Дисертації: "Green tea"

1

Yu, Sze-tak. "Effects of Chinese green tea and tea catechins on lipolysis." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21106137.

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2

余詩德 and Sze-tak Yu. "Effects of Chinese green tea and tea catechins on lipolysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969677.

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3

Cheng, Tak-him Terence. "Neuroprotective effect of green tea extracts." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203517.

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4

何禮昌 and Lai-cheong Ho. "Effects of green tea on ovariectomized rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970540.

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5

Ho, Lai-cheong. "Effects of green tea on ovariectomized rats." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?

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6

Mudau, Fhatuwani N. "Growth, development and chemical composition of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides L.) as affected by seasonal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08242006-133149.

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7

McArdle, Nicholas J. "The antigenotoxic effect of tea." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390574.

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8

Avila, Alejandra. "Experimental study of the effects of green tea on improving the outcomes of BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania Mexicana." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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9

Charoenchon, Nisamanee. "Can green tea catechin supplement protect against photoageing?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/can-green-tea-catechin-supplement-protect-against-photoageing(64eefb5f-ef37-4900-9c03-3477c8a74e50).html.

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Photoaged skin caused by chronic ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is characterised clinically with hyperpigmentation, coarse skin texture and deep wrinkles; the worst outcome is skin cancer. Histological investigation of the alteration within major extracellular matrices (ECM; elastic fibres, fibrillar collagens) is essential study to understand the cellular effect on skin structure from UVR. This thesis used an acute dose of radiation to examine in humans in vivo the effect of UVR on ECM components before assessing whether a dietary intervention could protect skin from UVR damage. Green tea catechins (GTCs) have anti-oxidant properties and may be an interesting option as a systemic photoprotection agent. Hence this thesis assesses: 1) the effect of acute irradiation of skin on dermal ECM damage to see whether it mimics the changes observed in photoageing and; 2) whether dietary supplementation with GTC will provide dermal ECM protection. UV-induced change in elastic fibre network. Initially, the effect of two different UV light sources on elastic fibre protein (elastic fibres, fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-2 and -5 microfibrils) remodelling was performed. The effect of ultraviolet B vs full-spectrum solar simulated radiation (SSR) were investigated in a small sample of healthy Caucasian volunteers (n = 6 per group). At 24 hour after 3× MED irradiation, Weigert's resorcin–fuchsin stained elastic fibres showed a significant reduction regardless of irradiation protocol (UVB, P<0.01; SSR P<0.05). Specific components were identified by immunohistochemistry; a significant reduction in fibrillin-rich microfibrils (FRM) was observed in UVB-irradiated skin (P<0.05), whilst fibulin-5-positive microfibrils were only affected by SSR (P<0.05). The data revealed, therefore, differential effects on UV wavelength on ECM remodelling. SSR, the more physiologically relevant light source was used in subsequent studies Supplement effect in SSR-induced damage in elastic fibre. Fifty healthy volunteers were recruited to this randomised control trial to investigate whether GTC can protect skin from photodamage. Volunteers were randomized to GTC (1080 mg plus 100 mg vitamin C; n=25) or placebo (maltodextrin; n = 25) daily for 12-weeks with compliance assessed biochemically in urine samples. Of the n = 50 recruited, 44 volunteers completed the study. In baseline, UVR challenge resulted in a significant remodeling of the cutaneous elastic fiber system (P<0.001), particularly fibulin-2 and fibulin-5-positive microfibrils at 24-hr after 3×MED irradiation. In post-supplementation, fibulin-5 positive microfibrils were protected from UVR remodeling (% staining, mean ± SE; no UV, 18.1±0.89; UVR, 17.1±0.61; P=0.30) whilst no protection was seen in the placebo group (no UVR, 19.41±0.79; UVR, 17.69±0.61; P<0.05). Supplement effect in SSR-induced damage in collagenous matrix. In the identical experiment, collagenous matrices including synthesis of procollagen I was also examined as fibrillar collagens are the major ECM components providing strength within dermis. The fibrillar collagen and newly synthesised procollagen I were stained by Picrosirius red and immunohistochemistry respectively. At baseline, acute irradiation significantly reduced papillary dermal fibrillar collagens (P<0.001) and induced deposition of newly synthesised pro-collagen I (P=0.02). In post-supplementation, GTC enhanced the deposition of thin collagen fibres in the dermis. Whilst placebo showed no effect on the altered organisation of fibrillar collagens or deposition of pro-collagen I following the irradiation challenge, GTC protected the organisation of fibrillar collagens in the papillary dermis (P=0.97).This novel in vivo human study may be used to recapitulate elastic fibre and collagen changes associated with photoageing and may be useful for dissecting out the mechanisms underlying extracellular matrix damage in response to chronic sunlight exposure. Furthermore, in a randomized control trial, dietary GTC protected fibulin-5 microfibrils and collagen fibres in the papillary dermis from UV-mediated degradation. The mechanism by which this protection occurs requires further study.

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10

Zheng, Yuanyuan. "PROTECTION AGAINST ENDOTHELIAL INFLAMMATION BY GREEN TEA FLAVONOIDS." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/64.

