Статті в журналах: "Go-No-Go Decision-Making"

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IWAKI, Nobuyoshi, and Makoto MIYATANI. "Response-stop decision-making and the NO-GO potential latency in a GO/NO-GO task." Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology 21, no. 3 (2003): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5674/jjppp1983.21.245.

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Wessels, Alette M., Chris J. Edgar, Pradeep J. Nathan, Eric R. Siemers, Paul Maruff, and John Harrison. "Cognitive Go/No-Go decision-making criteria in Alzheimer’s disease drug development." Drug Discovery Today 26, no. 5 (May 2021): 1330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.012.

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Han, Seung H., and James E. Diekmann. "Approaches for Making Risk-Based Go/No-Go Decision for International Projects." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 127, no. 4 (August 2001): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2001)127:4(300).

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Veling, Harm, Daniela Becker, Huaiyu Liu, Julian Quandt, and Rob W. Holland. "How go/no-go training changes behavior: A value-based decision-making perspective." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 47 (October 2022): 101206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101206.

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Ingelgard, A. P., M. Nokela, J. C. Cole, and A. K. Berger. "Patient-Reported Outcomes (Pro) in Go/No-Go Decision Making in Drug Development." Value in Health 17, no. 7 (November 2014): A521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1627.

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6

Nguyen, Huy Tram N., Patrick Grogan, and H. Ian Robins. "Go, no-go decision making for phase 3 clinical trials: ACT IV revisited." Lancet Oncology 18, no. 12 (December 2017): e708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30857-4.

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Weller, Michael, Nicholas Butowski, David D. Tran, Lawrence D. Recht, Michael Lim, Hal Hirte, Lynn Ashby, et al. "Go, no-go decision making for phase 3 clinical trials: ACT IV revisited – Authors' reply." Lancet Oncology 18, no. 12 (December 2017): e709-e710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30856-2.

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Broglio, Kristine, Jayne Marshall, Binbing Yu, and Paul Frewer. "Comparing Go/No-Go Decision-Making Properties Between Single Arm Phase II Trial Designs in Oncology." Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science 56, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43441-021-00360-2.

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9

Smith, Kevin M. "Decision Making in Complex Environments." International Journal of Aviation Systems, Operations and Training 4, no. 2 (July 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijasot.2017070101.

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Bayesian probability theory, signal detection theory, and operational decision theory are combined to understand how one can operate effectively in complex environments, which requires uncommon skill sets for performance optimization. The analytics of uncertainty in the form of Bayesian theorem applied to a moving object is presented, followed by how operational decision making is applicable to all complex environments. Large-scale dynamic systems have erratic behavior, so there is a need to effectively manage risk. Risk management needs to be addressed from the standpoint of convergent technology applications and performance modeling. The example of an airplane during takeoff shows how a risk continuum needs to be developed. An unambiguous demarcation line for low, moderate, and high risk is made and the decision analytical structure for all operational decisions is developed. Three mission-critical decisions are discussed to optimize performance: to continue or abandon the mission, the approach go-around maneuver, and the takeoff go/no-go decision.

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KAMISSOKO, Daouda, Didier Gourc, François Marmier, and Antoine Clement. "A Go/No-Go Decision-Making Model Based on Risk and Multi-Criteria Techniques for Project Selection." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 15, no. 2 (December 5, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdsst.315641.

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The realization of infrastructures and the deployment of processes can follow project formalism. Generally, a project goes through a design and a realization phase. Between these two phases, there is a crucial milestone: Launching the project. Making this decision is not easy at all, and constitutes a real problem-- the main reasons to this are the numerous numbers of criteria (for technical, economic, social, environmental dimensions) and risks in the sense of feared events. Criteria and risks are most of the time not considered due to lack of time (for formalization) and the difficulty to handle them. The objective of this paper is to propose a relevant approach to make the decision of launching the project or not. The proposal outlined is innovative in that it can consider indicators based on several appropriate criteria, the associated risks, and their ways of management. The fact of considering several criteria and risks increases the probability of making the good decision.

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Ock, Jong H., Seung H. Han, Hyung K. Park, and James E. Diekmann. "Improving decision quality: a risk-based go/no-go decision for buildoperatetransfer (BOT) projects." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 32, no. 3 (June 1, 2005): 517–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l05-002.

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The buildoperatetransfer (BOT) mechanism is used worldwide to promote diverse infrastructure projects. Success in BOT projects mainly depends on selecting the right project to promote. The right project selection initiates from identifying a presumably viable project to pursue at the early project initiation process. When deciding on a prospective project to pursue, developers in many cases rely on their judgment, intuition, or rules of thumb rather than analytic evaluation of the complex BOT characteristics and specific project conditions. It is expected that they will improve the quality of their decisions if a methodical formalism is provided that can help systematically recognize (i) risk factors in the BOT project environment, (ii) the impact of these decisions on project feasibility, and (iii) strategic alternatives to enhance these decisions. The main objective of this research is to develop a risk-based, go/no-go decision model as the formalism, which consists of a decision process model and a decision variables relationship model. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the computational procedures of the model. In an effort to validate the model, this research invites 60 test subjects and adopts convergent experimental studies.Key words: buildoperatetransfer, go/no-go decision, decision quality, multi-attribute decision-making, convergent validation.

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Gunduz, Murat, and Hamza M. A. Lutfi. "Go/No-Go Decision Model for Owners Using Exhaustive CHAID and QUEST Decision Tree Algorithms." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020815.

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Go/no-go execution decisions are one of the most important strategic decisions for owners during the early stages of construction projects. Restructuring the process of decision-making during these early stages may have sustainable results in the long run. The purpose of this paper is to establish proper go/no-go decision-tree models for owners. The decision-tree models were developed using Exhaustive Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (Exhaustive CHAID) and Quick, Unbiased, Efficient Statistical Tree (QUEST) algorithms. Twenty-three go/no-go key factors were collected through an extensive literature review. These factors were divided into four main risk categories: organizational, project/technical, legal, and financial/economic. In a questionnaire distributed among the construction professionals, the go/no-go variables were asked to be ranked according to their perceived significance. Split-sample validation was applied for testing and measuring the accuracy of the Exhaustive CHAID and QUEST models. Moreover, Spearman’s rank correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were employed to identify the statistical features of the 100 responses received. The result of this study benchmarks the current assessment models and develops a simple and user-friendly decision model for owners. The model is expected to evaluate anticipated risk factors in the project and reduce the level of uncertainty. The Exhaustive CHAID and QUEST models are validated by a case study. This paper contributes to the current body of knowledge by identifying the factors that have the biggest effect on an owner’s decision and introducing Exhaustive CHAID and QUEST decision-tree models for go/no-go decisions for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge. From the “sustainability” viewpoint, this study is significant since the decisions of the owner, based on a rigorous model, will yield sustainable and efficient projects.

