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Статті в журналах з теми "Glucose reaction"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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1

Pilath, Heidi M., Mark R. Nimlos, Ashutosh Mittal, Michael E. Himmel, and David K. Johnson. "Glucose Reversion Reaction Kinetics." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, no. 10 (May 26, 2010): 6131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf903598w.

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2

Delgado-Andrade, C., I. Seiquer, and M. P Navarro. "Maillard reaction products from glucose-methionine mixtures affect iron utilization in rats." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 22, SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V (January 1, 2004): S116—S119. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10631-cjfs.

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The influence of Maillard reaction products from glucose-methionine on iron bioavailability was investigated, and compared with those from glucose-lysine (both 40% moisture, 150°C, 90 min). Iron balance was carried out in rats fed diets containing 3% of the different samples and a control diet (AIN93-G). After the balance period, rats were sacrificed, haemoglobin and hematocrit were measured and some organs were removed to analyze iron content. Consumption of the diet containing glucose-methionine heated mixtures increased iron digestibility and bioavailability with respect to animals fed the glucose-lysine diet, although values of net absorption and retention did not reach significant differences between groups. Haemoglobin, hematocrit and iron in liver were unaffected with the different diets, but higher values of iron concentration in spleen were found among animals fed the glucose-methionine diet.

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3

Mikhailov, S., R. Brovko, S. Mushinskii, and M. Sulman. "N-Methyl-D-Glucoseimine Synthesis Reaction Thermodynamic Properties Calculation." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 11 (November 15, 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/60/04.

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The presented article is devoted to thermodynamic calculations of the N-methyl-D-glucosimine reversible formation reaction, an intermediate product for N-methyl-D-glucosamine synthesis, which is widely used in pharmaceutical practice as a ballast or counterion that improves the bioavailability of the main active substance. N-methyl-D-glucosimine is synthesized as a result of the interaction of D-glucose with methylamine in organic solvents, the reaction is reversible, and the yield of the target product depends entirely on the reaction conditions. The use of thermodynamic calculations makes it possible to evaluate the influence of the chemical process conditions on the yield of target products, which in turn contributes to a deeper understanding of the chemical reactions mechanisms. In chemical equilibrium, direct and reverse reactions proceed at equal rates, while the concentrations of products and reagents remain constant. When the reaction proceeds in a closed system, after a certain time, a state of equilibrium occurs, while the reaction does not proceed with a complete transformation of the reagents. This article presents the results of thermodynamic calculations of the reaction for the synthesis of N-methyl-D-glucosimine by the Van Kravlen – Cheremnov method. The Gibbs energy, equilibrium constants, and D-glucose conversion were calculated as activity function of reacting substances. It was shown that an increase in the temperature of the reaction mixture from 20 to 160 °C promotes an increase in the conversion of D-glucose from 3 to 32%, and therefore it is possible to recommend carrying out this reaction at elevated temperatures.

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4

Knerr, Thomas, and Theodor Severin. "Reaction of glucose with guanosine." Tetrahedron Letters 34, no. 46 (November 1993): 7389–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)60133-8.

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5

Nováková, A., L. Schreiberová, and I. Schreiber. "Study of dynamics of glucose-glucose oxidase-ferricyanide reaction." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 85, no. 13 (December 2011): 2305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s003602441113019x.

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6

Jeon, Won-Yong, Young-Bong Choi, Bo-Hee Lee, Ho-Jin Jo, Soo-Yeon Jeon, Chang-Jun Lee, and Hyug-Han Kim. "Glucose detection via Ru-mediated catalytic reaction of glucose dehydrogenase." Advanced Materials Letters 9, no. 3 (March 2, 2018): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2018.1947.

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7

Číp, M., L. Schreiberová, and I. Schreiber. "Dynamics of the reaction glucose-catalase-glucose oxidase-hydrogen peroxide." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 85, no. 13 (December 2011): 2322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036024411130061.

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8

Nissl, Jürgen, Stefan Ochs, and Theodor Severin. "Reaction of guanosine with glucose, ribose, and glucose 6-phosphate." Carbohydrate Research 289 (August 1996): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(96)00123-1.

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9

Murthy, A. Surya N., and Anita. "Benzoquinone-mediated glucose/glucose oxidase reaction at pyrolytic graphite electrode." Electroanalysis 5, no. 3 (April 1993): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140050313.