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Endothelial inflammation is a pivotal early event in the development of atherosclerosis. Long term exposure to cardiovascular risk factors will ultimately exhaust those protective anti-inflammatory factors such as the heme oxygenase (HO) system. The HO system plays a critical role in cellular and tissue self-defense against oxidative stress and inflammation. Caveolae are membrane domains and are particularly abundant in endothelial cells, where they are believed to play a major role in the regulation of endothelial vesicular trafficking as well as the uptake of lipids and related lipophilic compounds, possibly including bioactive food components such as flavonoids. Research in this dissertation addresses the role of HO-1 and caveolae on dietary flavonoid epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) mediated protection against pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and linoleic acid-induced activation of endothelial cells. The data support the hypothesis that EGCG protects against TNF-α-induced monocyte recruitment and adhesion partially through the induction of HO-1 and bilirubin. The observed anti-inflammatory effects of EGCG are mimicked by the HO-1 inducer cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) and abolished by HO-1 gene silencing. Nrf2 is the major transcription factor of phase II antioxidant enzymes including HO-1. Results clearly show that EGCG-induced HO-1 expression and subsequent bilirubin productions are dependent on functional Nrf2. EGCG also can down-regulate the base-line level of caveolin-1. Furthermore, silencing of the caveolin-1 gene can markedly down-regulate linoleic acid-induced COX-2 and MCP-1, indicating that caveolae may be a critical platform regulating inflammatory signaling pathways. Similar to EGCG treatment, silencing of caveolin-1 can also result in the activation of Nrf2, up-regulation of HO-1 and bilirubin. This may be one of the mechanisms to explain the protection effect of caveolin-1 gene silencing against endothelial inflammation. Moreover, EGCG rapidly accumulates in caveolae, which is associated with caveolin-1 displacement from the plasma membrane towards the cytosol. Caveolin-1 gene silencing can significantly reduce the uptake of EGCG in endothelial cells within 30 min. These data suggest that caveolae may play a role in the uptake and transport of EGCG in endothelial cells. These studies provide a novel target through which EGCG functions to protect against inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.

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11

Quartley, Benjamin J. P. "The antioxidant activity of green tea in vivo." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308646.

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12

McConnell, Paul S. "Green tea antioxidants inhibition of oxidation and mutation." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2052.

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13

Ohanessian, Natalie. "Developing a green tea based natural energy drink /." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/fsnsp/1.

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Thesis (B.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009.
Project advisor: Hany Khalil. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Jan. 14, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.

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14

Clarke, Kayleigh Anne. "Bioavailability and bioactivity of green tea catechins in skin." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6354/.

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Dietary flavonoids have been extensively researched in relation to health benefits in humans. The regular consumption of green tea catechins (GTC) has been associated with a reduction in the risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Flavonoids are known to protect plants from the damage caused by exposure to UV radiation, and this effect has also been observed when flavonoids are applied topically to human skin cells. The effect of oral consumption of flavonoids on skin protection from UV exposure is not clear. The work presented within this thesis aimed to investigate the effect of GTC on the response of skin cells to UV induced-stress. Keratinocyte cells from an immortalised human skin cell line (HaCaT) were assessed after exposure to various stress conditions in vitro (FBS starvation, hydrogen peroxide and UV), in combination with a pre-treatment of green tea extract or a purified mixture of GTC. GTC reduced cell death induced by stress (decrease in LDH release), and maintained viability (increase in MTT uptake) in HaCaT cells, relative to control treatments. The uptake of vitamin C, a photo-protective agent depleted after UV exposure, was enhanced by treatment with GTC during stress conditions, as monitored by uptake of 14C-dehydroascorbic acid and evaluation of vitamin C transporters with qRT-PCR. In relation to in vivo conditions, GTC may provide protection and also enhance vitamin C uptake into skin cells undergoing stress. Bioavailability of GTC and metabolites in human skin cells after daily consumption of green tea and vitamin C supplements for 3 months was also investigated. Catechin metabolites in a range of tissues (plasma, interstitial blister fluid, skin biopsies and urine) were identified with LC-MS-MS in unconjugated and conjugated (sulphate, methyl and glucuronide) forms. For the first time, conjugated catechin metabolites were identified in skin tissue samples and extracellular fluid surrounding skin cells; including M6/M6'-O-sulphate, O-methyl-EC-O-sulphate,EC-O-sulphate and EGC-O-glucuronide, with metabolites identified in urine and plasma post-consumption similar to data reported in the literature. The work presented in this thesis provides new knowledge on bioavailability of GTC and metabolites in human skin, which together with vitamin C, may exert UV protection and other health benefits. Further research is required in vitro using pure conjugated standards (methyl, glucuronide and sulphate moieties), and data corresponding to the inflammatory biomarkers post-UV exposure (analysis at the University of Manchester and University of Bradford) is also required before a conclusive relationship can be drawn between oral consumption of flavonoids and UV protection.

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15

Cai, Yan. "Clinical and pre-clinical pharmacokinetics of green tea polyphenols." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280157.

