Статті в журналах: "Group psychotherapy for youth"

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Aagaard, Søren. "Time, Youth and Analytic Group Psychotherapy." Group Analysis 21, no. 4 (December 1988): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316488214003.

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Riester, Albert E. "Group psychotherapy for youth: Experiencing in the here and now." Journal of Child and Adolescent Group Therapy 4, no. 3 (September 1994): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02548464.

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Smith, Ashley M., and Amanda Jensen-Doss. "Youth psychotherapy outcomes in usual care and predictors of outcome group membership." Psychological Services 14, no. 1 (2017): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ser0000115.

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O’Shea, Gabrielle, Susan H. Spence, and Caroline L. Donovan. "Group versus Individual Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 43, no. 1 (May 13, 2014): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465814000216.

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Background: This study adds to the limited evidence concerning the benefits of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) with depressed adolescents. It evaluates the long-term effects of group versus individual delivery of this treatment approach. Aims: To conduct a small-scale examination of the long-term efficacy of group versus individual delivery of IPT for depressed adolescents. Method: Thirty-nine adolescents, aged 13–19 years, with a primary diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, were randomly assigned in blocks to either group or individual delivery of IPT. Standardized clinical interview and questionnaire assessments were conducted at pre- and posttreatment, and 12-month follow-up. Results: Intent-to-treat (ITT) analyses indicated significant improvements in depression, anxiety, youth-reported internalizing problems, and global functioning from pre- to posttreatment for those receiving IPT, with no significant differences in outcome between group and individual formats of delivery. Improvements were maintained at 12-month follow-up. Completer analyses also revealed significant and sustained improvements on these measures for those receiving IPT, with no differences in outcome between therapy formats for most measures. Individual IPT showed significantly greater improvements than group IPT in parent-reported internalizing problems for the completer but not the ITT analyses. Conclusions: Both individual and group formats of IPT offer promise in producing long-term benefits in the treatment of depression among adolescents.

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Ogbuagu, Buster C. "Black, Young & Conduct Disordered: Extrapolating Scott Henggeler’s Multisystemic Psychotherapy Paradigm for the Attenuation of At-Risk Behaviors of Black Youth in North America." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 20 (July 31, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n20p89.

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Problem Statement: More than any other racial category, Black Youths have experienced severe racial disparities in contravention, trial and incarceration rates, the moment they come in contact with law enforcement agencies. There is a growing amount of literature suggesting that implicit racial biases do indeed exist in those who enforce the law, especially when such enforcers have limited time or and lacked cultural competencies to process their actions. These disparities are troubling, especially on account of the fact that although Black Youth comprise 16 percent of all children in America, yet they account for 28 percent of all juvenile arrests (National Council on Crime & Delinquency, 2007). It is not to imply that Black youths do not commit crimes. They do, just like all other ethnically diverse populations. However, there are research findings that Black youth pay a rather heavy premium for engaging in criminal or anti-social behaviors, mostly on account of their race, socioeconomic backgrounds, which are saturated by the stereotypical absence of a father or father figure, matriarchies, poverty and being mired in poor neighborhoods on one hand and on the other, a criminal justice system that disproportionately targets them. Approach: The paper applied an extrapolation of Scott Henggeler’s Multisystemic Psychotherapy paradigm to evaluate how its application can assist in stemming Black Youth lemming-like rush into the juvenile and criminal justice systems. It utilized secondary data analysis and literature on Black youth, juvenile, criminal justice and conduct disorders to evaluate this therapeutic approach in a Large Group Intervention-LGI setting. Result: Research indicate that the Multisystemic Therapy approach had previoulsy been applied at a micro level with satisfactory outcomes. In this case, I propose a treatment paradigm intended to be extrapolated [from Henggeler’s approach] to a Large Group Intervention-LGI and community setting, using all the parameters as Henggeler and team enunciated, but with slight adjustment and modifications to fit a Large Group Intervention target audience. Conclusion: The successful application of Hengeler’s Therapeutic Model within a Large Group Intervention setting significantly attenuated negative Black Youth interaction within the criminal justice systems in the USA, Canada and elsewhere. Additionally, successful application of this paradigm enhanced Black Youth pro-social skills for the development of the self, community and the nation states where Black Youths call home.

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Ewais, Tatjana, Jake Begun, Maura Kenny, Alan Headey, Merilyn Tefay, and Steve Kisely. "Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy experiences in youth with inflammatory bowel disease and depression: findings from a mixed methods qualitative study." BMJ Open 10, no. 11 (November 2020): e041140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041140.