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10

Ochs, S., and T. Severin. "Reaction of 2′-deoxyguanosine with glucose." Carbohydrate Research 266, no. 1 (January 1995): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(94)00254-d.

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11

Muhaimin, Muhaimin, Beta Wulan Febriana, and Septian Arfan. "Reaction Kinetics in Conversion Process of Pineapple Leaves into Glucose." Reaktor 18, no. 03 (September 28, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.155-159.

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Abstract This research aimed to determine the reaction kinetics in the process of hydrolysis of pineapple leaves. The experiment was carried out at the temperature (60, 90, and 120 oC) and variation of acid catalyst concentration (0.1; 0.5 and 1 M) by observation reaction time every 30 min. The kinetics model of hydrolysis reactions of pineapple leaves has shown first order reaction with activation energy value to find the concentration of sulfuric acid successively: 0.1 M; -15420 KJ/mol; 0,5 M; 3173.8 KJ/mol; 1 M; 100.53 KJ/mol. The reaction rate constant which produced the highest glucose level was on the use of sulfuric acid at a concentration of 0.1 M at a temperature of 120 oC with glucose levels produced between 26.366.039 ppm to 155.510.778 ppm with k = 0.0106/min. Keywords: glucose; hydrolysis; kinetic model; pineapple leaves

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12

Zhang, Heng, Zhe Wang, Heng Yang, and Hongyan Yang. "Kinetic study on the decomposition of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in an ionic liquid/organic biphasic system." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 33, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2018-3053.

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Abstract The kinetics of cellulose decomposition in an ionic liquid/organic solvent were investigated using microcrystalline cellulose as the raw material. Curve fitting of the cellulose degradation kinetic data was conducted using MATLAB. Results indicated that the catalytic decomposition reactions of cellulose, glucose and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), along with the diffusion process of 5-HMF, were all first-order reactions in the biphasic system. The decomposition rate constants of cellulose, glucose and 5-HMF, along with the diffusion coefficient of 5-HMF (k5), in the biphasic system were obtained using the first-order reaction model. The organic solvent could suppress the formation of by-products to a certain extent and reduced the activation energy of cellulose, glucose and 5-HMF degradation by 4.24 %, 5.17 % and 3.73 %, respectively, compared with cellulose degradation in ionic liquid. The amount of organic solvent had little effect on glucose yield within the optimum reaction time and did not ascertain the presence of glucose in the organic solvent. k5 was relatively small and increased with an increase in temperature, reaction time and amounts of [BMIM]Cl, catalyst and organic solvent, with temperature exerting the greatest effect.

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13

Sianipar, A., J. E. Parkin, and V. B. Sunderland. "The reaction of procainamide with glucose following admixture to glucose infusion." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 176, no. 1 (December 1998): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(98)00302-0.

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14

Chang, Seong-Cheol, and Deog-Su Park. "Development of Glucose Biosensor Using Sol-Gel Reaction of Tetraethoxysilane." Journal of Sensor Science and Technology 21, no. 4 (July 31, 2012): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5369/jsst.2012.21.4.311.

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15

Matsui, S., R. Ikemoto Yamamoto, Y. Tsuchiya, and B. Inanc. "The Kinetics of Glucose Decomposition with Sulfate Reduction in the Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 2 (July 1, 1993): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0092.

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Using a fluidized bed reactor, experiments on glucose decomposition with and without sulfate reduction were conducted. Glucose in the reactor was mainly decomposed into lactate and ethanol. Lactate was mainly decomposed into propionate and acetate, while ethanol was decomposed into propionate, acetate, and hydrogen. Sulfate reduction was not involved in the decomposition of glucose, lactate, and ethanol, but was related to propionate and acetate decomposition. The stepwise reactions were modeled using either a Monod expression or first order reaction kinetics in respect to the reactions. The coefficients of the kinetic equations were determined experimentally. The modified Monod and first order reaction equations were effective at predicting concentrations of glucose, lactate, ethanol, propionate, acetate, and sulfate along the beight of the reactor. With sulfate reduction, propionate was decomposed into acetate, while without sulfate reduction, accumulation of propionate was observed in the reactor. Sulfate reduction accelerated propionate conversion into acetate by decreasing the hydrogen concentration.

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16

Liang, Jing, Zhen Xing Cheng, Lian Yuan Wang, Hai Yan Zhu, Shi Gao, and Xiao Ping Zhang. "Synthesis of Several Sugar Acetates and their Structures Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 1373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.1373.

