element for each unit of the system, their purpose, methods of interaction are described. An algorithm has been created according to which the system must change the parameters of the mixture. Based on the structural, functional scheme, algorithm and technical task, the software for the microcontroller is designed. A mechanism for storing scripts has been developed. A "captive portal" has been created for the initial connection of the device to the Internet. Got working system able to be tested. The results of the system operation that meet the needs are obtained. The system maintains the acidity parameters within the limits: “set – 0.5 units" < set < "set + 0.5 units", which is acceptable for the growth of the plant, provides the required amount of fertilizers and the amount of clean water. The market analysis and development of the strategy of launching a startup project are carried out. All risks, marketing strategies and key advantages of the potential product concept are taken into account, a business plan for further development of the system is built.
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Stravinskas, Tadas. "Drėkinimo sistemų poreikis Kauno apskrityje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_154621-70164.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Darbe analizuojami Kauno apskrities ūkininkų ūkiai, jų sausinimo ir drėkinimo sistemų poreikis, priklausomybė nuo ūkio veiklos. Analizei panaudoti ūkininkų, užsiimančių žemdirbyste, apklausos duomenys. Aktualiausia problema - išsiaiškinti drėkinimo sistemų poreikį Kauno apskrities žemdirbystės ūkiuose. Siekiant optimaliai padidinti derliaus apimtis, svarbu palaikyti tinkamą drėgmės kiekį dirvožemyje ir visą augalo vegetacijos laikotarpį išlaikyti optimalų dirvožemio drėgnumą. Ypatingai svarbu įvertinti drėkinimo sistemos reikalingumą ūkiui ar įrengta sistema padės padidinti derliaus apimtis. Taip pat aktualu įrengiant drėkinimo sistemas įvertinti ir sausinimo sistemos būklę. Išanalizavus esamą situaciją galima teigti, kad drėkinimo sistemos yra labai svarbios tam tikrų veiklos sričių ūkiams, ypatingai daržininkystei. Šiose veiklose galima žymiai padidinti derliaus apimtis, kokybę, prekinę išvaizdą.The aim of thesis is to analyze farmers’ farms of Kaunas region, the condition of farms’ drainage and irrigation systems, their dependence on the farms’ work. The questioning data of farmers has been used for the analyse. The most relevant problem is to ascertain the demand of irrigation systems for agriculture of Kaunas region. In order to increase extents of harvest it is important to maintain optimal soil moisture regime during all period of plants’ vegetation. It is particularly essential to evaluate the need of irrigation system to a farm or if equipped systems will help to increase extents of harvest. As well as it is relevant while equipping irrigation systems to evaluate conditions of drainage system. According to the accomplished research about analyzed situation, it might be proposed that irrigation systems are very essential to certain work field farms, especially to vegetable-growing, seed-growing. Extent, quality and marketable looks of harvest might be considerably increased in these activities.
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Delazari, Fábio Teixeira. "Produção e qualidade de frutos do tomateiro no sistema Viçosa de tutoramento em função do estado hídrico-nutricional." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2014. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3666.
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The reason of this experiment was to evaluate the water rates irrigated and the fertilizer rates applied on the tomato plant, under the Viçosa ́s staking system, which aimed to obtain the highest yield for the fresh market, maximums on water use efficiency and on the quality of the fruits, and also getting better concentration on nutrients in the tomato leaves. The experiment was installed in two seasons July 2013 and January 2014, both in Viçosa/MG, on the field research center, from the Agronomy Department. The treatments for both experiments were four different water rates irrigated L1, L2, L3 and L4 regarding on 50, 100, 150 and 200% of the real irrigation required by the crop (IRN) and also, four different fertilizer rates D1, D2, D3 and D4 regarding on 50, 100, 150 and 200% from the fertilizer rate recommendation (5a . The variables evaluated were: commercial production (PC), total yield (PT), big fruits (PFG), medium (PFM) and small fruits (PFP); productivity by the plant (PP), water use efficiency (WUE), pH, soluble solids, titratable acidic, flavor, consistence, lycopene and nutrients concentration in the leaves. It was used the average results from the two experiments. It was concluded after getting the final results, that the highest PC, PT, PFG and PP of the tomato, were obtained with 331 mm of water rate irrigated and 150% of the fertilizer rate recommendation. The highest water use efficiency was obtained with 276 mm of water rate irrigated and 150% of the fertilizer rate. The highest lycopene concentration (85,32 μg g-1) was obtained with 331 mm of water rate irrigated and 200% of the fertilizer rate. The macronutrients concentration foliar (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrients (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and B) for the highest crop yield were 58,5; 5,5; 29,5; 60,6; 6,3 e 7,7 g kg-1 for the macronutrients and 481,1; 39,4; 273,1; 784,6 e 61,8 mg kg-1 for the micronutrients. The macronutrients concentration foliar (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrients (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and B) for the maximum water use efficiency were 36,1; 4,9; 24,0; 63,7; 6,8 e 10,0 g kg-1 for the macronutrients and 643,9; 42,3; 312,3; 809,8 e 56,5 mg kg-1 for the micronutrients.