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Tea consumption has been suggested to have beneficial effects for human health, especially in cancer prevention. At present, epidemiological evidence of the protective effect of tea consumption against the development of human cancer is not conclusive. Interpretation of epidemiological data and extrapolation of rodent data to humans are generally hampered by inadequate information on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of tea constituents. We have performed studies to determine the pharmacokinetics of green tea in humans after single and multiple oral dose administration of tea polyphenols and the contribution of hepatic first-pass elimination to the low oral bioavailability of green tea catechins in animals. EGCG was present in the systemic blood in the unchanged form in humans after oral administration of two green tea polyphenol products, EGCG and Polyphenon E (a mixture of major green tea polyphenols). Oral administration of EGCG and Polyphenon E resulted in similar systemic exposure of EGCG. EGC and EC were present in glucuronic acid/sulfate conjugates in blood and urine samples after the Polyphenon E administration. Large inter-subject variations in the systemic levels of green tea catechins were observed following oral administration of green tea polyphenols. We found that it is safe for healthy human subjects to take green tea polyphenols for four weeks in amounts equivalent to those contained in 8 to 16 cups of green tea once a day or in divided doses twice a day. Systemic availability of EGCG increased more than 60% after chronic green tea polyphenol administration at high doses once a day. Oral administration of green tea polyphenols at the selected doses and dosing schedules did not elicit overall changes in the selected pharmacodynamic measurements. Oral bioavailability of green tea catechins was demonstrated to be low in animals and possibly in humans. Based on our pre-clinical study, we found that first-pass hepatic elimination of green tea catechins didn't play a significant role in the presystemic elimination of orally administered catechins. Factors within the gastrointestinal tract such as limited membrane permeability, transporter mediated intestinal secretion, or gut wall metabolism may contribute more significantly to the low oral bioavailability of green tea catechins.

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16

Shelley, James. "Investigating the Fluoride Content in Black and Green Tea." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1998.

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The tea plant, Camellia sinensis, is a fluoride (F) accumulator. Upon brewing, tea releases large amounts of F. Excessive amounts of F can cause dental fluorosis (DF) and skeletal fluorosis (SF). This study aims to determine the F levels in 4 brands of green tea and 4 brands of black tea. F was measured using an ion selective electrode (ISE) in 3 analyses: i) standard tea infusion, ii) infusion over time with spectrophotometric determination, and iii) microwave digestion. By considering the existing literature and the results of this study, the health risk associated with consuming these 8 brands of tea is evaluated. In accordance with the literature, black tea infusions have significantly higher F than green tea infusions (p < 0.01). As the brew with the significantly highest F concentration (4.07 mg L-1 ), Tetley was chosen to demonstrate the relationship between infusion time and F concentration. As expected, both F concentration and absorbance increase with infusion time. The microwave digestion results are less conclusive. There is no significant difference between the dry mass of F (mg kg-1 ) in green and black tea. Across all samples, approximately 10-31% of the total F is released after 2 minutes of infusion. These results suggest that chronic tea consumption could cause DF and SF. A cup of Tetley tea contains 0.81 mg of F. Only 7.4 or 2.2 cups of Tetley tea would need to be consumed by an adult or child, respectively, to exceed the daily upper limit at which symptoms of SF can arise. Considering the multiple other dietary fluoride sources and the increased susceptibility of children, F in tea should be more closely monitored.

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17

Green, Eric D. "The Effect of Green Tea Extract on Endurance Performance in Young Adults." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/nutrition_theses/29.

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Background: Green tea is rich in catechin, a polyphenolic antioxidant. Consumption of green tea or extract from green tea has been shown to result in weight loss, increased fat oxidation, and elevated energy expenditure in mice and humans. Green tea consumption has also been shown to result in increased exercise endurance in mice and improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in humans. It is not clearly known whether green tea consumption would increase exercise endurance in humans. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if the daily consumption of decaffeinated green tea extract for 4-5 weeks, would improve exercise endurance in humans, as measured by running 2.5 miles on an indoor track. Subjects, Design, and Methods: This study was based on a randomized, double-blind design. Fourteen, normal, healthy individuals volunteered for participation and completed the study. They were divided into two groups (n= 7 for each group). All participants completed 2 endurance trials, 1 at the baseline and 1 at the conclusion of the study. Each trial consisted of a 2.5 mile run around the GSU Recreation Center indoor track. One group consumed green tea extract pill containing 900 mg catechins and the other group consumed a placebo for 4-5 weeks between run trials. Results: Green tea and placebo groups improved their running times, however, there was no significant difference between these two groups in mean end time (P = 0.74). Under one statistical analysis, the green tea group significantly improved their running time compared to baseline (P = 0.019), while the placebo group did not. However, under another statistical analysis (removing one participant due to possible skewing effect), both groups significantly improved their running time over baseline (P< 0.05). Conclusions: This study was not able conclusively ascertain whether or not the daily consumption of green tea improved endurance performance as measured by 2.5 mile run times. Results of this study should be used with caution due to small sample size. Future studies are warranted on the impact of green tea consumption on exercise endurance, using a longer duration and a larger sample size than has been studied.