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13

Fooken, Jolande, and Miriam Spering. "Pursuit eye movements enhance decision making and hitting accuracy in a go/no-go manual interception task." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.596.

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14

Spering, Miriam, and Jolande Fooken. "Eye movement signatures of decision making and hand movement accuracy in a go-no go manual interception task." Journal of Vision 17, no. 10 (August 31, 2017): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/17.10.813.

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15

Taufik, Candra, and M. Yusuf Sanny. "METODE ESTD UNTUK PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN GO/NO-GO EKSEKUSI IDE / RENCANA BISNIS PADA ERA INDUSTRI 4.0." Ekono Insentif 14, no. 1 (April 6, 2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36787/jei.v14i1.204.

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Abstrak - Industry 4.0 memberikan peluang disrupsi teknologi terjadi semakin cepat. Teknologi yang muncul beberapa tahun lalu mungkin sudah tergantikan dengan teknologi terbaru, dan teknologi yang muncul saat ini akan tergantikan oleh teknologi yang lahir beberapa tahun ke depan. Bisnis dapat dipengaruhi oleh adanya disrupsi teknologi tersebut. Satu sisi industri 4.0 dapat menciptakan peluang-peluang usaha baru, namun disisi yang lain dapat menjadi ancaman bagi usaha-usaha yang telah jalan. Calon pengusaha dapat memiliki ide / rencana bisnis baru, sementara pengusaha perlu memiliki ide / rencana bisnis baru untuk dapat mempertahankan bisnis yang telah dilaksanakan. Para pengusaha perlu beradaptasi terhadap ancaman-ancaman yang dihadapi dengan senantiasa membuat inovasi-inovasi baru dalam bisnisnya terutama pada era industri 4.0 ini. Eksekusi ide / rencana bisnis dapat langsung dilaksanakan oleh pemiliknya dan kemudian akan menghadapi dua kemungkinan, yaitu kesuksesan atau kegagalan. Statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak sedikit yang mengalami kegagalan. Banyak juga pengusaha / calon pengusaha yang merasa khawatir terjadi kegagalan sehingga tidak mengeksekusi ide / rencana bisnisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Metode Pengambilan Keputusan Lanjut / Tidak Lanjut (Go/No-Go) dalam eksekusi ide / rencana bisnis pada era Industri 4.0 sebagai alternatif metode selain metode QuickScreen & VOSE (Timmons, 2011), Studi Kelayakan dan Analisis SWOT. Metode Go/No-Go yang dimaksud terdiri dari Explore / Eksplorasi, Select / Pilih, Test / Uji dan Decide / Putuskan atau disingkat ESTD. Dalam penelitian sebelumnya metode tersebut diimplementasikan oleh sejumlah responden dalam pengambilan keputusan lanjut / tidak lanjutnya eksekusi ide / rencana bisnis mereka. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memperkaya teori kewirausahaan dalam proses penyaringan peluang bisnis atau penentuan peluang bisnis (venture opportunity) yang benar. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan ditujukan untuk menjawab pertanyaan “Dapatkah metode ESTD dipergunakan sebagai metode pengambilan keputusan go/no-go pada era industri 4.0”. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti bahwa metode ESTD memiliki beberapa kriteria sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai metode pengambilan keputusan atau pun sebagai metode penyaringan ide / rencana bisnis pada era Industry 4.0. Abstract - Industry 4.0 provides opportunities for technological disruption to occur more quickly. The technology that emerged a few years ago may have been replaced by the latest technology, and the technology that emerges today will be replaced by the technology that was born in the next few years. Business can be affected by the disruption of the technology. One side of industry 4.0 can create new business opportunities, but on the other hand it can be a threat to businesses that have gone ahead. Prospective entrepreneurs can have new ideas / business plans, while entrepreneurs need to have new ideas / business plans to be able to maintain the business that has been implemented. Entrepreneurs need to adapt to the threats they face by always making new innovations in their business, especially in this industry 4.0 era. Execution of ideas / business plans can be directly carried out by the owner and then will face two possibilities, namely success or failure. Statistics show that not a few who experience failure. There are also many entrepreneurs / prospective entrepreneurs who feel worried about failure so they do not execute their ideas / business plans. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Go / No-Go Decision Making Method in the execution of business ideas / plans in the Industrial 4.0 era as an alternative method besides the QuickScreen & VOSE method (Timmons, 2011), Feasibility Study and SWOT Analysis. The Go / No-Go method referred to consists of Explore / Exploration, Select / Select, Test / Decide / Decide or abbreviated ESTD. In the previous research, this method was implemented by a number of respondents in their decision making / not continuing the execution of their ideas / business plans. The results of the study are expected to be able to enrich entrepreneurship theory in the process of filtering business opportunities or determining the right business opportunities (venture opportunity). The research method used is a qualitative method and is intended to answer the question "Can the ESD method be used as a go / no-go decision making method in the industrial era 4.0". The results of the study provide evidence that the ESTD method has several criteria so that it can be used as a decision-making method or as a method of filtering ideas / business plans in the Industry 4.0 era.

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WATKINS, LAURA H., BARBARA J. SAHAKIAN, MARY M. ROBERTSON, DAVID M. VEALE, ROBERT D. ROGERS, KATHRYN M. PICKARD, MICHAEL R. F. AITKEN, and TREVOR W. ROBBINS. "Executive function in Tourette's syndrome and obsessive–compulsive disorder." Psychological Medicine 35, no. 4 (November 8, 2004): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704003691.

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Background. Cognitive performance was compared in the genetically and neurobiologically related disorders of Tourette's syndrome (TS) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), in three domains of executive function: planning, decision-making and inhibitory response control.Method. Twenty TS patients, twenty OCD patients and a group of age- and IQ-matched normal controls completed psychometric and computerized cognitive tests and psychiatric rating scales. The cognitive tests were well-characterized in terms of their sensitivity to other fronto-striatal disorders, and included pattern and spatial recognition memory, attentional set-shifting, and a Go/No-go set-shifting task, planning, and decision-making.Results. Compared to controls, OCD patients showed selective deficits in pattern recognition memory and slower responding in both pattern and spatial recognition, impaired extra-dimensional shifting on the set-shifting test and impaired reversal of response set on the Go/No-go test. In contrast, TS patients were impaired in spatial recognition memory, extra-dimensional set-shifting, and decision-making. Neither group was impaired in planning. Direct comparisons between the TS and OCD groups revealed significantly different greater deficits for recognition memory latency and Go/No-go reversal for the OCD group, and quality of decision-making for the TS group.Conclusions. TS and OCD show both differences (recognition memory, decision-making) and similarities (set-shifting) in selective profiles of cognitive function. Specific set-shifting deficits in the OCD group contrasted with their intact performance on other tests of executive function, such as planning and decision-making, and suggested only limited involvement of frontal lobe dysfunction, possibly consistent with OCD symptomatology.

