Статті в журналах з теми "Grouting (Soil stabilization) Testing"
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1
Ghadr, Soheil, Arya Assadi-Langroudi, Ching Hung, Brendan C. O’Kelly, Hadi Bahadori, and Taher Ghodsi. "Stabilization of Sand with Colloidal Nano-Silica Hydrosols." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 5192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Colloidal nano-silica (NS) hydrosols are electrochemically stabilized, polymerized amorphous silica in low viscosity solutions, and in the form of hydrated gels, silica globules or pellicles. Compared to applications in concrete technology, the use of silica-based binders for groundwork applications has received little attention. Silica-based hydrosols impose no known direct risks to humans and are generally courteous to the soil health and ecosystem service functions. Their localized impact on microorganisms however needs to be further investigated. To this end, NS hydrosols have a scope for use as an alternative low-viscose material in groundworks. The current understanding of interactions between NS hydrosols and soil (sand) is, however, confused by the limited availability of experimental evidence concerning undrained static flow and large strain behavior. The contributions, presented in this paper, advance the knowledge through experimental testing, molecular modelling, and micro-analytical measurements. Four grades of colloidal NS (1–15 wt.%) were synthesized for grouting medium-dense sub-angular fine siliceous sand specimens. Consolidated-undrained triaxial compression testing was performed on the base and treated sand for isotropic consolidation over the effective stress range 100–400 kPa. Overall, silica impregnation produced improvements in yield and residual undrained shear strengths, restricted unwelcomed impacts of excess pore water pressure, and led to the formation of generally more dilative, strain-hardening behavior. Steady states and static flow potential indices are also studied as functions of confinement level and viscosity of the NS grout.
2
Ibragimov, M. N., V. I. Mitrakov, and N. T. Fateev. "Experience with soil stabilization by vibratory grouting." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 44, no. 6 (November 2007): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11204-007-0039-5.
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3
Dwi Atmanto, Indrastono. "PENGENALAN STABILISASI TANAH DENGAN JET GROUTING." Teknik 34, no. 2 (September 13, 2013): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v34i2.5628.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to restriction of land availability it is frequently we have to build constructions on soft or low bearingcapacity soils, so that soil stabilization must be applied in order to increase its properties. There are manytechniques of soil stabilization, where its applicability depends on many factors regarding appropriateengineering judgement. This paper presents the soil stabilization method by jet grouting, including its theory andpractice.
4
Hu, Haibo, Qiqin Jin, Feng Yang, Jiajin Zhou, Junjie Ma, Xiaonan Gong, and Jin Guo. "A Novel Method for Testing the Effect of Base Post-Grouting of Super-Long Piles." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2022): 10996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122110996.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The base post-grouting technology is widely used in pile foundation engineering to improve its behavior. For super-long piles, due to the large compression of pile shaft, conventional static load tests cannot effectively test the effect of post-grouting at the pile base. This study introduced a novel method to test the effect of base post-grouting of three 88 m long piles. A total of three test piles were grouted at the bottom of the piles. The grouting amount of the No. 1 pile was 500 kg, the No. 2 pile was 250 kg, and the No. 3 pile was 0 kg. The transmitted wave method in the pile and dynamic penetration method were used in combination to quantitatively evaluate the effect of base post-grouting on the soil below the pile base. The influencing range of base post-grouting was firstly evaluated by the transmitted wave method in the pile, and the strength of the soil before and after grouting under the same pile base was measured by the dynamic penetration method. The test results showed that: the depth of the pile base reinforcement was 2 m for No. 1 pile, and 1 m for No. 2 pile, which was consistent with the grouting amount; the elastic modulus of the soil below the pile base after base post-grouting was about twice that of the soil before base post-grouting; the strength of the soil below pile base was largely improved after grouting; and the bearing capacity of the base soil layer increased from 35.5% to 41.7% when the grouting amount increased from 250 kg to 500 kg.
5
Baharuddin, INZ, Hairin Taha, RC Omar, R. Roslan, FS Buslima, and K. Rizal. "Evaluation of Vege-Grout Treated Slope by Electrical Resistivity." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.22352.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil stabilization using bio-grouting method based on microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology has been developed recently to improve the engineering properties of the soil. This new technology could provide an alternative to traditional methods of soil stabilization using soil-cement and chemical grouting. Vegetable waste is a good source for the growth of various kinds of microorganisms which is suitable to be applied as bio-grouting material. The bio-grout extract known as vege-grout was able to induce bio-cementation and bio-clogging process. In this study, vege-grout from vegetable waste was injected into the soil to strengthen the slope and improve the mechanical properties of the affected area. The changes in the subsurface soil after treatment with vege-grout were evaluated by electrical resistivity measurement. Resistivity test showed the resistance in the soil has increased after the grouting using vege-grout. Results indicated that the underneath soils have transformed from medium dense sand to dense sand. The water containment in the subsurface appeared to shift deeper into the ground. SEM analysis showed evidence of bio-clogging process as a result of microbial activities in the soil. This analysis showed that the vege-grout from vegetable waste has successfully strengthened and stabilized the slope from soil erosion.
6
Pamuk, Ahmet, Patricia Gallagher, and Korhan Adalier. "Soil Grouting as Seismic Liquefaction Countermeasure." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 1035–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.1035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a series of centrifuge tests studying the performance of colloidal silica grouted soil layers during permanent lateral ground deformations due to earthquake induced lateral spreading. Two centrifuge tests were conducted to study liquefaction resistance of liquefiable soil deposits stabilized with colloidal silica, and then the results were compared with the tests conducted on similar soil deposits without any soil remediation. The testing results on remediated soils showed excellent resistance against the liquefaction and associated lateral and vertical ground deformations.
7
Nichols, Silas C., and Deborah J. Goodings. "Physical Model Testing of Compaction Grouting in Cohesionless Soil." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 126, no. 9 (September 2000): 848–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2000)126:9(848).
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Li, He Qun, and Feng Yun Yu. "On the Tilt of the Kaifeng Iron Pagoda and Rectification Measures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.625.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to the frequent northwest wind, many times of earthquakes and floods, as well as the loose soil and higher underground water level, the famous pagoda has been in the tilt for many years. Rectification measures include foundation stabilization, landing, grouting, drawing out soil, water-injecting, so on. Be sure to make model test before operation.
9
Chen, Hua Liang, and Da Wei Wang. "Chemical Grouting Technique to Strengthen the Bridge (Culvert) Abutment Soft Ground Projects." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2065–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2065.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Guangxi the Yulin Tieshan'gang Expressway Bridge Grouting roadbed practice, describes a chemical grouting of construction methods to prevent highway traffic bridgehead depression after jumping disease, cone penetration test by heavy cone momentum before and after grouting Deflection detection method for testing the effects of the project, validation of the technology for the new road bridge (culvert) abutment soil reinforcement pretreatment oil with good results, can significantly improve the bearing capacity of foundation.
