Дисертації з теми "Groundwater Interaction"
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Pujades, Garnes Estanislao. "Interaction between groundwater and underground constructions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/127151.
Повний текст джерелаLas construcciones subterráneas realizadas por debajo del nivel piezométrico pueden ser problemáticas si no se reconoce el papel del agua subterránea. Las dificultades aumentan en ambientes urbanos. La interacción con el agua subterránea tiene lugar en las dos direcciones 1) los impactos causados por la construcción sobre el acuífero y 2) las dificultades que, durante la construcción, causará la presencia de agua subterránea. Por ello, el diseño de una construcción subterránea debe minimizar los impactos en el medio subterráneo y garantizar la seguridad de los trabajadores y la integridad de las estructuras adyacentes. Las medidas adoptadas no deben complicar en exceso el desarrollo de las obras ni sobrecargar el coste total de la obra. En resumen, la construcción debe ser eficiente. Estas preguntas surgieron durante la construcción del túnel para el Tren de Alta Velocidad (HST) en Barcelona, adyacente a la Sagrada Familia. En esta tesis se proponen respuestas a las mismas. Los impactos sobre el acuífero pueden ser de dos tipos: el efecto dren y el efecto barrera. Mientras que el primero ha sido ampliamente estudiado, el segundo no ha sido formalizado adecuadamente, lo que constituye el primer objetivo de esta tesis. Para calcular las variaciones de nivel causadas por una estructura subterránea impermeable, se derivan ecuaciones para diversas condiciones de obra y para medidas correctoras. Se han verificado con datos de construcciones reales. La subsidencia causada por el drenaje de excavaciones profundas es uno de los temores más condicionantes del diseño. Una de las maneras de reducirla, consiste en profundizar los recintos (pantallas, pilotes, columnas de jet-grouting) con el fin de evitar o minimizar el bombeo. El segundo objetivo de esta tesis es cuestionar la eficacia de estas medidas, que aumentan el coste de la construcción, ya que los asientos causados por el bombeo suelen ser pequeños y menos peligrosos (poco diferenciales) de lo temido. Además, el bombeo estabiliza la base de las excavaciones. Por ello realizar recintos más profundos puede ser menos eficiente que combinar recintos cortos y pozos de bombeo profundos. Es obvio que ambas alternativas deben compararse adecuadamente. Para ello, se han estudiado una serie de escenarios de drenaje que son comparados teniendo en cuenta la seguridad, las afecciones externas y el coste. Las variaciones entre los diferentes escenarios son las profundidades de los recintos y de los pozos de bombeo. Los resultados muestran que combinar pozos de bombeo profundos con recintos cortos es el método más eficiente para llevar a cabo excavaciones en suelos preconsolidados. Independientemente del método utilizado para llevar a cabo una excavación, el recinto, siempre juega un papel importante, ya que garantiza la estabilidad de las paredes de la excavación y evita la entrada de flujo lateral. La presencia de pequeños defectos puede tener consecuencias desastrosas, lo que haría inútil todo el trabajo previo orientado a desarrollar una construcción eficiente. Por lo tanto, dado que los defectos son relativamente comunes, que las técnicas utilizadas para detectar defectos son limitadas y que el comportamiento del agua subterránea puede ser predicho teniendo en cuenta las estructuras subterráneas existentes. El tercer objetivo de la tesis es desarrollar métodos hidráulicos para evaluar el estado del recinto de una excavación. Se muestra que estos métodos y, en particular, el ensayo de caracterización de impermeabilización permiten tanto estimar los parámetros efectivos del recinto como localizar los defectos. Por último, los pasos seguidos durante la construcción del túnel para el Tren de Alta Velocidad en Barcelona evidencian la importancia de una buena caracterización geológica. Si el suelo es bien conocido, todos los aspectos asociados con la construcción pueden ser estimados con precisión, lo que resulta crucial para diseñar una construcción subterránea eficiente. La geología, la hidrogeología y los procesos históricos sufridos por el suelo deben ser bien conocidos.
Les construccions subterrànies realitzades sota el nivell piezométric poden ser problemàtiques si no es reconeix el paper de l'aigua subterrània. Les dificultats augmenten en ambients urbans. La interacció amb l'aigua subterrània té lloc en els dos sentits 1) els impactes causats per la construcció sobre l'aqüífer i 2) les dificultats que, durant la construcció, causarà la presència d'aigua subterrània. Per això, el disseny d'una construcció subterrània ha de minimitzar els impactes al medi subterrani i garantir la seguretat dels treballadors i la integritat de les estructures adjacents. Les mesures adoptades no han de complicar en excés el desenvolupament de les obres ni sobrecarregar el cost total de l'obra. En resum, la construcció ha de ser eficient. Aquestes preguntes van sorgir durant la construcció del túnel per al Tren d'Alta Velocitat a Barcelona, adjacent a la Sagrada Família. En aquesta tesi es proposen respostes a les mateixes. Els impactes sobre l'aqüífer poden ser de dos tipus: l'efecte dren i l'efecte barrera. Mentre que el primer ha estat àmpliament estudiat, el segon no ha estat formalitzat adequadament, la qual cosa constitueix el primer objectiu d'aquesta tesi. Per calcular les variacions de nivell causades per una estructura subterrània impermeable, es deriven equacions per a diverses condicions d'obra i per a mesures correctores. S'han verificat amb dades de construccions reals. La subsidència causada pel drenatge d'excavacions profundes és un dels temors més condicionants del disseny. Una de les maneres de reduir-la, consisteix a aprofundir els recintes (pantalles, pilotis, columnes de jet-grouting) amb la finalitat d'evitar o minimitzar el bombament. El segon objectiu d'aquesta tesi és qüestionar l'eficàcia d'aquestes mesures, que augmenten el cost de la construcció, ja que els seients causats pel bombament solen ser petits i menys perillosos (poc diferencials) del temut. A més, el bombament estabilitza la base de les excavacions. Per això realitzar recintes més profunds pot ser menys eficient que combinar recintes curts i pous de bombament profunds. És obvi que ambdues alternatives han de comparar-se adequadament. Per a això, s'han estudiat una sèrie d'escenaris de drenatge que són comparats tenint en compte la seguretat, les afeccions externes i el cost. Les variacions entre els diferents escenaris són les profunditats dels recintes i dels pous de bombament. Els resultats mostren que combinar pous de bombament profunds amb recintes curts és el mètode més eficient per dur a terme excavacions en sòls preconsolidats. vi Independentment del mètode utilitzat per dur a terme una excavació, el recinte, sempre juga un paper important, ja que garanteix l'estabilitat de les parets de l'excavació i evita l'entrada de flux lateral. La presència de petits defectes pot tenir conseqüències desastroses, la qual cosa faria inútil tot el treball previ orientat a desenvolupar una construcció eficient. Per tant, atès que els defectes són relativament comuns, que les tècniques utilitzades per detectar defectes són limitades i que el comportament de l'aigua subterrània pot ser predit tenint en compte les estructures subterrànies existents. El tercer objectiu de la tesi és desenvolupar mètodes hidràulics per avaluar l'estat del recinte d'una excavació. Es mostra que aquests mètodes i, en particular, l'assaig de caracterització d'impermeabilització (WTAT) permeten tant estimar els paràmetres efectius del recinte com localitzar els defectes. Finalment, els passos seguits durant la construcció del túnel per al Tren d'Alta Velocitat a Barcelona evidencien la importància d'una bona caracterització geològica. Si el sòl és ben conegut, tots els aspectes associats amb la construcció poden ser estimats amb precisió, la qual cosa resulta crucial per dissenyar una construcció subterrània eficient. La geologia, la hidrogeologia i els processos històrics soferts pel sòl han de ser ben coneguts.