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Krishna, Malay. "From No to Go: How to Say Yes to Disruptive Ideas." Management Practice Insights 1, no. 1 (May 12, 2023): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59571/mpi.v1i1.2.

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Problem of Practice: While most large companies are making conscious efforts to make their businesses future-ready, truly disruptive ideas face multiple hurdles. Even before a new venture faces the market test, it must attract investment — and decision makers often hesitate to invest precisely because a radical new idea is so unfamiliar. Research1 by Mount and team reveals novel and useful ways to protect a company against this 'unfamiliarity bias.' First, the idea evaluators' background and expertise should be relevant to the ideas under review. Second, the evaluators should engage a lens of 'how' instead of 'why' while making the investment decision. Using a warm-up task is one application of the 'how' approach.

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Fooken, Jolande, and Miriam Spering. "Eye movements as a readout of sensorimotor decision processes." Journal of Neurophysiology 123, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 1439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00622.2019.

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Real-world tasks, such as avoiding obstacles, require a sequence of interdependent choices to reach accurate motor actions. Yet, most studies on primate decision making involve simple one-step choices. Here we analyze motor actions to investigate how sensorimotor decisions develop over time. In a go/no-go interception task human observers ( n = 42) judged whether a briefly presented moving target would pass (interceptive hand movement required) or miss (no hand movement required) a strike box while their eye and hand movements were recorded. Go/no-go decision formation had to occur within the first few hundred milliseconds to allow time-critical interception. We found that the earliest time point at which eye movements started to differentiate actions (go versus no-go) preceded hand movement onset. Moreover, eye movements were related to different stages of decision making. Whereas higher eye velocity during smooth pursuit initiation was related to more accurate interception decisions (whether or not to act), faster pursuit maintenance was associated with more accurate timing decisions (when to act). These results indicate that pursuit initiation and maintenance are continuously linked to ongoing sensorimotor decision formation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we show that eye movements are a continuous indicator of decision processes underlying go/no-go actions. We link different stages of decision formation to distinct oculomotor events during open- and closed-loop smooth pursuit. Critically, the earliest time point at which eye movements differentiate actions preceded hand movement onset, suggesting shared sensorimotor processing for eye and hand movements. These results emphasize the potential of studying eye movements as a readout of cognitive processes.

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Roberts, Thomas G., Thomas J. Lynch, and Bruce A. Chabner. "The Phase III Trial in the Era of Targeted Therapy: Unraveling the “Go or No Go” Decision." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 19 (October 1, 2003): 3683–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.01.204.

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Purpose: To review characteristics of contemporary phase III oncology trials and create an explicit framework to help clinical researchers prioritize novel therapies for phase III testing. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for all reviews of phase III trials; cataloged all phase III trials in two national clinical trial databases; and reviewed approval criteria of recently approved oncology drugs from public data provided by the US Food and Drug Administration. Industry data not available elsewhere in the medical literature were obtained from a sourcebook published by a large contract research organization. Results: Phase III oncology trials are the most expensive and time-consuming aspect of the drug development process. The results of these trials continue to exert the greatest influence on the treatment decision of oncologists and remain pivotal to the granting of drug approval. Making optimal decisions about which agents to advance to phase III testing may decrease the overall cost of cancer drug development and limit the number of patients exposed to ineffective drugs. A conceptual decision model for prioritizing novel therapies for phase III testing is presented. Conclusion: Cancer drug development has become more complex and expensive, whereas overall clinical progress remains slow. The transition from phase II to phase III requires a strategic decision that is based on new considerations. A greater investment in phase I and II drug trials may be required to provide the information necessary for phase III planning.

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Sun, De-Lin, Zu-Ji Chen, Ning Ma, Xiao-Chu Zhang, Xian-Ming Fu, and Da-Ren Zhang. "Decision-Making and Prepotent Response Inhibition Functions in Excessive Internet Users." CNS Spectrums 14, no. 2 (February 2009): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900000225.

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Introduction: Excessive Internet use (EIU), also described as Internet addiction or pathological Internet use, has already become a serious social problem around the world. Some researchers consider EIU as a kind of behavioral addiction. However, there are few experimental studies on the cognitive functions of excessive Internet users (EIUers) and limited data are available to compare EIU with other addictive behaviors, such as drug abuse and pathological gambling.Methods: In this study, we examined EIUers' functions of decision-making and prepotent response inhibition. Two groups of participants, EIUers and controls, were compared on these two functions by using a Gambling Task and a Go/no-go Task, respectively.Results: Compared with controls, EIUers selected significantly less net decks in the Gambling Task (P =.007). Furthermore, the EIUers made progress in selecting strategy, but more slowly than did the control group (EIUers, chunk 3 > chunk 1, P<.001; controls, chunk 2 > chunk P<.001; controls, chunk 2 > chunk 1, P<.001). Interestingly, EIUers' accuracy during the no-go condition was significantly higher than that of controls (P=.018).Conclusion: These results showed some similarities and dissimilarities between EIU and other addictive behaviors such as drug abuse and pathological gambling. The findings from the Gambling Task indicated that EIUers have deficits in decision-making function, which are characterized by a strategy learning lag rather than an inability to learn from task contingencies. EIUers' better performance in the Go/no-go Task suggested some dissociation between mechanisms of decision-making and those of prepotent response inhibition. However, EIUers could hardly suppress their excessive online behaviors in real life. Their ability of inhibition still needs to be further studied with more specific assessments.

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Sutedja, Krisdian Eko. "Benefit and Risk Assessment for Having Disaster Recovery in Cloud Computing for Banking Industry: Go/No-Go Decision Making Model." ACMIT Proceedings 3, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/acmit.v3i1.31.