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar lâminas de irrigação e doses de adubação para o tomateiro cultivado no sistema Viçosa de tutoramento visando obter a máxima produtividade de frutos comerciais, eficiência no uso de água e qualidade de frutos e a melhor concentração de nutrientes na folha. O experimento foi instalado em duas épocas julho de 2013 e janeiro de 2014 em Viçosa/MG, na área experimental do Departamento de Fitotecnia. Os tratamentos para ambos os experimentos foram quatros lâminas de irrigação L1, L2, L3 e L4 correspondendo a 50, 100, 150 e 200% da irrigação real necessária (IRN) e quatro doses de adubação D1, D2, D3 e D4 correspondendo a 50, 100, 150 e 200% da recomendação (Approach 5th). As variáveis avaliadas foram: produtividade comercial (PC), total (PT), de frutos grandes (PFG), médios (PFM) e pequenos (PFP), produção por planta (PP), eficiência no uso da água (EUA), pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, sabor, firmeza, licopeno e concentração de nutrientes na folha. Trabalhou-se com os resultados médios dos dois experimentos. Com os resultados obtidos conclui-se que: As maiores PC, PT, PFG e PP de tomate foram obtidas com lâmina de irrigação de 331 mm e adubação de 150%. A maior eficiência no uso da água foi obtida com lâmina de irrigação de 276 mm e dose de adubação de 150%. O máximo teor de licopeno (85,32 μg g-1) foi obtido com a lâmina de 331 mm e dose de adubação de 200%. A concentração foliar de macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) e micronutrientes (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu e B) para a máxima produtividade foram de 58,5; 5,5; 29,5; 60,6; 6,3 e 7,7 g kg-1 dos macronutrientes e 481,1; 39,4; 273,1; 784,6 e 61,8 mg kg-1 dos micronutrientes. A concentração foliar de macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) e micronutrientes (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu e B) para a máxima eficiência no uso da água foram de 36,1; 4,9; 24,0; 63,7; 6,8 e 10,0 g kg-1 dos macronutrientes e 643,9; 42,3; 312,3; 809,8 e 56,5 mg kg-1 dos micronutrientes.
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Goktas, Recep Kaya. "Contaminant fate and transport analysis in soil-plant systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39472.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main objective of this study is to develop a modeling methodology that facilitates incorporating the plant pathway into environmental contamination models recognizing the fact that plants are dynamic entities that regulate their life cycle according to natural and anthropogenic environmental conditions.
A modeling framework that incorporates the plant pathway into an integrated water flow and contaminant transport model in terrestrial systems is developed. The modeling framework is aimed to provide a tool to analyze the plant pathway of exposure to contaminants. The model developed using this framework describes the temporal and spatial variation of the contaminant concentration within the plant as it is interacting with the soil and the atmosphere.
The first part of the study focuses on the integration of the dynamics of water and contaminant distribution and plant related processes within the vadose zone. A soil-plant system model is developed by coupling soil-water flow, contaminant transport, plant life-cycle, and plant pathway models. The outcome unifies single media continuous models with multimedia compartmental models in a flexible framework. The coupling of the models was established at multiple interfaces and at different levels of solution steps (i.e. model development phase vs. numerical solution phase).
In the second part of the study, the soil-plant system model is extended to cover large spatial areas by describing the environmental system as a collection of soil-plant systems connected through overland flow and transport processes on the ground surface and through lateral interactions in the subsurface. An overland flow model is integrated with the previously coupled model of unsaturated zone soil-water flow and plant life-cycle by solving the flow model equations simultaneously within a single global matrix structure. An overland / subsurface interaction algorithm is developed to handle the ground surface conditions. The simultaneous solution, single-matrix approach is also adopted when integrating the overland transport model with the previously coupled models of vadose zone transport and plant pathway.