PERICO, ROBERTA. "GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER INTERACTION IN ALPINE CATCHMENT." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/374727.
Повний текст джерелаThe recognized evidence of global warming demands assessment of the present and future water cycle in Europe and worldwide. Recently, evidence of modified hydrological regime in the Alps under climate change has been documented. However, according to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, it is still necessary to deepen our understanding of the impact of climate change and land use on groundwater storage in the alpine catchment areas. A major limitation to the analysis of the surface water-groundwater interaction in alpine terrain are the difficultly of data acquisition as well as the limited presence of meteorological stations. These two factors considerably increase the uncertainty of a holistic representation of the hydrological processes and a reliable estimation of groundwater recharge. The aim of this research work is to improve the current knowledge on the interaction between surface water and shallow aquifers and to define a method for an integrated modelling of the main components of the water cycle at the catchment scale to be used as input for groundwater modelling. The collection and use of data and methods that allow for the maximum discretisation of the heterogeneity of the elements involved is the guiding thread of this work. The scientific approach is demonstrated for a complex case study, the Valtellina valley (northern Italy), to investigate the interaction among the components of hydrogeologic cycle and their future projections according to climate dynamics. This valley could be considered a perfect case study because it is characterized by an active system that rapidly reacts to meteorological and climatic variations. This is visible by the fluctuation of the groundwater and of the main river, Adda River, during extreme precipitation events and with snow melts during the spring/summer periods. The thesis is divided into three main sections. The first provides a description of hydro-stratigraphy of the Valtellina valley floodplain. This section includes the groundwater flow model in a steady state condition, developed by using FeFlow 7.2, and the relative automatic calibration process for the hydrogeologic parametrization. 5 The second shows the quantification of seasonal groundwater storage volume according to the residual water budget method for two hydrologic years. For the estimation of the main components (Precipitation, Evapotranspiration and Snow water equivalent), new promising satellite-based database and methods are tested. The last one describes the tranFinally, the flow model has been used to evaluate the impact on groundwater of possible climate change scenarios.sient groundwater flow model developed with dynamic boundary conditions obtained from satellite-based methods.
Bota, Liciniu, and Liciniu Bota. "Modeling of groundwater flow and surface/groundwater interaction for upper Cienega Creek Basin." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626917.
Повний текст джерелаOxtobee, Jaime Peter Allan. "Groundwater/surface water interaction in a fractured bedrock environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63350.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWorakijthamrong, Surin. "Groundwater-River Interaction in the Context of Interbasin Transfer." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526010.
Повний текст джерелаAradas, Rodolfo D. "Groundwater and surface water interaction for integrated catchment planning." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12810/.
Повний текст джерелаFont, Capó Jordi. "Interaction between groundwater and TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavated tunnels." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96782.
Повний текст джерелаLa construcción de túneles bajo el nivel piezométrico puede comportar problemas constructivos cuando la excavación atraviese zonas muy transmisivas donde puede haber entradas repentinas de agua. Estas entradas pueden generar arrastres cuando se crucen capas muy poco competentes, llegando a provocar hundimientos, creación de chimeneas subsidencia del terreno. Además estas entradas de agua pueden provocar el descenso del nivel freático por drenaje del acuífero. Para minimizar las entradas de agua y los impactos asociados a la excavación se realizan perforaciones con tuneladoras (TBM) que restringen las afectaciones por drenaje al frente de perforación. Este método es especialmente adecuado en medios urbanos donde el túnel se sitúa cerca de la superficie. El objetivo de esta tesis será abordar las dificultades constructivas relacionadas con la hidrogeología que existen al construir túneles con tuneladora así como determinar los impactos que estas pueden producir. En primer lugar, se busca una metodología que permita caracterizar hidrogeológicamente el terreno que será atravesado por la tuneladora ya que esta maquinaria es sensible a los cambios repentinos de medio y condiciones de terreno. Hay dos aspectos que normalmente no se tienen en cuenta: el comportamiento hidrogeológico de las fallas (conducto, barrera, conducto-barrera) y la importancia de la conectividad hidrogeológica entre las fracturas que cruzadas por el túnel y el resto del macizo rocoso. Estos dos aspectos han sido tenidos en cuenta en la caracterización geológica e hidrogeológica con el fin de corregir el diseño del túnel y minimizar riesgos geológicos. Una investigación geológica con caracterización hidrogeológica preliminar (que incluyó la revisión del estado hidrogeológico previo y ensayos de bombeo de interferencia) fue realizada en una zona granítica de la Línea 9 del metro de Barcelona (zona de la B-20). El modelo hidrogeológico conceptual fue construido usando un modelo numérico quasi-3D, donde fueron calibrados diverso escenarios. Las fallas y diques mostraron un comportamiento de conductobarrera que compartimentaliza parcialmente el flujo. El comportamiento de barrera es el efecto mas marcado, aunque en los diques aparece comportamiento de conducto. La caracterización del medio hidrogeológico ha permitido realizar un plan de drenaje y los cambios necesarios en el diseño del túnel. En segundo lugar, se busca una metodología que permita localizar y cuantificar las entradas de agua que pueda haber en el frente de excavación de un túnel construido con tuneladora. Entradas de agua repentinas constituyen un problema importante porque pueden provocar un colapso del túnel que afecte estructuras superficiales. Un método para predecir las entradas de agua en el frente de túnel fue implementado en el sector de Santa Coloma de la Línea 9 del metro de Barcelona. Una caracterización geológica y geofísica 3D del área fue realizada y los resultados fueron implementados en un modelo numérico quasi-3D, donde una condición de contorno de frente de túnel móvil se ha insertado para simular la interacción con el acuífero. El modelo predice correctamente la variación de los niveles piezométricos y la magnitud de las entradas de agua concentrados en las zonas de falla y diques. La adaptación de la escala del modelo al túnel y a la conectividad con el resto del macizo ha sido crucial para cuantificar las entradas de agua. Este método permite localizar las zonas peligrosas donde el dewatering debería ser implementado. En tercer lugar, se caracterizan los impactos que provoca la construcción de un túnel construido con tuneladora. Aunque el efecto dren que suelen producir la mayoría de túneles es minimizado en los túneles perforados con tuneladora con el sostenimiento que se instala después de la acción perforadora de la maquina, la construcción de esta estructura lineal impermeable puede producir una obstrucción del acuífero o efecto barrera. Se cuantifica la variación de gradientes piezométricos antes y después de la construcción de un túnel, esto se realizará con el uso de métodos analíticos que comparen los cambios reales observados. Además se cuantificaran los cambios de conectividad que provoca la construcción de un túnel comparando la variación de comportamiento observada en una serie de ensayos de bombeo realzados antes y después de la construcción de l túnel. Todos estos enfoques permiten abordar los principales problemas hidrogeológicos que se encontraran los túneles construidos con tuneladora así como los impactos que provocan. El uso de modelos numéricos se convierte en una herramienta robusta para cuantificar y predecir las entradas de agua en el frente de túnel y las variaciones de nivel provocadas por el mismo túnel. El conocimiento de estos escenarios permitirá encontrar las mejores soluciones para minimizar las consecuencias de la acción del medio hidrogeológico sobre el túnel o viceversa.