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ObjectivesMindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is effective in treating psychosocial comorbidities in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, there have been no qualitative studies of MBCT experiences among youth with IBD. We aimed to examine the experiences of youth with IBD and depression who completed an adapted MBCT group programme, and the impact of common psychotherapy and group factors.DesignThis mixed method qualitative study, nested within a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of MBCT for youth with IBD, employed thematic analysis of qualitative data from three focus groups and open-ended survey questions.SettingThe study was conducted in the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital for young adults in Brisbane, Australia.ParticipantsOut of sixty-four adolescents and young adults recruited to the RCT of MBCT for youth with IBD and depression, 29 completed the MBCT evaluation survey and 19 attended the focus groups.ResultsFour key themes emerged: ‘connectedness and shared understanding’, ‘growing in wisdom’, ‘therapeutic alliance’ and ‘barriers to mindfulness practice’. Participants described MBCT experiences as healing and transformative with the themes of connectedness, growing in wisdom and therapeutic alliance laying the foundation for therapeutic change. Main barriers included fatigue, depression, time and travel constraints.ConclusionsThe study identified key themes facilitating the process of therapeutic change within the MBCT programme for youth with IBD and elucidated common and group psychotherapy factors underlying the key themes. Participants perceived connecting with peers as essential for learning mindfulness skills which in turn strengthened the connection. Study findings will facilitate interpretation of the results of the RCT of MBCT in youth with IBD and inform the design of future studies of MBCT in this cohort.Trial registration numberACTRN12617000876392; Results.

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Verdeli, Helen, Kathleen Clougherty, Grace Onyango, Eric Lewandowski, Liesbeth Speelman, Teresa S. Betancourt, Richard Neugebauer, Traci R. Stein, and Paul Bolton. "Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Youth in IDP Camps in Northern Uganda: Adaptation and Training." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 17, no. 3 (July 2008): 605–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2008.03.002.

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Erford, Bradley, Victoria Kress, Monica Giguere, Domenic Cieri, and Breann Erford. "Meta-analysis: Counseling Outcomes for Youth with Anxiety Disorders." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 63–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.37.1.mgj66326868u33g2.

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This meta-analysis concluded that counseling and psychotherapy generally have a small to medium effect in treating anxiety in school-aged youth for termination (waitlist [k = 55;n = 2,959]d = .60[.52- .68]; placebo [k = 14;n = 867]d = .57[.42- .72]; treatment-as-usual [k = 10;n = 371]d = .32[.14- .50]; single group [k = 39;n = 889]d = .42[.37- .48]; and followup (waitlist [k = 22;n = 1,059]d = .51[.39-.63]; placebo [k = 2;n = 154]d = .73[.42-1.03]; treatment-as-usual [k = 9;n = 327] d=.21 [.02-.44]; single group [k = 36;n = 788]d = .58[.51- .65]). The findings of 80 clinical trials were synthesized using a random effects model for mean difference and mean gain effect size estimates. No effects of moderating variables were evident. Implications for counseling practice and future anxiety outcome research are addressed.

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KOVAČEVIĆ, Svetlana I., Valentina ŠOBOT, Ana M. VEJNOVIĆ, Vladimir KNEŽEVIĆ, Jovan MILATOVIĆ, and Darja ŠEGAN. ""Mental Health Problems in Abused Institutionalised Serbian Adolescents and Their Use of Social and Mental Health Services"." Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2022.1.2.

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"The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of various forms of maltreatment in adolescents without parental care, their mental health problems and treatment needs. Sixty examinees of both genders, aged 12-18, were divided in two groups: abused group (adolescent without parental care in an institutional setting) and control group (general population). The presence/absence of registered abuse/neglect by official social services were the criterion for classifying respondents into groups. The general questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Youth Self Report were used. 46.67% of adolescents were neglected, 40% of them suffered several types of abuse, 10% were physically abused, 3.33% were emotionally abused, and no adolescent was sexually abused. 16.6% of cases of sexual abuse in the abused group as well as milder forms of maltreatment in the control group were registered by self-reported retrospective measures, which are not part of official registers. Delinquency, aggressive behavior and somatic complaints are significantly more prominent in the abused group compared to the control group. 86% of adolescents used some form of support and counseling from professionals, 56.6% were included in psychiatric treatment, and only 36.6% in psychotherapy. Mental health problems in abused adolescents without parental care indicates the specific needs for psychotherapy and psychiatric treatment."

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Millard, Hun, Susan Parke, Cynthia Wilson, Zheala Qayyum, Hyun Jung Kim, and Timothy Van Deusen. "Inpatient Milieu Therapy: Considerations for Adolescent and Transitional Age Youth." Adolescent Psychiatry 10, no. 1 (April 24, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190617150025.