10
Yao, Zhishu, Mingkai Liu, Xiaojian Wang, Bin Tang, and Weipei Xue. "Deflection Mechanism and Treatment Technology of Permanent Derrick of Freeze Sinking on Deep Alluvium." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1362628.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aiming at the problems of deflection and operation safety of permanent derrick of freeze sinking shafts, the mechanism analysis of uneven settling of the derrick foundations in frost-thawed soil was conducted. In addition, research on ground stabilization and derrick deviation rectification technologies was also studied in this paper based on the engineering practice of derrick of auxiliary shaft in the Dingji Coal Mine. Firstly, since the soil texture and artificial freeze temperature field are uneven, the bearing capacity and compression modulus of soil mass decrease after freeze thawing, resulting in uneven settlement of the foundation soil of the derrick footing and causing the deflection of the derrick. The finite element numerical analysis indicates that, in the event of uneven settling, the greatest tensile stress in the derrick structure of Dingji auxiliary shaft increased by 39.83% and the largest pressure stress increased by 33.33%. Secondly, this study used sleeve valve pipe single-fluid static pressure grouting technology to reinforce the foundation of the derrick footing. The reinforced depth of grouting is 32 m, and every derrick foundation has adopted three circles of grouting holes for grouting reinforcement. Meanwhile, the hydraulic synchronous jacking system was used to rectify the deviation of the derrick, restoring the centre line of derrick ascension to the original design state. Finally, the practice of grouting, foundation consolidation, and derrick deviation rectification projects of the Dingji auxiliary shaft suggest that, after grouting reinforcement, the rate of foundation settlement is gradually decreased and tends to be stable. This has resulted in uniform settlement, and through four basic jacking, the deflection of the derrick has been corrected to its initial design state.
11
Tian, Zhifeng, Xiaowei Tang, Jing Li, Zhilong Xiu, and Zhijia Xue. "Influence of the Grouting Parameters on Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation for Soil Stabilization." Geomicrobiology Journal 38, no. 9 (August 10, 2021): 755–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2021.1946623.
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12
Zhilkina, Tatyana, Stanislav Sychugov, Alexander Gumeniuk, Rimantas Mackevicius, Vadim Turchin, Vladimir Vasilev, Marat Zakirov, and Alexander Ilinsky. "Technology of soil stabilization with cement-sand grouting mortar with optimal aggregate grading." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 05046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819305046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article studies technological, physical and technical properties and corrosion resistance of cement-sand slurry. Comparative data of the strength of test samples made on mortars of equal mobility with a composition of 1:1 (C: S) using river sand with fineness moduli (Mf): 1.50; 1.35; 1.25, showed the best results in the latter case. The use of the "Mylonaft M1" plasticizer in the solution in an amount of 0.5 % of the mass of the cementing with sand with Mf = 1.25 allowed to keep the mobility of 200 mm at W/C ratio = 0.6 without loss of the mixture homogeneity. Investigation of the corrosion resistance of sample mortars with the introduction of 1 % Na2SO4 into it during the process of its preparation made it possible to achieve stability in aggressive sulfate media at low (T = 20 °C) and normal temperatures (T = 5 ° C). In order to mechanize the work on strengthening the loess soils with cementing slurry the traditional equipment used in the production (stationary solution station with a compressor and a pump) has been compared with the advanced mobile unit UNB-125 × 50 SO on the basis of KamAZ 363501.
13
Putra, Heriansyah, and Irgie Yudhistira. "Improvement of the California Bearing Ratio of Peat Soil Using Soybean Crude Urease Calcite Precipitation." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 2411–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-11-04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to its high organic matter, moisture content, and low bearing capacity, peat soil needs to be stabilized for use as a subgrade. The soybean crude urease calcite precipitation (SCU-CP) method is a grouting technique using carbonate precipitation and soybean as a biocatalyst. This study aims to analyze the effect of the SCU-CP method and soil density on the California bearing ratio (CBR) value to obtain the best stabilization alternative for reducing the field’s compaction energy. The CBR test was conducted in both soaked and unsoaked conditions. The study was conducted with variations of 50%, 70%, and 90% density of Standard Proctor and used grouting treatment with a combination of optimum SCU-CP solution for the treated samples. The results showed a significant increase in CBR, with an average increase of more than two times compared to untreated samples. In terms of compaction effort, a density of 70% Proctor in unsoaked conditions with SCU-CP treatment is the best alternative. However, considering the soil saturation level and the swelling of the subgrade layer, 90% proctor density with SCU-CP treatment can be recommended as a stabilization method without dewatering. This research concluded that the SCU-CP method could improve the CBR value of peat soil.
14
Gamil, Yaser, Ismail Bakar, and Kemas Ahmed. "Simulation and Development of Instrumental Setup to Be Used for Cement Grouting of Sand Soil." Emerging Science Journal 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2017-01112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Most of Arab countries areas are occupied with deserts that is covered with sandy soil. Thus, it is necessary to make use of this huge volume of sand to be as construction materials. It is proven that, sand is initially uneven and unstable. It requires pre-modifications of its primer properties in order to be used as construction materials. One of the common techniques is injecting the sand with binders. Many grouting techniques has been implanted to modify or rehabilitate the structure of soil but for sandy soil the methods has not yet been introduced Therefore, this study aimed at developing simulation and instrumental setup to be used for cement grouting. The simulation has been custom made and utilized to form grouted samples for further investigation. The method of injecting sand is by applying pressure to produce force flow in order to be injected into the sand. After the formation of injected sand samples, an experimental investigation was carried out to determine the basic properties. Shear strength of the sand was recorded before and after grouting. It was found that, the shear strength has increased after injecting the sand with cement and the setup has produced accurate grouted samples with even distribution of the cement mix. The results of the various investigations conclusively proved that grouting can be used as an effective way to improve the strength characteristics significantly and can also contribute to the stabilization of sand.
15
Putra, Heriansyah, Hideaki Yasuhara, Erizal, Sutoyo, and Muhammad Fauzan. "Review of Enzyme-Induced Calcite Precipitation as a Ground-Improvement Technique." Infrastructures 5, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures5080066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Calcite-induced precipitation methods (CIPMs) have recently become potential techniques in geotechnical engineering for improving the shear strength of sandy soil. One of the most promising methods among them is enzyme-induced calcite precipitation (EICP). In this technique, a mixed solution composed of reagents and the urease enzyme, which produces calcite, is utilized as the grouting material. The precipitated calcite in granular soil provides ties among the grains of soil and limits their mobility, thus promoting an improvement in strength and stiffness and also a reduction in the hydraulic conductivity of sandy soil. This paper discusses the potential increase in the strength and stiffness of the soil, the additional materials for grouting, the effect of these materials on the treatment process, and the engineering properties of the soil. The possible sources of the urease enzyme and the applicability of the EICP method to other soil types are also discussed in this paper. The environmental and economic impacts of the application of EICP are also presented. The envisioned plans for application, potential advantages, and limitations of EICP for soil stabilization are discussed. Finally, the primary challenges and opportunities for development in future research are briefly addressed.