La construcció de túnels sota el nivell piezomètric pot comportar problemes constructius quan l’excavació travessi zones molt transmissives on pot haver-hi entrades sobtades d’aigua . Aquestes entrades poden arrossegar materials quan es creuin capes poc competents, arribant a provocar enfonsaments, xemeneies I subsidència del terreny. D’altra banda aquestes entrades d’aigua poden provocar el descens del nivell d’aigua per drenatge de l’aqüífer. Per minimitzar les entrades d’aigua I els impactes associats a la excavació es perforen túnels amb tuneladores (TBM) que restringeixen les afeccions per drenatge al front de perforació. Aquest mètode es especialment adequat en medis urbans on el túnel es proper a la superfície. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi serà abordar les dificultats constructives relacionades amb la hidrogeologia que existeixen al construir túnels amb tuneladora així com determinar els impactes que aquestes poden produir. En primer lloc, es busca una metodologia que permeti caracteritzar hidrogeològicament el terreny que ha de travessar la tuneladora ja que aquestes són sensibles als canvis sobtats de medi i condicions de terreny. Hi ha dos aspectes important que normalment no son tinguts en compte: El comportament hidrogeològic de les falles (conducte, barrera, conducte-barrera) i la importància de la connectivitat hidrogeològica entre les fractures que son creuades pel túnel y la resta del massís rocós. Aquests dos aspectes han estat tinguda en compte en la caracterització geològica i hidrogeològica amb el fi de corregir el disseny del túnel i minimitzar riscos geològics. Una investigació geològica amb caracterització hidrogeològica preliminar (que va incloure la revisió de l’estat hidrogeològic previ i assaigs de bombeig d’interferència) va ser realitzada en una zona granítica de la Línia 9 del metro de Barcelona (zona de la B-20). El model hidrogeològic conceptual va ser construït fent servir un model numèric quasi-3D, on van ser calibrats diferents escenaris. Les falles i els dics van mostrar un comportament de conducte barrera que compartimentalitza el flux parcialment. El comportament de barrera es l’efecte mes marcat i es mentre que en els dics apareix el comportament de conducte. La caracterització del medi hidrogeològic ha permès realitzar un pla de drenatge i els canvis necessaris en el disseny del túnel. En segon lloc, es troba una metodologia que permeti trobar el lloc i quantificar les entrades d’aigua que hi pot haver en el front d’excavació d’un túnel construït amb tuneladora. Les entrades d’aigua sobtades en el túnel constitueixen un problema important perquè poden provocar un col·lapse del túnel que afecti a les estructures superficials. Un mètode per predir les entrades d’aigua en el front de túnel ha estat implementat en el sector de Santa Coloma de la Línia 9 del metro de Barcelona. Per aconseguir-ho es va realitzar una caracterització geològica i geofísica 3D, aquests resultats van ser implementats en un model numèric quasi-3D, on una condició de contorn de front de túnel mòbil ha estat inserida per simular la iteració amb l’aqüífer. El model prediu correctament la variació de nivells piezomètrics i la magnitud de les entrades d’aigua concentrades en les zones de falla i dics. L’adaptació de l’escala del model al túnel i a la connectivitat amb la resta del massís han estat clau per poder quantificar les entrades d’aigua. Aquest mètode permet localitzar les zones perilloses on el dewatering hauria de ser implementat. En tercer lloc, es caracteritzen els impactes hidrogeològics que provoca la construcció d’un túnel construït amb tuneladora. Malgrat que l’efecte dren que acostumen a originar la majoria de túnels es minimitza per l’acció del sosteniment que s’instal·la just després de la maquina, la construcció d’aquesta estructura lineal impermeable pot produir una obstrucció de l’aqüífer o efecte barrera. Es quantifica la variació de gradient abans i desprès de la construcció d’un túnel, això es farà amb mètodes analítics que es comparen amb el canvi de gradient observat. A mes a mes es quantifiquen els canvis de connectivitat que provoca la construcció del túnel comparant la variació de comportament observada en una sèrie d’assaigs de bombeigs realitzats abans i després de la construcció del túnel. Tots aquests enfocaments permeten abordar els principals problemes hidrogeològics que es trobaran els túnels construïts amb tuneladora així com els impactes que provoquen. L’ús de models numèrics esdevé una eina robusta per poder quantificar i predir les entrades d’aigua en el front del túnel i les variacions de nivell provocades pel mateix túnel. El coneixement d’aquests escenaris permetrà trobar les solucions adients o minimitzar les conseqüències de l’acció de medi hidrogeològic sobre el túnel o a l’inrevés.
au, Tony J. Smith@csiro, and Anthony John Smith. "Periodic forcing of surface water-groundwater interaction : modelling in vertical section." Murdoch University, 1999. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090617.93320.
Повний текст джерелаStarzyk, Cynthia Ann. "Simulating surface water - groundwater interaction in the Bertrand Creek Watershed, B.C." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42520.
Повний текст джерелаGrapes, Timothy Rupert. "Groundwater-river interaction in a chalk catchment : the River Lambourn, UK." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4036/.
Повний текст джерелаAkter, Farzina. "Groundwater salinity and interaction with surface water near Cootamundra, NSW, Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18578.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Anthony John. "Periodic forcing of surface water-groundwater interaction: modelling in vertical section." Thesis, Smith, Anthony John (1999) Periodic forcing of surface water-groundwater interaction: modelling in vertical section. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1999. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/689/.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Anthony John. "Periodic forcing of surface water-groundwater interaction: modelling in vertical section." Smith, Anthony John (1999) Periodic forcing of surface water-groundwater interaction: modelling in vertical section. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1999. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/689/.