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Over the past year, we all have been showed many cloud-based solutions for so many purposes, starting from the public storage facilities to the disaster recovery solutions. We have learned that enterprises need to pay more attention to the cybersecurity, especially for the banking industry. The bank needs to encompass all that protects the bank from the attacks, breaches, disruptions, and incidents and also the consequences, but still need to reduce costs. So as the result, the solutions need to be aligned with all of the other aspects within the bank, which include the governance, management and risk assurance. The idea of having the disaster recovery in the cloud have to also consider the information security aspects, as the bank is trying to get the maximum benefit that the bank can get from the cloud like to minimize the cost needed by the bank’s activities, but still need to consider the results of the risk assessment as one of the requirement in implementing the cloud solutions. The other thing that the bank has to consider is the compliance aspect.

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Ba, Yutao, Wei Zhang, Gavriel Salvendy, Andy S. K. Cheng, and Petya Ventsislavova. "Assessments of risky driving: A Go/No-Go simulator driving task to evaluate risky decision-making and associated behavioral patterns." Applied Ergonomics 52 (January 2016): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.07.020.

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Nadaan, Ishika. "Factors Influencing Career Decision Making." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 03, no. 12 (2022): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.2022.31209.

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A profession, occupation, trade, or vocation are all frequently referred to using the word "career." It shapes our future and this decision is one of the most crucial decisions a student or even a person can make. This study aims to find out the factors that influence a person’s career decision making process. Here we will go through different factors that our participants highlight and then evaluate based on their answers how much or little or even no effect it has on them. Factors like Age, Gender & Class (Grade) are taken as baselines so that there is little to no influence of these factors on the dataset we collected from our participants.

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Pickens, Charles L., Mark Gallo, Hayley Fisher, Alisa Pajser, and Madelyn H. Ray. "Alcohol Consumption during Adulthood Does Not Impair Later Go/No-Go Reversal Learning in Male Rats." NeuroSci 2, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurosci2020012.

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Reversal learning tasks are used to model flexible decision-making in laboratory animals, and exposure to drugs of abuse can cause long-term impairments in reversal learning. However, the long-term effects of alcohol on reversal learning have varied. We evaluated whether six weeks of voluntary alcohol consumption through chronic intermittent alcohol access (elevated by food restriction) in adult male rats would impair rats in a go/no-go reversal learning task when tested at an interval beyond acute withdrawal. In our go/no-go task, rats were reinforced for pressing one lever or withholding from pressing another lever, and the identities of the two levers were switched twice (once rats reached an accuracy criterion). We found no evidence that prior alcohol consumption altered discrimination or reversal learning in our task. This replicates previous patterns from our laboratory that higher alcohol consumption in food-restricted rats did not impair discrimination or reversal learning in a different go/no-go task and that alcohol consumption in free-fed adolescent/early adult rats did not impair go/no-go discrimination or reversal learning in the same task. It is unclear whether this represents an insensitivity of this task to alcohol exposure generally or whether an alcohol exposure procedure that leads to higher blood ethanol concentration (BEC) levels would impair learning. More research is needed to investigate these possibilities.

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Nazarboland, N. "Executive Functioning Impairments in Adolescents with Early Diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S217—S218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2200.

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Despite the neuropsychology literature provide reliable evidence of impaired executive functions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), it has not been determined whether these deficits are prior to onset of the disorder or they begin to appear as consequence. To investigate whether recent onset of OCD in adolescence is characterized by executive functioning difficulties in behavioral inhibition, attentional flexibility, and decision-making. Executive functions were compared in adolescents with recent (past year) appearance of OCD symptoms (n = 40) and control group (n = 40). Three computerized tests within the CANTAB battery were completed by all subjects (the Affective Go/No Go task, the Intra-Dimensional, Extra-Dimensional Set-Shifting task, and the Decision-Making task). Using one-way ANOVA showed that compared with control group, the OCD adolescents displayed a bias towards negative stimuli with less errors on sad and hopeless words on the Affective Go/No Go task. They also made faster decisions while they bet more of their available points compared to controls, in the Decision-Making task. Adolescents with recent OCD diagnosis (less than one year) showed greater attention towards sad and hopeless stimuli and more impulsive behavior when making decisions. However, they were able to switch attentional set to neutral stimuli. These findings suggest that executive functioning impairments can characterize adolescence OCD from early beginning of the disorder.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Burrows-McElwain, J. Bryan, I. K. Dabipi, and Chris Hartman. "MAKING THE GO, NO-GO DECISION BASED ON NON-TRADITIONAL WEATHER PLANNING INFORMATION: THE CHALLENGE OF MEASURING THE IMPACTS OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES ON PILOT’S WEATHER RELATED DECISION MAKING IN GENERAL AVIATION." Journal of Air Transport Studies 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v6i1.63.

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This paper explores contemporary issues regarding the challenges of quantifying improved decision making and situational awareness as it is applied to emerging tools in aviation weather information dissemination. The authors explore the phenomena of increased/improved pilot decision making due to additional visual representation of visual weather data. General concepts such as past and present flight planning tools and procedures are discussed. Additionally, the authors explore the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Alaskan Weather Camera program as a potential case study for future exploration of these concepts. A pilot survey tool was created and administered to a small test population as a part of an undergraduate Aviation Psychology course assignment. Preliminary findings and suggestions for future research are presented.

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Bragin, Valentin, Nicole Lashiker, David Kalancha, Tanya Silenko, and Sally Nozadze. "P2-296: DECISION MAKING TIME IN PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DEMENTIA ASSESSED WITH SIMPLE REACTION TIME AND GO/NO-GO TASK." Alzheimer's & Dementia 15 (July 2019): P699—P700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2703.

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Noorani, Ibrahim, Khurram Shakir, and Muddasir Hussain. "Political Dogma Stroll’s non political moral decision making." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 19 (April 30, 2013): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.19.4.

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Ethical enigma kernelling concerns about actions against concerns about consequences have been dealt by philosophers and psychologists to measure “universal” moral intuitions. Although these enigmas contain no evident political content, we decipher that liberals are more likely than conservatives to be concerned about consequences, whereas conservatives are more likely than liberals to be concerned about actions. This denouement is exhibited in two large, heterogeneous samples and across several different moral dilemmas. In addition, manipulations of dilemma averseness and order of presentation suggest that this political difference is due in part to different sensitivities to emotional reactions in moral decision-making: Conservatives are very much inclined to “go with the gut” and let affective responses guide moral judgments, while liberals are more likely to deliberate about optimal consequences. In this article, extracting a sample from Western Europe, we report evidence that political differences can be found in moral decisions about issues that have no evident political content. In particular, we find that conservatives are more likely than liberals to attend to the action itself when deciding whether something is right or wrong, whereas liberals are more likely than conservatives to attend to the consequences of the action. Further, we report preliminary evidence that this is partly explained by the kernel of truth from the parodies – conservatives are more likely than liberals to “go with the gut” by using their affective responses to guide moral judgment.