16
Zhou, Wan-Huan, Jian-Hua Yin, and Cheng-Yu Hong. "Finite element modelling of pullout testing on a soil nail in a pullout box under different overburden and grouting pressures." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 4 (April 2011): 557–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t10-086.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model is developed to simulate the pullout behaviour of a soil nail in a soil-nail pullout box under different overburden and grouting pressures. The FE model simulates all the procedures of a pullout test on a grouted soil nail in a compacted and saturated completely decomposed granite (CDG) soil. The stress–strain behaviour of the CDG soil is described by a modified Drucker–Prager/Cap model, while that of the soil–nail interface is represented by the Coulomb friction model. Triaxial experiment data are used to calibrate the soil parameters in the soil constitutive model. The interface parameters are determined from back-analysis with the laboratory soil-nail pullout data. The soil stress variations surrounding the soil nail during drilling, grouting, saturation, and pullout are all well simulated by the FE modelling and compared with available test data. The comparisons between the modelling and experimental data have shown that the established FE can well simulate the pullout behaviour of a soil nail in a soil mass. Based on this, the verified FE model has the potential to simulate the performance of a soil nail in a field soil slope.
17
Al-Gharbawi, Ahmed S. A., Ahmed M. Najemalden, and Mohammed Y. Fattah. "Expansive Soil Stabilization with Lime, Cement, and Silica Fume." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010436.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The type of soil known as expansive soil is capable of changing its volume through swelling and contracting. These types of soils are mostly composed of montmorillonite, a mineral with the capacity to absorb water, which causes the soil to heave by increasing its volume. Due to their capacity to contract or expand in response to seasonal fluctuations in the water content, these expansive soils might prove to be a significant risk to engineering structures. Many studies have dealt with swelling soils and investigated the behavior of these soils, as well as their improvement. In this study, three percentages of lime, cement, and silica fume (5, 7, 9%) are used to stabilize the expansive soil, and the work is divided into two sections: the first is using a consolidation test to record the free swell and swell pressure for the untreated and treated soils; in the second part, the grouting technique is utilized as a process that can be applied in the field to maintain the improvement in the bearing capacity. It is concluded that the soil stabilized with different percentages of lime, cement, and silica fume exhibits a decrease in both free swell and swelling pressure by approximately 65% and 76%, respectively, as compared with untreated soil. The soil grouted with silica fume increases the bearing capacity of footings resting on the grouted soil by approximately 64% to 82% for the soil treated with 5% and 9% silica fume, respectively, as compared with untreated soil.
18
Angelova, Roumyana. "Loess-cement long-term strength — a facilitating factor for loess improvement applications." Geologica Balcanica 36, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2007): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/geolbalc.36.3-4.21.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The investigations are carried out with sandy, silty and clayey loess varieties from North Bulgaria. The obtained results manifest a significant increase of the compressive strength of loess-cement mixtures in time (1.5—5.0 times) in comparison with the standard test period (1 month). This is a favourable factor for wide and various application of this material. The methods included in the group of surface mixing (soil-cement cushions; impervious screens and protective facings) are developed and widely used in Bulgaria. Unfortunately, the group for deep stabilization (deep mixing method; jet-grouting and soil-cement piles) is only occasionally applied in Bulgaria. Deep mixing stabilization is of great promise in treatment of high collapsible loess bases, saturated loess, loess areas with high seismic intensity and different environmental applications.
19
Najib, Agus Setyawan, and Dwiyanto Joko Suprapto. "Grouting design for slope stability of kedung uling earthfill dam." MATEC Web of Conferences 147 (2018): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814707001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Kedung Uling earthfill dam locates at Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The dam encountered sliding and settlement at the embankment wall. To minimize sliding and settlement and to optimize the dam, both field investigation and laboratory tests have been proceeded for slope stability analysis and remedial embankment wall. Soil and rock investigation around the dam, which is followed by 10 core drillings, have been conducted. Laboratory tests such as direct shear and index properties have also been carried on. The results were further used for dam slope stability model using slide 6.0 and were used to analyzed factor of safety (FS) of Kedunguling dam. 10 conditions of dam were simulated and strengthening body of dam with grouting was designed. The results showed two conditions, which are condition of maximum water level with and without earthquake at downstream, were unsatisfy Indonesia National Standard (SNI) for building and infrastructure. These conditions can be managed by using grouting for increasing stabilization of embankment wall. By setting up grouting, factor of safety increases and meet the SNI standard requirement.
20
Xu, Wei, Shao Wen Du, and Xuan Cang Wang. "Application of Transient Rayleigh Wave for Highway Testing of Compaction Grouting in Subgrade Reinforcement." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 1260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.1260.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper, based on expressway cases of foundations reinforcement by compaction grouting, presents the results of comparative test among the different traditional engineering method, including soil test, in-situ test, deflection test. It is proved that the application of transient Rayleigh wave(TRW) technology will greatly improve the efficiency of highway surveys, with advantages of high-efficiency, wide –use, non-destructivity and reliability.
21
Kiecana, Monika, Piotr Kanty, and Klaudia Łużyńska. "Optimal control time evaluation for “dry DSM” soil-cement composites." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825101023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil improvements with hydraulic binders are a widespread practice in foundation works. They vary depending on the mixing method (jet grouting hydraulic, deep soil mixing -mechanical), medium type (wet/water, dry/air) and binder type (cement, lime, fly ash or mixtures). The produced component’s strength changes in time thus its control should change in time as well. The paper presents the results of laboratory testing of an organic soil component mixed in dry method. The process of samples preparation and testing methodology of compressive strength and stiffness is described. Volatility of the parameters in time is considered. On the basis of the results, recommendation for optimal quality control time and its methodology for soil-cement components might be proposed.
22
Ateş, Ali. "The Effect of Polymer-Cement Stabilization on the Unconfined Compressive Strength of Liquefiable Soils." International Journal of Polymer Science 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/356214.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The use of nontraditional chemical stabilizers in soil improvement is growing daily. In this study a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of waterborne polymer on unconfined compression strength and to study the effect of cement grout on pre-venting of liquefiable sandy soils. The laboratory tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and unconfined compressive strength test. The sand and various amounts of polymer (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and cement (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were mixed with all of them into dough using mechanical kneader in laboratory conditions. Grouting experiment is performed with a cylindrical mould of mm. The samples were subjected to unconfined compression tests to determine their strength after 7 and 14 days of curing. The results of the tests indicated that the waterborne polymer significantly improved the unconfined compression strength of sandy soils which have susceptibility of liquefaction.