Повний текст джерелаJahnke, Philip, and Philip Jahnke. "Modeling of groundwater flow and surface/groundwater interaction for the San Pedro River Basin from Fairbank to Redington, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626882.
Повний текст джерелаSaha, Gopal Chandra Clement Thangadurai Prabhakar. "Experimental and numerical analysis of groundwater-surfacewater interaction in horizontal and sloping unconfined aquifers." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1785.
Повний текст джерелаChebud, Yirgalem A. "Operational Prediction of Groundwater-phosphorous Interaction Over Surficial Aquifers of South Florida." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/578.
Повний текст джерелаPorter, Sandra. "Groundwater/surface water interaction in the Raisin River watershed, near Cornwall, Ontario." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10133.
Повний текст джерелаMadlala, Tebogo Eugene. "Determination of groundwater-surface water interaction, upper Berg River catchment, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5331.
Повний текст джерелаThe present study investigated the application of a multi-method approach to determine groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions to quantify and characterize the quality of water resources in a fractured rock aquifer system in upper catchment of the Berg River (G10A). Demonstrating methods for improved understanding of groundwater and surface water interactions is important for informing development of strategies that ensure effective utilization and management of water resources. Applying a single method to inform innovative strategies for water resources has proved futile. The current study shows how the use of several methods can provide the basis for devising practical strategies for water resource utilization and management. The three methods were applied as follows: First, the base flow separation was used whereby the Chapman and Lynne & Hollick digital filter algorithms were applied to time-series streamflow data from four stream gauging stations in the catchment. The computation from algorithms on three sites (gauging stations) showed that the mean Base Flow Index (BFI) value ranged between 7%-8% for the 2012-2014 periods. This means that discharges from subsurface water storages dominate stream flows throughout the study period. Secondly, the quality of groundwater and surface water was sampled using standard methods. Piper Diagrams generated on Aquachem™ software and radial charts were used to identify the predominant hydrochemical facies. Results showed that Na-Cl was the predominant GW and SW water-type. This means that both GW and SW are mainly influenced by recharging surface water as well as interaction occurring between the rock matrices and infiltrating water. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to evaluate the factors controlling GW and SW chemistry in the upper Berg River catchment and the results showed that GW and SW are influenced by natural processes. Two main factors (a. & b.) were extracted which explained 71.8% of the variation in both GW and SW physicochemical parameters. These factors include water-rock interactions and the recharge of surface water. Cluster Analysis extracted four major clusters that grouped sites with similar physicochemical characteristics together. Finally, differential stream gauging was applied to a 600m reach above the Berg River Dam. Three 200m sub-reaches were used to compute differences in flows between sub-reaches. Stream flow at each sub-reach was estimated using mass balance equations with electrical conductivity measurements during instant salt tracer injection tests. Results indicated that during both the wet season (high flow) dry season (low flow), the river continuously lost water to the subsurface. This was demonstrated by the 0.91m³/s and 2.24m³/s decrease in stream flow along the 600m reach. Dry season flow decreases were less than wet season flow decreases, indicated by markedly lower flow loss in respect to the wet season. This confirms results of the analysis of base flow separation, which indicated that discharges from subsurface storages dominate stream flows during low flow periods. The differential stream gauging approach did not provide distinct points along the selected stream reach where GW-SW interaction occurred; rather it provided a holistic representation of seasonal flow variations along the selected reach. This study showed that upper Berg River catchment is dependent on discharges from subsurface water storages to maintain dry season flows. Furthermore, this study showed that infiltration of surface water and discharge of subsurface water transfers the respective chemical signature of the contributor, meaning that the transfer of water of suitable quality will reduce contamination in the receiving water body (i.e. surface water). Transfer of water between subsurface and surface water contributed an average of 8% of the gauged flows in the catchment between 2012 and 2014, suggesting that the groundwater recharge process dominates this catchment.
Stahl, Mason Odell. "Surface-water groundwater interaction and arsenic mobilization in south and southeast Asia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99609.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Contamination of groundwater with geogenic arsenic is widespread throughout much of South and Southeast Asia and poses a serious health risk to the millions of individuals who consume this water. It is widely agreed that the dominant mechanism of arsenic mobilization is reductive dissolution of arsenic-bearing iron-oxides coupled to the oxidation of organic carbon. However, it is unclear why dissolved arsenic concentrations have reached the high levels currently observed in aquifers throughout the region. In particular, the influence of surface water recharge on arsenic contamination remains unresolved. To address this issue we studied the hydrogeology and geochemistry of two arsenic contaminated sites: one site in Vietnam and another site in Bangladesh. Our field site in Vietnam is located adjacent to the Red River and has been impacted by intensive groundwater pumping for decades. The aquifer now receives net recharge from the river. We conducted a hydrogeologic and geochemical investigation to determine the influence of riverine recharge on groundwater arsenic concentrations. We determined that rates of arsenic mobilization in freshly deposited riverbed sediments are up to 1000 times those of inland aquifer sediments and measured arsenic concentrations in riverbed porewaters that exceeded the aquifer concentrations. We found the effect of riverine recharge is controlled by the geomorphic setting of the river-aquifer interface. Aquifers inland of freshly deposited river reaches are highly contaminated with dissolved arsenic, whereas aquifers inland of non-depositional river reaches host low arsenic groundwater. At our Bangladesh field site the aquifer has been impacted by the construction of man-made ponds, which provide 40% of aquifer recharge. To investigate the role of ponds on groundwater arsenic levels we constructed and instrumented a pond, installed a network of 100 wells, performed laboratory experiments, and collected sediment and water samples over three years. Our characterization of the pond physical hydrology and the pond and aquifer geochemistry reveals that arsenic mobilization within the aquifer is primarily driven by sedimentary organic matter. While ponds contribute substantial aquifer recharge our results suggest that high arsenic concentrations in Bangladesh are not driven by surface water recharge and likely emerged prior to anthropogenic perturbations to the hydrology.
by Mason Odell Stahl.