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Background and Goals: The role of milieu therapy on inpatient treatment has become more prominent due to the changing landscape of hospital care, with shorter length of stay, higher patient acuity, and rapid turnover. The modern inpatient unit promotes less individual psychotherapy with the psychiatrist or therapist, and more milieu and group based treatment that emphasizes acute stabilization. Methods: The authors share some of the core domains that provide the basic framework for milieu treatment within an acute care setting when working with adolescents and transitional age youth (TAY), with the aim to share clinical considerations for milieu therapy and offer practical ideas for implementation in clinical practice. Discussion: The therapeutic milieu and collaboration of an interdisciplinary team has a significant impact on hospital treatment. Considerations for milieu therapy implementation in an inpatient unit include developmentally informed concepts related to milieu treatment of adolescents and TAY patients in a hospital setting.

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Kuzo, Lyubov, Oleksandra Kuzo, and Anzhela Posokhova. "Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Psychotherapy." BRAIN. BROAD RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 12, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/12.1/174.

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Among the variations of anxiety disorders, generalized anxiety disorder is considered to be one of the most problematic. In times of intense social transformation, the issue of mental health of the youth, in particular the prevalence of tendencies to generalized anxiety disorder among young people arises. For this reason, the purpose of the article is to investigate the propensity of young students to excessive experiences and propose a model of understanding and treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Cognitive-behavioral methodology is used while the study for understanding generalized anxiety disorder, PSWQ experience questionnaire, WWS-II experience value scale, and two survey items. The results of the study show that 18% of the youth surveyed have a high level of anxiety. Such young people can be considered a risk group for generalized anxiety disorder. The results of the study indicate that respondents with a high level of worry are statistically more likely to perceive worries as those helping them to solve problems, motivate them to act and are able to prevent negative results. Such positive beliefs about the experience may reduce the perceived need to seek help from psychologists and psychotherapists. A description of the clinical case is given and the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions is demonstrated. An algorithm for working with clients is proposed, which is based on a modern protocol for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. It includes: qualified examination; reassessment of the usefulness of the worry; assistance in a realistic understanding of ambiguous situations as such that are not clearly threatening; rethinking attitudes to situations of uncertainty; use of exposures for the purpose of deeper processing of the stimulus in a nonverbal way; skills of overcoming negative emotions without avoiding them. An attempt to combine the clinical paradigm and the scientific position is made in the article. Nowadays there are very few studies based on cognitive-behavioral methodology in Ukraine.

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Hunsche, Michelle C., and Connor M. Kerns. "Update on the effectiveness of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with ASD." Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 83, no. 3 (September 2019): 326–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2019.83.3.326.

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A growing body of research has examined the efficacy of varying formats (individual, group, linear, modular) of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as a treatment for anxiety disorders in children and youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The present review utilized Chambless and Hollon's (1998) criteria for efficacious treatments to: (1) critically review the current evidence base for the efficacy of CBT for anxiety disorders in ASD; and (2) provide recommendations for future research. Findings identify two probably efficacious CBT programs (one group and one individual program) and five possibly efficacious programs, but no well-established programs. Similarities and differences in the components of these programs, which range from unmodified to specifically developed for ASD populations, are highlighted. In addition, the steps required to demonstrate well-established efficacy, and ultimately effectiveness, are discussed alongside other recommendations for refined future research.

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Morais, S., J. Silva Ribeiro, P. Oliveira, E. Mendes, A. Botelho, H. Godinho, L. Vale, et al. "Socio-demographic and clinic characterization in youth psychiatric outpatients: An observational study." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1228.

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IntroductionMost mental disorders begin during adolescence and early adulthood (18–24-years-old), highlighting the importance of understanding the onset and progression of mental disorders among youths. Although progress has been made, namely by creating youth mental health transition services, gaps continue to exist. Locally, our recently constituted young adults unit aimed to minimize discontinuities in care.Objectives/aimsTo characterize a population of young adult psychiatric outpatients, regarding socio-demographic and clinic variables.MethodsSocio-demographic and clinic characterization of young adult psychiatric outpatients observed during 1st January 2015–30th July 2016.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty-five outpatients were observed: 64.3% females and 35.7% males, average age 20.56-years-old (median 20). Most lived in urban areas (59.4%), with their parents (27.8%), were students (80.4%), attending secondary school (36.1%). A total of, 27.5% were referenced by an emergency department, and adjustment disorders (ICD-10 F43.2) were the most frequent diagnosis (21.6%). Regarding suicidal behaviours and self-harm, 9.8% did self-cutting. A vast majority did not have previous psychiatric hospitalizations–only 5.9% outpatients had at least one. In total, 39.8% were medicated with antidepressants (1/3 of which in association with other drugs), and about 38.8% received cognitive-behavioural interventions. About 2/3 of patients (66.3%) remained in care and only about 1/6 (15.7%) were discharged.ConclusionsOur typical youth psychiatric outpatient was of female gender, student, living with its parents. Adjustment disorders were the most frequent diagnosis, and antidepressants were the main psychopharmacologic option, often combined with other psychotropic drugs. In the future, psychotherapy interventions should be more widely available, namely group psychotherapy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Filatov, Filipp. "Representation of health as a subject of psychological researches." SHS Web of Conferences 70 (2019): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197001006.