The model developed is applied to various environmental contamination scenarios where the effect of the presence of plants on the contaminant migration within environmental systems is investigated.
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Davison, Elisabeth, John Begeman, Jimmy Tipton, and Tom DeGomez. "Plant Selection and Selecting Your Plants." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560978.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Revised; Originally Published: 20008 pp.
Whether you are beginning a new landscape or renovating an existing one, planning ahead can prevent many problems. The majority of maintenance requirements and plant problems result from either selecting the wrong kind of plant for a location or planting an inferior specimen of the selected plant type. In other words, there are two decisions to be made: ▪ What species, or kind, of tree are you going to buy — an oak, pine, mesquite, or acacia? ▪ Assuming you decide on an oak, which one in the row of oaks at the nursery are you going to buy? The first decision is called Plant Selection and the second is Selecting Plants. Our goal is to install the right plant in the right place. This publication will cover the factors involved in making good decisions to achieve this goal.
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Tandre, Anna. "Grönsöö park och trädgård 1820-1925 : tre familjemedlemmars odling, upplevelser och dokumentation i förhållande till dagens anläggning." Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200862-ab.html.
Повний текст джерела
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Saragadam, Bhaskararao. "design guidelines and maintenance manual for green roofs in the semi-arid and arid regions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Знайти повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This abstract includes the benefits associated with green roofs, how to select the type of green roof for a project, the important technical issues to address during design, implementation and maintenance of its longevity, detailed cost variables for green roof controlling quantity and quality of stormwater, cultivating the crop, and improving aesthetic environments in work and home settings in arid and semi arid regions.
Much less rainfall goes into the soil and rest becomes stormwater runoff. These changes, in turn, increase erosion and degrade water quality. By promoting green infrastructure, it reduces, retains, and treats runoff at its source.
This study investigates how roof substrate and vegetation affect rainwater retention. The investigated parameters are lightweight substrate ratio, substrate depth, precipitation and vegetation type. This study was done in Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A planting box was placed on the roof of a building to simulate a green roof and the required conditions were mimicked. The experimental results indicate that precipitation, substrate depth, substrate ratio and vegetation type affect the rainwater retention capacity of green roofs. The rainwater retention rate is inversely proportional to precipitation intensity. According to the water retention capacity of various plants, black gram and schefflera arboricola have been chosen as they retain more water. Of the total amount of rainwater retained the substrate accounts for 77–98% and vegetation accounts for 2–23%. In the sub-tropical region, the green roof water retention rate is roughly 30% of the total storm precipitation (160 mm). Thus, using a green roof is an effective strategy for managing urban stormwater.
This study also investigates calculating the average cost of green roofs and difficulties due to the number of variables. The final result a deeper green roof has been designed and high substrate is needed because black gram has been grown.
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Islam, Azharul. "Cell-walls of growing plant cells." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2013. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/8z033/cell-walls-of-growing-plant-cells.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The plant primary cell wall is a three-dimensional interwoven network of cellulose microfibrils, cross-linked by xyloglucan and dispersed in a pectin matrix. It has been suggested that in the wall of growing plant cells, xyloglucan is bound to the rigid cellulose microfibrils by hydrogen bonds and holds the microfibrils together by forming molecular tethers, which is referred to as the ‘sticky network’ model. Plant growth occurs when these tethers are peeled from the microfibrils by expansins or broken by glycosidases or transglycosylases. A number of researchers have presented theoretical difficulties and observations inconsistent with this model and a new hypothesis has been proposed, claiming that the cellulose – xyloglucan cross-links may act as ‘scaffolds’ holding the microfibrils apart. Analogies with synthetic polymers suggests that the spacing between the cellulose microfibrils may be an important determinant of the mechanical properties of the cell wall and the results presented in this thesis support this hypothesis. Water contents of Acetobacter xylinus synthesized cellulose based cell wall analogues (as a mimic of primary cell wall) and sunflower hypocotyl cell walls were altered using high molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution, and their extension under a constant load was measured using a creep extensiometer and showed that there were clear reduction (30-35%) in extensibility suggesting that water content of the wall and therefore the cell wall free volume directly influence wall extensibility. When hydration of A. xylinus cellulose composite pellicles was reduced using PEG 6000 solution and re-hydrated in buffer solution, followed by treatment with α-expansin or snail acetone powder extract, it was found that expansin and snail powder extracts caused a rapid rehydration of the composites and that the pellicles only returned to their original weights after these treatments, suggesting that expansin and snail powder can increase the free volume of the wall perhaps contributing to the increases in extensibility that they cause. Assays on cell wall fragments also indicated that expansin increased the cell wall free volume, demonstrated by changes of the turbidity of fragment suspensions. The role of pectic polysaccharide, RG-II, in cell wall biomechanics was also investigated using mechanical and biochemical testing of available Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall mutants and by incorporating RG-II (purified from red wine) with Acetobacter cellulose. It was demonstrated that RG-II significantly increased the hydration of cellulose composite; hydration rate was 15 -16% more than the composite without RG-II and thus increased the pellicle extensibility. From the results, it is evidenced that cell wall extension is not only the consequences of breaking hydrogen bonds between cellulose microfibrils and xyloglucan by expansins or glycosidases and transglycosylases, but also a wider range of factors are involved including cell wall water content, cell wall free volume and the pectic polymers, especially RG-II.