Ph. D. in Environmental Engineering
Engelbrecht, Jeanine. "Remote sensing for assessing wetland-groundwater interaction in the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50436.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Table Mountain Group (TMG) Aquifer System is a regional fractured aquifer system with a large potential as a source of future water supplies in the Western and Eastern Cape. This system is currently under consideration for large-scale water abstraction. Many terrestrial ecosystems, however, are dependent on these groundwater resources for survival. Exploitation of ground water resources at a rate exceeding the rate of natural recharge would result in a lowering of the water table and the drying up of seeps. The main objective of this study was to determine if satellite remote sensing data can be used for the detection of groundwater-dependent wetlands, and secondly, to use multi-temporal imagery for estimating seasonal changes experienced in wetland communities in relation to surrounding vegetation. The Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, situated approximately 30km to the east of Cape Point in the Western Cape, South Africa, was selected for investigation. To accomplish the objectives, three Landsat 7 ETM+ images (path/row: 175/84) captured on 22 September 2001, 18 May 2002 and 23 September 2002 were acquired. Image fusion of the multispectral bands (30m resolution) with the panchromatic band (15m resolution) provided 15m multispectral images for analysis purposes. Geometric correction, radiometric normalisation and atmospheric corrections was performed in order to ensure pixel-level comparability between images. Once comparability between images was guaranteed, vegetation indices and tasselled cap components were derived to provide threshold values of moisture stress indicators and productivity estimations of wetland communities in relation to surrounding non-wetland communities. Additionally, change vector analysis on these transformations provided the ability to detect and assess the seasonal changes experienced by these communities during an annual cycle. The results of these transformations were combined in a rule-based image classifier in order to assist in estimating the seasonal dependency of observed wetland communities. The ability to use Landsat 7 images and the abovementioned image processing procedures to identify wetland communities with a high probability of groundwater interaction was demonstrated with a high degree of accuracy (78%). It is recommended that future studies concentrate on increasing classification accuracies, while focusing on incorporating these techniques into a remote monitoring system for assessing the impacts of groundwater extraction on the groundwater-dependent wetland communities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Tafelberg Groep (TBG) Akwifer is 'n regionale verskuiwingsakwifer sisteem met groot potensiaal as toekomstige waterbron vir die Wes- en Oos-Kaap. Grootskaalse grondwateronttrekking uit hierdie sisteem word tans ondersoek. Baie terrestriële ekosisteme is egter vir oorlewing van grondwaterbronne afhanklik. Grondwaterontginning teen 'n tempo hoër as die natuurlike aanvultempo sal die watertafel laat daal en syfersones laat opdroog. Die hoofdoel van die studie was om te bepaal of satellietbeelde gebruik kan word om grondwater-afhanklike vleilande waar te neem, en om 'n tydsreeks van beelde te gebruik om die seisoenale verandering in vleilandgemeenskappe relatief tot omliggende plantegroei te raam. Die Kogelberg Biosfeer Reservaat, ongeveer 30km oos van Kaappunt, is as studiegebied geïdentifiseer. Drie Landsat 7 beelde (baan/ry: 175/84) van 22 September 2001, 18 Mei 2002 en 23 September 2002 is ontleed. Die Landsat 7 multispektrale bande (30m resolusie) is met behulp van beeld-fusietegnieke met die panchromatiese band (15m resolusie) gekombineer om multispektrale beelde te lewer met 15m grondresolusie. Geometriese korreksie, radiometriese normalisering en atmosferiese korreksie is op elk van die beelde toegepas om beeld-selvlak vergelykings tussen beelde 'n moontlikheid te maak. Met beeldvergelykbaarheid verseker, is plantegroei-indekse en 'tassled cap' transformasies gebruik om afsnywaardes vir vleiland-identifikasie te bereken. Verder is veranderingsvektoranalises op die transformasies bereken om die seisoenale veranderinge oor die jaarsiklus in vleilande te bepaal. Die resultate hiervan is vervat in 'n reël-gebaseerde beeldklassifiseerder waarmee vleilande se seisoenale grondwater afhanklikheid geraam is. Die vermoë om vleilande met 'n hol! waarskynlikheid van grondwater interaksie uit Landsat 7 beelde te identifiseer is met 'n hol! vlak van totale akkuraatheid (78%) gedemonstreer. Die aanbeveling is dat toekomstige studies moet fokus op die verhoging van hierdie klassifikasie akkuraathede. Die tegnieke moet toegespits word op die ontwikkeling van 'n afstandswaarnemingstelsel om die
Langman, Jeff B. "A multi-tracer study of saltwater origin, cross-formational flow, and the geochemical evolution of groundwater in the southern High Plains Aquifer along the western caprock escarpment, east-central New Mexico." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
Повний текст джерелаBerger, Karen Plaut 1972. "Surface water-- groundwater interaction : the spatial organization of hydrologic processes over complex terrain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80630.
Повний текст джерелаForster, Craig Burton. "Interaction of groundwater flow systems and thermal regimes in mountainous terrain : a numerical study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27300.
Повний текст джерелаScience, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
Lewandowski, Jason A. "Modified UNIFAC-LLE Group-Interaction Parameters for the Prediction of Gasoline-Ethanol-Water Equilibria." Digital WPI, 2008. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/461.
Повний текст джерелаHsieh, Gin-Chang. "The Immunological and Neurochemical Toxicity of Benzene and its Interaction with Toluene in Mice." DigitalCommons@USU, 1988. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4645.
Повний текст джерелаPritchard, Jodie Lee, and jodie_pritchard@hotmail com. "Dynamics of stream and groundwater exchange using environmental tracers." Flinders University. School of Chemistry, Physical & Earth Science, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20060407.122526.
Повний текст джерелаReynolds, Frederick Douglas Misra Anil. "Seismic analysis of deep buried concrete water collection structure." Diss., UMK access, 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерела"A dissertation in engineering and geosciences." Advisor: Anil Misra. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Sept. 12, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 234-236). Online version of the print edition.
Anderson, Michael Alan. "A hydrogeochemical investigation of metalliferous coal pile runoff and its interaction with soil and groundwater /." This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09162005-115028/.
Повний текст джерелаAnderson, Michael A. "A hydrogeochemical investigation of metalliferous coal pile runoff and its interaction with soil and groundwater." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39371.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Assefa, Kibreab. "Groundwater recharge modelling: linkage to aquifers and implications for water resources management and policy." John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/22212.
Повний текст джерелаBiyela, Mfundi Cyril. "Assessing groundwater-surface water interaction as a decision-making tool licensing water use South Africa : case study area of Gevonden farm." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5409.