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In this article the author describes a long-term comprehensive study of various forms of social and individual health representation in a youth (student) social group. A theoretical analysis of various approaches to understanding the phenomenon of health, developed in the framework of social medicine, clinical psychology, a psychosomatic school, behavioral and cognitive areas of psychology and psychotherapy, humanistic personality theories, is carried out. Different levels of conceptualization of the health phenomenon are considered (as a socio-cultural / semantic construct and as a significant aspect of an individual self-concept). The author analyzes the theoretical foundations and scientific specifics of the Health psychology, as an independent field of psychological knowledge. The author also analyzes the results of a comprehensive study of the “internal representation of health” that was formed among junior students of natural sciences and humanities departments at the Russian State University. Specific types of the internal representation of health are revealed and described.

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van Dooren, Marierose M. M., Valentijn Visch, Renske Spijkerman, Richard H. M. Goossens, and Vincent M. Hendriks. "Mental Health Therapy Protocols and eHealth Design: Focus Group Study." JMIR Formative Research 4, no. 5 (May 6, 2020): e15568. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15568.

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Background Electronic health (eHealth) programs are often based on protocols developed for the original face-to-face therapies. However, in practice, therapists and patients may not always follow the original therapy protocols. This form of personalization may also interfere with the intended implementation and effects of eHealth interventions if designers do not take these practices into account. Objective The aim of this explorative study was to gain insights into the personalization practices of therapists and patients using cognitive behavioral therapy, one of the most commonly applied types of psychotherapy, in a youth addiction care center as a case context. Methods Focus group discussions were conducted asking therapists and patients to estimate the extent to which a therapy protocol was followed and about the type and reasons for personalization of a given therapy protocol. A total of 7 focus group sessions were organized involving therapists and patients. We used a commonly applied protocol for cognitive behavioral therapy as a therapy protocol example in youth mental health care. The first focus group discussions aimed at assessing the extent to which patients (N=5) or therapists (N=6) adapted the protocol. The second focus group discussions aimed at estimating the extent to which the therapy protocol is applied and personalized based on findings from the first focus groups to gain further qualitative insight into the reasons for personalization with groups of therapists and patients together (N=7). Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Therapists used the protocol as a “toolbox” comprising different therapy tools, and personalized the protocol to enhance the therapeutic alliance and based on their therapy-provision experiences. Therapists estimated that they strictly follow 48% of the protocol, adapt 30%, and replace 22% by other nonprotocol therapeutic components. Patients personalized their own therapy to conform the assignments to their daily lives and routines, and to reduce their levels of stress and worry. Patients estimated that 29% of the provided therapy had been strictly followed by the therapist, 48% had been adjusted, and 23% had been replaced by other nonprotocol therapeutic components. Conclusions A standard cognitive behavioral therapy protocol is not strictly and fully applied but is mainly personalized. Based on these results, the following recommendations for eHealth designers are proposed to enhance alignment of eHealth to therapeutic practice and implementation: (1) study and copy at least the applied parts of a protocol, (2) co-design eHealth with therapists and patients so they can allocate the components that should be open for user customization, and (3) investigate if components of the therapy protocol that are not applied should remain part of the eHealth applied. To best generate this information, we suggest that eHealth designers should collaborate with therapists, patients, protocol developers, and mental health care managers during the development process.

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Kočiūnas, Rimantas. "EGZISTENCINIS POŽIŪRIS GRUPINĖJE PSICHOTERAPIJOJE." Psichologija 40 (January 1, 2009): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/psichol.2009.0.2589.