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Potter, Ian. "Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity in growing plant tissues." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12132.
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Hammer, Michael, Kaitlin M. Kratter, and Min-Kai Lin. "Slowly-growing gap-opening planets trigger weaker vortices." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623939.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The presence of a giant planet in a low-viscosity disc can create a gap edge in the disc's radial density profile sharp enough to excite the Rossby wave instability. This instability may evolve into dust-trapping vortices that might explain the `banana-shaped' features in recently observed asymmetric transition discs with inner cavities. Previous hydrodynamical simulations of planet-induced vortices have neglected the time-scale of hundreds to thousands of orbits to grow a massive planet to Jupiter size. In this work, we study the effect of a giant planet's runaway growth time-scale on the lifetime and characteristics of the resulting vortex. For two different planet masses (1 and 5 Jupiter masses) and two different disc viscosities (alpha= 3 x 10-4 and 3 x 10-5), we compare the vortices induced by planets with several different growth time-scales between 10 and 4000 planet orbits. In general, we find that slowly-growing planets create significantly weaker vortices with lifetimes and surface densities reduced by more than 50 per cent. For the higher disc viscosity, the longest growth time-scales in our study inhibit vortex formation altogether. Additionally, slowly-growing planets produce vortices that are up to twice as elongated, with azimuthal extents well above 180. in some cases. These unique, elongated vortices likely create a distinct signature in the dust observations that differentiates them from the more concentrated vortices that correspond to planets with faster growth time-scales. Lastly, we find that the low viscosities necessary for vortex formation likely prevent planets from growing quickly enough to trigger the instability in self-consistent models.
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Andrade, Reginaldo Rodrigues de [UNESP]. "Substrato e irrigação em ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100843.
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Resíduos orgânicos domiciliares ou industriais, são facilmente disponibilizados e podem, após compostagem, ser utilizados na composição de substratos alternativos de baixo custo e com grandes benefícios para a planta e para o ambiente. Hortaliças não convencionais, conhecidas popularmente por suas qualidades nutricionais, como a ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.), começam a ser cultivadas no Brasil, de forma sistematizada, mas sem conhecimento comprovado das respostas de técnicas de cultivo, como as da irrigação e da utilização de composto orgânico. Por isso, procedeu-se ao cultivo de plantas de P. aculeata em vasos dentro de ambiente protegido, utilizando-se o método de estaquia caulinar. As variáveis de produção foram doses de composto orgânico no substrato (CO), oriundo da compostagem de resíduos orgânicos de origem industrial e agropecuária, do município de Uberlândia – MG, equivalentes a 0%, 15%, 30%, 45% e 60% do volume total do substrato e lâminas de irrigação (Li) correspondentes a 50%, 75% e 100% da evapotranspiração de referência (Et0), estimada por meio da equação de Penman-Monteith (FAO-56), com a utilização dos dados meteorológicos obtidos na estação automatizada da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com 4 repetições. A irrigação foi realizada a cada 3 dias com a soma dos volumes de água calculados diariamente. Cento e vinte e dois dias após o plantio das estacas efetuou-se o corte das plantas e a determinação da massa seca em folhas, caules e raízes, e dos teores de proteína, cálcio (Ca) e ferro (Fe) nas folhas. Os resultados das análises estatísticas permitiram concluir que, excetuando-se para massa seca em raízes, houve interação entre as Li e as doses de CO para as demais variáveis. O aumento das...