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18

Mudau, Fhatuwani Nixwell. "Growth, development and chemical composition of bush tea (Athrixia Phylicoides L.) as affected by seasonal nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrition." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27502.

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19

Copeland, Emma. "Biomarkers of flavonoid consumption for the evaluation of dietary burden." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320904.

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20

Canda, Bartolomeu David. "Modulation of oxidative stress by rooibos (aspalathus linearis) herbal tea, chinese green (camellia sinensis) tea and commercial tea supplements using a rodent model." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1506.

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Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Biomedical Technology In the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences At the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012
Human and experimental animal studies have shown that biomarkers of oxidative damage are elevated in subjects with certain diseases or risk factors. Consequently, it is hypothesized that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of these diseases and that dietary intake of, or supplementation with antioxidants may be protective or be useful therapeutic targets. This study was designed to investigate the modulatory effect of Camellia sinensis (Chinese green tea), Aspalathus linearis (rooibos herbal tea) and the two commercial supplements on the antioxidant status of the liver and kidney of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative stress male Wistar rats. Rooibos and green tea are beverages well-known for their antioxidant content. Based on the specific beverage consumed, sixty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups, i.e. fermented rooibos (FRT), unfermented rooibos (URT), Chinese green tea (CGT), rooibos supplement (RTS), Chinese green tea supplement (GTS) and control (CTL). The animals had free access to the respective beverages and standard diet for 10 weeks, while oxidative stress was induced during the last 2 weeks via intraperitoneal injection of 30 μM of t-BHP per 100 g body weight. Among all the beverage and/or supplement preparations, the commercial rooibos supplement had the highest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity while fermented rooibos, as previously shown, had a lower antioxidant content and potency when compared to its unfermented counterpart. The ability of these beverages and/or supplements to modulate the antioxidant status in tissues was organ specific and varied according to the assessment method. When considering the liver, the intake of unfermented rooibos, Chinese green tea and the commercial rooibos supplement significantly (P<0.05) restored the t-BHP-induced reduction and increased the antioxidant status with regards to oxygen radical absorbance capacity and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) levels. All the beverages and/or supplements also significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the renal antioxidant capacity as assessed by the TEAC assay. In what may be an indication of decreased oxidative stress, all the beverages were associated with a general decline in activities of the antioxidant enzymes which reached significant levels in renal superoxidase dismutase activity. Generally, the beverages did not impact significantly on lipid peroxidation (LPO) although there were differing trends in the two LPO markers assessed. While thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels showed a declining trend in both tissues, the conjugated dienes were generally elevated. In conclusion, this study confirms Camellia sinensis and Aspalathus linearis as well as their two supplements as good sources of dietary antioxidants and results demonstrated that rooibos and green tea improved the liver and kidney antioxidant capacity of oxidative stress-induced rats. Their impact on antioxidant status in rats was shown to vary between organs and according to the method of assessment. Hence multi-method, multi-organ assessment may be a more informative approach in in vivo antioxidant studies.

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21

Mai, Dan Karen. "Effect of green tea on diet-induced obesity in rats." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23295090.

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22

Van, der Merwe Johanna Debora. "A comparative study on protection of Cyclopia spp. (Honeybush), Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos) and Camellia sinensis teas against Aflatoxin B1 induced mutagenesis in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay : possible mechanisms involved /." Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1256.

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23

Alexander, Lara. "Effects of steam treatment and storage on green honeybush quality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97808.