Повний текст джерелаAssessing groundwater-surface water interaction as a decision-making tool licensing water use South Africa: Case study area of Gevonden Farm is the title of the current study with the context that arises from the use of GRAII methodology which uses quaternary catchment boundaries for groundwater abstraction water use licence application assessment during decision making. The problem is that the quaternary catchment scale approach does not provide the scientific bases for site specific scale. The current study argues that such approach provides realistic, practical information at site specific scale and therefore informs the issuing of licences more accurately. The aim of the current study is to improve understanding of how the assessment of groundwater abstraction water use licence should be carried out at a site specific scale to improve decision making during licence issuance. The objective of the study is to outline the scientific study and demonstrate how the investigation that leads to the decision making can be conducted. The study was carried out using hydraulic methods such as pumping test and geochemical analysis method. Hydraulic properties were determined and chemical elements were analysed for and compared with the SANS 241 water quality standards for domestic and agricultural use. Hydraulic properties such as hydraulic conductivity (K), transmissivity (T), yield and storativity (S) were determined. Major and minor ions that are required to be analysed for domestic and agricultural water use were analysed. Piper diagrams and FC method were used to analyse data. The piper diagrams plotted indicated that surface water is mixing with groundwater and that means there is connection between groundwater and surface water. The chemical elements analysed for were compared with SANS 241 water quality standards for domestic and agricultural use. The water quality on the investigated site can be categorized as having good water quality. A sustainable yield estimated from the two boreholes (BH03 and BH05) which was 1.02 Ɩ/s. The available drawdown estimated with reference to the boreholes water strikes that were determined by EC profiling were 135 mbgl from both boreholes. The study recommends the issuance of water use licence with conditions that chemistry of water should be analysed for once a quarter and boreholes water levels should be analysed for once a month.
Massmann, Joel Warren. "Groundwater contamination from waste-management sites : the interaction between risk-based engineering design and regulatory policy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27451.
Повний текст джерелаScience, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
Dasey, Gregory R. Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Geophysical and hydrogeological assessment of the interaction of saline and fresh groundwater near a tidal creek." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2010. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44732.
Повний текст джерелаCameron, Stewart Graham. "A hydrogeological study of the interaction between Avon River baseflow and shallow groundwater, Christchurch, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8023.
Повний текст джерелаNespoli, Massimo <1988>. "Modeling earthquake-fluid interaction: shallow effects on groundwater circulation and induced seismicity in deep geothermal exploitation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7530/1/nespoli_massimo_tesi.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаL'interazione tra terremoti e fluidi crostali è un argomento molto complesso per via dei numerosi meccanismi che sono coinvolti e che si influenzano a vicenda. Alcuni fenomeni, come l'alterazione delle sorgenti e del flusso di fluidi, la liquefazione e il cambiamento del livello d'acqua nei pozzi freatici, sono largamente documentati in letteratura, tuttavia la loro spiegazione non è ancora del tutto chiara. Oltretutto, questi fenomeni possono cambiare sensibilmente in base al tipo di roccia, alla magnitudo del terremoto e alla distanza dalla faglia. Entro una distanza di poche lunghezze di faglia dall'epicentro, un terremoto può modificare sia il campo di sforzo regionale che le proprietà idrauliche della roccia, influenzando la distribuzione dei fluidi nel sottosuolo. In questa tesi utilizzo il simulatore numerico TOUGH2 per rappresentare la variazione del livello d'acqua di alcuni pozzi successivamente al terremoto di magnitudo ML5.9 che avvenne in Italia nel 2012. Il modello mostra che la risposta dei pozzi al terremoto può essere rappresentata imponendo una variazione di stress statico ed evidenzia l'importanza della stratigrafia del sottosuolo. Questa zona è ben nota anche per emissioni di metano localizzate, associate a riscaldamenti anomali del sottosuolo. In questa tesi presento delle simulazioni per rappresentare questo processo e traggo alcune conclusioni circa la natura di questo fenomeno e sulle sue possibili interazioni con la sismicità locale. In ultimo, studio la relazione tra fluidi e terremoto dal punto di vista opposto: come I fluidi possono facilitare la sismicità. Presento i risultati ottenuti accoppiando il simulatore geotermico TOUGH2 con un modello sismico, stocastico, a “seed”. La simulazione accoppiata è in grado di catturare le caratteristiche principali della sismicità indotta dall'iniezione di fluidi in un'area sismicamente attiva.
Nespoli, Massimo <1988>. "Modeling earthquake-fluid interaction: shallow effects on groundwater circulation and induced seismicity in deep geothermal exploitation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7530/.
Повний текст джерелаL'interazione tra terremoti e fluidi crostali è un argomento molto complesso per via dei numerosi meccanismi che sono coinvolti e che si influenzano a vicenda. Alcuni fenomeni, come l'alterazione delle sorgenti e del flusso di fluidi, la liquefazione e il cambiamento del livello d'acqua nei pozzi freatici, sono largamente documentati in letteratura, tuttavia la loro spiegazione non è ancora del tutto chiara. Oltretutto, questi fenomeni possono cambiare sensibilmente in base al tipo di roccia, alla magnitudo del terremoto e alla distanza dalla faglia. Entro una distanza di poche lunghezze di faglia dall'epicentro, un terremoto può modificare sia il campo di sforzo regionale che le proprietà idrauliche della roccia, influenzando la distribuzione dei fluidi nel sottosuolo. In questa tesi utilizzo il simulatore numerico TOUGH2 per rappresentare la variazione del livello d'acqua di alcuni pozzi successivamente al terremoto di magnitudo ML5.9 che avvenne in Italia nel 2012. Il modello mostra che la risposta dei pozzi al terremoto può essere rappresentata imponendo una variazione di stress statico ed evidenzia l'importanza della stratigrafia del sottosuolo. Questa zona è ben nota anche per emissioni di metano localizzate, associate a riscaldamenti anomali del sottosuolo. In questa tesi presento delle simulazioni per rappresentare questo processo e traggo alcune conclusioni circa la natura di questo fenomeno e sulle sue possibili interazioni con la sismicità locale. In ultimo, studio la relazione tra fluidi e terremoto dal punto di vista opposto: come I fluidi possono facilitare la sismicità. Presento i risultati ottenuti accoppiando il simulatore geotermico TOUGH2 con un modello sismico, stocastico, a “seed”. La simulazione accoppiata è in grado di catturare le caratteristiche principali della sismicità indotta dall'iniezione di fluidi in un'area sismicamente attiva.
Brown, Krista M. "GROUNDWATER-STREAM INTERACTIONS AND WATER QUALITY OF FORMER DAM RESERVOIRS IN NORTHEAST, OHIO." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1564530847224908.
Повний текст джерелаXu, Xiuyuan. "Interaction of Chemical Oxidants with Aquifer Materials." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2891.