Organic household or industrial waste, are easily available and can, after composting, be used in the composition of alternative substrates with low cost and great benefits for the plant and the environment. Unconventional vegetables, popularly known for its nutritional qualities, as Pereskia aculeata Mill., began to be cultivated in Brazil, in a systematic way, but without proven knowledge of growing techniques such as irrigation and use of organic compound. Therefore, we grow plants of P. aculeata in pots inside of a greenhouse, using the method of stem cuttings. Were broadly two the variables tested: doses of the organic compost in the substrate (CO), produced by composting organic waste from industry and agriculture in Uberlândia - MG, equivalent to 0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60% the total volume of the substrate; irrigation depths (Li) corresponding to 50%, 75% and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration (Et0) estimated with the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith equation, using meteorological data obtained at an automated station of the Federal University of Uberlândia. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The irrigation was done every 3 days with the sum of the water volumes calculated daily. One hundred and twenty-two days after planting the plants were cut off and it was determined the dry masses of leaves, stems and roots, and the content of protein, calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in the leaves. The results of the statistical analyzes showed that, except for dry weight in roots, there was interaction between Li and CO levels for the other variables. The accumulation of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
42
Mota, Poliana Rocha D'Almeida [UNESP]. "Aplicação via fertirrigação de soluções com diferentes condutividades elétricas para produção de gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) sob ambiente protegido." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103425.
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a aplicação, via fertirrigação, de soluções com diferentes condutividades elétricas, bem como seu monitoramento e controle, no desenvolvimento e qualidade de cultivares de gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) em vaso, como meio de indicar a melhor concentração de sais a ser aplicada. O experimento foi conduzido sob cultivo protegido no Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo da Fazenda Experimental Lageado, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP Campus de Botucatu, município de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial constando de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica (CE) e dois cultivares em cada ciclo, totalizando quarenta parcelas. Os níveis de CE (soluções) foram: 0,5; 2,0; 3,5; 5,0 e 6,5 dS m-1, e o monitoramento da concentração de sais da solução do substrato na zona radicular das plantas foi realizado por meio da retirada da solução com extratores, duas vezes por semana. Durante o período de condução de cada experimento foi avaliado o pH, área foliar, fitomassa seca, quantidade de botões florais, teor e acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes na parte aérea da planta e teor de macro e micronutrientes na folha diagnóstico, concentração de nitrato na seiva da folha, concentração de nitrato e potássio na solução do substrato e intensidade de cor verde. Ao final do experimento foram avaliadas a fitomassa seca e o teor e acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes na parte aérea de plantas consideradas no ponto de comercialização e a classificação das plantas quanto à qualidade. Para as análises pósprodução foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: altura de plantas no início e ao final do experimento pós-produção, diâmetro da superfície foliar do vaso...
The present research was developed with the objective of evaluating application through fertigation of solutions with different electrical conductivities as well as monitoring and control on the development and quality of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) in potted cultivars in order to find the best salt concentration content to apply. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Natural Resources Department Soil Science area on Lageado Experimental Farm, owned by Agronomy Science Faculty on Botucatu Campus, located in the town of Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The experimental design were randomized blocks with four repetitions in factorial scheme consisting of five electrical conductivity levels (EC) and two cultivars in each cycle, totalizing forty lots. The levels of EC (solutions) were: 0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 e 6.5 dS m-1, and the monitoring of salt concentration in the substratum solution in the root zone of the plants was done through the extraction of the solution by means of extractors twice a week. During the conduction of each experiment the following were evaluated: pH, leaf area, dry mass, floral bud quantity, accumulation of macro and trace element contents on the aerial portion of the plant, macro and trace element contents in the diagnostic leaf, nitrate concentration in the sap of the leaf, nitrate and potassium concentration in the substratum solution and green color intensity. At the finish of the experiment were evaluated: dry mass, accumulation of macro and trace element contents on the aerial portion of the plants considered to have reached their point of commercialization, as well as the classification of these plants with regard to their quality. For the post production analysis, the following parameters were evaluated: plant height at the start and at the finish of the post production experiment, diameter of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