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Several acetate esters were synthesized by reacting sugars, i.e. glucose, soluble starch, and dextrin, with acetic anhydride in the presence of some catalysts. Their structures were confirmed by IR and MS. Influences of the reaction conditions, such as catalyst and its dosage, reaction time, reaction temperature and acetic anhydride content, on the value of degree of substitution (DS) and the yield for starch acetates had also been investigated. Results showed that glucose could be easily completely acetylated; acidic catalyst tended to form a configuration of α-glucose penta-acetate (α-GPA), while alkaline catalyst β-GPA. However, soluble starch and dextrin were more difficult to be completely substituted by acetic anhydride. The DS value of soluble starch was below 2; for dextrin, its DS value could reach 2.3, close to the theoretical value of 3. An appropriate reaction temperature and reaction time were important for high yield as well as high DS value.

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17

Davies, C. G. A., B. L. Wedzicha, and C. Gillard. "Kinetic model of the glucose-glycine reaction." Food Chemistry 60, no. 3 (November 1997): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(96)00338-x.

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18

Johnson, Kristin A., Beth A. Kroa, and Tony Yourey. "Factors affecting reaction kinetics of glucose oxidase." Journal of Chemical Education 79, no. 1 (January 2002): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed079p74.

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19

Saddler, J. M. "Falsely positive reaction to glucose test strips." Anaesthesia 40, no. 6 (February 22, 2007): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10923.x.

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20

Brouzgou, A., and P. Tsiakaras. "Electrocatalysts for Glucose Electrooxidation Reaction: A Review." Topics in Catalysis 58, no. 18-20 (September 28, 2015): 1311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0499-1.

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21

Koutny, Tomas. "Estimating reaction delay for glucose level prediction." Medical Hypotheses 77, no. 6 (December 2011): 1034–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2011.08.042.

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22

Hayase, Fumitaka, and Hiromichi Kato. "Maillard Reaction Products fromd-Glucose and Butylamine." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49, no. 2 (February 1985): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1985.10866744.

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23

Sasaki, Satoshi, Takashi Uchida, Daisuke Nakano, and Taketoshi Hideshima. "Glucose Measurement Using an Enzymatic Oscillatory Reaction." Electroanalysis 16, no. 19 (October 2004): 1598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.200302994.

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24

KNERR, T., and T. SEVERIN. "ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Glucose with Guanosine." ChemInform 25, no. 20 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199420281.

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25

Jiang, Wei, Xiaoxia He, Huicheng Yang, Xingwei Xiang, Shiwei Hu, Shijie Li, and Yu Liu. "Histamine reduction by Maillard reaction with glucose." Food Control 82 (December 2017): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.06.035.

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26

Hirsch, Jan, Eva Petrakova, Milton S. Feather, and Charles L. Barnes. "The reaction of d-glucose with aminoguanidine." Carbohydrate Research 267, no. 1 (February 1995): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(94)00285-n.

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27

Pettersson, G. "Mechanistic origin of the sigmoidal rate behaviour of glucokinase." Biochemical Journal 233, no. 2 (January 15, 1986): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2330347.

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Model studies are presented which demonstrate that reactions proceeding by a random ternary-complex mechanism may exhibit most pronounced deviations from Michaelis-Menten kinetics even if the reaction is effectively ordered with respect to net reaction flow. In particular, the kinetic properties and reaction flow characteristics of glucokinase can be accounted for in such terms. It is concluded that insufficient evidence has been presented to support the idea that glucokinase operates by a ‘mnemonical’ type of mechanism involving glucose binding to distinct conformational states of free enzyme. The sigmoidal rate behaviour of glucokinase can presently be more simply explained in terms of glucose binding to differently ligated states of the enzyme.

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28

Silva, Eduardo Alberto Borges da, Antônio Augusto Ulson de Souza, Alírio Egídio Rodrigues, and Selene Maria Arruda Guelli Ulson de Souza. "Glucose isomerization in simulated moving bed reactor by Glucose isomerase." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 49, no. 3 (May 2006): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132006000400018.

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Studies were carried out on the production of high-fructose syrup by Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) technology. A mathematical model and numerical methodology were used to predict the behavior and performance of the simulated moving bed reactors and to verify some important aspects for application of this technology in the isomerization process. The developed algorithm used the strategy that considered equivalences between simulated moving bed reactors and true moving bed reactors. The kinetic parameters of the enzymatic reaction were obtained experimentally using discontinuous reactors by the Lineweaver-Burk technique. Mass transfer effects in the reaction conversion using the immobilized enzyme glucose isomerase were investigated. In the SMB reactive system, the operational variable flow rate of feed stream was evaluated to determine its influence on system performance. Results showed that there were some flow rate values at which greater purities could be obtained.