23
Lidmila, Martin, Zdeněk Prošek, Jan Trejbal, and Václav Nežerka. "Testing of 3-Dimensional Stabilizing Elements for Protection of Slopes: Possibilities of In Situ Testing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 827 (February 2016): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.827.239.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The testing results obtained during investigation of 3D mat are presented in the article. The spatial mat is designed to provide a cheap, efficient and durable soil stabilization on slopes. The testing was focused on development of suitable methods to be used when assessing foil properties on-site. The tested samples were extracted from mats that were used for soil stabilization at the location of mine Nástup Tušimice (Company Severočeské doly, Czech Republic) and exposed to external environment and weathering for 2 years. The performance of the mats was compared with reference samples from unused mats stored for 2 years in laboratory conditions. The testing revealed that deterioration of the material is negligible over the period of 2 years.
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Carlina, M., Y. Apriyanti, and F. Fahriani. "The Effect of Addition of Bagasse Ash and Eggshell Powder on CBR Value of Clay Soil." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 926, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/926/1/012102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In the construction of road construction, soil bearing capacity, such as the CBR value, needs to be considered. In clay soil, the CBR value of the soil is low, so that stabilization material can be added to its repair. In this study, the stabilization materials used were waste materials in the form of bagasse ash and eggshell powder. Variations in the mixture of bagasse ash mixture used in this study were 7%, 10%, and 13% plus 3% eggshell powder. Testing in this study includes testing moisture content, sieve analysis, specific gravity, consistency limits, compaction testing, and CBR. The soil classification system used is the Unified classification (USCS), a test guideline based on SNI. From the CBR soaked test, it was found that the CBR value of clay soil increased along with the increase in the percentage of bagasse ash plus 3% eggshell powder and the increase in collisions on the soil. The percentage increase in the CBR value of clay soil with a mixture of stabilization to clay soil is 92.303%. at 65 blow. So that bagasse ash and eggshell powder greatly affect the increase in the CBR value of clay soil.
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Kollaros, G., and A. Athanasopoulou. "SAND AS A SOIL STABILIZER." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 2 (July 27, 2017): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11783.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Clayey soils often exhibit undesirable engineering behaviour such as low strength, swelling and shrinkage characteristics etc. To improve these properties, the common method followed is stabilization. An experimental program carried out in this study aims to highlight the physical mechanisms of stabilization of an expansive soil by adding an inert material (sand). The study aimed to analyze the effect of stabilization on the variation of soil consistency and the results have shown that soil consistency improved appreciably. The findings of the laboratory testing procedures also presented substantial improvement in strength with the addition of sand percentages up to 60% by weight of soil, as well a noticeable alteration in the moisture-density relation. The soil tested could be used as subgrade material in pavement structures for low volume bearing roads, after its stabilization with fine sand. A further step in the investigation process could be the analysis of the swelling potential of clayey soils in conjunction with the addition of other waste materials along with sand, as well as the cost-benefit relationships of stabilization with sand in large projects like the highway construction.
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Chang, Muhsiung, and Ren-Chung Huang. "Observations of hydraulic fracturing in soils through field testing and numerical simulations." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 2 (February 2016): 343–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hydraulic fracturing is a potential cause of leakage of earth dams or loss of fluid in drilling and field permeability testing. The effect of hydraulic fracturing on soil grouting is also a major concern. Although hydraulic fracturing has been adopted for decades by the petroleum industry for oil recovery in rock formations, studies on fracturing in soils are relatively few and inconclusive. The aim of this study is to provide further insight into the mechanism of hydrofracturing in soils through a field grouting trial and numerical simulation. We observe hydraulic fracturing in soils during this field trial as predicted by generally accepted groutability requirements. The hydraulic fractures are found vertically developed up to the ground surface. Numerical simulations show the hydraulic fracturing is easier to be initiated in anisotropic stress conditions, where the minor principal stress is the key factor. Numerical simulations also demonstrate significant compressions and shears during injection, suggesting the mechanism of fracturing in soils would be a shearing type. Based on this study, we propose a punching and splitting mode for the hydrofracturing in soils. The equation associated with estimating fracturing pressure is verified, and the results are found to be in good agreement with the cases examined.
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Shah, Syed Husnain Ali, Umer Habib, Abdullah Mohamed, Mubashir Aziz, Qasim ur Rehman, and Asma Saleem. "Laboratory and In Situ Stabilization of Compacted Clay through Granite Waste Powder." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 3, 2022): 14459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114459.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of granite waste powder on the behavior of compacted clay soil in both field and laboratory environments. Samples were collected from clay soil exposed at Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The sampled soils contain kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonites. The samples were mixed with various quantities, i.e., 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight of granite waste powder collected from various stone industries in district Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. They were then subjected to a variety of geotechnical testing in both the laboratory and the field, following the standard ASTM procedures. The results show that mixing with granite-cutting waste enhances the quality of the soil in both the field and laboratory settings by increasing its bearing capacity (BC), dry density (DD), California-bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), penetration resistance, and angle of internal friction and by reducing the optimum moisture content, cohesion, porosity, void ratio, and saturation potential. The resulting improvement is mainly due to the stronger, denser, and less hydrophilic character of the constituents of the added rock powders than the raw soil. It is observed that adding 40% granite waste powder produces the best outcome. However, there is a significant difference in the magnitude of the impact on soil quality between the laboratory and field testing. Owing to differences in the testing environment, soil volume, and compaction effort and energy, the amount of improvement is higher in laboratory testing than in field testing.