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Li, Wen-Chin. "The Investigation of Suitability of Aeronautical Decision-making Mnemonics in Tactical Environments." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 25 (September 2005): 2187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902515.

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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the suitability of ADM mnemonics for training decision making in cadet pilots. Sixty instructor pilots and forty-seven cadet pilots in the Republic of China Air Force Academy participated. They assessed the suitability of five different ADM mnemonics (SHOR -Wohl, 1981; PASS -Maher, 1989; FOR-DEC -Hormann, 1995; SOAR -Oldaker, 1995; and DESIDE - Murray, 1997) in the 6 different basic types of decision-making situation described by Orasanu (1993). These included go/no go decisions; recognition-primed decisions; response selection decisions; resource management decisions; non-diagnostic procedural decisions, and problem-solving. The findings indicated that SHOR was regarded as the most suitable mnemonic for application in time-limited and critical, urgent situations and DESIDE was thought to be superior for knowledge-based decisions which needed more comprehensive consideration but were less time limited.

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Lauwereyns, Johan, Masamichi Sakagami, Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui, Shunsuke Kobayashi, Masashi Koizumi, and Okihide Hikosaka. "Responses to Task-Irrelevant Visual Features by Primate Prefrontal Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 86, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): 2001–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.4.2001.

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The primate brain is equipped with prefrontal circuits for interpreting visual information, but how these circuits deal with competing stimulus-response (S-R) associations remains unknown. Here we show different types of responses to task-irrelevant visual features in three functionally dissociated groups of primate prefrontal neurons. Two Japanese macaques participated in a go/no-go task in which they had to discriminate either the color or the motion direction of a visual target to make a correct manual response. Prior to the experiment, the monkeys had been trained extensively so that they acquired fixed associations between visual features and required responses (e.g., “green = go”; “downward motion = no-go”). In this design, the monkey was confronted with a visual target from which it had to extract relevant information (e.g., color in the color-discrimination condition) while ignoring irrelevant information (e.g., motion direction in the color-discrimination condition). We recorded from 436 task-related prefrontal neurons while the monkey performed the multidimensional go/no-go task: 139 (32%) neurons showed go/no-go discrimination based on color as well as motion direction (“integration cells”); 192 neurons (44%) showed go/no-go discrimination only based on color (“color-feature cells”); and 105 neurons (24%) showed go/no-go discrimination only based on motion direction (“motion-feature cells”). Overall, however, 162 neurons (37%) were influenced by irrelevant information: 53 neurons (38%) among integration cells, 71 neurons (37%) among color-feature cells, and 38 neurons (36%) among motion-feature cells. Across all types of neurons, the response to an irrelevant feature was positively correlated with the response to the same feature when it was relevant, indicating that the influence from irrelevant information is a residual from S-R associations that are relevant in a different context. Temporal and anatomical differences among integration, color-feature and motion-feature cells suggested a sequential mode of information processing in prefrontal cortex, with integration cells situated toward the output of the decision-making process. In these cells, the response to irrelevant information appears as a congruency effect, with better go/no-go discrimination when both the relevant and irrelevant feature are associated with the same response than when they are associated with different responses. This congruency effect could be the result of the combined input from color- and motion-feature cells. Thus these data suggest that irrelevant features lead to partial activation of neurons even toward the output of the decision-making process in primate prefrontal cortex.

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Psederska, Elena, and Jasmin Vassileva. "Neurocognitive Impulsivity in Opiate Users at Different Lengths of Abstinence." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (January 10, 2023): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021236.

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The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of length of abstinence on decision making (impulsive choice) and response inhibition (impulsive action) in former opiate users (OU). Participants included 45 OU in early remission [0–12 months of abstinence], 68 OU in sustained remission [>12 months of abstinence], and 68 control participants. Decision making was assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT), and the Monetary Choice Questionnaire (MCQ). Response inhibition was examined with the Stop Signal Task (SST), and the Go/No-Go Task (GNG). Results revealed group differences in decision making under risk (CGT) and ambiguity (IGT), where control participants displayed better decision making compared to OU in early remission. Both groups of former OU were also characterized by higher discounting of delayed rewards (MCQ). Regression analyses revealed minimal effects of length of abstinence on performance on decision-making tasks and no effects on delay discounting. In addition, both OU groups showed reduced action inhibition (GNG) relative to controls and there were no group differences in action cancellation (SST). Length of abstinence had no effect on response inhibition. Overall, our findings suggest that neurocognitive function may not fully recover even with protracted abstinence, which should be addressed by relapse prevention and cognitive remediation programs for OU.

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Dolzani, Samuel D., Shinya Nakamura, and Donald C. Cooper. "A novel variable delay Go/No-Go task to study attention, motivation and working memory in the head-fixed rodent." F1000Research 2 (May 10, 2013): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-125.v1.

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In order to parse the causal elements underlying complex behaviors and decision-making processes, appropriate behavioral methods must be developed and used in concurrence with molecular, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approaches. Presented is a protocol for a novel Go/No-Go behavioral paradigm to study the brain attention and motivation/reward circuitry in awake, head-restrained rodents. This experimental setup allows: (1) Pharmacological and viral manipulation of various brain regions via targeted guide cannula; (2) Optogenetic cell-type specific activation and silencing with simultaneous electrophysiological recording and; (3) Repeated electrophysiological single and multiple unit recordings during ongoing behavior. The task consists of three components. The subject first makes an observing response by initiating a trial by lever pressing in response to distinctive Go or No-Go tones. Then, after a variable delay period, the subject is presented with a challenge period cued by white noise during which they must respond with a lever press for the Go condition or withhold from lever pressing for the duration of the cue in the No-Go condition. After correctly responding during the challenge period (Challenge) and a brief delay, a final reward tone of the same frequency as the initiation tone is presented and sucrose reward delivery is available and contingent upon lever pressing. Here, we provide a novel procedure and validating data set that allows researchers to study and manipulate components of behavior such as attention, motivation, impulsivity, and reward-related working memory during an ongoing operant behavioral task while limiting interference from non task-related behaviors.

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Dolzani, Samuel D., Shinya Nakamura, and Donald C. Cooper. "A novel variable delay Go/No-Go task to study attention, motivation and working memory in the head-fixed rodent." F1000Research 2 (March 19, 2014): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-125.v2.