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29

Cao, Jiang Lin, Bing Wu, Feng Zhu, and Ning Duan. "Hydrothermal Upgrading of Bitumen with Glucose as Hydrogen Donor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.92.

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The hydrothermal (HT) upgrading of bitumen with glucose, a model compound of biomass, as hydrogen donor was verified. A parametric study of glucose-promoted upgrading of bitumen, under HT conditions was carried out. The results confirmed the positive influence of glucose in the bitumen upgrading via the catalytic hydrogenation reactions. The optimum conditions for bitumen upgrading were: temperature 400 °C, glucose concentration 5 wt%, reaction time 90 min and catalyst amount 0.08 g. A proposed mechanism for bitumen upgrading with glycerin was discussed.

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30

Alegre, María, Carlos J. Ciudad, Cristina Fillat, and Joan J. Guinovart. "Determination of glucose-6-phosphatase activity using the glucose dehydrogenase-coupled reaction." Analytical Biochemistry 173, no. 1 (August 1988): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(88)90176-5.

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31

Hardie, A. G., J. J. Dynes, L. M. Kozak, and P. M. Huang. "Biomolecule-induced carbonate genesis in abiotic formation of humic substances in nature." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 89, no. 4 (August 1, 2009): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss08074.

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Most soil C sequestration research has focused on organic C stabilization, while carbonate precipitation has received little attention. Mineral colloids can accelerate abiotic humification reactions of biomolecules such as amino acids, sugars, and polyphenols, derived from the breakdown of biological residues and metabolites. During these reactions CO2 is produced as a result of the oxidation of biomolecules. However, the biomolecule-induced formation of carbonate during abiotic humification remained to be uncovered. Here we demonstrate using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and C K-edge and Mn L-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy that the Maillard reaction (glucose and glycine) and the integrated polyphenol-Maillard reaction pathway (catechol, glucose and glycine), in the presence of birnessite (δ-MnO2) produce MnCO3 (rhodochrosite). Increasing the molar ratio of catechol to glucose and glycine dramatically hampered carbonate formation, which is attributed to the enhanced formation of humic polymers, which increased proton generation and perturbed rhodochrosite crystallization through Mn(II)-humic complexation in the reaction systems. Thus, rhodochrosite formation was a competing reaction with humic substance formation. Our findings are of fundamental significance in understanding the vital role of the nature and relative abundance of biomolecules in abiotic carbonate formation, which merits close attention in understanding and regulating C sequestration in natural environments.Key words: Abiotic humification, polyphenol-Maillard reaction, rhodochrosite, birnessite, C K-edge and Mn L-edge NEXAFS

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32

McGookin, Barry J., and Mary-Ann Augustin. "Antioxidant activity of casein and Maillard reaction products from casein-sugar mixtures." Journal of Dairy Research 58, no. 3 (August 1991): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900029885.

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SummaryThe antioxidant activity of casein and Maillard reaction products obtained by reaction of casein with glucose or lactose was studied. Antioxidant activity was evaluated in a model System containing methyl linoleate with haemoglobin as a pro-oxidant. Casein was antioxidative and heating casein in the presence of glucose or lactose resulted in enhancement of antioxidant activity. The development of antioxidant activity in reacted casein–sugar mixtures was determined as a function of initial casein and sugar concentration. The observed antioxidant activity of reacted casein–sugar mixtures was due to casein itself and Maillard reaction products resulting from reacting casein with sugar.

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33

Li, Jia Yin, Yan Jun Liu, Guo Zheng, Yu Sun, Ya Ning Hao, and Tao Fu. "Preparation of Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactants by One-Step." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.75.

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Dodecyl polyglucoside was synthesized by glucose and dodecanol using P-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. The effects catalyst type, proportion of material, reaction temperature and pressure were discussed in this paper. The most appropriate reaction conditions: mole ratio of laurel alcohol and glucose 6:1, mass of ratio of P-toluenesulfonic and glucose 0.008:1, reaction temperature 120°C and reaction pressure 5.0kPa.