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Saneiyan, Sina, Dimitrios Ntarlagiannis, and Frederick Colwell. "Complex conductivity signatures of microbial induced calcite precipitation, field and laboratory scales." Geophysical Journal International 224, no. 3 (October 23, 2020): 1811–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa510.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARY Soil stabilization processes aim at enhancing soil's engineering properties. Although the concept is straightforward, it involves physical and chemical changes to the subsurface that could result in local environmental changes. Compared to conventional soil stabilization methods (such as cement grouting), bio-mediated soil stabilization, such as microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP), offers the opportunity to minimize environmental impact, but the underlying processes need to be well understood for proper applications. Accurate characterization and long-term monitoring are paramount for the success of soil improvement, especially MICP treatments. Spectral induced polarization (SIP), an established geophysical method, has shown to be sensitive to MICP processes and products (e.g. calcite). In this work, we performed a two-phase study to explore SIP's suitability as a monitoring tool. Phase 1 involved a laboratory scale MICP study under controlled conditions and phase 2 a pilot field scale study. In the laboratory, MICP was induced through the introduction of ureolytic microorganisms, while in the field, indigenous soil microbes were stimulated to promote ureolysis. In both cases, traditional geochemical monitoring, along with spatiotemporally dense SIP monitoring, were performed. Over the course of the laboratory study, SIP successfully tracked the MICP progress as well as the calcite precipitation behaviour. Similarly, the SIP results of the field scale study showed to be sensitive to the subsurface changes in response to MICP. SIP offered spatiotemporally rich information on the MICP progress and process status. The similarity between observed signal trends in the laboratory and field in this study clearly proved that SIP signals from MICP in controlled laboratory environments can be successfully used to study field MICP applications despite scale and complexity differences.
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Hebib, Samir, and Eric R. Farrell. "Some experiences on the stabilization of Irish peats." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the findings of a study into the engineering properties of two peats from the Irish Midlands that were mixed with various binders to form a stabilized soil. The study comprised an investigation of the increase in unconfined compressive strength over time achieved using different binders for both peats and a comprehensive series of triaxial and compression tests on one peat when mixed with cement. A stabilized structure (i.e., a stabilized surface layer and a stabilized column) was tested in a large testing chamber in Trinity College to compare the laboratory parameters with those interpreted from the results of the large-scale test. The study showed that the engineering properties of the peat were considerably improved when mixed with some binders, however the degrees of improvement were markedly different for the two peats that had similar organic content. The formation of the stabilized soil structure within the testing chamber significantly reduced the amount of settlement when compared with that interpreted for the untreated soil, and the rate of consolidation was accelerated. A finite element analysis of the recorded behaviour in the large testing chamber showed good agreement between the simulated and the experimental behaviour.Key words: peat, cement, stabilization, compressibility, column.
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Dwi Ratnaningsih, Zuhrufah Diana Azza, Gerard Aponno,. "PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN SEMEN DAN GARAM UNTUK STABILISASI TANAH DASAR." PROKONS Jurusan Teknik Sipil 12, no. 2 (July 18, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/prokons.v12i2.160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil is the key of the road foundations. Soil of high CBR value will have good bearing capacity for road construction. Conversely, soil stabilization must be carried out to the subgrade that has bad bearing capacity. The goals of this analysis are to find out the soil characteristict of before stabilization, CBR values of before and after stabilization, the optimum cement use and salt (NaCl) use as stabilizers.The results of soil poperties test in Silt High Plasticity (MH) based on Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and A-7-5 based on American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official (AASHTO). The result of CBR without stabilization is 3.64% for standard soaked and 5.13% for modified soaked. The maximum results of stabilized testing with cement showed 9.802 % CBR; 69.298% CBR of each sample respectively standard and modified soaked test; of salt showed 3.93% CBR; 5.33% CBR of standard and modified soaked test of each sample respectively. Keywords: CBR, cement, NaCl, soil stabilization
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Jang, Young-Eun, and Jin-Tae Han. "Field study on axial bearing capacity and load transfer characteristic of waveform micropile." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, no. 5 (May 2018): 653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2017-0155.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The waveform micropile is an advanced construction method that combines the concept of the conventional micropile with the jet grouting method. This new form of micropile was developed to improve shaft resistance, and has enabled a higher bearing capacity and greater cost efficiency. Two field tests were conducted to examine field applicability and to verify the effects of bearing capacity enhancement. In particular, waveform micropile construction using the jet grouting method was performed to evaluate the viability of waveform micropile installation. After testing, the surrounding ground was excavated to check the shape of the waveform micropile. The result showed that waveform micropiles can be installed by adjusting the grouting time and pressure. In the loading tests, the bearing capacity of the waveform micropile increased by 1.4–2.3 times that of the conventional micropile, depending on the shape of the micropile. The load transfer analysis using the strain gauge data showed that the waveform micropile increases the shaft resistance in the soil layer. This not only decreases pile settlement, but also contributes to the increase of overall bearing capacity. The overall results clearly demonstrate that the waveform micropile is an enhanced construction method that can improve bearing capacity.
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Parsons, Robert L., and Justin P. Milburn. "Engineering Behavior of Stabilized Soils." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1837, no. 1 (January 2003): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1837-03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stabilization of soils is an effective method for improving soil properties and pavement system performance. For many soils, more than one stabilization agent may be effective, and financial considerations or availability may be the determining factor on which to use. A series of tests was conducted to evaluate the relative performance of lime, cement, Class C fly ash, and an enzymatic stabilizer. These products were combined with a total of seven different soils with Unified Soil Classification System classifications of CH, CL, ML, and SM. Durability testing procedures included freeze–thaw, wet–dry, and leach testing. Atterberg limits and strength tests also were conducted before and after selected durability tests. Changes in pH were monitored during leaching. Relative values of soil stiffness were tracked over a 28-day curing period using the soil stiffness gauge. Lime- and cement-stabilized soils showed the most improvement in soil performance for multiple soils, with fly ash–treated soils showing substantial improvement. The results showed that for many soils, more than one stabilization option may be effective for the construction of durable subgrades. The enzymatic stabilizer did not perform as well as the other stabilization alternatives.
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Wicaksono, Febri Nuryadi, Fatma Sarie, and Okrobianus Hendri. "Pengaruh Penambahan Abu Kayu, Kapur Dan Styrofoam Sebagai Bahan Campuran Pada Tanah Lempung Terhadap Nilai CBR." Media Ilmiah Teknik Sipil 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/mits.v10i2.3592.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Building construction is influenced by the existing soil conditions. Clay soil is one of the soils that have deficiencies, both in bearing strength and the nature of the soil itself, so soil stabilization is needed. Soil stabilization is an attempt to improve soil properties. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and to analyze the effect of wood ash, lime, and styrofoam on the CBR value. The soil samples were located in Tumbang Liting Village, Kasongan Lama Village, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan. To overcome this unstable soil, alternative materials were added in this study, the materials used were wood ash, lime, and styrofoam. The mixture of materials mentioned for stabilization is expected to improve soil properties. For the percentage of mixed variations, namely 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Soil testing is carried out according to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards. The results obtained from the test show that the CBR value of clay occurs in each variation of the mixture. For the percentage of the original soil, the CBR value was obtained by 3.05%. Soil yields with a mixture of wood ash, lime, and styrofoam with the highest CBR percentage values occurred at variations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% increased during the 7-day ripening period of 5.45%; 6.40%; 7.39%. For the highest design CBR value, there was a mixture of soil, wood ash, kapu, and styrofoam 10% 7-day curing of 7.39%, an increase of 142.30% from the original soil CBR, so that the mixture of native soil, wood ash, lime, and styrofoam had an effect on soil stabilization.