Повний текст джерелаThe investigation into the interaction between aquifer materials and permanganate consisted of three series of bench-scale experiments: (1) long-term batch experiments which were used to investigate permanganate consumption in response to fundamental geochemical properties of the aquifer materials, (2) short-term batch experiments which were designed to yield kinetic data that describe the behavior of permanganate in the presence of various aquifer materials, and (3) column experiments which were used to investigate permanganate transport in a system that mimics the subsurface environment. The long-term experiments which involved more than 180 batch reactors monitored for ~300 days showed that the unproductive permanganate consumption by aquifer materials or natural oxidant demand (NOD) is strongly affected by the initial permanganate concentration, permanganate to solid mass ratio, and the reductive components associated with each aquifer material. This consumption cannot be represented by an instantaneous reaction process but is kinetically controlled by at least a fast and slow reactive component. Accordingly, an empirical expression for permanganate NOD in terms of aquifer material properties, and a hypothetical kinetic model consisting of two reaction components were developed. In addition, a fast and economical permanganate NOD estimation procedure based on a permanganate COD test was developed and tested. The investigation into short-term permanganate consumption (time scale of hours) was based on the theoretical derivation of the stoichiometric reaction of permanganate with bulk aquifer material reductive components, and consisted of excess permanganate mass experiments and excess aquifer material mass experiments. The results demonstrated that permanganate consumption by aquifer materials can be characterized by a very fast reaction on the order of minutes to hours, confirming the existence of the fast reaction component of the hypothetical kinetic model used to describe the long-term permanganate NOD observations. A typical experimental column trial consisted of flushing an aquifer-material packed column with the permanganate source solution until sufficient permanganate breakthrough was observed. The permanganate column results indicated the presence of a fast and slow consumption rate consistent with the long-term batch test data, and an intermediate consumption rate affecting the shape of the rising limb of the breakthrough curve. Finally, a comparison of the experimental results between batch and column systems indicated that permanganate NOD was significantly overestimated by the batch experiments; however, permanganate consumption displayed some similarity between the batch and column systems and hence an empirical expression was developed to predict permanganate consumption in physically representative column systems from batch reactor data.
The interaction between hydrogen peroxide and aquifer materials was also investigated with both batch and column experiments. A series of batch experiments consisting of a mixture of 2% hydrogen peroxide and 15 g of aquifer materials was used to capture the overall hydrogen peroxide behavior in the presence of various aquifer materials. The results indicated that the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of various aquifer materials followed a first-order rate law, and was strongly affected by the content of amorphous transition metals (i. e. , Fe and Mn). Although hydrogen peroxide decomposition is related to the total organic carbon (TOC) content of natural aquifer materials, the results from a two-week long exposure to hydrogen peroxide suggests that not all forms of natural organic matter contributed to this decomposition. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to generate predictive relationships to estimate hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate coefficients based on various aquifer material properties. The enhanced stability of hydrogen peroxide was investigated under six scenarios with the addition of chelating reagents. The impact of a new green chelating reagent, S,S'-ethylenediaminedisuccinate (EDDS), on the stability of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of aquifer materials was experimentally examined and compared to that of the traditional and widely used chelating reagent, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA). The results demonstrated that EDDS was able to significantly increase the stability of hydrogen peroxide, especially for aquifer materials with low TOC contents and/or high dissolvable Fe and Mn contents. Finally, to complement and expand the findings from the batch experiments, column experiments were conducted with aquifer materials from five representative sites. Each column was flushed with two types of source solutions (with or without EDDS addition) at two flow rates. The column experiments showed that the use of EDDS resulted in an earlier breakthrough and a higher stable concentration of hydrogen peroxide relative to the case without the addition of EDDS. The hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate coefficients generated from the column data were significantly higher than those generated from the batch test data and no correlation between hydrogen peroxide decomposition coefficients obtained from column and batch experiments was observed. Based on the column experimental results, a one-dimensional transport model was also calibrated to capture the hydrogen peroxide breakthrough process.
Data from bench-scale tests are routinely used to support both ISCO design and site screening, and therefore the findings from this study can be used as guidance on the utility of these tests to generate reliable and useful information. In general, the behavior of both permanganate and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of aquifer materials in batch and the column systems clearly indicates that the use of batch test data for ISCO system design is questionable since column experiments are believed to mimic in situ conditions better since column systems provide more realistic aquifer material contact. Thus the scaling relationships developed in this study provide meaningful tools to transfer information obtained from batch systems, which are widely employed in most bench-scale studies, to column systems.
Lovell, Daniel Martin. "Conjunctive management of groundwater and surface water in the Upper Ovens River Valley /." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/5724.
Повний текст джерелаAla-aho, P. (Pertti). "Groundwater-surface water interactions in esker aquifers:from field measurements to fully integrated numerical modelling." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526206585.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Vesivarojen hallinnassa tarvitaan menetelmiä pohja- ja pintaveden kokonaisvaltaiseen huomioimiseen. Pohja- ja pintavesiä tarkastellaan usein erillisinä osina hydrologista kiertoa, mikä on johtanut niiden välisten virtausprosessien yksinkertaistamiseen. Tässä työssä selvitettiin Rokuan pohjavesiesiintymän hydrologiaa ja hydraulista yhteyttä alueella oleviin järviin ja puroihin. Tutkimuksessa pyrittiin osaltaan selvittämään syitä harjualueen järvien pinnanvaihteluun ja veden laatuongelmiin. Kenttätutkimuksissa todettiin voimakasta alueellista vaihtelua järven ja pohjaveden vuorovaikutuksessa. Pohjaveden suotautumisen ajallinen vaihtelu puolestaan oli vähäisempää, mutta havaittavissa, ja kytköksissä järveä ympäröivän pohjavesipinnan vaihteluihin. Merkkiaineet vesinäytteistä viittasivat vastaavan vuorovaikutuksen olevan läsnä myös muissa alueen järvissä, mutta suotautuvan pohjaveden määrän vaihtelevan järvittäin. Turvemailla tehdyt mittaukset osoittivat pohjaveden purkautuvan ojaverkostoon ja ojituksen mahdollisesti lisäävän ulosvirtaamaa pohjavesiesiintymästä. Pohjaveden muodostumismäärää ja -nopeutta tutkittiin numeerisella mallinnuksella, joka kehitettiin huomioimaan harjualueelle ominaiset fysikaaliset tekijät. Mallinnus tuotti arvion ajallisesti ja alueellisesti vaihtelevasta pohjaveden muodostumisesta, joka varmennettiin kenttämittauksilla. Tuloksissa korostui kasvillisuuden, ja sitä kautta metsähakkuiden, vaikutus pohjaveden muodostumismääriin. Hydrologiasta kerätyn aineiston ja kehittyneen prosessiymmärryksen avulla Rokuan harjualueesta muodostettiin täysin integroitu numeerinen pohjavesi-pintavesi virtausmalli. Mallinnustulokset vastasivat mittauksia pohjaveden ja järvien pinnantasoista sekä purovirtaamista. Työn merkittävin tulos oli, että mallinnetut pohjaveden purkautumiskohdat ja purkautumismäärät alueen järviin vastasivat kenttähavaintoja. Tämä työ havainnollisti, että ymmärtääkseen pohjaveden ja siitä riippuvaisten järvien ja purojen vuorovaikutusta harjualueella on käytettävä monipuolisia tutkimusmenetelmiä. Työ toi lisätietoa Rokuan harjualueen vesiongelmien syihin selittäen järvien vedenpinnan vaihtelua ja vedenlaatua pohjavesihydrologialla. Väitöstyön tärkein anti oli erilaisten kenttä- ja mallinnus-menetelmien soveltaminen, kehittäminen ja hyödylliseksi havaitseminen harjualueiden kokonaisvaltaisessa pinta- ja pohjavesien hallinnassa
Périllon, Cécile [Verfasser], Hans-Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Grossart, and Sabine [Akademischer Betreuer] Hilt. "The effect of groundwater on benthic primary producers and their interaction / Cécile Périllon ; Hans-Peter Grossart, Sabine Hilt." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1218403365/34.