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Thesis (MSc Food Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Application of steam treatment to green Cyclopia maculata and C. longifolia to modulate their aroma and flavour profile, without detrimental effects on colour and individual phenolic content, was investigated. Steam treatment (96 °C, atmospheric pressure) of different time periods was applied to the shredded, fresh plant material before drying (STBD; 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 s) or the herbal tea product after drying (STAD; 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 min). Steam treatment of 60 s or longer resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in vegetative (‘green grass’ and ‘hay/dried grass’) and cereal (‘oats/porridge/grains’) aroma and flavour intensities, with an increase in some fruity (‘tropical fruit’ and ‘guava’) and ‘fruity-sweet' aroma intensities. These changes manifested to a greater degree for plant material subjected to STBD, while they were less prominent for C. longifolia compared to C. maculata. Additionally, 19 aroma compounds were instrumentally identified in the volatile fraction of C. maculata infusions prepared from STBD plant material. Of these, seven correlated well with green honeybush vegetative and cereal aroma attributes associated with unsteamed samples. Steaming thus resulted in the rapid loss of some of these highly volatile ‘green’-associated aroma compounds. Steam treatment of more than 60 s, regardless of STBD or STAD, was not detrimental to green colour, and individual phenolic content was not greatly affected. The 30 s STBD treatment of C. maculata, however, led to the rapid loss of green colour and oxidation of phenolic compounds, without considerable aroma improvement. This highlights the need for process control during green honeybush production. Storage stability of steamed (60 s, STBD) and unsteamed green C. maculata was investigated under low (0 °C; moisture impermeable packaging) and normal (25 °C at 60% relative humidity (RH); semi-moisture-permeable sachets) temperature storage conditions (LTS and NTS, respectively) over 6 months and high temperature storage (HTS) conditions (40 °C at 75% RH; semimoisture- permeable sachets) for 1 month. HTS conditions, after 1 month, seemed to emulate changes occurring over 6 months at NTS conditions, with little change detected at LTS conditions. Despite noticeable green colour loss over the respective storage periods at NTS and HTS conditions, individual phenolic compounds were not severely affected. NTS and HTS led to the progressive development of sought-after fermented honeybush sensory attributes, especially in unsteamed samples. These include prominent fruity (‘stewed fruit’, ‘apricot jam’ and ‘marmalade’) aromas and flavours, ‘general sweet’ and ‘fruity-sweet’ aromas and a sweeter taste. The collated descriptive sensory data were used to generate a preliminary sensory wheel for green honeybush aroma, and another for flavour, taste and mouthfeel. The sensory profile of green honeybush was finally described as a dominant vegetative aroma and flavour, prominent sweetassociated and slightly fruity aroma, with sweet and notably bitter tastes and an astringent mouthfeel. By combining the sensory data, it was clear that the major effects of storage outweighed those of steam treatments, suggesting that storage of 3 to 6 months may improve sensory quality, although colour may be slightly compromised. Immediate sensory manipulation and thus improvement, however, may be achieved to a lesser degree in the short term by STBD.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die toepassing van stoombehandeling van groen Cyclopia maculata en C. longifolia vir die modulasie van hul aroma en geur profiel, sonder gepaardgaande nadelige gevolge op kleur en individuele fenoliese inhoud, is ondersoek. Stoombehandeling (96 °C, atmosferiese druk) van verskeie tydstippe is toegepas op die gekerfde, vars plantmateriaal voor droging (SBVD; 0, 30, 60, 90 en 120 s) of die groen teeproduk ná droging (SBND; 0, 1, 2, 3 en 4 min). Stoombehandeling van 60 s of langer het tot 'n betekenisvolle (p < 0.05) afname in vegetatiewe (‘groen gras’ en ‘hooi/gedroogde gras’) en graan (‘hawer/pap/graan’) aroma en geur intensiteite gelei, met 'n toename in sommige vrugtige (‘tropiese vrugte’ en ‘koejawel’) en ‘vrugtige-soet’ aroma intensiteite. Hierdie veranderinge was meer merkbaar in die SBVD behandeling, terwyl C. longifolia minder vatbaar vir hierdie veranderinge was as C. maculata. Daarbenewens is 19 aromaverbindings in die vlugtige fraksie van C. maculata aftreksel voorberei van SBVD plantmateriaal instrumenteel geïdentifiseer. Sewe hiervan het goed gekorreleer met heuningbos vegetatiewe en graan aromas wat verband hou met ongestoomde monsters. Stoombehandeling het dus gelei tot die vinnige verlies van sommige van hierdie baie vlugtige ‘groen’-geassosieërde aromaverbindings. Stoombehandeling vir langer as 60 s, ongeag van SBVD of SBND, het nie die groen kleur en individuele fenoliese inhoud grootliks nadelig beïnvloed nie. ‘n SBVD behandeling van 30 s het egter tot die vinnige verlies van groen kleur en oksidasie van fenoliese verbindings, sonder aansienlike aroma verbetering van C. maculata gelei. Dít beklemtoon die noodsaaklikheid vir prosesbeheer tydens groen heuningbosproduksie. Stabiliteit van gestoomde (60 s, SBVD) en ongestoomde groen C. maculata tydens opberging onder lae (0 °C; vog-ondeurlaatbare verpakking) en normale (25 °C by 60% relatiewe humiditeit (RH); semi-vogdeurlaatbare sakkies) temperatuur opbergingtoestande (LTO en NTO, onderskeidelik) oor 6 maande en hoë temperatuur opbergingtoestande (40 °C by 75% RH; semivogdeurlaatbare sakkies; HTO) vir 1 maand, is ondersoek. HTO het na 1 maand soortgelyke veranderinge teweeggebring as NTO na 6 maande, terwyl min verandering by LTO bespeur is. Ten spyte van merkbare groen kleur verlies oor die onderskeie tydperke by NTO en HTO is individuele fenoliese verbindings min beinvloed. NTO en HTO het gelei tot die progresiewe ontwikkeling van gesogte sensoriese eienskappe van gefermenteerde heuningbos, veral in ongestoomde monsters. Dit sluit in prominente vrugtige (‘gestoofde vrugte’, ‘appelkooskonfyt’ en ‘marmelade’) aromas en geure , ‘algemene soet’ en ‘vrugtige-soet’ aromas en 'n soeter smaak. Al die beskrywende sensoriese data is saamgestel om 'n voorlopige sensoriese wiel vir groen heuningbos aroma op te stel, asook een vir geur, smaak en mondgevoel. Die sensoriese profiel van groen heuningbos kan beskryf word as 'n oorheersende vegetatiewe aroma en geur, prominente soet-verwante en effens vrugtige aroma, met soet en veral bitter smaak en ‘n vrank mondgevoel. Deur die sensoriese data te kombineer kon duidelik uitgewys word dat die belangrikste gevolge van opberging dié van stoombehandeling oortref. Dit dui daarop dat opberging van 3 tot 6 maande sensoriese kwaliteit kan verbeter, hoewel kleur effens benadeel kan word. In die kort termyn kan onmiddellike sensoriese manipulasie en dus verbetering egter in 'n mindere mate deur SBVD bereik word.