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Resti Meysita Pramaesti, Syahril, and Hendry. "Expansive Soil Stabilization Using Mud (Lapindo) and Asphalt Emulsion." Potensi: Jurnal Sipil Politeknik 23, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/potensi.v23i2.2549.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Most of Gedebage area consist of expansive soil and always greatly induce disturbance to structure of foundation. Nature properties of expansive soil is a high plasticity value, low soil shear strength, high swelling, and large potential for shrinkage. One solution for soil improvement is to use an additional material to stabilize this soil. Additional material uses locked emulsion asphalt 8% and mud from Lapindo area in variation of 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%. The results of testing the physical and mechanical properties after stabilization indicates increasing of density value around 68%. Plasticity index tends to decrease until 10% from CBR test. CBR values with curing time of 14 days are 8.1% for unsoaked and by 4.6% for soaked conditions.
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Patil, Pratiksha R. "Study on Soil Stabilization by Using Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS)." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 2506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37793.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Soil stabilization has become the more issue in construction activity. In this study we focus on improvement of soil by using Fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). In many villages there was demolition of houses due to flood situation and landslide so stabilization of soil is very important factor in this area. In these studies we use local Fly ash and Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for stabilization of soil. Soil are generally stabilized to increase their strength and durability or to prevent soil erosion. The properties of soil vary a great deal at different places or in certain cases even at one place the success of soil stabilization depends on soil testing. Various methods are there to stabilize soil and the method should be verified in the lab with the soil material before applying it on the field. The various percentages of Fly ash and GGBS were mixed with soil sample to conduct soil test. Using fly ash reduces the plasticity index which has potential impact on engineering properties also GGBS has cementations property which acts as binding material for the soil. On addition of 15% Fly ash and 5% GGBS increase the strength of soil (according to IS2720:1985) it’s recommended for better result. Keywords: Stabilization of soil, Fly ash, GGBS, Black cotton soil, Soil test.
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Jadhav, Prasad, Shital Sakpal, Harsal Khedekar, Pramila Pawar, and Mithunkumar Malipatil. "Experimental Investigation of Soil Stabilization by Using Alum Sludge." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: The soil stabilization is essential requirement before road infrastructure development is carried out. No. of binding materials are used worldwide as a soil stabilizer. In this project waste material [i.e Alum Sludge] was used as soil stabilizer. Alum sludge can solve the problem of waste management at large scale as well as work as low cost soil stabilizer. Use of alum sludge can be a sustainable solution and environmental friendly. The alum sludge was applied as a binding material similar as a cement and lime. To stabilize the soil with the addition of 5%,10%,15%, 20%, and 25% etc. To investigate the resulting improvement in soil strength by using California Bearing Ratio [CBR] particle size analysis atterberg’s limit test and modified proctor test with addition of 5%, 10%, 15%,20%, 25%. of alum sludge to soil sample after inspection of result. From the experimental result i.e. CBR , at 15% alum sludge replacement shows greater strength. Keywords: Alum, sludge, soil, stabilization, Testing
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Rogers, Christopher D. F., and Stephanie Glendinning. "Lime Requirement for Stabilization." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1721, no. 1 (January 2000): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1721-02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lime is used in construction as a rapid and economic method of improving the strength and stiffness characteristics of clay soils. For economical design, an engineer must know how much lime is required to initiate the required improvements. If lime stabilization is to be compared with alternative solutions in the early stages of a project, it must be possible to make this assessment rapidly and with the minimum expenditure on additional specialist testing. The ASTM Standard Test Method for Determining Stabilization Ability of Lime (MDSAL) aims to determine the quantity of lime required for stabilization using simple methodology to generate results quickly. Additional, much lengthier testing is recommended to verify the lime requirement if lime is considered feasible following MDSAL testing. Problems have been found in the execution of the test and interpretation of results, concluding in inconsistency in the lime quantities calculated. This inconsistency could lead to substantial differences in the estimated cost of the overall scheme and possibly to the unwarranted rejection of lime stabilization as a potential solution. The methodology of the MDSAL test through practical experimentation is reviewed and recommendations for its future use are made. The sensitivity of the test to changes in lime quality, volume of water added, and temperature of the soil-water-lime mixture is examined. It is shown that, although extremely sensitive to changes in these parameters, a revised interpretation of test data means that a reliable and consistent result can be achieved. The scientific basis for this revised interpretation is also demonstrated.
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Chairuddin, F., and Evelyn. "Compression strength testing model on clay soil stabilization using variations of cement composition." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 434 (December 3, 2018): 012192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/434/1/012192.
Повний текст джерела
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VOLKOV, N. G., and I. S. SOKOLOV. "COMPARISON OF SOIL TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT BY CONE PENETRATION TESTING AND BOREHOLE THERMOMETRY." Engineering survey 12, no. 7-8 (November 20, 2018): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650-2018-12-7-8-16-24.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Development of infrastructure located in cryolithozone requires the use of modern geotechnical technologies for frozen soil investigation. Accurate soil temperature measurement is the necessary condition for engineering-geocryological survey and geotechnical monitoring. In the article a new method is considered on how to measure soil temperature by cone penetration testing (CPT). The cone temperature stabilization is described in detail, including the existing criteria of thermal stabilization of a cone. The results of temperature measurements are presented for both frozen and non-frozen soils and obtained by CPT (cone with a temperature sensor) and using borehole thermometry (thermistor string), which measured in both holes drilled by a rig and left after the cone penetration testing completion. Detailed analysis of accuracy of soil temperature measurement is also provided. The comparison of the obtained results is performed and the discrepancy of the measured soil temperature in absolute values is estimated. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that all the soil temperature values measured by different methods are sufficiently close to each other and the true value of the natural soil temperature are all located in the zone of intersection of the confidence intervals of each temperature measurement, performed at corresponding depths by different methods. All obtained temperature values do not cross the accuracy limits of temperature sensors, used both in cone penetration testing and borehole thermometry. High accuracy of temperature measurement by CPT is proved and feasibility of CPT application for soil temperature measurement is justified as an express-monitoring method.