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34

Kleczkowski, Leszek A., and Daniel Decker. "Effects of Magnesium, Pyrophosphate and Phosphonates on Pyrophosphorolytic Reaction of UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase." Plants 11, no. 12 (June 20, 2022): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11121611.

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UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) carries a freely reversible reaction, using glucose-1-P and UTP to produce UDP-glucose (UDPG) and pyrophosphate (PPi), with UDPG being essential for glycosylation reactions in all organisms including, e.g., synthesis of sucrose, cellulose and glycoproteins. In the present study, we found that free magnesium (Mg2+) had profound effects on the reverse reaction of purified barley UGPase, and was absolutely required for its activity, with an apparent Km of 0.13 mM. More detailed analyses with varied concentrations of MgPPi allowed us to conclude that it is the MgPPi complex which serves as true substrate for UGPase in its reverse reaction, with an apparent Km of 0.06 mM. Free PPi was an inhibitor in this reaction. Given the key role of PPi in the UGPase reaction, we have also tested possible effects of phosphonates, which are analogs of PPi and phosphate (Pi). Clodronate and etidronate (PPi analogs) had little or no effect on UGPase activity, whereas fosetyl-Al (Pi analog), a known fungicide, acted as effective near-competitive inhibitor versus PPi, with Ki of 0.15 mM. The data are discussed with respect to the role of magnesium in the UGPase reaction and elucidating the use of inhibitors in studies on cellular function of UGPase and related enzymes.

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35

Shen, Bowen, Molan Qing, Liying Zhu, Yuxian Wang, and Ling Jiang. "Dual-Enzyme Cascade Composed of Chitosan Coated FeS2 Nanozyme and Glucose Oxidase for Sensitive Glucose Detection." Molecules 28, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031357.

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Immobilizing enzymes with nanozymes to catalyze cascade reactions overcomes many of the shortcomings of biological enzymes in industrial manufacturing. In the study, glucose oxidases were covalently bound to FeS2 nanozymes as immobilization carriers while chitosan encapsulation increased the activity and stability of the immobilized enzymes. The immobilized enzymes exhibited a 10% greater increase in catalytic efficiency than the free enzymes while also being more stable and catalytically active in environments with an alkaline pH of 9.0 and a high temperature of 100 °C. Additionally, the FeS2 nanozyme-driven double-enzyme cascade reaction showed high glucose selectivity, even in the presence of lactose, dopamine, and uric acid, with a limit of detection (LOD) (S/N = 3) as low as 1.9 × 10−6 M. This research demonstrates that nanozymes may be employed as ideal carriers for biological enzymes and that the nanozymes can catalyze cascade reactions together with natural enzymes, offering new insights into interactions between natural and synthetic biosystems.

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36

Yang, Liu, Yu Huan Liu, and Rong Sheng Ruan. "Hydrolysis of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 1448–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1448.

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We used solid acid and solid base we made ourselves prepared 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from glucose. Researched on the effects of quality ratio of solid acid and solid base, substrate concentration, volume ratio of two phases, reaction temperature and reaction time on 5-HMF yield. Results were shown that the conditions quality ratio of solid acid and solid base was 3: 4, substrate concentration was 50%, volume ratio of water phase and organic phase was 1: 2, reaction temperature was 120 °C, time for 12 h were the best that 5-HMF yield reached 48.39%.

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37

Burdett, Elena, and Amira Klip. "Exofacial regions of the glucose transporter of human erythrocytes: detection with polyclonal antibodies." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 66, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 1126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o88-130.

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The glucose transporter of human erythrocytes is a glycoprotein of 492 amino acids with a Mr of 55 000. From hydrophobicity plots based on the transporter's amino acid sequence, it has been proposed that exofacially, there are only a segment of 34 residues and the glycosylating carbohydrate branch. To detect changes in the number of glucose transporters during metabolic regulation in intact cells, one should obtain antibodies directed to exofacial sites of the transporter. Antibodies to the purified glucose transporter (Band 4.5), intact or deglycosylated with endoglycosidase F, were raised in rabbits. These antibodies, when purified by column chromatography on protein A-Sepharose and by adsorption onto erythrocyte membranes, cross-reacted with the glycosylated glucose transporter on Western blots. The reactivity of the polyclonal antibodies with intact cells was tested by incubating these cells with the antibody, followed by a centrifugation and a subsequent reaction with 125I-labelled goat-antirabbit immunoglobulin G. Intact human erythrocytes reacted positively with the anti-Band 4.5 antibodies but not with nonimmune sera. Reaction with human erythrocytes was about 10 times greater than with pig erythrocytes, which lack glucose transporters. The reaction with intact cells was not due to contamination with broken cells since under the conditions used, broken (freeze–thawed) cells or membranes did not sediment. Reaction with human erythrocyte membranes was more than fivefold higher than with pig erythrocyte membranes. Rat L6 muscle cells reacted with anti-Band 4.5 antibodies; there were about 10 times more binding sites in any one cell in L6 cells than in human erythrocytes, roughly paralleling their relative content of glucose transporters. It is concluded that the antibody may be reacting with exofacial regions of the glucose transporter in intact cells. This suggests that the antibodies may be used to detect relative changes in glucose transporter number on the cell surface.