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Chan, Ying-leung. "Effect of topical green tea on subcutaneous adipocytes in rats." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971519.

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25

Mehra, Anisha. "The effects of green tea derived catechins upon adipocyte metabolism." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12115/.

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Tea, from the plant Camellia Sinensis, is after water, the most consumed drink in the world. Green tea, produced by steaming freshly harvested leaves to prevent fermentation, is high in polyphenols known as catechins or flavanols. The major flavanols found in green tea include (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-) epicatechin. Literature reports suggest that green tea flavanols have the potential to exert anti-obesity effects by modulating weight gain and other factors such as lipogenesis, β-oxidation and adipokine release. Key features of obesity and associated insulin resistance are adipokine dysregulation, decreased sensitivity of adipocytes to insulin and subsequently, changes in glucose uptake by cells. The aims of this thesis were firstly to establish an efficient system of differentiated adipocytes and secondly to use this to investigate the effects of the flavanols EGCG and epicatechin on physiological outcomes such as adipokine release and glucose uptake. Thirdly, the question of whether these processes might be regulated by the ERK1/2 pathway and what may be happening upstream of this was explored. Finally, the effect of flavanol treatment on adipocyte gene expression of genes known to be modulated in obesity was investigated. Using the well established cell culture model of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, the studies from this thesis show that EGCG and epicatechin are able to modulate the release of the adipokines adiponectin and resistin, dependent on the media glucose concentration. This modulation may be mediated by the ERK1/2 pathway, since flavanol treatment increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Uptake of glucose was not altered by any time or concentration of EGCG or epicatechin, and there were no significant changes in adipocyte gene expression following EGCG or epicatechin treatment. A thorough investigation of adipokine release, ERK signalling, glucose uptake and gene expression, under the influence of flavanol treatment, showed that although molecular changes occurred in the 3T3-L1 system, these did not translate into functional readouts. Therefore, it appears unlikely that these have major direct effects on adipocyte function.

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26

麥丹 and Dan Karen Mai. "Effect of green tea on diet-induced obesity in rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970059.

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27

Chan, Ying-leung, and 陳英亮. "Effect of topical green tea on subcutaneous adipocytes in rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31971519.

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28

趙詠頤 and Wing-yee Chiu. "Effect of chronic green tea consumption on lipolysis in rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970461.

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29

Ciesielski, Adrian Adam. "An investigation of green marketing opportunities at BOS Ice Tea." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021246.

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The research addresses the marketing activities of BOS Ice Tea, a South African company, and whether they are reflective and grounded within their marketing activities. By analysing public data and interviewing the founding partners, Richard Bowsher and Grant Rushmere, the findings where compared against the marketing paradigms of Ottoman (1999) and the green marketing practices of Gittell et al. (2012). It was determined that the company engages in green activities, but does not communicate them clearly. Further, where the company did promote organic rooibos and sustainability, their actions were not reflective of these behaviours from an academic point of view. Thus, there was the potential for green washing. The research concludes with suggestions for a 4P’s green marketing framework, and comments on areas that need clarity.

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30

Chiu, Wing-yee. "Effect of chronic green tea consumption on lipolysis in rats." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25139393.

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31

Sun, Litao. "Exploration of factors to enhance aromatic quality in green tea." Thesis, Sun, Litao (2022) Exploration of factors to enhance aromatic quality in green tea. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2022. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/64992/.

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Tea flavor comprises two groups of chemical compounds that contribute to taste (non-volatile compounds in water) and aroma (volatile organic compounds, VOCs). Aromatic substances are the most crucial components of tea quality and stimulating the consumers’ sense of smell. My PhD research focused on understanding the factors which can impact or improve aromatic substances in tea leaves from the pre-harvest application of organic manure to post-harvest treatments. This study explored the interaction between the tea plant–microbiome and the mechanism of how the application of organic fertilizer change the metabolites of the tea plant, particularly VOCs changes, and furthermore, to provide a theoretical reference for the control of green tea aromatic quality through analysis of real-time aromatic characteristics during tea brewing. The results showed that the application of organic manure in tea plantations can trigger significant changes in the metabolic pathways of amino acids, sugars and fatty acids in tea leaves related to aroma. The application of organic manure in tea plantations can significantly change the composition and abundance of rhizosphere-associated bacterial communities. Organic acids and fatty acids affected by the application of organic manure were potential regulators mediating the plant-bacteria interaction in the rhizosphere soil. Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas, Pseudomonas, Saccharimonadales, Gaiellales, Acidobacteriales and Gaiellales were the potential genera that can regulate relative contents of organic and fatty acids. Esters, aldehydes, alcohols, fatty acids and alkaloids were the predominant volatile groups in tea infusions. The variation of the same volatiles between the tea infusion and the corresponding headspace tended to balance during the tea brewing process. Two to three minutes was identified as the best duration for the tea brewing that maximized the abundance of aromatic chemicals in the headspace released from the tea infusions. This study is the first-time providing evidence from direct manipulation of the soil microbiome or certain specific compounds that can offer to improve tea plant development and performance. In addition, a theory and modern technology-based reference method was provided for simulation of green tea sensory test using analysis of the real-time aromatic characteristics.