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James, Jijo, S. V. Sivapriya, Sajid Ali, T. R. Madhu, and Basudev Singh. "WETTING AND DRYING RESISTANCE OF LIME-STABILIZED EXPANSIVE SOILS MODIFIED WITH NANO-ALUMINA." Elektronički časopis građevinskog fakulteta Osijek 12, no. 22 (July 30, 2021): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.13167/2021.22.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Weak soil at construction sites necessitates ground improvement. Chemical stabilization is typically carried out using either lime or cement. The primary objective of this study was to assess the strength and durability of lime-stabilized soils modified with nano-alumina (NA). This study adopted the scientifically established initial consumption of lime (ICL) content for soil stabilization. In addition, nano-alumina was added in varying percentages as an auxiliary additive. It was observed that 0.5 % of nano-alumina was optimal with respect to the ICL for maximizing the soil stabilization. The stabilized soils were cured for 0, 7, 14, and 28 days. Post-curing testing revealed that the strength increased sixfold for the optimal combination, compared with the virgin soil. To understand the durability behavior of the optimal combination, the stabilized soil specimens were subjected to wetting and drying cycles after 28 days of curing. The optimal combination was nearly as durable as that of the lime-stabilized soil subjected to five cycles of wetting and drying.
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Kaczmarczyk, Grzegorz. "Application of Fluidized Bed Furnance Bottom Ash in Civil Engineering – A Review." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract For several years there has been widespread and open discussion about climate problems and human responsibility for the generated waste. The number of regulations has led to a search for applications for by-products of combustion. Moreover, the forecasted economic crisis additionally motivates to use every possible material to reduce the cost of manufacturing activities. Efficient waste management is a key element for Polish companies in their efforts to reduce their negative impact on the environment. Fluid combustion of fuels in the Polish power and heat industry still belongs to relatively new technologies. Despite the application of the most technologically advanced processing methods, bottom ashes from fluidized bed boilers are still reluctantly used. The author sees possibilities of using bottom ashes in geotechnical works. The aim of this review is to present the existing source papers relating to the use of bottom ashes in construction processes. A particular area of interest is the use of said ashes in jet-grouting (JG). The paper briefly refers to fluidized bed combustion technology as a source of combustion byproducts. The author pay special attention to the characteristics defining the characteristics of the ashes. The reader's attention will then be drawn to jet-grouting technology. References can be found to the methodology of general cement-soil testing. Due to the nature of the use of JG, the focus is particularly on their strength, water-permeability and frost resistance properties. Due to the need to determine the internal structure of the cement-ground, attention was also paid to the possibility of using X-ray computed tomography for soil cement testing.
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Herius, Andi, Indrayani Indrayani Indrayani, Arfan Hasan, and Ahmad Mirza. "Addition Effect of Petrasoil Additive Material on CBR Value of Soil in Swamp Areas." Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2019.3.2.67-70.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Some road construction projects use petrasoil additive to increase soil stabilization, one of then is the Improvement of Tabarfane-Hokmar (Chemical Petrasoil) Road Project in Aru Selatan Timur District, Aru Islands. To obtain the influence of petrasoil aditive material as soil stabilization in swamp areas, a research is needed. petrasoil additives that powder shape are dissolved in water with 3 variations, namely 500 liters, 750 liters, and 1000 liters of water. Tests which carried out include compaction testing, index properties, and CBR. The results showed that the addition of petrasoil mixture with water without being combined with other added ingredients could lead to increasingly unstable soil conditions where the soil water content increased and the dry weight of the soil diminished, meaning that soil density decreases, and the CBR value of soil decreases.
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Omar, RC, INZ Baharuddin, Hairin Taha, R. Roslan, Hazwani NK, and Muzad MF. "Slope Stability Analysis of Granitic Residual Soil Using SLOPE/W, Resistivity and Seismic." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.28.22355.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are many factors that influence slope failure such as natural disasters and human activities. Amongst the major causes are the rise of groundwater and infiltration of prolonged and antecedent rainfalls. Together with its geographical condition; high lands and mountains, Malaysia is prone to have landslides especially at the Main Range area where most of the soil is residual soil. This study investigated a slope which had a history of landslide due to circular failure landslide using Slope/W, resistivity and seismic surveys to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the on-site materials. Based on the resistivity survey, the existence of groundwater level has been detected at a depth of 10.0 m from the ground level. Seismic analysis showed that the subsurface area was made up of Weathered Granite Grade VI (sandy soil) which is loose to medium dense. SLOPE/W analysis showed that the factor of safety (FOS) was 0.186 which was unstable for slope stability condition. The assessment showed that the slope condition is still not stable despite slope stabilization measurement using cement grouting. It is proposed that erosion control measures on the slope surface should be implemented to prevent recurrent of slope failure and to ensure slope stability.
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Brachman, R. WI, C. D. Martin, and S. A. Gilliss. "Grout field trials in outwash sands." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t03-069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Field trials were conducted to evaluate three different permeation grouts in a medium-dense, silty sand outwash deposit. Sodium silicate, microfine powder, and microfine cement based grouts were used. Visual observations from boreholes, a large-diameter shaft, and two inspection drifts through the grouted sand are reported. The sodium silicate grout produced a uniformly grouted material with massive structure. The microfine powder grout did not harden in the ground. The injection of the microfine cement grout resulted in only discrete veins of grouted soil. Laboratory testing of the grouted soil recovered from block samples quantified the strength increase of the sand grouted with sodium silicate. Cross-hole seismic velocity tests conducted through the grout zone prior to construction of the inspection shaft and drifts indicated increased velocities in the grouted soils. The successful trials established the suitability of the sodium silicate grout as a means of ground treatment for temporary support for tunnel excavation.Key words: permeation grouting, soil improvement, sodium silicate, microfine cement.
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Piriyakul, Keeratikan, and Janjit Iamchaturapatr. "Application of Non-Destructive Testing for Measurement of Strength Development of Biocemented Sand." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 660–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.660.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil biocementation is the new technology using biological process to initiate the crystal forms of carbonates to bind the soil particles resulting in soil mechanical improvement. This research examines the feasibility of microorganisms capable of hydrolyzing ammonia with production of carbonate collected from natural soil. The biocement was prepared by a mixture of calcium salt, urea, and microbial suspension collected from natural water samples. The urease activity was measured by the concentration of NH4+ in solution. The physico-chemical properties including the effects of Ca2+ concentrations, soil pH and crystal forming shapes were studied. The strength development of biocemented soil samples was measured by non-destructive test using shear wave velocity method. Formation of calcite layer on sand surface could be useful for the stabilization of the sand or earth structures.