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38

Tukač, Vratislav. "Glucose Hydrogenation in a Trickle-Bed Reactor." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 62, no. 9 (1997): 1423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19971423.

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Catalytic hydrogenation of 40% aqueous solutions of D-glucose to D-glucitol was studied in a high-pressure trickle-bed reactor. The reactions were performed on a supported nickel catalyst at temperatures ranging from 115 to 165 °C and in the pressure range 0.5 to 10 MPa. The order of the reaction with respect to hydrogen is 0.65 and apparent activation energy 23.8-48.5 kJ mol-1, the latter depending on initial molar glucose concentration and density and viscosity of the solution. The influence of external diffusion is necessary to take into account for scaling-up the process.

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39

Cho, Myung D., and Yoshiyuki Okamoto. "Enzymatical chain scission of water soluble polymers by the glucose-glucose oxidase reaction." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 15, no. 8 (August 1994): 629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1994.030150802.

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40

Chen, Jun, and Shulin Yang. "Catalytic mechanism of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase." Biochemical Society Transactions 47, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 945–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20190257.

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AbstractUDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH), an oxidoreductase, catalyzes the NAD+-dependent four-electron oxidation of UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid. The catalytic mechanism of UGDH remains controversial despite extensive investigation and is classified into two types according to whether an aldehyde intermediate is generated in the first oxidation step. The first type, which involves the presence of this putative aldehyde, is inconsistent with some experimental findings. In contrast, the second type, which indicates that the first oxidation step bypasses the aldehyde via an NAD+-dependent bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction, is consistent with the experimental phenomena, including those that cannot be explained by the first type. This NAD+-dependent SN2 mechanism is thus more reasonable and likely applicable to other oxidoreductases that catalyze four-electron oxidation reactions.

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41

Rahmawati, Atiqa, Aulia Iin Saputri, and Ignatius Gunardi. "Kinetics Study of Acid Catalyzed Degradation of Glucose in High-Temperature Liquid Water." Journal of Energy Mechanical Material and Manufacturing Engineering 5, no. 2 (September 18, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jemmme.v5i2.12553.

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Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide in nature, glucose obtained from cellulose and starch, it is many used to degradation process, and for the production of several organic compounds, one of the degradation products of glucose is an HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural). HMF is a platform chemical, which can be converted into several chemical and liquid fuels through hydrogenation, oxidation, and esterification. The objective of this researches has studied the kinetics of glucose degradation using acid-catalyzed (H2SO4) in high-temperature liquid water and observe the effect of acid concentration and temperature on degradation of glucose to HMF. In this research was used reactor with pressure 10 atm, with variation time of reaction, sulfuric acid concentration, and temperature of the reaction. From this research found kinetics of glucose degradation was followed by the first-order reaction in each variable. Activation Energy (Ea) values were 7306,593 J/mol; 6341,59 J/mol; 3988,14 J/mol and 3988,14 J/mol on the concentration sulfuric acid 0,05M; 0,1 M; 0,05M, from that result indicated that reaction rate was increase when activation energy was decrease this was related to Arrhenius equation. The effect of acid concentration on degradation glucose was the higher acid concentration used, the more glucose was degraded, and more HMF was formed. Meanwhile, the effect of temperature of reaction on degradation glucose was the higher temperature of the reaction, more glucose was degraded, and more HMF was formed. The highest value of HMF was in operation condition of concentration H2SO4 0,5 M at 175°C, with a time of reaction 120 minutes. However, the reduction rate of glucose was not equal to the rate of formation of HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural), it can be indicated that HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural) was not the only product of degradation of glucose, but the others product might be formed from this operating condition. The other product that might be formed was humin and levulinic acid.