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Straipsnyje aptariamas psichoterapinės grupės modelis (vadinamas egzistencinio patyrimo grupe), kurį autorius porą paskutinių dešimtmečių plėtoja naudodamasis egzistencine paradigma. Jis remiasi egzistencine kaip būties pasaulyje samprata.Psichoterapijos procese grupėje orientuojamasi į du svarbiausius dalykus. Pirmasis – siekimas suprasti dalyvių problemas svarbiausių gyvenimo pasaulio matmenų – fizinio, socialinio, psichologinio ir dvasinio – kontekste. Antrasis – dalyvių gyvenimosunkumai tyrinėjami universalių egzistencinių duotybių plotmėje. Kaip svarbiausios išskiriamos šios duotybės: „įmestis į pasaulį“; santykiai su kitais; gyvenimo baigtinumas; laisvė ir atsakomybė; nerimas; įprasminimo poreikis; laiko susietumas. Straipsnyje taip pat aptariami universalūs egzistencinio patyrimo grupės tikslai, svarbiausi funkcionavimo bruožai ir darbo būdai. Aptariama ir terapeuto laikysena egzistencinio patyrimo grupėje, kuri yra reikšminga psichoterapinio darbo dalis.Egzistencinio patyrimo grupėje terapinių pokyčių siekiama nuolat kreipiant dalyvius į sąmoningą žmogaus būties sąlygų refleksiją. Svarbiausiais laikomi savęs ir gyvenimo supratimo pokyčiai.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: egzistencinės duotybės, egzistencinio patyrimo grupė.Existential Approach to Group Psychotherapy Rimantas Kočiūnas SummaryThe review discusses a model of working with psychotherapeutic groups, based on the existential psychotherapy paradigm developed by the author and called “existential experience group”. Its main concept is the idea of the human being as being-in-theworld (Dasein). The process of psychotherapy has two major directions, the first being an attempt to understand the problems of participants in the context of the main dimensions – physical, social, psychological and spiritual – of human life, and the second exploration of participants’ life difficulties in the context of “givens” (universal conditions) of existence. The following “givens” are described as essential: “thrownness” in the world, relations to others, the finiteness of life, freedom and responsibility, anxiety, meaning and meaninglessness, experience of time.The existential experience group represents a structured life situation in which participants with their unique life stories and experiences, involved in transactions among themselves and with the therapist, attempt to develop a common group life. The“group life” is a concentrated expression of individual lives of participants. The problems of participants are treated as certain inadequacies of current ways of “being-in-the-world”, as distortions of individual relation to existential “givens”. The group discusses the problems of participants not in relation to their personal life story (though it is given consideration as well), but rather in the context of the collectively created group life.The author discusses the universal objectives of the existential experience group, the main points of its functioning and ways of work. The basic structure of the group work is provided by the most usual norms of groups (openness and sincerity, interrelatedness of freedom and responsibility, sharing responsibility among participants and the therapist, confidentiality and regulated communication of participants outside the group) and also by changes of “developmental periods” of the group (“childhood”, “youth”, “maturity” and “old age”). The contents of sessions of existential experience groups is not planned in advance. It is determined by participants’ therapeutic goals and interpersonal situations arising “here and now”.Also, the position of the therapist in an existential experience group is analysed, since it is a greatly significant part of the psychotherapeutic work. The author stresses the importance of the therapist as phenomenologically oriented, giving priority to theparticipants’ experience as conceived by themselves. The main attitudes of the therapist are empathy and neutrality. For the therapist, it is critical to remain a real person in the group, a live human being with his own obligations and specific responsibility in the group.In an existential experience group, therapeutic changes are pursued by constantly directing participants to consciously reflect the conditions of humans’ being-in-the-world. Changes in understanding oneself and life are considered most essential.Keywords: “givens” of existence; existential experience group.

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Ritvo, Paul, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, George Tomlinson, Arun Ravindran, Renee Linklater, Megan Kirk Chang, Yuliya Knyahnytska, et al. "An Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Youth Diagnosed With Major Depressive Disorders: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 8, no. 7 (July 29, 2019): e11591. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/11591.

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Background About 70% of all mental health disorders appear before the age of 25 years. When untreated, these disorders can become long-standing and impair multiple life domains. When compared with all Canadian youth (of different ages), individuals aged between 15 and 25 years are significantly more likely to experience mental health disorders, substance dependencies, and risks for suicidal ideation and death by suicide. Progress in the treatment of youth, capitalizing on their online responsivity, can strategically address depressive disorders. Objective We will conduct a randomized controlled trial to compare online mindfulness-oriented cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-M) combined with standard psychiatric care versus psychiatric care alone in youth diagnosed with major depressive disorder. We will enroll 168 subjects in the age range of 18 to 30 years; 50% of subjects will be from First Nations (FN) backgrounds, whereas the other 50% will be from all other ethnic backgrounds. There will be equal stratification into 2 intervention groups (INT1 and INT2) and 2 wait-list control groups (CTL1 and CTL2) with 42 subjects per group, resulting in an equal number of INT1 and CTL1 of FN background and INT2 and CTL2 of non-FN background. Methods The inclusion criteria are: (1) age 18 to 30 years, FN background or other ethnicity; (2) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II of at least mild severity (BDI-II score ≥14) and no upper limit; (3) Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)–confirmed psychiatric diagnosis of major depressive disorder; and (4) fluent in English. All patients are diagnosed by a Centre for Addiction and Mental Health psychiatrist, with diagnoses confirmed using the MINI interview. The exclusion criteria are: (1) individuals receiving weekly structured psychotherapy; (2) individuals who meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for severe alcohol/substance use disorder in the past 3 months, or who demonstrate clinically significant suicidal ideation defined as imminent intent, or who have attempted suicide in the past 6 months; and (3) individuals with comorbid diagnoses of borderline personality, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and/or obsessive compulsive disorder. All subjects are provided standard psychiatric care defined as 1 monthly session that focuses on appropriate medication, with session durations of 15 to 30 min. Experimental subjects receive an additional intervention consisting of the CBT-M online software program (in collaboration with Nex J Health, Inc). Exposure to and interaction with the online workbooks are combined with navigation-coaching delivered by phone and secure text message interactions. Results The outcomes selected, combined with measurement blinding, are key features in assessing whether significant benefits regarding depression and anxiety symptoms occur. Conclusions If results confirm the hypothesis that youth can be effectively treated with online CBT-M, effective services may be widely delivered with less geographic restriction. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/11591