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Анотація:

In order to parse the causal elements underlying complex behaviors and decision-making processes, appropriate behavioral methods must be developed and used in concurrence with molecular, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approaches. Presented is a protocol for a novel Go/No-Go behavioral paradigm to study the brain attention and motivation/reward circuitry in awake, head-restrained rodents. This experimental setup allows: (1) Pharmacological and viral manipulation of various brain regions via targeted guide cannula; (2) Optogenetic cell-type specific activation and silencing with simultaneous electrophysiological recording and; (3) Repeated electrophysiological single and multiple unit recordings during ongoing behavior. The task consists of three components. The subject first makes an observing response by initiating a trial by lever pressing in response to distinctive Go or No-Go tones. Then, after a variable delay period, the subject is presented with a challenge period cued by white noise during which they must respond with a lever press for the Go condition or withhold from lever pressing for the duration of the cue in the No-Go condition. After correctly responding during the challenge period (Challenge) and a brief delay, a final reward tone of the same frequency as the initiation tone is presented and sucrose reward delivery is available and contingent upon lever pressing. Here, we provide a novel procedure and validating data set that allows researchers to study and manipulate components of behavior such as attention, motivation, impulsivity, and reward-related working memory during an ongoing operant behavioral task while limiting interference from non task-related behaviors.

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Draper, Janet, and Paquita McMichael. "Secondary School Identities and Career Decision Making." Scottish Educational Review 32, no. 2 (March 27, 2000): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27730840-03202006.

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Within this article we shall examine the assumption of the inevitability of applying for promotion. For this purpose we consider those who are interested in applying for promotion beyond Principal Teacher (head of subject department) level. We seek to identify the factors relating to self concept which might distinguish these teachers from those who plan to go no further up the ladder. The findings we report derive from a study of the identities of Scottish secondary school Principal Teachers and Assistant Headteachers, drawing on five elements of identity. While some elements of identity are found to vary with role, this only occurs when career intention is taken into account. A considerable proportion of both groups of staff do intend to seek further promotion, and links are drawn between these intentions and gender, age and length of time in post.

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Mohan, Aparna, Raunak Dutta, Jacqueline Buros-Novik, Omobolaji Akala, and Brian Gregory Topp. "Abstract 4375: A bootstrapping method to optimize go/no-go decisions from single-arm, signal-finding studies in oncology." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 4375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4375.

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Abstract Background: Phase Ib, single-arm trials are common in oncology development. Since these trials are not powered for statistical significance, Go/No-Go decisions are largely driven by observed trends in ORR relative to historic control. Here we develop a bootstrapping method to systematically compare secondary endponts, such as the waterfall plot, to historic control data. In addition, we identify an actionable Go threshold and estimate the expected false positive and false negative rates associated with that threshold. Method: A proprietary mathematical model was used to simulate thousands of single-arm trials (n = 30) with a combination of pembrolizumab and a novel agent with miserable (Rx0), modest (Rx1), moderate (Rx2) or magnificent (Rx3) efficacy. A bootstrapping method was used to compare waterfall plots from these trials to a simulated Phase III pembrolizumab monotherapy control arm (n = 511). Results: The bootstrapping method provides a visualization of the observed waterfall plot for the single-arm combination trial relative to the range of possible outcomes from historic control data (5th, median, 95th percentile). The method also provides a score reflecting the probability that the observed data is different from the historic control. An ROC analysis showed a strong ability to separate drugs with modest (AUROC = 83%), moderate (AUROC = 96%) and magnificent combination efficacy (AUROC = 99%) from drugs with miserable efficacy. The method was shown to effectively move drugs with a range of efficacy through an in-silico pipeline while rejecting drugs without combination efficacy. Conclusion: This bootstrapping method allows comparisons of secondary endpoints from early clinical trials to historic control data. The visualization is intuitive, and the quantification provides an actionable Go-threshold. The method also provides an estimate of the risk associated with that recommendation. We suggest incorporation of this as a component of Go/No-Go decision making in early oncology trials. Citation Format: Aparna Mohan, Raunak Dutta, Jacqueline Buros-Novik, Omobolaji Akala, Brian Gregory Topp. A bootstrapping method to optimize go/no-go decisions from single-arm, signal-finding studies in oncology. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4375.

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Strang, Kenneth David. "Investment Selection in Complex Multinational Projects." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 5, no. 2 (April 2014): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.2014040105.

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Project executives believe complex multinational investment selection is complicated because there are many criteria to evaluate and the decision-making theories are difficult to implement in practice. The 2008 global recession has forced companies to rebalance existing programs and products. Thus, project selection is not merely a go/no-go decision for a single project but instead it is a multiple-criteria factor analysis of multiple new proposals – and whether to continue existing projects. Different selection approaches can produce opposite outcomes when applied to the same situation. Qualitative techniques such as managerial preferences or Delphi consensus building are subjective. Objective quantitative methods such as Markov analysis, linear programming and search heuristics are grounded on rigorous calculus theory, but they produce a single result (not priorities). Also, quantitative techniques may omit important managerial insight. This study demonstrates how qualitative and quantitative selection techniques can be combined for complex multinational investment decision making at a Virginia-USA-based coal mine company that generates electricity.

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Bernhardt, Julie, Kathryn S. Hayward, Numa Dancause, Natasha A. Lannin, Nick S. Ward, Randolph J. Nudo, Amanda Farrin, et al. "A stroke recovery trial development framework: Consensus-based core recommendations from the Second Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable." International Journal of Stroke 14, no. 8 (October 2019): 792–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493019879657.

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A major goal of the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable (SRRR) is to accelerate development of effective treatments to enhance stroke recovery beyond that expected to occur spontaneously or with current approaches. In this paper, we describe key issues for the next generation of stroke recovery treatment trials and present the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable Trials Development Framework (SRRR-TDF). An exemplar (an upper limb recovery trial) is presented to demonstrate the utility of this framework to guide the GO, NO-GO decision-making process in trial development.

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Bernhardt, Julie, Kathryn S. Hayward, Numa Dancause, Natasha A. Lannin, Nick S. Ward, Randolph J. Nudo, Amanda Farrin, et al. "A Stroke Recovery Trial Development Framework: Consensus-Based Core Recommendations from the Second Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 33, no. 11 (November 2019): 959–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968319888642.

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A major goal of the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable (SRRR) is to accelerate development of effective treatments to enhance stroke recovery beyond that expected to occur spontaneously or with current approaches. In this paper, we describe key issues for the next generation of stroke recovery treatment trials and present the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable Trials Development Framework (SRRR-TDF). An exemplar (an upper limb recovery trial) is presented to demonstrate the utility of this framework to guide the GO, NO-GO decision-making process in trial development.