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42

MALI, BAHERA, and PETER C. NICHOLAS. "Jaffes' reaction for creatinine: kinetic study of the reactions of creatinine, glucose and creatinine and glucose with alkaline picrate." Biochemical Society Transactions 16, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 395–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0160395.

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43

Fatimah, Febrina Lia G, and Lina Rahmasari G. "KINETIKA REAKSI FERMENTASI ALKOHOL DARI BUAH SALAK." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 2, no. 2 (June 19, 2013): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v2i2.1432.

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Research about bioethanol production from salak that are not marketable has been done. Salak containing 16.07% starch and 32.96% glucose, so that salak is potential to be converted into bioethanol by fermentation. This research aimed to study reaction kinetic of alcoholic fermentation that are the reaction kinetic of the hydrolysis of starch to glucose and fermentation of glucose to alcohol from salak by using Saccharomyces cereviseae. Hydrolysis of starch reaction containing two reaction rate controls that are chemical reaction and film diffusion. The results obtained for the hydrolysis reaction that the reacion rate constant is 1,41 x 10-11 and the film diffusion coefficient constant is 0,47 x 10-11 so the rate of the hydrolysis reaction is controlled by the film diffusion. Reaction rate constant for fermentation is 169,88. During the process of fermentation, the concentration of starch and glucose tended to decreased by time of fermentation and bioethanol concentration tended to increase by time of fermentation.

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44

Kim, Duck-Joong, Ju-Yeoul Baek, and Sang-Hoon Lee. "Integrated function evaluation of efficient micromixer and application to glucose-catalysts reaction." Journal of Sensor Science and Technology 14, no. 5 (September 30, 2005): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5369/jsst.2005.14.5.291.

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45

Hoggett, J. G., and G. L. Kellett. "Kinetics of the monomer-dimer reaction of yeast hexokinase PI." Biochemical Journal 287, no. 2 (October 15, 1992): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2870567.

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Kinetic studies of the glucose-dependent monomer-dimer reaction of yeast hexokinase PI at pH 8.0 in the presence of 0.1 M-KCl have been carried out using the fluorescence temperature-jump technique. A slow-relaxation effect was observed which was attributed from its dependence on enzyme concentration to the monomer-dimer reaction; the reciprocal relaxation times tau-1 varied from 3 s-1 at low concentrations of glucose to 42 s-1 at saturating concentrations. Rate constants for association (kass.) and dissociation (kdiss.) were determined as a function of glucose concentration using values of the equilibrium association constant of the monomer-dimer reaction derived from sedimentation ultracentrifugation studies under similar conditions, and also from the dependence of tau-2 on enzyme concentration. kass. was almost independent of glucose concentration and its value (2 x 10(5) M-1.s-1) was close to that expected for a diffusion-controlled process. The influence of glucose on the monomer-dimer reaction is entirely due to effects on kdiss., which increases from 0.21 s-1 in the absence of glucose to 25 s-1 at saturating concentrations. The monomer and dimer forms of hexokinase have different affinities and Km values for glucose, and the results reported here imply that there may be a significant lag in the response of the monomer-dimer reaction to changes in glucose concentrations in vivo with consequent hysteretic effects on the hexokinase activity.

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46

Ramesh, Pranav, Athanasios Kritikos, and George Tsilomelekis. "Effect of metal chlorides on glucose mutarotation and possible implications on humin formation." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 4, no. 2 (2019): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8re00233a.

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An in situ Raman spectroscopic kinetic study of the glucose mutarotation reaction in the presence of Lewis acids is presented herein. The effect of Lewis acids on humin formation reactions is also discussed.

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47

HAYASE, Fumitaka, and Hiromichi KATO. "Maillard reaction products from D-glucose and butylamine." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49, no. 2 (1985): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.49.467.

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48

Seidel, Wolfgang, and Monika Pischetsrieder. "Reaction of guanosine with glucose under oxidative conditions." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 8, no. 15 (August 1998): 2017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00343-6.

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49

Knerr, Thomas, and Theodor Severin. "Investigation of the glucose/propylamine reaction by HPLC." Zeitschrift f�r Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 196, no. 4 (April 1993): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01197937.

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50

Leskovac, Vladimir, Jasmina Svirčević, and Mirjana Radulović. "The oxidative part of the glucose-oxidase reaction." International Journal of Biochemistry 21, no. 10 (January 1989): 1083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-711x(89)90047-5.

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