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Usakli, Hakan. "A Psychodrama Intervention to Loneliness Due to COVID-19." Global Research in Higher Education 4, no. 4 (December 19, 2021): p89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/grhe.v4n4p89.

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Loneliness as a psychological state is affective and cognitive discomfort or uneasiness from being or perceiving oneself to be alone or otherwise solitary. Since the beginning of the pandemic, people stayed at home, afraid of contracting COVID-19. As youths followed lectures via the internet for long hours without physical participation, they became more and more withdrawn and socially isolated. This study explores psychodrama as an intervention to reduce loneliness in university students. COVID-19 pandemic durations seemed to be caused loneliness for all people. The short-version of the ULCA loneliness scale was applied to 358 university students. 24 students were selected for the study based on their higher scores on the assessment. These students also accepted that COVID-19 negatively affected their loneliness state. The average age of participants was 21 years old, and no one was younger than 19 years old. Randomly they were divided into two groups as experimental and controlling with equal representation of number. The experimental group joined 15 weeks of psychodrama groups for 90 minutes each week. All sessions were held with via internet video platform meeting program. In psychodrama method of psychotherapy, clients enacted their concerns to achieve new insight about themselves and others. The psychodrama program started with introducing group participants and expression of why they are in the group to each other. The group was guided with an experienced group leader. With the techniques of psychodrama such as warmup, mirror, doubling, and role reversal, participants self-disclosed their current moods. K-square statistical analyses suggested that the group of university students who joined psychodrama overcame their loneliness. Education policy makers should bear in mind that today’s Covid-19 society suffers from psychological treatment deficits in the area of loneliness. Group action methods should be taken immediately. Group guidance, counseling, and drama in education and psychodrama can be useful for students to cope with problems resulting from of COVID-19. Youths truly need to share their suffering with professionals. Preventive guidance activities should be given importance in schools.

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Alempijevic, Djordje, Rusudan Beriashvili, Jonathan Beynon, Bettina Birmanns, Marie Brasholt, Juliet Cohen, Maximo Duque, et al. "Statement of the Independent Forensic Expert Group on Conversion Therapy." Torture Journal 30, no. 1 (June 11, 2020): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/torture.v30i1.119654.