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Awoniyi, Dolapo Olaitan. "The role of rooibos (Aspalathus Linearis), green tea (Camellia Sinensis) and commercially available rooibos and green tea antioxidant supplements on rat testicular and epididymal function." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1467.

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Thesis (MTech(Biomedical Technology) -- Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010
Defective sperm function is the most prevalent cause of male infertility. Mammalian sperm are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and are susceptible to attack by reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important mediator of sperm function. Normally, a balance is maintained between the amount of ROS produced and the antioxidant defense system. When an imbalance exists between ROS production and antioxidants protection in the favour of ROS activity, oxidative stress (OS) occurs which could lead to cellular damage. A shift in the levels of ROS towards pro-oxidation in semen can induce oxidative stress on sperm. This study compares the modulation of OS by an indigenous herbal tea (rooibos), Chinese green tea, commercial rooibos and green tea supplements in rat epididymal sperm and testicular function. Sixty male Wistar rats were supplemented with fermented or “green” rooibos, Chinese green tea, rooibos supplement, green tea supplement or water for ten weeks while inducing OS during the last two weeks. Rats consuming fermented rooibos and “green” rooibos showed a significant higher sperm concentration and motility. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly higher in the sperm of rats that consumed fermented rooibos, “green rooibos” and green tea compared to the control. Also, the superoxide dismutase activity of the groups that received fermented rooibos, rooibos supplement and green tea increased significantly in the testicular tissue compared to control. Catalase (CAT) activity in the epididymal sperm was significantly increased in the rats consuming fermented rooibos, “green rooibos” and both rooibos and green tea supplements compared to the control. None of the tea treatments showed a significant effect on catalase activity in the testicular tissue. A tendency to increase this activity was observed in fermented rooibos, green tea, rooibos and green tea supplements. The glutathione levels of rats fed with fermented rooibos and “green” rooibos were significantly higher in the rat epididymal sperm compared to the control while the glutathione level of rats consuming green tea supplement also increased significantly in the testicular tissue compared to the control. None of the tea treatments showed a significant effect on lipid peroxidation and ROS levels in the rat sperm. Although rooibos fermented, “green” rooibos and rooibos supplements showed a tendency to lower the levels of these biomarkers when compared with the control group in epididymal sperm. However, the rooibos supplement showed a significantly reduced ROS levels in the testicular tissue. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that rooibos extract and green tea are effective as antioxidants by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels in oxidative stress-induced rats and could offer a measure of protection against oxidative damage, thereby improving sperm quality and function.

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Bursill, Christina. "Green tea and its catechins modulate cholesterol metabolism in cultured human liver (HepG2) cells and the hypercholesterolaemic rabbit." Title page, contents and introduction only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pdb9725.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (21 leaves). Previous studies have found that green tea and its antitoxidant constituents, the catechins, are hypocholesterolaemic in both epidemiological and animal intervetion studies. The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the mechanism by which green tea and its most abundant catechin constituent epigallocatechin gallate increase the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor of HepG2 cells. In addition, it was hoped to determine if a crude catechin extract from green tea could lower plasma cholesterol levels in the hypercholesterolaemic rabbit and ascertain if this effect was due to an increase in the LDL receptor. The study provides evidence that green tea and its catechins exhibit hypocholesterolaemic properties and may therefore provide protection against heart disease.

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34

Lee, Suk-ching. "Effect of green tea derived compounds on the growth of androgen independent prostate cancer in vivo /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36404640.

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35

Kim, Ji-Young. "Transcriptional repressor HBP1 in green tea (epigallocatechin-3-gallate) function in breast cancer prevention /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2006.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2006.
Submitted to the School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Advisers: K. Eric Paulson; Amy S. Yee. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

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Kopaniszen, Malgorzata. "Protective effect of green tea polyphenols on dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in mice." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687466.

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37

Gudala, Sujatha Goud. "Effect of extraction parameters on polyphenols of caffeinated and decaffeinated green tea." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008gudalas.pdf.

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38

Chen, Jie Jack. "Growth inhibition effects of green tea and epigallocatechin gallate in bladder tumors." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4257772X.

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39

Bursill, Christina. "Green tea and its catechins upregulate the low-density lipoprotein receptor /." Title page and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbb972.pdf.

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40

容冠宇 and Koon-yu Samuel Yung. "Effects of green tea on bone loss in mature ovariectomized rat." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970333.