43
Andrade, Reginaldo Rodrigues de. "Substrato e irrigação em ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) /." Jaboticabal, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100843.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: João Antônio GalbiattiCoorientador: Luiz Carlos Pavani
Banca: Sueli Ciabotti
Banca: Luciana Santos Rodrigues Costa Pinto
Banca: José Carlos Barbosa
Banca: José Renato Zanini
Resumo: Resíduos orgânicos domiciliares ou industriais, são facilmente disponibilizados e podem, após compostagem, ser utilizados na composição de substratos alternativos de baixo custo e com grandes benefícios para a planta e para o ambiente. Hortaliças não convencionais, conhecidas popularmente por suas qualidades nutricionais, como a ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.), começam a ser cultivadas no Brasil, de forma sistematizada, mas sem conhecimento comprovado das respostas de técnicas de cultivo, como as da irrigação e da utilização de composto orgânico. Por isso, procedeu-se ao cultivo de plantas de P. aculeata em vasos dentro de ambiente protegido, utilizando-se o método de estaquia caulinar. As variáveis de produção foram doses de composto orgânico no substrato (CO), oriundo da compostagem de resíduos orgânicos de origem industrial e agropecuária, do município de Uberlândia - MG, equivalentes a 0%, 15%, 30%, 45% e 60% do volume total do substrato e lâminas de irrigação (Li) correspondentes a 50%, 75% e 100% da evapotranspiração de referência (Et0), estimada por meio da equação de Penman-Monteith (FAO-56), com a utilização dos dados meteorológicos obtidos na estação automatizada da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com 4 repetições. A irrigação foi realizada a cada 3 dias com a soma dos volumes de água calculados diariamente. Cento e vinte e dois dias após o plantio das estacas efetuou-se o corte das plantas e a determinação da massa seca em folhas, caules e raízes, e dos teores de proteína, cálcio (Ca) e ferro (Fe) nas folhas. Os resultados das análises estatísticas permitiram concluir que, excetuando-se para massa seca em raízes, houve interação entre as Li e as doses de CO para as demais variáveis. O aumento das... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Organic household or industrial waste, are easily available and can, after composting, be used in the composition of alternative substrates with low cost and great benefits for the plant and the environment. Unconventional vegetables, popularly known for its nutritional qualities, as Pereskia aculeata Mill., began to be cultivated in Brazil, in a systematic way, but without proven knowledge of growing techniques such as irrigation and use of organic compound. Therefore, we grow plants of P. aculeata in pots inside of a greenhouse, using the method of stem cuttings. Were broadly two the variables tested: doses of the organic compost in the substrate (CO), produced by composting organic waste from industry and agriculture in Uberlândia - MG, equivalent to 0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60% the total volume of the substrate; irrigation depths (Li) corresponding to 50%, 75% and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration (Et0) estimated with the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith equation, using meteorological data obtained at an automated station of the Federal University of Uberlândia. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The irrigation was done every 3 days with the sum of the water volumes calculated daily. One hundred and twenty-two days after planting the plants were cut off and it was determined the dry masses of leaves, stems and roots, and the content of protein, calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in the leaves. The results of the statistical analyzes showed that, except for dry weight in roots, there was interaction between Li and CO levels for the other variables. The accumulation of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
44
Schweizer, Amelia Lee. "Determination and assessment of procedures of the pour-through nutrient extraction procedure for bedding flats and plug trays." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020402/.
Повний текст джерела
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Lopes, Ueder Pedro. "Doenças do Morangueiro: Etiologia, epidemiologia e sensibilidade a fungicidas." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2014. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1068.