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Irwin, Amy, Nejc Sedlar, and Oliver Hamlet. "Flying Solo." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 10, no. 2 (September 2020): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000189.

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Abstract. The paper examines general aviation (GA) pilot risk perception and decision-making via an online vignette study. GA is a high-risk area of aviation with many GA accidents considered to be the result of pilot performance rather than mechanical failure. Pilots ( n = 101) were presented with 12 go/no-go take-off decision scenarios across four risk categories (compromised performance, environment, faulty equipment, missing equipment). Scenarios depicting a missing checklist, missing sunglasses, and stress were considered less risky than illness, a faulty airspeed indicator (ASI), and a broken seatbelt. Pilots weighed their take-off decisions against mitigating factors, protective measures, and flight parameters. Situation awareness training and a focus on pre-flight planning may help to enhance flight safety within this group.

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Angara, Jayasri, Srinivas Prasad, and Gutta Sridevi. "DevOps Project Management Tools for Sprint Planning, Estimation and Execution Maturity." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2020-0018.

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AbstractThe goal of DevOps is to cut down the project timelines, increase the productivity, and manage rapid development-deployment cycles without impacting business and quality. It requires efficient sprint management. The objective of this paper is to develop different sprint level project management tools for quick project level Go/No-Go decision making (using real-time projects data and machine learning), sprint estimation technique (gamified-consensus based), statistical understanding of overall project management maturity, project sentiment & perception. An attempt is made to device a model to calibrate the perception or the tone of a project culture using sentiment analysis.

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Luery, David, and David Hanlon. "The Role of Pricing Research in Assessing the Commercial Potential of New Drugs in Development." International Journal of Market Research 44, no. 4 (July 2002): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147078530204400405.

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Pricing research has an important role to play in the go/no-go decisions taken to finance the progress of new drugs in development. There is a hierarchy in decision-making when it comes to determining the price of new drugs. Many different audiences (government, HMOs/insurance companies, formulary committees, physicians and patients) play a role in determining the price of new drugs. The questions then are when should we start pricing research, who should we talk to and what techniques should be used? This paper explores the role of pricing research throughout the eight- to ten-year development life cycle of new drugs. We examine the various pricing research approaches tailored to suit the different decision-marking audiences at the appropriate milestones in assessing the clinical and commercial potential of new drugs.

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Adams, Rick A., Michael Moutoussis, Matthew M. Nour, Tarik Dahoun, Declan Lewis, Benjamin Illingworth, Mattia Veronese, et al. "Variability in Action Selection Relates to Striatal Dopamine 2/3 Receptor Availability in Humans: A PET Neuroimaging Study Using Reinforcement Learning and Active Inference Models." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 6 (February 21, 2020): 3573–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz327.

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Abstract Choosing actions that result in advantageous outcomes is a fundamental function of nervous systems. All computational decision-making models contain a mechanism that controls the variability of (or confidence in) action selection, but its neural implementation is unclear—especially in humans. We investigated this mechanism using two influential decision-making frameworks: active inference (AI) and reinforcement learning (RL). In AI, the precision (inverse variance) of beliefs about policies controls action selection variability—similar to decision ‘noise’ parameters in RL—and is thought to be encoded by striatal dopamine signaling. We tested this hypothesis by administering a ‘go/no-go’ task to 75 healthy participants, and measuring striatal dopamine 2/3 receptor (D2/3R) availability in a subset (n = 25) using [11C]-(+)-PHNO positron emission tomography. In behavioral model comparison, RL performed best across the whole group but AI performed best in participants performing above chance levels. Limbic striatal D2/3R availability had linear relationships with AI policy precision (P = 0.029) as well as with RL irreducible decision ‘noise’ (P = 0.020), and this relationship with D2/3R availability was confirmed with a ‘decision stochasticity’ factor that aggregated across both models (P = 0.0006). These findings are consistent with occupancy of inhibitory striatal D2/3Rs decreasing the variability of action selection in humans.

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Facci, Eugenio L., Meredith A. Bell, and Razia Nayeem. "The Effect of Social Proof on Weather-Related Decision Making in Aviation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 19 (September 2005): 1780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901906.

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This paper examines several accident reports to investigate how a pilot's decision-making is influenced by the decisions made by pilots flying in her/his proximity. Among all the possible theories on influence we frame the problem in terms of Cialdini's (1993) concept of social proof, one that seems particularly appropriate for the analysis of accidents that occurred under deteriorating weather conditions in high-density terminal areas. In the paper we argue that, under those conditions, a very critical moment occurs when pilots should start making no-go or divert decisions after a stream of successful takeoffs and landings has been conducted. Following our examination, we highlight potential streams of research that may yield significant results in this area.

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Tarantino, Vincenza, Ilaria Tasca, Nicoletta Giannetto, Giuseppa Renata Mangano, Patrizia Turriziani, and Massimiliano Oliveri. "Impact of Perceived Stress and Immune Status on Decision-Making Abilities during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11120167.

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The ability to make risky decisions in stressful contexts has been largely investigated in experimental settings. We examined this ability during the first months of COVID-19 pandemic, when in Italy people were exposed to a prolonged stress condition, mainly caused by a rigid lockdown. Participants among the general population completed two cognitive tasks, an Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), which measures individual risk/reward decision-making tendencies, and a Go/No-Go task (GNG), to test impulsivity, together with two questionnaires, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. The Immune Status Questionnaire was additionally administered to explore the impact of the individual health status on decision making. The effect of the questionnaires scores on task performance was examined. The results showed that higher levels of perceived stress and a more self-reported vulnerable immune status were associated, separately, with less risky/more advantageous choices in the IGT in young male participants but with more risky/less advantageous choices in older male participants. These effects were not found in female participants. Impulsivity errors in the GNG were associated with more anxiety symptoms. These findings bring attention to the necessity of taking into account decision-making processes during stressful conditions, especially in the older and more physically vulnerable male population.

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Jefferies-Sewell, Kiri, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Naomi A. Fineberg, and Keith R. Laws. "Cognitive dysfunction in body dysmorphic disorder: new implications for nosological systems and neurobiological models." CNS Spectrums 22, no. 1 (November 30, 2016): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852916000468.