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Mohammed Al-Bared, Mohammed Ali, and Aminaton Marto. "A review on the geotechnical and engineering characteristics of marine clay and the modern methods of improvements." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (December 26, 2017): 825–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v13n4.921.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Marine clay is a soft soil that could be found widely at the coastal and offshore areas. This type of soil is usually associated with high settlement and instability, poor soil properties that are not suitable for engineering requirements and low unconfined compressive strength of less than 20 kPa. Considerable failure could occur even with light loads and it shows flat or featureless surface. This kind of soil is considered as problematic due to the existence of high moisture content and usually exists as slurry with noticeable percentage of expandable clay minerals. In this paper, the geotechnical, micro-structure and engineering properties of marine clay are thoroughly reviewed and discussed. The properties include moisture content, particle size distribution, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, mineral compositions and shear strength. Moreover, due to the increasing demand of construction at coastal and offshore areas involving the marine clay, many attempts have been made to stabilize this kind of soil in order to solve the geotechnical related problems. Some of the common stabilization methods used to improve the properties of marine clay such as cement grouting, chemical additives and some environmental friendly additives are discussed. In long term, marine clay treatment using cement was found to be the best method. In addition, this paper serves as a guideline for the design and construction of projects on marine soils.
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Mohammad Zaki, Mohd Faiz, Wan Amiza Amneera Wan Ahmad, Afizah Ayob, and Teoh Khai Ying. "Analysis of Soil Nailing under Earthquake Loading in Malaysia Using Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 526–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.526.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil nailing has become a widely accepted method and offers a practical solution towards construction of permanent retaining wall, slope stabilization and protection of existing cuts from failure. In Malaysia, soil nailing is typically performed on cut slope and installed with grouting as preventatives method due to erosion problem. However, although the effectiveness of soil nailing system may be well understood by practitioners, the slope failure and collapses of deep excavation are continuously occurs, especially for the construction in the earthquake zone. Malaysia has numerous experiences of earthquake even this country has been categorized as low seismicity group. Hence, it is become important in the scope of geotechnical engineering to analyze and study the effect of earthquake to soil nailing systems in Malaysia. Aims of this paper are to focus and study this technical issue using the application of finite element program. This research study selects PGA of 0.08g based on the location of major population in Malaysia. Safety factor was calculated in this finite element program using phi-c reduction. Soil nailing relatively give satisfactory response under seismic, so pseudo-static method is applied for seismic loading study. Based on the static analysis results, the FOS for the deep excavation stabilized with soil nailing is 1.54. However, by considering the earthquake or seismic loading, the FOS reduces to 1.16 and the percentage of reduction is about 25%. Total displacement was observed slightly difference in soil nailing analysis during an earthquake and static analysis
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Lubis, Ade Indra Utama. "Study Of The Effectiveness Of The Use Of Gypsum And Volcanic Ash On Stability Of The Clay Soil Based On The CBR Value And The Unconfined Compression Test." Jurnal Mekintek : Jurnal Mekanikal, Energi, Industri, Dan Teknologi 12, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/mekintek.v12i2.26.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stabilization is one of the efforts to improve the condition of the soil which has a poor index of properties. One of the soil stabilization that is usually done is by adding chemicals to the soil. Chemicals commonly used in the form of cement, lime, bitumen. In this study, the stabilization of clay was carried out by adding gypsum and volcanic ash. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the index properties due to the addition of 2% gypsum and volcanic ash on the clay soil, then to determine the maximum compressive strength value due to the addition of variations in stabilizing materials by testing the Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) and testing the California Bearing Ratio (CBR). ) laboratory. From the research, it was found that the original soil sample had a moisture content of 12.42%; specific weight 2.65; liquid limit 46.82% and plasticity index 29.40%. The original soil classification according to USCS is classified as Clay – Low Plasticity (CL) and according to AASHTO it is classified as A-7-6 (10). Unconfined Compression Test (UCT) values for native soil and native soil plus 2% gypsum were 1.40 kg/cm2 and 1.66 kg/cm2. The laboratory CBR values for soaked and unsoaked for the original soil were 4.44% and 6.28%, respectively. While the laboratory CBR values soaked and unsoaked for the original soil plus 2% gypsum were 6.74% and 8.02%, respectively.The most effective results were obtained from a mixture of 2% gypsum and 10% volcanic ash with a UCT value of 2.79 kg/cm2 (an increase of 99.28%). For laboratory CBR testing, the most effective mixture was on a mixed variation of 2% gypsum and 9% volcanic ash with laboratory CBR values soaked and unsoaked of 9.07% (an increase of 104.27% from the original soil) and 10 ,29% (an increase of 63.85% from the original land). The soil that has been mixed with the most effective stabilizer material, namely 2% gypsum and 9% volcanic ash is classified as Clay - Low Plasticity (CL) based on the USCS classification and is classified as A-6 (4) based on the AASHTO classification.
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Xiong, Yu, Dezhong Kong, Zhanbo Cheng, Zhijie Wen, Zhenqian Ma, Guiyi Wu, and Yong Liu. "Instability Control of Roadway Surrounding Rock in Close-Distance Coal Seam Groups under Repeated Mining." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 5193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to solve the problems of roadway stability and easy instability under repeated mining of close-distance coal seam groups, the mechanism and control technology of surrounding rock instability under repeated mining were studied via indoor testing, field testing, physical similarity simulation experiment, and numerical simulation. The results show that the surrounding rock of roadway has low strength, low bearing capacity, and poor self-stabilization ability, and it is vulnerable to engineering disturbances and fragmentation. Affected by the disturbance under repeated mining, the roadway surrounding rock cracks are developed and the sensitivity is strong, and it is prone to large-scale loose and destroyed. The location of the roadway is unreasonable, and the maximum principal stress of the roadway is 3.1 times of the minimum principal stress, which is quite different. Thus, under a large horizontal stress, the surrounding rock undergoes long-range expansion deformation. On the basis of this research, the direction and emphasis of stability control of roadway surrounding rock under repeated mining of coal seam groups in close-distance are shown. A repair scheme (i.e., long bolt + high-strength anchor cable + U-shaped steel + grouting) is proposed, and reduces the risk of roadway instability.
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Shi, Jun Xian. "The Applications of Zeolite in Sustainable Binders for Soil Stabilization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to decrease the environmental impact caused by Portland cement in binders for soil stabilization, Zeolite was chosen to replace some percentage of Portland cement. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) was used as a recognized parameter for assessing the performance of soil stabilization. The UCS values of the Zeolite-PC mix in three binder dosages (2.5%, 5.0% and 10%) and at three curing periods (7 days, 28 days and 90 days) were for two model soils; namely a gravel sand and a clayey silt. The experiment results demonstrated that the highest UCS value 1.28MPa, of Zeolite-PC mixes was obtained at 90 days, in a 10% content binder dosage, which has exceeded the current USA guideline of 350kPa, comparing all of the UCS values for all dosages and all curing periods in clayey silt. The highest UCS value of 7.65MPa for Zeolite-PC mixes was achieved at 90 days and in a 10% content binder dosage in gravel sand. In comparison, the PFA (Pulverised Fuel Ash)-PC mixes have presented lower UCS values than the Zeolite-PC mixes with the same content ratio and the same testing time.