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Previous issue date: 2014-01-31Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
The culture of strawberry , Fragaria x ananassa Duch, has faced several problems, among which we highlight those caused by pathogens. In addition to widely known diseases such as gray mold, new diseases have caused serious damage to the crop. In order to study the various problems of strawberry culture, this study aimed to: i) identify the causal agent of a postharvest fruit rot in strawberry , ii) to study the temporal and spatial dynamics of the redness in strawberry, whose etiology is still unknown; iii) determine the species of Botrytis that cause gray mold in strawberry in Brazil iv) conduct a survey of the current situation of fungicides for control of gray mold on strawberry v) to study the sensitivity of isolates of B. cinerea to dicarboxamide and benzimidazole fungicides. In order to identify the causal agent of post harvest fruit rot of strawberry, isolates from symptomatic fruits were analyzed by morphologic and phylogenetic analyzes. After confirming the pathogenicity of the isolates, species identification as Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense and N. parvum was taken. This is the first report of the occurrence of Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense in Brazil and the first report of Neofusicoccum spp. causing rot in strawberry. By studying the pattern of temporal and spatial distribution of the redness of strawberry was conducted in four areas of commercial cultivation. With the data on incidence of disease progress curves and dispersion maps were constructed, and analysis of aggregation of plants by ordinary runs test. The results showed that the disease has a similar disease biotic distribution pattern similar to diseases which are dispersed in the row. To achieve other goals, isolates were obtained from plants with symptoms of gray mold on various properties of different cities in the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais and São Paulo, totaling 200 isolates. Initially, a study was conducted to verify the occurrence of other species of Botrytis in the fields of strawberry cultivation in Brazil. For this, the extraction of DNA from all strains was performed, followed by PCR with the specific species and B. cinerea and B. caroliniana primers. Despite the morphological variation observed among isolates , all were identified as B. cinerea . The survey on the practices used to control gray mold on strawberry was performed directly with the producers, who were asked about the products used for the control of disease, efficiency of these products and use of the practice of removing diseased material . It was possible to observe many problems, especially reduced use of cultural control measures, the use of products not recommended for culture and the low level of knowledge of the farmers. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the isolated main culture fungicides (iprodione , procymidone and thiophanate- methyl) was carried. Thus, a total of 100 isolates were grown in culture medium containing different doses of the fungicide was used. The results showed that 89% of isolates were insensitive to thiophanate-methyl fungicide, 36% to and 54% to procymidone. Considering the limited number of fungicides registered for the control of gray mold and the low sensitivity of isolates of B. cinerea to these products , it becomes difficult to manage this important disease of strawberry.
A cultura do morangueiro, Fragaria x ananassa Duch, tem enfrentado diversos problemas, dentre os quais destacam-se os causados por patógenos. Além de doenças amplamente conhecidas, como o mofo cinzento, novas doenças vêm causando sérios danos à cultura. Visando estudar os diversos problemas da cultura do morangueiro, este trabalho teve por objetivos: i) identificar o agente causal de uma podridão pós-colheita em frutos de morango; ii) estudar a dinâmica temporal e espacial do vermelhão do morangueiro, cuja etiologia é ainda desconhecida; iii) determinar as espécies de Botrytis que causam mofo cinzento em morangueiro no Brasil; iv) realizar um levantamento da situação atual do uso de fungicidas para controle do mofo cinzento do morangueiro; v) estudar a sensibilidade de isolados de B. cinerea aos fungicidas dicarboxamidas e benzimidazóis. A fim de identificar o agente causal da podridão pós-colheita de frutos de morango, isolados obtidos a partir de frutos sintomáticos foram analisados por meio de análises morfológicas e filogenéticas. Após a confirmação da patogenicidade dos isolados, foi feita a identificação das espécies como Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense e N. parvum. Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense no Brasil e o primeiro relato de Neofusicoccum spp. causando podridão em morango. O estudo do padrão de distribuição temporal e espacial do vermelhão do morangueiro foi realizado em quatro áreas de cultivo comercial. Com os dados de incidência da doença foram construídas curvas de progresso e mapas de dispersão, além da análise de agregação de plantas pelo teste de ordinário runs. Os resultados mostraram que a doença apresenta comportamento semelhante a uma doença biótica com padrão de distribuição semelhante ao de doenças que se dispersam na linha de plantio. Para atingir os demais objetivos, foram obtidos isolados a partir de plantas com sintomas do mofo cinzento, em diversas propriedades de diferentes cidades nos estados do Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais e São Paulo, totalizando 200 isolados. Inicialmente, foi realizado um estudo para verificar a ocorrência de outra espécie de Botrytis nos campos de cultivo de morango no Brasil. Para isso, foi feita a extração de DNA de todos os isolados, seguindo-se à reação de PCR com primers específicos para as espécies B. cinerea e B. caroliniana. Apesar da variação morfológica observada entre os isolados, todos foram identificados como B. cinerea. O levantamento sobre as práticas utilizadas para controle do mofo cinzento do morangueiro foi realizado diretamente com os produtores, que foram questionados quanto aos produtos utilizados para o controle da doença, eficiência de controle dos produtos e uso da prática de retirada de material doente. Foi possível observar diversos problemas, destacando-se o reduzido uso de medidas de controle cultural, o uso de produtos não recomendados para a cultura e o baixo nível de conhecimento dos produtores. Por fim, foi realizada a análise de sensibilidade dos isolados aos principais fungicidas utilizados na cultura (iprodiona, procimidona e tiofanato-metílico). Para isso, foi utilizado um total de 100 isolados, os quais foram crescidos em meio de cultura contendo diferentes doses dos fungicidas. Os resultados mostraram que 89% dos isolados foram insensíveis ao fungicida tiofanato-metílico, 36% ao iprodiona e 54% ao procimidona. Considerando o número restrito de fungicidas registrados para o controle do mofo cinzento e a baixa sensibilidade dos isolados de B. cinerea a estes produtos, torna-se difícil o manejo dessa importante doença do morangueiro.