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41

Chen, Juhua, and 陳菊華. "Green tea polyphenols modulate carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31242935.

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42

Chen, Jie Jack, and 陳杰. "Growth inhibition effects of green tea and epigallocatechin gallate inbladder tumors." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4257772X.

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43

Pickard, Olubukunola. "Synthesis and cardioprotective activities of green tea polyphenols and their analogues." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/362977/.

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Cardiovascular disease is a major killer worldwide and it is becoming clear the significance of our diet in curbing the disease. Green tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has recently attracted significant attention in the scientific community for its health benefits. Its consumption has been associated with lower incidences of coronary artery diseases in the Japanese population. This is mainly attributed to its polyphenolic constituents that include epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin gallate. The aim of this research was to synthesise the four major polyphenols present in green as well as analogues. These compounds would then be tested on H9C2 cardiac myoblast cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in order to further understand the structure-activity relationship as well as potentially improve the cardioprotective function of these polyphenols following oxidative stress and ischaemia/reperfusion injury focusing on the expression of STAT-1 and ERK-1/2 proteins. In H9C2 cardiac myoblast cells following the induction of oxidative stress using H2O2, EGCG, EGC and to a minor extent ECG inhibited STAT-1 activation but not ERK- 1/2 phosphorylation suggesting that although the ERK-1/2 pathway gets activated, its downstream activation of STAT-1 is inhibited by the above polyphenols. EC, on the other hand, inhibited ERK-1/2 activation which in turn cannot activate STAT-1. Quantitative assessment of viable cells showed that pretreatment with EGCG resulted in the lowest amount of non-viable cells reducing cell death by 30%. With neonatal rat cardiomyocytes following ischaemia/reperfusion injury, pretreatment with EGCG reduced the amount of non viable cells by 5% but pretreatment with acetylated EGCG at half the concentration of EGCG reduced non-viable cells by 8%. Structure-activity relationships of the green tea polyphenol analogues identified some key aspects in the structures of the polyphenols important in their cardioprotective function. Results indicated that ABD ring system is required for cardioprotective function but the presence of a third OH group in the ring may not be necessary. Substitution of ring C with benzoic and naphthoic rings improved the potency by more than 13-fold compared to EGCG with EC50 values of 1.60 and 0.77 μM respectively. Further research into these analogues could realise their potential and contribute to the understanding of the cardioprotective activities of green tea. A review on the previous synthesis approaches, isolation and biosynthesis of the green tea polyphenols is presented in Chapter 1 and also the different signalling pathways of interest in this work. An evaluation of the biological activities of the four major polyphenols is provided in Chapter 3. Experimental procedure and characterisation data are in Chapter 5.

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44

Yung, Koon-yu Samuel. "Effects of green tea on bone loss in mature ovariectomized rat." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23339846.

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45

Chen, Juhua. "Green tea polyphenols modulate carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2524856x.

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Kafley, Suvash. "Distribution of catechins, epicatechins and methylxanthines in caffeinated and decaffeinated green tea." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008kafleys.pdf.

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Sun, Xiaowei. "Interaction of green tea or black tea polyphenols with protein in the presence or absence of other small ligands." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1556296109059913.

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48

Yang, Tat-chi Teddy. "Effect of Chinese green tea on diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and arteriosclerosis in rats /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19657560.

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Brandon, Jimi Lynn. "Chemopreventive effects of curcumin and green tea on B[a]P-induced carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2410.

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The present study was carried out to examine the chemopreventive effects of curcumin and green tea polyphenols on the hamster cheek pouch carcinogenesis model. This model of oral carcinogenesis has been widely used in chemoprevention studies, however, these studies have been limited to the use of DMBA as the carcinogenic agent. We have developed a protocol of carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch using B[a]P, a broadly distributed environmental carcinogen, formed as a by-product of the combustion of organic materials including cigarette smoke. B[a]P- induced tumors in the hamster cheek pouch are primarily endophytic squamous cell carcinomas that closely resemble squamous cell carcinomas of the human oral mucosa. The cheek pouch of male Syrian hamsters were treated topically for eight weeks with 0.6% curcumin, 6.0% curcumin, 2.5% green tea polyphenols, or 5.0% green tea polyphenols, 3 times per week 30 minutes prior to the application of 2.0% B[a]P. The animals were sacrificed 24 hours and 72 hours after the last treatments. Short-term mechanistic markers of malignant progression were used to determine effects of each compound. Cellular proliferation, assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) incorporation, p53 protein accumulation, and apoptotic activity were evaluated. The results of the present study demonstrated that 0.6% curcumin and 2.5% green tea polyphenols had strong inhibitory effects on cellular proliferation and p53 protein accumulation. And 6.0% curcumin and 5.0% green tea polyphenols appeared to induce apoptosis. Our data suggest that curcumin and green tea polyphenols may have a plausible chemopreventive effect on oral carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch model.

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Lee, Suk-ching, and 李淑貞. "Effect of green tea derived compounds on the growth of androgen independent prostate cancer in vivo." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45010808.

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