Повний текст джерелаGaona, Garcia Jaime. "Groundwater-stream water interactions: point and distributed measurements and innovative upscaling technologies." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/242544.
Повний текст джерелаTien, Anh Tho. "The influence of climate variability on hydrological processes and surface and groundwater hydrochemistry : the tropical upper roper river catchment, Northern Territory, Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/44150/1/Anh_Tien_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTimani, Bassel. "Innovative and Efficient Simulation-Optimization Tools for Successful Groundwater Management and Conflict Resolution." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4601.
Повний текст джерелаAbesh, Bidisha Faruque. "Modeling and Understanding Groundwater Contamination Caused by Cyanotoxins from Harmful Algal Blooms in Lake Erie." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1562953927561716.
Повний текст джерелаDonelan, Jack E. "Groundwater-Surface Water Interaction in the Kern River| Estimates of Baseflow from Dissolved Radon Analysis and Hydrograph Separation Techniques." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10841176.
Повний текст джерелаGeochemical mixing methods utilizing 222Rn and chloride and statistical hydrograph separation techniques were carried out in an attempt to understand baseflow dynamics in a section of the Kern River in the Sierra Nevada of Southern California. 222Rn has become a valuable tool for evaluating groundwater inflow to a river, particularly when groundwater and surface water have similar major ion geochemistry. When using geochemical methods it is important to minimize uncertainty through comparison with separate tracers and techniques, though this is complicated in this setting. Snow melt discharge and regulation of natural river flow cause hydrograph-based techniques to suffer from inaccuracies. Geochemical mixing using major ions and stable isotopes are complicated by the chemical similarity between surface water and groundwater. 222Rn is a powerful tool to elucidate this relationship in this setting if major uncertainties, like rate of radon degassing and parafluvial and hyporheic radon production can be constrained.
Banda, Vincent Santos Dzulani. "Assessing hydrogeological characteristics to establish influence of aquifer-river interaction in non-perennial river systems, Heuningnes catchment." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7007.
Повний текст джерелаOver half of total flows in the global river network are composed of non-perennial rivers. This indicates the importance of non-perennial river systems in supporting the biodiversity. It has been established that groundwater is one of the elements that control the flow regimes and classification (whether perennial or not) of a river system. However, the use of hydrogeological characteristics to establish the influence of groundwater on non-perennial river systems remain to be widely unpublished. This study, therefore, intends to conceptualize and explain the role of hydrogeological characteristics in non-perennial rivers, using the Heuningnes catchment in the Western Cape Province of South Africa as a case study. The study has argued that thorough characterization of aquifers is essential in order to adequately establish the extent of aquifer-river connectivity and how groundwater influences flows and chemical loading in non-perennial river systems. The study has three objectives namely: (i) to determine the aquifer characteristics (ii) to characterise the aquifer-river interaction and (iii) to conceptualize the groundwater flow system. Records review, field, analytical and laboratory-based methods were used to collect and interpret geological, groundwater level, pumping test, hydro-chemical and environmental stable isotopic data in order to characterise groundwater occurrence, flow system and its interaction with the rivers of the study area. Water samples were taken from groundwater, surface water and rainfall during both dry and wet periods. Results show that the study area has a topography-controlled water table with shallow depth to groundwater levels ranging on average from 3 - 10 m, which result into largely a local groundwater flow system. Transmissivity values determined from constant rate pumping test range between 0.17 and 1.74 m2/day. Results exhibit that the low transmissivity values are associated with the weathered nature of the Table Mountain sandstone and the unfractured Bokkeveld shale formations. Hydrochemical data results indicate that both groundwater and river samples in the upstream part of the study area are characterised as fresh water with TDS values of less than 1000 mg/l while the downstream part has saline waters with TDS ranging from 2000 – 35000 mg/l. Results also show that Na-Cl is the dominant water composition for both groundwater and river water. The order of major ion dominance is similar for the two water sources, with concentration ranges from high to low in the order of Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+ and Cl->SO42->HCO3- for cations and anions respectively. The similar patterns and trends in salinity and major ion data suggest the connectivity between the aquifer and the river. Environmental stable isotope data indicate river samples in upstream areas having depleted δ18O (-4.3 to -5.12‰) and δ2H (-22.9 to -19.3‰) signatures similar to groundwater indicating a stable and continuous groundwater contribution to the river flows. Meanwhile, high evaporative enrichment of δ18O (1.13 to 7.08‰) and δ2H (38.8 to 7.5‰) is conceived in river samples from downstream areas. Ionic ratios and isotope-salinity relationships suggest that groundwater chemistry is derived from sea sprays, evaporation and dissolution of Bokkeveld shale host rock. Geological, hydrogeological, hydrochemical and environmental stable isotope data were used to develop a conceptual hydrogeological model which explains the role of groundwater in non-perennial river systems. Results indicate that the North East – South West fault on the north-eastern part of the study area seem to act as a conduit to groundwater flow thereby supplying water to the upstream rivers while the East -West fault in the northern part seem to act as a barrier to groundwater flow resulting into a hydraulic discontinuity between upstream and downstream areas. Meanwhile, the relatively low conductive formation in the downstream areas coupled with a relatively low hydraulic gradient (0.000843) suggests there is slow Darcian groundwater flows resulting in less flushing and high salinization of groundwater. Eventually, in the downstream part of the study area there is slow and minimal groundwater discharge to the rivers resulting into groundwater failing to maintain the river flows and pools. In general, rivers of the study area largely gain water from groundwater although the amount of groundwater discharge varies from one river segment to another in both upstream and downstream parts. The conceptual model has led to the development of a proposed optimum management of non-perennial rivers including the effects of groundwater abstraction on the river flows.
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Simpson, Scott. "Modeling Stream-Aquifer Interactions During Floods and Baseflow: Upper San Pedro River, Southeastern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193338.
Повний текст джерелаBerger, Tobias. "Fluoride in surface water and groundwater in southeast Sweden : sources, controls and risk aspects." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-52562.
Повний текст джерелаEichinger, Florian. "Matrix pore water - fracture groundwater interaction in crystalline bedrock based on natural tracers : an archive of long-term hydrogeological evolution /." Bern : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Повний текст джерела