46
Mota, Poliana Rocha D'Almeida 1978. "Aplicação via fertirrigação de soluções com diferentes condutividades elétricas para produção de gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) sob ambiente protegido /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103425.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Roberto Lyra Villas BôasBanca: Dirceu Maximino Fernandes
Banca: João Carlos Cury Saad
Banca: Valdemicio Ferreira de Sousa
Banca: Marcos Vinicius Folegatti
Resumo: O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a aplicação, via fertirrigação, de soluções com diferentes condutividades elétricas, bem como seu monitoramento e controle, no desenvolvimento e qualidade de cultivares de gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) em vaso, como meio de indicar a melhor concentração de sais a ser aplicada. O experimento foi conduzido sob cultivo protegido no Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo da Fazenda Experimental Lageado, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP Campus de Botucatu, município de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial constando de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica (CE) e dois cultivares em cada ciclo, totalizando quarenta parcelas. Os níveis de CE (soluções) foram: 0,5; 2,0; 3,5; 5,0 e 6,5 dS m-1, e o monitoramento da concentração de sais da solução do substrato na zona radicular das plantas foi realizado por meio da retirada da solução com extratores, duas vezes por semana. Durante o período de condução de cada experimento foi avaliado o pH, área foliar, fitomassa seca, quantidade de botões florais, teor e acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes na parte aérea da planta e teor de macro e micronutrientes na folha diagnóstico, concentração de nitrato na seiva da folha, concentração de nitrato e potássio na solução do substrato e intensidade de cor verde. Ao final do experimento foram avaliadas a fitomassa seca e o teor e acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes na parte aérea de plantas consideradas no ponto de comercialização e a classificação das plantas quanto à qualidade. Para as análises pósprodução foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: altura de plantas no início e ao final do experimento pós-produção, diâmetro da superfície foliar do vaso... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present research was developed with the objective of evaluating application through fertigation of solutions with different electrical conductivities as well as monitoring and control on the development and quality of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) in potted cultivars in order to find the best salt concentration content to apply. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Natural Resources Department Soil Science area on Lageado Experimental Farm, owned by Agronomy Science Faculty on Botucatu Campus, located in the town of Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The experimental design were randomized blocks with four repetitions in factorial scheme consisting of five electrical conductivity levels (EC) and two cultivars in each cycle, totalizing forty lots. The levels of EC (solutions) were: 0.5; 2.0; 3.5; 5.0 e 6.5 dS m-1, and the monitoring of salt concentration in the substratum solution in the root zone of the plants was done through the extraction of the solution by means of extractors twice a week. During the conduction of each experiment the following were evaluated: pH, leaf area, dry mass, floral bud quantity, accumulation of macro and trace element contents on the aerial portion of the plant, macro and trace element contents in the diagnostic leaf, nitrate concentration in the sap of the leaf, nitrate and potassium concentration in the substratum solution and green color intensity. At the finish of the experiment were evaluated: dry mass, accumulation of macro and trace element contents on the aerial portion of the plants considered to have reached their point of commercialization, as well as the classification of these plants with regard to their quality. For the post production analysis, the following parameters were evaluated: plant height at the start and at the finish of the post production experiment, diameter of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
47
Romero, Mancero Romeo Byron. "Estudio comparativo de seis diferentes tipos de substrato en la produccion de humus de limbriz y su incidencia productiva en hortalizas (rabano, acelga, cebolla blanca, col) /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1999. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/Benson,4183.
Повний текст джерела
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Chu, L.-M. "The value of pulverized refuse fines for plant growth and land reclamation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233803.
Повний текст джерела
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Marble, Stephen Christopher Sibley Jeffrey Lynn Gilliam Charles Homer. "Evaluation of composted poultry litter use in horticulture." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1918.
Повний текст джерела
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Minero, Amador Adolfo. "Use of gel additives for fluid drilled tomatoes." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65355.
Повний текст джерела