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IntroductionBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a debilitating disorder, characterized by obsessions and compulsions relating specifically to perceived appearance, and which has been newly classified within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders grouping. Until now, little research has been conducted into the cognitive profile of this disorder.MethodsParticipants with BDD (n=12) and participants without BDD (n=16) were tested using a computerized neurocognitive battery investigating attentional set-shifting (Intra/Extra Dimensional Set Shift Task), decision-making (Cambridge Gamble Task), motor response-inhibition (Stop-Signal Reaction Time Task), and affective processing (Affective Go-No Go Task). The groups were matched for age, IQ, and education.ResultsIn comparison to controls, patients with BDD showed significantly impaired attentional set-shifting, abnormal decision-making, impaired response inhibition, and greater omission and commission errors on the emotional processing task.ConclusionDespite the modest sample size, our results showed that individuals with BDD performed poorly compared to healthy controls on tests of cognitive flexibility, reward and motor impulsivity, and affective processing. Results from separate studies in OCD patients suggest similar cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, these findings are consistent with the reclassification of BDD alongside OCD. These data also hint at additional areas of decision-making abnormalities that might contribute specifically to the psychopathology of BDD.

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Memarista, Gesti. "THE INDONESIA GO PUBLIC COMPANIES INVESTMENT DECISION ON FIXED ASSETS DETERMINATION." JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (JAEF) 3, no. 2 (April 28, 2022): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37715/jaef.v3i2.2479.

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Investment is one of the most crucial decisions for go public firms. By investing, the company is allocating funds for a better future. The investment will make allow the money to grow for earning a higher rate of return. This study investigates the factors that influence public companies in Indonesia in making investment decisions by choosing fixed assets. The research samples are listed manufacturing companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2015-2020. Three independent variables are used, which are operating cash flow, firm value, and firm size, while the dependent variable is investment. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The study result shows that Indonesia’s go- public companies’ investment decision on fixed assets has significantly been determined by operating cash flow and firm size. Meanwhile, firm value has no significant effect on investment decisions.

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Pramudita, Aditia Sovia, Muhammad Ardhya Bisma, and Darfial Guslan. "The Distribution Channel Preferences in Purchase Decision-Making of Backpacker Hostel Customers." Binus Business Review 11, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v11i2.6241.

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The research aimed to find the correlation between distribution channels to each purchase decision-making process in hostel buying. This research was quantitative research using questionnaires to gather the data from 349 respondents. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data to find the correlation between each variable. The result shows that Online Travel Agent (OTA) has a significant and positive relationship to every purchase decision-making process. Then, go-show has only a significant and positive correlation in the purchase decision step. Meanwhile, the company’s website has a significant and positive relationship to purchase decision and postpurchase behavior steps. Last, the travel agent has no positive correlation to any of the customer decision-making process. Based on those facts, OTA remains the first choice of customers in terms of hostel buying.

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JIMÉNEZ-DÍAZ, MARÍA BELÉN, SARA VIERA, ELENA FERNÁNDEZ-ALVARO, and IÑIGO ANGULO-BARTUREN. "Animal models of efficacy to accelerate drug discovery in malaria." Parasitology 141, no. 1 (June 21, 2013): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182013000991.

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SUMMARYThe emergence of resistance to artemisinins and the renewed efforts to eradicate malaria demand the urgent development of new drugs. In this endeavour, the evaluation of efficacy in animal models is often a go/no go decision assay in drug discovery. This important role relies on the capability of animal models to assess the disposition, toxicology and efficacy of drugs in a single test. Although the relative merits of each efficacy model of malaria as human surrogate have been extensively discussed, there are no critical analyses on the use of such models in current drug discovery. In this article, we intend to analyse how efficacy models are used to discover new antimalarial drugs. Our analysis indicates that testing drug efficacy is often the last assay in each discovery stage and the experimental designs utilized are not optimized to expedite decision-making and inform clinical development. In light of this analysis, we propose new ways to accelerate drug discovery using efficacy models.

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Pessiglione, Mathias, Virginie Czernecki, Bernard Pillon, Bruno Dubois, Michael Schüpbach, Yves Agid, and Léon Tremblay. "An Effect of Dopamine Depletion on Decision-making: The Temporal Coupling of Deliberation and Execution." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17, no. 12 (December 2005): 1886–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892905775008661.

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When a decision between alternative actions has to be made, the primate brain is able to uncouple motor execution from mental deliberation, providing time for higher cognitive processes such as remembering and reasoning. The mental deliberation leading to the decision and the motor execution applying the decision are likely to involve different neuronal circuits linking the basal ganglia and the frontal cortex. Behavioral and physiological studies in monkeys indicate that dopamine depletion may result in a loss of functional segregation between these circuits, hence, in interference between the deliberation and execution processes. To test this hypothesis in humans, we analyzed the movements of parkinsonian patients in a go/no-go task, contrasting periods of uncertainty with periods of knowledge about the rule to be applied. Two groups of patients were compared to healthy subjects: one group was treated with dopaminergic medication and the other with deep brain stimulation; both groups were also tested without any treatment. In healthy subjects, the movement time was unaffected by uncertainty. In untreated patients, the movement time increased with uncertainty, reflecting interference between deliberation and execution processes. This interference was fully corrected with dopaminergic medication but was unchanged with deep brain stimulation. Moreover, decision-related hesitations were detectable in the movements of dopamine-depleted patients, revealing a temporal coupling of deliberation and execution. We suggest that such coupling may be related to the loss of dopamine-mediated functional segregation between basal ganglia circuits processing different stages of goal-directed behavior.

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Acconito, Carlotta, Katia Rovelli, and Laura Angioletti. "Neuroscience for a new concept of decision-making style." Neuropsychological Trends, no. 33 (April 2023): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/neur-2023-033-acc1.

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Decision-making styles refer to the style through which individuals identify and evaluate the information needed to make a decision and how they usually consider the various possible alternatives. While decision-making styles have been explored from several research perspectives, no neuroscientific studies addressed this topic before. Considering the neuroscientific findings on the study of the decision-making process, the purpose of this article is to go beyond the traditional models conceptualizing the styles of decisionmaking and to provide a novel insight and definition of this concept, through the identification of some of the prerogatives most closely associated with the notion of style: these include self-representation, adaptability, and risk-taking. Within this conceptual framework, it is proposed that the style of a decision-maker is strictly linked to the physiological tendency to tolerate and regulate stress, to the ability to self-represent one’s goals and be able to prioritize them, to the adaptability level, and to risk-taking and management traits. To fully understand the construct of decision-making styles, this theoretical contribution also underlines the importance of adopting a conceptual perspective that takes into account behavioural, self-report and neuroscientific measures to profile decision-makers.

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