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Conversion therapy is a set of practices that aim to change or alter an individual’s sexual orientation or gender identity. It is premised on a belief that an individual’s sexual orientation or gender identity can be changed and that doing so is a desirable outcome for the individual, family, or community. Other terms used to describe this practice include sexual orientation change effort (SOCE), reparative therapy, reintegrative therapy, reorientation therapy, ex-gay therapy, and gay cure. Conversion therapy is practiced in every region of the world. We have identified sources confirming or indicating that conversion therapy is performed in over 60 countries.1 In those countries where it is performed, a wide and variable range of practices are believed to create change in an individual’s sexual orientation or gender identity. Some examples of these include: talk therapy or psychotherapy (e.g., exploring life events to identify the cause); group therapy; medication (including anti-psychotics, anti- depressants, anti-anxiety, and psychoactive drugs, and hormone injections); Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (where an individual focuses on a traumatic memory while simultaneously experiencing bilateral stimulation); electroshock or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (where electrodes are attached to the head and electric current is passed between them to induce seizure); aversive treatments (including electric shock to the hands and/or genitals or nausea-inducing medication administered with presentation of homoerotic stimuli); exorcism or ritual cleansing (e.g., beating the individual with a broomstick while reading holy verses or burning the individual’s head, back, and palms); force-feeding or food deprivation; forced nudity; behavioural conditioning (e.g., being forced to dress or walk in a particular way); isolation (sometimes for long periods of time, which may include solitary confinement or being kept from interacting with the outside world); verbal abuse; humiliation; hypnosis; hospital confinement; beatings; and “corrective” rape. Conversion therapy appears to be performed widely by health professionals, including medical doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists, and therapists. It is also conducted by spiritual leaders, religious practitioners, traditional healers, and community or family members. Conversion therapy is undertaken both in contexts under state control, e.g., hospitals, schools, and juvenile detention facilities, as well as in private settings like homes, religious institutions, or youth camps and retreats. In some countries, conversion therapy is imposed by the order or instructions of public officials, judges, or the police. The practice is undertaken with both adults and minors who may be lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, or gender diverse. Parents are also known to send their children back to their country of origin to receive it. The practice supports the belief that non-heterosexual orientations are deviations from the norm, reflecting a disease, disorder, or sin. The practitioner conveys the message that heterosexuality is the normal and healthy sexual orientation and gender identity. The purpose of this medico-legal statement is to provide legal experts, adjudicators, health care professionals, and policy makers, among others, with an understanding of: 1) the lack of medical and scientific validity of conversion therapy; 2) the likely physical and psychological consequences of undergoing conversion therapy; and 3) whether, based on these effects, conversion therapy constitutes cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or torture when individuals are subjected to it forcibly2 or without their consent. This medico-legal statement also addresses the responsibility of states in regulating this practice, the ethical implications of offering or performing it, and the role that health professionals and medical and mental health organisations should play with regards to this practice. Definitions of conversion therapy vary. Some include any attempt to change, suppress, or divert an individual’s sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression. This medico-legal statement only addresses those practices that practitioners believe can effect a genuine change in an individual’s sexual orientation or gender identity. Acts of physical and psychological violence or discrimination that aim solely to inflict pain and suffering or punish individuals due to their sexual orientation or gender identity, are not addressed, but are wholly condemned. This medico-legal statement follows along the lines of our previous publications on Anal Examinations in Cases of Alleged Homosexuality1 and on Forced Virginity Testing.2 In those statements, we opposed attempts to minimise the severity of physical and psychological pain and suffering caused by these examinations by qualifying them as medical in nature. There is no medical justification for inflicting on individuals torture or other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment. In addition, these statements reaffirmed that health professionals should take no role in attempting to control sexuality and knowingly or unknowingly supporting state-sponsored policing and punishing of individuals based on their sexual orientation or gender identity.

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20

Karver, Marc, Stephen Shirk, Jessica B. Handelsman, Sherecce Fields, Heather Crisp, Gretchen Gudmundsen, and Dana McMakin. "Relationship Processes in Youth Psychotherapy." Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 16, no. 1 (March 2008): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063426607312536.

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21

Nudelman, Emily Sondak. "Group Psychotherapy." Nursing Clinics of North America 21, no. 3 (September 1986): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-6465(22)01219-1.

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22

Hobbs, Michael. "Group Psychotherapy." British Journal of Psychiatry 158, no. 5 (May 1991): 723–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s000712500002403x.

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Since Bloch (1981) last wrote about the group psychotherapies for this journal, there have been significant developments in practice and in the available literature. There is now a wider range of introductory texts, and a few works have extended the theory of group dynamics and the therapeutic action of groups. There is evidence of a growing awareness of the applications of group psychotherapy in the treatment of a range of patients.

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23

Roberts, J. P. "Group Psychotherapy." British Journal of Psychiatry 166, no. 1 (January 1995): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.1.124.

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24

Weersing, V. Robin, and John R. Weisz. "Mechanisms of action in youth psychotherapy." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 43, no. 1 (January 2002): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00002.

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25

Economou, Peter, and Caleb Spiro. "The Future of Psychotherapy for Youth." Advanced Journal of Social Science 11, no. 1 (November 21, 2022): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajss.11.1.52-62.

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Despite countless modifications to adapt adult psychotherapy to treat pediatric populations, recent meta-analytic findings have found only modest effect sizes for the treatment of pediatric depression. Additionally, recent neuroscientific evidence suggests that most mental health disorders share greater comorbidity with other distinct mental health disorders and also have greater within-disorder heterogeneity than previously thought. This review aims to integrate recent findings of analytic reviews with developments in neuroscience to encourage the field to think differently about how to best improve pediatric psychotherapy and our understanding of the developing brain. This article examines why our approach to treating mood disorders in the pediatric population must change based on our current understanding of the neurocognitive and psychosocial etiologies of these disorders and to highlight the importance transdiagnostic perspectives. Perhaps, neuroscientific methods can one day become adjunctive to psychotherapy to help personalize approaches, and to help provide valuable insight into emerging psychopathology even before symptoms manifest.

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26

Piper, William E. "Brief Group Psychotherapy." Psychiatric Annals 21, no. 7 (July 1, 1991): 419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19910701-08.

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27

Horwitz, Leonard. "Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 35, no. 4 (October 1985): 625–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1985.11491440.

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28

Weiner, Myron F. "Inpatient Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 36, no. 1 (January 1986): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1986.11490905.

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29

Spector, Ivan C., and Richard Conklin. "AIDS Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 37, no. 3 (July 1987): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1987.11491060.

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30

Yamaguchi, Takashi. "Inpatient Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 39, no. 3 (July 1989): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1989.11491181.

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31

Riester, Albert E. "Adolescent Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 41, no. 2 (April 1991): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1991.11490651.

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32

Roberts, Jeff, and Malcolm Pines. "Group-Analytic Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 42, no. 4 (October 1992): 469–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1992.11490719.

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33

Rutan, J. Scott. "Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 42, no. 1 (January 1992): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1992.11732578.

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34

Alger, Ian. "Understanding Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 43, no. 1 (January 1993): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1994.11491210.

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35

Spitz, Henry I. "Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 45, no. 1 (January 1995): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1995.11491273.

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36

Smolar, Andrew I. "Understanding Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 50, no. 1 (January 2000): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.2000.11490989.

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37

Kauff, Priscilla F. "Psychoanalytic Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 67, sup1 (January 27, 2017): S91—S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.2016.1217387.

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38

Grotjahn, Martin. "Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy." American Journal of Psychotherapy 39, no. 3 (July 1985): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1985.39.3.448.

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39

Keith, Charles R. "Adolescent Group Psychotherapy." American Journal of Psychotherapy 44, no. 3 (July 1990): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1990.44.3.447.

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40

Kaplan, Harold I., and Benjamin J. Sadock. "COMPREHENSIVE GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 56, no. 1 (January 2000): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30114-4.

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41

GAURON, EUGENE F. "Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy." American Journal of Psychiatry 143, no. 3 (March 1986): 385—a—386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.143.3.385-a.

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42

Beales, Dan. "Group psychotherapy training." Psychiatric Bulletin 25, no. 5 (May 2001): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.25.5.196.

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43

Birchmore, Terry. "Group psychotherapy concepts." Psychotherapy Section Review 1, no. 64 (2019): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpspsr.2019.1.64.97.

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44

Steadman, Jennifer H., and Kim Harper. "Group Supervision of Group Psychotherapy." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 8 (October 1995): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379504000810.

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Objective To explore the practice of group supervision of group psychotherapists using a process model. Method The need for supervision and the advantages of the supervisory group setting are discussed highlighting the varying levels of interaction between the therapeutic system and the supervisory system. Assumptions basic to successful supervision are discussed. Conclusion The processes leading therapists to understand that their experience in the supervision system can be an unconscious retelling of their clients' experience in the therapy group are explored.

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45

Amaranto, Ernesto A., and Sheila S. Bender. "Individual Psychotherapy as an Adjunct to Group Psychotherapy." International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 40, no. 1 (January 1990): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1990.11490586.

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46

Steinberg, Paul Ian. "Book Review: Psychotherapy: Group Psychotherapy for Psychological Trauma." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 50, no. 6 (May 2005): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370505000615.

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47

Lintott, Bill. "Group-Analytic Psychotherapy and Group Analysis." Contact 91, no. 1 (March 1986): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13520806.1986.11759608.

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48

Cividini-Stranic, E. "The Group Dream in Group Psychotherapy." Group Analysis 19, no. 2 (June 1986): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316486192008.

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49

Vaughn-Coaxum, Rachel A., and John R. Weisz. "Leveraging the developmental science of psychosocial risk to strengthen youth psychotherapy." Development and Psychopathology 33, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 670–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420002035.

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AbstractMore than 50 years of randomized clinical trials for youth psychotherapies have resulted in moderate effect sizes for treatments targeting the most common mental health problems in children and adolescents (i.e., anxiety, depression, conduct problems, and attention disorders). Despite having psychotherapies that are effective for many children, there has been a dearth of progress in identifying the contextual factors that likely influence who will respond to a given psychotherapy, and under what conditions. The developmental psychopathology evidence base consistently demonstrates that psychosocial risk exposures (e.g., childhood adversities, interpersonal stressors, family dysfunction) significantly influence the onset and course of youth psychopathology. However, the developmental psychopathology framework remains to be well integrated into treatment development and psychotherapy research. We argue that advances in basic developmental psychopathology research carry promising implications for the design and content of youth psychotherapies. Research probing the effects of psychosocial risks on youth development can enrich efforts to identify contextual factors in psychotherapy effectiveness and to personalize treatment. In this article we review empirically supported and hypothesized influences of individual- and family-level risk factors on youth psychotherapy outcomes, and we propose a framework for leveraging developmental psychopathology to strengthen psychotherapies.

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50

Rome, Howard P. "Personal Reflections: Group Psychotherapy." Psychiatric Annals 20, no. 7 (July 1, 1990): 356–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19900701-04.

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